专题一 词类(名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、连词和介词)、短语辨析 1
专题二 动词的时态和语态及情态动词、虚拟语气 3
专题三 非谓语动词和交际用语 4
专题四 从句(名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句) 5
专题五 阅读理解——应用文 6
专题六 阅读理解——记叙文 9
专题七 阅读理解——说明文、议论文 13
专题八 七选五 18
专题九 完形填空——记叙文 21
专题十 完形填空——夹叙夹议文 24
专题十一 语法填空 28
专题十二 短文改错 30
专题十三 书面表达 31
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Landing on the moon’s far side is 62.____________(extreme) challenging.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)The far side of the moon is of particular 64.____________(interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山), more so 65.____________ the familiar near side.
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69.____________ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70.____________(it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
4．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself.____________________
5．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.____________________
6．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently unless the oil was hot.____________________
7．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)“Not that way，” my mom tried to stop us but failed.____________________
8．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Chinese New Year is a 61.____________(celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
9．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Oranges：Orange trees are more 64.____________ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
10．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and offices. 66.____________(certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.
11．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)Bamboo plants are associated 67.____________ health, abundance and a happy home.
12．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The 69.____________(beauty) long branches covered with pink－colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.
13．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)I’m surely you’ll have a good time.____________________
14．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.____________________
15．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.____________________
16．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China.____________________
17．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)See you sooner.____________________
18．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62.____________(fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
19．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Filled with 64.____________(curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
20．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)As the small boat moved 68.____________(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
21．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist 70.____________ earth, Mother Nature.
22．(2020·新高考山东卷语法填空)In the 18th and 19th centuries，36.____________(wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.
23．(2020·新高考山东卷语法填空)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine 42.____________(they) living at a different time in history or 43.walking(walk) through a rainforest.
24．(2020·新高考山东卷语法填空)Historical 44.____________(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
25．(2020·新高考山东卷语法填空)Museums must compete 45.____________ people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
26．(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Some time after 10000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56.____________，through agriculture.
27．(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Later, they learned to work with the 62.____________(season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 63.making(make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.
28．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)There will still be lots of challenges if we are to ________ garbage in a short time.
A．clarify B．justify
C．satisfy D．classify
29．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)The outbreak of COVID 19 has meant an ________ change in our life and work.
A．absurd B．abrupt
C．allergic D．authentic
30．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)Taking on this challenge will bring you ________ someone who shares your interests.
A．in exchange for
B．in answer to
C．in contact with
D．in memory of
31．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ________．
A．whichever B．whenever
C．wherever D．whatever
32．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable ________．
A．reservation B．transformation
C．distinction D．submission
33．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ________ a new generation of virtual reality.
A．allowing for B．accounting for
C．calling for D．compensating for
34．(2020·天津卷单项填空)According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ________．
A．worthwhile B．necessary
C．optional D．serious
35．(2020·天津卷单项填空)I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ________ him.
A．drank a toast to
B．played a joke on
C．kept an eye on
D．made an apology to
36．(2020·天津卷单项填空)We offered to give Sharon a ride home，but she ________， saying that she felt like walking.
A．understood B．accepted
C．compromised D．declined
37．(2020·天津卷单项填空)For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ________ a monkey.
A．in the shape of
B．beyond the reach of
C．at the mercy of
D．on the side of
38．(2020·天津卷单项填空)We can’t ________ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
A．take up B．carry out
C．keep on D．put off
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)The unmanned Chang’e－4 probe(探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—61.____________(touch) down last week in the South Pole－Aitken basin.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)“This really excites scientists，”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it 67.____________(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68.____________(construct)．”
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)I like eating tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook.____________________
4．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, I have long been out of practice.____________________
5．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)The artist was sure he would 63.____________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
6．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)65.When/As he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66.____________(point) down the river.
7．(2020·新高考山东卷语法填空)The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38.____________(form) the core collection of the British Museum 39.which/that opened in 1759.
8．(2020·新高考山东卷语法填空)The parts of a museum open to the public 40.____________(call) galleries or rooms.
9．(2020·浙江卷语法填空)And, as more children were born, more food 59.____________(need)．
10．(2020·浙江卷语法填空)By about 6000 BC, people 61.____________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
11．(2020·浙江卷语法填空)New methods 65.____________(mean) that fewer people worked in farming.
12．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ________ everyone.
A．suit B．suited
C．suits D．has suited
13．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)Instead of getting down to a new task as I ________， he examined the previous work again.
A．had expected B．have expected
C．would expect D．expect
14．(2020·天津卷单项填空)Jim says we ________ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.
A．must B．can
C．need D．should
15．(2020·天津卷单项填空)—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ________ a lot these days.
A．have been practising B．was practising
C．would practise D．had practised
16．(2020·天津卷单项填空)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ________ around that level ever since.
A．are remaining B．have remained
C．is remaining D．has remained
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e－4 66.__________(find) and study areas of the South Pole－Aitken basin.
2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook.____________________
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)My mom told me how to preparing it.____________________
4．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)They represent the earth 63.____________(come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
5．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)They make great gifts and you see them many times 65.____________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
6．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)They are easy 68.____________(care) for and make great presents.
7．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67.____________(find) the well known painter.
8．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69.____________(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.
9．(2020·新高考山东卷语法填空)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine 42.themselves(they) living at a different time in history or 43.____________(walk) through a rainforest.
10．(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 60.____________(change) lives.
11．(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Later, they learned to work with the 62.seasons(season), planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 63.____________(make) use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields.
12．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)Technological innovations, ________ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A．combined with
B．combining with
C．having combined with
D．to be combined with
13．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)Building such a bridge over the bay was ________， but the local government made it within two years.
A．a wet blanket
B．a piece of cake
C．a dark horse
D．a hard nut to crack
14．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)—Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing
—________ He has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.
A．How come B．So what
C．By all means. D．With pleasure.
15．(2020·天津卷单项填空)________ us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes.
A．To help B．Helped
C．Helping D．Being helped
16．(2020·天津卷单项填空)—Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance.
—________. I will.
A．My pleasure B．No wonder
C．Good point D．Never mind
17．(2020·天津卷单项填空)—Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight
—________. I’ll drive her there.
A．Have a try
B．Don’t mention it
C．Don’t bother
D．Go ahead
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)In ancient China lived an artist 61.____________ paintings were almost lifelike.
2．(2020·浙江卷语法填空)Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on 57.____________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
3．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)Many lessons are now available online, from ________ students can choose for free.
A．whose B．which
C．when D．whom
4．(2020·江苏卷单项填空)It is not a problem ________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A．whether B．why
C．when D．where
5．(2020·天津卷单项填空)Dr. Rowan, ________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A．whose
B．of whom
C．of which
D．which
6．(2020·天津卷单项填空)The student completed this experiment to make come true ________ Professor Joseph had said.
A．that B．what
C．when D．where
一、
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ，A)
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 am to 5：00 pm and is located(位于) at Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days, i．e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel please visit .au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance, please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart Origin Destination Arrive
6：42 pm Altandi Varsity Lakes 7：37 pm
7：29 pm Central Varsity Lakes 8：52 pm
8：57 pm Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9：52 pm
11：02 pm Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12：22 am
1.What would you do to get ticket information
A．Call 13 16 17.
B．Visit .au.
C．Ask at the local station.
D．Check the train schedule.
2．At which station can you find the lost property office
A．Altandi. B．Roma Street.
C．Varsity Lakes. D．Fortitude Valley.
3．Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes
A．6：42 pm. B．7：29 pm.
C．8：57 pm. D．11：02 pm.
二、
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ，A)
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and award－winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar－29 Oct, Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom, Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30－17.00 (16.00 in Oct)．
House: 11.15－16.00 (15.00 in Oct)．
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30－17.00 Summer. 10.30－16.00 Winter.
Town: Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award－winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open：High Season 1 Apr－31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00－17.00, Sun 11.00－17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov－31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00－16.30, Sun 12.00－16.30.
Town：Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open：Daily, 09.30－17.30 (last admission 17.00)．
Town：Grasmere
1．When is the House at Dalemain Mansion& Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July
A．09.30－17.30. B．10.30－16.00.
C．11.15－16.00. D．12.00－16.30.
2．What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
A．Enjoy Romney’s works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family.
3．Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life
A．Penrith. B．Kendal.
C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.
三、
(2020·全国卷Ⅲ，A)
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence(13 days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence, France, with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some of the best preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile roofed(瓦屋顶) villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain(15 days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香) of oranges, but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Mérida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China’s Sacred Landscapes(21 days)
Discover the China of“past ages，” its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处) include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia(17 days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，unique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
1．What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain
A．Historical monuments. B．Fields of flowers.
C．Van Gogh’s paintings. D．Greek buildings.
2．Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about
A．France. B．Spain.
C．China. D．Tunisia.
3．Which of the following highlights the Tunisian tour
A．White towns. B．Underground cities.
C．Tile roofed villages. D．Rolling hills.
四、
(2020·新高考山东卷，A)
POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes: Trip to Washington, D．C.for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice.Trip includes round trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes: The book Sky Pioneer: A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer.Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper.You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1．How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Six.
2．What will each of the honorable mention winners get？
A．A plane ticket.
B．A book by Corinne Szabo.
C．A special T shirt.
D．A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3．Which of the following will result in disqualification
A．Typing your poem out.
B．Writing a poem of 120 words.
C．Using both sides of the paper.
D．Mailing your entry on October 30.
五、
(2020·江苏卷，A)
Some important dates in China’s fighting COVID 19 before May 7, 2020
Jan 20，2020～Feb 20，2020 Jan 23：Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.Jan 24：National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and Wuhan.Jan 27：The Central Steering(指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.Feb 18：The daily number of newly cured and discharged(出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21，2020～Mar 17，2020 Feb 21：Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their public health emergency response level.Feb 24：The WHO China Joint Mission on COVID 19 held a press conference in Beijing.Mar 11－17：The epidemic(流行病) peak had passed in China as a whole.
Mar 18，2020～Apr 28，2020 Apr 1：Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry.Apr 8：Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions.Apr 26：The last COVID 19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
Apr 29，2020～May 7，2020 Apr 30：The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region.May 7：The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting COVID 19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.
1.What happened between January 20 and February 20
A．The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.
B．The WHO China Joint Mission on COVID 19 held a press conference.
C．The last COVID 19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
D．Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
2．From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan
A．January 23. B．March 11.
C．April 8. D．May 7.
一、
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ，D)I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an_added_meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books.
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love it that the excitement of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
1．Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child
A．Cooperative. B．Uneasy.
C．Inseparable. D．Casual.
2．What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．Pleasure from working in the library.
B．Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C．Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D．A closer bond developed with the readers.
3．What does the author call on other writers to do
A．Sponsor book fairs.
B．Write for social media.
