【培优方案】UNIT 1　Honesty and responsibility（课时跟踪检测）（学生版）英语选择性必修第四册（译林版）

课时跟踪检测部分
UNIT 1　Honesty and responsibility
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.inch　2.diamond　3.decent　4.resigning　5.worthwhile
6.wires　7.criminal　8.collar　9.outline　10.principle
维度二
1.barely　2.appointment　3.scarred　4.legally
5.suspicion　6.reliable　7.innocent
维度三
1.flows a small river； stand some trees
2.walk along the river arm in arm
3.No matter how difficult it is
4.found himself in a ward
5.built by the Romans
6.confident enough to challenge
维度四
1.standing　2.appointment　3.which　4.exactly　5.most reliable　6.turned　7.under　8.them　9.the　10.to arrest
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉我们：关注诚实可以让人更快乐。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者的女儿在她解释到一半时就已经失去了兴趣。
2.C　推理判断题。文章第一段提到那只猫，作者在第二段中由此发出感慨：the choice to lie or be honest was often a choice between two equally undesirable things，紧接着又进一步做出了Telling my daughter the truth did not make me happier， but lying wouldn’t have either.的解释。由此可知，作者认为诚实让自己不开心，但撒谎也不会让自己开心。因此，C项中的tricky pair描述了诚实和撒谎之间微妙的关系。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的I struggled more with the small instances of honesty， rather than the big可知，作者提到自己在麦当劳的买餐经历，就是为了说明当涉及小事时，人们往往容易忽略诚实。本段采用了对比的写作手法，将客户重复支付的1000美元（数额大→大事）和麦当劳多找零的an extra dollar（数额小→小事）进行对比说明主题。
4.B　观点态度题。根据最后两段中的I started to like how it felt、I tended to feel better、this focus on honesty helped me feel that I was doing my part以及make you feel as if you have gold in your brain可知，作者认为关注诚实有好处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。一场在悉尼歌剧院举办的商业推广活动引发了公众的热议。作者认为人们应当尊重和赞赏国家的瑰宝，而不是通过它获取经济利益。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，悉尼歌剧院为一场赛马比赛打广告引起了很大的争议。一些人认为歌剧院应该用于获取经济利益，另外一些人则对政府批准将国家级地标用于商业宣传感到震惊。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，从前在悉尼歌剧院举办的活动都是公益活动，与单个品牌的收益无关。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段的最后一句可知，作者提及莫斯科红场的例子是为了说明将著名景点用于商业宣传，最终只会给景点带来负面影响。
8.B　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为人们应该尊重和赞赏国家瑰宝，而不是利用它们获取经济利益。由此可推知，作者对在悉尼歌剧院举办的商业推广活动持反对意见。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因。
9.F　上文介绍了诚实正直的含义，下面几段介绍了拥有诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因，故F项符合语境。
10.B　根据本段小标题“你会建立更好的关系”可知，B项（诚实正直的品质对于改善人际关系非常重要）符合语境。B项中的relationships与小标题中的relationships以及空后两次出现的relationships构成原词复现。
11.C　设空处前一句说明诚实正直的品质会大大提高你的信誉，设空处后一句指出信任拥有道德价值和标准的人是人类的天性。因此，C项（如果你拥有诚实正直的价值观，人们就会开始信任你）符合语境。C项中的trust与上文中的credibility和下文中的believe in相呼应。
12.E　上文指出如果你是一个诚实正直的人，那么你的自信心自然会变强。反之，自信心就会下降。因此，E项（总之，诚实正直的品质能让你对自己充满信心）符合语境。E项中的feel very sure about the person you are与空前的self-confidence相呼应。
13.G　上文说明当人们开始信任你时，你就拥有了领导力。下文指出领导力不仅仅是最优秀的品质之一，也是年轻人在成长过程中应该学习的一项重要生活技能。因此，G项（这就是为什么你会发现大多数领导者都是诚实正直的人）符合语境。G项中的leaders与设空处前后均出现的leadership相呼应。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.guilty　2.photographs　3.So　4.that　5.where　6.so　7.since/now that　8.however； how　9.when　10.before
维度二
1.As the summer vacation is approaching　2.unless he invites me　3.such fine weather that　4.whether he comes or not　5.as if she was waiting for someone
维度三
1.while/when　2.than　3.before　4.because　5.Since/As
6.unless　7.After　8.when/while　9.Although/Though/While
10.however　11.As　12.where　13.until　14.as
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己不小心剐蹭一辆车后，主动留下自己信息的故事。作者希望借自己的故事向读者传达人人都应该为自己做错的事情承担责任的道理。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，那天晚上，作者倒车时不小心蹭了一辆泊在车位上的吉普车。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的a woman ... photographing me with her phone ...She had no respect for my privacy可知，那位女士未经作者允许就拍了作者的照片，作者认为这侵犯了他的隐私。
3.A　词义猜测题。根据上文可知，作者剐蹭了别人的车，此处应该是指作者决定“承认”自己的过失，下文作者留下自己姓名和电话的行为是作者承担责任的具体表现。
4.B　主旨大意题。作者在最后一段指出，人人都应该按照社会契约行事，愿意承担责任、关爱他人、为大局着想，世界才会更美好。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。热心的Carlos通过TikTok为89岁的披萨外卖员Newey筹到2万多美元的善款作为生活补给。
5.B　观点态度题。根据第一段中的When Newey delivered a large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a conversation和第二段中Gladys所说的He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine可知，Newey在Gladys的眼里是一个热情、善于交际的人。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的he decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page可知，Carlos通过在网上筹集资金来帮助Newey。
7.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段开头的the surprise delivery和Carlos带来的善款以及画线词后面的his eyes filled with tears可推知，Newey 大吃一惊，满眼泪水。故画线词flabbergasted意为“非常震惊”。
8.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Newey所说的话可知，Newey喜欢送披萨这份工作，喜欢和顾客聊天、交朋友，喜欢看到孩子们拿到披萨时脸上洋溢的笑容。这些在他看来更有价值和意义。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宠物主人应该承担的几项责任。
9.F　设空处前一句指出：在决定要养宠物时，你可能更关注你认为新宠物会带来的快乐和幸福。F项（虽然这是真的，但它们也会带来一系列每个人都应该考虑的职责）符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。F项中第一个that指代上文描述的情况。
10.E　根据本段小标题“食物和住所”可知，E项（为宠物提供基本生活必需品是理所当然的）符合语境。E项中的basic necessities of life与小标题相呼应。
11.D　上文说明了宠物主人最好与兽医建立关系。下文指出：到了那个时候，你的兽医能为你提供帮助，让你的宠物觉得舒适、远离痛苦、感到被爱，指导你作出有关临终关怀的决定。故D项（随着宠物年龄的增长，与兽医建立关系也会有所帮助）符合语境。
12.G　设空处前一句指出：举例来说，接受过基本服从训练的狗了解什么行为是主人可以接受的，也清楚主人对它的期望。G项（这可以帮助它在家庭环境中更加乐于合作、感到舒适、充满自信）紧承上文，符合语境。G项中的This指代设空处前描述的情况。
13.A　上文说明了爱可能是最重要的一项责任。下文指出了它们是需要你照顾的伙伴；它们能够理解你；它们以你的幸福为生活目标。负责任的宠物主人会努力为它们做同样的事情。A项（你的宠物不是你的财产）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。陌生人的慷慨帮助让作者懂得把爱传递下去。
14.C　根据该空前的a grouchy （爱发脾气的） kid可知，“我”的孩子易怒，不管“我”做什么，都无法满足他。
15.B　根据第二段中的dropped the little one off to daycare可知，“我”上车准备带孩子去托儿所。
16.D　根据第二段中的I filled up my tank可知，“我”的油箱几乎空了。
17.A　根据上文的描述可知，“我”一大早就遇到很多不顺心的事情，因此“我”感到很糟糕。
18.C　根据该空后的my favourite meal， went to the cashier可知，“我”点了最喜欢吃的饭菜，然后去了收银台。
19.D　根据下文my debit card （借记卡） was declined可知，这是意想不到的事情。
20.C　根据该空前的she must have run my card wrong可知，“我”告诉收银员，她一定是操作不当，让她再试一次。
21.B　根据该空前的the screen to read DECLINED again可知，当屏幕又一次显示“我”的卡不能支付时，我感到很沮丧。
22.B　根据该空后的called the bank number可知，“我”立刻抓起手机，拨打了银行的电话。
23.D　根据下文You can pay me back by paying it forward.可知，这位女士替“我”付了款。
24.B　根据该空后的and said可知，这位女士打断“我”，并且对“我”说：“你可以通过把爱传递下去来回报我。祝你今天过得愉快。”
25.B　根据该空后的I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real life可知，“我”很惊讶。
26.A　根据上文的描述可知，这位女士帮了“我”的大忙。
27.A　根据该空前的who didn’t even know me可知，“我”对那位女士来说是一个陌生人。
28.D　根据上文的描述以及该空后的gratitude可知，“我”要把孩子培养成一个善良且懂得感恩的人。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一则中国传统故事：曾子杀猪。
29.significance　考查词形转换。设空处为“of＋抽象名词”结构，该结构在句中充当形容词的作用，故填significance。
30.generally　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作状语，修饰recognized，应用副词，故填generally。
31.who/that　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a person，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
32.to go　考查非谓语动词。be about to do sth表示“即将/正要做某事”，故填to go。
33.and　考查连词。根据语境可知，设空处前后两句为并列句，故填and。
34.staying　考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词into的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，故填staying。
35.on　考查介词。on one’s way to do sth为固定搭配，意为“在去做某事的路上”。
36.was killed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。the pig与kill之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且根据语境可知，设空处应用一般过去时，故填was killed。
37.faithful　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作表语，表示“忠实的，守信的”，故填形容词faithful。
38.tales　考查名词复数。tale为可数名词，意为“故事”，在此表泛指，且前面有countless修饰，故填tales。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位青少年的善举。
1.D　细节理解题。根据John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida部分中的He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.可知，孔雀喷泉建在一个公园里，是为了纪念Elizabeth Buckley。
2.B　细节理解题。根据Barrett Smith， 13， Utah部分中的Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.可知，Barrett为Karma自行车商店捐赠自行车。
3.C　推理判断题。文中John Michael Thomas为纪念朋友建造孔雀喷泉，Barrett Smith为车店捐赠自行车，Zachary Blohm为建大操场筹集资金，Jack Zimmerman为减少饥饿儿童而组织活动。由此可推断出，这四个人都很有爱心，他们的共同点是关心他人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。说谎是人类的天性，文章通过对不同年龄的孩子进行实验告诉我们，撒谎意味着正常的成长。
4.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，说谎是人的本性。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.可知，Kang Lee认为撒谎意味着正常的成长。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.可知，试验中孩子们被要求断定隐藏着的玩具的名称。
7.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句可知，画线词所在句讲述的是撒谎的孩子的比例，由此推断画线词所在句意为“在两岁的孩子中，只有30％的孩子说谎了”。因此画线词mendacious意为“说谎的”，与untruthful同义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者探讨了为人父母，特别是作为一个父亲应尽的义务和应担负的责任以及作为一个父亲的重大意义和价值。
8.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句及第四句可知，养育子女没有全面的指导手册，希望你的丈夫或妻子能帮助你向着正确的方向前进。据此推断，画线短语所在句表示有时候你会出错。由此可猜测，screw up意为“把……弄糟；出错”，与mess up意思相近。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.可知，作者认为管教孩子是爱的一种表现。
10.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，父亲的角色赋予了生命无与伦比的意义，对我们很多人来说，为人父母很可能是一种抗抑郁剂，你的孩子总是会以这样或那样的方式需要你。由此推断，作者提到父母为孩子所做的事情是为了说明做父母的重要性。
11.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为自己作为父亲为孩子们做的事情很重要，是家庭延续不可缺少的一部分，有着不可估量的价值。由此推断，作者为自己的父亲身份感到自豪。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。阿姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行了一项研究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。
12.B　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行这项研究是想证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。
13.A　细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知，研究结果显示，说真话的人和说谎者回避目光的程度相似，但真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述包含更多的细节。
14.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，维苏耶雷指出在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的调查或后续问题来确认陈述的准确性，即他认为他的研究应用于现实生活中会有一些局限性。
15.C　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难，阿姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行了一项研究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。由此可推知，作者写本文的主要目的是告知读者关于识别说谎者的科学发现。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年时期的一些特点以及远离消极同伴压力的方法。
16.C　上文提到了青少年时期是最令人困惑的阶段之一，且下文提到了消遣，因此本句旨在说明这一阶段的特点，C项（你处在一个探索的时期，试图找出自己的喜好）符合语境。
17.F　上文提到了不涉及道德判断的消遣，下文的例子则是关于道德判断的。由此可知，设空处应承上启下，F项符合语境，与上文构成转折关系，并引出下文的例子。
18.E　根据上文可知，想要融入群体可能会迫使你做一些违背自己正确判断的事情，下文则提到这并不会阻止你做真实的自己。由此可推测，本句旨在说明你因为害怕失去朋友或被嘲笑而不敢拒绝。故E项符合语境。
19.B　上文提到的是远离消极同伴压力的第一点措施，本句应说明远离消极同伴压力的第二点措施，故B项（其次，忠于自己的想法并坚持自己所相信的）符合语境。
20.G　上文提到：你可能已经成为团队中的催化剂，带来了积极的改变。G项（团队中的其他人可能会跟随你的领导并有勇气做正确的事情）符合语境，指出带来的具体改变。
Ⅲ.
