INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题二.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题二.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)To eat one, you have to decide whether 57.____________ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), 58.or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头).
2．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Shanghai may be the 59.____________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace.
3．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61.____________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 62.their (they) contents.
4．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 64.rarely (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 65.________________ (want) more next time.
5．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60.____________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
6．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)As a little girl, I 65.______________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
7．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61.to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62.____________ (build) system of ring roads.
8．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)66.____________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67.am__amazed (amaze) by the co existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
9．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)66.Having__visited (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67.____________ (amaze) by the co existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
10．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68.____________ (record) everything I discovered.
11．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)The 69.remarkable (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70.____________ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
12．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman whose hair color looked just perfect.____________________
13．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)She put the new color on her hair and sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions saying.____________________
14．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use.____________________
15．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61.____________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
16．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)“There was once a town in the heart of America 64.where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, 65.____________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age old fables.
17．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66.____________ (intend) for everyone.
18．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70.____________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
19．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)I used to be afraid of insects, but last Friday's biology class make a big change in me.____________________
20．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.__________________INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题一.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题一.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 56.____________ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
2．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)To eat one, you have to decide whether 57.to__bite (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), 58.____________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头).
3．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 60.____________ hand rather than rolled.
4．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61.to__be__lifted (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 62.____________ (they) contents.
5．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)The meat should be fresh with 63.____________ touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.
6．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 64.____________ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 65.wanting (want) more next time.
7．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Since June 2017, right before the 56.____________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57.confident (confidence) speaking English.
8．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Since June 2017, right before the 56.arrival (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57.____________ (confidence) speaking English.
9．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)And who do they speak English 58.____________？
10．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Not the pandas, even though 59.____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
11．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)They also need to be ready to give 61.____________ (interview) in English with international journalists.
12．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)63.____________ (basic), how to describe a panda's life.
13．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 64.____________ to see the pandas settle into their new home.
14．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61.____________ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62.built (build) system of ring roads.
15．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63.that/which welcomes the fast paced development of modern life, with 21st century architectural 64.____________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
16．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work, 65.____________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
17．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)The 69.____________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70.means (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
18．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair.____________________
19．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)She studied with all the hair products at the drugstore. ____________________
20．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)Mom was sure same color would look great on her.____________________
21．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)She put the new color on her hair or sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions say.____________________
22．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair.____________________
23．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn't wash out.____________________
24．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well known Aesop's fables date to the 62.____________ (six) century B．C.
25．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)67.____________ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
26．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68.____________ saving their environment.
27．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 69.____________(warn) about environmental destruction.
28．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)I used to afraid of insects, but last Friday's biology class made a big change in me.____________________
29．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps.____________________
30．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps.____________________
31．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects or described their living habits.____________________
