【培优方案】UNIT 2　Understanding each other（课时跟踪检测）（学生版）英语选择性必修第四册（译林版）

课时跟踪检测部分
UNIT 1　Honesty and responsibility
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.inch　2.diamond　3.decent　4.resigning　5.worthwhile
6.wires　7.criminal　8.collar　9.outline　10.principle
维度二
1.barely　2.appointment　3.scarred　4.legally
5.suspicion　6.reliable　7.innocent
维度三
1.flows a small river； stand some trees
2.walk along the river arm in arm
3.No matter how difficult it is
4.found himself in a ward
5.built by the Romans
6.confident enough to challenge
维度四
1.standing　2.appointment　3.which　4.exactly　5.most reliable　6.turned　7.under　8.them　9.the　10.to arrest
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历告诉我们：关注诚实可以让人更快乐。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者的女儿在她解释到一半时就已经失去了兴趣。
2.C　推理判断题。文章第一段提到那只猫，作者在第二段中由此发出感慨：the choice to lie or be honest was often a choice between two equally undesirable things，紧接着又进一步做出了Telling my daughter the truth did not make me happier， but lying wouldn’t have either.的解释。由此可知，作者认为诚实让自己不开心，但撒谎也不会让自己开心。因此，C项中的tricky pair描述了诚实和撒谎之间微妙的关系。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的I struggled more with the small instances of honesty， rather than the big可知，作者提到自己在麦当劳的买餐经历，就是为了说明当涉及小事时，人们往往容易忽略诚实。本段采用了对比的写作手法，将客户重复支付的1000美元（数额大→大事）和麦当劳多找零的an extra dollar（数额小→小事）进行对比说明主题。
4.B　观点态度题。根据最后两段中的I started to like how it felt、I tended to feel better、this focus on honesty helped me feel that I was doing my part以及make you feel as if you have gold in your brain可知，作者认为关注诚实有好处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。一场在悉尼歌剧院举办的商业推广活动引发了公众的热议。作者认为人们应当尊重和赞赏国家的瑰宝，而不是通过它获取经济利益。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，悉尼歌剧院为一场赛马比赛打广告引起了很大的争议。一些人认为歌剧院应该用于获取经济利益，另外一些人则对政府批准将国家级地标用于商业宣传感到震惊。
6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，从前在悉尼歌剧院举办的活动都是公益活动，与单个品牌的收益无关。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段的最后一句可知，作者提及莫斯科红场的例子是为了说明将著名景点用于商业宣传，最终只会给景点带来负面影响。
8.B　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为人们应该尊重和赞赏国家瑰宝，而不是利用它们获取经济利益。由此可推知，作者对在悉尼歌剧院举办的商业推广活动持反对意见。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因。
9.F　上文介绍了诚实正直的含义，下面几段介绍了拥有诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原因，故F项符合语境。
10.B　根据本段小标题“你会建立更好的关系”可知，B项（诚实正直的品质对于改善人际关系非常重要）符合语境。B项中的relationships与小标题中的relationships以及空后两次出现的relationships构成原词复现。
11.C　设空处前一句说明诚实正直的品质会大大提高你的信誉，设空处后一句指出信任拥有道德价值和标准的人是人类的天性。因此，C项（如果你拥有诚实正直的价值观，人们就会开始信任你）符合语境。C项中的trust与上文中的credibility和下文中的believe in相呼应。
12.E　上文指出如果你是一个诚实正直的人，那么你的自信心自然会变强。反之，自信心就会下降。因此，E项（总之，诚实正直的品质能让你对自己充满信心）符合语境。E项中的feel very sure about the person you are与空前的self-confidence相呼应。
13.G　上文说明当人们开始信任你时，你就拥有了领导力。下文指出领导力不仅仅是最优秀的品质之一，也是年轻人在成长过程中应该学习的一项重要生活技能。因此，G项（这就是为什么你会发现大多数领导者都是诚实正直的人）符合语境。G项中的leaders与设空处前后均出现的leadership相呼应。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.guilty　2.photographs　3.So　4.that　5.where　6.so　7.since/now that　8.however； how　9.when　10.before
维度二
1.As the summer vacation is approaching　2.unless he invites me　3.such fine weather that　4.whether he comes or not　5.as if she was waiting for someone
维度三
1.while/when　2.than　3.before　4.because　5.Since/As
6.unless　7.After　8.when/while　9.Although/Though/While
10.however　11.As　12.where　13.until　14.as
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己不小心剐蹭一辆车后，主动留下自己信息的故事。作者希望借自己的故事向读者传达人人都应该为自己做错的事情承担责任的道理。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，那天晚上，作者倒车时不小心蹭了一辆泊在车位上的吉普车。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的a woman ... photographing me with her phone ...She had no respect for my privacy可知，那位女士未经作者允许就拍了作者的照片，作者认为这侵犯了他的隐私。
3.A　词义猜测题。根据上文可知，作者剐蹭了别人的车，此处应该是指作者决定“承认”自己的过失，下文作者留下自己姓名和电话的行为是作者承担责任的具体表现。
4.B　主旨大意题。作者在最后一段指出，人人都应该按照社会契约行事，愿意承担责任、关爱他人、为大局着想，世界才会更美好。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。热心的Carlos通过TikTok为89岁的披萨外卖员Newey筹到2万多美元的善款作为生活补给。
5.B　观点态度题。根据第一段中的When Newey delivered a large apple pizza to Gladys Valdez a few weeks ago with a smile and struck up a conversation和第二段中Gladys所说的He was just so friendly， really talkative， and just super sweet and genuine可知，Newey在Gladys的眼里是一个热情、善于交际的人。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的he decided to crowdfund on Newey’s behalf via a Venmo link on his TikTok page可知，Carlos通过在网上筹集资金来帮助Newey。
7.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段开头的the surprise delivery和Carlos带来的善款以及画线词后面的his eyes filled with tears可推知，Newey 大吃一惊，满眼泪水。故画线词flabbergasted意为“非常震惊”。
8.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Newey所说的话可知，Newey喜欢送披萨这份工作，喜欢和顾客聊天、交朋友，喜欢看到孩子们拿到披萨时脸上洋溢的笑容。这些在他看来更有价值和意义。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宠物主人应该承担的几项责任。
9.F　设空处前一句指出：在决定要养宠物时，你可能更关注你认为新宠物会带来的快乐和幸福。F项（虽然这是真的，但它们也会带来一系列每个人都应该考虑的职责）符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。F项中第一个that指代上文描述的情况。
10.E　根据本段小标题“食物和住所”可知，E项（为宠物提供基本生活必需品是理所当然的）符合语境。E项中的basic necessities of life与小标题相呼应。
11.D　上文说明了宠物主人最好与兽医建立关系。下文指出：到了那个时候，你的兽医能为你提供帮助，让你的宠物觉得舒适、远离痛苦、感到被爱，指导你作出有关临终关怀的决定。故D项（随着宠物年龄的增长，与兽医建立关系也会有所帮助）符合语境。
12.G　设空处前一句指出：举例来说，接受过基本服从训练的狗了解什么行为是主人可以接受的，也清楚主人对它的期望。G项（这可以帮助它在家庭环境中更加乐于合作、感到舒适、充满自信）紧承上文，符合语境。G项中的This指代设空处前描述的情况。
13.A　上文说明了爱可能是最重要的一项责任。下文指出了它们是需要你照顾的伙伴；它们能够理解你；它们以你的幸福为生活目标。负责任的宠物主人会努力为它们做同样的事情。A项（你的宠物不是你的财产）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。陌生人的慷慨帮助让作者懂得把爱传递下去。
14.C　根据该空前的a grouchy （爱发脾气的） kid可知，“我”的孩子易怒，不管“我”做什么，都无法满足他。
15.B　根据第二段中的dropped the little one off to daycare可知，“我”上车准备带孩子去托儿所。
16.D　根据第二段中的I filled up my tank可知，“我”的油箱几乎空了。
17.A　根据上文的描述可知，“我”一大早就遇到很多不顺心的事情，因此“我”感到很糟糕。
18.C　根据该空后的my favourite meal， went to the cashier可知，“我”点了最喜欢吃的饭菜，然后去了收银台。
19.D　根据下文my debit card （借记卡） was declined可知，这是意想不到的事情。
20.C　根据该空前的she must have run my card wrong可知，“我”告诉收银员，她一定是操作不当，让她再试一次。
21.B　根据该空前的the screen to read DECLINED again可知，当屏幕又一次显示“我”的卡不能支付时，我感到很沮丧。
22.B　根据该空后的called the bank number可知，“我”立刻抓起手机，拨打了银行的电话。
23.D　根据下文You can pay me back by paying it forward.可知，这位女士替“我”付了款。
24.B　根据该空后的and said可知，这位女士打断“我”，并且对“我”说：“你可以通过把爱传递下去来回报我。祝你今天过得愉快。”
25.B　根据该空后的I’ve never seen anyone do anything like this in real life可知，“我”很惊讶。
26.A　根据上文的描述可知，这位女士帮了“我”的大忙。
27.A　根据该空前的who didn’t even know me可知，“我”对那位女士来说是一个陌生人。
28.D　根据上文的描述以及该空后的gratitude可知，“我”要把孩子培养成一个善良且懂得感恩的人。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一则中国传统故事：曾子杀猪。
29.significance　考查词形转换。设空处为“of＋抽象名词”结构，该结构在句中充当形容词的作用，故填significance。
30.generally　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作状语，修饰recognized，应用副词，故填generally。
31.who/that　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a person，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。
32.to go　考查非谓语动词。be about to do sth表示“即将/正要做某事”，故填to go。
33.and　考查连词。根据语境可知，设空处前后两句为并列句，故填and。
34.staying　考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词into的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，故填staying。
35.on　考查介词。on one’s way to do sth为固定搭配，意为“在去做某事的路上”。
36.was killed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。the pig与kill之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且根据语境可知，设空处应用一般过去时，故填was killed。
37.faithful　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作表语，表示“忠实的，守信的”，故填形容词faithful。
38.tales　考查名词复数。tale为可数名词，意为“故事”，在此表泛指，且前面有countless修饰，故填tales。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位青少年的善举。
1.D　细节理解题。根据John Michael Thomas， 14， Florida部分中的He wanted to build a life-sized peacock fountain in Elizabeth’s favourite park in the city in memory of his friend.可知，孔雀喷泉建在一个公园里，是为了纪念Elizabeth Buckley。
2.B　细节理解题。根据Barrett Smith， 13， Utah部分中的Barrett visited Karma’s owner with his idea： He would collect and repair used bikes and donate them to the shop.可知，Barrett为Karma自行车商店捐赠自行车。
3.C　推理判断题。文中John Michael Thomas为纪念朋友建造孔雀喷泉，Barrett Smith为车店捐赠自行车，Zachary Blohm为建大操场筹集资金，Jack Zimmerman为减少饥饿儿童而组织活动。由此可推断出，这四个人都很有爱心，他们的共同点是关心他人。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。说谎是人类的天性，文章通过对不同年龄的孩子进行实验告诉我们，撒谎意味着正常的成长。
4.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，说谎是人的本性。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Kang Lee， a psychologist， sees the emergence of the behavior in children as a comforting sign that their cognitive growth is on track.可知，Kang Lee认为撒谎意味着正常的成长。
6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They ask kids to guess the identity of toys hidden from their view， based on an audio clue.可知，试验中孩子们被要求断定隐藏着的玩具的名称。
7.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句可知，画线词所在句讲述的是撒谎的孩子的比例，由此推断画线词所在句意为“在两岁的孩子中，只有30％的孩子说谎了”。因此画线词mendacious意为“说谎的”，与untruthful同义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者探讨了为人父母，特别是作为一个父亲应尽的义务和应担负的责任以及作为一个父亲的重大意义和价值。
8.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段第二句及第四句可知，养育子女没有全面的指导手册，希望你的丈夫或妻子能帮助你向着正确的方向前进。据此推断，画线短语所在句表示有时候你会出错。由此可猜测，screw up意为“把……弄糟；出错”，与mess up意思相近。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的It’s the children whose parents allow them to do anything they want who often harbour doubts about whether they are really loved.可知，作者认为管教孩子是爱的一种表现。
10.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，父亲的角色赋予了生命无与伦比的意义，对我们很多人来说，为人父母很可能是一种抗抑郁剂，你的孩子总是会以这样或那样的方式需要你。由此推断，作者提到父母为孩子所做的事情是为了说明做父母的重要性。
11.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者认为自己作为父亲为孩子们做的事情很重要，是家庭延续不可缺少的一部分，有着不可估量的价值。由此推断，作者为自己的父亲身份感到自豪。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。阿姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行了一项研究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。
12.B　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行这项研究是想证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。
13.A　细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知，研究结果显示，说真话的人和说谎者回避目光的程度相似，但真实的陈述比欺骗性的陈述包含更多的细节。
14.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，维苏耶雷指出在现实世界中，你可能需要通过额外的调查或后续问题来确认陈述的准确性，即他认为他的研究应用于现实生活中会有一些局限性。
15.C　写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了评估范围广泛的行为信息会让判断一个人是否在撒谎变得更加困难，阿姆斯特丹大学的布鲁诺·维苏耶雷和他的同事们进行了一项研究，以证实只依靠陈述的细节来识别说谎者是相对容易的。由此可推知，作者写本文的主要目的是告知读者关于识别说谎者的科学发现。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青少年时期的一些特点以及远离消极同伴压力的方法。
16.C　上文提到了青少年时期是最令人困惑的阶段之一，且下文提到了消遣，因此本句旨在说明这一阶段的特点，C项（你处在一个探索的时期，试图找出自己的喜好）符合语境。
17.F　上文提到了不涉及道德判断的消遣，下文的例子则是关于道德判断的。由此可知，设空处应承上启下，F项符合语境，与上文构成转折关系，并引出下文的例子。
18.E　根据上文可知，想要融入群体可能会迫使你做一些违背自己正确判断的事情，下文则提到这并不会阻止你做真实的自己。由此可推测，本句旨在说明你因为害怕失去朋友或被嘲笑而不敢拒绝。故E项符合语境。
19.B　上文提到的是远离消极同伴压力的第一点措施，本句应说明远离消极同伴压力的第二点措施，故B项（其次，忠于自己的想法并坚持自己所相信的）符合语境。
20.G　上文提到：你可能已经成为团队中的催化剂，带来了积极的改变。G项（团队中的其他人可能会跟随你的领导并有勇气做正确的事情）符合语境，指出带来的具体改变。
Ⅲ.