Dear Chris，
　　Glad to receive your email asking about the voluntary activity I took part in last week.I’ll tell you some details about it.
　　Our school organized a voluntary activity to help the elderly in the local nursing home， and I got actively involved， talking with the old people and trying my best to amuse them.Looking at their smiling faces， I believe I’ve made a difference to their lives.I also realized the importance of having family close by.I made up my mind that I would spend more time with my grandparents.
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.fault　2.garbage　3.deadline　4.pretended　5.Organic　6.bonus　7.guidance　8.savings　9.harvest　10.virtue
维度二
1.discouraged　2.guidance　3.organically　4.savings
5.merciful　6.social　7.forgiveness　8.disappointed
9.guilty　10.resignation
维度三
1.However good an advertisement is
2.Once set
3.so that he was unable to
4.Not the manager but the workers are
5.Read this story， and you will realise
维度四
1.whose　2.on　3.which　4.gradually　5.responsibility　6.failures　7.assuming　8.betterment　9.so　10.rewarding
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了儿时当报童的经历，这段经历让他学会了如何理财、服务客户以及承担责任。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句可知，作者当报童送报时常常骑一辆破旧的二手自行车。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中作者对Kusek的描述可知，每次都说下周给报款的Kusek总是食言。
3.B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的two German Shepherds ...barking always pushed me one step back from the door可知，作者每周都要去Mr Schaefer家收报款，可是因为他家有两只凶猛的德国牧羊犬，所以作者每次去他家收款都很害怕。get/have cold feet意为“临阵胆怯；畏缩”。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的My first job as a paperboy taught me about managing money， serving customers， and accepting responsibility.和I felt proud at that moment可知，作者非常感激当报童的这段经历。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何做好志愿者工作提出了一些建议。
5.G　上文提到：做志愿者同样有使命，需要负责任。空处为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明负责任的原因，故G项（人们都在依赖你，你应该负责任地付出你的时间）符合语境。
6.C　根据上文可知，本段主要是关于志愿者态度的说明，上文提到面带微笑表现出你想在那里做志愿者，由此可推测此处应表述的是需要积极的态度，C项中的a positive attitude对应上文中的a good attitude。故C项（如果你有积极的态度，你和你周围的每个人会更快乐）符合语境。
7.E　根据上文Follow the rules.可知，本段的建议是遵守志愿者的规则，下文中them指代E项中的a list of rules。故E项（有人可能已经给了你一份规则列表，不管是书面的还是口头的）符合语境。
8.A　本空位于本段开头，根据第三、四、六段开头语可知，本空应选祈使句作为本段的主旨句。根据下文中的let him know as soon as possible和share your thoughts with him可知，本段提到要多和他人分享自己的想法，即多和他人沟通。故A项（多交流）符合语境。
9.F　上文提到你可能在工作过程中注意到有其他的事情需要做，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明如何应对这种情况。故F项（不管这件事是什么，尽量去做，除非它违反了你组织的规定）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在女儿的影响下，作者决定开始写感恩日志。
10.C　根据下文中的I always looked for a perfect planner可知，“我”做事不够条理，因此“我”一直在寻找一本完美规划簿，“我”梦想着有了它“我”就能结束“我”的拖延症。
11.D　参见上题解析。
12.D　根据上文My daughter Julia and I headed to the school supply section in the shop the other day.可知，到了学习用品区，Julia挑了一本规划簿并拿给“我”看。
13.A　根据下文I thought of all the good habits I wanted to develop.可知，“我”认为规划簿上的习惯追踪将会对“我”很有帮助。
14.D　根据上文I asked Julia to put the planner in the cart （手推车）.可知，Julia说她也想买一本。
15.A　根据上文The next day， I filled in the habit-tracker section of my new planner可知，“我”决定作出一些积极的改变。
16.B　根据下文found the perfect planner ...together可知，“我”感到兴奋不已，或许“我”终于发现了完美的规划簿。
17.C　参见上题解析。
18.B　根据下文中的realized that I’d grabbed Julia’s可知，一天早上，“我”把Julia的规划簿当成是“我”自己的翻开了。
19.C　参见上题解析。
20.A　根据下文的how did she find time to do these things可知，Julia“习惯追踪”上的第一个任务是“写感恩日志”，第二个任务是“做好事”。尽管她很忙，但那一周她每天都会完成这两件事。
21.C　参见上题解析。
22.D　参见第20题解析。
23.B　根据上文Those two habits go together.可知，Julia说写感恩日志让她想做好事。
24.C　根据第一段中的I always looked for a perfect planner.可知，“我”花了很多年去寻找一本完美规划簿，殊不知，“我”需要的只是一本感恩日志。
Ⅳ.
　　A week later， the team gathered at the lot， carrying tools purchased with their earnings or donated by neighbours.Staring at the unused field of dirt， rocks， and weeds， Mariana thought it was not the soccer field in their dream.But she kicked into action with the others， cleaning up the mess.There was a huge rock in the middle of the field and the team moved it onto a rented truck.However， a gaping hole immediately appeared.With everyone working together they moved enough soil from the field’s edges to fill the hole.
　　Opening day attracted a huge crowd of soccer fans， all amazed by the new field.Before the game， the Rockers gathered together.They did it.Together they successfully turned an unseemly lot into their field of dreams.Everyone was excited and they decided to get out there hand in hand.Later， as the clock was running out on the 0∶0 score， Mariana kicked the ball hard.When she saw it slip through the opposing goalie’s hands， she realized that her dream had actually come true！
UNIT 2　Understanding each other
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.folded　2.obtain　3.mails　4.tone　5.clarify
6.sympathy　7.feedback　8.straightforward
维度二
1.approval　2.knowledgeable　3.reactions　4.gently
5.competent　6.precisely　7.suitable　8.negotiation
维度三
1.while enjoying the convenience
2.Not only her mother but also her sisters are
3.teach children how to survive
4.Only when； did she realize
维度四
1.communicator　2.whom　3.Depending　4.to decide
5.and　6.equally　7.whether 　8.to　9.yourself
10.allowing
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在异国如何克服不自信，适应新生活的故事。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的I expected they would be eager ...no one was interested可知，作者本来很想和同事一起去参加研讨会，可是他们对此不感兴趣。由此推断，作者对他们的反应可能会感到失望。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，作者到英国后，不敢参与工作上的讨论，害怕同事认为自己能力不足。再结合第三段第二至四句可推断，在新环境中的不自信导致作者心理出现问题，所以他在一次崩溃之后联系了学校的心理服务。
3.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的all of us clapping and ...the familiar songs可知，在音乐会上作者与其他听众一起唱熟悉的歌曲。
4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的So， when that conference came around， I felt comfortable registering to attend on my own可知，后来作者独自去参加了研讨会。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言在教学中的重要性。
5.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的The most effective communication occurs ...together with our verbal ones 可知，非言语信号和口头信号共同作用时，会产生沟通协同作用。由此可猜测，synergy意为“协同作用；增效作用”。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，大多数领导职位主要表现为行使控制。
7.C　目的意图题。根据最后一段内容可知，肢体语言的重要性不容忽视。在教学中提倡使用肢体语言，注意使用规则和技巧，这是可取的，应该使用正确、自然、清晰的肢体语言。由此可知，最后一段主要是给出建议，建议教师在教学中使用肢体语言。
8.A　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段中的The importance of body language in teaching can never be ignored.可知，文章主要介绍了教师使用肢体语言的重要性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了罗格斯大学的新发现——与邻居建立联系有益于健康。
9.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，独居与许多不利的健康结果有关，如心脏病、抑郁症和整体生理健康状况不佳。由此可知，独居老人的健康状况应受到关注。
10.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Enhancing neighbourhood cohesion may be a promising way to reduce early death for older adults who live alone.可知，与邻居的交往互动可以降低独居老人的死亡风险。
11.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，未来的研究应该关注邻里关系中的其他因素，以及它们如何影响老年人的健康。
12.A　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是最后一段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了与邻居建立联系对健康的影响，呼吁我们每个人尽自己的一份力量对自己的邻居好一点。因此，A项（了解你的邻居）适合作为本文标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。适度恐惧是有好处的。
13.D　根据空前一句可知，许多人专门吓唬自己。故D项（他们看恐怖电影，坐过山车或跳伞）符合语境，D项中的They指代前一句的Many people。
14.G　根据设空处后一句可知，设空处和人的心理活动有关，故G项（实际上，当你经历恐惧时，几乎不可能想到你的担忧）符合语境，G项中的impossible to be thinking of your worries与后一句中的“eraser” for the mind相呼应。
15.C　设空处所在段主要讲了如果人挑战内心的恐惧，做一些让自己害怕的事情，会丰富自己的经历，从而让自己的人生少一些遗憾，故C项（恐惧让你活得充实）符合语境。
16.B　根据设空处前一句可知，恐惧会让你意识到什么是重要的，并顿悟抓住“现在”时刻的意义，故B项[“以后”永远无法保证（那些重要的人和事能被关心和完成）]符合语境，B项中的Later和前一句中的now相呼应。
17.F　最后两段总结全文。设空处与前一句在语义上构成递进关系。有人说恐惧与勇气相遇的地方，是最美好的地方。故F项（最重要的是，恐惧可能是变革、创造力和创新的发源地）符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.why　2.whose　3.who/that　4.which　5.（that）　6.as
7.which　8.where　9.when　10.whom
维度二
1.As we all know　2.where/in which he grew up　3.when/on which we visited the Palace Museum　4.that she had picked up　5.who/that made a speech
维度三
1.where　2.when　3.where　4.where　5.where
6.whose　7.who/whom/that　8.where　9.when
10.which/that
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者结合自身经历，讲述了不同文化之间的差异给人际沟通带来的影响。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的My colleagues almost always responded with a yes.But all too often， the deadlines came and went without the requested material.可知，同事答应作者的事情没有兑现，因此，作者肯定会感到不快；又根据最后两句可知，如果不是来自南非的老板对此进行解释，作者会一直感到困惑，不明白同事们为什么会这么做。由此可知，作者对那些同事可能感到困惑和不快。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的By contrast ...may be viewed as untrustworthy.可知，当讨论到热点问题时，中东地区的人往往会表现出强烈的情感回应。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，这位同事表达她的想法不是直接用语言，而是通过肢体语言、语气和其他与情境有关的提示。所以，她可能是一个高语境沟通者。
4.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的I have found that ... involve emotion， context and social expectations.可推知，在文章中作者可能会分别讨论上面提到的这些因素，而第三段讲的是情感因素，第四段讲的是语境因素。由此可以推断，在接下来的段落中最有可能讨论社会期望方面的文化差异。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了“irregardless”被收录进了《韦氏词典》，引起了广泛的争议，还介绍了这一单词被使用的历史以及人们对此的不同看法。
5.A　推理判断题。第一段主要介绍了“irregardless”一词从1795年起就一直被广泛使用，下文介绍了这个词在《韦氏词典》中的释义，人们对该词的看法以及该词的应用。由此可知，第一段的作用是引入关于“irregardless”一词的话题。
6.B　观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Irregardless” is too a word； you just don’t understand dictionaries.可知，麦金太尔认为“irregardless”的确是一个单词，只是我们对词典的理解不够。由此可知，麦金太尔对《韦氏词典》中“irregardless”的出现持支持态度。
7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的So it’s a word， but its use is still discouraged in formal writing.可知，irregardless虽然是一个单词，但不鼓励人们在正式的写作中使用它。
8.D　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了“irregardless”被收录进了《韦氏词典》，引起了广泛的争议，还介绍了这一单词被使用的历史以及人们对此的不同看法。因此，D项（不管你怎么想，“irregardless”是一个单词）是本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着年龄的增长，我们是否还应该维持儿时的友谊？
9.B　上文说到拥有儿时的朋友对心理健康有益，由此推断，设空处说的应该是拥有儿时朋友的益处，故B项符合语境。设空后的form a huge part of who you are与B项中的helped shape you相呼应。
