专题一 名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词、连词、介词和冠词 1
专题二 动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词 3
专题三 状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句 4
专题四 阅读理解—应用文 5
专题五 阅读理解—说明文 7
专题六 阅读理解—记叙文、议论文 14
专题七 七选五 18
专题八 完形填空 21
专题九 语法填空 25
专题十 短文改错 27
专题十一 书面表达 28
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1．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61.____________(educate)about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62.____________(develop) of the local areas.
2．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)Ecotourism has 63.____________(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
3．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64.____________ the late 1980s.
4．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)Due to 65.____________ growing popularity of environmentally related and adventure travel, various types 66.____________ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
5．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)Provide 68.____________(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
6．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)69.____________(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70.to__have(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
7．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.________________
8．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whenever necessary.________________
9．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework.________________
10．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship.________________
11．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.________________
12．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)I love doing housework...That's our view on housework.________________
13．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic！________________
14．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)It 61.was__built(build) originally to protect the city 62.____________ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
15．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)After 64.spending(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65.____________(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
16．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)My bike was old and shaky 67.____________ did the job.
17．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)It took us about 3 hours to go all 68.____________ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
18．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 69.____________(watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 70.____________(day) routines.
19．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)One of the questions is：Who will you go in times of trouble？________________
20．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other.________________
21．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)Some will turn out to their parents or teachers for help.________________
22．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)Only a little choose to deal with the problems on our own.________________
23．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)In my opinion, when/whenever in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust mostly.________________
24．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier 56.____________ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
25．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)It is calculated by dividing a 58.____________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 59.is__considered (consider) healthy.
26．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60.____________ 2.1 in women and men.
27．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 63.____________(sharp) .
28．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64.living (live) in the countryside, including 65.____________ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
29．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)In 1844 they bought it 57.____________ $1，200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 58.____________(marry)ceremony in 1842.
30．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)When the house was built, it was much 59.____________(small)than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, “The little home 60.was__painted(paint) white...”
31．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 61.____________(she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
32．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)Although Mary loved flowers, 62.____________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
33．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)64.____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
34．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we 57.____________ (human) are.
35．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)It will 58.____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
36．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the 59.____________(hot) the spring! Strange, isn't it
37．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)But that's how nature is—always leaving us 60.____________ (astonish).
38．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 62.____________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63.aching(ache) legs.
39．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”， and it will always stick in the visitor's memory. It sure does in 64.____________(I).
40．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is 65.____________ must to visit!
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1．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)In my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person.________________
2．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)It is possible 63.____________(walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
3．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)It 61.____________(build) originally to protect the city 62.in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
4．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)We 66.____________(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67.but did the job.
5．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)One of the questions are：Who will you go to in times of trouble Here are the results.________________
6．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)Their answers also show that they dislike talking to others. They kept very much to themselves.________________
7．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)You can't help wondering how hard it 61.____________(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
8．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)It is calculated by dividing a 58.person's (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 59.____________ (consider) healthy.
9．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60.by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain 61.____________ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
10．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 56.____________(prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.
11．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)Mary's niece wrote, “The little home 60.____________(paint)white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it...”
12．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 65.____________(sell) most of their furniture.
13．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)Actually, a true eco friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of 67.____________(visit) the place.
14．(2021·全国乙卷语法填空)69.Activities(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70.____________(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
15．(2021·全国甲卷语法填空)After 64.____________(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 65.better(good) than to ride on a piece of history!
16．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.________________
17．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure 62.and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63.____________(ache) legs.
18．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62.____________ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
19．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64.____________ (live) in the countryside, including 65.lower (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
20．(2021·浙江卷6月语法填空)Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 63.____________(plant) flowers in the front yard. INCLUDEPICTURE "专题三.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "专题三.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．(2021·全国乙卷短文改错)I also water the flowers in the yard and tidy up my own bedroom whatever necessary.________________
2．(2021·全国甲卷短文改错)In my opinion, where in trouble, we should seek help from those we trust most.________________
3．(2021·浙江卷1月语法填空)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 57.____________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
4．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles' song “The Long and Winding Road”. 56.____________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out of this world scenes.
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一、
(2021·全国乙卷，A)
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A．D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50，000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people.
These days, safety regulations—not to mention the modern sports fan's desire for a good view and a comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D．P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150，000. Opened: May 1, 1989.
Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107，601. Opened: October 1, 1927.
Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106，572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104，944. Opened: October 7, 1922.
Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102，512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
21．How many people could the Circus Maximus hold
A．104，944.
B．107，601.
C．About 150，000.
D．About 250，000.
22．Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest
A．Michigan Stadium.
B．Beaver Stadium.
C．Ohio Stadium.
D．Kyle Field.
23．What do the listed stadiums have in common
A．They host big games.
B．They have become tourist attractions.
C．They were built by Americans.
D．They are favored by architects.
二、
(2021·全国甲卷，A)
Take a view, the Landscape (风景) Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.
Mike Shepherd(2011)Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, England It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black and white image (图像).
Timothy Smith(2014)Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, England I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
21.Who would most probably enter for Take a view
A．Writers. B．Photographers.
C．Painters. D．Tourists.
22．What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common
A．They are winter images.
B．They are in black and white.
C．They show mountainous scenes.
D．They focus on snow covered forests.
23．Where can the text be found
A．In a history book. B．In a novel.
C．In an art magazine. D．In a biography.
三、
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，A)
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow__Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.
Hostel__Alessandro__Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests, like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth__Station__Hostel
If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi Fi in every room.
Hotel__and__Hostel__Des__Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10 minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi Fi.
21．What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A．Comfort. B．Security.
C．Price. D．Location.
22．Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life
A．Yellow Hostel.
B．Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C．Youth Station Hostel.
D．Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23．What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A．It gets noisy at night.
B．Its staff is too talkative.
C．It charges for Wi Fi.
D．It's inconveniently located.
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一、
(2021·全国乙卷，B)
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)
These days you'd be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor (因素)—only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn't the only factor; I'd say it's also to do with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).
How attached are you to your landline How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries
24．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones
A．Their target users.
B．Their wide popularity.
C．Their major functions.
D．Their complex design.
25．What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Admit. B．Argue.
C．Remember. D．Remark.
26．What can we say about Baby Boomers
A．They like smartphone games.
B．They enjoy guessing callers' identity.
C．They keep using landline phones.
D．They are attached to their family.
27．What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph
A．It remains a family necessity.
B．It will fall out of use some day.
C．It may increase daily expenses.
D．It is as important as the gas light.
二、
(2021·全国乙卷，C)
You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re examine their relationship to single use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse，” a pair of 10 foot tall plastic waves, frozen mid crash. Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic，” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
28．What are Von Wong's artworks intended for
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Introducing eco friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
29．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
30．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A．Calming. B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing. D．Challenging.
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
三、
(2021·全国乙卷，D)
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, “That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels (分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise—not too loud and not total silence—may actually improve one's creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face to face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
32．Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A．It helps him concentrate.
B．It blocks out background noise.
C．It has a pleasant atmosphere.
D．It encourages face to face interactions.
33．Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A．Total silence. B．50 decibels
C．70 decibels. D．85 decibels.
34．What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A．Personal privacy unprotected.
B．Limited working space.
C．Restrictions on group discussion.
D．Constant interruptions.
35．What can we infer about the author from the text
A．He's a news reporter.
B．He's an office manager.
C．He's a professional designer.
D．He's a published writer.
四、
(2021·全国甲卷，B)
Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
24．Which of the following best describes the breeding programme
A．Costly. B．Controversial.
C．Ambitious. D．Successful.
25．What does Paul Beer say about the new born rhino
A．She loves staying with her mother.
B．She dislikes outdoor activities.
C．She is in good condition.
D．She is sensitive to heat.
26．What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have
A．They had their first born in January.
B．They enjoyed exploring new places.
C．They lived with their grandmothers.
D．They were brought to the reserve young.
27．What can be inferred about Port Lympne Reserve
A．The rhino section will be open to the public.
B．It aims to control the number of the animals.
C．It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D．Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
五、
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，C)
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地).
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory (迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J．N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from Des Moines, Iowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
28．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America
A．Loss of wetlands.
B．Popularity of water sports.
C．Pollution of rivers.
D．Arrival of other wild animals.
29．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph
A．Acquire. B．Export.
C．Destroy. D．Distribute.
30．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934
A．The stamp price has gone down.
B．The migratory birds have flown away.
C．The hunters have stopped hunting.
D．The government has collected money.
31．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B．The National Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
六、
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，D)
Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional (情感的) intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills”. Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill based emotional intelligence.
We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims. Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction.
32．What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence
A．It can be measured by an IQ test.
B．It helps to exercise a person's mind.
C．It includes a set of emotional skills.
D．It refers to a person's positive qualities.
33．Why does the author mention “doctor” and “cheater” in paragraph 2
A．To explain a rule.
B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact.
D．To make a prediction.