Dear Chris，
　　Glad to receive your email asking about the voluntary activity I took part in last week.I’ll tell you some details about it.
　　Our school organized a voluntary activity to help the elderly in the local nursing home， and I got actively involved， talking with the old people and trying my best to amuse them.Looking at their smiling faces， I believe I’ve made a difference to their lives.I also realized the importance of having family close by.I made up my mind that I would spend more time with my grandparents.
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.fault　2.garbage　3.deadline　4.pretended　5.Organic　6.bonus　7.guidance　8.savings　9.harvest　10.virtue
维度二
1.discouraged　2.guidance　3.organically　4.savings
5.merciful　6.social　7.forgiveness　8.disappointed
9.guilty　10.resignation
维度三
1.However good an advertisement is
2.Once set
3.so that he was unable to
4.Not the manager but the workers are
5.Read this story， and you will realise
维度四
1.whose　2.on　3.which　4.gradually　5.responsibility　6.failures　7.assuming　8.betterment　9.so　10.rewarding
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了儿时当报童的经历，这段经历让他学会了如何理财、服务客户以及承担责任。
1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句可知，作者当报童送报时常常骑一辆破旧的二手自行车。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中作者对Kusek的描述可知，每次都说下周给报款的Kusek总是食言。
3.B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的two German Shepherds ...barking always pushed me one step back from the door可知，作者每周都要去Mr Schaefer家收报款，可是因为他家有两只凶猛的德国牧羊犬，所以作者每次去他家收款都很害怕。get/have cold feet意为“临阵胆怯；畏缩”。
4.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的My first job as a paperboy taught me about managing money， serving customers， and accepting responsibility.和I felt proud at that moment可知，作者非常感激当报童的这段经历。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何做好志愿者工作提出了一些建议。
5.G　上文提到：做志愿者同样有使命，需要负责任。空处为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明负责任的原因，故G项（人们都在依赖你，你应该负责任地付出你的时间）符合语境。
6.C　根据上文可知，本段主要是关于志愿者态度的说明，上文提到面带微笑表现出你想在那里做志愿者，由此可推测此处应表述的是需要积极的态度，C项中的a positive attitude对应上文中的a good attitude。故C项（如果你有积极的态度，你和你周围的每个人会更快乐）符合语境。
7.E　根据上文Follow the rules.可知，本段的建议是遵守志愿者的规则，下文中them指代E项中的a list of rules。故E项（有人可能已经给了你一份规则列表，不管是书面的还是口头的）符合语境。
8.A　本空位于本段开头，根据第三、四、六段开头语可知，本空应选祈使句作为本段的主旨句。根据下文中的let him know as soon as possible和share your thoughts with him可知，本段提到要多和他人分享自己的想法，即多和他人沟通。故A项（多交流）符合语境。
9.F　上文提到你可能在工作过程中注意到有其他的事情需要做，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明如何应对这种情况。故F项（不管这件事是什么，尽量去做，除非它违反了你组织的规定）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在女儿的影响下，作者决定开始写感恩日志。
10.C　根据下文中的I always looked for a perfect planner可知，“我”做事不够条理，因此“我”一直在寻找一本完美规划簿，“我”梦想着有了它“我”就能结束“我”的拖延症。
11.D　参见上题解析。
12.D　根据上文My daughter Julia and I headed to the school supply section in the shop the other day.可知，到了学习用品区，Julia挑了一本规划簿并拿给“我”看。
13.A　根据下文I thought of all the good habits I wanted to develop.可知，“我”认为规划簿上的习惯追踪将会对“我”很有帮助。
14.D　根据上文I asked Julia to put the planner in the cart （手推车）.可知，Julia说她也想买一本。
15.A　根据上文The next day， I filled in the habit-tracker section of my new planner可知，“我”决定作出一些积极的改变。
16.B　根据下文found the perfect planner ...together可知，“我”感到兴奋不已，或许“我”终于发现了完美的规划簿。
17.C　参见上题解析。
18.B　根据下文中的realized that I’d grabbed Julia’s可知，一天早上，“我”把Julia的规划簿当成是“我”自己的翻开了。
19.C　参见上题解析。
20.A　根据下文的how did she find time to do these things可知，Julia“习惯追踪”上的第一个任务是“写感恩日志”，第二个任务是“做好事”。尽管她很忙，但那一周她每天都会完成这两件事。
21.C　参见上题解析。
22.D　参见第20题解析。
23.B　根据上文Those two habits go together.可知，Julia说写感恩日志让她想做好事。
24.C　根据第一段中的I always looked for a perfect planner.可知，“我”花了很多年去寻找一本完美规划簿，殊不知，“我”需要的只是一本感恩日志。
Ⅳ.
　　A week later， the team gathered at the lot， carrying tools purchased with their earnings or donated by neighbours.Staring at the unused field of dirt， rocks， and weeds， Mariana thought it was not the soccer field in their dream.But she kicked into action with the others， cleaning up the mess.There was a huge rock in the middle of the field and the team moved it onto a rented truck.However， a gaping hole immediately appeared.With everyone working together they moved enough soil from the field’s edges to fill the hole.
　　Opening day attracted a huge crowd of soccer fans， all amazed by the new field.Before the game， the Rockers gathered together.They did it.Together they successfully turned an unseemly lot into their field of dreams.Everyone was excited and they decided to get out there hand in hand.Later， as the clock was running out on the 0∶0 score， Mariana kicked the ball hard.When she saw it slip through the opposing goalie’s hands， she realized that her dream had actually come true！
UNIT 2　Understanding each other
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.folded　2.obtain　3.mails　4.tone　5.clarify
6.sympathy　7.feedback　8.straightforward
维度二
1.approval　2.knowledgeable　3.reactions　4.gently
5.competent　6.precisely　7.suitable　8.negotiation
维度三
1.while enjoying the convenience
2.Not only her mother but also her sisters are
3.teach children how to survive
4.Only when； did she realize
维度四
1.communicator　2.whom　3.Depending　4.to decide
5.and　6.equally　7.whether 　8.to　9.yourself
10.allowing
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在异国如何克服不自信，适应新生活的故事。
1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的I expected they would be eager ...no one was interested可知，作者本来很想和同事一起去参加研讨会，可是他们对此不感兴趣。由此推断，作者对他们的反应可能会感到失望。
2.D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，作者到英国后，不敢参与工作上的讨论，害怕同事认为自己能力不足。再结合第三段第二至四句可推断，在新环境中的不自信导致作者心理出现问题，所以他在一次崩溃之后联系了学校的心理服务。
3.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的all of us clapping and ...the familiar songs可知，在音乐会上作者与其他听众一起唱熟悉的歌曲。
4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的So， when that conference came around， I felt comfortable registering to attend on my own可知，后来作者独自去参加了研讨会。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言在教学中的重要性。
5.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的The most effective communication occurs ...together with our verbal ones 可知，非言语信号和口头信号共同作用时，会产生沟通协同作用。由此可猜测，synergy意为“协同作用；增效作用”。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，大多数领导职位主要表现为行使控制。
7.C　目的意图题。根据最后一段内容可知，肢体语言的重要性不容忽视。在教学中提倡使用肢体语言，注意使用规则和技巧，这是可取的，应该使用正确、自然、清晰的肢体语言。由此可知，最后一段主要是给出建议，建议教师在教学中使用肢体语言。
8.A　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段中的The importance of body language in teaching can never be ignored.可知，文章主要介绍了教师使用肢体语言的重要性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了罗格斯大学的新发现——与邻居建立联系有益于健康。
9.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，独居与许多不利的健康结果有关，如心脏病、抑郁症和整体生理健康状况不佳。由此可知，独居老人的健康状况应受到关注。
10.D　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Enhancing neighbourhood cohesion may be a promising way to reduce early death for older adults who live alone.可知，与邻居的交往互动可以降低独居老人的死亡风险。
11.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，未来的研究应该关注邻里关系中的其他因素，以及它们如何影响老年人的健康。
12.A　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是最后一段最后一句可知，本文主要介绍了与邻居建立联系对健康的影响，呼吁我们每个人尽自己的一份力量对自己的邻居好一点。因此，A项（了解你的邻居）适合作为本文标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。适度恐惧是有好处的。
13.D　根据空前一句可知，许多人专门吓唬自己。故D项（他们看恐怖电影，坐过山车或跳伞）符合语境，D项中的They指代前一句的Many people。
14.G　根据设空处后一句可知，设空处和人的心理活动有关，故G项（实际上，当你经历恐惧时，几乎不可能想到你的担忧）符合语境，G项中的impossible to be thinking of your worries与后一句中的“eraser” for the mind相呼应。
15.C　设空处所在段主要讲了如果人挑战内心的恐惧，做一些让自己害怕的事情，会丰富自己的经历，从而让自己的人生少一些遗憾，故C项（恐惧让你活得充实）符合语境。
16.B　根据设空处前一句可知，恐惧会让你意识到什么是重要的，并顿悟抓住“现在”时刻的意义，故B项[“以后”永远无法保证（那些重要的人和事能被关心和完成）]符合语境，B项中的Later和前一句中的now相呼应。
17.F　最后两段总结全文。设空处与前一句在语义上构成递进关系。有人说恐惧与勇气相遇的地方，是最美好的地方。故F项（最重要的是，恐惧可能是变革、创造力和创新的发源地）符合语境。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.why　2.whose　3.who/that　4.which　5.（that）　6.as
7.which　8.where　9.when　10.whom
维度二
1.As we all know　2.where/in which he grew up　3.when/on which we visited the Palace Museum　4.that she had picked up　5.who/that made a speech
维度三
1.where　2.when　3.where　4.where　5.where
6.whose　7.who/whom/that　8.where　9.when
10.which/that
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者结合自身经历，讲述了不同文化之间的差异给人际沟通带来的影响。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的My colleagues almost always responded with a yes.But all too often， the deadlines came and went without the requested material.可知，同事答应作者的事情没有兑现，因此，作者肯定会感到不快；又根据最后两句可知，如果不是来自南非的老板对此进行解释，作者会一直感到困惑，不明白同事们为什么会这么做。由此可知，作者对那些同事可能感到困惑和不快。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的By contrast ...may be viewed as untrustworthy.可知，当讨论到热点问题时，中东地区的人往往会表现出强烈的情感回应。
3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，这位同事表达她的想法不是直接用语言，而是通过肢体语言、语气和其他与情境有关的提示。所以，她可能是一个高语境沟通者。
4.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的I have found that ... involve emotion， context and social expectations.可推知，在文章中作者可能会分别讨论上面提到的这些因素，而第三段讲的是情感因素，第四段讲的是语境因素。由此可以推断，在接下来的段落中最有可能讨论社会期望方面的文化差异。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了“irregardless”被收录进了《韦氏词典》，引起了广泛的争议，还介绍了这一单词被使用的历史以及人们对此的不同看法。
5.A　推理判断题。第一段主要介绍了“irregardless”一词从1795年起就一直被广泛使用，下文介绍了这个词在《韦氏词典》中的释义，人们对该词的看法以及该词的应用。由此可知，第一段的作用是引入关于“irregardless”一词的话题。
6.B　观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Irregardless” is too a word； you just don’t understand dictionaries.可知，麦金太尔认为“irregardless”的确是一个单词，只是我们对词典的理解不够。由此可知，麦金太尔对《韦氏词典》中“irregardless”的出现持支持态度。
7.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的So it’s a word， but its use is still discouraged in formal writing.可知，irregardless虽然是一个单词，但不鼓励人们在正式的写作中使用它。
8.D　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了“irregardless”被收录进了《韦氏词典》，引起了广泛的争议，还介绍了这一单词被使用的历史以及人们对此的不同看法。因此，D项（不管你怎么想，“irregardless”是一个单词）是本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着年龄的增长，我们是否还应该维持儿时的友谊？
9.B　上文说到拥有儿时的朋友对心理健康有益，由此推断，设空处说的应该是拥有儿时朋友的益处，故B项符合语境。设空后的form a huge part of who you are与B项中的helped shape you相呼应。