10.G　设空前说到调查结果显示，童年时与朋友待的时间长的男孩到了三十多岁后血压更低，由此可知，儿时的友谊对身体健康也有好处，故G项符合语境。
11.F　设空前说到运动方面的雄心壮志并没有使你成为体坛明星，设空后说到你想干点别的事情，F项符合语境。trainer、fitness与上文中的athletic构成词汇同现。本段中hit it big意为“非常成功”， the brains意为“智力超群的人”。
12.C　设空前说到儿时的朋友会以一成不变的眼光看待我们，设空后说到那些标签会使我们缺乏自信开拓新的领域。由此推断，设空处说的应该是那种一成不变的眼光对我们的负面影响。C项中的box you in意为“阻碍，禁锢”。
13.E　上文说到有时儿时的友谊会妨碍我们的发展，下文说到要珍惜对我们有积极影响的朋友，故E项符合语境。下文It might feel like losing a part of your old self.是对设空处的进一步解释。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了消防员McKenna教一名中学生练习摔跤期间与他结下的深厚友谊。
14.D　根据下文Coach McKenna可知，McKenna在这所学校做兼职教练，他知道当教练会花费很多精力。本空与下文中的Coach是原词复现。
15.C　根据下文McKenna drove Reed to meets and practices、cook healthy meals for the teenager、taught Reed how to drive， manage money可知，McKenna不仅教Reed摔跤，还在生活上照顾他。father-figure意为“父亲般的人，受尊敬的人”。
16.B　根据下文showed him around可知，McKenna到达学校的第一天受到了Reed的欢迎。
17.D　McKenna第一天来到这所学校时，Reed非常热情地带他参观，让McKenna觉得不拘束。
18.A　根据下文I wanted to help make him the best wrestler可推断，Reed有强烈的取得成功的愿望，所以McKenna想帮助他。
19.C　参见上题解析。
20.B　根据下文Coach McKenna ...got him part-time work.可推断，McKenna很快就了解到Reed和他的同学的处境，并帮助他找到了兼职。
21.D　根据上文a low-income area可推断，Reed家经济条件有限。resources在此意为“财力”。low-income与limited构成词汇同现。
22.C　根据下文where he’d cook healthy meals for the teenager可知，McKenna甚至在工作之余为Reed做饭。make time for意为“为……抽出时间”。
23.A　根据上文Louisville， Kentucky及下文中的invited Reed to come with them可推断，McKenna搬家了。
24.D　根据上文McKenna taught Reed how to drive， manage money可知，McKenna在教Reed生活中用到的各种技能，使他学会独立。
25.C　根据下文a full scholarship to Lindsey Wilson College可推断，Reed在高年级时变得出类拔萃。
26.B　根据上文taught Reed how to drive， manage money可知，在McKenna的指导和鼓励下，Reed获得了大学奖学金。guidance与taught、encouragement构成词汇同现。
27.C　根据空后everything McKenna did for him可知，Reed获得大学奖学金、在摔跤比赛中夺冠后，回顾McKenna为他所做的一切。
28.A　根据下文I don’t know where I would be without him可知，Reed对McKenna充满了感激。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了一些英文单词源自汉语的语言现象。
29.that/which　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词several English words，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
30.related　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作表语，应用形容词，表示“有关系的”，故填related。
31.It　考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，句中的真正主语是to believe that ...，故填It。
32.actually　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词，故填actually。
33.was called　考查动词的时态和语态。This sauce与call之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且根据后面的in the 18th century可知，应用一般过去时，故填was called。
34.depending　考查固定搭配。depending on为固定搭配，意为“依附，取决于”，在句中作状语，故填depending。
35.to add　考查非谓语动词。attempt to do sth 表示“尝试做某事”，故填to add。
36.extends　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处是对客观事实的描述，应用一般现在时，又因设空处在句中作谓语，主语为The influence of Chinese on English words，故填extends。
37.elements　考查名词复数。element为可数名词，意为“要素，特色”，在此表泛指，且前面有Many修饰，故填elements。
38.a　考查固定搭配。quite a few为固定搭配，意为“相当多的”，故填a。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款受青少年欢迎的应用程序。
1.A　细节理解题。根据Instagram的介绍可知，这款应用程序的特别之处在于其用户在达到足够的关注者数量后，可以通过推广产品获得一些收入。
2.C　细节理解题。根据Snapchat的介绍可知，在该应用程序上，用户发布的照片或视频在他人看完后会很快被删除，这样设计的初衷是鼓励更自然的互动。
3.D　细节理解题。根据YouTube的介绍可知，这款应用程序已经被青少年普遍作为搜索引擎来使用。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。1547年，西班牙国王给他驻法国的大使发了一封密信。如今，经过近500年的时间，研究人员终于破解了密码，并读懂了这封信。
4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的In 1547， the king of Spain sent a coded （编码的） letter to his ambassador in France.可知，查理五世把信寄给他的大使。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的So Charles Ⅴ used a complicated code to send information that needed to be kept secret.可知，查理五世要寄一封加密的信是因为这封信涉及秘密。
6.B　段落大意题。根据第六段内容可知，本段描述了这封信中编码的模式。
7.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The discovery opens a door to even more history.可推断，未来还会有更多的发现。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了提供更好的服务，Affinia连锁酒店培训员工识别客人的肢体语言。
8.C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段内容可知，Affinia连锁酒店正在培训其员工识别客人的肢体语言，以便更好地了解其需求。
9.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的A guest who makes eye contact while walking down the hall， for example， may be open to conversation.可推知，如果客人与酒店员工对视，酒店员工应该和客人做简单的闲聊。
10.C　代词指代题。根据画线单词所在句中的when they talk about service可知，这里指很多公司将服务设定为电话响铃几次员工才接起来。由此可猜测，it指代的是“服务”。
11.A　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可推知，帕蒂·伍德认为Affinia的训练是一种全新的尝试。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。城市中陌生人不愿意在公众场合进行过多交谈，社会学家Erving Goffman提出了“礼貌性疏忽”这一概念，认为这在社交互动生活中有着积极的影响。
12.B　推理判断题。文章第一段前两句描述了一种社交方式：陌生人在城市公共场所不说话。“我们”貌似越来越沉迷于移动设备。然后末句阐述了社会学家对此的看法。由此推断，第一段通过描述一种社交方式来开始叙述。
13.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文They feel sorry about the way we seem to increasingly get lost in mobile devices可知，“我们”貌似越来越沉迷于移动设备，对于身边发生的事情是不关注的。oblivious to与unaware of为近义词，表示“对……是无意识的”。
14.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，当我们把目光从陌生人身上移开时，我们实际上是在表达对他人隐私的尊重。
15.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段及最后一段第一句可知，礼貌性疏忽的结果是我们都心照不宣地同意让对方去做他们喜欢做的事，它是维护公共社会秩序的重要组成部分。因此，礼貌性疏忽对社会互动有积极影响。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。义愤填膺，如何是好？试试同理心，换个角度，你将不再被愤怒牵着走。
16.D　第二段中的The second提示了此处应为The first kind，且D项中的sudden anger与下文中的sudden anger为原词复现，故D项（第一种我称之为突发的怒气）符合语境。
17.C　逗号后面的even for days or weeks解释了C项中的lasts much longer；此处与上一段末句中的disappear after a few minutes形成比较照应。比较照应指的是通过形容词和副词的比较等级形式以及其他一些有比较意义的词语表示的照应关系。
18.B　设空处与其上一句为并列关系，共同构成了上文中的you did have a reason to be upset的原因。B项（那封邮件的确做了不实的断言）符合语境。
19.A　A项中的they指代设空处上一句中的the other people； A项中的totally wrong与设空处下一句中的something valid形成转折；根据设空处下一句中的However也可再次确定这种转折关系。
20.E　E项中的It helps you ...与设空处上一句中的it helps you ...结构一致，这两句描述了拥有同理心后的好处。
Ⅲ.
　　Good morning， dear judges.I’m Candidate No.1.I am here to compete for the Young Ambassador for Cultural Exchange.
　　What distinguishes me from others is not only my rich experience but also my great enthusiasm.I have been in several international camps， from which I have acquired not only knowledge and skills but also a keen awareness of the importance of cultural exchange.
　　If accepted， I will be offered a perfect chance to broaden my horizons and spread our splendid traditional culture.I sincerely hope I can have the privilege.Thank you！
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.rejected　2.recite　3.handwriting　4.contest
5.vocabulary　6.tolerate　7.pessimistic　8.oppose
9.slipped　10.pure
维度二
1.fluently　2.tendency　3.sincerely　4.intention
5.cooperation　6.preference 　7.embarrassed　8.behaviour
维度三
1.Given that it’s raining outside
2.integrates Chinese and Western architectural styles
3.the fewer mistakes you will make
4.While/Although/Though we are confident in ourselves
5.It was not until the next day that
维度四
1.Borrowed　2.happens　3.to integrate　4.speakers
5.who　6.adopting　7.purity　8.welcoming　9.about　10.tendency
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于变色龙效应的研究，告诉我们人们通过习得他人的行为来拉近彼此之间的距离。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的people acquire the behaviour of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth可知，人们为了与他人建立联系，会习得他人的行为。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的The individuals weren’t aware of ... to ensure unconscious acts.可知，实验者用一张照片吸引参与者的注意力来保证他们的无意识行为。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的It has shown that when someone copies our behaviour， we develop more positive feelings about them.可推断出，实验表明，人们倾向于那些喜欢模仿自己行为的人。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中对变色龙效应的定义可知，随着时间的推移，丈夫和妻子有相似的行为是变色龙效应，这是因为他们经常在一起相处，会无意识地互相模仿。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与他人拥有一段健康且长久的关系。
5.A　下文介绍的是要想与他人拥有一段健康且长久的关系，就不要向对方撒谎，要以诚相待，A项（对他们要诚实）与下文内容一致，符合语境。
6.F　根据空前后内容可知，本段内容告诉我们要尊重同伴，不要只考虑自己，要学会适应他们的喜好，F项（总的来说，学会研究同伴的情绪、需要和需求）能够承接上下文，符合语境。
7.D　根据下文可知，本段内容告诉我们要带给同伴积极的能量，让他们觉得我们是可以依赖的人，D项（确保你在鼓励你的同伴）能够概括段落主旨，符合语境。
8.C　上文告诉我们要想与他人拥有一段健康且长久的关系，笑很重要，C项（笑能让你们的关系更牢固、更持久）能够承接上文，进一步阐述笑的重要性。
9.G　根据上文可知，本段内容告诉我们要与同伴进行良好的沟通，即使是一些令你不快的事，也要与他们交谈，而不是尖叫，G项（如果他们做了让你不开心的事情，请以一种尊重的方式告诉他们）能够承接上文，继续讲述如何与同伴沟通。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了高中生Vigil带他的奶奶参加的校园舞会。
10.B　根据下文对Vigil带Jarman去参加舞会的描述可知，他计划给自己的奶奶留下一个难忘的回忆。
11.C　根据下文Why don’t you just take Grandma to the prom？可知，Vigil学校的舞会即将来临。带奶奶去参加他的校园舞会是他的妹妹给他提的建议。
12.A　参见上题解析。
13.A　根据下文the teenager asked his granny if ...prom of her life可知，Jarman从未参加过舞会。
14.D　根据下文students ...under 20可知，这是学校的规定。
15.B　由于学校规定学生们只能带二十岁以下的舞伴，因此Vigil先联系了学校校长，问他自己能不能带奶奶去参加舞会。
16.B　根据下文Vigil把奶奶带到舞会现场可知，校长批准了他的请求。于是他询问奶奶是否愿意参加学校的舞会，奶奶接受了他的邀请。
17.D　参见上题解析。
18.B　参见第16题解析。
19.A　根据上文的students could only have partners under 20可知，其他学生都带着和自己年龄相仿的舞伴。
20.C　起初Vigil内心有点忐忑，不知道他的同学看到他带着自己的奶奶参加舞会作何反应。
21.D　之后看到同学们都很欢迎奶奶，他松了口气。
22.C　根据下文的She almost had me crying可知，Vigil的奶奶随着音乐一起唱这件事让他很受触动。
23.B　根据语境可知，Vigil的妈妈看到他努力想办法让奶奶开心，为他感到自豪。
24.A　根据语境可知，Vigil说：“奶奶是我最好的朋友，所以我想为她做一些特别的事情。”
Ⅳ.
　　Isabel told Amy not to jump around so much because the birds would be scared by her sudden movements.Amy calmed down， but she was shaking.Isabel asked Amy to just think about the birds.They carried each cage up to the reptile house.Some birds beat their wings when they felt the wind.Isabel spoke comfortingly to them， and they soon grew calmer.Amy watched in awe and tried to imitate Isabel.Finally， they finished relocating the birds and waited inside the reptile house for the storm to stop.
　　After several hours， the storm stopped， and Mrs Moreno was able to return to the center.She expressed concern that she’d left them alone for so long， but Mr Garza told her that Isabel’s cool thinking had saved the birds.Mrs Moreno looked at her daughter proudly.She asked Isabel how she could be so confident and courageous.Isabel said all she could think about was how scared the birds must have felt in their cages， and she just took charge.Isabel paused a second and added she felt proud of herself.