34．What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
35．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence
A．Its appeal to the public.
B．Expectations for future studies.
C．Its practical application.
D．Scientists with new perspectives.
七、
(2021·浙江卷1月，B)
At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction：that everybody would walk 10 miles a day.
Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2，000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 percent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15 percent.
The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.
The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation：for health and well being, as well as lost opportunities (机会) for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar about their day.
Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”， quickly followed by “I'm hungry”. This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.
Many primary schools support walking school bus routes (路线), with days of regular, parent accompanied walks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and takes a little planning—running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones—but it's certainly worth trying.
24．Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph
A．To make comparisons.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To support her argument.
D．To provide examples.
25．What has caused the decrease in Australian children's physical activity
A．Plain laziness.
B．Health problems.
C．Lack of time.
D．Security concerns.
26．Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile
A．She can get relaxed after work.
B．She can keep physically fit.
C．She can help with her son's study.
D．She can know her son better.
八、
(2021·浙江卷1月，C)
Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary” of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5，000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.
“That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures，” she said. “They're the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”
Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal's call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.
Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signalling：“Climb on me.” The youngster immediately jumps on to its mother's back and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there that is meaningful in its communication, so that's not unique to humans，” said Dr Hobaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”．
“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions，” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.”
27．What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter
A．Memorizing specific words.
B．Understanding complex information.
C．Using voices to communicate.
D．Communicating messages on purpose.
28．What did Dr Shultz think of the study
A．It was well designed but poorly conducted.
B．It was a good try but the findings were limited.
C．It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D．It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.
29．What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean
A．Difference. B．Conflict.
C．Balance. D．Connection.
30．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough
B.Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills
C.Chimpanzees：the smartest species in the animal kingdom
D.Chimpanzee language：communication gestures translated
九、
(2021·浙江卷6月，C)
If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new study.
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images(图像)of the same person making either a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person's face. The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face or images totally different from the ones used in training. The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage. “We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth，” said study author Corsin Müller. “Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes.”
“With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial expressions，” Müller told Live Science.
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans. “To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions，” and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them, Müller said.
28．The new study focused on whether dogs can ________．
A．distinguish shapes
B．make sense of human faces
C．feel happy or angry
D．communicate with each other
29．What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2
A．Researchers tested the dogs in random order.
B．Diverse methods were adopted during training.
C．Pictures used in the two stages were different.
D．The dogs were photographed before the test.
30．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．A suggestion for future studies.
B．A possible reason for the study findings.
C．A major limitation of the study.
D．An explanation of the research method.
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记叙文
一、
(2021·全国甲卷，C)
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe!__Safe!__Safe！” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving (穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail thin teenager, in a baggy white T shirt, skidded (滑) up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago，” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah，” I said. “Safe.”
28．What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A．He felt disappointed.
B．He gave up his hobby.
C．He liked the weather there.
D．He had disagreements with his family.
29．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe！” probably mean
A．Be careful! B．Well done!
C．No way! D．Don't worry!
30．Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A．To join the skateboarding.
B．To make new friends.
C．To learn more tricks.
D．To relive his childhood days.
31．What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A．Children should learn a second language.
B．Sport is necessary for children's health.
C．Children need a sense of belonging.
D．Seeing the world is a must for children.
二、
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，B)
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova—not as a musician but as her page turner. “I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group's official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job.You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand，” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up and coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner，” she laughed. “He's absorbed in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say：‘Turn, turn！’ Robert is the best page turner I've had in my entire life.”
24．What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner
A．Read music. B．Play the piano.
C．Sing songs. D．Fix the instruments.
25．Which of the following best describes Titterton's job on stage
A．Boring. B．Well paid.
C．Demanding. D．Dangerous.
26．What does Titterton need to practise
A．Counting the pages.
B．Recognizing the “nodding”．
C．Catching falling objects.
D．Performing in his own style.
27．Why is Ms Raspopova's husband “the worst page turner”？
A．He has very poor eyesight.
B．He ignores the audience.
C．He has no interest in music.
D．He forgets to do his job.
三、
(2021·浙江卷1月，A)
More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural (农村) India. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4 year old decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him—so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage (孤儿院). There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book，A Long Way Home, Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, finding a small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town's central business district from a bird's eye view. He thought, “On the right hand side you should see the three platform train station” —and there it was. “And on the left hand side you should see a big fountain” —and there it was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance. “There's something about me，” he thought—and it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, “My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was like a nuclear fusion (核聚变). I just didn't know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.”
21．Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago
A．He got on a train by mistake.
B．He got lost while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a foreigner.
D．He was adopted by an Australian family.
22．How did Brierley find his hometown
A．By analyzing old pictures.
B．By travelling all around India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his story via his book.
23．What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview
A．His love for his mother.
B．His reunion with his mother.
C．His long way back home.
D．His memory of his hometown.
四、
(2021·浙江卷6月，A)
Leslie Nielsen's childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life—his uncle, who was a well known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career (职业) in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no talent, he moved forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few years later in 1948. However, becoming a full time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn't quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn't until 1980—32 years into his career—that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always felt he should do, but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role or challenge might be just around the corner. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a remarkable life.
21．Why did Nielsen want to be an actor
A．He enjoyed watching movies.
B．He was eager to earn money.
C．He wanted to be like his uncle.
D．He felt he was good at acting.
22．What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career
A．He directed some high quality movies.
B．He avoided taking on new challenges.
C．He focused on playing dramatic roles.
D．He became a successful comedy actor.
23．What does Nielsen's career story tell us
A．Art is long, life is short.
B．He who laughs last laughs longest.
C．It's never too late to learn.
D．Where there's a will there's a way.
五、
(2021·浙江卷6月，B)
We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home where neighbourhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this trend. A couple of years ago, film maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three year old son's ear without getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself “marketing director for Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference，” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now：“We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.”
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get them out and let them play.
24．What is the problem with the author's children
A．They often annoy the neighbours.
B．They are tired of doing their homework.
C．They have no friends to play with.
D．They stay in front of screens for too long.
25．How did David Bond advocate his idea
A．By making a documentary film.
B．By organizing outdoor activities.
C．By advertising in London media.
D．By creating a network of friends.
26．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2
A．records B．predicts
C．delays D．confirms
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Let Children Have Fun
B．Young Children Need More Free Time
C．Market Nature to Children
D．David Bond：A Role Model for Children
议论文
(2021·全国甲卷，D)
Who is a genius This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us And who are they
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender (性别) are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors (因素) like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance (毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
32．What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club
A．They're unfair.
B．They're conservative.
C．They're objective.
D．They're strict.
33．What can we infer about girls from the study in Science
A．They think themselves smart.
B．They look up to great thinkers.
C．They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D．They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs.
34．Why are more geniuses known to the public
A．Improved global communication.
B．Less discrimination against women.
C．Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D．Changes in people's social positions.
35．What is the best title for the text
A．Geniuses Think Alike
B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence
D．Genius and Luck
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一、
(2021·全国乙卷)
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.
36．________， if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living？”， you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you're talking to. 37.________， it can bring in “I have this old, broken down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
38．________？ If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.39.________．
And what about that other dinner party killer: awkward silence If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 40.________. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A．How do you know the host
B．The first step is to go exploring
C．If you ask the question “How did you get here？”
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E．Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F．What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G．He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
二、
(2021·全国甲卷)
Swap, Don't shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources (资源) to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly good but you're maybe a little sick of them clothes piled on your bedroom floor 36.________. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
Invite 5－10 people so you have a nice selection. 37.________， and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
38.________. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 39.________. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go，” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 40.________. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A．Less people than that
B．Hold a clothing swap
C．If two people are competing
D．Just keep music playing throughout
E．Donate whatever clothes are left over
F．Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
三、
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36.________ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管) worked. 37.________ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes，” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38.________ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39．________ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency(效率). You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 40.________ When do these people work The French take their 35 hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A．Not all the customers are tourists.
B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
四、
(2021·浙江卷1月)
You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 31.________
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. 32.________ Any small interruption—a price check, a chatty customer—can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability：33.________ So it's not just in your mind：Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line—called a serpentine line—and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 34.________ This is what they do at most banks and fast food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
35．________ It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines
C．Some of them may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E．How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line
F．With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G．But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
五、
(2021·浙江卷6月)
You've got mail...and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34 year old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. 31.________
“I often send postcards to family and friends，” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it. 32.________ ” Seeking other like minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place：online. Many would say the Internet
is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch(直觉) paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website , a social network that has grown to 575，217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. 33.________ Running the website has almost turned into a full time job.
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. 34.________ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken.
“Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 35.________ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing，” Paulo says.
A．And that's totally fine.
B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family friendly hobby.
D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E．On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F．Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away.
G．In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand written note from someone far away.
INCLUDEPICTURE "专题八.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "专题八.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
一、
(2021·全国乙卷)
Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a __41__ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different __42__ of gratitude (感谢).