10.G　设空前说到调查结果显示，童年时与朋友待的时间长的男孩到了三十多岁后血压更低，由此可知，儿时的友谊对身体健康也有好处，故G项符合语境。
11.F　设空前说到运动方面的雄心壮志并没有使你成为体坛明星，设空后说到你想干点别的事情，F项符合语境。trainer、fitness与上文中的athletic构成词汇同现。本段中hit it big意为“非常成功”， the brains意为“智力超群的人”。
12.C　设空前说到儿时的朋友会以一成不变的眼光看待我们，设空后说到那些标签会使我们缺乏自信开拓新的领域。由此推断，设空处说的应该是那种一成不变的眼光对我们的负面影响。C项中的box you in意为“阻碍，禁锢”。
13.E　上文说到有时儿时的友谊会妨碍我们的发展，下文说到要珍惜对我们有积极影响的朋友，故E项符合语境。下文It might feel like losing a part of your old self.是对设空处的进一步解释。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了消防员McKenna教一名中学生练习摔跤期间与他结下的深厚友谊。
14.D　根据下文Coach McKenna可知，McKenna在这所学校做兼职教练，他知道当教练会花费很多精力。本空与下文中的Coach是原词复现。
15.C　根据下文McKenna drove Reed to meets and practices、cook healthy meals for the teenager、taught Reed how to drive， manage money可知，McKenna不仅教Reed摔跤，还在生活上照顾他。father-figure意为“父亲般的人，受尊敬的人”。
16.B　根据下文showed him around可知，McKenna到达学校的第一天受到了Reed的欢迎。
17.D　McKenna第一天来到这所学校时，Reed非常热情地带他参观，让McKenna觉得不拘束。
18.A　根据下文I wanted to help make him the best wrestler可推断，Reed有强烈的取得成功的愿望，所以McKenna想帮助他。
19.C　参见上题解析。
20.B　根据下文Coach McKenna ...got him part-time work.可推断，McKenna很快就了解到Reed和他的同学的处境，并帮助他找到了兼职。
21.D　根据上文a low-income area可推断，Reed家经济条件有限。resources在此意为“财力”。low-income与limited构成词汇同现。
22.C　根据下文where he’d cook healthy meals for the teenager可知，McKenna甚至在工作之余为Reed做饭。make time for意为“为……抽出时间”。
23.A　根据上文Louisville， Kentucky及下文中的invited Reed to come with them可推断，McKenna搬家了。
24.D　根据上文McKenna taught Reed how to drive， manage money可知，McKenna在教Reed生活中用到的各种技能，使他学会独立。
25.C　根据下文a full scholarship to Lindsey Wilson College可推断，Reed在高年级时变得出类拔萃。
26.B　根据上文taught Reed how to drive， manage money可知，在McKenna的指导和鼓励下，Reed获得了大学奖学金。guidance与taught、encouragement构成词汇同现。
27.C　根据空后everything McKenna did for him可知，Reed获得大学奖学金、在摔跤比赛中夺冠后，回顾McKenna为他所做的一切。
28.A　根据下文I don’t know where I would be without him可知，Reed对McKenna充满了感激。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了一些英文单词源自汉语的语言现象。
29.that/which　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词several English words，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
30.related　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作表语，应用形容词，表示“有关系的”，故填related。
31.It　考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，句中的真正主语是to believe that ...，故填It。
32.actually　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词，故填actually。
33.was called　考查动词的时态和语态。This sauce与call之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，且根据后面的in the 18th century可知，应用一般过去时，故填was called。
34.depending　考查固定搭配。depending on为固定搭配，意为“依附，取决于”，在句中作状语，故填depending。
35.to add　考查非谓语动词。attempt to do sth 表示“尝试做某事”，故填to add。
36.extends　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处是对客观事实的描述，应用一般现在时，又因设空处在句中作谓语，主语为The influence of Chinese on English words，故填extends。
37.elements　考查名词复数。element为可数名词，意为“要素，特色”，在此表泛指，且前面有Many修饰，故填elements。
38.a　考查固定搭配。quite a few为固定搭配，意为“相当多的”，故填a。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款受青少年欢迎的应用程序。
1.A　细节理解题。根据Instagram的介绍可知，这款应用程序的特别之处在于其用户在达到足够的关注者数量后，可以通过推广产品获得一些收入。
2.C　细节理解题。根据Snapchat的介绍可知，在该应用程序上，用户发布的照片或视频在他人看完后会很快被删除，这样设计的初衷是鼓励更自然的互动。
3.D　细节理解题。根据YouTube的介绍可知，这款应用程序已经被青少年普遍作为搜索引擎来使用。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。1547年，西班牙国王给他驻法国的大使发了一封密信。如今，经过近500年的时间，研究人员终于破解了密码，并读懂了这封信。
4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的In 1547， the king of Spain sent a coded （编码的） letter to his ambassador in France.可知，查理五世把信寄给他的大使。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的So Charles Ⅴ used a complicated code to send information that needed to be kept secret.可知，查理五世要寄一封加密的信是因为这封信涉及秘密。
6.B　段落大意题。根据第六段内容可知，本段描述了这封信中编码的模式。
7.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The discovery opens a door to even more history.可推断，未来还会有更多的发现。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了提供更好的服务，Affinia连锁酒店培训员工识别客人的肢体语言。
8.C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句以及第三段内容可知，Affinia连锁酒店正在培训其员工识别客人的肢体语言，以便更好地了解其需求。
9.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的A guest who makes eye contact while walking down the hall， for example， may be open to conversation.可推知，如果客人与酒店员工对视，酒店员工应该和客人做简单的闲聊。
10.C　代词指代题。根据画线单词所在句中的when they talk about service可知，这里指很多公司将服务设定为电话响铃几次员工才接起来。由此可猜测，it指代的是“服务”。
11.A　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可推知，帕蒂·伍德认为Affinia的训练是一种全新的尝试。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。城市中陌生人不愿意在公众场合进行过多交谈，社会学家Erving Goffman提出了“礼貌性疏忽”这一概念，认为这在社交互动生活中有着积极的影响。
12.B　推理判断题。文章第一段前两句描述了一种社交方式：陌生人在城市公共场所不说话。“我们”貌似越来越沉迷于移动设备。然后末句阐述了社会学家对此的看法。由此推断，第一段通过描述一种社交方式来开始叙述。
13.C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文They feel sorry about the way we seem to increasingly get lost in mobile devices可知，“我们”貌似越来越沉迷于移动设备，对于身边发生的事情是不关注的。oblivious to与unaware of为近义词，表示“对……是无意识的”。
14.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，当我们把目光从陌生人身上移开时，我们实际上是在表达对他人隐私的尊重。
15.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段及最后一段第一句可知，礼貌性疏忽的结果是我们都心照不宣地同意让对方去做他们喜欢做的事，它是维护公共社会秩序的重要组成部分。因此，礼貌性疏忽对社会互动有积极影响。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。义愤填膺，如何是好？试试同理心，换个角度，你将不再被愤怒牵着走。
16.D　第二段中的The second提示了此处应为The first kind，且D项中的sudden anger与下文中的sudden anger为原词复现，故D项（第一种我称之为突发的怒气）符合语境。
17.C　逗号后面的even for days or weeks解释了C项中的lasts much longer；此处与上一段末句中的disappear after a few minutes形成比较照应。比较照应指的是通过形容词和副词的比较等级形式以及其他一些有比较意义的词语表示的照应关系。
18.B　设空处与其上一句为并列关系，共同构成了上文中的you did have a reason to be upset的原因。B项（那封邮件的确做了不实的断言）符合语境。
19.A　A项中的they指代设空处上一句中的the other people； A项中的totally wrong与设空处下一句中的something valid形成转折；根据设空处下一句中的However也可再次确定这种转折关系。
20.E　E项中的It helps you ...与设空处上一句中的it helps you ...结构一致，这两句描述了拥有同理心后的好处。
Ⅲ.
　　Good morning， dear judges.I’m Candidate No.1.I am here to compete for the Young Ambassador for Cultural Exchange.
　　What distinguishes me from others is not only my rich experience but also my great enthusiasm.I have been in several international camps， from which I have acquired not only knowledge and skills but also a keen awareness of the importance of cultural exchange.
　　If accepted， I will be offered a perfect chance to broaden my horizons and spread our splendid traditional culture.I sincerely hope I can have the privilege.Thank you！
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.rejected　2.recite　3.handwriting　4.contest
5.vocabulary　6.tolerate　7.pessimistic　8.oppose
9.slipped　10.pure
维度二
1.fluently　2.tendency　3.sincerely　4.intention
5.cooperation　6.preference 　7.embarrassed　8.behaviour
维度三
1.Given that it’s raining outside
2.integrates Chinese and Western architectural styles
3.the fewer mistakes you will make
4.While/Although/Though we are confident in ourselves
5.It was not until the next day that
维度四
1.Borrowed　2.happens　3.to integrate　4.speakers
5.who　6.adopting　7.purity　8.welcoming　9.about　10.tendency
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于变色龙效应的研究，告诉我们人们通过习得他人的行为来拉近彼此之间的距离。
1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的people acquire the behaviour of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth可知，人们为了与他人建立联系，会习得他人的行为。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的The individuals weren’t aware of ... to ensure unconscious acts.可知，实验者用一张照片吸引参与者的注意力来保证他们的无意识行为。
3.B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的It has shown that when someone copies our behaviour， we develop more positive feelings about them.可推断出，实验表明，人们倾向于那些喜欢模仿自己行为的人。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中对变色龙效应的定义可知，随着时间的推移，丈夫和妻子有相似的行为是变色龙效应，这是因为他们经常在一起相处，会无意识地互相模仿。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与他人拥有一段健康且长久的关系。
5.A　下文介绍的是要想与他人拥有一段健康且长久的关系，就不要向对方撒谎，要以诚相待，A项（对他们要诚实）与下文内容一致，符合语境。
6.F　根据空前后内容可知，本段内容告诉我们要尊重同伴，不要只考虑自己，要学会适应他们的喜好，F项（总的来说，学会研究同伴的情绪、需要和需求）能够承接上下文，符合语境。
7.D　根据下文可知，本段内容告诉我们要带给同伴积极的能量，让他们觉得我们是可以依赖的人，D项（确保你在鼓励你的同伴）能够概括段落主旨，符合语境。
8.C　上文告诉我们要想与他人拥有一段健康且长久的关系，笑很重要，C项（笑能让你们的关系更牢固、更持久）能够承接上文，进一步阐述笑的重要性。
9.G　根据上文可知，本段内容告诉我们要与同伴进行良好的沟通，即使是一些令你不快的事，也要与他们交谈，而不是尖叫，G项（如果他们做了让你不开心的事情，请以一种尊重的方式告诉他们）能够承接上文，继续讲述如何与同伴沟通。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了高中生Vigil带他的奶奶参加的校园舞会。
10.B　根据下文对Vigil带Jarman去参加舞会的描述可知，他计划给自己的奶奶留下一个难忘的回忆。
11.C　根据下文Why don’t you just take Grandma to the prom？可知，Vigil学校的舞会即将来临。带奶奶去参加他的校园舞会是他的妹妹给他提的建议。
12.A　参见上题解析。
13.A　根据下文the teenager asked his granny if ...prom of her life可知，Jarman从未参加过舞会。
14.D　根据下文students ...under 20可知，这是学校的规定。
15.B　由于学校规定学生们只能带二十岁以下的舞伴，因此Vigil先联系了学校校长，问他自己能不能带奶奶去参加舞会。
16.B　根据下文Vigil把奶奶带到舞会现场可知，校长批准了他的请求。于是他询问奶奶是否愿意参加学校的舞会，奶奶接受了他的邀请。
17.D　参见上题解析。
18.B　参见第16题解析。
19.A　根据上文的students could only have partners under 20可知，其他学生都带着和自己年龄相仿的舞伴。
20.C　起初Vigil内心有点忐忑，不知道他的同学看到他带着自己的奶奶参加舞会作何反应。
21.D　之后看到同学们都很欢迎奶奶，他松了口气。
22.C　根据下文的She almost had me crying可知，Vigil的奶奶随着音乐一起唱这件事让他很受触动。
23.B　根据语境可知，Vigil的妈妈看到他努力想办法让奶奶开心，为他感到自豪。
24.A　根据语境可知，Vigil说：“奶奶是我最好的朋友，所以我想为她做一些特别的事情。”
Ⅳ.
　　Isabel told Amy not to jump around so much because the birds would be scared by her sudden movements.Amy calmed down， but she was shaking.Isabel asked Amy to just think about the birds.They carried each cage up to the reptile house.Some birds beat their wings when they felt the wind.Isabel spoke comfortingly to them， and they soon grew calmer.Amy watched in awe and tried to imitate Isabel.Finally， they finished relocating the birds and waited inside the reptile house for the storm to stop.
　　After several hours， the storm stopped， and Mrs Moreno was able to return to the center.She expressed concern that she’d left them alone for so long， but Mr Garza told her that Isabel’s cool thinking had saved the birds.Mrs Moreno looked at her daughter proudly.She asked Isabel how she could be so confident and courageous.Isabel said all she could think about was how scared the birds must have felt in their cages， and she just took charge.Isabel paused a second and added she felt proud of herself.