UNIT 3　Careers and skills
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.salary　2.attained　3.hired　4.passion　5.zones
6.servants　7.clerk　8.labour　9.prejudice（s）
维度二
1.receptionist　2.financially　3.operation　4.attainable
5.consultants　6.leadership
维度三
1.artificial intelligence will be superior to human intelligence
2.Wherever you go
3.made it possible for more people to work at home
4.Not only can he speak English
维度四
1.be attained　2.to be　3.achievement　4.providing
5.circumstances　6.to　7.chosen　8.personally　9.who　10.that
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了对新工作不安的苏珊克服负面情绪的故事。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Susan reached out to ...wrestled with the change.可知，苏珊在从事新工作几周后联系了作者，她在努力应对这一变化。由此可知，苏珊在努力适应她的新工作。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，考虑到苏珊担心的事情，她们决定需要从大处着手，借助让她接触新事物的机会，直接解决她的恐惧。
3.D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的It hasn’t been a smooth path ...she continues to sew.可知，苏珊学习缝纫的过程并不顺利。根据it all felt too hard和选项可知，苏珊因为缝纫太难而想“发怒”，即画线部分意为“发怒，发脾气”。
4.B　细节理解题。通读第四段可知，通过收集来自苏珊同事的高质量反馈，苏珊取得了小小的进步，这样也减少了她对短期内丢掉工作的忧虑。由此可知，经此之后，苏珊没有那么担心丢掉工作了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。风力发电对环境有益，但目前许多风力涡轮机的叶片使用完后都被填埋了，对环境造成一定危害。如何解决这一难题？研究人员带来了好消息。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Many spent turbine blades are piling up in landfills.可知，许多风力涡轮机的叶片使用完后都被填埋了，不能循环利用。由此可知，对环境的负面影响是它的一个弊端。本句中的spent意为“用过的，失去效力的”。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的you can make a blade out of it.You heat it to a certain temperature， and it melts back down.You can get the liquid resin back and reuse that可知，Derek的话主要说明了热塑性树脂是如何被循环利用的。
7.D　观点态度题。根据文章结尾Hopefully， recent progress will help make wind power even greener.可推知，作者对风能的未来持乐观态度。
8.A　主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了美国的风力能源使用情况，接着向读者抛出了一个问题：风力涡轮机的叶片是否存在垃圾处理问题？第二段最后一句引出了本文的主要内容；再根据第三段首句可知，本文主要介绍了一个制作环保的涡轮机叶片的新方法，旨在解决目前的难题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。职业对我们的影响很大。在开始探索职业领域之前，我们应明确自己的价值观、兴趣和能力。对自己了解得越多，我们就越有能力选择一份满意的职业。
9.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，对自己了解得越多，你就越有能力选择一份满意的职业。
10.B　词义猜测题。画线词后面that引导的定语从句表明aptitudes是让人们能够胜任今后工作的某些品质；再结合下文中的Most people are happiest with jobs that fit their values， interests， and skills.可知，aptitudes应该与skills意义相近。abilities （能力）和skills意义相近。
11.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Most people are happiest with jobs that fit their values， interests， and skills.可推知，在作者看来，能满足人的内在需要的职业才是理想的职业。
12.D　段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句及下文所举的例子可知，本段主要介绍了了解自己价值观的方法。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了高中生为了实现未来职业成功能够采取的措施。
13.G　空前一句说明了高中是开始为职业作出考虑的好时候。空后一句指出：这份清单介绍了你现在可以采取的一些措施，助你实现长期的职业成功。G项（利用这段时间探索职业机会并缩小选择范围是明智的）符合语境，G项中的this time与空前一句中的High school is a great time相呼应。
14.D　空前的小标题指出：完成好你的学业。空后一句说明了要按计划完成学业，对截止日期提前作出规划。D项（现在不是远离学业的时候）符合语境，D项中的schoolwork既与小标题中的school assignments相呼应，又与空后一句中的schoolwork构成原词复现。
15.C　上文说明了你要思考未来想从事什么样的工作。你喜欢和很多人待在一起，还是更喜欢一个人？你喜欢忙碌的办公室工作，还是更喜欢户外工作？C项（一个好的职业选择是“符合”你的个性和兴趣的）符合语境，C项中的personality和interests分别与设空处前的两个问句相呼应。
16.F　上文指出：你可以通过尝试实习工作或见习机会，尽早开始职业探索，这些在职训练能让你亲自接触你感兴趣的领域。下文说明了你可以提出问题，了解他们面临的挑战，并学习他们的经验。F项（此外，你将有机会结识专业人士，他们从事的正是你想做的工作）符合语境，F项中的professionals与空后一句中的they和their相呼应。
17.B　设空处为段落小标题，概括段落的主要内容。下文主要说明了父母能为你的重要决定出谋划策，他们能帮你更清楚地分析情况，在你解决问题时提供支持。B项（和父母谈谈你的未来计划）符合语境，B项中的parents与下文中的parents构成原词复现。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas.
2.That many students are addicted to computer games has become a hot issue./It has become a hot issue that many students are addicted to computer games.
3.The question worrying the public is whether ways will be found to stop pollution.
4.He hasn’t decided when he will leave home to make his fortune in big cities.
维度二
1.what they want
2.where the secret lies
3.what I intend to stress is that
4.that pleasant smells might reduce pain
维度三
1.that　2.what　3.Who　4.whether　5.What　6.that
7.how　8.that　9.that　10.whether
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了格特鲁德·B.埃利恩的求学经历和其令人印象深刻的职业生涯，以及她最终取得的成就。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的an unbelievable thirst for knowledge可知，作为一名高中生，埃利恩有强烈的求知欲。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句并结合下文她与希钦斯博士一起研究患病细胞的化学成分来制造药物可以推断，埃利恩选择在大学里学习化学的原因是：要创造药物去治疗疾病。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Elion 26岁时在Burroughs Wellcome & Company工作；根据文章首句可知，他出生于1918年。由此可以推断，埃利恩在1944年开始为该公司工作。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者主要讲述了埃利恩所获得的荣誉。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根的生平及其她为航空事业作出的巨大贡献。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，在二战时，玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根从事武器的化学分析工作；根据第三段第一句可知，在战后，由于对武器需求的减少，她转而为北美航空公司工作。据此可知，由于国内需求的变化，她转移了工作重心。
6.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的moving to California to work for NAA （North American Aviation） 可知，玛丽搬到了加利福尼亚州为北美航空公司工作；结合画线词的前缀aero可知，她转向的是航空领域。因此画线词意为“设计和制造飞机”。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Her experience with ...leader on the project.可知，由于她在推进剂研究方面有着丰富的经验，摩根被任命为项目技术领导者。
8.B　推理判断题。根据第二段尾句可知，玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根暂时搁置了学位课程，到俄亥俄州从事危险的不稳定化学物质分析工作，据此可以推知，她很勇敢；根据第四段尾句可知，她进行了无数次试验，终于成功发明Hydyne，据此可以推知，她具有创造力。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学校帮助学生为未来做好准备的几种方式。
9.F　上文指出：面对充满未知的未来，学生该如何做好应对准备呢？下文介绍了学校可以通过四种方式帮助学生为未来做好准备，故F项符合语境。
10.D　空前一句指出：许多老师都持有一种态度：“只能听我的”，这种态度会给学生带来负面影响。空后一句说明了他们可以对班级甚至教学大纲产生重大影响。故D项（有时解决办法很简单：让学生占据主导地位）符合语境。设空处前一句中的negatively impacts与D项中的solution相呼应，设空处后一句中的They指代D项中的students。
11.A　下文主要说明了学校可以根据特定情境来激发学生的好奇心。例如，课外活动可以帮助学生打破日常单调的学习生活。故A项符合语境，A项中的curious与下文中出现两次的curiosity以及出现一次的curious构成原词复现。
12.B　空后一句指出：当不同的人被聚在一起展开合作时，多种独特的想法就能变成更大的成就。故B项（每个人都有自己的独特之处）符合语境，B项中的unique与设空处后一句中的unique构成原词复现。
13.G　上文说明了在未来的工作场所中，有效沟通是至关重要的。充分沟通想法的能力会产生更好的工作关系。故G项（因此，教会学生进行有效沟通是必需的）符合语境，与上文构成因果关系，G项中的communicate effectively与上文中的Effective communication相呼应。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为志愿者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪的经历，这段经历使作者领悟到一些道理。
14.D　根据第一段可知，在2020年，作者自愿加入了一家新成立的社会企业。
15.C　根据下文中的a visually impaired trainee chef可知，该企业为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供烹饪课程。
16.A　根据空后的with people可知，此处表示和人们之间的互动。
17.B　根据语境可知，作者全程应是忙着的。
18.D　根据常识可知，幕后工作应是很快就变得无聊了。
19.C　根据上文We called ourselves “sighted assistants”可知，作者作为助手应是为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供帮助，即每个人都匹配了一名厨师。
20.D　根据常识可知，作者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪，此处应该表示去厨房。
21.B　根据下文可知，当有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪时，他们会遇到很多问题，而志愿者在身边会确保他们的安全。
22.C　根据空后的the position of the sink可知，此处表示弄清楚洗碗槽的位置。leave out不包括；miss out遗漏；point out指出。
23.A　根据空后的boiling and hot objects及常识可知，此处表示避免接触沸腾和热的物体。
24.A　根据空后的how difficult life can be when you are 　25　 or completely blind可知，通过此次志愿者经历，作者理解了视觉障碍者的生活是多么艰难。
25.B　根据空后表示选择关系的or可知，和他们在一起让作者真正体会到当部分或完全失明时，生活会多么艰难。
26.C　根据上文how difficult life can be when you are 　25　 or completely blind可知，失明使生活不容易，因此生活中的每一个小任务都需要巨大的努力。
27.A　根据文章内容可知，作者意识到有很多残疾人。
28.D　此处与上文的how difficult life can be相呼应，作者认为我们不缺少方法让这些人的生活变得更容易。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工匠精神在英国一直备受推崇。
29.perfection　考查词形转换。空处作介词of的宾语，故填名词perfection。
30.finely　考查词形转换。空处作状语，修饰made，应用副词，故填finely，意为“精巧地”。
31.a　考查冠词。设空处表泛指，且turning的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
32.was led　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，这场运动是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，又因It（the Arts and Crafts movement）与lead之间为被动关系，故填was led。
33.to maintain　考查非谓语动词。fight to do sth表示“努力做某事”，故填to maintain。
34.producing　考查非谓语动词。空处作介词of的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，故填producing。
35.traditional　考查词形转换。空处作定语，修饰English craftsmanship，故填形容词traditional，意为“传统的”。
36.on/upon　考查固定搭配。be based on/upon为固定搭配，意为“根据……，以……为基础”。
37.that/which　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词the molten （熔化的） brass，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
38.brands　考查名词复数。brand是可数名词，在此表泛指，且前面无冠词，句中的谓语为are driving，故填其复数形式brands。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个岗位的用工要求和薪资待遇。
1.A　细节理解题。根据 Care and Support Workers部分中的￡7.50 per hour to ￡10.00 per hour可知，护理及支援人员是按小时支付报酬的。
2.D　细节理解题。根据Finance Assistant部分中的City of Bristol和Closing date：20 December可知，Bristol市适合那些在12月份寻找工作的人。
3.A　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四个岗位的基本信息。由此可知，本文最有可能来自招聘手册。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来在中国的年轻人中兴起的“斜杠生活”。
4.B　细节理解题。根据文章首句可知，“斜杠青年”更可能从事多种职业。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，二人都不顾老一辈人的反对，坚持自己的音乐梦想。
6.C　目的意图题。文章最后一段分析了“斜杠生活”兴起背后的经济和社会原因。由此可推知，最后一段的目的是从现象中得出结论。
7.D　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段的总结升华可知，文章主要介绍了中国的年轻人所追求的“斜杠生活”，这种趋势让职场人仍可以追逐他们的梦想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了“软技能”对于事业成功的重要性。
8.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可推知，精通英语属于“硬技能”。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，很多雇主很渴望这些“软技能”。
10.D　标题归纳题。根据第一段第二句、第三段最后一句、第四段第一句和第五段第一、二句可知，本文主要讲述“软技能”对你的职场成功发挥着重要作用。故D项为文章最佳标题。
11.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的but soft skills don’t come naturally可知，“软技能”并不是天生的，是需要培养的。由此可知，接下来作者可能会讲到如何培养“软技能”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了校园商店“职业衣橱”给学生带来的好处。
12.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可知，“职业衣橱”主要提供的是职业装；根据常识可知，职业装一般是优雅的时装。因此stylish意为“高雅的”，和elegant意思相近。
13.D　目的意图题。根据第三段中的Career Closets aim to address the need for students on limited budgets to have professional clothing可知，“职业衣橱”的目的是帮助资金有限的学生获得商务套装。
14.B　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Margaret Sykes对“职业衣橱”的态度是支持的。
15.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了校园商店“职业衣橱”给学生带来的好处。故C项为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者选择职业的过程。
16.G　空后一句提到了一个知道作者阅读习惯的人。故G项（我们镇上的图书管理员，特内夫人，对我成为现在的我真的很重要）符合语境。G项中的Mrs T nne对应空后的she。
17.C　空前一句提到学校的图书管理员把作者的诗寄给了杂志（社），由此可知，本句是在说明结果：作者第一次出版了作品。故C项（我第一次出版的作品！）符合语境。
18.D　空后一句提到作者只有和认识的人在一起才很外向，由此可知，作者害怕采访他人。故D项（我害怕采访别人）符合语境。
19.A　根据空前一句可知，作者十年后再次回到了曾经实习过的《读者文摘》（杂志社）做编辑，由此可推知，A项（回家的路很长）符合语境。
20.F　下文列举的故事让作者想起了自己的经历，故F项（这一期中的故事似乎将我自己介绍给了你们）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
Dear Eric，
　　I totally understand what you’re going through since I felt the same last year.In my opinion， career confusion is natural and can even be good.It pushes us to think about our options， explore opportunities， and eventually reach a well-thought-out decision.
　　My anxiety has been reduced after I sought career guidance from professionals， which can also help you.Besides， bear in mind that hobbies matter.You can turn your favourite activities into a career and transfer your skills.
　　I hope my advice can be helpful.Please keep me updated.