32．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)Now, I've come to love those of small living things.____________________
33．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me.________ _____专题一 名词、动词、形容词、副词、
代词、连词、介词、数词和冠词
1．tasty 解析：考查形容词。空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词soup，故空处用形容词tasty。
2．or 解析：考查连词。“whether...or...”意为“是……还是……”，是固定搭配。
3．by 解析：考查介词。by hand意为“用手工”，是固定搭配。
4．their 解析：考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰空后的名词contents，表示“不会使包子开裂，或者溢出包子里的任何东西”。
5．a 解析：考查冠词。a touch of意为“少许、微量”，是固定搭配。
6．rarely 解析：考查副词。此处enough为形容词，其前应用副词修饰，故用rarely。
7．arrival 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词before的宾语，由定冠词the修饰，应用名词形式arrival。
8．confident 解析：考查形容词。根据空前的comfortable and可知，空处与形容词comfortable并列作feel的表语，应用形容词形式confident。
9．to/with 解析：考查介词。根据下文中的“Not the pandas...They talk to the flood of international tourists”可知，此处意为“他们和谁说英语呢”，空处应用to或with。
10．the 解析：考查冠词。空后为可数名词单数形式language，空处应用冠词起限定作用；根据“used for the medical training instructions”可知，此处表特指，空处应用定冠词the。
11．interviews 解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词give的宾语，又根据“with international journalists”可知，空处表示复数意义，应用名词复数形式interviews。
12．Basically 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式；单词位于句首首字母应大写，空处应用Basically。
13．and 解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的“to watch...develop”和空后的“to see...home”可知，空处前后结构相似，是语意上的并列关系，空处应用连词and。
14．to 解析：考查介词。from...to...意为“从……到……”，是固定用法。
15．wonders 解析：考查名词复数。wonder在此处意为“奇迹，奇观”，是可数名词，空前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式。
16．but/yet 解析：考查连词。前后分句之间是转折关系，应用but或yet。
17．remarkable 解析：考查形容词。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词development，应用形容词形式。
18．his→her
19．删除with
20．在same前加the
21．or→and
22．final→finally
23．truth→true
24．sixth 解析：考查序数词。空前有定冠词the，空后是名词century，并结合句意可知，空处用序数词sixth。
25．Different 解析：考查形容词。be different from意为“与……不同”，是固定短语，此处是形容词短语作状语，位于句首，单词首字母要大写，故用Different。
26．for 解析：考查介词。take responsibility for意为“对……负责”，是固定短语。
27．warning 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空前有冠词和形容词修饰，故空处应用名词warning。
28．在afraid前加be
29．we→us
30．butterfly→butterflies；beautifully→beautiful
31．or→and
32．删除of
33．第二个the→a
专题二 动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词
1．to bite 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查“whether＋不定式”结构，空处与下文的to put是并列关系。
2．recognized 解析：考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词home，且与home之间是被动关系，故用过去分词recognized。
3．to be lifted 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”。them与lift是被动关系，此处构成allow sth. to be done结构，意为“允许某事被做”，故空处用to be lifted。
4．wanting 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“leave sb. doing sth.”结构；句中此处表示“使我想着下次多吃点”。
5．visiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰空后的“Chinese zookeepers”，visit与Chinese zookeepers之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式visiting。
6．wished 解析：考查动词的时态。根据空前的“As a little girl”和下文中的“when I grew up...I'm living out that dream”可知，此处讲的是作者小时候的愿望，时态应用一般过去时。
7．built 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构，system of ring roads与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。
8．Having visited 解析：考查非谓语动词。结合句意及句中的时间状语“several times over the last 10 years”可知，visit与Ⅰ之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式；其所表示的动作已经发生多次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，应用现在完成时。
9．am amazed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时；I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。
10．recording 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为“spend some time doing sth.”结构，应用动词 ing 形式。
11．means 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。文章的主时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；句子主语为development，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
12．choose→chose
13．saying→say
14．washing→wash
15．to teach 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语，所以空处用to teach。后面的“or to pass”也是提示。
16．borrowing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，与逻辑主语her fable之间是主谓关系，所以空处用现在分词borrowing。
17．intended 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语作后置定语。be intended for是固定用法，所以空处用过去分词intended。
18．be employed 解析：考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。主语a simple literary form和动词employ之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。空前是情态动词，故用be employed。
19．make→made
20．become→becomes
专题三 状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句
1．why 解析：考查表语从句。此处为固定句型“This is why...”，意为“这就是……的原因”。
2．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为place，应用that或which。
3．that→whose
4．as 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语，且先行词是前面的整个主句，此处表示“正如”，所以空处用as。
5．where 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where。
6．what→which
专题四 阅读理解——应用文
一、
A 语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化——MacBike公司的自行车租赁和有导游的观光
21．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We offer the newest bicycles...with child seats, and children's bikes”可知，MacBike公司的一个优势是能提供各种各样的自行车。
22．C 解析：细节理解题。根据Prices部分所列表格的内容可知，带手刹的三挡自行车的日租金为14.75 欧元，每多一天收8欧元，故租两天为22.75欧元。
23．D 解析：细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The tour departs from Dam Square...starting at 1：00 pm every day.”可知，有导游的城市观光从大坝广场出发。
二、
A 语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——美国黄石国家公园护林员项目介绍
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了美国黄石国家公园的四个护林员项目。
21．D 解析：细节理解题。根据四个项目的时间信息可知，“在黄石体验野生动物”项目开始于5月26日，是四个项目中最早开始的。
22．D 解析：细节理解题。根据Canyon Talks at Artist Point部分中的“while learning about the area's natural and human history”及“for this short talk”可知，这个简短的演讲是关于峡谷地区的历史。
23．B 解析：细节理解题。根据Photography Workshops部分中的“7/10...meet at Washburn Trailhead”可知，7月10日参加者要在沃什伯恩步道起点碰面。
三、
A 语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——社会服务——历史上四位有非凡经历的女医生
21．C 解析：细节理解题。根据Jacqueline Felice de Almania中的“she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery”和James Barry中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813”可知，这两个人的共同之处就是她们都做手术。
22．A 解析：细节理解题。根据Tan Yunxian中的“In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.”可知，谈允贤写了一本名为《女医杂言》的书，记录了自己的女医生涯，而其他三个医生的介绍中并未提到写书。
23．D 解析：细节理解题。根据Rebecca Lee Crumpler中的“she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree”可知，丽贝卡·李·克拉普勒是第一个获得医学学位的非裔美国女性。
四、
A 语篇类型：应用文 主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——曼谷的四个知名餐厅
21．C 解析：细节理解题。根据Nahm部分的“Head Chef David...in 2010.”和Issaya Siamese Club部分的“Issaya Siamese Club is...restaurant.”可知，两者的共同之处是它们都有知名的厨师。
22．B 解析：细节理解题。根据Bo.lan部分的“For those...set menu.”可知，泊兰餐厅为特别饥饿的顾客提供大型套餐。
23．D 解析：细节理解题。根据Gaggan部分的“The best table in...staff in action.”可知，加甘餐厅的特别之处在于顾客可以看到厨师做饭的全部过程。
专题五 阅读理解——说明文
一、
C 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——生活——数字极简主义
【解题导语】 本文介绍了一本书，该书解释了何为数字极简主义并提供了实现极简主义生活方式的方法。
28．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism”可知，本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。
29．A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“step away from”可知，画线词表示“清除、清理”，A项含义与画线词含义相近。
30．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the final chapter of part one...your own digital declutter”和“You'll hear these participants' stories”可知，第一部分的最后一章提供了真实的例子。
31．A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“You can view these practices as a toolbox works for your particular circumstances.”可知，作者建议读者在需要的时候使用这些方法。
二、
C 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——社会与文化——《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》的启示
【解题导语】 《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》让我们看到了超越文化与时间的共同人性。网络化的生活中，电子书的推广并不能取代印刷书的使用，阅读印刷书仍然是完全私人的活动。