UNIT 3　Careers and skills
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.salary　2.attained　3.hired　4.passion　5.zones
6.servants　7.clerk　8.labour　9.prejudice（s）
维度二
1.receptionist　2.financially　3.operation　4.attainable
5.consultants　6.leadership
维度三
1.artificial intelligence will be superior to human intelligence
2.Wherever you go
3.made it possible for more people to work at home
4.Not only can he speak English
维度四
1.be attained　2.to be　3.achievement　4.providing
5.circumstances　6.to　7.chosen　8.personally　9.who　10.that
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了对新工作不安的苏珊克服负面情绪的故事。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Susan reached out to ...wrestled with the change.可知，苏珊在从事新工作几周后联系了作者，她在努力应对这一变化。由此可知，苏珊在努力适应她的新工作。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，考虑到苏珊担心的事情，她们决定需要从大处着手，借助让她接触新事物的机会，直接解决她的恐惧。
3.D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的It hasn’t been a smooth path ...she continues to sew.可知，苏珊学习缝纫的过程并不顺利。根据it all felt too hard和选项可知，苏珊因为缝纫太难而想“发怒”，即画线部分意为“发怒，发脾气”。
4.B　细节理解题。通读第四段可知，通过收集来自苏珊同事的高质量反馈，苏珊取得了小小的进步，这样也减少了她对短期内丢掉工作的忧虑。由此可知，经此之后，苏珊没有那么担心丢掉工作了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。风力发电对环境有益，但目前许多风力涡轮机的叶片使用完后都被填埋了，对环境造成一定危害。如何解决这一难题？研究人员带来了好消息。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Many spent turbine blades are piling up in landfills.可知，许多风力涡轮机的叶片使用完后都被填埋了，不能循环利用。由此可知，对环境的负面影响是它的一个弊端。本句中的spent意为“用过的，失去效力的”。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的you can make a blade out of it.You heat it to a certain temperature， and it melts back down.You can get the liquid resin back and reuse that可知，Derek的话主要说明了热塑性树脂是如何被循环利用的。
7.D　观点态度题。根据文章结尾Hopefully， recent progress will help make wind power even greener.可推知，作者对风能的未来持乐观态度。
8.A　主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了美国的风力能源使用情况，接着向读者抛出了一个问题：风力涡轮机的叶片是否存在垃圾处理问题？第二段最后一句引出了本文的主要内容；再根据第三段首句可知，本文主要介绍了一个制作环保的涡轮机叶片的新方法，旨在解决目前的难题。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。职业对我们的影响很大。在开始探索职业领域之前，我们应明确自己的价值观、兴趣和能力。对自己了解得越多，我们就越有能力选择一份满意的职业。
9.A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，对自己了解得越多，你就越有能力选择一份满意的职业。
10.B　词义猜测题。画线词后面that引导的定语从句表明aptitudes是让人们能够胜任今后工作的某些品质；再结合下文中的Most people are happiest with jobs that fit their values， interests， and skills.可知，aptitudes应该与skills意义相近。abilities （能力）和skills意义相近。
11.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Most people are happiest with jobs that fit their values， interests， and skills.可推知，在作者看来，能满足人的内在需要的职业才是理想的职业。
12.D　段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句及下文所举的例子可知，本段主要介绍了了解自己价值观的方法。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了高中生为了实现未来职业成功能够采取的措施。
13.G　空前一句说明了高中是开始为职业作出考虑的好时候。空后一句指出：这份清单介绍了你现在可以采取的一些措施，助你实现长期的职业成功。G项（利用这段时间探索职业机会并缩小选择范围是明智的）符合语境，G项中的this time与空前一句中的High school is a great time相呼应。
14.D　空前的小标题指出：完成好你的学业。空后一句说明了要按计划完成学业，对截止日期提前作出规划。D项（现在不是远离学业的时候）符合语境，D项中的schoolwork既与小标题中的school assignments相呼应，又与空后一句中的schoolwork构成原词复现。
15.C　上文说明了你要思考未来想从事什么样的工作。你喜欢和很多人待在一起，还是更喜欢一个人？你喜欢忙碌的办公室工作，还是更喜欢户外工作？C项（一个好的职业选择是“符合”你的个性和兴趣的）符合语境，C项中的personality和interests分别与设空处前的两个问句相呼应。
16.F　上文指出：你可以通过尝试实习工作或见习机会，尽早开始职业探索，这些在职训练能让你亲自接触你感兴趣的领域。下文说明了你可以提出问题，了解他们面临的挑战，并学习他们的经验。F项（此外，你将有机会结识专业人士，他们从事的正是你想做的工作）符合语境，F项中的professionals与空后一句中的they和their相呼应。
17.B　设空处为段落小标题，概括段落的主要内容。下文主要说明了父母能为你的重要决定出谋划策，他们能帮你更清楚地分析情况，在你解决问题时提供支持。B项（和父母谈谈你的未来计划）符合语境，B项中的parents与下文中的parents构成原词复现。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas.
2.That many students are addicted to computer games has become a hot issue./It has become a hot issue that many students are addicted to computer games.
3.The question worrying the public is whether ways will be found to stop pollution.
4.He hasn’t decided when he will leave home to make his fortune in big cities.
维度二
1.what they want
2.where the secret lies
3.what I intend to stress is that
4.that pleasant smells might reduce pain
维度三
1.that　2.what　3.Who　4.whether　5.What　6.that
7.how　8.that　9.that　10.whether
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了格特鲁德·B.埃利恩的求学经历和其令人印象深刻的职业生涯，以及她最终取得的成就。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的an unbelievable thirst for knowledge可知，作为一名高中生，埃利恩有强烈的求知欲。
2.C　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句并结合下文她与希钦斯博士一起研究患病细胞的化学成分来制造药物可以推断，埃利恩选择在大学里学习化学的原因是：要创造药物去治疗疾病。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Elion 26岁时在Burroughs Wellcome & Company工作；根据文章首句可知，他出生于1918年。由此可以推断，埃利恩在1944年开始为该公司工作。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者主要讲述了埃利恩所获得的荣誉。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根的生平及其她为航空事业作出的巨大贡献。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，在二战时，玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根从事武器的化学分析工作；根据第三段第一句可知，在战后，由于对武器需求的减少，她转而为北美航空公司工作。据此可知，由于国内需求的变化，她转移了工作重心。
6.D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的moving to California to work for NAA （North American Aviation） 可知，玛丽搬到了加利福尼亚州为北美航空公司工作；结合画线词的前缀aero可知，她转向的是航空领域。因此画线词意为“设计和制造飞机”。
7.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Her experience with ...leader on the project.可知，由于她在推进剂研究方面有着丰富的经验，摩根被任命为项目技术领导者。
8.B　推理判断题。根据第二段尾句可知，玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根暂时搁置了学位课程，到俄亥俄州从事危险的不稳定化学物质分析工作，据此可以推知，她很勇敢；根据第四段尾句可知，她进行了无数次试验，终于成功发明Hydyne，据此可以推知，她具有创造力。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学校帮助学生为未来做好准备的几种方式。
9.F　上文指出：面对充满未知的未来，学生该如何做好应对准备呢？下文介绍了学校可以通过四种方式帮助学生为未来做好准备，故F项符合语境。
10.D　空前一句指出：许多老师都持有一种态度：“只能听我的”，这种态度会给学生带来负面影响。空后一句说明了他们可以对班级甚至教学大纲产生重大影响。故D项（有时解决办法很简单：让学生占据主导地位）符合语境。设空处前一句中的negatively impacts与D项中的solution相呼应，设空处后一句中的They指代D项中的students。
11.A　下文主要说明了学校可以根据特定情境来激发学生的好奇心。例如，课外活动可以帮助学生打破日常单调的学习生活。故A项符合语境，A项中的curious与下文中出现两次的curiosity以及出现一次的curious构成原词复现。
12.B　空后一句指出：当不同的人被聚在一起展开合作时，多种独特的想法就能变成更大的成就。故B项（每个人都有自己的独特之处）符合语境，B项中的unique与设空处后一句中的unique构成原词复现。
13.G　上文说明了在未来的工作场所中，有效沟通是至关重要的。充分沟通想法的能力会产生更好的工作关系。故G项（因此，教会学生进行有效沟通是必需的）符合语境，与上文构成因果关系，G项中的communicate effectively与上文中的Effective communication相呼应。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为志愿者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪的经历，这段经历使作者领悟到一些道理。
14.D　根据第一段可知，在2020年，作者自愿加入了一家新成立的社会企业。
15.C　根据下文中的a visually impaired trainee chef可知，该企业为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供烹饪课程。
16.A　根据空后的with people可知，此处表示和人们之间的互动。
17.B　根据语境可知，作者全程应是忙着的。
18.D　根据常识可知，幕后工作应是很快就变得无聊了。
19.C　根据上文We called ourselves “sighted assistants”可知，作者作为助手应是为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供帮助，即每个人都匹配了一名厨师。
20.D　根据常识可知，作者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪，此处应该表示去厨房。
21.B　根据下文可知，当有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪时，他们会遇到很多问题，而志愿者在身边会确保他们的安全。
22.C　根据空后的the position of the sink可知，此处表示弄清楚洗碗槽的位置。leave out不包括；miss out遗漏；point out指出。
23.A　根据空后的boiling and hot objects及常识可知，此处表示避免接触沸腾和热的物体。
24.A　根据空后的how difficult life can be when you are 　25　 or completely blind可知，通过此次志愿者经历，作者理解了视觉障碍者的生活是多么艰难。
25.B　根据空后表示选择关系的or可知，和他们在一起让作者真正体会到当部分或完全失明时，生活会多么艰难。
26.C　根据上文how difficult life can be when you are 　25　 or completely blind可知，失明使生活不容易，因此生活中的每一个小任务都需要巨大的努力。
27.A　根据文章内容可知，作者意识到有很多残疾人。
28.D　此处与上文的how difficult life can be相呼应，作者认为我们不缺少方法让这些人的生活变得更容易。
Ⅳ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工匠精神在英国一直备受推崇。
29.perfection　考查词形转换。空处作介词of的宾语，故填名词perfection。
30.finely　考查词形转换。空处作状语，修饰made，应用副词，故填finely，意为“精巧地”。
31.a　考查冠词。设空处表泛指，且turning的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
32.was led　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，这场运动是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，又因It（the Arts and Crafts movement）与lead之间为被动关系，故填was led。
33.to maintain　考查非谓语动词。fight to do sth表示“努力做某事”，故填to maintain。
34.producing　考查非谓语动词。空处作介词of的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，故填producing。
35.traditional　考查词形转换。空处作定语，修饰English craftsmanship，故填形容词traditional，意为“传统的”。
36.on/upon　考查固定搭配。be based on/upon为固定搭配，意为“根据……，以……为基础”。
37.that/which　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词the molten （熔化的） brass，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
38.brands　考查名词复数。brand是可数名词，在此表泛指，且前面无冠词，句中的谓语为are driving，故填其复数形式brands。
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个岗位的用工要求和薪资待遇。
1.A　细节理解题。根据 Care and Support Workers部分中的￡7.50 per hour to ￡10.00 per hour可知，护理及支援人员是按小时支付报酬的。
2.D　细节理解题。根据Finance Assistant部分中的City of Bristol和Closing date：20 December可知，Bristol市适合那些在12月份寻找工作的人。
3.A　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四个岗位的基本信息。由此可知，本文最有可能来自招聘手册。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来在中国的年轻人中兴起的“斜杠生活”。
4.B　细节理解题。根据文章首句可知，“斜杠青年”更可能从事多种职业。
5.D　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，二人都不顾老一辈人的反对，坚持自己的音乐梦想。
6.C　目的意图题。文章最后一段分析了“斜杠生活”兴起背后的经济和社会原因。由此可推知，最后一段的目的是从现象中得出结论。
7.D　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段的总结升华可知，文章主要介绍了中国的年轻人所追求的“斜杠生活”，这种趋势让职场人仍可以追逐他们的梦想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了“软技能”对于事业成功的重要性。
8.A　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可推知，精通英语属于“硬技能”。
9.C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，很多雇主很渴望这些“软技能”。
10.D　标题归纳题。根据第一段第二句、第三段最后一句、第四段第一句和第五段第一、二句可知，本文主要讲述“软技能”对你的职场成功发挥着重要作用。故D项为文章最佳标题。
11.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的but soft skills don’t come naturally可知，“软技能”并不是天生的，是需要培养的。由此可知，接下来作者可能会讲到如何培养“软技能”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了校园商店“职业衣橱”给学生带来的好处。
12.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可知，“职业衣橱”主要提供的是职业装；根据常识可知，职业装一般是优雅的时装。因此stylish意为“高雅的”，和elegant意思相近。
13.D　目的意图题。根据第三段中的Career Closets aim to address the need for students on limited budgets to have professional clothing可知，“职业衣橱”的目的是帮助资金有限的学生获得商务套装。
14.B　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Margaret Sykes对“职业衣橱”的态度是支持的。
15.C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了校园商店“职业衣橱”给学生带来的好处。故C项为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者选择职业的过程。
16.G　空后一句提到了一个知道作者阅读习惯的人。故G项（我们镇上的图书管理员，特内夫人，对我成为现在的我真的很重要）符合语境。G项中的Mrs T nne对应空后的she。
17.C　空前一句提到学校的图书管理员把作者的诗寄给了杂志（社），由此可知，本句是在说明结果：作者第一次出版了作品。故C项（我第一次出版的作品！）符合语境。
18.D　空后一句提到作者只有和认识的人在一起才很外向，由此可知，作者害怕采访他人。故D项（我害怕采访别人）符合语境。
19.A　根据空前一句可知，作者十年后再次回到了曾经实习过的《读者文摘》（杂志社）做编辑，由此可推知，A项（回家的路很长）符合语境。
20.F　下文列举的故事让作者想起了自己的经历，故F项（这一期中的故事似乎将我自己介绍给了你们）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
Dear Eric，
　　I totally understand what you’re going through since I felt the same last year.In my opinion， career confusion is natural and can even be good.It pushes us to think about our options， explore opportunities， and eventually reach a well-thought-out decision.
　　My anxiety has been reduced after I sought career guidance from professionals， which can also help you.Besides， bear in mind that hobbies matter.You can turn your favourite activities into a career and transfer your skills.
　　I hope my advice can be helpful.Please keep me updated.
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
基础知识自测
维度一
1.delay　2.rainbow　3.temporary　4.convey　5.seize
6.candidates　7.profile　8.loan　9.applicants　10.genuine
维度二
1.corporation　2.firmly　3.application　4.priority
5.rudeness　6.criteria　7.commercial　8.refreshed
维度三
1.When and where to hold a basketball match hasn’t
2.did go abroad
3.Prior to making a decision
4.when praised
维度四
1.applicant　2.to　3.preparations　4.what　5.refreshed　6.duration　7.interviewer　8.which　9.greeting
10.to seize
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师的摄影体验。为了拍出优秀的照片，他付出了很多，其中不乏艰辛，当然也有收获和遗憾。
1.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的To make some of my landscape shots ...the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.可知，作者和他的朋友们到州立公园或乡村去拍摄，以此来应对中西部缺少地理多样性的挑战。
2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，恰当的地点和恰当的时间对于拍摄任何风格的照片都起着决定性的作用。由此可知，作者认为风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的However， we did not mark the route ...it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.可知，作者他们几乎完全错过了日落，之后安置拍摄设备的时间就非常有限了，也就是说他们到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。
4.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，虽然有准备不充分和时间管理不明智等方面的遗憾，作者依然认为这是一些自己拍摄的最好的照片。由此可推知，作者对自己拍摄的照片很满意。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何应对忙碌给出了一些建议。
5.F　根据设空处前的but these attempts don’t always work可知，F项内容承接上文进一步解释，指出相关的书并不是都很管用，反而会让你变得更忙碌。
6.B　根据设空处前的when a new lane is added to a motorway可知选B项，B项中的The extra capacity与上文所述的新加一条车道相呼应。
7.D　上一段提到the potential supply of new tasks，空后提到Social expectations do， too.，故D项符合语境，D项中的work承接上文；not just引出下文。
8.A　根据上文可知，生产力的提高意味着我们可以做更多的工作，但是我们会发现，要做的事情总是比我们拥有的时间多。A项符合语境，与上文为因果关系。正因为要做的事情比拥有的时间多，所以我们总要做艰难的选择。
9.C　根据设空处后的Otherwise可知，做选择的时候，要明明白白，否则事后还是会让自己陷于忙碌之中。故C项符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”的父母因故未能参加“我”的音乐剧演出，为此“我”耿耿于怀，但妈妈的肯定使“我”很快就释然了。
10.C　根据下文This was the second grade play.可知，为了那晚的成果展示，“我”准备了好几周。
11.D　根据空后的to be the shining star in my class’s performance可知，“我”已准备好做全班最耀眼的明星。
12.B　根据下文My parents wouldn’t be attending the musical.可知，唯一的问题就是“我”父母不能来观看“我”的音乐剧表演。
13.C　根据下文her surgery可知，“我”的妈妈生病了。
14.A　根据下文we all filed onto the stage.The show began可知，那个重要的时刻很快就到来了。
15.D　根据空后的as my classmates stumbled （不顺畅地说） through their lines可知，“我”听同学们说着他们的台词。
16.B　此处意为：终于轮到“我”了。
17.A　根据上文standing next to me可知，“我”旁边的小孩小心翼翼地把麦克风递给“我”。
18.D　根据语境可知，开始说台词前“我”深深地吸了一口气。
19.B　根据上文I noticed the microphone was not turned on可知，当“我”开始说话时，发现麦克风没开，“我”因此而感到尴尬。
20.B　根据上文I then said my line as quickly as possible.可知，当看到该“我”说台词的那段时，“我”很紧张。
21.C　根据上文I noticed the microphone was not turned on ...I then said my line as quickly as possible和下文she told me how proud可知，妈妈并没有对“我”感到失望，她对“我”的处事不惊感到自豪。
22.D　参见上题解析。
23.A　根据下文convinced myself that I had done an amazing job under the given circumstances可知，“我”立刻感到很轻松了。
24.C　根据上文My parents wouldn’t be attending the musical.可知，妈妈的话让“我”很开心，“我”几乎已经忘记她没能参加“我”的演出了。
Ⅳ.