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.delay　2.rainbow　3.temporary　4.convey　5.seize
6.candidates　7.profile　8.loan　9.applicants　10.genuine
维度二
1.corporation　2.firmly　3.application　4.priority
5.rudeness　6.criteria　7.commercial　8.refreshed
维度三
1.When and where to hold a basketball match hasn’t
2.did go abroad
3.Prior to making a decision
4.when praised
维度四
1.applicant　2.to　3.preparations　4.what　5.refreshed　6.duration　7.interviewer　8.which　9.greeting
10.to seize
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师的摄影体验。为了拍出优秀的照片，他付出了很多，其中不乏艰辛，当然也有收获和遗憾。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的To make some of my landscape shots ...the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.可知，作者和他的朋友们到州立公园或乡村去拍摄，以此来应对中西部缺少地理多样性的挑战。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，恰当的地点和恰当的时间对于拍摄任何风格的照片都起着决定性的作用。由此可知，作者认为风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的However， we did not mark the route ...it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.可知，作者他们几乎完全错过了日落，之后安置拍摄设备的时间就非常有限了，也就是说他们到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，虽然有准备不充分和时间管理不明智等方面的遗憾，作者依然认为这是一些自己拍摄的最好的照片。由此可推知，作者对自己拍摄的照片很满意。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何应对忙碌给出了一些建议。
5.F　根据设空处前的but these attempts don’t always work可知，F项内容承接上文进一步解释，指出相关的书并不是都很管用，反而会让你变得更忙碌。
6.B　根据设空处前的when a new lane is added to a motorway可知选B项，B项中的The extra capacity与上文所述的新加一条车道相呼应。
7.D　上一段提到the potential supply of new tasks，空后提到Social expectations do， too.，故D项符合语境，D项中的work承接上文；not just引出下文。
8.A　根据上文可知，生产力的提高意味着我们可以做更多的工作，但是我们会发现，要做的事情总是比我们拥有的时间多。A项符合语境，与上文为因果关系。正因为要做的事情比拥有的时间多，所以我们总要做艰难的选择。
9.C　根据设空处后的Otherwise可知，做选择的时候，要明明白白，否则事后还是会让自己陷于忙碌之中。故C项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”的父母因故未能参加“我”的音乐剧演出，为此“我”耿耿于怀，但妈妈的肯定使“我”很快就释然了。
10.C　根据下文This was the second grade play.可知，为了那晚的成果展示，“我”准备了好几周。
11.D　根据空后的to be the shining star in my class’s performance可知，“我”已准备好做全班最耀眼的明星。
12.B　根据下文My parents wouldn’t be attending the musical.可知，唯一的问题就是“我”父母不能来观看“我”的音乐剧表演。
13.C　根据下文her surgery可知，“我”的妈妈生病了。
14.A　根据下文we all filed onto the stage.The show began可知，那个重要的时刻很快就到来了。
15.D　根据空后的as my classmates stumbled （不顺畅地说） through their lines可知，“我”听同学们说着他们的台词。
16.B　此处意为：终于轮到“我”了。
17.A　根据上文standing next to me可知，“我”旁边的小孩小心翼翼地把麦克风递给“我”。
18.D　根据语境可知，开始说台词前“我”深深地吸了一口气。
19.B　根据上文I noticed the microphone was not turned on可知，当“我”开始说话时，发现麦克风没开，“我”因此而感到尴尬。
20.B　根据上文I then said my line as quickly as possible.可知，当看到该“我”说台词的那段时，“我”很紧张。
21.C　根据上文I noticed the microphone was not turned on ...I then said my line as quickly as possible和下文she told me how proud可知，妈妈并没有对“我”感到失望，她对“我”的处事不惊感到自豪。
22.D　参见上题解析。
23.A　根据下文convinced myself that I had done an amazing job under the given circumstances可知，“我”立刻感到很轻松了。
24.C　根据上文My parents wouldn’t be attending the musical.可知，妈妈的话让“我”很开心，“我”几乎已经忘记她没能参加“我”的演出了。
Ⅳ.
　　Feeling that country life might turn out okay， I wandered off， taking my violin with me.Suddenly I heard something I wasn’t expecting — a beautiful， jazzy tune.I pushed through some corn only to come face-to-face with a cow.Then another hot jazz riff floated through the air.I turned around and saw a tall kid playing an old saxophone in a field of corn.His music was fantastic， and he didn’t dress the way I figured a country kid would.This guy was wearing clothes that made him look cool， like a famous performer.
　　I couldn’t resist， so I took out my violin and began to play along.The boy looked surprised， but he didn’t miss a beat.We played together， and by the end， a cow was tapping her tail to the rhythm.When we finished， we introduced ourselves to each other and became friends.We also decided to write songs together.I looked at my new friend， the cheerful cow and tall corn.I could feel my thoughts about country life already changing， and I had a feeling it would change a lot more.
UNIT 4　Never too old to learn
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.refreshed　2.self-worth　3.educator　4.composition
5.blank　6.registered　7.concrete　8.abstract　9.objective
10.ceased
维度二
1.Assuming　2.resolution　3.registration　4.compositions
5.subscription　6.criticism　7.inquiry　8.comprehension
维度三
1.subscribe to an English newspaper
2.The problem to be discussed at the next meeting
3.It was last summer that
4.make all the kids happy
5.so that he could buy his mother a present
6.where I stayed for three years
维度四
1.it　2.changing　3.to　4.experiences　5.to grow　6.an　7.and　8.simply　9.what　10.be applied
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企业越来越重视员工的学习能力的现象。
1.C　目的意图题。根据第一段内容可知，就寻找、保住工作而言，有一项技能变得越来越重要，即学习能力。Eric Schmidt曾谈到谷歌的招聘重点是寻找“学习型动物”，即能够主动学习的人。作者通过介绍谷歌的招聘理念，举例说明了企业认为学习能力是一项重要的技能。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后三句可知，很多雇主通常都不愿意培训员工，因为这些员工在接受了昂贵的培训且获得技能后，可能会跳槽到竞争对手处。但Gail Jackson持有不同的观点，她曾说：“与其不培训员工并把他们留在公司，还不如让员工接受培训后再离开。”由此可推知，“这种态度”是指企业应该在员工培训方面作出投资。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Satya Nadella在接任微软总裁时，为公司文化制定了一个新方向。他借鉴了一位心理学教授的观点，改进了其绩效评估标准，包括评估员工是如何向他人学习并应用所学知识的。由此可推知，Satya Nadella上任后，在企业内推广了一种学习型文化。
4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，AT & T面临着两大劳动力问题，该公司的应对措施是一项宏伟的计划：重新培训自己的员工。该公司开发了一些短期课程，员工能利用自己的时间来学习新技能。由此可知，AT & T的应对方法是培训现有员工学习新技能。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。十六世纪意大利工程师Agostino Ramelli设计的一个复杂而奇妙的装置——书轮，现如今由来自罗彻斯特理工大学的学生们将其变为了现实。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，Ramelli设计了很多精巧的装置。由此可推知，他头脑活跃，富有创造力。
6.C　段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了一群来自罗彻斯特理工大学的学生将Ramelli描述的书轮变为现实。
7.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，Galbraith认为Ramelli是为了当时要相互参照书籍的需求而量身打造的书轮。本段中的Lazy Susan意为“餐桌转盘”。
8.D　写作目的题。本文主要讲述了罗彻斯特理工大学的学生们将意大利工程师Ramelli设计的书轮变为现实这一故事。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语学习者最常犯的几个错误。
9.E　上文说明了全球大约有十亿英语学习者，但是要流利地使用英语并非易事。根据下文四个小标题可知，E项（下面是英语学习者最常犯的一些错误）符合语境。
10.A　空前一句指出：在英语中，很多形容词在意思和形式上都很相似，比如bored/boring和interested/interesting。下文指出结果，英语学习者一不小心就会用错。A项（这几对词语仅相差几个字母）符合语境，与下文构成因果关系。A项中的These pairs指代设空处前一句中列举的两对形容词。
11.F　空前一句指出：在许多语言中，宾格代词（例如him和her）和物主代词（例如his和hers）是相同的。F项以西班牙语进行举例说明，符合语境。F项中的both translated as “su libro”与设空处前一句中的the same相呼应。
12.C　上文指出：在许多语言中，你只需要在句子末尾加一个问号，就能把陈述句变成疑问句。C项（但在英语中，要想构成疑问句，通常需要改变词序）符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。C项中的word order与小标题中的word order构成原词复现。
13.D　上文说明了英语中有三个冠词：“the”“an”和“a”，英语老师都清楚的一点是，很难解释清楚冠词使用的准确规则，况且还有很多特殊用法。D项（对于母语中没有冠词的学习者来说，这点尤其困难）符合语境。D项中的articles与小标题中的article和上文中的articles构成原词复现。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.⑤　2.④　3.②③⑥　4.①
维度二
1.while what she said is true
2.which cost him a well-paid job
3.However/No matter how busy we are
4.since I was five
5.or you will be late
6.There is no doubt that
7.There is a small pool
维度三
1.when　2.otherwise/or　3.are　4.or　5.which
6.Although/Though/While　7.but　8.which
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一家公司研发的微型博物馆，旨在让更多人有机会参观博物馆，让学习在不经意间发生。
1.D　词义猜测题。第三段首句衔接第二段内容，make a splash与第二段末句中的earned high praise from almost everyone及第三段首句中的has some attention-drawing aspects意义相近，意为“引起很大关注”。
2.A　推理判断题。作者在第二段末句提出问题：到底是什么让该博物馆赢得大众的普遍赞誉？第三段是为解释该问题服务的；第三段谈到该博物馆为了向人们解释软体动物的奥秘下了大功夫，还谈到其选址的独特性：由于规格较小，可以随时移动，可在公共机构设置此类博物馆。
3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的MICRO seeks to make exhibits more accessible in places with fewer museums.可知，MICRO选址时更倾向于考虑博物馆比较少的地方，以满足这些区域的人们对展览的需求。
4.A　标题归纳题。文章介绍了MICRO公司的微型博物馆，旨在让更多人有机会参观博物馆，让学习在不经意间发生。A项作标题最能概括文意。A项中的Tiny Museums指MICRO公司开发的这种自动售货机大小的博物馆，Big Ideas指MICRO公司的愿景。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。为了负担得起成为一名全日制学生，作者开始做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告，只能选择暂时停止上学，继续工作。后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的决定感到后悔。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者得到了经济援助，能够负担得起入学费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用，但负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。由此可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。
6.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，作者很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，因此在机场的第一个夜班，作者就要清理各种大小的飞机。由此可知，画线词意为“清理”。
7.A　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。在秋季学期结束时，作者因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告。作者又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不作出决定。作者想去上学，取得优异成绩，但也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己。由此可推知，作者很困惑。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者为工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了自己的教育，现在作者将既没有工作也没有教育。作者终于明白了祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的。由此可推知，学校教育的重要性应该得到承认。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章为有意打暑期工的学生提供了一些建议。
9.F　根据本段主题句可知，本段内容围绕resume 展开。设空处下一句中的also提示设空处与空后一句为递进关系，F项（去学校职业服务中心寻求简历方面的帮助）及设空处下一句“你也可以使用免费的网络工具轻松创建一份简历”为制作简历的两种方法。故F项符合语境。
10.D　根据本段小标题及设空处下一句可知，本段围绕毕业之后正式就业的事情展开。D项（你大学毕业后想要做什么？）与本段主题相符，建议读者在找暑期工作时，应该将眼光放长远些，最好找对以后正式就业有帮助的职位，为以后的正式就业打基础。
11.B　设空处上一句中的drop by、B项、设空处下一句中的give your 30-second speech为按照时间顺序发生的三个动作，这一连串动作将上下文衔接起来。
12.A　设空处为本段小标题，结合本段内容可知，本段围绕“工作推荐人、介绍人”展开。A项符合语境。A项中的references与本段中的references构成原词复现；本段中的former bosses、current mentors是references的具体人选。
13.G　G项中的can’t find something immediately与设空处下一句中的Keep looking for opportunities形成反义关系，将上下文衔接起来。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生教小学生阅读，在此过程中，双方的阅读水平都得到了提升。
14.D　根据下文the front desk和she’ll be teaching second-and third-graders可知，Mikala在前台登记后，走到教室。
15.B　参见上题解析。
16.C　根据上文a senior at Eastern High和下文back in the ninth grade可知，Mikala现在是高中生，因此她从九年级开始这份工作。末段中的when she started almost four years ago也是提示。
17.B　根据上文Mikala， a senior at Eastern High和空后的like her可知，这里指像Mikala一样的高中生。
18.D　根据空后两句可知，这是两个方面，表示Reach这个非营利机构既帮助读写能力差的学生，与此同时也让教他们的老师（高年级的学生）受益。
19.C　根据上文to be reading tutors for elementary school students可知，此处指华盛顿特区公立学校三分之二的学生在上高中时，不具备与年级水平相对应的阅读或写作能力。
20.B　破折号后的by giving them the tools to teach younger kids解释说明其前的内容，因此，Reach帮助这些高年级学生成为更好的阅读者。这里体现的是“教学相长”的思想，即教别人的同时也提升了自己。
21.C　根据上文trains high school ...to be reading tutors for elementary school students可知，很显然，这里的教师项目是将低年级和高年级学生进行配对。
22.A　根据该空后的But most以及接下来介绍Reach的不同做法可知，类似这种配对的教师项目很常见。
23.C　下文Most of the teenage tutors ...reading between the fourth-and sixth-grade level.是解答本题的关键信息，同类项目中的青少年教师都成绩优秀，而Reach开展的这个项目中，所选的青少年教师本身阅读水平并不高，因此四个选项中只有high-achieving与之构成对比，符合语境。
24.A　冒号后的内容具体介绍Reach的做法。turn sth on its head意为“颠倒某事物预期的顺序”。
25.D　根据上文this work、a tutoring program、Tutoring programs可知，此处指这个教师项目。
26.B　根据tutors和training并结合上文trains high school ...可知，这些教师都是高中生，且阅读水平并不是很高，因此他们要接受读写能力指导的培训。
27.A　根据下文role models可知，这些教师被定位为榜样。
28.A　reading a lot more thSection Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Don’t ignore the difference teenagers can make.
　　John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida
　　When John Michael Thomas decided to honor his friend and classmate Elizabeth Buckley， who died from cancer， he remembered how much she loved peacocks （孔雀）.He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.He thought it could be a place for people to relax and be inspired.John Michael raised 52，000 to build the fountain.
　　Barrett Smith， 13， Utah
　　The wheels began to turn for Barrett Smith when he heard about Karma Bike Shop， a place where young people can earn free bikes by reading and performing community service.