28．A 解析：文章出处题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段笫一句“Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers is a celebration...three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”可知，《阅读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该书内容的介绍。由此可推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序言。
29．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和第二句可知，被选中的艺术品强调的是图书和阅读。
30．A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段尾句“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.”及句中的but表达的语境可知，这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了我们都能理解的时刻。因此，画线词意为“理解”。
31．A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章尾句“And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives...offers the chance of a wholly private, ‘off－line’ activity.”可知，在我们日益网络化的生活中，我们所消费的信息被监控和跟踪，与之相反，印刷书仍然提供了一个完全私人的、“离线”活动的机会。由此可推知，作者提及电子书旨在说明印刷书具有价值，并未完全过时。
三、
D 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——自然与人类关系——人类与大自然互动
【解题导语】 作者通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描述介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时指出要保护大自然。
32．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find”及“it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。
33．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“Across the 320 submissions，a pattern of categories...began to emerge.”可知，研究人员将参与者提交的文件分类是为了从访客的总结材料中找出类别规律。
34．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段所举的例子“the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break”可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，工作日可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。
35．B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中卡恩的话“And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，我们在与大自然互动之前需要保护自然。
四、
C 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——健康的生活方式——英国人改变饮食习惯
【解题导语】 英国的一些烹饪类电视节目使更多英国人改变饮食习惯并爱上烹饪。
28．A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less than impressive cuisine”可知，大家通常认为英国的食物是简单的、不吸引人的。
29．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.”可推知，英国的烹饪类电视节目改变了英国人对烹饪的看法，因此对观众影响很大。
30．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients than they used to”可知，近三分之一即近33%的人现在使用的配料比以前更丰富了。
31．B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer ‘uncool’ for boys to like cooking.”可推知，接下来作者可能会介绍一些电视节目中的男厨师。
五、
D 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化——历史的考证
【解题导语】 对于历史事件的考证不能仅凭文字记录，也要注重文字记录和实物相互印证，从而重现真实的历史。
32．A 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，文字是人类后期的成果之一。不能仅依靠文字记录历史，因为直到最近仍有许多地方使用实物来记载他们的重要事件。所以此段是说过去的历史事件不能仅靠文字，应结合文字和实物来呈现。
33．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects...but in many cases we simply can't.”以及“If we want to reconstruct...as deeply and strictly as the written reports.”可推知，库克船长的记录是片面的。
34．B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“a history told through things gives them back a voice”和“all our first hand accounts...but the objects”可推知，conversation在此处意为“历史”。
35．C 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文讲述的重点是强调历史实物考证的重要性，因此，本文最有可能摘自《100件文物中的世界史》。
六、
C 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——社会与文化——从《苏菲的世界》到《苏格拉底快车》
【解题导语】 本文重点介绍了哲学著作《苏格拉底快车》，该书语言幽默，陈述直白，却能让读者深刻思考日常生活中的欲望、孤独等哲学问题。
28．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World”和第一段尾句可知，乔斯坦·贾德为作者打开了哲学大门。
29．D 解析：推理判断题。通读第四段，特别是该段首句和尾句可推知，作者列举几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者更好地理解韦纳的这本书。
30．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段尾句及最后一段首句可推知，作者认为《苏格拉底快车》的思想可以用于日常生活中。
31．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的“he does so with plenty of humor”可知，该书充满了幽默；根据尾段首句可推知，韦纳的书幽默且易懂。
七、
D 语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——动物保护——美国灰熊生存环境和状况
【解题导语】 本文讲述了美国灰熊从多变少的发展过程；在法律的保护下，灰熊数量增长；探讨了针对灰熊的应对保护方案。
32．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“Grizzly bears...occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche”和“we revere them even...their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.”可知，人们对它们的感情很复杂。
33．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.”和第四段的“Today, there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U．S.”可以推断，灰熊数量增长与1975年以来的法律保护相关。
34．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.”可知，动物保护组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类及野生动物管理局将灰熊从《美国濒危动物法案》中除名。
35．B 解析：推理判断题。通读最后一段，特别是该段的“If people remove food and attractants...is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.”可以推断，人类可以和灰熊和谐共处。
专题六 阅读理解——记叙文、议论文
记叙文
一、
B 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自然——保护环境——生态设计
【解题导语】 约翰·托德从小就喜欢观察大自然，并被自然的自净能力折服。大学时期经过专业的学习之后，他通过实验找到了合适的生态组合，发明出了“生态设计”，并解决了很多实际的污水净化问题。
24．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“observing how nature solved problems”和“When he got older, John started to wonder...messes people were making.”和第二段中的“John went back to observing nature and asking questions...can eat cancer－causing chemicals？”可知，约翰是一个喜欢刨根问底、喜欢探索的人。
25．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The task John set for himself was...placed them in the tanks”可知，约翰修建水箱是为了清理污泥中的有害物质，为此，他在水箱里放了一些动植物。第四段中的“all that was left was pure water”表明了将污泥放入水箱之后的变化。据此可推知，约翰在水箱里放入污泥是为了检验他的生态机器的效果。
26．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段可知，约翰的发明成功了，并结合第五段第一句可推知，本段提到净化福州的运河水是为了举例说明约翰的发明及其理念在实践中的应用。
27．A 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A dirty stream...messes people were making.”及下文约翰发明的“生态设计”可知，约翰发明的根源就在于自然的自我修复能力，约翰的工作依据就在于“自我修复”这一理念。
二、
B 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——学习与生活——学校菜园项目
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了学校菜园项目Urban Sprouts的启动背景、目的、内容和意义。
24．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“says Abby Jaramillo，who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts”可知，艾比·贾拉米洛是Urban Sprouts项目的创始人之一。
25．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘The kids...insects are awful.’ Though some are initially...turned off by the dirt”可知，这个项目刚开始时，贾拉米洛面临的一个问题就是她的一些学生不喜欢做菜园的工作。
26．A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，学校菜园项目不仅能让学生吃得更有营养，而且还让那些有情绪控制问题的学生感到成功。由此可推知，该项目的影响是深远的。
27．C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了艾比·贾拉米洛发起Urban Sprouts项目，带领学生种植蔬菜，学生们开始对园艺感兴趣的故事。因此C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”适合作本文标题。
三、
B 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——工作与敬业——积极上进的工作态度和生活方式
【解题导语】 本文叙述了美国爱荷华州的一位摄影师的拍摄日常。为了拍出优秀的风景照，摄影师付出了很多，其中不乏艰辛，当然，有遗憾也有收获。
24．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To make some of my landscape shots...go on adventures and take photos along the way.”可知，作者和他的朋友们通过到州公园或农村去拍照来应对中西部地理多样性少的挑战。
25．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，恰当的地点和恰当的时间对于拍摄任何风格的照片都起着决定性的作用。
26．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However, we did not mark the route...it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.”可知，作者和朋友几乎完全错过了日落，之后安置拍摄设备的时间就非常有限了，由此可推知，他们比预想的到达得晚。
27．B 解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Still，looking back on the photos...if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.”可知，虽然准备不充分，也没有管理好时间，但作者依然认为这是一些自己拍的最好的照片，对照片感到很满意。
四、
B 语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习——善于自己动手的泰瑞·博尔顿
【解题导语】 泰瑞·博尔顿是自己动手方面的能手，利用这一技能，她修饰房子，减少押金损失。研究表明，女性已成为这一项目的潮流领导者。
24．C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的“Skilled at putting up shelves...do a job she can do herself.”可推知，她是自我动手方面的专家，故画线部分意为“专家”。
25．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“A day's work was rewarded with ￡5 in pocket money.”及“It took weeks...proud of my skills.”可知，她外祖父给她零钱是对她一天的工作的鼓励。
26．A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段泰瑞·博尔顿所说的话可知，知道如何掩盖洞和重新粉刷房间是很有用的，这样搬出去的时候就可以避免任何费用。据此可知，她通过使房子看起来和入住时一样来避免损失押金。