　　Feeling that country life might turn out okay， I wandered off， taking my violin with me.Suddenly I heard something I wasn’t expecting — a beautiful， jazzy tune.I pushed through some corn only to come face-to-face with a cow.Then another hot jazz riff floated through the air.I turned around and saw a tall kid playing an old saxophone in a field of corn.His music was fantastic， and he didn’t dress the way I figured a country kid would.This guy was wearing clothes that made him look cool， like a famous performer.
　　I couldn’t resist， so I took out my violin and began to play along.The boy looked surprised， but he didn’t miss a beat.We played together， and by the end， a cow was tapping her tail to the rhythm.When we finished， we introduced ourselves to each other and became friends.We also decided to write songs together.I looked at my new friend， the cheerful cow and tall corn.I could feel my thoughts about country life already changing， and I had a feeling it would change a lot more.
UNIT 4　Never too old to learn
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础知识自测
维度一
1.refreshed　2.self-worth　3.educator　4.composition
5.blank　6.registered　7.concrete　8.abstract　9.objective
10.ceased
维度二
1.Assuming　2.resolution　3.registration　4.compositions
5.subscription　6.criticism　7.inquiry　8.comprehension
维度三
1.subscribe to an English newspaper
2.The problem to be discussed at the next meeting
3.It was last summer that
4.make all the kids happy
5.so that he could buy his mother a present
6.where I stayed for three years
维度四
1.it　2.changing　3.to　4.experiences　5.to grow　6.an　7.and　8.simply　9.what　10.be applied
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了企业越来越重视员工的学习能力的现象。
1.C　目的意图题。根据第一段内容可知，就寻找、保住工作而言，有一项技能变得越来越重要，即学习能力。Eric Schmidt曾谈到谷歌的招聘重点是寻找“学习型动物”，即能够主动学习的人。作者通过介绍谷歌的招聘理念，举例说明了企业认为学习能力是一项重要的技能。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后三句可知，很多雇主通常都不愿意培训员工，因为这些员工在接受了昂贵的培训且获得技能后，可能会跳槽到竞争对手处。但Gail Jackson持有不同的观点，她曾说：“与其不培训员工并把他们留在公司，还不如让员工接受培训后再离开。”由此可推知，“这种态度”是指企业应该在员工培训方面作出投资。
3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，Satya Nadella在接任微软总裁时，为公司文化制定了一个新方向。他借鉴了一位心理学教授的观点，改进了其绩效评估标准，包括评估员工是如何向他人学习并应用所学知识的。由此可推知，Satya Nadella上任后，在企业内推广了一种学习型文化。
4.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，AT & T面临着两大劳动力问题，该公司的应对措施是一项宏伟的计划：重新培训自己的员工。该公司开发了一些短期课程，员工能利用自己的时间来学习新技能。由此可知，AT & T的应对方法是培训现有员工学习新技能。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。十六世纪意大利工程师Agostino Ramelli设计的一个复杂而奇妙的装置——书轮，现如今由来自罗彻斯特理工大学的学生们将其变为了现实。
5.A　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，Ramelli设计了很多精巧的装置。由此可推知，他头脑活跃，富有创造力。
6.C　段落大意题。第二段主要讲述了一群来自罗彻斯特理工大学的学生将Ramelli描述的书轮变为现实。
7.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，Galbraith认为Ramelli是为了当时要相互参照书籍的需求而量身打造的书轮。本段中的Lazy Susan意为“餐桌转盘”。
8.D　写作目的题。本文主要讲述了罗彻斯特理工大学的学生们将意大利工程师Ramelli设计的书轮变为现实这一故事。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语学习者最常犯的几个错误。
9.E　上文说明了全球大约有十亿英语学习者，但是要流利地使用英语并非易事。根据下文四个小标题可知，E项（下面是英语学习者最常犯的一些错误）符合语境。
10.A　空前一句指出：在英语中，很多形容词在意思和形式上都很相似，比如bored/boring和interested/interesting。下文指出结果，英语学习者一不小心就会用错。A项（这几对词语仅相差几个字母）符合语境，与下文构成因果关系。A项中的These pairs指代设空处前一句中列举的两对形容词。
11.F　空前一句指出：在许多语言中，宾格代词（例如him和her）和物主代词（例如his和hers）是相同的。F项以西班牙语进行举例说明，符合语境。F项中的both translated as “su libro”与设空处前一句中的the same相呼应。
12.C　上文指出：在许多语言中，你只需要在句子末尾加一个问号，就能把陈述句变成疑问句。C项（但在英语中，要想构成疑问句，通常需要改变词序）符合语境，与上文构成转折关系。C项中的word order与小标题中的word order构成原词复现。
13.D　上文说明了英语中有三个冠词：“the”“an”和“a”，英语老师都清楚的一点是，很难解释清楚冠词使用的准确规则，况且还有很多特殊用法。D项（对于母语中没有冠词的学习者来说，这点尤其困难）符合语境。D项中的articles与小标题中的article和上文中的articles构成原词复现。
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
基础知识自测
维度一
1.⑤　2.④　3.②③⑥　4.①
维度二
1.while what she said is true
2.which cost him a well-paid job
3.However/No matter how busy we are
4.since I was five
5.or you will be late
6.There is no doubt that
7.There is a small pool
维度三
1.when　2.otherwise/or　3.are　4.or　5.which
6.Although/Though/While　7.but　8.which
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一家公司研发的微型博物馆，旨在让更多人有机会参观博物馆，让学习在不经意间发生。
1.D　词义猜测题。第三段首句衔接第二段内容，make a splash与第二段末句中的earned high praise from almost everyone及第三段首句中的has some attention-drawing aspects意义相近，意为“引起很大关注”。
2.A　推理判断题。作者在第二段末句提出问题：到底是什么让该博物馆赢得大众的普遍赞誉？第三段是为解释该问题服务的；第三段谈到该博物馆为了向人们解释软体动物的奥秘下了大功夫，还谈到其选址的独特性：由于规格较小，可以随时移动，可在公共机构设置此类博物馆。
3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的MICRO seeks to make exhibits more accessible in places with fewer museums.可知，MICRO选址时更倾向于考虑博物馆比较少的地方，以满足这些区域的人们对展览的需求。
4.A　标题归纳题。文章介绍了MICRO公司的微型博物馆，旨在让更多人有机会参观博物馆，让学习在不经意间发生。A项作标题最能概括文意。A项中的Tiny Museums指MICRO公司开发的这种自动售货机大小的博物馆，Big Ideas指MICRO公司的愿景。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。为了负担得起成为一名全日制学生，作者开始做一份全职工作，结果因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告，只能选择暂时停止上学，继续工作。后来公司关闭了，作者为自己的决定感到后悔。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，作者得到了经济援助，能够负担得起入学费用、书籍、用品、课程材料和其他与学校相关的费用，但负担不起住房、交通、食物、医疗和其他基本生活必需品。由此可推知，作者在经济上陷入困境。
6.A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，作者很快开始在机场做飞机客舱清洁工，因此在机场的第一个夜班，作者就要清理各种大小的飞机。由此可知，画线词意为“清理”。
7.A　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，在机场工作和上学不太容易兼顾。在秋季学期结束时，作者因为出勤率问题收到了最后一次警告。作者又一次处于进退两难的境地，不得不作出决定。作者想去上学，取得优异成绩，但也已经习惯了在经济上养活自己。由此可推知，作者很困惑。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者为工作付出了很多，甚至牺牲了自己的教育，现在作者将既没有工作也没有教育。作者终于明白了祖母曾经说过的一句话：你的工作是暂时的，而你所受的教育是永远的。由此可推知，学校教育的重要性应该得到承认。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章为有意打暑期工的学生提供了一些建议。
9.F　根据本段主题句可知，本段内容围绕resume 展开。设空处下一句中的also提示设空处与空后一句为递进关系，F项（去学校职业服务中心寻求简历方面的帮助）及设空处下一句“你也可以使用免费的网络工具轻松创建一份简历”为制作简历的两种方法。故F项符合语境。
10.D　根据本段小标题及设空处下一句可知，本段围绕毕业之后正式就业的事情展开。D项（你大学毕业后想要做什么？）与本段主题相符，建议读者在找暑期工作时，应该将眼光放长远些，最好找对以后正式就业有帮助的职位，为以后的正式就业打基础。
11.B　设空处上一句中的drop by、B项、设空处下一句中的give your 30-second speech为按照时间顺序发生的三个动作，这一连串动作将上下文衔接起来。
12.A　设空处为本段小标题，结合本段内容可知，本段围绕“工作推荐人、介绍人”展开。A项符合语境。A项中的references与本段中的references构成原词复现；本段中的former bosses、current mentors是references的具体人选。
13.G　G项中的can’t find something immediately与设空处下一句中的Keep looking for opportunities形成反义关系，将上下文衔接起来。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了高中生教小学生阅读，在此过程中，双方的阅读水平都得到了提升。
14.D　根据下文the front desk和she’ll be teaching second-and third-graders可知，Mikala在前台登记后，走到教室。
15.B　参见上题解析。
16.C　根据上文a senior at Eastern High和下文back in the ninth grade可知，Mikala现在是高中生，因此她从九年级开始这份工作。末段中的when she started almost four years ago也是提示。
17.B　根据上文Mikala， a senior at Eastern High和空后的like her可知，这里指像Mikala一样的高中生。
18.D　根据空后两句可知，这是两个方面，表示Reach这个非营利机构既帮助读写能力差的学生，与此同时也让教他们的老师（高年级的学生）受益。
19.C　根据上文to be reading tutors for elementary school students可知，此处指华盛顿特区公立学校三分之二的学生在上高中时，不具备与年级水平相对应的阅读或写作能力。
20.B　破折号后的by giving them the tools to teach younger kids解释说明其前的内容，因此，Reach帮助这些高年级学生成为更好的阅读者。这里体现的是“教学相长”的思想，即教别人的同时也提升了自己。
21.C　根据上文trains high school ...to be reading tutors for elementary school students可知，很显然，这里的教师项目是将低年级和高年级学生进行配对。
22.A　根据该空后的But most以及接下来介绍Reach的不同做法可知，类似这种配对的教师项目很常见。
23.C　下文Most of the teenage tutors ...reading between the fourth-and sixth-grade level.是解答本题的关键信息，同类项目中的青少年教师都成绩优秀，而Reach开展的这个项目中，所选的青少年教师本身阅读水平并不高，因此四个选项中只有high-achieving与之构成对比，符合语境。
24.A　冒号后的内容具体介绍Reach的做法。turn sth on its head意为“颠倒某事物预期的顺序”。
25.D　根据上文this work、a tutoring program、Tutoring programs可知，此处指这个教师项目。
26.B　根据tutors和training并结合上文trains high school ...可知，这些教师都是高中生，且阅读水平并不是很高，因此他们要接受读写能力指导的培训。
27.A　根据下文role models可知，这些教师被定位为榜样。
28.A　reading a lot more thSection Ⅲ　Integrated skills
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The Most Popular Apps for Teens
Instagram
　　Instagram has become a popular way to get followers and get to feel like a celebrity.Instagram lets users post photos and videos for their users to check them out and be updated about what is going on in their lives.Teens with enough followers are getting deals from brands to promote products and earn money.
WhatsApp
WhatsApp has literally replaced text messages.In fact， messaging has become synonymous with WhatsApp.WhatsApp allows you to send and receive messages by using the Internet connection of your phone.It allows sending images， GIFs， videos， voice clips and documents.Users can upload the status that stays for contacts to watch for 24 hours.
Snapchat
　　Snapchat is a visual social media platform with over 300 million monthly active users.Snapchat lets users share snaps which could be photos or videos.The video duration can be 60 seconds and Snapchat deletes snap as soon as the target user checks the snap out.This temporary nature of the app was originally designed to encourage a more natural flow of interaction.There is also the feature of uploading stories.You can even add 3D special effects for a better look.
YouTube
　　YouTube needs no introduction and it is undoubtedly one of the popular apps for teens.It is a popular video-sharing service where people can upload and watch videos.Even parents encourage kids to use YouTube to find educational videos.Users can search for any topic and find a relevant video.That is why YouTube has become the new search engine among teens.