My thoughts were soon__43__. We had a woman patient who was __44__ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while __45__ to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was __46__ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, __47__ the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though __48__， and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.
She was __49__ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her __50__ at her recovery. As she was __51__ she was eager to say __52__ to each of us in the nursing team. When she __53__ one nurse, she tried to press a five pound note into her hand. My colleague __54__ to accept it, saying that we were all just __55__ our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then __56__ : “Oh this isn't for the __57__ I had. I take that as a __58__. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
And there you have it. To many people, __59__ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an __60__ and should be rewarded.
41．A.cleaner B．chemist
C．nurse D．doctor
42．A.grades B．meanings
C．needs DINCLUDEPICTURE "参考答案与解析.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "参考答案与解析.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
专题一 名词、动词、形容词、副词、
代词、连词、介词和冠词
1．educated 解析：考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，become是系动词，此处应用形容词作表语，故填educated。
development 解析：考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处应使用名词作句子的宾语。
2．its 解析：考查代词。origin为名词，其前应用形容词性物主代词。
3．until/till 解析：考查介词。not... until/till意为“直到……为止……才”。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。
4．the 解析：考查冠词。分析句意可知，此处特指生态旅游日益流行。故填定冠词the。
of 解析：考查介词。various types of是固定短语，意为“各种类型的”。
5．financial 解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作定语，修饰名词aid，故使用其形容词形式。
6．Activities 解析：考查名词的数。此处缺少主语，且由谓语动词range可知，主语是复数形式。activity的复数形式为activities。空处位于句首，单词的首字母要大写。
7．dish→dishes 解析：考查固定搭配。do the dishes 为固定搭配，意为“洗餐具；洗碗碟”。故将dish改为dishes。
8．tidying→tidy 解析：考查动词。并列连词前后的词在形式上应保持一致，所以and后的动词要与water的形式一致。故将tidying改为tidy。
9．a lot后加from 解析：考查介词。固定结构benefit from...意为“从……中受益”。故在a lot后加from。
10．删掉are 解析：考查动词。理解句意可知，此处的like意为“喜欢”，作动词，因此are作为be动词多余。故将are删掉。
11．most→more 解析：考查固定搭配。what's more为固定搭配，意为“而且；更重要的是；另外”。故将most改为more。
mentally→mental 解析：考查形容词。修饰名词relaxation的成分在句中作定语，需要由形容词来充当，故将mentally改为mental。
12．our→my 解析：考查代词。由I love doing可知，应该由my来修饰view。故将our改为my。
13．hopes→hope 解析：考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，该句为祈使句，所以应该用动词原形。故将hopes改为hope。
14．in 解析：考查介词。表示“在……朝代”应用介词in。
15．better 解析：考查形容词的比较级。分析句子结构，且根据空后的than可知，空处应用good的比较级。
16．but 解析：考查连词。根据空处前后的句意可知，“自行车又旧又摇晃”与“能骑”之间是转折关系。故用表转折的连词but。
17．the 解析：考查冠词。all the way为固定短语，意为“一直，一路上”。
18．watchtowers 解析：考查名词的数。并列连词and连接的词在形式上应保持一致，and前的gates是名词的复数形式，故空处应用所给词的复数形式watchtowers。
daily 解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词routines应用形容词形式，daily routine为固定搭配，意为“日常生活”。
19．go后加to 解析：考查介词。go to意为“求助于”，故在go后加to。
20．friend→friends 解析：考查名词的数。此处的friend通过连词or与classmates并列，提示这里指的“朋友”不止一个。故将friend改为friends。
21．删掉out 解析：考查固定搭配。turn to sb. for help为固定搭配，意为“向某人寻求帮助”。
22．little→few 解析：考查代词。本句主语代指的“学生”(students)为可数名词，a little用于指代不可数名词。故将little改为few。
our→their 解析：考查代词。本句主语指代students，根据逻辑关系可知，此处表示的应该是“靠他们自己”(on their own)。故将our改为their。
23．mostly→most 解析：考查副词。mostly意为“主要地，一般地”，而most意为“(程度上)最大，最高”。根据语境可知，此处是说“我们最相信的那些人”。故将mostly改为most。
24．and 解析：考查连词。分析句子可知，此空前后连接两个that引导的宾语从句，且根据句意可知，前后两个从句是并列关系，故填并列连词and。
25．person's 解析：考查名词的所有格。此空后接名词，且根据句意“它的计算方法是用一个人的体重公斤数除以身高米数的平方……”，故此处填person的所有格形式。
26．by 解析：考查介词。根据a BMI of between 19 and 25可知，这里是说在1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI值“增加了”2.1，故此处填介词by。
27．sharply 解析：考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词had narrowed，应用副词sharply。
28．lower 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处and连接三个并列结构，形式应保持一致；由higher与fewer可知，此处应填low的比较级lower。
29．for 解析：考查介词。“buy sth. for＋价格”为固定搭配，表示“以……价钱购买某物”。
marriage 解析：考查词性转换。由物主代词their及名词ceremony可判断，此处应用名词。marry的名词形式为marriage。
30．smaller 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处应用所给词的比较级形式。
31．herself 解析：考查反身代词。根据语境可知，此处是指她的房子是她自己的写照，故用反身代词herself。
32．neither 解析：考查连词。由空后的nor和was可推断出，此处应填neither。neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”。
33．The 解析：考查冠词。定冠词the用在姓氏复数前，这种用法表示“一家人”。
34．humans 解析：考查名词的数。空处是we的同位语，单复数应保持一致，或者由are也可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填humans。
35．undoubtedly 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰动词help，所以用副词形式。故填undoubtedly。
36．hotter 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，意为“越……，越……”。故填hotter。
37．astonished 解析：考查词性转换。此处为“leave＋宾语＋形容词(作宾补)”结构。空处说明的是宾语us的状态，所以用 ed形式的形容词astonished，意为“感到惊讶的”。
38．and 解析：考查连词。空格后的动词offers与前面的动词highlights构成并列关系，所以用and。
39．mine 解析：考查代词。由in the visitor's memory可知，in 64.________对应的是in my memory，空处指的是“我的记忆”，故填mine。
40．a 解析：考查冠词。在这里must作可数名词，意为“必须做(或看、买等)的事”，a must在文中指“一个必游之地”，且must的音标是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
专题二 动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词
1．was→is 解析：考查时态。根据“上下文时态一致原则”可知，此处时态应该和上文保持一致，句子应使用一般现在时。故将was改为is。
2．to walk 解析：考查固定句型。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型“It is＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.”，It是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。
3．was built 解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，与主语it构成动宾关系，故用被动语态；且根据originally可知，此处描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时，所以填was built。
4．hired 解析：考查时态。根据上下文可知，此句描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时。
5．are→is 解析：考查主谓一致。“one of the＋可数名词复数形式”为固定搭配，意为“……之一”，中心词是one，提示主语是“其中的一个问题”，be动词应用第三人称单数。
6．kept→keep 解析：考查时态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，因此本句也应该用一般现在时。故将kept改为keep。
7．was 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。由then以及语境可知，这里描述的是“……对当时的人们来说，把那些石头放在正确的位置是多么困难”，所以句子的时态应为一般过去时。又因主语是it，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，所以用was。
8．is considered 解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此空是句子的谓语；根据前半句的It is可判断时态为一般现在时，且根据句意“19到25之间的BMI(体重指数)被认为是健康值”可知，BMI与consider之间为动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