C．Support libraries.
D．Purchase her novels.
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text
A．Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B．My Idea about Writing
C．Library: A Haven for the Young
D．My Love of the Library
二、
(2020·新高考山东卷，B)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor’s degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids.After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.She chose the UW Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four year degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68 year old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.“Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers，” she says.However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.Jennifer is a first generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that’s pretty powerful.
1．What did Jennifer do after high school
A．She helped her dad with his work.
B．She ran the family farm on her own.
C．She supported herself through college.
D．She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
2．Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in Marshfield
A．To take care of her kids easily.
B．To learn from the best nurses.
C．To save money for her parents.
D．To find a well paid job there.
3．What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A．Her health.
B．Her time with family.
C．Her reputation.
D．Her chance of promotion.
4．What can we learn from Jennifer’s story
A．Time is money.
B．Love breaks down barriers.
C．Hard work pays off.
D．Education is the key to success.
三、
(2020·江苏卷，D)I was in the middle of the Amazon(亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical researcher. We flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.
We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village without running water or electricity. It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little misunderstood.
Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer. I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter of fact way, “In your home, do you have a moon too？” I was surprised.
After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe(敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juan’s world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan’s world, the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.
In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan’s village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that way.
Yet, as I thought about Juan’s question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part, an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown. How much, though How ignorant(无知的) are we The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me.
I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider..., and on and on they appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The second drawer began to fill and as it did, I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA.I started a third drawer for these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.
In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of scientists, usually brilliant, occasionally half mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion(穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.
We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms(生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name.
1．How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon
A．Out of place. B．Full of joy.
C．Sleepy. D．Regretful.
2．What made that Amazonian evening wonderful
A．He learned more about the local language.
B．They had a nice conversation with each other.
C．They understood each other while playing.
D．He won the soccer game with the goal keeper.
3．Why was the author surprised at Juan’s question about the moon
A．The question was too straightforward.
B．Juan knew so little about the world.
C．The author didn’t know how to answer.
D．The author didn’t think Juan was sincere.
4．What was the author’s initial purpose of collecting newspaper articles
A．To sort out what we have known.
B．To deepen his research into Amazonians.
C．To improve his reputation as a biologist.
D．To learn more about local cultures.
5．How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries
A．They shifted their viewpoints frequently.
B．They followed other scientists closely.
C．They often criticized their fellow scientists.
D．They conducted in depth and close studies.
6．What could be the most suitable title for the passage
A．The Possible and the Impossible
B．The Known and the Unknown
C．The Civilized and the Uncivilized
D．The Ignorant and the Intelligent
四、
(2020·天津卷，B)“They tell me that you’d like to make a statue(塑像) of me—is that correct, Miss Vinnie Ream？”
The deep, gentle voice helped calm the nervous girl. Asking a favor of the President of the United States was no casual matter, especially for a seventeen－year－old girl.
“Yes, sir，” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wouldn’t have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner. ”
President Lincoln smiled, “Painters, sculptors—they’ve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I’m afraid there’s not much hope. What did you have in mind, Miss Ream A bust(半身像)？”
Before Vinnie could say yes, the President hurried on, a shade of apology in his voice. “Of course—I shouldn’t have asked. A full－length pose would be much too big a project for a young woman your size. ”
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she looked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small does not mean weak, sir，” she defended herself. “I was born in the country of Wisconsin. I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full－length clay(黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do！”
The President’s eyes, brightened at her show of spirit. “Sorry, madam, I have underestimated you as I didn’t know your background. ”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bony fingers, in thought. “Miss Ream，” he sighed, “I’d like to let you do it, but as you know, we are in the middle of a war. How could I possibly take the time to pose for a sculpture now I hardly have a minute to myself. ”
Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. “I work quickly，” she said. Her voice was soft but confident as she pointed to the corner near the windows. “If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk. ”
The President seemed to consider her idea seriously. He got up and shook Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent as well. I cannot make my decision immediately, but you will hear from me soon.”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitation from the President.
1．What gave Vinnie confidence to make her request of President Lincoln
A．Her aggressive personality.
B．Mr. Mills’s encouraging remark.
C．President Lincoln’s gentle voice.
D．Her interest in a challenging job.
2．How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnie’s request
A．Pleased. B．Thrilled.
C．Regretful. D．Doubtful.
3．Vinnie confirmed her ability to make a full－length statue by highlighting ________．
A．her experience from other projects
B．her innocent childhood in the country
C．the heavy labor she had done before
D．the skill she picked up in Wisconsin
4．Vinnie wanted to choose the corner near the windows to ________．
A．achieve effects of natural lighting
B．keep all her tools within easy reach
C．observe the President at a right angle
D．avoid disturbing the President’s work
5．What message does the story convey
A．A strong－willed soul can reach his goal.
B．Experience helps to promote excellence.
C．Ups and downs make one strong.
D．Devotion requires enthusiasm.
说明文
一、
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ，C)Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50－kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1，000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
1．Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A．They must run long distances.
B．They are qualified for the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
2．What advantage does race walking have over running
A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B．It’s less challenging physically.
C．It’s more effective in body building.
D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
3．What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking
A．Getting experts’ opinions.
B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
4．Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking
A．Skeptical. B．Objective.
C．Tolerant. D．Conservative.
二、
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ，D)The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) have taken it a step further—changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.“We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day，” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow(发光) in experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three－and－a－half hours. The light, about one－thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self－powered street lamps.
In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one－off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(电源)—such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway—a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．A new study of different plants.
B．A big fall in crime rates.
C．Employees from various workplaces.
D．Benefits from green plants.
2．What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineers
A．To detect plants’ lack of water.
B．To change compositions of plants.
C．To make the life of plants longer.
D．To test chemicals in plants.
3．What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A．They will speed up energy production.
B．They may transmit electricity to the home.
C．They might help reduce energy consumption.
D．They could take the place of power plants.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Can we grow more glowing plants
B．How do we live with glowing plants
C．Could glowing plants replace lamps
D．How are glowing plants made pollution－free
三、
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ，B)Some parents will buy any high－tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math－related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child－parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转) and translate shapes，” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher－income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
1．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play
A．Building confidence.
B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self－control.
D．Gaining high－tech knowledge.
2．What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment
A．Parents’ age.
B．Children’s imagination.
C．Parents’ education.
D．Child－parent relationship.
3．How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play
A．They play with puzzles more often.
B．They tend to talk less during the game.
C．They prefer to use more spatial language.
D．They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
4．What is the text mainly about
A．A mathematical method.
B．A scientific study.
C．A woman psychologist.
D．A teaching program.
四、
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ，C)When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion(时装) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠)．
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt－free fur—unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year，”says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild.“The ecosystem down there can’t handle this non－native species(物种). It’s destroying the environment. It’s them or us，” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat－sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in more than 300，000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model Paige Morgan says，“To give people a guilt－free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them—I think that’s going to be a massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She’s trying to come up with a label to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco－friendly.
1．What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
A．To promote guilt－free fur.
B．To expand the fashion market.
C．To introduce a new brand.
D．To celebrate a winter holiday.
2．Why are scientists concerned about nutria
A．Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
B．Nutria are an endangered species.
C．Nutria hurt local cat－sized animals.
D．Nutria are illegally hunted.
3．What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Boomed.
B．Became mature.
C．Remained stable.
D．Crashed.
4．What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according to Morgan
A．It’s formal.
B．It’s risky.
C．It’s harmful.
D．It’s traditional.
五、
(2020·全国卷Ⅲ，D)We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land，” said Rodney C．Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population，” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
1．What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1
A．Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.
B．New knowledge of human evolution.
C．Recent findings of human origin.
D．Significance of food selection.
2．Where do the Bajau build their houses
A．In valleys. B．Near rivers.
C．On the beach. D．Off the coast.
3．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater.
D．They lived on both land and water.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea
B．Highlanders’ Survival Skills
C．Basic Methods of Genetic Research
D．The World’s Best Divers
六、
(2020·新高考山东卷，D)According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake.And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid.
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments.In the first, 95 undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to ostensibly(表面上) participate in a study about movie viewership.Before the film began, each woman was asked to help herself to a snack.An actor hired by the researchers grabbed her food first.In her natural state, the actor weighed 105 pounds.But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which increased her weight to 180 pounds.
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large amount of food.The participants followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.However, they took significantly more when the actor was thin.
For the second test, in one case the thin actor took two pieces of candy from the snack bowls.In the other case, she took 30 pieces.The results were similar to the first test: the participants followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin actor took 30 pieces.
The tests show that the social environment is extremely influential when we’re making decisions.If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I．Call it the “I’ll have what she’s having”effect.However, we’ll adjust the influence.If an overweight person is having a large portion, I’ll hold back a bit because I see the results of his eating habits.But if a thin person eats a lot, I’ll follow suit.If he can eat much and keep slim, why can’t I
1．What is the recent study mainly about
A．Food safety.
B．Movie viewership.
C．Consumer demand.
D．Eating behavior.
2．What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．Big eaters.
B．Overweight persons.
C．Picky eaters.
D．Tall thin persons.
3．Why did the researchers hire the actor
A．To see how she would affect the participants.
B．To test if the participants could recognize her.
C．To find out what she would do in the two tests.
D．To study why she could keep her weight down.
4．On what basis do we “adjust the influence” according to the last paragraph
A．How hungry we are.
B．How slim we want to be.
C．How we perceive others.
D．How we feel about the food.
议论文
(2020·天津卷，D)After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance—curiosity and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together.
Together, these deep human urges(驱策力) count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why Why Why？”
Fortunately, curiosity and discontent don’t have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them.
“The great man，” said Mencius(孟子), “is he who does not lose his child’s heart.” Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake.
How should you start Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldn’t arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. How she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement.
One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven’t any special ability Most people don’t; there are only a few geniuses. You haven’t any time That’s good, because it’s always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Tom’s Cabin while cooking. You’re too old Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for you’ll never be more alive than you are at this moment.
1．In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to ________．
A．propose a definition
B．make a comparison
C．reach a conclusion
D．present an argument
2．What does the example of Galileo tell us
A．Trial and error leads to the finding of truth.
B．Scientists tend to be curious and ambitious.
C．Creativity results from challenging authority.
D．Greatness comes from a lasting desire to explore.
3．What can you do to recapture curiosity and discontent
A．Observe the unknown around you.
B．Develop a questioning mind.
C．Lead a life of adventure.
D．Follow the fashion.
4．What can we learn from Paragraphs 6 and 7
A．Gaining success helps you become an expert.
B．The genius tends to get things done creatively.
C．Lack of talent and time is no reason for taking no action.
D．You should remain modest when approaching perfection.