　　Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.
　　He expected to get about 10 donated bikes.In the end， Barrett received 39.
　　Zachary Blohm， 15， Wisconsin
　　The 25-year-old playground at an elementary school near Milwaukee， Wisconsin was so small that only 70 of its 575 students could play on it at a time.
　　That’s when Zachary Blohm saved the day （扭转局面）.He and some volunteers wanted to build a huge playground.To raise money， Zachary planned T-shirt and bake sales， sold tickets and more.He held monthly money-raising events for more than a year.Overall， he collected 130，000 — enough to finish his project.
　　Jack Zimmerman， 16， New Jersey
　　For some people， finding a meal is as simple as opening the refrigerator.For more than 366，000 hungry kids in New Jersey， it’s not that easy.
　　That fact didn’t sit well with Jack Zimmerman， who organized a drive to lessen childhood hunger in his state.His goal： Create 40，000 packaged meals that could be donated to those in need.
　　On game day， Jack and his volunteers started their work.After the final count， the team had packaged 47，124 meals — well above Jack’s goal.
1.The peacock fountain was built in a park 　　　.（　　）
A.to encourage people
B.to cure a cancer sufferer
C.to protect the animals
D.to cherish the memory of a teenager
2.What did Barrett do for Karma Bike Shop？（　　）
A.He repaired bikes there.
B.He donated bikes to it.
C.He helped it win customers.
D.He offered a reading service there.
3.What do the four people have in common？（　　）
A.They’re top students.
B.They like various public activities.
C.They are concerned about others.
D.They are money raisers for the poor.
B
　　（2024·江苏扬州高二统考期中）The history of humankind is littered with crafty and seasoned liars.Lying， it turns out， is something that most of us are highly skilled in.We lie with ease， in ways big and small， to strangers， co-workers， friends， and loved ones.Being dishonest is woven into our very fabric， so that it would be truthful to say that to lie is human.
　　Like learning to walk and talk， lying is something of a developmental milestone.While parents often find their children’s lies troubling — for they signal the beginning of a loss of innocence — Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.
　　To study lying in children， Lee and his colleagues use a simple experiment.They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.The sound played has nothing to do with the toy.“So you play Beethoven， but the toy’s a car，” Lee explains.The experimenter leaves the room， using the excuse of taking a phone call — a lie for the sake of science — and asks the child not to peek at the toy.Returning， the experimenter asks the child for the answer， following up with the question：“Did you peek or not？”
　　Most children can’t resist peeking.The percentage of the children who peek and then provide false statements about it depends on their age.Among two-year-old， only 30 per cent are mendacious.Among three-year-old， 50 per cent lie.And by eight， about 80 per cent claim they didn’t peek.
　　What drives this increase in lying is the development of a child’s ability to put himself or herself in someone else’s shoes.Known as theory of mind， this is the facility we acquire for understanding the beliefs， intentions， and knowledge of others.What then might be the best way to block the rapid advance of untruths into our lives？ The answer isn’t clear.Technology has opened up a new frontier for dishonesty， adding a 21st-century twist to the age-old problem.
4.What can we learn about the human tendency to lie？（　　）
A.It is a rare occurrence.
B.It is part of human nature.
C.It emerges in adulthood.
D.It results from human greed.
5.Which statement will Kang Lee probably agree with？（　　）
A.Children who lie are more likely to fail.
B.Parents should prevent children from lying.
C.Lying in children suggests a normal growth.
D.Lying is a sign of a child’s loss of innocence.
6.What were the children asked to do in the experiment？（　　）
A.Determine the names of the hidden items.
B.Provide false statements about their actions.
C.Hide toys from the view of the experimenter.
D.Guess the link between toys and sound clues.
7.What does the underlined word “mendacious” in Paragraph 4 mean？（　　）
A.Cooperative. B.Trustworthy.
C.Irresponsible. D.Untruthful.
C
　　Not every man is cut out to be a father.If the thought of fatherhood fills you with fear， maybe it isn’t for you or maybe it’s a sign that you take the responsibility of fatherhood seriously.
　　As a parent， you are always going to have to trust your instincts （本能）.There’s no comprehensive rule book on parenting.You’ll screw up sometimes.Hopefully， your husband or wife will be there to nudge （鼓励） you in the right direction.And， as in many other aspects of life， doing the right thing will rarely make you popular.Your kids will need limits and discipline， and some days they will get angry with you for it.But the kids know on some level that they need limits and that the responsible parent who is setting and enforcing them is doing so because he or she cares.It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.
　　Certainly， we can find meaning in a lot of places in life.But for most of us who have seen the emergence of a small baby， fatherhood gives life unparalleled meaning.Parenthood， for a lot of us， may well be an antidepressant — not because you always feel good， but because you no longer have any time to sit around feeling bad.Your kids will always need you in one way or another — first for bottle-feeding， then as fellow pretend superheroes and to apply Band-Aids to skinned knees， and then， when they are teenagers， as a free personal Uber service or， once in a great while， for unexpected deep talks about the meaning of life.
　　I know what I did with my kids day after day， night after night， year over year， mattered so much.I won’t pretend to have everything figured out about life， but I did figure out the immeasurable value in being one link in a great chain of family， stretching back to our ancestors and continuing into the future， into whatever the world throws at us next.
8.What does the underlined phrase “screw up” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Mess up. B.Feel down.
C.Stay strong. D.Get inspired.
9.Which statement will the author probably agree with？（　　）
A.Parenting books are essential for parents.
B.Strict parents are popular with their kids.
C.Disciplining kids is a way to show love.
D.Kids seldom understand parents’ intentions.
10.Why does the author mention the things a parent does for kids in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.To share some parenting tips.
B.To stress the difficulty of parents.
C.To recall the growth of his kids.
D.To show the value of being a parent.
11.How does the author mainly feel about fatherhood？（　　）
A.Fearful. B.Stressed.
C.Proud. D.Amused.
D
　　People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs， such as eye contact， length of responses and the details in what people say， but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying.Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.
　　To test this idea， researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or steal from a mock （模仿的） crime.Students were instructed to lie if they committed the fake theft.
　　Next， the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and six deceptive （欺骗的） interviews from these recordings， ranking interviewees’ eye contact and detail level.The results revealed that both truth-tellers and liars averted （转移） their gaze a similar amount， but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones， suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.
　　The researchers then asked 405 people to judge the true nature of six truthful and six deceptive statements randomly chosen from the interviews.Around half of the participants used multiple cues to identify liars.The remaining participants solely ranked the level of detail in answers on a scale of 1 to 10， with 6 or above counting as truthful.Those using multiple cues distinguished lies from the truth 59％ of the time， while those relying solely on detail achieved 66％.
　　“Our take is that using just one cue can provide a simpler way to judge lies from the truth，” says Verschuere.“Nevertheless， in the real world， you would probably need to confirm the accuracy of statements through extra investigations or follow-up questions.”
12.Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to confirm that 　　　　.（　　）
A.behavioural information played a vital role in finding out the truth
B.it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of statements
C.truth-tellers and liars shared something in common when performing the task
D.people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cues
13.What can we learn from Paragraphs 3 and 4？（　　）
A.Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive ones.
B.Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth-tellers.
C.It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like eye contact.
D.Participants who relied on one cue can distinguish lies from the truth faultlessly.
14.What did Verschuere think of the real-life application of his research？（　　）
A.It had no potential market.
B.It made no sense.
C.It could be perfectly applied.
D.It had some limitations.
15.What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　）
A.To introduce readers to the classification of lies.
B.To encourage readers to apply the results in real life.
C.To inform readers of scientific findings on detecting liars.
D.To warn readers of psychological harm of telling a lie.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Teenage years are one of the most exciting yet confusing stages in a person’s life.You are no longer a child， yet not quite an adult.16.（　　） One of them is your pastime.
　　Some pastimes have no moral implications.For example， shall we play basketball or soccer？17.（　　） Some examples include attending a party where there will be alcohol and drugs freely given out， lying to your parents or even skipping school to watch a movie with some friends.How do you respond？ Will you follow them？
　　Wanting to feel part of a group may force you to do things against your better judgement.However， it is okay to say no to anything that is illegal， or potentially causes harm or is hurtful to you or others.18.（　　） But you do not let that stop you from standing up to peer pressure and being true to yourself.If your friends are true friends， they will respect your decision and not force you to join them.
　　There are some steps you may take to keep away from negative peer pressure.Firstly， stay away from friends who force you to do things that you know are wrong.Instead， spend more time with friends who share the same value as you.19.（　　） And if a situation gets out of hand， do not hesitate to approach an adult you trust for help.
　　It may not always be easy to resist peer pressure， but do know that you will feel good about yourself later.And even without you realizing it， you may have been a catalyst in your group to bring about a positive change.20.（　　）
A.This is when you form a new habit of making friends.
B.Next， be true to yourself and stick to what you believe in.
C.You are at a time of exploration， trying to find out your preferences.
D.These peers no longer have the ability to develop their own personality.
E.You may be afraid to refuse for fear of losing friends or being laughed at.
F.However， there are other choices that need to be made based on your values in life.
G.Others in your group may just follow your lead and gain courage to do the right thing.
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　假定你是李华，你校交换生Chris对你上周参加的志愿者活动很感兴趣，发来邮件向你询问相关情况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1.活动介绍；
　　2.你的收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
6 / 6UNIT 1　Honesty and responsibility
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.She could see that her hair had grown by perhaps half an i　　　　　　.
2.Because the d　　　　　　 is absorbing blue light， it appears yellow in ordinary light.
3.The man who was wearing a d　　　　　　 black cloth suit was Jenny’s father.
4.He often conflicted with his colleagues， so he decided on r　　　　　　 from his job.
5.It is w　　　　　　 to preserve ancient civilizations for future generations.
6.When the war broke out， someone had cut the phone 　　　　　　（电线）.
7.Gleason denied any involvement in 　　　　　　（犯法的） activity and was released.
8.She was wearing a red dress with a small white bow on the 　　　　　　（衣领）.
9.He made an 　　　　　　（概述） of his views and would present it at the meeting.
10.The organization works on the 　　　　　　（法则） that all members have the same rights.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.Yet the truth of the matter is：I feel lonely.I’m 　　　　　　（bare） the only person who feels this way.
2.His 　　　　　　（appoint） as headmaster of the school was announced just now.
3.To be honest， the experience left her 　　　　　（scar） for life.
4.Car park owners should be 　　　　　　（legal） responsible for protecting vehicles.
5.The police arrested a 25-year-old man at the scene on 　　　　　　（suspect） of murder.
6.We are looking for someone who is 　　　　　（rely） and hard-working.
7.If someone is 　　　　　　（innocence）， it means he did not commit a crime which he has been accused of.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.在美丽的田野里流淌着一条小河，沿河矗立着一些树。（完全倒装）
In the beautiful field 　　　　　　　　； along the river 　　　　　　　　　　.
2.每天晚饭后那对夫妇都会臂挽着臂沿着这条河散步。（arm in arm）
The couple 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　after dinner every day.
3.不管有多困难，我都要追求我的梦想。（“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I will pursue my dream.
4.苏醒过来后，他发现自己在一个病房里。（find＋宾语＋宾语补足语）
When he came to himself， he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.它是一栋由古罗马人建造的房屋。（过去分词短语作后置定语）
It is a house 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
6.我变得足够有信心去挑战好的网球选手了。（“形容词/副词＋enough＋to do sth”结构）
I became 　　　　　　　　　　　　the good tennis players.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　A policeman on the beat walked along the street as usual.When he saw a man 1.　　　　　 （stand） in the doorway of a store， who was waiting for his friend， Jimmy， he suddenly slowed down.It was an 2.　　　　　　 （appoint） made two decades ago.The man struck a match and lit his cigar， 3.　　　　　　 showed a pale face.The man said he and his friend agreed that they would meet 4.　　　　　　 （exact） twenty years later， no matter what their conditions might be or what distance they might have to come from.The man was convinced that Jimmy would come for he was the truest and the 5.　　　　　　　　 （reliable） fellow.About twenty minutes later， a tall man in a long overcoat， with collar 6.　　　　　　 （turn） up to his ears， hurried toward him.They greeted each other.However， that tall man took charge of the situation and told him that he had been 7.　　　　　 arrest for ten minutes.He said Chicago police had wired 8.　　　　　　 （they）.The tall man gave him a note from Jimmy， from which he knew that Jimmy was just 9.　　　　　　 policeman， and he was at the appointed place on time.After he had known the man was the criminal， Jimmy got a plain-clothes man 10.　　　　　　　　 （arrest） him.
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　I’ve been keeping an honesty journal for the past several months.The day I started the journal， my 6-year-old daughter asked me if the cat really went to sleep last year.I sighed， wondering if I should wait to start this honesty project until she was grown-up.But I braved it and told her that yes， I had made the choice for him to die， because he was suffering.She lost interest about halfway through my explanation.
　　It struck me that the choice to lie or be honest was often a choice between two equally undesirable things.Telling my daughter the truth did not make me happier， but lying wouldn’t have either.
　　Overall， I found that I struggled more with the small instances of honesty， rather than the big.So， when a client accidentally paid me twice for a project， there was no internal debate.It was $1，000， so obviously， I notified the client.But when the McDonald’s drive-through cashier gave me an extra dollar in change and the line had been so long and my kids were acting crazy in the back seat ...it was a different story.Even though I gave the dollar back， I almost didn’t.