9．was 解析：考查时态。此处是在讲1985年至2017年间城市中人们BMI值增加的情况，是描述过去发生的事情，且上一句描述当时农村情况时用一般过去时，故空处所在句也应用一般过去时，故填was。
10．has proved/has proven 解析：考查时态。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应用现在完成时。主语Lincoln's home是单数形式，且与所给词为主谓关系，故应填has proved或has proven。
11．was painted 解析：考查时态、语态及主谓一致。主语home为单数形式，和动词paint之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态。且由上下文时态可知，该句应用一般过去时。
12．sold 解析：考查时态。由空前的and和rented可知，空处应填所给词的过去式。
13．visiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词of的后面接名词或动名词，visit的动名词形式为visiting。
14．to have 解析：考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。
15．spending 解析：考查非谓语动词。空前的After为介词，后应接动词的 ing形式。故填spending。
16．talk→talking 解析：考查非谓语动词。dislike doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“不喜欢做某事”。
17．aching 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处可填一个非谓语动词，逻辑主语legs与所给词为主谓关系，故用现在分词形容状态。
18．studied 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，该句谓语动词为had，故此空考查study的非谓语动词形式，此处作countries的后置定语；而countries与study之间为动宾关系，故填studied。
19．living 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填live的非谓语动词形式，此处作people的后置定语；而people与live之间为主谓关系，故填living。
20．to plant 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式(短语)来表示目的。句意：玛丽的姐姐弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常短暂地来访，以在前院种些花。
专题三 状语从句、定语从句和名词性从句
1．whatever→whenever 解析：考查状语从句。根据句意可知，“我”会在任何必要的时候打扫“我”的卧室。故将whatever改为whenever。
2．where→when/whenever 解析：考查状语从句。分析本句结构可知，此处是省略了主语和谓语的时间状语从句。故把where改为when或whenever。
3．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，而先行词tool为物，故此处要填关系代词that或which。
4．What 解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子成分可知，56.________is so breathtaking about the experience是主语从句，空处在从句中作主语，表达“……的东西或事”的意思，且位于句首。故填What。
专题四 阅读理解——应用文
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了当今世界上最大的几座体育场。
21．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“However，that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250，000 people.”可知，Circus Maximus能容纳大约25万人。
22．C 解析：细节理解题。每一家体育场的开放时间：Michigan Stadium－1927年，Beaver Stadium－1960年，Ohio Stadium－1922年，Kyle Field－1927年。由此可知，正确答案为C。
23．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.”可知，这些体育场仍然开放，并且仍然举办世界体育界最大型的赛事。故选A。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国的Take a view年度风光摄影师大奖，以及两幅获奖作品的相关信息。
21．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.”可知，摄影师最有可能参加这项大赛。故选B项。
22．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一幅作品相关信息中的“It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air.”以及第二幅作品相关信息中的“I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”可知，两幅作品的共同之处是它们都是冬日的图像。故选A项。
23．C 解析：文章出处题。通读文章可知，文章主要介绍了英国的Take a view年度风光摄影师大奖，并给出了两幅获奖作品的相关信息。摄影属于艺术范畴，故选C项。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了罗马的几个价格优惠、安全舒适的旅社。
21．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel.”可知，选择住在旅社的游客可能最关心的是价格。故选C项。
22．B 解析：细节理解题。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分的第一句“If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome.”可知，Hostel Alessandro Palace这个旅社最适合喜欢活跃的社交生活的人。故选B项。
23．C 解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes可查找到文章的最后一部分，根据最后一句“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi Fi.”可推知，Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是要额外付Wi Fi的费用。故选C项。
专题五 阅读理解——说明文
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。现在几乎每个人都用手机，但还有超过一半的澳大利亚家庭在使用座机，文章主要阐述了产生这一现象的原因。
24．B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段的内容可知，在澳大利亚现在很难找到15岁以上还没有手机的人，而事实上很多小孩子的口袋里都有一部手机。由此可推知，在澳大利亚使用手机的人越来越多，手机在广泛地流行起来。故选B。
25．A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文可知，很多人留着座机是为了一些突发情况，而有一部分人根本不用座机。故画线词所在句是说，有三分之一的人承认座机不是必须要有的东西。由此可推断concede意为“承认”，故选A。argue“争论”，remember“记得”，remark“评论”，均不符合该处的语境。
26．C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“... compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.”和第五段中的“... the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents...”可知，相比之下，在生育高峰期出生的人中，有84%的人可能已经拥有同样的座机号码50年了。显然，他们一直在使用座机。故选C。
27．B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，作者用煤气路灯和早晨送牛奶的例子，暗示座机将来有一天可能像它们一样，在我们的日常生活中消失。故选B。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。面对无处不在的海洋塑料污染，尤其是大家每天都在使用的塑料吸管和塑料杯，艺术家Benjamin Von Wong通过其艺术作品“Strawpocalypse”和“Truckload of Plastic”呼唤人们对塑料垃圾的关注。
28．C 解析：推理判断题。本题询问Von Wong的艺术作品的目的是什么。根据题干中的关键信息Von Wong's artworks 找到第一段中的“Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re examine their relationship to single use plastic products.(艺术家Benjamin Von Wong想让你知道它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造了巨大的雕塑，使观看者重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”，由此可推知，Von Wong的艺术作品旨在引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。故选C。
29．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution, but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.”可知，塑料吸管最近已经受到了抨击，由于它们体积小并且重量轻，所以不能被回收利用。故选A。
30．B 解析：推理判断题。本题询问艺术作品“Truckload of Plastic”对观看者有什么影响。根据第四段的内容可知，在2018年的一件作品中，Von Wong想说明这一明确的统计数据：每60秒，一卡车的塑料就会进入海洋。由此可知，他创作的“Truckload of Plastic”是为了引起观看者的不安与恐慌，进而呼吁人们关注塑料垃圾污染问题。故选B。
31．D 解析：标题归纳题。艺术家Benjamin Von Wong通过其艺术作品，呼唤人们关注塑料垃圾污染问题，文章详细介绍了他的两件作品：“Strawpocalypse”和“Truckload of Plastic”。由此可知，本文主要讲述的是被转变成雕塑的海洋塑料。故选D。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。作者通过引用研究者对噪声的研究，得出“特定程度的噪声最适合人们进行创造性思维”这一结论，进而说明共享办公空间与创造性思维能力之间的联系：前者既提供了一定程度的噪声，又提供了免受打扰的自由。
32．A 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“That's why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street—so I can focus.”可知，采访者是街对面的共享工作空间的会员，在那里他能集中精力。所以，那位采访者更喜欢共享工作空间的原因是那里有助于他集中精力。故选A。
33．C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“...the participants in the 70 decibels group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop—significantly outperformed the other groups.”可知，70分贝组的参与者的测试结果最好，显然70分贝的背景噪声可以提高创造性思维能力。故选C。
34．D 解析：推理判断题。根据题干中的open office和unwelcome可以查找到最后一段。根据最后一段中的“...we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus.”以及while also providing freedom from interruptions可知，开放式办公室不受欢迎的原因是人们会不断地受到打扰。故选D。