5．What could be the best title for the passage
A．Curious Minds Never Feel Contented
B．Reflections on Human Nature
C．The Keys to Achievement
D．Never Too Late to Learn
一、
(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)
A Few Tips for Self－Acceptance
We all want it...to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 1.________ Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
●2.________ Do not follow the people who make you feel not－good－enough. Why do you follow them Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world.
●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 3.________ You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心) response？“That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.”
●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 4.________
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 5.________ Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are
A．Feeling upset again
B．Where do you start
C．Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D．Remember, you are only human.
E．Set an intention for self－acceptance.
F．Stop comparing yourself with others.
G．When does the comparison game start
二、
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 1.________. It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 2.________， encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 3.________. While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？4.________. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
5．________， and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A．Messages with emojis feel more conversational
B．Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D．The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E．Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F．Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G．An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
三、
(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 1.________ And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.
2．________ Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant.
3．________ This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 4.________
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift.5.________ Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
A．This isn’t usual though.
B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D．If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E．It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F．The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G．This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
四、
(2020·新高考山东卷)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 1.________ Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable.Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.” 2.________ Focus on the speaking.Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes.Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking.People’s attention wanders constantly.In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 3.________
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 4.________ And like everything else in life, that takes practice.Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
5．________ It’s rare to hear someone say，“I wish that speaker had spoken longer.”On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought，“I’m glad that talk is over.It seemed to go on forever！”So surprise your audience.Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A．Do the opposite.
B．You want to be an effective public speaker.
C．You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D．When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E．The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
F．Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
G．However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
五、
(2020·浙江卷)I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 1.________ His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood，I had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. 2.________ I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 3.________
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creations，she told me how creative my designs were. 4.________ I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
5．________ My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure today.
A．I wasn’t alone any longer.
B．I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C．I was invited to play with another kid.
D．I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E．Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F．Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G．My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
一、
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo，” whose real name cannot be __1__ to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws，__2__ working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” __3__ by the Italian police where things __4__ on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look __5__ above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder __6__ until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he __7__ the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had __8__ from Turin. His son, age 15, who had __9__ an art appreciation class, thought that there was something __10__ about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he __11__ it, he only found “Bonnard，” a French __12__ he had never heard of. He bought a book and was __13__ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same __14__ as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in our picture，” Nicolo’s son told his father. They __15__ learned that the painting they __16__ was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.”They __17__ the other painting and learned that it was __18__ Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.”The __19__ called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were __20__ and worth as much as $50 million.
1．A.attached B．allocated
C．exposed D．submitted
2．A.finished B．delayed
C．considered D．tried
3．A.attended B．reserved
C．cancelled D．run
4．A.shown B．found
C．kept D．hidden
5．A.nice B．familiar
C．useful D．real
6．A.battled B．debated
C．discussed D．bargained
7．A.held B．left
C．registered D．brought
8．A.chosen B．received
C．ordered D．moved
9．A.missed B．failed
C．taken D．led
10．A.concrete B．unusual
C．unappealing D．natural
11．A.appreciated B．touched
C．researched D．witnessed
12．A.painter B．designer
C．author D．actor
13．A.expected B．surprised
C．anxious D．ready
14．A.room B．kitchen
C．hall D．garden
15．A.apparently B．confidently
C．eventually D．temporarily
16．A.owned B．borrowed
C．sold D．stole
17．A.collected B．cleaned
C．framed D．studied
18．A.suitably B．actually
C．rightly D．specifically
19．A.girl B．artist
C．family D．police
20．A.copies B．originals
C．models D．presents
二、
(2020·新高考山东卷)Molai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near some wetlands which became his second __1__．He learned the value and beauty of __2__ there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __3__ happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the __4__ it caused had driven away a number of birds. __5__， the number of snakes had declined as well.He __6__ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the __7__．The solu专题一 词类(名词、动词、形容词、副词、
代词、连词和介词)、短语辨析
1．extremely 解析：考查形容词变副词。副词extremely修饰后面的形容词challenging。
2．interest 解析：考查名词。句中含有“be＋of＋名词”结构，be of particular interest＝be particularly interesting，故填名词interest。
than 解析：考查连词。本句中含有more，空格后为比较对象，因此本空应填than。
3．much 解析：考查固定用法。how much“多少”，修饰不可数名词。
its 解析：考查代词。此处表示“它的计划”，故用形容词性物主代词its。
4．simply改为simple 解析：形容词和副词混用。此处修饰名词dish，故用形容词simple。
5．chopstick改为chopsticks 解析：名词单复数误用。chopstick意为“筷子”，常以复数形式出现。
6．off改为on 解析：固定搭配误用。turn off表示“关掉”，此处意思为“打开厨灶”，故用turn on。
unless改为until或till 解析：连词误用。此处表示“我耐心地等到油热”。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“直到……为止”。
7．us改为me 解析：人称代词误用。根据上文提到的“I”“my mom”可知，此处表示“我妈妈尝试阻止我，但失败了”。
8．celebration 解析：考查名词。不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数，所以填celebration。
9．than 解析：考查固定搭配。more than为固定搭配，在这里表示“不仅仅”，所以填than。
10．Certainly 解析：考查副词。此处修饰整个句子，且位于句首，所以填Certainly。
11．with 解析：考查介词。be associated with...是固定搭配，表示“与……有关”。
12．beautiful 解析：考查形容词。空处和空后的long共同修饰名词branches，所以填beautiful。
13．surely改为sure 解析：形容词和副词混用。根据句中的“I’m”可知，此处应用形容词。
14．vacations改为vacation 解析：名词单复数误用。summer vacation“暑假”，是单数概念。
15．such改为so 解析：连词误用。so that“(引出结果)因此，所以”，在此处引导结果状语从句。
删除every day前的on 解析：介词多用。every day“每天”，副词短语作时间状语，前面不使用介词。
16．yours改为your/you 解析：代词误用。动名词前面通常使用形容词性物主代词或者代词的宾格作它的逻辑主语。
17．sooner改为soon 解析：副词比较级误用。根据句意可知，此处无比较含义，故应用副词的原级。
18．finest 解析：考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。
19．curiosity 解析：考查词性变化。介词with后应使用名词。
20．gently 解析：考查词性变化。修饰动词moved应使用副词。