　　Even though honesty felt like a struggle， I started to like how it felt.When I was more honest， I tended to feel better about my relationships and myself.I like the saying， “Everybody wants the truth， but nobody wants to be honest.” I didn’t always want to be honest.But I wanted the truth， and this focus on honesty helped me feel that I was doing my part.
　　The bottom line is that focusing on honesty is a way to actively engage with the world， instead of passively complaining about it.It might even make you feel as if you have gold in your brain.
1.How did the author’s daughter react to her explanation？（　　）
A.She paid little attention to it.
B.She thought it was incredible.
C.She praised the author for her bravery.
D.She would rather the author lied to her.
2.What lesson did the author learn from the cat event？（　　）
A.Honesty could make people happier.
B.Lying to a little child seemed wrong.
C.Lying and honesty were a tricky pair.
D.Honesty should come before lying.
3.What does the author want to show by mentioning her McDonald’s experience？（　　）
A.It’s crazy to choose to be honest.
B.People are likely to have two characters.
C.It’s the small instances that test one’s honesty.
D.People tend to ignore honesty concerning small things.
4.What is the author’s opinion on honesty？（　　）
A.It is impossible to expect it.
B.It is good to focus on it.
C.It is reasonable to popularize it.
D.It is hard to learn from it.
B
　　There has been intense public debate within the Australian community over a horse racing event advertised on Australia’s most iconic building， the Sydney Opera House.While some believe that the Opera House is the city’s “biggest billboard （大幅广告牌）” and should be used for economic gain， others are shocked that the government has allowed the national landmark to be polluted with branding.
　　As a UNESCO World Heritage Site， the Sydney Opera House is an iconic Australian building that is recognised all over the world and one of the country’s most frequently visited tourist attractions.In the past， the Opera House has been used to promote a handful of charities， cultural festivals， etc.However， these have aimed to highlight issues or events in the public interest， not a single profiting brand.
　　Some have argued that branding on the sails of the Opera House is just like advertising on any other billboard or marketing space with the power to significantly boost tourism and growth.While this may be true， if advertising continues to happen， the Opera House could risk losing its reputation， which could devalue the landmark and actually damage its tourism appeal.
　　Although iconic landmarks around the world such as the Eiffel Tower and Moscow’s Red Square have been used for advertising， they also caused some arguments among the public.For instance， a major fashion brand placed a giant 2-storey branded suitcase in the centre of Moscow’s Red Square； however， it was removed shortly after as tourists complained it was so big that it blocked views of major landmark sites.The advertisement caused arguments among the public and finally failed to leave a positive impact.
　　So what will advertising on the Opera House look like to international tourists？ Will they be amazed and drawn to visit a wonderful country， or will they see advertising as reducing the cultural value of a national icon？ How would you react if you saw a marketing campaign on the Taj Mahal？ We think it’s clear that our national treasures deserve the respect and admiration that comes with them， and advertising should be limited to important causes， not campaigns for commercial gain.
5.What caused heated discussion among the public in Australia？（　　）
A.The Sydney Opera House was used for business advertising.
B.A horse racing event was held around the Sydney Opera House.
C.Australia’s biggest billboard was fixed to the Sydney Opera House.
D.The Australian government ignored pollution around the Sydney Opera House.
6.What can we learn about the previous advertising activities at the Sydney Opera House？（　　）
A.They brought great economic benefits.
B.They were designed to entertain tourists.
C.They caught great international attention.
D.They focused on the wellbeing of the general public.
7.Why does the author mention the example of Moscow’s Red Square？（　　）
A.To show different business promotions in tourist attractions.
B.To show the negative effects of advertising on iconic landmarks.
C.To explain how fashion companies benefit from tourist attractions.
D.To explain why tourists dislike large billboards at iconic landmarks.
8.What is the author’s attitude towards the event mentioned in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.Favourable. B.Intolerant.
C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　When you hear the word “integrity”， it can feel weighty.In simple words， integrity means sticking to values and morals.9.（　　） So let’s get started.
　　You build better relationships.
　　10.（　　） The best benefit of having integrity is because you are honest with whomever you meet， you build effective relationships with others， including your family and your classmates.When you have integrity， you will naturally get high-quality relationships.
　　Your credibility （信誉） increases.
　　Without question integrity increases your credibility a lot.11.（　　） It is in people’s nature to believe in someone who has moral values and ethics （道德标准）.You basically become a man of your word.
　　Your level of confidence increases.
　　When you have integrity， your level of confidence automatically increases.Without integrity， you will find it uncomfortable to be honest with yourself， so it’s hard to figure out just where you are within yourself.Naturally， your self-confidence drops.12.（　　）
　　You get leadership skills.
　　When people start trusting you， you get leadership abilities.13.（　　） Leadership is not only one of the finest qualities that a person can possess， but also an important life skill that youth should learn in their development.
A.When you have integrity， you sleep well at night.
B.Integrity is very important to improving your relationships.
C.People start putting their trust in you when you have integrity.
D.A person with integrity becomes a natural inspiration to others.
E.All in all， integrity makes you feel very sure about the person you are.
F.In order to get success in life， one should know why integrity is important.
G.This is the reason why you will see that most leaders are people who have integrity.
4 / 5Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.To tell the truth， I didn’t like the geophysicist from the bottom of my heart as he liked finding f　　　　　　 with others.
2.He always helps his parents weed the garden， carry out the g　　　　　　 and deliver newspapers.
3.He got into a panic when he realised that he couldn’t meet the d　　　　　　.
4.Actually he had got the news already but he p　　　　　　 to know nothing about it.
5.O　　　　　　 and environment-friendly products are becoming more and more popular among people.
6.In addition to his salary， he has a 　　　　　　（奖金） of 6，000 yuan per month.
7.A teacher should know how to give proper 　　　　　（指导） to students in his teaching.
8.The old man has the habit of paying the cheque into his 　　　　　　（储蓄金） account.
9.Rainfall has been evenly distributed this year and a good 　　　　　　（收成） can be expected.
10.Our teacher always lays stress on honesty as an important 　　　　　　（美德）.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.Don’t be 　　　　　　（discourage）， you’ll learn by and by.
2.Under the 　　　　　　（guide） of the expert， we have made great progress.
3.Many farms are trying to advertise 　　　　　　（organic） grown food for customers.
4.Yesterday I opened a 　　　　　　（save） account at the local bank.
5.The officer is said to be serious and demanding， but also 　　　　　　（mercy）.
6.Punishment can never be an effective cure for 　　　　　　（society） problems.
7.Though I have asked for her 　　　　　　（forgive）， but I don’t know whether she will forgive me or not.
8.Don’t raise your hopes too high， or you may be 　　　　　　（disappoint） in the end.
9.It took the jury （陪审团） some time to reach the conclusion that the man was 　　　　　　（guilt）.
10.She decided to leave the company and handed in her 　　　　　　（resign）.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.无论广告做得多么好，如果产品不适合人们，他们也不可能信服。（however 引导让步状语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， people are unlikely to be persuaded if the product is unsuitable for them.
2.时间一旦被设定就不能更改。（状语从句的省略）
　　　　　　　　， the time cannot be changed.
3.他的脚受伤了，因此他无法参加比赛了。（so that）
He injured his foot 　　　　　　　　　　　　play in the match.
4.希望做那件事的不是经理，而是工人。（not ...but ...）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 hoping to do that.
5.读一读这个故事，你就会意识到并不是所有的东西都能用金钱买到。（祈使句＋and＋陈述句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that not everything can be bought with money.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　A principal is giving a speech 1.　　　　　　 theme is “Taking responsibility” at the students’ coming-of-age ceremony.The students are 2.　　　　　　 the way to adulthood when they must learn to be responsible for themselves and society， 3.　　　　　　 is the foundation that can support their future.
　　At school， you have 4.　　　　　　 （gradual） understood the importance of a well-developed sense of 5.　　　　　　 （responsible）.You accept that you are responsible for your successes and your 6.　　　　　　 （fail）.As students， you must take your studies seriously and accept responsibility for your own learning.Apart from personal development， 7.　　　　　　 （assume） responsibility for your actions is also important for the 8.　　　　　　 （better） of society.So， dear students， take your first step into the adult world by accepting your responsibilities，9.　　　　　　 that adulthood will be an enjoyable and 10.　　　　　　 （reward） experience for both you and those around you.
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　I loaded The Ledger in the metal basket of my bicycle I called my tank.Balloon tires （低压轮胎） mobilized the red-black heavy bike I had found on a roadside left for the garbage man.In those days， the papers had to be left on the steps.Some customers requested I put them between the storm door and the front wooden door.
　　Saturday was collection day.When I knocked on the door， I never knew what I was going to get.Old man Kusek shouted out of the back of his kitchen， “I’ll pay you next week.” I made a note on his card that this was the fifth week in a row he had shouted those same words.
　　Every week I had cold feet about charging for the newspapers at Mr Schaefer’s house.As soon as I took the first step up， two German Shepherds bolted （突然快跑） against the screen door.Their barking always pushed me one step back from the door.“Don’t worry.They won’t hurt you，” a voice shouted from inside the house.Mr Schaefer came to the door to pay his bill with a dollar clenched （咬紧） between his teeth while he held each dog by their collar.Grabbing the money from his mouth， I turned and ran， thinking those fierce dogs were going to break free and eat me alive.
　　Every two weeks， Mr Kloch from The Ledger would come to collect the money.After I paid the amount， the rest was mine.Counting the change was the fun part to see how much money I’d made.
　　My first job as a paperboy taught me about managing money， serving customers， and accepting responsibility.I remember the time when I was in a grocery store with my mother.A family approached us and their little kid pointed at me and shouted，“That’s our paperboy！” I felt proud at that moment and I still do today.
1.What did the author use to do when delivering newspapers？（　　）
A.He rode a second-hand bike.
B.He carried a red-black basket.
C.He was accompanied by two dogs.
D.He stuck the papers in customers’ door.
2.What kind of man was Kusek in the author’s eyes？（　　）
A.He was far too sensitive.
B.He was very responsible.
C.He always broke his promise.
D.He rarely had an aggressive manner.
3.What does the underlined part “had cold feet” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Got curious. B.Became nervous.
C.Felt sorry. D.Looked confused.
4.What did the author think of his experience of being a paperboy？（　　）
A.He expressed regret over it.
B.He showed no interest in it.
C.He was very grateful for it.
D.He felt embarrassed about it.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　One of the best things you can do for your community is volunteer， but it’s necessary to understand that it comes with the same kind of mission a paid job has.Since you promise to do something， you need to follow it through.5.（　　）
　　Whether you’re just starting out or you’ve been volunteering for years， think of what you’re doing.Here are some things you need to do if you want to do your best：
　　Volunteer with a good attitude.You are doing something that you really want to do.So put a smile on your face and show you want to be there.6.（　　）
　　Follow the rules.7.（　　） Do your best to follow them because they’ve been made for a reason.Periodically go over your job description.If you don’t have a written one， ask your volunteer coordinator whether or not you’re meeting expectations.
　　 8.（　　） If you see something that the volunteer coordinator needs to know about， let him know as soon as possible.Or if you have a better idea of getting the work done faster， share your thoughts with him.It will do good to the cause.
　　Be flexible.You may be actively doing your given job when you notice something else that needs to be done.9.（　　）
A.Communicate more.
B.Get along with others.
C.You and everyone around you will be happier if you have a positive attitude.
D.Not all volunteers volunteer out of the kindness of their hearts.
E.Someone may have given you a list of rules， either written or spoken.
F.Try to do whatever it is， unless it’s against the rules of your organization.
G.People are depending on you， and you should give your time responsibly.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　My daughter Julia and I headed to the school supply section in the shop the other day.Because I struggled with 　10　， I always looked for a perfect planner.I dreamed that I would 　11　 my procrastination （拖延） with the perfect planner.
　　Julia 　12　 a planner and showed it to me.“Mom， this one has a habit tracker.Do your other ones have that？” “No.But that could be really 　13　.” I thought of all the good habits I wanted to develop.I asked Julia to put the planner in the cart （手推车）.“I will 　14　 one， too，” Julia said.
　　The next day， I filled in the habit-tracker section of my new planner and 　15　 to make some positive changes.As I drank a glass of water — instead of my usual Diet Coke — I felt 　16　.Maybe I’d 　17　 found the perfect planner to help me get my act together.
　　One morning， I 　18　 my planner and realized that I’d grabbed Julia’s 　19　.And the first 　20　 on her habit tracker was “Write in my gratitude journal.” The second one was “Do something nice for others.” Both items were 　21　 every day that week.Since she was very 　22　， how did she find time to do these things？
　　When I asked her about it， she said，“Those two habits go together.Writing in my gratitude journal makes me 　23　 to do nice things for others.”
　　I realized I’d spent years 　24　 the perfect planner when what I really needed was a gratitude journal.
10.（　）A.devotion B.tradition
C.organization D.comparison
11.（　）A.admit B.explain
C.predict D.end
12.（　）A.completed B.packed
C.replaced D.selected
13.（　）A.helpful B.strange
C.expensive D.difficult
14.（　）A.decorate B.make
C.pass D.get
15.（　）A.decided B.failed
C.happened D.regretted
16.（　）A.amused B.excited
C.worried D.confused
17.（　）A.formally B.personally
C.finally D.immediately
18.（　）A.discovered B.opened
C.forgot D.shared
19.（　）A.by luck B.in advance
C.by mistake D.in return
20.（　）A.task B.result
C.problem D.success
21.（　）A.asked about B.applied for
C.checked off D.commented on
22.（　）A.reliable B.kind
C.tired D.busy
23.（　）A.afford B.want
C.pretend D.hesitate
24.（　）A.preparing for B.learning from
C.searching for D.dealing with
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　Mariana and other River Edge Rockers， their community soccer team， dreamed of getting a regulation soccer field.She and her father would attend the Town Council meeting that night.They would also get the whole team there to convince the Council they needed a better field.