27．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“Though DIY has traditionally been seen...leading the charge.”可知，研究表明，现在是女性主导了DIY这一潮流。据此可知，DIY当前深受女性欢迎。
议论文
D 语篇类型：议论文 主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通——集体商议的智慧
【解题导语】 作者从几个角度探讨群体智慧，指出群体讨论的结果比个人思考的结果更准确。
32．B 解析：段落大意题。通读第二段内容可知，本段解释了“群体智慧”效应的底层逻辑。
33．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In more technical terms，the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent.”和第三段中的“The key finding of the study was that...independent individuals.”可知，纳瓦哈斯的研究发现，即使团队成员的估计不是完全独立的，平均正确度依旧会提升。
34．C 解析：细节理解题。通读第四段可知，在后续研究中，研究的重点是小组内的讨论过程。
35．D 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为从他的研究看，团队讨论和做决定的潜在影响是巨大的，由此判断作者对纳瓦哈斯的研究持支持态度。
专题七 七选五
一、
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——自我成长——自我原谅
【解题导语】 本文介绍了自我原谅的一些具体方法，包括罗列个人优点、列举自己帮助别人的事迹等。
36．D 解析：根据本文的标题，并结合空后的“help you do this”和下文的内容可知，空处应提到forgiveness及它的重要性。
37．B 解析：根据空前的“Personal strengths”和空后的例子可知，B项“现在列出所有你喜欢的关于你自己的特点”承上启下，符合语境。
38．F 解析：空前讲述了列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情，F项“不管是什么事，不管它看起来可能有多小，把它写下来”总结上文，符合语境。
39．C 解析：空前讲述了你可以让朋友或家人帮你往列表里添加东西，C项“他们甚至可能愿意尝试这样做”承接上文，符合语境。
40．G 解析：根据空后的内容可知，我们都在改变并一直在学习。G项中的“it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后的“We're all changing”形成对比，符合语境。
二、
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——艺术——如何开启艺术之旅
【解题导语】 作者是一名艺术家，其在文中以第一人称的口吻向自己的粉丝传授初学者开启艺术之旅的一些技巧和建议。
36．C 解析：空后一句讲到你会想要回顾自己的旅程，看看自己已经走了多远，空处应做关于“看什么来回顾”的铺垫，C项中的“your beginner art”可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多远，呼应下文，符合语境。
37．G 解析：空处位于本段的结尾，空前一句讲到无论你是画静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能多地写生，空处应说明这样做的目的和好处，G项“你将培养出只有重复才能得到的绘画肌肉记忆”承接上文，符合语境。
38．A 解析：根据本段的主旨句“Continually challenge yourself to try something new.”可知，本段主要围绕“不断挑战自我去尝试新事物”展开，且空后讲到艺术之旅的成长有时会有些令人痛苦，A项“走出你的舒适区”引出下文，符合语境。
39．D 解析：空处为段落主旨句，根据本段中的“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback is crucial...They make me feel valued and respected”可知，本段讲述了可以利用社交媒体寻求建设性的反馈以及这样做的好处，D项“分享你的作品，如果这样做让你觉得舒服”适合作本段的主旨句。
40．E 解析：空前一句讲到你的旅途不会一路平坦，而空后讲到坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力，这是面对困境时的做法，空处应说明旅途中的困难，E项“你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到沮丧”承接上文，符合语境。
三、
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自然——人与植物——室内种植绿植可以给人们的生活带来许多益处
【解题导语】 室内绿植不仅可以净化空气，还可以改善人们的心情、减轻压力和增进记忆力。
36．B 解析：下文表明室内绿植还可以通过改善心情、减轻压力、增进记忆力来提升人们的幸福感，且空后的but与B项中的Not only在语义上构成递进关系，符合语境。
37．D 解析：上文表明在英国许多这样的物种不适宜在室外生长，特别是在冬季，和D项“相反，它们在室内更温暖的地方长势更好”构成转折关系，符合语境。
38．C 解析：根据本段小标题和本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了室内种植绿植有许多好处，此处引用他人的话也应呼应这一主题，C项符合语境。
39．E 解析：空处位于段尾，与上文内容存在例证关系，上文表明盆栽可以通过消除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气，还可以除去一些来自油漆或烹饪的有害化学物质。E项“和平百合和绿萝正是效果最好的植物”符合语境。
40．G 解析：下文It指代空处内容，说明这样做可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点并帮助人们增强家与自然的联系。G项“了解每种植物的习性会很有益处”符合语境。
四、
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——如何成为更有耐心的人
36．G 解析：根据空前的“There's one answer”可知，本空要回答前面的问题。根据文章标题和常识可知，这三种情况都需要人们多点耐心，故G项符合语境。
37．E 解析：空前讲到了感恩的很多好处，因此，空处讲到的应该还是好处，且涉及主题“耐心”，故E项符合语境。
38．B 解析：根据空前的“the only way...is to practice”可知，空处讲到的应该是如何练习，结合空后的“Put off watching...for that cake.”可知，此处讲到的都是一些细小的事情。B项承上启下，符合语境。
39．C 解析：本空考查段落主旨句。根据本段中的“when we experience something outside...the circumstances”可知，本段主要围绕如何在不舒服的情况下培养耐心展开，故C项适合作本段的主旨句。
40．F 解析：根据空前内容可知，本段主要讲到了接受不舒服，因此，空处讲到的也是在不舒服的情况下，可以给自己的心理暗示，故F项符合语境。
专题八 完形填空
一、
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——社会交往——舍弃自我利益帮助别人
【解题导语】 贝利在10月11日的越野赛中因为帮助一个对手而延误到达终点。虽然两人都没有赢得比赛，但人性善良的展示赢得了最终胜利。
41．D 解析：根据下文的“earlier than she did”和“across the finish line”可知，此处指贝利本应该要早一点完成(finish)比赛的。
42．A 解析：根据下文的“because she was carrying a ______ across the finish line”以及下文描述可知，贝利因为帮助竞争对手而耽搁(delay)了。
43．D 解析：根据下文的“Bailey then ______ to let Lenoue climb onto her back...to the finish line”可知，贝利背着她的竞争对手(competitor)通过了终点线。
44．A 解析：根据上文的“more than two－thirds of the way”以及下文的“a runner in front of her”可知，此处指她的比赛(race)。
45．C 解析：根据下文的“to help her fellow runner”可知，此处指贝利停下来(stop)去帮助她的竞争对手。
46．B 解析：根据上文的“Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward”可知，此处指贝利抓着勒诺的胳膊，想看看在她的帮助(aid)下勒诺是否可以向前走。
47．D 解析：根据下文的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line”可知，此处是指贝利弯腰(bend down)让勒诺爬到她的背上。
48．A 解析：根据下文的“Once there，Lenoue was ______ and later taken to a hospital”可知，贝利把勒诺背到一个她可以得到医疗处理(medical attention)的地方。
49．B 解析：根据下文的“later taken to a hospital”和“that aid checkpoint”可知，这个地方是进行医疗处理的地方，勒诺在这里先接受评估(assess)，然后被送往医院。
50．B 解析：根据上文的“crying in pain”和“she had serious injuries in one of her knees”可知，如果没有贝利的帮助，勒诺会在极度疼痛(pain)中挣扎着到达那个医疗检查点。
51．C 解析：根据下文的“why her act is considered a big ______”和“I feel...the right thing”可知，贝利是很疑惑的(confused)。
52．D 解析：根据下文贝利对记者说的话可以看出，贝利对其他人认为她的行为是一件重要的大事(a big deal)很不理解。
53．A 解析：根据上文的“to help her fellow runner”和“She was just crying”可知，这里是指贝利不能丢下(leave)她。
54．C 解析：根据上文可知，她们两个在这个比赛(meet)之前是不认识的。
55．B 解析：根据全文的描述可知，这里指的是人性善良的展示(display)赢得了最终胜利。
二、
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与社会——社会交往——帮助别人用飞机运输宠物狗
【解题导语】 乔治夫妇因预算紧张发帖求助运输他们的宠物狗，作者和凯伦碰巧能提供帮助，宠物狗的运输很顺利，乔治很感激作者，作者也很高兴。
41．B 解析：根据下文中的“They could not afford to pay for ______ for their dog”可知，他们的预算(budget)很紧张。
42．D 解析：根据上文中的“They had to move to Virginia”和下文中的“take Tiffy...Virginia”可知，他们支付不起狗的运输(transportation)费用。
43．A 解析：根据上文中的“I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka”可知，他们的预算很紧张，不能支付狗的运输费用，但是他们在网上发帖子求助，可见他们极其(desperately)想带上狗。
44．C 解析：根据下文中的“I was planning another PNP flight”可知，作者碰巧(happen)和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次飞行。
45．B 解析：根据下文中的“take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia”及下文内容可知，凯伦主动提出(offer)把狗蒂菲从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚州。
46．D 解析：根据上文中的“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”可知，作者飞往托皮卡就是为了接(pick up)蒂菲。
47．B 解析：根据下文中的“George, the husband, was trying to be calm”可知，当作者见到蒂菲的主人时，他们看起来特别紧张(nervous)。
48．A 解析：根据下文中的“having to leave his dog to a ______ and trust that everything would ______”可知，作者能看出这件事对乔治来说很难(hard)。
49．C 解析：根据上文内容可知，作者和这家人不认识，所以这家人是把他们的狗交给了一个陌生人(stranger)。
50．B 解析：根据上文中的“leave his dog to a ________”及语境可知，他不得不相信一切都会进展顺利(work out)。
51．D 解析：根据下文中的“into the plane”可知，作者让乔治和他妻子帮忙把蒂菲装上(load)飞机。
52．A 解析：根据下文中的“as soon as we got to Kansas City”及生活常识可知，作者承诺会照顾狗，且一到达堪萨斯城就打电话(call)给他们。
53．D 解析：根据下文中的“Tiffy was a great passenger”可知，这次飞行是平静无事的(uneventful)。
54．C 解析：根据上文内容可知，凯伦是一名飞行员，愿意把蒂菲从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚州，所以蒂菲是和凯伦一起飞(fly)去弗吉尼亚州的。
55．A 解析：根据下文中的“sent me a nice e－mail with pictures”可知，乔治非常感激(thankful)作者。
三、
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——追逐梦想——自我激励，实现梦想
【解题导语】 盖比·道格拉斯为了成为世界冠军，不得不离开她最熟悉的一切，寻找中国教练一起训练。这位中国教练帮助她成为第一个赢得奥运会全能冠军的黑人女性。通过自己的亲身经历，她想激励更多的人。
41．D 解析：根据上文的“To become the Olympic champion”可知，盖比·道格拉斯不得不离开她最熟悉(know)的一切。
42．B 解析：根据上文的“Gabby Douglas had to leave everything”可知，她不得不收拾(pack up)她的卧室。
43．A 解析：根据语境可知，道格拉斯不得不向她的两只狗和海滩告别(goodbye)。
44．C 解析：根据上文的the beach及下文的“waves on her board”可知，在海滩，她喜欢在她的冲浪板上冲浪。ride (the) waves意为“冲浪”。
45．B 解析：根据上文的But可知，是时候(time)迈出这一步了，该飞跃了。
46．B 解析：根据上文内容及语境可知，盖比·道格拉斯要离开她最熟悉的一切，这是令人心碎的(heartbreaking)。
47．D 解析：根据上文的“leave everything...to her two dogs and to the beach”可推知，她来到离家大约1 200英里的地方。go off意为“离开”。
48．D 解析：根据下文的“with a coach from China”可知，她跟随教练训练(train)。
49．A 解析：根据下文的“everything was new to her”可知，她和素未谋面(meet)的一家人住在一起。
50．C 解析：根据语境可知，道格拉斯击败(defeat)了两名俄罗斯运动员，这正是(exactly)她成为奥运冠军所需要做的。
51．A 解析：参见上题解析。
52．B 解析：根据下文内容及语境可知，这位中国教练使道格拉斯变为(transform)世界(world)上最好的体操运动员之一。
53．A 解析：参见上题解析。
54．C 解析：结合文章内容可知，这位中国教练帮助她从一名普通的(average)国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖运动员。