21．on 解析：考查固定搭配。on earth世上。
22．wealthy 解析：考查形容词。根据设空处后面的名词people可知，这里应用形容词wealthy修饰。
23．themselves 解析：考查反身代词。根据语境可知，主语visitors发出的动作imagine作用于自身，此处应用反身代词形式，故答案为themselves。
24．accuracy 解析：考查名词。根据语境和设空处前的修饰词Historical可知，此处应用名词accuracy作主语。
25．for 解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞争”，compete for“为……竞争”，故应用介词for。
26．in 解析：考查介词。live in是固定词组，表示“在……地方生活”，故填in。
27．seasons 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据常识和语境可知，人们开始按照季节更替来种植庄稼，故填seasons。
28．D 解析：考查动词辨析。句意：如果我们要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。D项意为“分类”，符合语境。A项意为“澄清”；B项意为“证明……正确”；C项意为“满足”。
29．B 解析：考查形容词辨析。句意：新冠肺炎疫情的暴发，给我们的生活和工作带来了突然的变化。B项意为“突然的”，符合语境。A项意为“荒谬的”；C项意为“过敏的”；D项意为“真实的”。
30．C 解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：接受这个挑战将会让你和与你有共同兴趣的人接触。C项意为“与……接触”。A项意为“换取……”；B项意为“回应……”；D项意为“为了纪念……”。
31．D 解析：考查代词辨析。分析该句结构可知，空处作介词for的宾语；结合语境可知，空处表示“任何事情”，故D项正确。
32．B 解析：考查名词辨析。句意：许多国家的卫生安全系统正在经历重大变革。B项意为“转变，改革”，故B项正确。A项意为“预订”；C项意为“区别”；D项意为“提交”。
33．A 解析：考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“顾及，考虑到”，符合语境。B项意为“是……的原因”；C项意为“呼吁”；D项意为“补偿”。
34．C 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书是可选的，不是必读的。因此选C项。
35．C 解析：考查动词短语辨析。because引导原因状语从句，前面说“我从不为儿子担心”，这是因为“我母亲会照看他的”，由此可知，应该选C项，keep an eye on“留意，照看”。drink a toast to“为……干杯”；play a joke on“开……的玩笑”；make an apology to“向……道歉”。
36．D 解析：考查动词词义辨析。根据空处后面的部分可知，Sharon拒绝了我们的好意，因此选D项。
37．A 解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：为了我的五岁生日，我妈妈给我烤制了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。根据句意可知选A项，in the shape of“呈……形状”。beyond the reach of“……够不到”；at the mercy of“任由……摆布”；on the side of“在……的侧面”。
38．D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据第二句的内容可知，应该选D项。因为我们现有的打印机坏了，所以应该尽快买一个新的，不能再推迟(put off)了。take up“占据”；carry out“执行”；keep on“继续”。
专题二 动词的时态和语态及情态动词、虚拟语气
1．touched 解析：考查动词时态。句中有时间状语last week，故用一般过去时。
2．means 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文时态可知，本句也应用一般现在时，主语是it，故谓语动词用means。
is constructed 解析：考查被动语态。此处表示“月球是如何构成的”，应用被动语态，且此处描述的是客观情况，故填is constructed。construct vt.建造，构建。
3．删除第一个to 解析：不定式符号多用。情态动词后接动词原形。
4．start改为started 解析：时态误用。根据时间状语“when I was seven years old”可知，此处应用一般过去时。
5．be chosen 解析：考查被动语态。这位画家确信自己肯定会被选中。
6．pointed 解析：考查时态。空处与smiled构成并列谓语，故用一般过去时。
7．formed 解析：考查一般过去时。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，同时结合上下文可知，此处的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故答案为formed。
8．are called 解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为The parts of a museum，设空处为谓语动词，与主语之间为被动关系，结合语境可知这里为客观事实，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。
9．was needed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。结合句意“出生的孩子越多，需要的粮食就越多”可知，more food与need构成被动关系，且文章的基本时态为一般过去时，故填was needed。
10．had discovered 解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语By about 6000 BC可知，句子谓语动词用过去完成时，故填had discovered。
11．meant 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。结合句意可知，New methods与mean是主谓关系，同时文章的基本时态为一般过去时，故填meant。
12．C 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：如果你从各个方面看待这个情况，你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。根据句意可知，该句陈述的是客观情况，故用一般现在时；定语从句主语that指代a solution，为单数形式，故谓语动词用单数，故C项正确。
13．A 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新任务，而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。根据句意可知，“我期望”这一动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故A项正确。
14．B 解析：考查情态动词。根据as long as所引导的条件状语从句可知，此处应该选B，can表许可。本句意思是说，只要我们保持房子干净整洁，Jim就允许我们待在他的房子里。
15．A 解析：考查动词时态。结合You are a great swimmer这个细节，再根据空后的时间状语these days可知，此处需要用现在完成进行时，表动作的持续。即正因为“我这些天来一直在练习游泳，所以才游得这么好”。
16．D 解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。ever since是解题关键，与现在完成时连用。“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
专题三 非谓语动词和交际用语
1．to find 解析：考查非谓语动词。句中的动词不定式短语to find and study areas of the South Pole Aitken basin作状语，表目的。
2．frying改为fried 解析：非谓语动词误用。过去分词作定语，表示动作的完成或被动，此处表示被炒过的西红柿鸡蛋，故用过去分词作定语。现在分词作定语表示进行或主动。
3．preparing改为prepare 解析：非谓语动词误用。不定式符号后跟动词原形。
4．coming 解析：考查非谓语动词。the earth和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填coming。
5．decorated 解析：考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的Orange trees，和decorate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词 ed形式作宾语补足语，所以填decorated。
6．to care 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查“be ＋adj.＋to do”结构。注意此处用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
7．to find 解析：考查动词不定式。set out to do sth.(怀着目标)开始做某事。
8．surrounding 解析：考查非谓语动词。surrounding the mountain tops作后置定语修饰clouds。
9．walking 解析：考查v.－ing形式。分析句子结构可知，设空处与前面的living at a different time in history并列，都作动词imagine的宾语，故此处用walking。
10．to change 解析：考查非谓语动词中的不定式。根据语境可知，“农业给了人们首次用技术的力量去改变生活的体验”，故接不定式作定语。
11．making 解析：考查非谓语动词中的动词 ing形式。结合and和上文的planting可知，此处应该填making与其并列。
12．A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：技术创新与良好的营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。结合句意并分析句子结构可知，主语Technological innovations和动词combine之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故A项正确。
13．D 解析：考查习语辨析。句意：在海湾上建造这样一座桥是一件困难的事情，但当地政府在两年内完成了。根据常识和but可知，空处表示“困难的事情”，D项意为“困难的事情”，故D项正确。A项意为“扫兴的人”；B项意为“小事一桩”；C项意为“黑马”。
14．C 解析：考查交际用语。句意：——你知道张仲景吗？——当然知道。自东汉以来，他就被尊称为医圣。根据空后内容可知，空处表示“当然知道”，故C项正确。A项意为“怎么会”；B项意为“那又怎样”；D项意为“很愿意”。
15．A 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助我们为考试做准备，老师建议我们认真通读我们的笔记。根据句意可知，此处应该选A项，表目的。
16．C 解析：考查情景交际。句意：——下次你拜访Bob时，记得要先给他打个电话。——说得好，我会的。结合句意可知答案。
17．C 解析：考查情景交际。根据“I’ll drive her there”可知，应答者的意思是说“不用费事给Sarah叫出租车了”，应答者自己将开车送Sarah去机场。Don’t mention it“不客气”；Don’t bother“别费事了”；Go ahead“可以，干吧”。
专题四 从句(名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句)
1．whose 解析：考查定语从句。本句主句为倒装句，主语an artist为先行词，后接一个定语从句，空处与其后名词paintings之间构成所属关系，故用whose。
2．what 解析：考查名词性从句。根据语法结构可知，what引导宾语从句，作on的宾语，由于该宾语从句中缺少主语，同时空处表示“……的事物”，故填what。
3．B 解析：考查定语从句。句意：现在许多课程都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中选择免费课程。分析该句结构可知，介词from和空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Many lessons，故用which。
4．A 解析：考查主语从句。句意：我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，表示“是否”，故A项正确。
5．A 解析：考查定语从句。secretary与Dr.Rowan之间有所属关系，所以应该选A项，whose引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语。
6．B 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：学生们完成了这个实验，使Joseph教授所说的变成了现实。此处需要用what引导宾语从句。
专题五 阅读理解——应用文
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了乘坐火车的相关信息。
1．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30”可知，本题答案为C。
2．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7：30 am to 5：00 pm and is located(位于) at Roma Street station”可知，本题答案为B。
3．B 解析：细节理解题。根据文中表格的内容可知，从Central到Varsity Lakes的列车的出发时间为晚上7：29。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了几个湖区景点，包括其营业时间及地点等。
1．C 解析：细节理解题。根据Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens部分的信息“House: 11.15－16.00(15.00 in Oct)”可知答案。故选C。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum部分的信息“The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives”可知，游客可以在此处欣赏Romney的作品。故选A。
3．D 解析：细节理解题。根据Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum部分的信息“Town: Grasmere”可知，如果游客想了解Wordsworth的生活可以去Grasmere。故选D。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。游客可以和学者们一起去探索世界各地的历史文化景观，本文介绍了法国普罗旺斯、西班牙南部、中国的神圣景观和突尼斯。
1．A 解析：细节理解题。根据Classical Provence部分中的“We will visit some of the best preserved Roman monuments”和Southern Spain部分中的“we explore historical monuments and architecture”可知，游客在普罗旺斯和西班牙南部都可以看到历史纪念碑，故A项正确。
2．C 解析：细节理解题。根据China’s Sacred Landscapes部分中的“Discover the China of ‘past ages，’ its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof.Robert Thorp”可知，Thorp教授对中国最有研究，故C项正确。
3．B 解析：细节理解题。根据Tunisia部分中的“Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga...unique for underground cities”可知，突尼斯之行的最精彩的部分在地下城，故B项正确。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。本文是一则参赛须知，就比赛宗旨、奖项设置和参赛规则给出了相关信息。
1．A 解析：细节理解题。根据Prizes部分的3 Grand Prizes中的“for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the winner’s choice”可知，对特等奖获得者来说，他可以带自己的父母中的一个人且可自选另一个人参加这次免费的旅行，故选A。
2．C 解析：细节理解题。根据Prizes部分的50 Honorable Mentions中的内容可知，评委选出的50名荣誉奖获得者会获得一件T恤衫。
3．B 解析：细节理解题。根据Rules部分的第一条规则可知，参赛作品的字数不得超过100词，所以B项中提到的“一首120词的诗作”是违规的。
五、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2020年5月7日前中国在抗击新冠肺炎过程中的部分重要事件。
1．A 解析：细节理解题。根据Jan 20，2020～Feb 20，2020部分中的“Jan 27：The Central Steering(指导)Group arrived in Wuhan”可知，2020年1月27日，中央指导组到达武汉，故A项正确。
2．C 解析：细节理解题。根据Mar 18，2020～Apr 28，2020部分中的“Apr 8：Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions”可知，自4月8日起，武汉开始允许私家车出武汉，故C项正确。
专题六 阅读理解——记叙文
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者对图书馆的热爱。
1．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child...through the books”可推知，小时候，作者与书形影不离。故选C。
2．B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词组前的“As I grew older... the library took on a new place”及下文的“I had several children...to read to them”可知，随着作者年龄的增长，她成为母亲，图书馆在她心里有了新的“地位”，书成了她和孩子们娱乐的主要来源。对他们来说，去图书馆读书是件令人激动的事情。故an added meaning应是指“在作者家中传递的读书的乐趣”。故选B。