1.What’s special about Instagram’s users？（　　）
A.They can sell products.
B.They can become celebrities.
C.They can send messages for free.
D.They can post photos and videos.
2.What encourages a more natural flow of interaction on Snapchat？（　　）
A.Uploading the status.
B.Uploading the stories.
C.Allowing the snaps to last a short time.
D.Adding 3D special effects for photos.
3.Which would be the best choice for us to search for a certain video？（　　）
A.Instagram. B.WhatsApp.
C.Snapchat. D.YouTube.
B
　　（2024·江苏盐城高二期中）In 1547， the king of Spain sent a coded （编码的） letter to his ambassador in France.Now， after nearly 500 years， researchers have finally cracked （破解） the code and can read the letter.It turns out that the king was worried someone might be trying to kill him.
　 Charles Ⅴ was the king of Spain from 1516 to 1556.But his power went far beyond Spain.As the “Holy Roman Emperor”， Charles Ⅴ controlled lands across Europe.In spite of his great power， he had to manage many threats.
　　Three years before the letter was written， Charles Ⅴ had made a peace deal with King Francis Ⅰ of France.But there was still a lot of information he didn’t want to share with the king of France.
　　At the time， the only way to communicate across long distances was to send letters.But letters weren’t secure.So Charles Ⅴ used a complicated code to send information that needed to be kept secret.
　　Cecile Pierrot is a cryptographer — an expert in codes.She and a team of other cryptographers set out to figure out what the letter said.The code was harder to crack than Ms Pierrot had expected.But as the researchers studied the three-page letter， they began to notice some patterns.
　　Some symbols stood for just one letter.Others stood for several letters combined.And a few of the symbols stood for whole words.To make things more difficult， some symbols meant nothing at all and were only included to make the code harder to crack.
　　After three years of efforts， the experts finally cracked the code.The team says the decoded letter tells them a lot about tensions in Europe at the time.The discovery opens a door to even more history.There are hundreds of similar letters all over Europe.Now that the code is broken， historians will have a much easier time learning what Charles Ⅴ was thinking about during his time as a leader.
4.Whom did Charles Ⅴ send the letter to？（　　）
A.An ambassador. B.Roman Emperor.
C.King Francis Ⅰ. D.Cecile Pierrot.
5.Why did Charles Ⅴ send a coded letter？（　　）
A.He liked playing with codes.
B.It was his writing style.
C.It was a rule at the time.
D.The letter involved secrets.
6.What is Paragraph 6 mainly about？（　　）
A.The process of the work.
B.The patterns of the code.
C.The importance of the letter.
D.The information about the experts.
7.What does the last paragraph indicate？（　　）
A.The code will become more popular.
B.It will be easier for people to create codes.
C.There will be more discoveries in the future.
D.People will get more information about all leaders.
C
　　Forget calling the front desk.If you’re a guest at an Affinia hotel， the staff will try to find out what you need just by looking at you.
　　The Affinia Hotel Collection is improving service in its five hotels in New York City and one each in Chicago and Washington D.C.Everyone from housekeeping to management will communicate with guests based on body language.
　　A body language expert trained employees on what cues （信号） to look for.A guest who makes eye contact while walking down the hall， for example， may be open to conversation.A businessman frequently touching an ear is probably nervous and may be interested in a therapeutic pillow （理疗枕头）.
　　“So many companies， when they talk about service， they program it to how many rings till you answer the phone，” says John Moser， marketing officer for Affinia.“That doesn’t sound very reasonable.Let’s give employees some tools they can use to find out what’s the right way to talk with somebody at a particular time.”
　　Patti Wood， a body language expert who carried out the Affinia training， says she has never seen such training given to all hotel employees.“All of the training is to make sure every single guest is treated as special，” she says.
　　Staff questions about a guest’s day won’t disappear， Moser says.But， he says， small talk isn’t always enough to get a reading of a guest’s needs.“You can’t always tell from the first sentence whether someone is happy or unhappy，” he says.“Measuring some of the things they’re showing with the way they’re talking to you， can help our employees provide service that’s more personal for them.”
8.What are Affinia hotels doing？（　　）
A.Understanding their employees better.
B.Setting up new hotels in different cities.
C.Training employees to understand guests’ needs better.
D.Improving their employees’ body language.
9.What should a hotel employee do if a guest looks into his or her eye？（　　）
A.Offer a pillow.
B.Make a small talk.
C.Avoid speaking to the guest.
D.Be open to the guest’s suggestions.
10.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to？（　　）
A.The company. B.The phone.
C.The service. D.The hotel.
11.What does Patti Wood think of Affinia’s training？（　　）
A.It is completely new.
B.It makes employees feel special.
C.It will take the place of staff questions.
D.It is following some other companies’ examples.
D
　　Those who don’t live in cities often complain about or feel surprised at the fact that strangers don’t talk to each other in urban public places.They feel sorry about the way we seem to increasingly get lost in mobile devices， seemingly oblivious to what’s going on around us.But sociologists recognize that the space we give each other in the urban places serves an important social function.
　　Well-known sociologist Erving Goffman developed the concept of “civil inattention” in his book Behavior in Public Places.Far from ignoring those around us， Goffman proved that what we’re actually doing is pretending to be unaware of what others are doing around us， therefore providing them a sense of privacy， as they do the same for us.Goffman proved in his research that civil inattention typically involves at first a mirror form of social interaction， like very brief eye contact， the exchange of head nods， or weak smiles.Following that， both parties then typically move their eyes from the other party.
　　Goffman theorized that what we achieve， socially speaking， with this kind of interaction， is mutual （相互的） recognition that the other present causes no threat to our security， and we both agree， tacitly （默契地）， to let the other alone to do as they please.When we provide civil inattention to others， we effectively approve their behavior.Sometimes， we use civil inattention to save face when we’ve done something we feel embarrassed by， or to help manage the embarrassment that another might feel if we witness them trip， or drop something.
　　Civil inattention is thus not a problem， but an important part of maintaining social order in public.We expect it from others and see it as normal behavior.We may feel threatened by someone who doesn’t give it to us.This is why women feel threatened by those who catcall （发嘘声） to them， and why for some men， simply being stared at by another is enough to cause a physical fight.
12.How does the author begin this text？（　　）
A.By giving people a warning.
B.By describing a way of socializing.
C.By comparing some people’s feelings.
D.By giving a problem with technology.
13.What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean？（　　）
A.Tired of. B.Unsure about.
C.Unaware of. D.Curious about.
14.What do we actually mean when we look away from a stranger， according to Goffman？（　　）
A.We are ignoring him on a rude basis.
B.We are showing our respect for others’ privacy.
C.We are worrying that we could lose belongings.
D.We are protecting ourselves from physical attacks.
15.What can be learned from the text about civil inattention？（　　）
A.Civil inattention has positive effects on social interaction.
B.Civil inattention helps save face when we’ve done wrong to others.
C.Civil inattention isn’t linked to social interaction according to Goffman.
D.Civil inattention is a type of normal behavior which we may feel threatened.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Dealing With Righteous Anger
　　There are two types of anger you might experience in life and both are perfectly valid.16.（　　）. It’s not logical at all and it’s perhaps even a little out of control.When you accidentally hit your toe against something hard on the way to the bathroom in the morning and it hurts， that’s sudden anger.That type of anger will disappear after a few minutes and you’ll go back to your normal mood.
　　The second is what I’ll call righteous anger.You haven’t hurt your toe but maybe someone forwarded an email about your work performance that was not true or you found out you were the subject of some office gossip （闲言碎语）.17.（　　）， maybe even for days or weeks.Sometimes it turns into bitterness and can make you a difficult person.The truth is that you did have a reason to be upset.Someone did spread gossip.18.（　　）. How you deal with righteous anger is a sign of your character， experience， and maturity level.
　　My advice is to solve anger by choosing to have empathy （同理心）.When you only see how you’ve been slighted （轻视） and think about that in your head over and over again， it can turn bad.In any situation， you can change the perspective to the other people involved.19.（　　）.However， there is usually something valid about their perspective even if there is only a small sliver of validity.Be careful before you send off an angry email in response to justify yourself.
　　Instead， start with empathy — what was the perspective of your colleagues， what motivated them？ When you have empathy， it helps you avoid seeing only how you’ve been hurt.20.（　　）.
A.Maybe they were totally wrong
B.The email did make unfair claims
C.Righteous anger lasts much longer
D.The first kind is what I’ll call sudden anger
E.It helps you resolve conflicts and deal with anger
F.There’s some interesting science involving sudden anger　
G.Righteous anger will come up frequently in the workplace　
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　为迎接外国姐妹学校来访，学校准备选拔“文化交流小使者（Young Ambassador for Cultural Exchange）”。请你用英语写一篇竞选演讲稿，内容包括：
　　1.自我介绍；
　　2.竞选理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5 / 6　 UNIT 2　Understanding each other
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.The little girl f　　　　　　 her newspaper and put it in an envelope.
2.The purpose of the audit is to o　　　　　　 objective data for analysis.
3.Dwight Silverman can receive electronic m　　　　 via the Internet.
4.“We’re so pleased to meet you at last，” he said in a respectful t　　　　　　 of voice.
5.The purpose of this report is to 　　　　　　（澄清） some points made at our last meeting.
6.You have my deepest 　　　　　　（同情）， and my thoughts are with you.
7.Please try to give each piece of work some 　　　　　　（反馈的意见）.
8.Roz is 　　　　　　（坦诚的） and lets you know what she’s thinking.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.The president has already given his 　　　　　　（approve） to the plan.
2.The professor is a 　　　　　　（knowledge） person and has lots of experience on developing new software.
3.We all have to accept that as we get older our 　　　　　　（react） slow down.
4.The boy held the bird 　　　　　　（gentle） in the palm of his hand for fear of hurting it.
5.Though the country is poor， the doctors and nurses are qualified and 　　　　　　（competence）.
6.Your task is to help rural readers understand your message quickly and 　　　　　　（precise）.
7.I don’t have anything 　　　　　　（suit） to wear for the party so I don’t want to go.
8.There is considerable room for 　　　　　　（negotiate） on some of the details.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.我们在享受网上购物的便利时应该小心。（状语从句的省略）
We should be careful 　　　　　　　　　　　　of shopping online.
2.不仅是她的妈妈，而且她的姐姐们也要来看她。（not only ...but also ...）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 coming to see her.
3.我们应该教孩子们在危险中如何生存。 （“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构）
We should 　　　　　　　　　　　　when in danger.
4.当莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。 （部分倒装）
　　　　　　　　 Lily walked into the office 　　　　　　　　　　　　that she had left the contract at home.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　The communication process can be challenging but， with practice and patience， you can become a highly competent 1.　　　　　　 （communicate）.To accomplish this， you need to know with 2.　　　　　 you are communicating.3.　　　　　　 （depend） on whether you are communicating with a stranger， friend， family member or co-worker， you will need 4.　　　　　　　　 （decide） which communication channel best suits the situation.Furthermore， you will need to determine the appropriate style to use 5.　　　　　　 how complex your choice of words should be.Your body language is 6.　　　　　　 （equal） important.Additionally， you should not ignore the other person’s body language， which will give you clues as to 7.　　　　　　the conversation is going well or not.What’s more， we should attach importance 8.　　　　　　 the value of empathy.Seek to understand the other person’s emotions， by putting 9.　　　　　　 （you） in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain other people’s respect，10.　　　　　　 （allow） relationships to become more positive and productive.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　When I stumbled on （意外发现） an advertisement for a conference， I couldn’t wait to tell my co-workers.It looked like a great day of presentations highly relevant to our research， and I expected they would be eager to attend with me.However， no one was interested.
　　A year earlier， I left India for the United Kingdom to pursue my research career.At work， I shied away from engaging in discussions or putting forward my opinions.I was afraid my co-workers would realize how weak I really felt.Some mornings， just stepping out of my room and going into the lab seemed a tough task.
　　Socializing didn’t help， as I constantly feared committing social mistakes.I longed for new experiences， but my insecurities stymied （妨碍） me.I started to keep more and more to myself.That began to change after a quiet breakdown in the lab prompted （促使） me to contact the university’s mental health services.The consultant suggested I attend a nearby concert by a famous singer from my home country.I couldn’t miss it.So， there I was in the packed concert hall， surrounded by strangers — all of us clapping and singing the choruses of the familiar songs.It was a beautiful night， and it proved to be a turning point.
　　My growing self-confidence carried over into my work， where I started to speak up and put forward my opinions.I offered to help co-workers design and troubleshoot experiments.I began to ask questions during departmental meetings.I finally felt like an active member of the group.
　　So， when that conference came around， I felt comfortable registering to attend on my own — and I’m so glad I did.Not only did I meet the speakers， but I also introduced myself to other attendees.The encounters inspired me to critically evaluate my own professional interests.
1.How did the author probably feel at first about his co-workers’ response？ （　　）
A.Eager. B.Worried.
C.Disappointed. D.Uninterested.
2.Why did the author contact the mental health services？（　　）
A.He wanted to solve a conflict.
B.He struggled to conduct research.
C.He often made big mistakes in socializing.
D.He lacked confidence in a new environment.
3.What happened during the concert？（　　）
A.The author got the consultant’s help.
B.The author sang along with the audience.
C.The author met with a previous co-worker.
D.The author connected a song with his research.
4.What did the author do at last？（　　）
A.He went to the conference alone.
B.He turned to experts for advice.
C.He took full charge of the lab.
D.He changed his professional interests.
B
　　Words are powerful： they have the ability to lift up the lowest of the low or tear down the highest of the high.But a strong argument could be made that our body language is even more influential.The most effective communication occurs when the importance of body language in teaching is acknowledged.When these nonverbal signals are working together with our verbal ones， it creates communication synergy.
　　It has been suggested that two-thirds of our communication is nonverbal.Positive body language in a classroom setting has the ability to motivate， inspire and engage.It can not only give you the confidence you need to teach but can also inform your students that you actually know what you’re talking about.It can even make your students feel safe and confident enough to participate in the lessons more frequently.