55．C 解析：根据下文的all around title可知，此处指赢得(win)奥运会全能冠军。
56．D 解析：根据下文的“from beginning to end”及语境可知，她在比赛中始终领先(lead)。
57．A 解析：根据下文的“she would win”可知，她说她一直确信(confident)自己会赢。
58．D 解析：根据语境可知，女子国家队联络人认为道格拉斯不具备成为奥运会运动员要求(take)的条件。
59．B 解析：根据语境可知，道格拉斯越来越(more and more)认为自己能够参加伦敦奥运会并且获胜。
60．A 解析：根据下文的“shine she did”可知，道格拉斯准备好出类拔萃(shine)了。
四、
语篇类型：夹叙夹议文 主题语境：人与自我——人生感悟——透过表面，感受内在
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者很多年前在加尔法尼亚纳买了一套房子，邻居马里奥给作者送来了西红柿和葡萄酒。西红柿和葡萄酒都其貌不扬，但邻居的好意让作者决定试一试。没想到，西红柿味道很好，葡萄酒也很完美。这让作者不禁感叹：不能以貌取“物”。而通过马里奥的礼物，作者也感受到了加尔法尼亚纳的味道。
41．D 解析：根据上文中的“I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer”可知，此处讲的是作者第一次居住(stay)期间的故事。
42．A 解析：根据上文中的“we heard the chug chug chug of a motorbike”和下文中的“down the hill toward us”可知，摩托车是向作者家行进(make its way)的。
43．B 解析：根据上文中的“The first time we ______ there”和下文中的“some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”可以推测，马里奥应该是作者的邻居(neighbor)。
44．C 解析：根据语境可知，马里奥在作者第一次到来的时候，给作者带来(bring)了一些西红柿和一瓶葡萄酒以示欢迎。
45．D 解析：根据上文可知，马里奥在作者第一次到来的时候，给作者送礼物是一种善意的表示(gesture)。
46．A 解析：根据下文中的“because they were so misshapen”可以推测，奇形怪状的西红柿让作者很担忧(worried)。
47．C 解析：根据下文中的“you get in a supermarket”并结合生活常识可知，超市里的西红柿看起来漂亮、圆圆的而又有光泽(shiny)。
48．B 解析：根据上文中对西红柿及酒的描述可知，作者觉得这瓶葡萄酒的质量也好(good)不到哪里去。
49．B 解析：根据上文可知，哪怕礼物看起来不怎么好，作者对马里奥的善良还是很感激的(thankful for)。
50．A 解析：根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had...used to grow when I was a child.”和“but it was ______”可知，作者还是试着(try)吃了西红柿，并试喝了葡萄酒。
51．C 解析：根据下文中的“Those tomatoes...used to grow when I was a child.”可知，西红柿很好吃，因此只根据西红柿奇形怪状的外表就判断它不好，这是不明智的(unwise)。
52．A 解析：根据上文中的“because they were so misshapen”可知，作者之前就根据西红柿的外表对其进行了评判，这里表示仅凭你吃的东西的外表(appearance)作评判是不明智的。
53．D 解析：根据常识可知，应该是西红柿的味道(taste)让作者想起了自己小时候叔叔种的西红柿。
54．B 解析：根据上文中的“the nice, round, ______ things you get in a supermarket”可知，这里表示超市里的西红柿看起来(look)很完美但寡而无味。
55．A 解析：根据上文可知，超市里的看起来很完美但寡而无味的西红柿无法给人们留下美好的(happy)回忆。
56．D 解析：根据上文中的“It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones”可知，此处作者是在吐槽人们为什么不把西红柿种成方的，这样还好包装(pack)呢。
57．A 解析：结合空前的“Mario's wine may...of an old bottle”可知，马里奥的酒可能是浑浊的，是从一个旧瓶子里倒出来的，但是他的酒完美(perfect)。
58．C 解析：根据上文中的“It's good to eat things at the correct time”和常识可知，当季的(in season)食物是可口的。
59．D 解析：根据上文中的“as close as possible”及下文“What Mario...the Garfagnana.”可知，吃离种植(grown)地尽可能近的食物更新鲜、更好。
60．B 解析：根据上文中的“coming to ______ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”可知，马里奥给(give)作者一家的西红柿和酒让作者感受到了加尔法尼亚纳的味道。
专题九 语法填空
一、
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化——中国美食
【解题导语】 本文介绍了中国的特色小吃——小笼包，包括其吃法、发源地等。
56．tasty 解析：考查形容词。空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词soup，故空处用形容词tasty。
57．to bite 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查“whether＋不定式”结构，空处与下文的to put是并列关系。
58．or 解析：考查连词。“whether...or...”意为“是……还是……”，是固定搭配。
59．recognized 解析：考查非谓语动词。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词home，且与home之间是被动关系，故用过去分词recognized。
60．by 解析：考查介词。by hand意为“用手工”，是固定搭配。
61．to be lifted 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”。them与lift是被动关系，此处构成allow sth. to be done结构，意为“允许某事被做”，故空处用to be lifted。
62．their 解析：考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰空后的名词contents，表示“不会使包子开裂，或者溢出包子里的任何东西”。
63．a 解析：考查冠词。a touch of意为“少许、微量”，是固定搭配。
64．rarely 解析：考查副词。此处enough为形容词，其前应用副词修饰，故用rarely。
65．wanting 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是“leave sb. doing sth.”结构；句中此处表示“使我想着下次多吃点”。
二、
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——工作与学习——教熊猫饲养员英语
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了作者教熊猫饲养员英语的经历。
56．arrival 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词before的宾语，由定冠词the修饰，应用名词形式arrival。
57．confident 解析：考查形容词。根据空前的comfortable and可知，空处与形容词comfortable并列作feel的表语，应用形容词形式confident。
58．to/with 解析：考查介词。根据下文中的“Not the pandas...They talk to the flood of international tourists”可知，此处意为“他们和谁说英语呢”，空处应用to或with。
59．the 解析：考查冠词。空后为可数名词单数形式language，空处应用冠词起限定作用；根据“used for the medical training instructions”可知，此处表特指，空处应用定冠词the。
60．visiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰空后的“Chinese zookeepers”，visit与Chinese zookeepers之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式visiting。
61．interviews 解析：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词give的宾语，又根据“with international journalists”可知，空处表示复数意义，应用名词复数形式interviews。
62．why 解析：考查表语从句。此处为固定句型“This is why...”，意为“这就是……的原因”。
63．Basically 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式；单词位于句首首字母应大写，空处应用Basically。
64．and 解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空前的“to watch...develop”和空后的“to see...home”可知，空处前后结构相似，是语意上的并列关系，空处应用连词and。
65．wished 解析：考查动词的时态。根据空前的“As a little girl”和下文中的“when I grew up...I'm living out that dream”可知，此处讲的是作者小时候的愿望，时态应用一般过去时。
三、
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——人类文明与社会进步——北京市连接古代文化与现代文化
【解题导语】 北京市在保护古代文化遗产的同时发展城市，为世界各国树立了榜样。
61．to 解析：考查介词。from...to...意为“从……到……”，是固定用法。
62．built 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构，system of ring roads与build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。
63．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为place，应用that或which。
64．wonders 解析：考查名词复数。wonder在此处意为“奇迹，奇观”，是可数名词，空前无限定词修饰，应用名词复数形式。
65．but/yet 解析：考查连词。前后分句之间是转折关系，应用but或yet。
66．Having visited 解析：考查非谓语动词。结合句意及句中的时间状语“several times over the last 10 years”可知，visit与Ⅰ之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式；其所表示的动作已经发生多次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，应用现在完成时。
67．am amazed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现在时；I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。
68．recording 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为“spend some time doing sth.”结构，应用动词 ing形式。
69．remarkable 解析：考查形容词。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词development，应用形容词形式。
70．means 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。文章的主时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；句子主语为development，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
四、
语篇类型：说明文 主题语境：人与社会——社会与文化——寓言的功能和作用
【解题导语】 本文介绍了卡森借助传统寓言传递严肃的教育意义来教导人们承担起保护环境的责任。
61．to teach 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语，所以空处用to teach。后面的“or to pass”也是提示。
62．sixth 解析：考查序数词。空前有定冠词the，空后是名词century，并结合句意可知，空处用序数词sixth。
63．as 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语，且先行词是前面的整个主句，此处表示“正如”，所以空处用as。
64．where 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where。
65．borrowing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语，与逻辑主语her fable之间是主谓关系，所以空处用现在分词borrowing。
66．intended 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语作后置定语。be intended for是固定用法，所以空处用过去分词intended。
67．Different 解析：考查形容词。be different from意为“与……不同”，是固定短语，此处是形容词短语作状语，位于句首，单词首字母要大写，故用Different。
68．for 解析：考查介词。take responsibility for意为“对……负责”，是固定短语。
69．warning 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空前有冠词和形容词修饰，故空处应用名词warning。
70．be employed 解析：考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。主语a simple literary form和动词employ之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。空前是情态动词，故用be employed。
专题十 短文改错
一、
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自我——生活趣事——妈妈的染发经历
Last Friday my mom decided to color hair. She studied all the hair products at the drugstore. The color she came in a box which had a picture of a woman hair color looked just perfect. Mom was sure same color would look great on her. She put the new color on her hair sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions .However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she got purple hair. She went right into the shower to it, but it was no use. At least one thing proved ： the color wouldn't wash out.