　　When they all arrived at the meeting hall and sat together， Councilwoman Maloof opened the discussion， and Mr Boyd， the Rockers’ manager， spoke first.“Our team currently practices in a tiny school yard， and only when it’s not already booked.”The team nodded immediately.
　　Mrs Yamagata， owner of Something Sushi， walked to the podium （讲台）.“I believe the town owns an empty lot next to my restaurant，” she said.“Couldn’t that be a soccer field？” The Rockers cheered.
　　“A soccer field would be a good use for that lot，” Maloof said.“But the town simply doesn’t have the money to build and maintain one.”
　　“The Rockers can do it！” Mr Boyd spoke up.He began to negotiate with the Council.“If the town lets the Rockers use the vacant lot， we will turn it into a soccer field.”
　　After some discussion， the Council reached a decision.They approved using that lot for a community soccer field.The team cheered.
　　The following day， at Something Sushi， the team got together to share ideas for raising money.They finally decided to wash cars for their community.On the day of the car wash， car owners lined up in the middle school parking lot， where six wading pools （塑料浅水池） had been set up.The team began washing carefully.By the end of the day， the Rockers were soaked through （湿透） but excited about raising $750.In the next few days， the Rockers also invited neighbours to donate materials for building the field.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　A week later， the team gathered at the lot， carrying tools purchased with their earnings or donated by neighbours.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Opening day attracted a huge crowd of soccer fans， all amazed by the new field.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5 / 5Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空。
1.She must have done something wrong， because she’s looking so 　　　　　　（guilt）.
2.My parents took lots of 　　　　　　（photographer） of us when we were small.
3.　　　　　　 honest a person is he that you can turn to him for help when you are in trouble.
4.I was a little nervous at first， but everyone was so nice and friendly 　　　　　　I soon stopped worrying.
5.When we stood 　　　　　　we used to play， we couldn’t help thinking of our happy old days.
6.We should protect our environment from being polluted 　　　　　　that our next generation will enjoy a blue sky and live a healthy life.
7.We’re going to hold a charity show tomorrow.You can join us 　　　　　　you have no idea what to do for the weekend.
8.One can always manage to do more things 　　　　　　/no matter 　　　　　　full his schedule is in life.
9.How did you feel 　　　　　　you saw the terrible accident happening in front of you？
10.The meaning of the word “nice” changed a few times 　　　　　　it finally came to include the sense “pleasant”.
维度二：语法与写作
根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， I will be free for almost three months.
随着暑假的临近，我将有几乎三个月的空闲时间。
2.I won’t go to attend his wedding 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
除非他邀请我，否则我是不会去参加他的婚礼的。
3.It is 　　　　　　　　　　　　we all want to go to the park.
天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。
4.We’ll start our meeting on time 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
无论他来还是不来，我们都将准时开会。
5.The girl stood at the door 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
女孩站在门口，似乎在等人。
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，用适当的连词填空。
　　My mother was cooking in the kitchen 1.　　　　　　 I was doing my school assignments.No sooner had I finished my homework 2.　　　　　　 the door bell rang.However， my sister unlocked the door 3.　　　　　 I could open it.We were surprised the moment we saw her 4.　　　　　 her clothes and face were terribly dirty.5.　　　　　　 we didn’t know what had happened to her， we stood there and waited for my sister’s story.We wouldn’t leave 6.　　　　　　 my sister told us all about it.7.　　　　　　 my sister got changed， she told us that she fell into a ditch（沟） 8.　　　　　　 she walked on a path on her way to my uncle’s home in the countryside.She couldn’t get out of the ditch.9.　　　　　　 she cried for help loudly， no one could hear her.She tried to climb out of it， but 10.　　　　　　 hard she tried， she failed to escape from it.11.　　　　　　 time went by， she got worried.
　　After several vain attempts she had to stand 12.　　　　　　 she was and waited 13.　　　　　 a boy student passed by and gave her a hand.The boy reached her a long rope and told her to climb with the rope.She did 14.　　　　　　 the boy told， and she came out.
　　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　It was a Sunday night.I circled the neighbourhood a few times， looking for a place to leave my car.Finally， I found one a block south of my house.It was behind a late-model Jeep.I tried to back into the space， but I failed to see the angles clearly.I heard it before I felt it， the sound of plastic on plastic， like a sheet of sandpaper along the surface of a painted piece of wood.I got out of my car to check the damage.My car was unharmed.However， there were two distinct lines on the Jeep.
　　Then I noticed a woman， walking her dog， who was now photographing me with her phone.“I hope you’re not planning to drive away，” she said quietly.Until then， I was annoyed with myself for having been so careless， but now， I was mad with her for taking my picture.“How dare she？”I thought.She had no respect for my privacy.
　　And how dare she assume I would do the wrong thing？ But soon I calmed down because I knew she wasn’t entirely incorrect.I’d made no decision to drive away without leaving a note， but I’d be lying if I said the idea hadn’t flashed across my mind.It was dark， and aside from her no one was watching.It happens all the time — the hit-and-run in the parking lot.
　　We all have those desires to behave selfishly， to go against the social contract； it is not the thought but what we do with it that counts.It is the commitment to take responsibility， to care for one another， and to think about the greater good that makes this world a better place to stay.The choice to own up was left to me.I left a note with my name and phone number under the wiper blade （雨刮器） of the Jeep.
1.What happened to the author on that Sunday night？（　　）
A.He knocked down someone.
B.He got hurt in a car accident.
C.He hit a parked car accidentally.
D.He failed to find a parking space.
2.Why did the author feel angry with the woman？（　　）
A.She blocked his view on purpose.
B.She spoke to him in a very rude way.
C.She photographed him without permission.
D.She refused to take responsibility for her faults.
3.What does the underlined part “own up” in the last paragraph mean？（　　）
A.Admit. B.Occupy.
C.Disappear. D.Refuse.
4.What does the author intend to tell us through his story？（　　）
A.Everyone makes mistakes.
B.Always do the right thing.
C.Avoid conflicts with others.
D.Apologizing sincerely matters.
B
　　89-year-old Derlin Newey， who lives in the Roy area of Utah， has supplemented （补充） his Social Security income for a little over a year by delivering food for Papa John’s Pizza.When Newey delivered a large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a conversation， Gladys was completely pleased.
　　“He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine，” Gladys told her husband， Carlos Valdez about Newey.Carlos was so taken with Newey’s friendliness and high passion — and the fact that he was delivering pizza at his age — that he decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page.Thousands of people donated and it all added up to more than $12，000.
　　Then came the surprise delivery.When Newey opened the door to his mobile home， Carlos was standing there holding an empty pizza box， which he had stuffed with an envelope full of all the cash.Newey was flabbergasted， and his eyes filled with tears.Since the initial fundraiser that brought in $12，000， people have donated $8，000 more for Newey.
　　Newey， a retired salesman， typically works about 30 hours a week， Mondays through Saturdays delivering pizza.As a native of Utah’s Ogden area， he spent 26 years living in Gridley， California， and working for National Merchandising， and he also earned a bachelor’s degree from Brigham Young University.Young Newey was a competitive skier， and he later taught skiing； about four years ago， he gave up skiing because it became too difficult physically.
　　Even if Newey didn’t need the extra income， he said， he would still do his delivery job because he loves it.“Oh， fantastic，” he said about his job.“I love the people I’m working with， and I love having pleasant conversations and making friends with people.The beautiful children — you should see the smiles on their faces when they say，‘Oh， we’re going to have pizza tonight！’ That’s worth more than the money I make.”
5.What did Gladys think of Newey？（　　）
A.Reserved and sensitive.
B.Enthusiastic and sociable.
C.Disciplined and thoughtful.
D.Ambitious and hard-working.
6.How did Carlos help Newey？（　　）
A.By delivering pizza for him.
B.By raising money online for him.
C.By ordering more pizza from him.
D.By making good comments about him.
7.What does the underlined word “flabbergasted” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Extremely shocked. B.Severely depressed.
C.Pretty frightened. D.Rather annoyed.
8.What can we learn about Newey from the last two paragraphs？（　　）
A.He turned down Carlos’ help.
B.He dreamed of being a ski coach.
C.He received a poor education.
D.He found the delivery job worthwhile.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　When choosing to add a pet to the family， you may spend more time focusing on the joy and happiness you expect your new pet will bring.9.（　　） Though there is no true definition of a responsible pet parent， these are a few widely accepted tips to help you create a happy， healthy life for your furry friends.
　　Food and shelter
　　10.（　　） Your pets will need continuous access to clean water， healthy and nutritious food， and shelter from the elements （恶劣的天气）.Cats and dogs will live healthier， happier， more rewarding lives when they are treated as full members of the family， living side-by-side with you in your homes.
　　Healthcare
　　Regular preventive care is key to helping your pet live a long and healthy life.It’s best to establish a relationship with a veterinarian （兽医） to help keep you on track with regular check-ups and vaccinations （接种疫苗）.11.（　　） When the time has come， your veterinarian can help you keep your pet comfortable， pain-free， and loved， and guide you in making decisions on end-of-life care.
　　Training and socialization
　　Behavioral issues are the number one reason why animals are abandoned to shelters， so training and socializing your pets helps make sharing your homes with them much easier.For example， a dog who has been trained in basic obedience （服从） knows what behaviors are acceptable and what is expected of him.12.（　　）
　　Love
　　This may be the most important responsibility of all.13.（　　） They are companions who depend on you for their care.They are in tune with you and live for your happiness.Responsible pet parents work hard to do the same for them.
A.Your pets are not possessions you own.
B.Your pets need to stay in shape just like you do.
C.Animal overpopulation is a real issue all over the world.
D.An established relationship with a veterinarian can also be helpful as your pet ages.
E.Providing your pet with the basic necessities of life should go without saying.
F.While that’s true， they also come with a set of duties that everyone should consider.
G.This can help him be more cooperative， comfortable， and confident in the home environment.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Recently， I had one unpleasant but lucky day.My morning started out with a grouchy （爱发脾气的） kid who couldn’t be 　14　， whatever I tried to do for him.When I got in my car to take him to 　15　， I realized my gas tank was close to 　16　.To make matters worse， the traffic was unbearable.I felt 　17　.
　　After I filled up my tank and dropped the little one off to daycare， I headed to my favourite restaurant， 　18　 my favourite meal， went to the cashier， and then something 　19　 happened — my debit card （借记卡） was declined.I told the cashier that she must have run my card wrong and to 　20　 it again， only for the screen to read DECLINED again.My heart 　21　.
　　I immediately 　22　 my phone and called the bank number.Out of nowhere， this amazing woman came up behind me， hugged me， and 　23　 my lunch.I explained to her that I did have money when she 　24　 me and said，“You can pay me back by paying it forward.Have a good day.”
　　I was 　25　！ I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real life， and someone just 　26　！ My heart was full， and I couldn’t believe how someone who didn’t even know me could do such a thing for a 　27　！
　　Right then and there， I told myself that I was going to pay it forward.I was going to create in my child a spirit of 　28　， gratitude， and show him what paying it forward was all about.
14.（　）A.moved B.discouraged
C.satisfied D.annoyed
15.（　）A.school B.daycare
C.hospital D.town
16.（　）A.new B.full
C.huge D.empty
17.（　）A.terrible B.scared
C.curious D.ashamed
18.（　）A.shared B.prepared
C.ordered D.showed
19.（　）A.unrecognizable B.uncertain
C.unknown D.unexpected
20.（　）A.demand B.adopt
C.try D.purchase
21.（　）A.opened B.sank
C.slowed D.hurt
22.（　）A.locked B.grabbed
C.answered D.connected
23.（　）A.picked up B.took away
C.put back D.paid for
24.（　）A.followed B.stopped
C.reached D.checked
25.（　）A.confused B.amazed
C.concerned D.determined
26.（　）A.saved my day B.changed my mind
C.met my request D.caught my eye
27.（　）A.stranger B.friend
C.neighbour D.customer
28.（　）A.bravery B.patience
C.honesty D.kindness
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　Over thousands of years， the Chinese have created brilliant culture and meanwhile formed our own moral code.This is what we call the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation， which are still of great 29.　　　　　　 （significant） today and whose value to the development of human civilization has been 30.　　　　　　 （general） recognized.
　　One of these traditional virtues is honesty， and “Zengzi kills the pig” is a well-known story about this valuable quality.Zengzi， a student of Confucius， was a person 31.　　　　　　 was upright and always kept his promise.One day， when Zengzi’s wife was about 32.　　　　　　 （go） to the market， her little son started making a scene 33.　　　　　 he insisted on going with her.To calm him down， she persuaded him into 34.　　　　　　 （stay） at home with a prize： killing their pig for him to eat when she returned.When she got back from the market， she saw Zengzi was 35.　　　　　　 his way to kill the pig and tried to stop him.Zengzi said，“If you deceive （欺骗） him this time， he will not believe in you any more.” In the end， the pig 36.　　　　　　 （kill）.With his own conduct， Zengzi taught his son to be 37.　　　　　　 （faith） to his word.
　　Despite the passage of time， honesty is still honored as a mainstream value and has appeared in countless 38.　　　　　　 （tale） throughout China’s history.
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