35．D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一句中的During an interview for one of my books可知，作者在为自己的一本书接受采访的时候留意到这个问题(即共享办公空间与创造性思维能力之间的联系)，由此可以判断作者是一位作家。故选D。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。在Port Lympne保护区降生了一头罕见的黑犀牛幼崽，这种稀有动物因很难圈养繁殖，因此尤其珍贵。
24．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.”以及倒数第二段中的“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5...His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.”可推知，该保护区的繁育计划是成功的。故选D项。
25．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore.”可知，新出生的犀牛状态良好。故选C项。
26．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“When the tiny creature arrived on January 31...”、第二段中的“Her mother, Solio, is a first time mum...”和第三段第二句“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first time mother Kisima...”可知，两头犀牛幼崽都于一月出生，而且Solio和Kisima这两头母犀牛都是第一次生产。故选A项。
27．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句中的“...but it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.”可推知，有一些黑犀牛也许会被送到野生动物保护区。故选D项。
五、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的联邦鸭票计划的由来和它的意义。
28．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.”可知，数百万英亩的湿地的流失导致了水禽数量不断减少。故选A项。
29．C 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句的上文可知，探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，北美洲有着多种多样的野生动物。由画线单词所在的句子“Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.”可知，此处讲述的是不幸的事情，并与上文存在转折关系。故此处表达的是，这些探险者和定居者只用了几十年的时间就摧毁了这些资源的大部分。分析选项可知，decimate与destroy的含义相近，故选C项。
30．D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat...”可推知，1934年颁布的法案的直接结果是政府筹集到了保护野生动物的资金。故选D项。
31．A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了美国的联邦鸭票计划的由来和它的意义。所以本文是围绕The Federal Duck Stamp来展开的，故最佳标题应为A项The Federal Duck Stamp Story(联邦鸭票的故事)。
六、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了情商普及的意义和对未来情商研究的希望。
32．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and ‘people skills.’”可知，许多人将情商误解为一个人的性格、动力、信心、心理稳定性、乐观主义和“为人处事能力”等几乎一切无法通过智商测试衡量的合意的天性。此句中的everything desirable与D项中的positive qualities是同义转换。故选D项。
33．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes.”可知，作者提到医生和骗子的目的是阐明情商这一概念——它是一套特定的技能，可被用在做好事上，也能被用于不好的目的。故选B项。
34．A 解析：观点态度题。根据第三段第一句“Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.”可知，作者认为，尽管关于情商的流行观点远远超过了研究所能合理支持的范畴，但普及的总体效果一直是利大于弊的。由此可推知，作者支持情商的普及。故选A项。
35．B 解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句中的“...we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion.”可知，本段主要谈论了对未来情商研究方向的期望。故选B项。
七、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一个美国工程师的预言，引出青少年缺乏运动而导致过度肥胖的社会问题，分析原因，并指出学校和家长为解决这一问题所采取的措施和带来的效果。
24．B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day.”和第二段的内容可知，作者通过提及Watkins对未来生活的错误预测“每人每天都要走10英里”来引出话题，即当今青少年缺乏锻炼而导致过度肥胖。故选B。
25．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Families are pressed for time... living in car dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.”可知，父母的时间紧张，出行更依赖汽车，走路上学的孩子越来越少，这导致青少年缺乏锻炼。题干中的decrease和文中第三段的decline是同义转述，C选项和文中第三段中的are pressed for time是同义转述。故选C。
26．D 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out.I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more.”可知，作者通过和孩子一起散步，可以更好地了解孩子的生活，得知他对友谊的理解等内心想法。这让作者对儿子有了进一步的了解。故选D。
八、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员已经破译出野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义。
27．D 解析：细节理解题。根据关键词Dr Hobaiter可查找到文章第二段中的“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.”。由此可知，Dr Hobaiter认为黑猩猩和人类的相似之处在于它们也会有目的地传递信息进行沟通。
28．B 解析：细节理解题。根据关键词Dr Shultz可查找到文章第六段中的“...said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were ‘a little disappointing’．”。由此可知，Dr Shultz认为这项研究丰富了原有的知识，但研究成果有限，还有不足之处。
29．A 解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non verbal communication.”可知，黑猩猩手势传递的信息的含义并没有超出已知的其他动物通过非语言方式所传达的含义，因此和人类的语言交流方式还是存在差异。故推测gulf在此意为“差异”。故选A。
30．D 解析：标题归纳题。结合全文可知，文章都是围绕着黑猩猩的语言沟通来进行阐述的。且文章第一句点明了主旨，即研究人员表明他们已经破译出野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义。故D项为最佳标题。
九、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，狗能分辨人的面部表情，从而判断人的情绪是快乐或者愤怒的。研究人员认为其最可能的原因是它们和人类一起生活的时间较长。
28．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces，according to a new study.”可知，一项新研究表明，狗可能确实能够区分人类快乐和愤怒的表情。结合第二段的研究过程可知，该研究的着眼点是狗是否能分辨出人的面部表情，故B项正确。
29．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the person's face or images totally different from the ones used in training.”可知，研究人员通过向狗展示人类面部的另一半或与训练中完全不同的图像来测试它们区分人类面部表情的能力。由此可推断，研究者在实验的两个阶段中用的图片是不一样的，故C项正确。
30．B 解析：段落大意题。通读最后一段可知，第二句“To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions，”为该段的主题句。由此可知，该段主要陈述狗能识别人类的面部表情的可能的原因——狗与人类生活在一起，经常接触到人类的面部表情。故B项正确。
专题六 阅读理解——记叙文、议论文
记叙文
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者怀念小时候搬家后玩滑板的经历。
28．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“Without my beloved beaches and endless blue sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.”可知，作者搬到伦敦后感觉不知所措且无所适从。分析四个选项可知，A项中的disappointed(沮丧的)准确描述了作者的心情。故选A。
29．B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.”可知，成为一名好的滑行者，落地技巧是重要的。再根据上句中的“when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting...”可知，作者成功掌握了落地技巧，他的朋友们夸赞他干得漂亮。故选B。
30．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since... Weaving among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam.”可知，作者在回到伦敦后，花了数小时在南岸漫步，并且去了多次，穿梭于玩滑板的孩子之间，回忆自己的过往。由此可推断作者在重温儿时美好的日子。故选D。
31．C 解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者从洛杉矶搬到伦敦后感到不适应，后来在一个滑板运动中心交到了好朋友。作者15岁时，一家又搬到了华盛顿。他尝试在那里玩滑板，但这项运动在那里并不受欢迎，故作者几年后放弃了。作者再次回到伦敦后，怀念小时候在伦敦的经历。这些都显示出孩子需要归属感。故选C。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了律师Robert Titterton在业余时间做钢琴师Maria Raspopova的乐谱翻页者的经历。
24．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”可知，想做钢琴师的乐谱翻页者需要会识谱。故选A。
25．C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don't turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.”可推知，乐谱翻页者的工作需要很多技巧，要求很高。故选C。
26．B 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of ‘nodding’ to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.”可知，无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴师都有他们自己的“点头”风格来暗示需要翻页，他们需要同他们的翻页者一起练习。所以Titterton需要练习及时识别钢琴师的点头翻页示意。故选B。