3．C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can”可知，作者呼吁其他作者支持图书馆。故选C。
4．D 解析：标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，“library”是本文的线索，作者描述了她从孩童到为人母，以及作为小说家对图书馆的热爱。故D项符合题意。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了Jennifer Mauer在各种不利因素下，不管身处哪一年龄阶段仍然坚持学习的事迹，她的经历告诉我们，一个人的努力付出是会有回报的。
1．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Jennifer attended a local technical college，working to pay her tuition(学费)．..a college education”可知，Jennifer在高中毕业之后上了一个工学院，上学期间的学费是自己打工挣来的，因为家里没有余钱供她上学。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Jennifer now is married and...because she was able to pursue her four－year degree close to home...help with her kids”可知，Jennifer在婚后要照顾三个孩子，但是又想在事业上深造，为了两者兼顾，所以选择了离家较近的“UW－Eau Claire”项目，以期在学习的同时照顾到孩子，所以选择A项。
3．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“giving up many nights with her kids and...between my kids and studying for exams or papers”可知，Jennifer为了达成目标牺牲了很多，主要体现在为了学习在很多个晚上没有办法照看和陪伴孩子，所以选择B项。
4．C 解析：推理判断题。文章介绍了Jennifer在家境困难的情况下依靠自己完成了学业，在婚后既要照顾家庭还想深造的情况下努力付出，最终实现了目标，她的经历表明一个人的努力付出是会有回报的，所以选择C项。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者与身为医疗研究员的妻子一同深入亚马逊中心地带，他们如同进入了另一个世界，然而通过与当地的村民一起踢足球，作者和他们相互了解，同时和守门员Juan的沟通，触发了作者的思考——世界上仍有很多未知的东西等待我们去发现。
1．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知作者到达亚马逊后感到非常陌生，故选A。out of place意为“不相称的，不适当的”。
2．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中对踢足球的描写和作者的感悟“We understood one another perfectly”可知，运动促进了他们对彼此的了解，故答案为C。
3．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，作者惊讶的原因是在Juan的世界，未知和未发现的事物太多了，故答案为B。
4．A 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“The question of what we know and do not know constantly bothered me”可知，作者搜集报纸上的文章的初衷是弄清楚我们的已知和未知，故本题答案为A。
5．D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of exhaustion(穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers”可知，作者认为杰出的科学家们有巨大发现是因为他们进行了深入的近距离的研究，因此本题答案为D。
6．B 解析：标题归纳题。根据作者在亚马逊的经历和他的感悟可知，全文围绕已知和未知的主题展开。故最佳标题为B。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述Vinnie给林肯总统制作全身塑像的故事。起初总统对她的请求表示怀疑，但她的能力最终得到了总统的首肯。
1．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I wouldn’t have dared to ask you, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan to make it in an admirable manner”可知，Mills先生鼓励的话给了Vinnie向林肯总统提出她的请求的信心，故B项正确。
2．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Painters，sculptors—they’ve all tried to make the best of this ordinary face, but I’m afraid there’s not much hope”可推断，林肯总统起初对Vinnie的请求是怀疑的，故D项正确。
3．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第六段中的“I’ve driven teams of horses and carried water. Making a full－length clay(黏土) figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do！”可推断，Vinnie通过强调她以前做过的繁重的劳动来证实她制作全身塑像的能力，故C项正确。
4．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第九段中的“If I were to bring my clay here and work for three hours every afternoon, I could complete most of the project while you are at your desk”可推知，Vinnie选择靠近窗户的角落以避免打扰总统工作，故D项正确。
5．A 解析：推理判断题。纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述Vinnie给林肯总统制作全身塑像的故事。起初总统对她的请求表示怀疑，但她的能力最终得到了总统的首肯。由此可推断，意志坚强的人能实现目标。故A项正确。
专题七 阅读理解——说明文、议论文
说明文
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了竞走这项运动的相关情况及其与跑步的不同之处。
1．C 解析：细节理解题。由题干中的关键词conditioned athletes可将解题信息定位至第二段，根据该段中的“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact(接触) with the ground at all times”可知，竞走运动的规则要求竞走者的膝关节在腿摆动时的大部分时间里伸直，同时一只脚保持与地面接触。据此可知，竞走者必须遵循一些特殊的运动规则，故C项正确。
2．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，如跑步者的膝盖(受伤)，在竞走者中并不常见。据此可知，竞走不太可能导致膝盖受伤，故D项正确。
3．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique”可知，Norberg博士建议任何希望尝试竞走的人或许应该首先咨询下教练或有经验的竞走者，以学习正确的技巧，故A项正确。
4．B 解析：观点态度题。根据全文内容可知，作者提到了竞走这项运动的好处，同时也指出它的一些危害，态度是客观的，故B项正确。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了与植物有关的研究，重点介绍了发光植物的相关内容。
1．D 解析：段落大意题。根据第一段第二句“Recent studies have found positive effects”及本段中的“greener areas of the city experienced less crime”和“employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants”可知，D选项“Benefits from green plants”能概括本段内容。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water”可知，A选项正确。根据该句后半部分“a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater”可知，干扰项D选项错误。
3．C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是最后一句“Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy”可推知，在未来发光的植物可能有助于减少能源消耗。
4．C 解析：标题归纳题。文章第一段点明植物的积极作用；第二段是有关植物的其他方面的功能的研究；第三段说明最新的研究表明植物可以发光；第四段是有关将来要开发的一种用在植物叶子上的技术及研究植物发光是否可以“打开”和“关上”；第五段表述能量在传输中损失很多，或许发光植物可以解决这一问题。故C选项(发光的植物能代替灯吗？)最能凸显本文主题。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了接触智力游戏有助于孩子发展与数学相关的技能，特别是孩子的空间技能。
1．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Psychologist Susan Levine...found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills”以及第三段内容可知，孩子们通过玩智力游戏可以培养空间技能。故选B。
2．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said”可知，Levine在设计实验时，考虑到了父母的收入、教育以及谈话量。故选C。
3．D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls”可知，男孩们较女孩们而言，倾向于玩更复杂的智力游戏。故选D。
4．B 解析：主旨大意题。阅读全文内容尤其是最后一段“The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science”可知，该篇文章主要介绍的是一项科学研究。故选B。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了海狸鼠破坏了生态系统，穿海狸鼠皮毛制成的衣服并不会对环境造成威胁，而且人们也不会有负罪感。
1．A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur”“It sounds crazy to talk about guilt free fur...every year”可知，时装秀的意图是推销无罪恶感的毛皮衣服。故选A。
2．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”以及第四段中的“The ecosystem...It’s destroying the environment”可知，因为海狸鼠破坏湿地进而破坏了环境，所以科学家对它们很担心。故选A。
3．D 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades”可知，几十年来，毛皮贸易使海狸鼠(的数量)处于控制之下。根据画线词后的“the cat sized animals multiplied like crazy”可知，这种猫大小的动物疯狂地繁殖。由此可推知，20世纪80年代末海狸鼠市场瘫痪了。collapse的意思应是“崩溃”，故选D。
4．B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“To give people a guilt free option...a massive thing, at least here in New York”可知，在纽约，穿毛皮衣服具有风险性。故选B。
五、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现居住在东南亚的巴瑶族人为了更好地生存，进化成了更好的潜水者。
1．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years”可以推断，作者举例主要是为了告诉读者人类进化的新知识，故选B。
2．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters”可知，巴瑶族人主要居住在沿海地区，故D项正确。
3．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders”可知，年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长的时间，故选C。
4．A 解析：标题归纳题。本文是一篇研究报道，根据第二段的研究结果“a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food, but to the ocean”可知，本文主要讲述了巴瑶族人为了更好地适应海上的生活，身体结构发生了变化，所以A项适合作本文的标题。
六、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，与你一同进食的同伴会影响你的饮食习惯，想要减肥的人应当避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。
1．D 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段为全文的主题段，即《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究表明，我们的饮食同伴的体型和饮食习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起进食。结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了饮食行为，故D项正确。
2．D 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid”可知，研究表明，与现存的研究发现(应该避免和食量大的胖人一起吃饭)相反，你真正需要避开的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根据“contrary to”可知，画线词与heavier people含义相反，故D项正确。
3．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“To test the effect of social influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments”可知，为了验证社交对饮食习惯的影响，研究人员进行了两个实验；再结合下文介绍的两个实验可知，聘用演员参加实验旨在查看演员对参加实验的人的饮食习惯的影响，故A项正确。
4．C 解析：推理判断题。根据尾段中的“If this fellow participant is going to eat more, so will I．..because I see the results of his eating habits”可知，如果这个同伴打算吃得更多，我也会吃得更多；但是，我们将调整影响。如果一个超重的人吃了很多，我会稍微保留一点，因为我看到了他饮食习惯的结果。据此可以推知，我们对自己饮食的调整是以分析他人的饮食习惯和结果(即如何看待他人)为基础的，故C项正确。
议论文
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。经过多年对人性的观察，作者认为有两个品质造成了有成就的人和平庸的人之间的差异——好奇心和不满足。作者通过讲事实、摆道理等来论证自己的观点，并介绍了如何重获好奇心和不满足。
1．D 解析：写作意图题。作者在第一段抛出观点“人的好奇心和不满足造成了有成就的人和平庸的人之间的差异”，下文围绕该观点展开，作者通过讲事实、摆道理等来论证自己的观点，所以作者写第一段是为了提出论点。
2．D 解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的Galileo可定位到第二段。根据该段内容可知，好奇心和不满足这些驱策力比有抱负重要得多，像伽利略一样，历史上所有的杰出的名人都有好奇心，并不满足地追寻原因，由此可知，作者举伽利略的例子是为了告诉我们伟大来自持久的探索欲望。故选择D项。
3．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，我们不再问问题，不再挑战习俗，只是随大流。从相反的角度讲，我们要重新获得好奇心和不满足就应该培养问问题的头脑。所以选择B项。
4．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第七段中的“You haven’t any special ability？...who get things done”可知，作者针对缺乏特殊才能、无时间的理由一一反驳，由此可知，缺少天赋和时间不是不采取行动的理由。故选择C项。
5．C 解析：标题归纳题。作者在第一段抛出观点“人的好奇心和不满足造成了有成就的人和平庸的人之间的差异”，下文围绕该观点展开，作者通过讲事实、摆道理等来论证自己的观点，并介绍了如何重获好奇心和不满足。所以C项“成就的秘诀”最适合作文章标题。
专题八 七选五
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些自我接受的小技巧。
1．B 解析：由空前内容可知我们都想接受并爱自己。但有时它似乎太困难，太遥不可及。由空后一句“Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction”可知，空处指你应从哪儿开始，B项符合语境。
2．F 解析：本空是段落主题句。由空后的两个问句可知本段主要讲不要和他人对比，故F项(停止与他人作比较)符合语境。
3．D 解析：根据段落主题句可知，本段主要讲要原谅自己所犯的错误。根据空后一句可知你会一次又一次地犯错，即是人都会犯错，D项符合语境。
4．C 解析：本段主要讲要认识到自己的优点并列举出你的成就，由空前一句“You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today”可知，再小的事也应庆祝，C项符合语境。