二、
语篇类型：记叙文 主题语境：人与自然——人与动植物——爱上昆虫
I used to afraid of insects, but last Friday's biology class a big change in me. In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed insects on stamps. The bees, and many other insects looked lovely and on the stamps. Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects described their living habits. She even played some recordings of their singing, was fun. Now, I've come to love those small living things. In the evening, when I take walk in the school garden, the singing of insects more meaningful to me.
专题十一 应用文写作
一、
One possible version：
Dear__Ryan，
I'm__Li__Hua__from__Class__3. We're overwhelmed with excitement at the knowledge that an oral English class will be arranged for us. But learning that we'll be randomly paired to do the oral practice, I feel an urge to express my different voice, hoping that this wouldn't offend you.
To begin with, it couldn't be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately rather than at random, so that we can help each other during our practice. Additionally, to ensure that our oral practice goes smoothly，I suggest that you put three to four students together, with one as the group leader, in which case we can communicate with each other at a great depth.
Should it be possible, I truly hope you can take my suggestions into consideration.
Yours__sincerely，
Li__Hua
二、
One possible version：
Learning a New Skill
It is important for us to master some basic living skills to prepare us for our future life.That is why I learned how to cook during the May Day holiday.
Since my mother is skilled at cooking, I decided to learn from her. Early in the morning we bought some ingredients, including some vegetables, meat and a fish in the local market. Once we got back home, I began to wash and cut them carefully. Under the guidance of my mother, I turned on the gas cooker. I first stir fried two vegetables. Then I cooked meat with potatoes. The most difficult task to do was cook fish with tomatoes. However, I finally did it.
The moment I put the dishes on the table, my parents gave me a thumbs up.I felt so proud that I shared housework with my parents, which also showed I had grown up.
三、
One possible version：
The Historical Figure in China
Among the Chinese historical figures that are widely acknowledged, Fan Zhongyan is the most influential in my opinion. Here are the reasons.
Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated because he made great contributions to society. He spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous. Besides, he proposed the establishment of a national school system, which had a far reaching influence on the Chinese educational system.
What impresses me most is his famous philosophy of life：“Be the first to worry about the troubles across the land, the last to enjoy universal happiness.” Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to be a man of noble character.
专题十二 读后续写
One possible version：
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I still remember it was a Monday morning in spring, when my teacher called me to his office, telling me that I had taken the first place in the writing contest, and that I was the only winner whose native language wasn't English. Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his words, I simply stood there dumbfounded, and my feet, as if rooted to the ground, couldn't move a bit. The next day, I was presented with my award and a certificate at the ceremony.
I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation. Giggling instantly with a broad smile spreading on his face, he told me that he was proud of my wonderful performance. It was at that moment that a warm surge of streams washed through my body, and the image of the horse emerged in my mind, encouraging me to continue writing. Indeed, I got a taste of victory and learned to pursue my dream with perseverance, whatever difficulties might arise.INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题三.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题三.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)This is 62.____________ they need an English trainer.
2．(2023·全国乙卷语法填空)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63.____________ welcomes the fast paced development of modern life, with 21st century architectural 64.wonders (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
3．(2023·全国乙卷短文改错)The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfect.____________________
4．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63.____________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
5．(2023·全国甲卷语法填空)“There was once a town in the heart of America 64.____________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, 65.borrowing (borrow) some familiar words from many age old fables.
6．(2023·全国甲卷短文改错)She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun.____________________INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题九.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题九.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
一、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers encasing hot, 56.____________ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57.____________ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the steam and risking a spill (溢出), 58.______________ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue (舌头).
Shanghai may be the 59.____________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace. There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed 60.____________ hand rather than rolled.
Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61.____________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of 62.____________ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 63.____________ touch of sweetness, and the surrounding soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is 64.____________ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left 65.____________ (want) more next time.
二、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 56.____________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57.____________ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English 58.____________？
Not the pandas, even though 59.____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60.____________ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 61.____________ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is 62.____________ they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning？63.____________ (basic), how to describe a panda's life. It's been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 64.____________ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 65.____________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I'm living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
三、
(2023·全国乙卷)Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 61.____________ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 62.____________ (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63.____________ welcomes the fast paced development of modern life, with 21st century architectural 64.____________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn't work, 65.____________ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 66.____________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67.____________ (amaze) by the co existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68.____________ (record) everything I discovered.
The 69.____________ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 70.____________ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
四、
(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61.____________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well known Aesop's fables date to the 62.____________ (six) century B．C.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63.____________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fables. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America 64.____________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, 65.____________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 66.____________ (intend) for everyone.
67．____________ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson's story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68.____________ saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty 69.____________(warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70.____________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题六.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题六.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
记叙文
一、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ，B)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self repair.”
24．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of traveling.
B．He enjoyed being alone.
C．He had an inquiring mind.
D．He longed to be a doctor.
25．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A．To feed the animals.
B．To build an ecosystem.
C．To protect the plants.
D．To test the eco machine.
26．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A．To review John's research plans.
B．To show an application of John's idea.
C．To compare John's different jobs.
D．To erase doubts about John's invention.
27．What is the basis for John's work
A．Nature can repair itself.
B．Organisms need water to survive.
C．Life on Earth is diverse.
D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
二、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ，B)Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts' classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands on experiments such as soil testing, flower and seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside，” she says, “and they feel successful.”
24．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A．She used to be a health worker.
B．She grew up in a low income family.
C．She owns a fast food restaurant.
D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
25．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A．The kids' parents distrusted her.
B．Students had little time for her classes.
C．Some kids disliked garden work.
D．There was no space for school gardens.
26．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A．Far reaching. B．Predictable.
C．Short lived. D．Unidentifiable.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Rescuing School Gardens
B．Experiencing Country Life
C．Growing Vegetable Lovers
D．Changing Local Landscape
三、
(2023·全国乙卷，B)Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10 minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil's Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
24．How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest
A．By teaming up with other photographers.
B．By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C．By studying the geographical conditions.
D．By creating settings in the corn fields.
25．What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author
A．Proper time management.
B．Good shooting techniques.
C．Adventurous spirit.
D．Distinctive styles.
26．What can we infer from the author's trip with friends to Devil's Lake
A．They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B．They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C．They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D．They had problems with their equipment.
27．How does the author find his photos taken at Devil's Lake
A．Amusing. B．Satisfying.
C．Encouraging. D．Comforting.
四、
(2023·全国甲卷，B) Terri Bolton is a__dab__hand when it comes to DIY (do it yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day's work was rewarded with ￡5 in pocket money. She says: “I'm sure I wasn't much of a help to start with.But when Derek built our family house about eight years ago, I was heavily involved(参与), painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.”
Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I've moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.”
With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over the coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around ￡823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. A fifth wish to increase the value of their houses. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
24．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1
A．An artist. B．A winner.
C．A specialist. D．A pioneer.
25．Why did Terri's grandfather give her ￡5 a day
A．For a birthday gift.
B．As a treat for her work.
C．To support her DIY projects.
D．To encourage her to take up a hobby.
26．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented
A．By making it look like before.
B．By furnishing it herself.
C．By splitting the rent with a roommate.
D．By cancelling the rental agreement.
27．What trend in DIY does the research show
A．It is becoming more costly.
B．It is getting more time consuming.
C．It is turning into a seasonal industry.
D．It is gaining popularity among females.
议论文
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ，D)On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people's errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time, but it wasn't the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision making are enormous.
32．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A．The methods of estimation.
B．The underlying logic of the effect.
C．The causes of people's errors.
D．The design of Galton's experiment.
33．Navajas' study found that the average accuracy could increase even if ________．
A．the crowds were relatively small
B．there were occasional underestimates
C．individuals did not communicate
D．estimates were not fully independent
34．What did the follow up study focus on
A．The size of the groups.
B．The dominant members.
C．The discussion process.
D．The individual estimates.