27．D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“He's absorbed in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say：‘Turn, turn！’”可知，她的丈夫太专注于音乐了，还需要她去提醒翻页，所以推断出他总是忘记自己的翻页工作。故选D。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Saroo Brierley小时候因误上了火车，从而与家人分离。多年后，他通过数字绘图程序找到了家乡，并与家人团聚。
21．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Saroo Brierley和哥哥在铁路线上玩耍然后睡着了，当他醒来发现自己一个人时，认为哥哥可能在他看到的前面那辆火车上，于是他也上了火车。由此可知，主人公多年前和家人走散是因为误上了火车。
22．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段前两句“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's satellite pictures.”和最后一句“Everything just started to match.”可知，主人公是通过研究数字地图找到家乡的。
23．B 解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段可知，在一次采访中，他谈到了自己和母亲相见时的情景和心情，因此主人公在采访中主要讲的是他和母亲团聚时的情况。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。Leslie Nielsen有一段艰苦的童年时光，但在叔叔的影响下他成功走上了演艺道路。尽管他在演艺事业上已经取得了不小的成就，但仍在自己热爱的行业中不断探索，不断前进，并成就了非凡的人生。
21．C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.”可知，Leslie Nielsen在叔叔的影响下，想从事演艺工作，并想成为像他叔叔一样著名的演员。故C项正确。
22．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句“It wasn't until 1980—32 years into his career—that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly.”可知，直到1980年，也就是他职业生涯的第32年，他才因Airplane！中的角色作为一名喜剧演员进入了他职业生涯的后半段，虽然电影评论家不会对他的喜剧表演做出很高的评价，但他的出演可以使电影取得经济方面的成功。由此可推知，Leslie Nielsen在他的后半段职业生涯中成了一名成功的喜剧演员。故D项正确。
23．D 解析：主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是文章最后一句“He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on，can make for a remarkable life.”可知，Leslie Nielsen的故事告诉我们，哪怕是一个小小的愿望，只要你永不放弃，就能成就一段非凡的人生，即有志者事竟成。故D项正确。
五、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。电影制作人David Bond的孩子在很小的时候便沉迷于电子屏幕，David Bond想出了一个办法来改变这种情况，于是就有了影片Project Wild Thing的诞生。在他的影响下，他的孩子有了改变。作者发出呼吁，让孩子们多多亲近自然，到户外去玩耍吧！
24．D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“However，what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours.”可知，作者的孩子们面临的问题是他们在屏幕前待的时间太久了，故D项正确。
25．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing，a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.”可知，David Bond是通过制作纪录片的方式来推行他的“鼓励孩子走向自然”的理念的，而不是B项“组织户外活动”，C项“在伦敦媒体中登广告”或D项“创造一张‘朋友网’”。故A项正确。
26．A 解析：词义猜测题。 根据画线单词所在句的上一句“He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people.”中的关键词documented可知，由他制作的影片Project Wild Thing具有“纪录片”的性质。据此可知，画线单词意为“记录”，故A项正确。
27．C 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者在本文开篇通过对自己孩子在放学后花在屏幕上时间过长这件事的描述来引出本文主题——鼓励孩子亲近自然，远离屏幕。接着作者引述了与自己有同样担忧的电影制作人David Bond的故事：他为了改变这种情况制作了影片Project Wild Thing并最终取得了理想的效果。最后作者给出了自己的观点，即鼓励孩子们到户外去亲近自然。据此可知，C项最适合作文章的标题。
议论文
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。不论是在科学界还是艺术界，判断一个人是不是“天才”只有一个标准——“胜利者的标准”。然而这是一个极为不公平的判断标准，因为它将很大一部分人排除在“天才俱乐部”外。好消息是这种情况正在得到改善。
32．A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.”可知，历史是由胜利者书写的，而这些胜利者也为“天才俱乐部”设定了标准。当“俱乐部”外的天才(即女性、不同肤色或信仰的人)做出贡献时，他们得不到认可，并会被其他人拒绝进入“天才俱乐部”。因此作者认为胜利者为“天才俱乐部”设定的准入标准是不公平的。故选A。
33．D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender are ‘really, really smart.’ Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are‘really, really smart.’”可知，该项研究发现，女孩会避免去做那些被认为是“特别特别聪明”的孩子才能做的事。由此可知，女孩可能受到社会观念的影响。故选D。
34．A 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.”可知，有更多的天才被公众所知，其原因在于全球通信系统的改善。故选A。
35．B 解析：标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段中的“...social factors like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with ‘intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.’”可知，像性别、种族和阶层这样的社会因素并不能决定天才是什么样的。因此B项“天才有多种形式”最能概括本文的主旨。
专题七 七选五
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些让自己在宴会上变得有趣的方法。
36．B 解析：根据空处所在句的后一句“So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.”可知，要想在宴会上变得有趣，主要的事情就是现身(会场)，并且有冒险精神，去品尝不同的食物，并和陌生人进行交谈。另外，其中的be adventurous和B选项The first step is to go exploring中的go exploring相呼应。故选B。
37．C 解析：根据空后的“it can bring in ‘I have this old, broken down vehicle’ or ‘I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.’”可知，此处是指以“你是怎么到这里来的？”这个问题开启一段谈话。vehicle和bus均与C项中的问题“How did you get here？”相呼应。故选C。
38．F 解析：空后的标点符号是问号，据此可以判断需要在此处填入一个问句，所以应该在选项A和选项F之间选择。空后一句“If you can't take their wine away，you should certainly try to take away their soapbox.”中的关键词wine和soapbox分别与F项中的person who has had too much to drink和won't stop talking相呼应。故选F。
39．E 解析：根据上文的“If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox.”可知，空处就如何应付宴会上喝太多或喋喋不休的人提出了另一个建议。由此可知E项符合语境。
40．G 解析：空前一句“If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.”中的关键词an awkward silence和the host，分别与G项中的that awkwardness和He or she is the person相呼应。故选G。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何举办服装交换派对活动来回收利用旧衣服，以达到保护环境的目的。
36．B 解析：分析上下文语境可知，该空起承上启下的作用。空前提到该如何处理你不喜欢的衣服，空后提到舍弃你的旧衣服，从你朋友那里获得衣服。由此可知，空处应提出一种解决你不喜欢的衣服这一问题的方法。分析选项可知，B项“举办旧衣物交换活动”是对该问题的回答；而下一句中的代词It也指代B选项中的clothing swap。故B项正确。
37．A 解析：分析本句的结构可知，后半句中的“more than that...”和空处所填应形成对比的关系；分析各选项可知，A项符合该处语境，且选项中的that与more than that中的that均指代该段首句中的Invite 5－10 people。故A项正确。
38．G 解析：该空位于句首，应为段落的主旨句。且由下一句中的also一词可知，两句之间为递进关系，G选项中的bring与下一句“They should also prepare...”中的prepare相呼应，此段介绍参加服装交换派对活动的要求，即不仅要带来干净可穿的衣物，还要准备好装“新”衣物的环保袋。故G项正确。
39．F 解析：由上下文语境可知，空处应是讲述交换衣服时所做的事情。F选项中put一词是前一句“Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.”的关键词复现，表明应把衣物摆放在合适的位置。故F项正确。
40．D 解析：由空前一句中的“turn on a certain song, or whatever”和空后一句可知，D选项中的“全程播放音乐”与空后“准备一些饼干和水果”，都是为了给旧衣物交换派对活动增添乐趣。故D项正确。
三、
【解题导语】 文章是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者和丈夫在巴黎一周的生活情况，以及对巴黎人生活风貌的所见所感。
36．F 解析：根据空处后的So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth floor apartment the size of a cupboard.可知，作者在巴黎做的第一件事就是租了一间位于六楼的小公寓。据此可以判断，空处应说明作者这样做的目的，即看自己是否能像一个巴黎人一样生活。故F项正确。
37．C 解析：根据空处上句“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment，the plumbing worked.”可知，与普通的巴黎公寓不同，这个公寓的管道畅通。据此可以判断，空处应描述作者所租赁的公寓的情况。空后的Our building even had a tiny lift...也印证了这一点。故C项正确。
38．G 解析：根据上文“As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight.”和下文的描述可知，空处承上启下，既要说明法国人吃得少的原因，又要和下文提到的美味的法国草莓有逻辑上的衔接。分析选项可知，G项与上句构成解释说明关系，与下句构成举例关系，故G项为正确答案。
39．E 解析：根据空处所在的位置可知，该空很可能是本段的主旨句。分析空后内容可知，该段主要讲述的是法国人吃得少的另一个原因，即水果价格昂贵。分析选项可知，E项符合该处语境，且该项中的That指代上文论述过的原因，故为正确答案。
40．A 解析：根据空处上句可知，法国的咖啡店里经常挤满了顾客。由空后两句的内容可知，空后一句中的these people指的是一些法国人，再结合该段的主题——法国人相较于效率更在意生活品质可知，空处应是说咖啡店里的顾客并不全是游客，里面有法国当地人。故A项为正确答案。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了为什么排队时你总是站在最慢的一队这个有趣的现象。