　　Most leadership positions encourage body language that shows power and confidence.Signals include standing tall， gesturing only from the waist up， keeping head straight and forward， and talking while pointing to others， which are obvious ways to exercise control.But when teaching， the nonverbal signals need to show a different type of leader.These signals convey warmth and understanding， reminding your students that you are approachable and there to help them grow.For example， fix your eyes on one student for about 15－30 seconds before changing to another student， which is one of the best ways to keep students’ focus.Nod your head.Give a thumbs up — maybe two！ Show them they are on the right path and they will be more confident in continuing down it.
　　The importance of body language in teaching can never be ignored.It’s desirable that you should advocate using body language in teaching and pay attention to the use of rules and skills.You should use right， natural and clear body language.It’s crucial that you create a good classroom atmosphere， inspire students’ imagination and grasp students’ mood.
5.Which has a similar meaning to the underlined word “synergy” in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.Energy loss. B.Confusing result.
C.Individual effect. D.Combined power.
6.What do most leadership positions mainly express？（　　）
A.Warmth. B.Control.
C.Understanding. D.Encouragement.
7.What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　）
A.To explain a theory.
B.To make a description.
C.To give suggestions.
D.To summarize a debate.
8.What is the text mainly about？（　　）
A.The importance of teachers’ body language.
B.The effective ways of good communication.
C.The value of teacher-student communication.
D.The prospect of students’ nonverbal learning.
C
　　Older adults often complain about the loss of the good old days when neighbours were friends instead of strangers， and everyone in the neighbourhood left their doors unlocked.While home security is one thing， interesting new research from Rutgers University has found that feeling connected to one’s neighbours appears to promote better health outcomes.
　　About 27 per cent of people aged 60 or older live alone in the USA， according to the Pew Research Center.Living alone has been linked to a number of unfavourable health outcomes such as heart disease， depression， and poor overall biological health.So， researchers believed it important to identify which factors may or may not help reduce the negative effects of living alone.
　　The project focused on neighbourhood cohesion （凝聚力） among Chinese Americans living in the greater Chicago area.Study authors investigated if the perceptions of trust and connection among neighbours had an impact on the death risk among that population.Subjects living alone， and reporting minimal interactions or connections with their neighbours， had a 48.5 per cent increased risk of death in comparison to those living with other people.Meanwhile， people who lived alone and reported strong cohesion with their neighbourhood displayed death risks very similar to those living with others.
　　Establishing a clearer understanding of how different types of neighbourhoods may influence locals’ health outcomes can help in the creation of new social policies and public health initiatives aimed at promoting better， more inclusive neighbourhood environments.
　　“Our findings show the particular challenges faced by older adults who live alone in communities with little interaction or connection，” concludes Yanping Jiang， author of the study.“Enhancing neighbourhood cohesion may be a promising way to reduce early death for older adults who live alone.”
　　Future studies should focus on additional factors involved in neighbourhoods and how they influence the health of older adults.On an individual level， we all can do our part.Consider being just a little friendlier to your neighbours， especially those who live alone.
9.What can we learn about old people living alone in America？（　　）
A.Their health deserves more attention.
B.Their problems are quite uncommon.
C.They are responsible for social insecurity.
D.They account for 27％ of the US population.
10.What contributes to lower risks of death among the old according to the study？（　　）
A.The number of family members.
B.Neighbours’ health conditions.
C.A strong connection with nature.
D.An interrelationship with neighbours.
11.What do the researchers plan to do next？（　　）
A.Widen the range of subjects.
B.Focus on seniors’ health.
C.Identify other potential factors.
D.Establish a better relationship.
12.Which can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A.Get to Know Your Neighbours
B.Watch Your Overall Health
C.Choose a Safer Neighbourhood
D.Say No to Living Alone
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
WHY A DOSE OF FEAR IS GOOD FOR YOU
　　Eleanor Roosevelt once said，“Do one thing every day that scares you.” She was onto something.Science has shown that feeling fear — in the right doses — has several benefits.
　　 Feeling fear is fun and exciting. Many people scare themselves on purpose.13.（　　）
　　When you step outside your comfort zone， it is fear that makes you feel alive， which is fun and exciting.The excitement generated can also help reduce depression by increasing adrenaline （肾上腺素）， which in turn increases excitement and glucose （changed into energy）.14.（　　） A dose of fear is an “eraser” for the mind.
　　 15.（　　） Being afraid of something can alert （提醒） you to an area of your life that is limiting you.For instance， if you’re afraid of flying but face the fear and gather up the courage to step on an airplane， you can travel the world.Adding to your experiences means that you’ll create a varied life.You’ll also have fewer regrets.
　　 Fear gives you clarity on what’s really important in life. How often have you said to yourself， “When I have more time， I’ll spend it with my family， pursue my passion， eat healthier or exercise more？” Fear makes you realize that “now” is the only time you have to achieve and follow through what is most important.16.（　　）
The sweet spot of fear
　　Some say where fear meets courage is the sweet spot in which mountains get scaled and rivers are run.17.（　　）
　　We should all embrace （欣然接受） our fear.Not the big fears that are life-threatening but the helpful fears that come in small doses.
A.Fear helps you succeed.
B.“Later” is never guaranteed.
C.Fear allows you to live life to the fullest.
D.They watch scary movies， ride roller coasters or go skydiving.
E.And every time you come through a challenge， you feel empowered.
F.Most of all， fear can be the birthplace of change， creativity and innovation.
G.Actually， it’s nearly impossible to be thinking of your worries when you’re experiencing fear.
6 / 6Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.Her proposal got r　　　　　　， which made her quite disappointed.
2.Each child was told to r　　　　　　 a poem to the class before class.
3.Pay more attention to your h　　　　　　 and you will make much progress in your study.
4.My teacher approved of me taking part in the speech c　　　　　　 to be held by my school next Friday.
5.By the age of two， a child will have a v　　　　　 of about two hundred words.
6.It seems that these ants can 　　　　　　（忍受） temperatures which would kill other species.
7.They appeared surprisingly 　　　　　　（悲观的） about their chances of winning.
8.According to the survey， most of the local residents 　　　　　　（反对） closing the hospital.
9.The two criminals 　　　　　　（溜） out of the diamond shop， disappearing in the darkness.
10.These shirts are comfortable to wear because they are made from 100％ 　　　　　　（完全的） cotton.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.She said she couldn’t speak English 　　　　　（fluent） as before.
2.The medical experts say there is a 　　　　　　（tend） for this disease to run in rural villages.
3.We 　　　　　　（sincere） hope that you will soon be restored to health.
4.I came with the 　　　　　　（intend） of staying， but now I’ve decided to leave.
5.But for your close 　　　　　　（cooperate）， we wouldn’t have done the work so well.
6.The amount of sugar you add will depend on personal 　　　　　　（prefer）.
7.Sometimes， I feel a little 　　　　　　（embarrass） by my improper manner at table.
8.I must say I thought your 　　　　　　（behave） at the party was a bit out of line.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.考虑到外面在下雨，我们最好待在室内。（given that ...）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we’d better stay indoors.
2.这栋房子融合了中西方的建筑风格。（integrate ...and ...）
The house 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3.你越小心，犯的错误就越少。（the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...）
The more careful you are， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
4.尽管我们对自己很自信，我们还是应该意识到别人的长处并向他们表示尊敬。（让步状语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we should recognize strengths in others and show respect for them.
5.直到第二天，我才得知事情的真相。 （强调句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I learned the truth.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　1.　　　　　　 （borrow） words can be found in almost all languages.Word borrowing 2.　　　　　　 （happen） when two cultures interact with different languages.But it will take a long time for borrowed words 3.　　　　　　 （integrate） into daily speech.
　　At first， borrowed words are only used by bilingual 4.　　　　　　 （speak）.It then spreads to people 5.　　　　　　 do not know the original language.Now some language communities oppose 6.　　　　　　 （adopt） words from other cultures and make interventions to keep the 7.　　　　　 （pure） of native languages.While some people are against borrowed words， there are others 8.　　　　 （welcome） it.
　　Although there exist people who are pessimistic 9.　　　　　　 it， the 10.　　　　　　 （tend） to borrow words has never gone out of style.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　Have you ever been in mid-conversation with someone， when you look over and find them standing in the same position as you or holding the same facial expression？ It may seem like they have consciously （有意识地） copied you， but it is much more likely that it is the chameleon （变色龙） effect at play.
　　The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behaviour.Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colours， people acquire the behaviour of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.
　　The chameleon effect was confirmed in an experiment by psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand in 1999.The first part of their experiment included 78 people， who each spoke with an experimenter.During the test， Bargh and Chartrand studied whether participants would copy the actions of someone they hadn’t met before， like moving the foot and touching the face.The second part measured the impact that copying someone has on the person being imitated.
　　In the first stage， participants increased their face touching by 20％ and their foot movement by 50％ while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter.The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for， and the photograph was used to catch their attention to ensure unconscious acts.The second stage involved half of the participants being copied， and then rating the likeability of the experimenter.The results showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher.It has shown that when someone copies our behaviour， we develop more positive feelings about them.These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked， and forming a moment of connection.
　　The main reasons behind humans’ imitation are positive.However， when people carry this chameleon effect to the extreme， they can lose their sense of self.Those who change their entire personalities in different groups often go undetected.But more common signs of the chameleon effect are easier to notice.Next time you are in a social gathering， take a look around and you might just see some chameleons for yourself.
1.Why do people acquire others’ behaviour？（　　）
A.To match the environment’s colours.
B.To attract others’ attention.
C.To establish a connection with others.
D.To adapt to the surroundings.
2.How did the experimenter guarantee participants’ unconscious behaviour？（　　）
A.By directing their attention to a photo.
B.By keeping a close eye on their actions.
C.By telling them the purpose of the study.
D.By evaluating the impacts of their imitation.
3.What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment？（　　）
A.Too much of the chameleon effect can be beneficial.
B.People tend to like those who imitate their behaviour.
C.People imitating others are not easy to be detected.
D.The copied movements help people to feel relaxed.
4.Which of the following shows the chameleon effect according to the passage？（　　）
A.A comedian copies a celebrity vividly on stage.
B.Students adopt teachers’ accents for fun after class.
C.People change their habits to please others on purpose.
D.A husband and his wife share similar behaviour over time.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to Keep a Relationship Healthy and Strong
　　Are you new to experiencing relationships？ Well， let me give you advice on having a healthy and possibly long-term relationship.
　　5.（　　） Do not hide things from them； do not lie.Don’t be afraid to say things that aren’t very flattering about yourself.Getting them to trust you is the most important element in any relationship.If there’s no trust， there’s nothing there.So please be honest and they’ll learn to open up to you.
　　Make sure you give them respect.Now respect isn’t just simply treating her or him nicely.There’s a lot more to it.You have to learn to adjust to their liking.6.（　　） Don’t just think about yourself； think about what your partner needs out of it as well.
　　 7.（　　） Always be willing to help them and give them positivity at the same time.Make them feel you are someone they can really depend on and build a future with.This is an important step in a relationship.Your partner has to be able to count on you when you are needed.
　　Make sure you have a good sense of humour with them.Laughter is the key to happiness.Laugh a lot with them； joke with them.Laughter may seem silly， but it’s the secret to a lot in life.It will keep the sparks alive.8.（　　）
　　Make sure the communication is good.This goes along with trust， but always communicate how you feel， even if it’s something that upsets you.Instead of screaming， talk to them.9.（　　） It’s important to communicate this to them， instead of keeping it bottled up.
A.Be an honest person with them.
B.Show them your personality.
C.Laughter keeps the relationship strong and lasting.
D.Make sure you are encouraging to your partner.
E.Don’t start to neglect them and make them feel unwanted.
F.Basically， learn to study your partners’ moods， wants and needs.
G.If they did something that made you unhappy， tell them about it in a respectful manner.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Julia Jarman’s family was upset when she was diagnosed （诊断） with cancer.But soon， her grandson Vigil made a plan to fill Jarman’s last days with an unforgettable 　10　.
　　When Vigil’s high school prom （舞会） was 　11　， his sister said， “Why don’t you just take Grandma to the prom？” Hearing his sister’s 　12　， the 17-year-old immediately remembered that Jarman had 　13　 been to a prom.But his school had a（n） 　14　 that students could only have partners under 20， so Vigil first 　15　 the principal of his school to ask him if he could bring his grandmother.Luckily， the principal gave him 　16　.Excited， the teenager asked his granny if she would like to 　17　 the first prom of her life， and she 　18　 the invitation.
　　 While other teenagers walked into the venue with girls of their 　19　， Vigil entered with his grandmother on his arm.At first， Vigil wasn’t sure how his schoolmates would 　20　 to watching him dance with Jarman.Later， he was 　21　 to see everyone welcomed her.
　　The DJ played Jarman’s favourite song.Vigil recalled the 　22　 moment， “She almost had me crying as she was singing it along with me while we were dancing.”
　　Vigil’s mother felt proud of him for putting in the 　23　 to please his grandmother.The teenager said，“My grandmother is my best friend； I just wanted to do something 　24　 for her.”
　　“That night was wonderful，” Jarman revealed.
10.（　）A.dream　　　　　　　B.memory
C.adventure D.performance
11.（　）A.behind the scenes B.in the way
C.around the corner D.out of sight
12.（　）A.suggestion B.comment
C.decision D.encouragement
13.（　）A.never B.frequently
C.sometimes D.once
14.（　）A.habit B.purpose
C.order D.policy
15.（　）A.begged B.contacted
C.persuaded D.thanked
16.（　）A.information B.permission
C.confirmation D.explanation
17.（　）A.organize B.reserve
C.observe D.attend
18.（　）A.declined B.accepted
C.considered D.expected
19.（　）A.age B.height
C.class D.family
20.（　）A.agree B.adapt
C.react D.stick
21.（　）A.puzzled B.amused
C.ashamed D.relieved
22.（　）A.hopeful　　　B.ideal
C.touching D.proud
23.（　）A.money B.effort
C.belief D.trouble
24.（　）A.special B.difficult
C.regular D.familiar
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　Isabel Moreno sat carefully putting papers into a folder.She had been at the Gateway Nature Center’s office all morning and was tired of filing.She wanted desperately to work with the animals.She had been a weekend volunteer that whole school year and had done extensive research， reading books and websites on natural history.But her mom， who was the assistant director of the center， said Isabel was still too young.