35．What is the author's attitude toward Navajas' studies
A．Unclear. B．Dismissive.
C．Doubtful. D．Approving.INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题十一.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题十一.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
一、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．说明问题；
2．提出建议。
注意：词数80左右。
Dear Ryan，
I'm Li Hua from Class 3._________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
二、
(2023·全国乙卷)学校英文报组织同学们分享自己在假期中学到的新技能，请你以此为主题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1．简要描述；
2．体验和感受。
注意：词数100左右。
Learning a New Skill
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
三、
(2023·全国甲卷)你们学校正举办主题为“用英文讲中国故事”的征文活动。请你以一位中国历史人物为题写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
1．人物简介及事迹；
2．意义或启示。
注意：词数100左右。
The Historical Figure in China
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题十二.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题十二.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere's horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse's mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else's choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night Did he get tired Have doubts Did he want to quit I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere's horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn't win, I wouldn't care.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.________________________________________________________________
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I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation.________________________________________________________
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一、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36.________ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.”37.________ Are you caring Creative Generous A good listener Fun to be around They don't have to be world changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you've done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.38.________
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.39.________ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self confidence at any time.
It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. 40.________ We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.
A．A little self forgiveness also goes a long way.
B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D．It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E．It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it.
F．Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality.
二、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 36.________ You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lives, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible.37.________
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new.38.________ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we've all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·39.________ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you're on won't follow a straight path.40.________ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A．Get out of your comfort zone.
B．Make career plans and set goals.
C．Don't throw away your beginner art.
D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E．You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times.
F．Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G．You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
三、
(2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.36.________， but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37.________.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “38.________. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39.________.
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “40.________，” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A．All plants are different
B．Not only do they look beautiful
C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D．Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E．Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
四、
(2023·全国甲卷)
Tricks To Becoming A More Patient Person
Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common There's one answer：36.________.
In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.37.________. “Showing thankfulness can foster self control，” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. 38.________. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations.
39.________
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “40.________.” You'll then gradually become more patient.
A．Find your causes
B．Start with small tasks
C．Accept the uncomfortable
D．All this adds up to a state of hurry
E．It can also help us practice more patience
F．This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G．They're all situations where we could use a little extra patienceINCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题十.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题十.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
一、
(2023·全国乙卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\ 划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2．只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起)不计分。
Last Friday my mom decided to color his hair. She studied with all the hair products at the drugstore. The color she choose came in a box which had a picture of a woman that hair color looked just perfect. Mom was sure same color would look great on her. She put the new color on her hair or sat still for 30 minutes, just as the directions saying. However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair. She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use. At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn't wash out.
二、
(2023·全国甲卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处， 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I used to afraid of insects, but last Friday's biology class make a big change in me. In that class, Miss Zhao, our biology teacher, showed we insects on stamps. The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps. Miss Zhao told us the names of the insects or described their living habits. She even played some recordings of their singing, what was fun. Now, I've come to love those of small living things. In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me.INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题五.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题五.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
一、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ，C)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
28．What is the book aimed at
A．Teaching critical thinking skills.
B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C．Solving philosophical problems.
D．Promoting the use of a digital device.
29．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Clear up. B．Add on.
C．Check in. D．Take over.
30．What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A．Theoretical models.
B．Statistical methods.
C．Practical examples.
D．Historical analyses.
31．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A．Use them as needed.
B．Recommend them to friends.
C．Evaluate their effects.
D．Identify the ideas behind them.
二、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ，C)Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate__to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery powered e reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off line” activity.
28．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．An introduction to a book.
B．An essay on the art of writing.
C．A guidebook to a museum.
D．A review of modern paintings.
29．What are the selected artworks about
A．Wealth and intellect.
B．Home and school.
C．Books and reading.
D．Work and leisure.
30．What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Understand. B．Paint.
C．Seize. D．Transform.
31．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e reader
A．The printed book is not totally out of date.
B．Technology has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D．People now rarely have the patience to read.
三、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ，D)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”
Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.
32．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A．Pocket parks are now popular.
B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C．Many cities are overpopulated.
D．People enjoy living close to nature.
33．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories
A．To compare different types of park goers.
B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C．To analyze the main features of the park.
D．To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
34．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5
A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C．The same nature experience takes different forms.
D．The nature language enhances work performance.
35．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A．Language study.
B．Environmental conservation.
C．Public education.
D．Intercultural communication.
四、
(2023·全国乙卷，C)What comes into your mind when you think of British food Probably fish and chips, or a Sunday dinner of meat and two vegetables. But is British food really so uninteresting Even though Britain has a reputation for less than impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.
It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat and two veg and ready made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits. It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain's consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. There has been a rise in the number of students applying for food courses at UK universities and colleges. It seems that TV programmes have helped change what people think about cooking.
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK's obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
28．What do people usually think of British food
A．It is simple and plain.
B．It is rich in nutrition.
C．It lacks authentic tastes.
D．It deserves a high reputation.
29．Which best describes cookery programmes on British TV
A．Authoritative. B．Creative.
C．Profitable. D．Influential.
30．Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now
A．20%. B．24%.
C．25%. D．33%.
31．What might the author continue talking about
A．The art of cooking in other countries.
B．Male chefs on TV programmes.
C．Table manners in the UK.
D．Studies of big eaters.
五、
(2023·全国乙卷，D)If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity's later achievements, and until fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that, but in many cases we simply can't. The clearest example of this between literate and non literate history is perhaps the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook's voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English side, we have scientific reports and the captain's record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider contact (联系) between literate and non literate societies such as these, all our first hand accounts are necessarily twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation,__we have to read not just the texts, but the objects.
32．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．How past events should be presented.
B．What humanity is concerned about.
C．Whether facts speak louder than words.
D．Why written language is reliable.
33．What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2
A．His report was scientific.
B．He represented the local people.
C．He ruled over Botany Bay.
D．His record was one sided.
34．What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Problem. B．History.
C．Voice. D．Society.
35．Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from
A．How Maps Tell Stories of the World
B．A Short History of Australia
C．A History of the World in 100 Objects
D．How Art Works Tell Stories
六、
(2023·全国甲卷，C)I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you—and then try to explain them.
Eric Weiner's The Socrates Express：In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It's worth your time, even if time is something we don't have a lot of.
28．Who opened the door to philosophy for the author
A．Foucault. B．Eric Weiner.
C．Jostein Gaarder. D．A college teacher.
29．Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4
A．To compare Weiner with them.
B．To give examples of great works.
C．To praise their writing skills.
D．To help readers understand Weiner's book.
30．What does the author like about The Socrates Express
A．Its views on history are well presented.
B．Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C．It includes comments from readers.
D．It leaves an open ending.
31．What does the author think of Weiner's book
A．Objective and plain.
B．Daring and ambitious.
C．Serious and hard to follow.
D．Humorous and straightforward.
七、
(2023·全国甲卷，D)Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re occupying large areas of their former range，” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U．S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50，000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2，000 or more grizzly bears in the U．S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits，” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.
32．How do Americans look at grizzlies
A．They cause mixed feelings in people.
B．They should be kept in national parks.
C．They are of high scientific value.
D．They are a symbol of American culture.
33．What has helped the increase of the grizzly population
A．The European settlers' behavior.
B．The expansion of bears' range.
C．The protection by law since 1975.
D．The support of Native Americans.
34．What has stopped the U．S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de listing grizzlies
A．The opposition of conservation groups.
B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C．The voice of the biologists.
D．The local farmers' advocates.
35．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A．Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C．A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.INCLUDEPICTURE "分类汇编22英语专题八.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "../新建文件夹%20(5)/分类汇编22英语专题八.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
一、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have__41__ the course earlier than she did. Her __42__ came because she was carrying a __43__ across the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two thirds of the way through her__44__ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She __45__ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with __46__. She couldn't. Bailey then __47__ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get __48__ attention.
Once there, Lenoue was__49__ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme __50__ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.
As for Bailey, she is more__51__ about why her act is considered a big __52__. “She was just crying. I couldn't __53__ her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the__54__， they've since become friends. Neither won the race, but the __55__ of human kindness won the day.