31．A 解析：上文提到你明明选了看上去最快的队伍，但是那些站在其他队伍中远远在你之后的人都先结账离开了，下文分析这种现象是概率问题。由此可推断此空应是抛出问题“为什么这种事好像总是发生在你身上？”以引出下文，阐明文章主题。故A项符合此处语境。
32．G 解析：上文讲超市竭力提供更多的收银员以加快结账速度，而下文讲任何一个小的打扰都会让整个队伍变慢。由此可知，空处应与上文是转折关系。分析选项可知，G项符合此处语境，且与后文构成并列或递进关系，空后一句也是对G项的具体描述，故为正确答案。
33．D 解析：根据空处所在段第一句的内容及空前的Think about the probability可知，此空讲的是你在三个队伍中选择的情况。D项中有one in three，这与前面的three lines呼应，故选D。
34．F 解析：上文提到研究人员发现了一种好的排队方式，下文提到大多数银行和快餐店都采取这种方式。由此可推断空处应讲的是这种好的排队方式的优点。故F项符合此处语境。
35．B 解析：上文提到这种好的排队方式，下文提到很多商店没有足够的空间和人力实行蛇形排队法，还有作者文末给出的建议是“祝好运”。由此可推断此空应是提出问题：为什么绝大多数地方并没有实行蛇形排队法。故选B。
五、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。葡萄牙计算机工程师Paulo喜欢收来自世界各地的朋友们发来的明信片。为了寻找有相同爱好的朋友，他创立了网站，该网站注册用户超过57万。人们也通过寄电子明信片的方式提高了外语能力。
31．G 解析：空处是该段的结尾句。分析该段结构可知，空处应总结该段的主要内容并引出后文。根据首句“Paulo Magalhaes, a 34 year old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall.”可知，这名34岁的葡萄牙计算机工程师Paulo喜欢收到罗马斗兽场、非洲维多利亚瀑布或中国长城的照片。由此可以推出，空处应做出总结，说明他喜欢收明信片。分析选项内容可知G项正确。且引文中所提地点也与G项中的far away形成呼应。
32．A 解析：根据空处下句“Seeking other like minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online.”和上文的内容可知，该段主要说明了针对没有收到想象中那么多回复这一问题，Paulo予以理解，并想到了解决方案，故空处应表明Paulo对这个问题的态度。分析选项内容可知A项正确。
33．E 解析：根据空处上句可知，该网站自成立已有十年历史，并且有来自214个国家和地区的57万多名注册用户；E项内容与空处上句联系最为紧密，空处应进一步表明该网站运营状况有多成功。分析选项内容可知E项正确。
34．F 解析：根据空处上句“As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it.”可知，空处上文是说你收到一张用中文写的明信片可能很酷，但如果不懂中文的话情况就大不一样了。空处下文指出在交换明信片时，有一种统一的语言是有必要的。由此可以推知，空处应与上文内容对应，即如果你仅会中文的话，也无法理解明信片上的瑞典语。分析选项内容可知F项正确。
35．B 解析：根据空处上句“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.”可知，许多中国人接触英语的程度有限。结合常识可知，空处应说明这种问题导致的结果，即这使得学习和练习英语显得格外困难。故B项正确。
专题八 完形填空
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者觉得如果有一系列表达不同等级感激的词汇，事情会简单很多。而一件发生在作者周围的事情也让作者进一步坚定了自己的想法。
41．C 解析：考查名词。根据第52空后的to each of us in the nursing team可知，作者是一名护士。nurse意为“护士”，故选C。cleaner意为“清洁工”；chemist意为“化学家”；doctor意为“医生”。
42．A 解析：考查名词。根据上文的“Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations.”可知，此处是指“那时我意识到，如果我们有一系列表达不同等级感激的词汇，事情会简单得多。”grade意为“等级；品级”，故选A。meaning意为“含义”；need意为“需要”；expectation意为“期望”。
43．B 解析：考查动词短语。根据下文所述可知，作者所在医院的患者在出院时对医护人员表示感激。故此处是指“我的想法很快就受到了检验”。put to the test意为“使(某物)经受检验”，故选B。brush aside意为“不理会，漠视”；bring under discussion意为“把(某物)引入讨论”；take into account意为“考虑到(某事)”。
44．D 解析：考查动词。根据空后的from a knee replacement operation可知，recover“康复；复原”符合语境，故选D。depart意为“离开”；escape意为“逃离”；retire意为“退休”。
45．A 解析：考查动词。根据空前的内容可知，这名患者做了膝关节置换手术，所以此处是指当她“试图”上床的时候。attempt意为“尝试”，故选A。choose意为“选择”；pause意为“暂停”；promise意为“承诺”。
46．A 解析：考查副词。根据空前的“We had a woman patient who was __44__ from a knee replacement operation.”可知，这名患者一开始住院是做膝关节置换手术，而偶然间的一次跌倒“最终”被查明是心脏病发作所致。eventually意为“最终”，故选A。fortunately意为“幸运地”；casually意为“随意地”；secretly意为“秘密地”。
47．B 解析：考查动词。根据空前的The collapse was disastrous可知，这名患者摔倒的后果是灾难性的，所以此处是指“需要”急救医疗团队和良好的团队合作。require意为“要求”，故选B。assess意为“评估”；form意为“形成”；prove意为“证明”。
48．C 解析：考查副词。根据空前的“But she recovered, though”可知，此处是指“虽然恢复缓慢，但四周后她恢复了，并准备好出院”。slowly意为“缓慢地；迟缓地”，故选C。slightly意为“略微；稍微”；accidentally意为“意外地”；happily意为“高兴地”。
49．A 解析：考查形容词。根据常识及空后的for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her可知，此处是指她“感激”医疗和护理团队为她所做的一切。grateful意为“感激的”，故选A。thoughtful意为“体贴的；关心别人的”；sorrowful意为“悲伤的”；fearful意为“可怕的；吓人的”。
50．B 解析：考查名词。根据常识和空前的“On her day of discharge，we shared in her”可知，患者出院就代表其已经恢复得很好了，所以此处是指分享“喜悦”。 delight意为“高兴；愉快；快乐”，故选B。surprise意为“惊讶”；curiosity意为“好奇心”；disappointment意为“失望；沮丧；扫兴”。
51．D 解析：考查动词。根据上文的On her day of discharge可知，此处是指“在这名患者出院那天”。leave意为“离开”，符合语境，故选D。operate意为“动手术”；think意为“想；思考”；hesitate意为“犹豫”。
52．C 解析：考查逻辑。根据上文的On her day of discharge可知，此处是指这名患者即将出院，所以应是说“再见”。goodbye意为“再见”，故选C。sorry意为“抱歉”；hello意为“你好”；yes意为“是；好的”。
53．A 解析：考查动词。根据上文的“As she was __51__ she was eager to say __52__ to each of us in the nursing team.”和空后的she tried to press a five pound note into her hand可知，此处是说“当她与一名护士告别的时候，她努力把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她(护士)手里”。reach符合此处的语境，故选A。consult意为“咨询”；introduce意为“介绍”；persuade意为“劝说”。
54．D 解析：考查动词。根据空后的saying that we were all just __55__ our job以及空后女患者解释自己给护士五英镑的原因可知，此处是指作者的同事“拒绝”接受这五英镑。refuse意为“拒绝”，故选D。wish意为“希望”；pretend意为“ 假装”；fail意为“失败”。
55．B 解析：考查动词。挽救生命是护士的本职工作，所以此处是指作者的同事说“我们”只是在做自己的工作。do意为“做”，故选B。enjoy意为“享受”；secure意为“保护”；start意为“开始”。
56．C 解析：考查动词。根据空后女患者解释自己给护士五英镑的原因可知，此处是指女患者“回答道”。reply意为“回答”，故选C。repeat意为“重复”；recite意为“背诵”；report意为“报告”。
57．D 解析：考查名词。根据常识可知，这名患者在医院应是得到了护士的“照顾”。care意为“照料；照顾；照看；护理”，故选D。courage意为“勇气”；patience意为“耐心”；duty意为“职责”。
58．B 解析：考查名词。根据“Oh this isn't for the __57__ I had”可知，此处是指这名患者给护士钱不是因为她得到了护士的照顾，她认为护士照顾她是“一定会发生的事”。given意为“(定当发生的)假设事实”，故选B。goal意为“目标”；push意为“推；力劝”；greeting意为“问候；招呼”。
59．C 解析：考查动词。根据常识和“My colleague __54__ to accept it, saying that we were all just __55__ our job.”可知，对于护士来说，“挽救”生命是他们工作内容的一部分。save意为“拯救；挽救”，故选C。risk意为“使……冒风险(或面临危险)”；change意为“改变”；build意为“建造”。
60．D 解析：考查名词。根据空前的lives is part of the job but可知，做头发不是护士工作的一部分，而是“额外的事物”。extra意为“额外的事物”，故选D。honour意为“荣誉”；ability意为“能力”；opening意为“缺口；开始；开端”。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公Burchill的经历。他在酒店晾香肠却引来了一群海鸥，给酒店造成了损失，因此被酒店列入黑名单。后来他写信给酒店道歉，酒店准许他重新进入。
41．B 解析：考查动词。根据语境及空后的at the hotel on business可知，此处指的是“出差待在酒店里”，故选B。
42．A 解析：考查动词。根据下文“They had asked him to __43__ some pepperoni (辣香肠) from back east.”可知，Burchill是要去见他的朋友们。visit“看望，访问，拜访”符合语境，故选A。
43．C 解析：考查动词。根据下文的from back east可知，此处应是朋友们让Burchill带些辣香肠来。bring“带来”符合语境，故选C。
44．A 解析：考查动词。根据上文内容可知，Burchill要去见朋友，朋友要求他带一些辣香肠过来。由此可推知，此处应表示他装了满满一箱的辣香肠。fill“使充满，装满”符合语境，故选A。
45．D 解析：考查形容词。根据“it would be too warm”和下文的内容可知，空处所在句是说，Burchill担心辣香肠的温度过高。worried“担心的，担忧的”符合语境，故选D。
46．D 解析：考查动词。根据空后的out on the table near an open window和常识可知，Burchill担心辣香肠温度过高，所以他应是把辣香肠拿出来放在窗户旁的桌子上。lay“放置”符合语境，故选D。
47．B 解析：考查形容词。根据上下文的内容可知，Burchill应是认为把辣香肠放在窗户旁是安全的，并且能够让它冷却下来。safe“安全的”符合语境，故选B。
48．A 解析：考查动词。根据下文opening the door to my room可知，Burchill应是离开了放置辣香肠的房间。leave“离开”符合语境，故选A。
49．C 解析：考查形容词。根据下文的“...to find an entire flock of seagulls”和下文的内容可知，令Burchill没想到的是，辣香肠引来了一群海鸥，所以空处所在句应是说事情出了问题。wrong“引起问题的，不正常的”符合语境，故选C。
50．C 解析：考查名词。根据空前的walking down the long和下文的opening the door to my room可知，Burchill走过了长长的走廊才打开了门进入自己的房间。hall“过道，走廊”符合语境，故选C。