5．A 解析：根据空前的“list your imperfections”“read these words back to yourself”再结合空后内容可知，阅读描写自己缺点的词会使自己感到沮丧，A项符合语境。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在工作交流中运用表情符号的好处。
1．D 解析：空前一句提到“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly”，D项“The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally”内容上承接上文，且进一步说明了信息收发平台在全球范围内日益风行，D项符合语境，故选D。
2．A 解析：上文讲“Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear”，谈到了在书面交流中使用表情符号的好处，故结合选项可知，A项符合语境。
3．G 解析：根据空前的“employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge”可知，在不同年龄的办公人员之间找到沟通方式上的共同点可能是个挑战，G项则是针对该挑战的解决办法。G项中的“bring all work generations together”即挑战，呼应上文。故选G项。
4．B 解析：本段叙述了使用表情符号在缓和语气上的作用，根据空前的“Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？”可知，此处涉及邮件交流中的语气，故选B。
5．F 解析：根据空后的“and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome”可知，空处应该体现“that positive outcome”，也就是F选项中的“a happier workplace”，F选项符合语境，故选F。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了乔迁聚会的定义、习俗以及来源。
1．E 解析：本空是过渡句。结合空前一句“The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home”和空后一句“And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents”可知，空处讲的应是乔迁聚会给人们带来的好处，因此E项符合语境。
2．B 解析：本空是段落主题句。结合本段中的“a good housewarming gift...or a plant”可知，本段主要讲的是带礼物参加乔迁聚会是一个传统，B项符合语境。
3．C 解析：本空是过渡句。根据空后一句“This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served”可知，空处讲你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享，故C项符合语境。
4．A 解析：本空是段尾句。根据空前一句可知，在乔迁聚会上让人们帮忙打开箱子不常见，所以A项符合语境。
5．G 解析：本空是过渡句。结合上文中的“bring firewood to a new home as a gift”和空后一句“Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm”可知，空处应与取暖相关，故G项符合语境。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了成为受人欢迎的演讲者的几个规则，即注意和听众互动，在有小错误时应继续往下讲，不断练习等。
1．G 解析：上文提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋；下文陈述了成为演说家的规则；据此可以判断，空处起承上启下的作用，说明普通人经过训练也可以成为演说家，故G项正确。
2．A 解析：根据上文可知，很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你会把注意力放在“听众”身上，而不是“演讲”上；下文提到要把注意力放在演讲上，直接和你的听众交谈，做你自己、建立联系。据此可以判断，空处与上句构成转折关系，故A项正确。
3．C 解析：根据上文中的“So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错误无需道歉，故C项正确。
4．B 解析：根据上文中的“Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker”可知，你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家。据此可知，空处与此对应，说明自己的目标是要成为高效的演说家，故选B项。
5．D 解析：根据全文结构可知，空处为该段的主题句；结合下文中的“It’s rare to hear someone say, ‘I wish that speaker had spoken longer.’”“Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated”可知，本段讲述的主要内容是使你的演讲短一些，故D项最能概括本段内容。
五、
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了我孤独的童年经历，但也正是这段时光让我学会了阅读，做各种东西，亲近了自然。
1．G 解析：结合上文中的“years of loneliness”和空后的“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister”可知，我的哥哥不愿意跟我玩耍，故选G项。
2．D 解析：上文提到了reading和read等，再结合下文提到的“fewer pictures”可推断，此处讲我喜欢看书中五颜六色的图片，故选D项。
3．A 解析：结合上文中的“Reading opened new worlds to me”和第一段第一句可知，阅读让我沉浸在全新的世界里，使我不再感到孤独。本段首句与此对应，故选A项。
4．F 解析：根据上文中的“My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making”和下文的“to make things with me”可知，在母亲的鼓励下，我开始对做各种东西有了兴趣，故选F项。
5．E 解析：结合下文的“to spend time outside”及本段内容可知，该段主要讲述了我的另一个习惯“待在户外”，故选E项。
专题九 完形填空——记叙文
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。工人“Nicolo”无意中在意大利警察所经营的拍卖会上得到了两幅画，最后经过鉴定两幅画都是大师的原作，价值不菲。
1．C 解析：根据下文的“because of Italy’s privacy laws”可知主人公的真名是隐私的、不可透露的。attach“系”； allocate“分配”； expose“揭露，暴露”； submit“提交”。
2．A 解析：根据下文的“after work auction(拍卖)”可知他是工作结束后去的拍卖会。
3．D 解析：根据语境，应该是意大利警察所经营的一个拍卖会。attend“出席，上(学)”； reserve“预订”； cancel“取消”； run“经营，管理”。
4．B 解析：根据“______ by the Italian police”可推断，拍卖的东西应是在火车上找到的。
5．A 解析：根据语境及常识可知，画挂在餐桌上方起美观的作用。
6．A 解析：根据下文的“Nicolo finally won the paintings”可知Nicolo和另外一个竞标者是在竞争。battle“竞争”； debate“辩论”； bargain“讨价还价”。
7．D 解析：根据“When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily”以及下文的“He hung them above the same table he had ______ from Turin”可推测，Nicolo把两幅画和那个餐桌都从Turin带到了Sicily。
8．D 解析：参见上题解析。
9．C 解析：他的儿子上过艺术鉴赏课。take“学习，修(课程)”。
10．B 解析：根据“His son, age 15, who had ______ an art appreciation class”可知他的儿子上过艺术鉴赏课，觉得这幅画不同寻常。
11．C 解析：根据上文的“It was signed(签名) ‘Bonnato’ or so he thought”可知Nicolo的儿子应该是去查了这个签名，但是查到的只有“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。appreciate“欣赏，感激”； touch“触摸，接触”； research“调查”； witness“见证，目击”。
12．A 解析：参见上题解析。
13．B 解析：根据“He bought a book and was ______ to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same ______ as his father’s painting”及“That’s the garden in our picture”可推测Nicolo的儿子买的一本书中Pierre Bonnard的图片中的椅子和花园跟Nicolo得到的画中的一模一样，这应该是让人惊讶的。
14．D 解析：参见上题解析。
15．C 解析：根据语境可知，Nicolo父子最终(eventually)知道了画的名字。apparently“明显的”； temporarily“暂时的”。
16．A 解析：根据语境可知，应该是他们拥有的画。
17．D 解析：根据语境可知，他们调查了第一幅画和它的作者之后，又去研究另外一幅画。frame“给(图画或照片)配框”。
18．B 解析：根据语境可知，他们研究了另外一幅画，得知这幅画实际上是Paul Gauguin的作品。
19．C 解析：根据下文信息可知，应该是父子俩打电话去意大利文化部求证画的真伪。只有family可以指代文中出现的父子俩。
20．B 解析：根据“the official confirmed”可知官方证实这两幅画是画家原作。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述Molai在16岁时发现由于洪水的破坏，他的家乡鸟和蛇的数量减少，于是他开始寻求解决方法。发现种树可以解决问题后，他坚持种树多年，为动植物建造了一个家园。
1．C 解析：文章首句提到Molai在一个小村庄长大，结合语境可知，此处表示一些湿地变成了他的第二个家(home)。
2．A 解析：根据上文提到的湿地和下文讲述的Molai为保护动物而种树可知，这里指的是在很小的年纪，他就知道了自然(nature)的重要性和美丽。
3．C 解析：根据下文表述的洪水发生了，鸟和蛇的数量都减少了可知，这里指的是他家周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。
4．D 解析：根据语境和空后的“it caused”可知，这里指的是洪水带来的破坏(damage)。
5．A 解析：空前提到鸟的数量减少了，空后提到蛇的数量也减少了，故此处用Besides(此外)。
6．B 解析：根据语境可知，这里指的是他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树。
7．B 解析：根据下句中的“during the daytime”并结合常识可知，这里指的是没有足够的树去保护这些动物免受热(heat)的伤害。
8．D 解析：根据空前的“plant trees”及语境可知，解决方法是种树，以便于这些动物在白天可以寻求到庇护(shelter)。
9．C 解析：根据上文提到的解决方法是种树以及下文中的“for help but was told that nothing would grow there”可知，他向林业部门求助。forest“林区，森林”符合语境。
10．B 解析：根据空前的“Molai went looking on his own”以及空后的“a nearby island where he began to plant trees”可知，此处表示他发现了(discovered)一个附近的岛屿。
11．C 解析：根据下文中的“The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below”及语境可知，这里指的是在旱季给小树浇水，故用Watering。
12．A 解析：根据空后的“for a lone boy”可知，对这个男孩来说，独自一个人在旱季给小树浇水是艰难的(tough)。
13．B 解析：根据下文中的“The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below”可知，他是在每棵幼树的顶部(top)搭建竹台。
14．D 解析：根据空前的“where he placed earthen pots with small holes”和空后的“rainwater”以及“The water”可知，这里指用陶罐收集(collect)雨水。
15．D 解析：根据空后的“to plant trees for the next 37 years”以及下文可知，他是在接下来的37年中继续(continued)种树。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在救助羔羊后发现拖拉机滑动，差点酿成大祸，而这场意外的“罪魁祸首”是他的狗Don。
1．B 解析：根据语境可知，一天早上，我发现了一头迷路的羔羊，故选B项。spot“发现，看见”。
2．D 解析：根据第三段开头“Lamb and mother”可知，羔羊与母亲分开了，故选D项。
3．C 解析：根据语境可知，我跳下了拖拉机，去照看羔羊，而我的狗Don留在了拖拉机的座位上。tend to是固定词组，表示“照管，照看”。
4．C 解析：根据上文的“The lamb had become separated from its ______”可知，羔羊与母亲团聚了，故选C项。
5．A 解析：根据上文的“to see it move suddenly”和下文的“I had put the handbrake on”可知，我看见拖拉机突然动了，而我之前是拉了手刹的，所以这让人非常意想不到，故选A项。
6．D 解析：根据上下文可知，我认为这很明显是Don造成的，因为当时只有它在拖拉机上，故选D项。
7．B 解析：此处的vehicle指代上文一直提到的我的拖拉机(tractor)。
8．A 解析：根据语境可知，我看到我的拖拉机朝着高速公路移去。
9．B 解析：参见上题解析。文中第二段的“a motorway”亦是提示。
10．B 解析：根据上文的“but”和下文的“It crashed...disappeared”可知，我竭尽全力去追赶我的拖拉机，但没追上，故选B项。
11．D 解析：根据语境可知，我看到的最后的东西就是坐在拖拉机上的Don的脸，故选D项。
12．C 解析：根据下文的“looked over”可知，我来到栅栏边查看我的拖拉机，故选C项。
13．A 解析：根据上下文可知，拖拉机正靠在高速公路中央隔离带的防撞护栏上，故选A项。
14．D 解析：根据下文的“fast flowing traffic”可知，这是一条繁忙的高速公路，故选D项。
15．B 解析：根据语境可知，我没有看到Don，但当我靠近拖拉机的时候，它一下子跳到了马路上。approach“靠近”。
16．C 解析：根据上文的“jumped out”和下文的“dashed back to me”可知，Don明显没有受伤，故选C项。
17．A 解析：根据下文和常识可知，警察到了，故选A项。
18．C 解析：根据上下文可知，这场意外并没有造成任何的人员伤亡，这是我的幸运，故选C项。
19．D 解析：这场意外的后果本可能会很糟糕，故选D项。
20．A 解析：根据下文可知，我给Don提供了特殊的晚餐，故选A项。
专题十 完形填空——夹叙夹议文
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。有时为了避开麻烦，我们难免会说谎。可谎言有时也会让人产生恐惧，引发人内心的不安。本文叙述了作者在自己的双胞胎孩子刚学步时，为避免孩子不断地通过滑动玻璃门给其带来麻烦，刻意编造谎言告诉孩子，那是窗户而不是门，而后又后悔对孩子说谎的故事。窗户和门都有重要的比喻意义，作者害怕对孩子说了这样的谎后，当孩子人生中的机会出现时，他们会产生怀疑从而犹豫不前。
1．C 解析：根据语境可知，作者说谎的原因(reason)很明显。
2．A 解析：结合下文“they’ll want to go outside ________. It will drive us crazy”可推知，如果作者他们承认(admit)这是门，孩子就会一直(constantly)想出去，这会使他们发疯的。
3．B 解析：参见上题解析。temporarily“暂时地，临时地”；casually“随意地，偶然地”。
4．D 解析：由下文中的“tell the truth”并结合语境可知，此处表示孩子们显然知道真相(truth)。
5．A 解析：根据语境可知，作者他们坚持说这仅仅是(merely) 一个窗户，这已经阻止了孩子们很多次试图(attempting)开门的请求。
6．D 解析：参见上题解析。
7．C 解析：根据空前一句中的“lying to the kids”和该句中的“discover”可知，有一天，他们会醒悟(wake up)过来，发现他们一直知道的关于窗户的一切都是谎言(lie)。win out“终获成功”；stand out“突出，显眼”。
8．B 解析：参见上题解析。fantasy“幻想，想象”。
9．A 解析：由下文中的“our children”的提示可知，此处表示“我在想无论结果如何父母(parents)是否都应该告知真相”。
10．D 解析：参见上题解析。restriction“限制规定，制约因素”。
11．B 解析：根据下文中的“Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear”和语境可知，此处应为“我非常恐惧(fear)”。
12．C 解析：根据下文表述的“窗户和门都有重要的比喻意义，作者害怕对孩子说了这样的谎后，当孩子人生中的机会出现时，他们会产生怀疑从而犹豫不前”可知，此处表示作者害怕自己所说的谎言正在对孩子造成精神上的(spiritual)伤害。biological“生物的，生物学的”。
13．B 解析：根据语境和常识可知，窗户和门都有重要的(important)比喻意义。
14．A 解析：根据常识可知，此处表示“倘若他们在以后的人生(life)中，来到一扇就像某种机会的比喻性的门前，他们会怎么样？”。
15．D 解析：根据下文中的“they just ______ it and wonder，‘What if it isn’t a door？’”可知，他们仅仅是盯着(stare at)这扇门在犹豫而不是(instead of)打开门，抓住机会。by comparison with“与……相比”。
16．B 解析：参见上题解析。
17．A 解析：根据上文作者把门比作机会可知，“如果这不是一扇门”也就是说“如果这不是一个真正的(real)机会”。
18．C 解析：根据下文表述的作者应该接受重复告诉孩子现在不能出去可知，底线(bottom line)是作者不应该向孩子说谎。
19．D 解析：参见上题解析。
20．C 解析：根据语境可知，如果不对孩子说这样的谎，那么当他们来到人生的其他门前时，不管它们是真实的，还是比喻性的，他们会毫不犹豫地打开门走过去。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自身营商的经历，通过例证向人们传递宽以待人并保持乐观心态的重要性。