　　Suddenly， the quiet was broken by Amy Jensen bursting in.She had been a volunteer a bit longer than Isabel and wandered around like she owned the place.“Hurry up， Isabel，” she ordered.Isabel willed herself to remain still and just smiled back.
　　Just then， Isabel’s mother rushed into the room with Mr Garza， the custodian （管理员）.“The hurricane is now approaching the Gulf Shore Preserve，” Mrs Moreno reported.“It needs help preparing for it.I have to go down there with the staff.We’ll take the bridge， so we shouldn’t be gone long.I need you girls to help Mr Garza get the storm shutters （护窗） down in the aviary （鸟舍）.Then， stay inside with Mr Garza.Call me on my cellphone if there’re any problems，” Mrs Moreno directed as she rushed out.Isabel was excited to have an opportunity to help the birds.
　　Amy announced she was now “in charge”. Isabel smiled again， saying nothing.Mr Garza and the girls worked quickly and were soon back inside.But when Mr Garza called Isabel’s mother， a worried expression crossed his face.“A storm has flooded the bridge， and they’re stuck there.Also， the storm is heading our way，” he said.Amy was frightened.After silently considering for a few seconds， Isabel said calmly， “We should move the birds to the reptile house （爬行动物馆）.It’s on higher ground.” Mr Garza and Amy nodded.They rushed out of the building.Once inside the aviary， Isabel watched Amy lunge （猛冲） from cage to cage.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　Isabel told Amy not to jump around so much because the birds would be scared by her sudden movements.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　After several hours， the storm stopped， and Mrs Moreno was able to return to the center.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6 / 6Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
维度一：基础题型练
用正确的关系词填空。
1.The reason 　　　　　　he was late was that his car broke down on the way.
2.I know a girl 　　　　　　father works in our community.
3.We don’t know the number of people 　　　　　lost their homes in the disaster.
4.He was late for the opening ceremony， 　　　　　was very surprising to me.
5.All the presents 　　　　　　your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.
6.She is such a girl 　　　　　　is always finding fault with other people.
7.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears， none of 　　　　　has been proved.
8.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere 　　　　　　his employees enjoy their work.
9.I am looking forward to the day 　　　　　　my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
10.This is my best friend， for 　　　　　　I want to buy a present because it is his birthday tomorrow.
维度二：语法与写作
用定语从句完成下列句子。
1.　　　　　　　　， getting close to nature is beneficial to our health.
我们都知道，亲近大自然对我们的健康有益。
2.After graduation， he returned to the small town 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
毕业以后，他回到了那个他长大的小镇上。
3.I will never forget the day 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我永远不会忘记我们参观故宫那一天。
4.The girl handed everything 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in the street to the police.
这个女孩把她在街上捡到的一切都交给了警察。
5.The man 　　　　　　　　　　　　yesterday lives in the room next to me.
昨天做演讲的那个男人住在我旁边的房间。
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，用适当的关系词填空。
　　Tai Dong is a small city in south-east Taiwan 1.　　　　　　 I grew up.My family moved there from Taipei the summer 2.　　　　　　 I was born. The house 3.　　　　　　 I grew up was on a main street in Tai Dong. It was a nice house with a big garden 4.　　　　　　 there were a lot of nice flowers. My father sold tea， and my mother had a small restaurant 5.　　　　　　 there were always many customers. A cousin of mine 6.　　　　　　 family I visited every summer lived with us. He was an apprentice （学徒） 7.　　　　　　 my father was teaching the tea business to. On the first floor of our house， we had a huge kitchen 8.　　　　　　 we all gathered for dinner. I will never forget the happy days 9.　　　　　　 we were eating and talking happily. The bedrooms were upstairs. My brother and my cousin slept in one bedroom. I slept in another 10.　　　　　　 I shared with Polly， the smartest bird that I had ever seen.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　When I worked as a global media coordinator （协调人） for the United Nations several years ago， I organized biweekly conference calls， during which I would ask my colleagues around the world to provide information by particular deadlines.My colleagues almost always responded with a yes.But all too often， the deadlines came and went without the requested material.Finally， my South African boss had to explain what would never have occurred to me： In many cultures， it is rude to say no.So some people would say yes to anything I asked， regardless of whether they had any intention of delivering.
　　If communicating internally at the UN was challenging， interacting with the outside world was much harder.How would we reach people in places where newspapers and televisions are still not widely available？ How could we generate media coverage there？ Communicating globally may require changing the way you interview senior communication professionals in 31 countries about how they help clients modify their messages and strategies for particular cultures.I have found that some of the biggest factors to consider when communicating in a new culture involve emotion， context and social expectations.
　　As an example of emotional differences， if I were to do a media interview in the US and became visibly angry at a reporter’s question， I would be seen as unstable.By contrast， in the Middle East， when people are talking about a heated issue， they tend to display powerful feelings — those who stay cool and calm while discussing such a problem may be viewed as untrustworthy.
　　Another big cultural difference revolves round the level of “context” provided in a conversation.As an American，I am what is known as a low-context communicator （who communicates information in a direct manner that relies mainly on words rather than contextual elements such as tones and body language）， so if I want something done， I say so frankly.In high-context cultures， as in Asia， people may do the opposite.You have to pick up on body language， tones， and other contextual cues to realize that your colleague who just said yes to you has actually communicated that she does not agree to your plan.
1.How did the author probably feel about those colleagues according to Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.Confused and upset.　　 B.Ashamed and guilty.
C.Satisfied and delighted. D.Doubtful and angry.
2.What is often expected in the Middle East when people discuss heated issues？（　　）
A.Mild body language. B.Remarkable criticism.
C.Emotional responses. D.Confident evaluation.
3.What can we infer from the colleague mentioned in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.She may be from the United States.
B.She may prefer to speak in a direct way.
C.She may be a high-context communicator.
D.She may be influenced by low-context cultures.
4.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows？（　　）
A.The main content of the author’s book.
B.Cultural differences of social expectations.
C.Different meanings of “yes” in different cultures.
D.Important skills of communicating with colleagues.
B
　　（2024·江苏扬州月考）When “irregardless” was included in Merriam-Webster Dictionary， it caused wide disagreements.“Irregardless” has been in widespread and near-constant use since 1795， when a newspaper called The Charleston City Gazette of Charleston Ga first used it.“We do not make the English language， and we merely record it，” the dictionary’s staff wrote in “Words of the Week”.
　　The word’s definition， when we read it， would seem to be： without without regard.However， Merriam-Webster defines “irregardless” as “nonstandard” but meaning the same as “regardless”.According to Merriam-Webster， “Many people find ‘irregardless’ to be a ridiculous word， as the ir-prefix usually indicates negative meaning； however， in this case， it appears to make the meaning of ‘regardless’ stronger.”
　　“It’s not a real word.I don’t care what the dictionary says，” responds author Michelle Ray， who teaches English in Silver Spring， Maryland.And she says she’s still planning to mark “irregardless” as incorrect on her students’ work.
　　An American newspaper The Baltimore Sun published the word in editor John McIntyre’s commentary on Saturday，“‘Irregardless’ is too a word； you just don’t understand dictionaries.People get upset about the dictionary because they think it is some sort of the official document.But actually， it’s not.It’s just lexicographers （词典编纂者） identifying words that people use and trying to find out how they are spelt， how they are pronounced， what meanings they have and where they came from.”
　　“The dictionary’s recognition doesn’t enrol a word as correct in the English language，” McIntyre says.“It just says this is a word that a lot of people use in English.And here’s what we know about it.” So it’s a word， but its use is still discouraged in formal writing.
5.What’s the function of the first paragraph？（　　）
A.To lead in the topic.
B.To criticize the use of “irregardless”.
C.To introduce a new word.
D.To make a definition of “irregardless”.
6.What is McIntyre’s attitude to the appearance of “irregardless” in Merriam-Webster Dictionary？（　　）
A.Conservative. B.Favourable.
C.Indifferent. D.Ambiguous.
7.What can we learn from the passage？（　　）
A.The dictionary’s staff rarely record the English language.
B.Michelle Ray thinks the use of “irregardless” formal but incorrect.
C.People are still not encouraged to use “irregardless” in formal writing.　
D.“Irregardless” had been in widespread and near-constant use before 1795.　
8.What can be the best title for the passage？（　　）
A.“Irregardless” Is Frequently Used in Formal Writing
B.“Irregardless” Shouldn’t Be Included in the Dictionary
C.Experts Can’t Agree on the Meaning of “Irregardless”
D.Regardless of What You Think， “Irregardless” Is a Word
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　There are mental health benefits to having friends who knew you before you became a successful adult.9.（　　） They know when you’re in high spirits and when you’re tired out.Maybe your friend encouraged you to do something you didn’t dare to do.Maybe you helped your friend learn how to drive.These memories probably form a huge part of who you are.
　　Valuing friendship is associated with better health， greater happiness and higher levels of wellbeing across cultures.Also， according to findings published in Psychological Science， boys who spent more time with friends as children tended to have lower blood pressure when they became men in their early thirties.10.（　　）
　　However， sometimes these friends， knowingly or unknowingly， limit our growth.Let’s say you weren’t great at academics and hit it big when it came to sports in primary school.While your brother was called “the brains”， you were labeled “the athletic one”. Your athletic ambitions didn’t result in your becoming a star sports figure.11.（　　） But you really want to do something else now.
　　Childhood friends view us in a way that might be frozen in time.12.（　　） Maybe you even internalized the label.You therefore struggle with the confidence and the high self-esteem （自尊心） necessary to move into a new field.
　　13.（　　） Sometimes you lose them through no choice of your own.It might feel like losing a part of your old self.Value and keep the childhood friends who live a healthy life and support you in a positive and balanced manner.
A.It’s easy to make friends.
B.Your friends helped shape you.
C.That idea might restrict you and box you in.
D.You can be sympathetic， but know your limits.
E.Letting go of a childhood friend is especially hard.
F.Therefore， you pursued a career as a personal trainer at a local fitness center.
G.So， time spent with childhood friends is related to physical health even in adulthood.
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Tom McKenna had been a firefighter for nine years when he took on a part-time job at Iroquois High School in Louisville， Kentucky.He knew 　14　 would take a lot of work， but he never imagined that he’d become a 　15　 in the process.
　　The first day McKenna arrived at the school in 2015， he immediately felt 　16　 by then-16-year-old Brandon Reed.The student athlete showed him around and made him 　17　.“He had a strong 　18　 to succeed，” says McKenna.“　19　， I wanted to help make him the best wrestler.”
　　It quickly became 　20　 that Reed and his fellow students， who lived in a low-income area， had 　21　 resources.Coach McKenna drove Reed to meets and practices and got him part-time work.He even made 　22　 for Reed during his 75-hour work weeks at the firehouse， where he’d cook healthy meals for the teenager.
　　At the end of the school year， when McKenna decided to 　23　 to Taylorsville， Kentucky， with his wife， he invited Reed to come with them.The two didn’t just train together.McKenna taught Reed how to drive， manage money and learn to be 　24　.As was expected， Reed 　25　 during his senior year.With McKenna’s 　26　 and encouragement， he earned a full scholarship to Lindsey Wilson College in Columbia， Kentucky， where he won the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics Championship.When Reed 　27　 everything McKenna did for him， he says he’s “beyond 　28　”.“I don’t know where I would be without him，” says Reed.
14.（　）A.rescuing　　　B.consulting
C.searching D.coaching
15.（　）A.first-aider B.stepfather
C.father-figure D.statesman
16.（　）A.persuaded B.welcomed
C.interrupted D.guarded
17.（　）A.forget his pain B.get into trouble
C.change his mind D.feel at home
18.（　）A.drive B.option
C.influence D.position
19.（　）A.Besides B.Nevertheless
C.Therefore D.Instead
20.（　）A.bearable B.apparent
C.complicated D.helpless
21.（　）A.teaching B.extra
C.physical D.limited
22.（　）A.room B.money
C.time D.way
23.（　）A.relocate B.refer
C.apply D.walk
24.（　）A.free B.sensitive
C.generous D.independent
25.（　）A.returned B.dropped
C.shone D.recovered
26.（　）A.control B.guidance
C.pressure D.recommendation
27.（　）A.checks in B.adds to
C.looks back on D.makes up for
28.（　）A.grateful B.hopeful
C.pitiful D.thoughtful
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　English is full of loanwords （外来词） from other languages， mostly from Latin or French.But did you know that there are also several English words 29.　　　　　　 come from Chinese？ Now let’s dive in and learn some of them.
　　To start with， Chinese restaurants are found all over the world， so it should come as no surprise that a lot of Chinese loanwords in English are 30.　　　　　 （relate） to food， such as wonton， dim sum， and lychee.Perhaps the most interesting word on that list is ketchup.31.　　　　　　 is hard to believe that something so American 32.　　　　　　 （actual） has its roots in China’s Fujian Province.Back in the day， the Chinese made a kind of fish sauce.This sauce in the Southern Min dialect （闽南语） 33.　　　　　　 （call） something like “ke-tchup”“ge-tchup” or “kue-chiap” in the 18th century， 34.　　　　　　 （depend） on the dialect.It wasn’t until the 19th century that people first attempted 35.　　　　　　 （add） tomato to ketchup.
　　The influence of Chinese on English words 36.　　　　　　 （extend） far beyond the kitchen.There are several Chinese words that are just too difficult to translate into English， so the original ones are used， such as typhoon， tai chi， kung fu， and mahjong.Many key 37.　　　　　　 （element） of Chinese culture are better left said in the Chinese way， after all！
　　As you can see， Chinese has made its mark on the English language with quite 38.　　　　　　 few words and expressions.Do you know of any other English words of Chinese origin？
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