41．A.designed B．followed
C．changed D．finished
42．A.delay B．chance
C．trouble D．excuse
43．A.judge B．volunteer
C．classmate D．competitor
44．A.race B．school
C．town D．training
45．A.agreed B．returned
C．stopped D．promised
46．A.courage B．aid
C．patience D．advice
47．A.went away B．stood up
C．stepped aside D．bent down
48．A.medical B．public
C．constant D．equal
49．A.interrupted B．assessed
C．identified D．appreciated
50．A.hunger B．pain
C．cold D．tiredness
51．A.worried B．ashamed
C．confused D．discouraged
52．A.game B．problem
C．lesson D．deal
53．A.leave B．cure
C．bother D．understand
54．A.ride B．test
C．meet D．show
55．A.secret B．display
C．benefit D．exchange
二、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight__41__. They could not afford to pay for __42__ for their dog, Tiffy, and __43__ wanted to take her with them.
It just__44__ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who __45__ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to __46__ Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy's owners, they seemed very__47__. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was __48__ for him, having to leave his dog to a __49__ and trust that everything would __50__．
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me__51__ Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and __52__ them as soon as we got to Kansas City.
The flight was__53__， and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she __54__ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so __55__ and sent me a nice e mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
41．A.turn B．budget
C．schedule D．connection
42．A.food B．shelter
C．medicine D．transportation
43．A.desperately B．temporarily
C．secretly D．originally
44．A.appeared B．proved
C．happened D．showed
45．A.waited B．offered
C．hurried D．failed
46．A.see off B．look for
C．hand over D．pick up
47．A.confused B．nervous
C．annoyed D．curious
48．A.hard B．fine
C．common D．lucky
49．A.coworker B．passenger
C．stranger D．neighbor
50．A.speed up B．work out
C．come back D．take off
51．A.feed B．follow
C．change D．load
52．A.call B．join
C．leave D．serve
53．A.unnecessary B．unexpected
C．unavoidable D．uneventful
54．A.returned B．fought
C．flew D．agreed
55．A.thankful B．generous
C．proud D．sympathetic
三、
(2023·全国乙卷)To become the Olympic champion in the individual (个人) all around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she __41__ best. She had to __42__ her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say __43__ to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to __44__ waves on her board. But it was __45__ to take the leap (飞跃), however __46__ it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she __47__ about 1，200 miles away from home, to __48__ with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never __49__ and everything was new to her.
As it turned out, Douglas did__50__ what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she __51__two Russians. The Chinese coach __52__ Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the __53__， helping her skyrocket from an __54__ member of the national team to the top of the sport. By __55__ the Olympic all around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She __56__ the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt __57__ all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator (联络人) of the women's national team, did not think Douglas had what it __58__ to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought __59__ that she could make the London Games—and win.
“I'm going to inspire so many people，” she said. “I'm ready to__60__．” And shine she did.
41．A.tried B．thought
C．judged D．knew
42．A.take up B．pack up
C．clean up D．do up
43．A.goodbye B．hello
C．thanks D．no
44．A.cause B．observe
C．ride D．strike
45．A.common B．time
C．fun D．tough
46．A.breathtaking B．heartbreaking
C．eye catching D．head spinning
47．A.dropped out B．moved on
C．pulled over D．went off
48．A.reason B．talk
C．compete D．train
49．A.met B．helped
C．understood D．needed
50．A.approximately B．gradually
C．exactly D．possibly
51．A.defeated B．pleased
C．respected D．assisted
52．A.forced B．transformed
C．persuaded D．put
53．A.world B．city
C．team D．state
54．A.amateur B．elected
C．average D．enthusiastic
55．A.clarifying B．defending
C．winning D．demanding
56．A.followed B．organized
C．watched D．led
57．A.confident B．nervous
C．excited D．uneasy
58．A.viewed B．appeared
C．mattered D．took
59．A.now and then B．more and more
C．far and wide D．on and on
60．A.shine B．fly
C．dance D．score
四、
(2023·全国甲卷)Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we__41__ there, we heard the chug chug chug of a motorbike __42__ its way down the hill toward us. It was a __43__ called Mario, coming to __44__ us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice __45__ for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were __46__ because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, __47__ things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can't be any __48__， we thought. But we were __49__ his kindness, so we __50__ them.
What we discovered is that it's__51__ to judge what you eat only by its __52__. Those tomatoes had a __53__ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes __54__ perfect but taste of water. Nobody's going to have a __55__ memory of those. It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones so that they can __56__ them easily. Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was __57__．
It's good to eat things at the correct time, when they're__58__， and as close as possible to where they were __59__. What Mario had __60__ us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
41．A.waited B．met
C．camped D．stayed
42．A.making B．searching
C．squeezing D．feeling
43．A.customer B．neighbor
C．relative D．passenger
44．A.lend B．send
C．bring D．show
45．A.choice B．comment
C．promise D．gesture
46．A.worried B．moved
C．thrilled D．bored
47．A.simple B．real
C．shiny D．fun
48．A.more B．good
C．new D．easy
49．A.sympathetic to B．thankful for
C．cautious about D．interested in
50．A.tried B．sold
C．returned D．mixed
51．A.unnecessary B．uncertain
C．unwise D．unusual
52．A.appearance B．quality
C．origin D．price
53．A.size B．shape
C．color D．taste
54．A.smell B．look
C．become D．work
55．A.happy B．vivid
C．short D．vague
56．A.clean B．check
C．count D．pack
57．A.perfect B．useful
C．convenient D．familiar
58．A.on view B．on sale
C．in season D．in need
59．A.finished B．stored
C．found D．grown
60．A.cooked B．given
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一、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ，A)
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2，500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children's bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake,No Gears
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Guided City Tours
The 2.5 hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1：00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
21．What is an advantage of MacBike
A．It gives children a discount.
B．It offers many types of bikes.
C．It organizes free cycle tours.
D．It has over 2，500 rental shops.
22．How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
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23．Where does the guided city tour start
A．The Gooyer Windmill.
B．The Skinny Bridge.
C．Heineken Brewery.
D．Dam Square.
二、
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ，A)Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you're hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park's amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics(June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area's natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone's park photographer for a hands on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19 Waterfalls & Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10 Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
21．Which of the four programs begins the earliest
A．Photography Workshops.
B．Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C．Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D．Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
22．What is the short talk at Artist Point about
A．Works of famous artists.
B．Protection of wild animals.
C．Basic photography skills.
D．History of the canyon area.
23．Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop
A．Artist Point.
B．Washburn Trailhead.
C．Canyon Village Store.
D．Visitor Education Center.
三、
(2023·全国乙卷，A)
PRACTITIONERS
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine.
Tan Yunxian (1461 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician.
James Barry(c.1789 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man.
Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves.
21．What did Jacqueline and James have in common
A．Doing teaching jobs.
B．Being hired as physicians.
C．Performing surgery.
D．Being banned from medicine.
22．How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners
A．She wrote a book.
B．She went through trials.
C．She worked as a dentist.
D．She had formal education.
23．Who was the first African American with a medical degree
A．Jacqueline Felice de Almania.
B．Tan Yunxian.
C．James Barry.
D．Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
四、
(2023·全国甲卷，A)
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options. Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining, Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It's the only Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the world's 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for his London based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issaya Siamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is internationally known Thai chef Ian Kittichai's first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo.lan
Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok's culinary scene since it opened in 2009. Serving hard to find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots, yet still manages to add a special twist. This place is good for a candle lit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For those extremely hungry, there's a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the latest “Asia's 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two story colonial Thai home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary theater at its best.
21．What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common
A．They adopt modern cooking methods.
B．They have branches in London.
C．They have top class chefs.
D．They are based in hotels.
22．Which restaurant offers a large set menu
A．Gaggan.
B．Bo.lan.
C．Issaya Siamese Club.
D．Nahm.
23．What is special about Gaggan
A．It hires staff from India.
B．It puts on a play every day.
C．It serves hard to find local dishes.
D．It shows the cooking process to guests.