1．B 解析：根据第一段首句中的“customers”和第二段首句中的“customer”可知答案。shopkeeper“店主”；salesperson“售货员”；receptionist“接待员”。
2．A 解析：根据“their handbag’s been stolen”及语境可知，顾客们冲进来，说他们的手提包被偷了。
3．D 解析：根据语境可知，他们发誓他们把它留在更衣室了。swear“发誓，保证”。
4．C 解析：上一句说顾客说他们的手提包被盗，此处表示“然后却发现它一直在车上”。assume“认为，承担，呈现”。
5．D 解析：根据空后的shop和语境可知，此处应填goods。catalogue“目录，一连串(糟糕)事”；belongings“财物”。
6．A 解析：顾客们只想要店里卖完的某一特定颜色的款式。different“不同的”；matching“相同的，相配的”；natural“自然的”。
7．B 解析：根据连词but可知，此处填入的词与前一分句中的upset相反，故选B。
8．D 解析：根据下文中的“She was...nothing was right”可知这个顾客很难缠。difficult“难以取悦的”符合语境。
9．B 解析：根据下文中的“nothing was right”可知，她对一切都不满意。be displeased with“对……不满意”。
10．C 解析：根据上文可知顾客对一切都不满意，但后来却成了常客，所以我对此很惊讶。
11．D 解析：根据下文可知，事后她因刚开始的行为而向我道歉。apologize“道歉”。
12．B 解析：由于和丈夫分开了，所以她独自一人住在公寓。by chance“碰巧，偶然”；on purpose“故意”；on duty“值班”。
13．C 解析：因为她发现要应对很多问题，便将情绪发泄给他人。take sth. out on sb.“拿某人出气”。
14．A 解析：这是我学到的宝贵经验(lesson)。
15．A 解析：我把这一经验传给在市场工作的人们。
16．C 解析：take sth.personally.“认为某人的言行针对自己而不快”。
17．D 解析：本句与前一句构成并列关系，是使顾客不好相处的一个原因，结合选项可知此处是说“可能她的孩子不舒服”。
18．B 解析：总是缓和语气，不要让自我妨碍你。out of sight“看不见”；behind the scene“秘密地，在幕后”；above the law“凌驾于法律之上”。
19．C 解析：如果这样，你就会难以应对，整件事就会发展为令人不愉快的情形，同时也会毁了每个人的一天。
20．A 解析：解析见上题。ruin“毁坏，毁掉”。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。化学课上老师给错实验器材引发爆炸，导致Wilson失明。但他并没有气馁和颓废，很快学会了盲文，并且到非洲有很多盲人的地区工作。
1．A 解析：根据语境可知，成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和对生活中所发生的事件的看法。depend on为固定搭配，意为“取决于；依靠”，故选A。
2．C 解析：根据空后的“in our lives”并结合常识可知，该处指“在生活中所发生的事件”。故选C。
3．A 解析：根据语境可知，他不知道他的人生将会彻底改变。故选A。
4．D 解析：根据下文内容可知，一场事故导致Wilson双目失明，所以这场事故彻底改变了他的人生。故选D。
5．B 解析：根据上文的“The class experiment”可知，此处表示“那天的课堂实验是为了展示……”。故选B。
6．C 解析：根据下文的“held something more volatile(易挥发的) than water”可知，不知怎么地，老师给Wilson的容器里误装了比水更容易挥发的东西。故选C。
7．A 解析：参见上题解析。
8．B 解析：根据空后的“leaving Wilson blinded in both eyes”可知，容器爆炸了，这导致Wilson双目失明。故选B。
9．B 解析：根据空后的“to find a way”可知，两个月后当Wilson出院回家后，他的父母试图找到一种方法来应对这场发生在他们生活中的灾难。attempt to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“试图做某事”，故选B。
10．D 解析：参见上题解析。
11．D 解析：根据上文的“But”和下文对Wilson学习盲文并开始积极生活的叙述可知，Wilson并不认为这是灾难。故选D。上文的“catastrophe”亦是提示。
12．A 解析：根据上文的“not only did well as a student but also”可知，在那里，他不仅是一名优秀的学生，而且成了一名出色的公共演说家。故选A。
13．C 解析：根据下文可知，后来，他在非洲工作，那里的许多人因为缺乏适当的治疗而失明。故选C。
14．D 解析：根据语境可知，对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一回事，而当某件事可以非常容易解决时，却允许它继续下去，则完全是另一回事。故选D。
15．B 解析：参见上题解析。
16．C 解析：根据语境可知，在非洲和亚洲，数千万人可以看到是因为Wilson所做的努力。故选C。
17．A 解析：根据空前的“preventing”和上文的叙述可知，Wilson努力地阻止那些可以被防止的事件发生。故选A。
18．C 解析：根据空后的“for his great contributions”可知，Wilson因其巨大的贡献获得了几个国际奖项。故选C。
19．D 解析：根据语境可知，他虽然失明了，但找到了“视力”，即可以通过演讲帮助失明的人实现人生价值。故选D。
20．B 解析：根据下文的“it’s what we make of what happens”可知，他证明了不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何看待发生的事情决定了我们的生活。故选B。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。Jones从老人被骗钱一事获得启发，说服公安部门允许他设置“聊天长椅”，这种做法一举两得，既减轻了参与者的孤独感，又减少了诈骗受害者。
1．B 解析：根据破折号后面的内容可知，Jones最近发现，孤独是一个严重的社会问题，孤独会导致抑郁症，甚至是犯罪活动。故选B。
2．C 解析：此题的解题关键是确认it的指代内容，根据上下文可知it指代孤独所造成的社会问题，再结合空后的“in a clever way”可知，应该选C项，表明这种情况是可以避免的。
3．A 解析：结合前一句内容可知，作者所提到的社会问题是可以避免的，结合空后的“Chat benches”可知此处作者在谈论解决问题的方法。
4．D 解析：根据下文的“and then she lent him about ￡ 31，000”可知，那位老人的钱被骗走了。
5．A 解析：根据上文的“The lady would get a call from a stranger every morning”可知，这位陌生人每天早晨都打电话给那位老人，最终让老人相信他是她的朋友，然后骗走了老人的钱。
6．B 解析：根据空后的“when she said that she didn’t actually ______ being cheated”及老人说的话可知，老人对被骗钱一事并不介意，这使Jones感到震惊。
7．A 解析：根据下文的“Otherwise, I would never speak to another person for weeks on end”可知，老人对自己被骗一事并不介意，因为如果不是这个陌生人，她可能几个星期都不会和其他人说话，这呼应了第一段中提到的孤独这一社会问题。
8．B 解析：根据上文老人说的话和第一段中提及的孤独是一个严重的社会问题可知，Jones得出的结论是他的社区有太多极其孤独的人。
9．D 解析：根据下文可知，此处指Jones决定要做一些事情，因此选D项。
10．C 解析：根据空后的“the police department to allow him...parks”可知，这里指Jones说服公安部门允许他在公园里设置聊天长椅。
11．D 解析：参见上题解析。
12．A 解析：此处指Jones悬挂在长椅上的指示牌上的内容，因此选A。
13．B 解析：空处与and前面的active一致，B项符合语境，这也与文中的“HAPPY TO CHAT”相吻合。
14．C 解析：根据空后的“There are now over 40 chat benches throughout England. More new chat benches have sprung up across the UK and beyond”可知，Jones的这个想法很快流行起来。
15．A 解析：根据下文的“Jones’ idea has been fully ______—the ‘HAPPY TO CHAT’ benches help ______ the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello”可知，Jones的想法使所有的参与者获得了良好的效果。
16．A 解析：根据语境可知，此处指Jones的想法得以彻底实现。
17．A 解析：根据空后的“the invisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello”可知，应该选A项，Jones设置的这种长椅打破阻碍人们打招呼的无形的社会障碍。put up“张贴”；keep off“使……不接近”；take out“拿出”。
18．B 解析：根据语境可知B项与句子主语effort相对应，“at being community minded”作attempt的定语，此处的意思是说，设置聊天长椅这种努力不仅仅是以社区意识为中心的尝试。
19．D 解析：根据下文的“It prevents people who are cut off from society falling victim to cheaters”可知，设置聊天长椅减少了犯罪，应该选D项。
20．C 解析：此处是说设置聊天长椅的意义，这种聊天长椅鼓励人们互动，增进人们之间的了解。
专题十一 语法填空
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。中国是第一个登上月球背面的国家。
1．touched 解析：考查动词时态。句中有时间状语last week，故用一般过去时。
2．extremely 解析：考查形容词变副词。副词extremely修饰后面的形容词challenging。
3．where 解析：考查定语从句。先行词是spot，后跟定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
4．interest 解析：考查名词。句中含有“be＋of＋名词”结构，be of particular interest＝be particularly interesting，故填名词interest。
5．than 解析：考查连词。本句中含有more，空格后为比较对象，因此本空应填than。
6．to find 解析：考查非谓语动词。句中的动词不定式短语to find and study areas of the South Pole Aitken basin作状语，表目的。
7．means 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。根据上下文时态可知，本句也应用一般现在时，主语是it，故谓语动词用means。
8．is constructed 解析：考查被动语态。此处表示“月球是如何构成的”，应用被动语态，且此处描述的是客观情况，故填is constructed。construct vt.建造，构建。
9．much 解析：考查固定用法。how much“多少”，修饰不可数名词。
10．its 解析：考查代词。此处表示“它的计划”，故用形容词性物主代词its。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国人在庆祝春节时用植物、水果和鲜花来做装饰以及它们所代表的美好寓意。
1．celebration 解析：考查名词。不定冠词a后面接可数名词单数，所以填celebration。
2．carries 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。在why引导的表语从句中，动名词短语decorating...flowers作主语，谓语动词用单数，并且此处讲的是客观事实，用一般现在时，所以填carries。
3．coming 解析：考查非谓语动词。the earth和come之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以填coming。
4．than 解析：考查固定搭配。more than为固定搭配，在这里表示“不仅仅”，所以填than。
5．decorated 解析：考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的Orange trees，和decorate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词 ed形式作宾语补足语，所以填decorated。
6．Certainly 解析：考查副词。此处修饰整个句子，且位于句首，所以填Certainly。
7．with 解析：考查介词。be associated with...是固定搭配，表示“与……有关”。
8．to care 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查“be ＋adj.＋to do”结构。注意此处用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。
9．beautiful 解析：考查形容词。空处和空后的long共同修饰名词branches，所以填beautiful。
10．the 解析：考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词the，表示“第几个”。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述一位中国古代画家找寻最伟大的艺术大师“自然母亲”的故事。
1．whose 解析：考查定语从句。本句主句为倒装句，主语an artist为先行词，后接一个定语从句，空处与其后名词paintings之间构成所属关系，故用whose。
2．finest 解析：考查形容词最高级。根据句意可知，皇帝命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。
3．be chosen 解析：考查被动语态。这位画家确信自己肯定会被选中。
4．curiosity 解析：考查词性变化。介词with后应使用名词。
5．When/As 解析：考查状语从句。When/As在句中表示“当……时”。
6．pointed 解析：考查时态。空处与smiled构成并列谓语，故用一般过去时。
7．to find 解析：考查动词不定式。set out to do sth.(怀着目标)开始做某事。
8．gently 解析：考查词性变化。修饰动词moved应使用副词。
9．surrounding 解析：考查非谓语动词。surrounding the mountain tops作后置定语修饰clouds。
10．on 解析：考查固定搭配。on earth世上。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了博物馆的相关知识以及现在社会博物馆的开办情况。
1．wealthy 解析：考查形容词。根据设空处后面的名词people可知，这里应用形容词wealthy修饰。
2．or 解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知，until it got too big和until they died并列，同时结合语境可知，此处表示选择关系，故用连词or。
3．formed 解析：考查一般过去时。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，同时结合上下文可知，此处的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故答案为formed。
4．which/that 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句且在定语从句中作主语，先行词为the British Museum，故此处用关系代词which/that。
5．are called 解析：考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，该句主语为The parts of a museum，设空处为谓语动词，与主语之间为被动关系，结合语境可知这里为客观事实，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态。
6．is 解析：考查一般现在时和主谓一致。根据时间状语Often可知该句应用一般现在时，设空处为谓语动词，主语为only a small part of a museum’s collection，是单数形式，故此处用is。
7．themselves 解析：考查反身代词。根据语境可知，主语visitors发出的动作imagine作用于自身，此处应用反身代词形式，故答案为themselves。
8．walking 解析：考查v.－ing形式。分析句子结构可知，设空处与前面的living at a different time in history并列，都作动词imagine的宾语，故此处用walking。
9．accuracy 解析：考查名词。根据语境和设空处前的修饰词Historical可知，此处应用名词accuracy作主语。
10．for 解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞争”，compete for“为……竞争”，故应用介词for。
五、
【解题导语】 文章主要介绍了人类农业技术的发展。
1．in 解析：考查介词。live in是固定词组，表示“在……地方生活”，故填in。
2．what 解析：考查名词性从句。根据语法结构可知，what引导宾语从句，作on的宾语，由于该宾语从句中缺少主语，同时空处表示“……的事物”，故填what。
3．than 解析：考查比较级。根据上文的more food可知，此处是more...than...结构，表示“比……多……”。
4．was needed 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。结合句意“出生的孩子越多，需要的粮食就越多”可知，more food与need构成被动关系，且文章的基本时态为一般过去时，故填was needed。
5．to change 解析：考查非谓语动词中的不定式。根据语境可知，“农业给了人们首次用技术的力量去改变生活的体验”，故接不定式作定语。
6．had discovered 解析：考查动词的时态。根据时间状语By about 6000 BC可知，句子谓语动词用过去完成时，故填had discovered。
7．seasons 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据常识和语境可知，人们开始按照季节更替来种植庄稼，故填seasons。
8．making 解析：考查非谓语动词中的动词 ing形式。结合and和上文的planting可知，此处应该填making与其并列。
9．the 解析：考查冠词。根据空后的rise of science可知，此处是名词的限定性修饰，语意表示“科学的兴起”，故填定冠词the，表示特指。
10．meant 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。结合句意可知，New methods与mean是主谓关系，同时文章的基本时态为一般过去时，故填meant。专题十二 短文改错
一、
Today I tried cooking a dish myself. I like eating tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook. My mom told me how to it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with . After that I poured oil into a pan and turned the stove. I waited patiently the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. “Not that way，” my mom tried to stop but failed. She was right. It didn’t turn out as I had wished.
二、
Thank you for your letter, really made me happy. I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I’m you’ll have a good time. Actually, I to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer . Then I can spare some time to learn it again, that we can practice together every day. Best of luck with learning kung fu in China. See you .
三、
My mom is really with the health of everyone in our . In order to make all of us are in good health, she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad has to have bowl of egg soup while I to eat an apple. My dad like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill. But insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food is provided by Mom with appreciation.
专题十三 书面表达
一、
One possible version：
The Person I Respect
There_are_many_respectable_people_around_me. The most beloved and respected person around me is my teacher, Ms Li.Though she has been teaching English for twenty years, she is still passionate about teaching. She is kind and considerate towards us just like our dear mother.We all respect her because she always tries new ways to make her classes lively and interesting. Hardworking and knowledgeable, she is one of the best teachers in our school. When we have a problem, we will turn to her for help. She always talks to us patiently and helps us to find a solution. In our eyes, she is not only our teacher, but also our best friend. Those are why she deserves our respect.
二、
One possible version：
In order to release the pressure resulting from our study, I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend.
Hardly had we arrived at the farm when we saw many oranges hanging from the branches. A farmer told us how to pick oranges. Then each of us carried a basket and a pair of scissors, quickly climbed up the ladder and started to pick oranges. Bathed in sunshine, we sang and laughed while picking oranges. After we paid for the oranges we picked, we prepared to go back to school.
What a wonderful time we had ! Not only did it give us relaxation, but also it got us closer to nature.
三、
One possible version：
Dear Miss Evans，
My classmates and I have adapted a story from our English textbook for a short play recently. Could you give us some advice on how to improve it Here are some relevant details about it.
First of all, the play is based on a love story between Niulang, an ordinary boy on earth and Zhinü， a weaving girl in Heaven. They fell in love at first sight and then got married. Unfortunately, Zhinü was taken back to Heaven by her grandmother, the Goddess of Heaven. They were separated by the Milky Way. What puzzles me most about the play is how we should use proper stage languages for different roles. Could I go to see you in your office this upcoming Tuesday afternoon
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
四、
A
One possible version：
A Cross－Country Running Race
In order to enrich our campus life, our school organized a 5km cross－country running race last Sunday. Ninety students from twenty classes participated in the race, among whom thirty were girls. Participants set out at 9 am from the gate of the school, through the Renmin Park, and finally arrived at the foot of Nanshan Mountain. After the race, we felt that not only did the event improve our physical and psychological quality, but it also helped us build a positive attitude towards life. We do hope that the school will carry out more similar activities in the future.
B
One possible version：
When Mrs. Meredith heard of John’s idea, she thought it was a good one, too. Very soon, the children learnt how to pop the corn and then were busy in doing this “big” thing. At the same time, their mother went out to buy the paper bags that they needed. When she came back, she brought with her Bernard. Bernard felt grateful to all of them for what they had done for him.
With everything ready, Bernard started out on his new business. Much sooner than could be expected, he returned with an empty basket and so much money that he had never seen before. He was so delighted that he could hardly speak, but his bright smiling face spoke for him. For many weeks, every Saturday, the three children would prepare popcorn for Bernard to sell. This little boy therefore could help support his family. All of this was because of John’s bright idea.
五、
A
One possible version：
Dear Peter,
Hearing the news that you’re ill and you have returned to Ireland, I feel very sorry. I’m wondering whether you have recovered from your sickness. Therefore, I am writing to you to show my concern for your health.
Through your tireless work, all of us have achieved much progress in English study, especially in spoken English. What’s more, with the approaching of Gaokao, we are making full preparations for it. I believe in the near future, we will live up to your expectations.
We do sincerely hope that your health will improve soon and we are also expecting your early return to China.
Yours,
Li Hua
B
One possible version：
Paragraph 1：
A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp. He exposed his sharp teeth, glaring at us as he ran forward. And again the bear stood on his back legs, wanting to snap at the fence like a monster. It seemed that his mouth was full of blood and his eyes were red with anger. Seeing such terrible sight, I could feel a coldness flooding from my back. Elli was stunned there, with the mouth widely open. I had to take action, so I picked my courage and tried to frighten him away with the pepper spray, but finally failed.
Paragraph 2：
At that very moment, the helicopter arrived. It landed near our camp and its loud noises scared the bear. He looked irritated and charged at us again. I cried out, “Watch out！” We instantly stepped away and ran as fast as we could to the helicopter. Thank goodness! We succeeded in climbing onto the helicopter, gasping with relief. Looking down at the bear, we found that he was eating the bread we just made. Several hours later, we arrived at home safe and sound, but we realized that we should do something to help the bears.
六、
One possible version：
CCTV 9 broadcast Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet, a documentary produced by BBC. This well made film provides foreign audiences with a fresh way of better knowing China’s past and present.
Documentaries about China, produced either in China or in other countries, are becoming increasingly popular among foreigners. For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselves with what is going on in China.
For another, China enjoys a long history and rich culture. It has always been an attraction for those who are keen on anything that is Chinese. These documentaries present a splendid picture of China in front of their audiences—its history, landscape, art, food, or even traditional Chinese medicine.
Because of these films, some foreigners have begun to think of coming to China. In this way, they can form a true picture of China themselves.
七、
One possible version：
Dear_Chris，
I’m_so_glad_to_hear_from_you. On the coming－of－age ceremony you mentioned in your letter, I’d like to share the details with you as follows.
To begin with, the coming－of－age ceremony was held for all senior 3 students in our school hall on June 8. After everyone concerned were seated, there was a ceremony of raising the national flag, which made us excited. What’s more, videos about the three years’ life, which witnessed the whole process of our growth, were played. All kinds of activities were involved, such as sports meetings, science competitions, speech contests. Thanks to all the classmates’ efforts and teachers’ help, we lived the life to the fullest, without regrets left. At the end of the ceremony，a video about our alumni’s fighting against COVID－19 was released for us to watch, which moved us deeply, and I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable person in the future. From now on, I am a young adult and I’m confident that the future is bright in front of me. And I’d like to embrace it bravely, no matter what the challenge is.
Thank you for your concern. Keep in touch!
Yours，
Li_Jin