51．B 解析：考查名词。根据下文提到的“...to apologize for the damage”可知，Burchill写了一封道歉信给这家四星级酒店。apology“道歉，致歉”符合语境，故选B。
52．D 解析：考查形容词。根据下文“They rushed to the window”和常识可知，海鸥在人进入房间后应会变得不受控制并想要飞到窗户外面去。go wild“发狂，发疯”符合该处语境，故选D。
53．B 解析：考查动词短语。根据上文的描述和常识可知，空处所在句是说海鸥想要飞出窗外。get out“出去，逃离”符合语境，故选B。wake up“醒来”；take off“起飞；脱掉”；break in“破门而入”。
54．A 解析：考查名词。根据上文“...and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down.”可知，现场应是一片混乱。mess“混乱，杂乱”符合语境，故选A。
55．D 解析：考查动词。根据上文“Older and wiser now...”可知，现在的Burchill变得更加成熟了。mature“成熟”符合语境，故选D。
56．D 解析：考查名词。根据上文的内容可知，Burchill承认这个严重的后果是他晾辣香肠的行为所导致的，他应该为此负责。action“行为，行动”符合语境，故选D。
57．C 解析：考查名词短语。根据上下文的内容可知，空处所在句应是说“我”真诚地为“我”造成的损失表示歉意。hat in hand“毕恭毕敬地”符合语境，故选C。 hands in pockets“手插兜”；nose in the air“目中无人”；feet on the ground“脚踏实地”。
58．A 解析：考查副词。根据全文的内容可知，这件事情是由Burchill间接造成的。indirectly“间接地，非直接地”符合语境，故选A。
59．C 解析：考查动词。根据上文内容可知，Burchill因为一时的疏忽给酒店造成了严重的影响，所以被列入了黑名单。后来他写信给酒店道歉。故空处所在句是说，他请求酒店重新考虑一下自己终身被禁的事情。reconsider“重新考虑”符合语境，故选C。
60．B 解析：考查动词。根据下文“Burchill is now welcome to come back”可知，他写的信起了作用。work“奏效，起到作用”符合语境，故选B。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”中学时在烘焙工厂工作的经历。第一次成为纳税人的“我”体会到这份工作的压力比“我”想象中的要大，父亲说这样的工作会让“我”懂得珍惜挣到的每一分钱并尊重从事劳动工作的人。
41．C 解析：考查动词。根据上文的“...I worked in a baking factory”可知，烘焙工厂自然应该“制作”蛋糕。C项意为“制作”，故C项正确。
42．A 解析：考查名词。根据本句的逻辑关系，its的逻辑主语Hough Bakeries是一家烘焙工厂的名字，根据常识可知，烘焙工厂要向它的门店供货。A项意为“商店”，故A项正确。
43．D 解析：考查形容词。根据该句中的during our spring break可知，这家烘焙工厂需要的只是假期临时工。D项意为“临时的”，故D项正确。
44．A 解析：考查名词。根据空前的for which可知，which 指代的应该是our spring break。所以空处所在句是说春假期间“我”除了听“我”最喜欢的唱片外没有别的“计划”。故A项正确。
45．B 解析：考查动词。根据第一段可知，“我”最终在这家烘焙工厂工作了。结合该句中的minimum wage可知，“我”会挣最低的工资。故B项正确。
46．A 解析：考查动词。下文一系列的描写性语言如“Place cakes on a moving belt...”正是对一家工厂的日常运作情况的描写，故此处表示“我”会看到一家工厂是如何工作的。A项意为“工作”，故A项正确。
47．B 解析：考查名词。根据该句中的“My parents thought all of this was a grand idea...”可知，“我”的父母认为这是个好主意，于是“准许”了并给“我”朋友的父亲打了电话。B项意为“准许”，故B项正确。
48．C 解析：考查名词。根据空处所在句中的“...in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt.”以及下文一系列对动作的描写可知，此处表示“我们”在工厂的角色很简单。C项意为“角色”，故C项正确。
49．D 解析：考查动词。根据该段上文中的“Place cakes on a moving belt”可知，此处表达的意思与其相呼应，表示把蛋糕从传送带上“取下来”。D项意为“移开，取走”，故D项正确。
50．A 解析：考查形容词比较级。根据本段最后一句中的“...it was all a little more high pressure than...”可以判断，工厂实际的工作强度比“我”想象中的大。由此可知，空处所在句是说工作要比听上去更难。A项意为“更困难的”，故A项正确。
51．B 解析：考查动词短语。根据该句中的a bit and the cakes pile up并结合常识可知，工人的动作如果稍微慢下来，蛋糕就会堆积起来。B项意为“慢下来”，故B项正确。
52．C 解析：考查动词。根据上文可知，“我”原以为在烘焙工厂的工作会很简单，但其实工作的压力比想象的要大。再结合该句中的“...it was all a little more high pressure than...”可以判断，C项符合语境，意为“预计，预料”。
53．B 解析：考查动词。根据下句中的“The son of a grocer，he'd spent the summers of his childhood...”可知，“我”的父亲儿时也曾经在暑期打工。他对这种工作深有体会，所以在“我”讲述第一天工作的感受时，父亲笑了。B项符合父亲的心境。故B项正确。
54．D 解析：考查动词。根据上文的描述可知，“我”的父亲也做过暑假工，所以这里说的应是父亲具体做什么工作。D项意为“传送”，符合该处语境。
55．D 解析：考查动词。根据该句中的“...respect those who did the work，he told me.”可知，父亲在说这种工作能教会人什么道理，再结合常识可知，此处表示这种工作能让你“珍惜”自己挣到的钱。故D项正确。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者做志愿者的一次经历。在志愿活动的过程中，作者先是在高温下负重前行，接着又搭建阶梯，后来又被困在暴雨中。但作者克服困难，最终使自己变得更强大。
36．D 解析：根据空前一句“Last year I decided to do some volunteer work.”和空后的on the Internet and discovered Volunteer USA可知，作者决定参加志愿工作，并在网络上研究。calculate意为“计算”；negotiate意为“协商”；advertise意为“登广告；为……打广告”；research意为“研究”。故选D。
37．D 解析：根据后文作者确实开始了志愿工作可知，此处不是想象，introduce表示“介绍”，代入句子，不符合语境。下文还提到作者在飞机上是担心的，故也可排除C项。所以，此处表达的是，“发现”自己已经登上了飞往亚利桑那凤凰城的飞机。
38．C 解析：根据下文at the thought of living with loads of new people for three months和my worries had gone可知，一想到要和一群陌生人一起生活三个月，作者就感到害怕(scared)。scared和worries构成语义上的并列关系。annoyed意为“烦恼的”；surprised意为“吃惊的”；scared意为“害怕的”；excited意为“兴奋的”。
39．A 解析：根据下文的“Everyone was so...like minded”和feel at home可知，作者接触到了其他的志愿者，感觉跟在家一样自在，表明这是在到达(arriving)目的地十五分钟之内发生的事情。
40．B 解析：根据上文“我”的担心消失了及下文的like minded和feel at home可知，大家都很友好(friendly)。confident意为“自信的”；friendly意为“友好的”；energetic意为“精力充沛的”；curious意为“好奇的”。
41．D 解析：根据上文可知，所有人都很友好，志趣相投，因此此处表达的是，很容易(easy)让人有宾至如归的感觉。
42．B 解析：根据文章最后一句中的for having taken part in the project可知答案选B。tour意为“旅行”；project意为“项目”；campaign意为“活动”；course意为“课程”。
43．C 解析：根据下文的with a heavy pack可知，作者需要负重前行，携带(carry)所需的一切东西前往工作的地方。故选C。
44．C 解析：根据后面的转折“但是在35度的高温下背着很重的东西，我的腿火辣辣地疼”可知，此处表达的是，尽管只有三英里的路程，看似并不长(long)。
45．A 解析：根据下文的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，作者的工作是用岩石建造(build)一个阶梯。故选A。
46．D 解析：根据上文可知，作者的工作是修建阶梯，下文表示的是，在山的一侧爬上爬下。由此可推断，此处是对作者修建阶梯的工作的解释。故用mean(意味着)。
47．C 解析：根据上文“they were only heard”可知，作者只听到美洲狮的声音，却不会见到它们。
48．A 解析：根据上文“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，阶梯建成了。由常识和语境可知，对这个成果作者有极大的满足感(satisfaction)。satisfaction意为“满足”；ambition意为“野心；抱负”；expectation意为“预期；期望”；intention意为“意图”。故选A。
49．A 解析：根据第三段的第一句“My job was to...”和上文中的“a beautiful stairway came into being”可知，修建阶梯是作者的工作，知道自己的工作成果将会在未来的很多年里出现在那个山坡上，这给作者带来了巨大的满足感。work在此是“作品；工作成果”的意思。
50．B 解析：根据下文“I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool in my tent.”可知，作者一行人在最后一晚“遭遇”了雷雨。be caught in意为“遭遇；陷入”。故选B。
51．D 解析：根据下文“I had to spend the rest of the night trembling”可知，后半夜作者冻得瑟瑟发抖。由此可知，温度很低，接近“冰点”。boiling意为“沸点”；average意为“平均”；normal意为“正常”；freezing意为“冰点”。故选D。
52．B 解析：根据上文可知，作者一行人遭遇了雷雨，帐篷像游泳池一样，所以作者只能蜷缩在帐篷干燥的(dry)那一小部分。故选B。
53．C 解析：根据上文作者的遭遇：在美洲狮栖息的山坡上修建阶梯和夜晚遭遇雷雨、帐篷漏水可知，这里应是承接上文，表示毋庸置疑(Needless to say)，作者在参与志愿活动项目期间吃了很多苦。by the way意为“顺便说一下”；regardless of that意为“不管；不顾”；needless to say意为“毋庸置疑”；in either case意为“不论发生何种情况”。故选C。
54．A 解析：根据上文作者在参与志愿活动项目时吃了很多苦，但是都坚持了下来可知，作者知道，无论在生活中要面对什么，他都“挺过来”了。survive在此意为“熬过；挺过”。resist意为“反抗”；escape意为“逃离”；recover意为“恢复”。
55．B 解析：根据上文可知，各种困难作者都坚持下来了，所以该项目使得作者更强大(stronger)了。
五、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲买东西付钱时发现差大约三美元，这时一位好心的陌生人帮助母亲把放回去的东西买了回来。作者的母亲想要归还买东西的钱，但那位好心人没有接受。母亲深受感动，并且决定把这份爱心传递下去。
36．D 解析：考查名词。根据下文的“she likes to go to a nearby store to __38__ some small things she needs”和“Last week she walked up to the store”可知，此处是指，除非“我”不在城里，否则每周“我”都带母亲去“购物”和看病。shopping 意为“购物”，故选D。exercise意为“运动；练习”；housework意为“家务劳动；家务事”；cooking意为“烹饪； 食物”。
37．C 解析：考查名词。根据第一段第一句“My mother is 92.”及空后的and transportation可知，因为母亲年龄大了，所以作者需要“陪着”她去买东西和看病。company意为“陪伴；做伴”，故选C。 reward意为“回报”；medicine意为“医学；药”；shelter意为“遮蔽物，庇护所”。
38．D 解析：考查动词。根据空处所在句的“she likes to go to a nearby store to __38__ some small things she needs”可知，此处是指在工作日，母亲想去附近的商店“买”一些她需要的小东西。buy意为“购买”，故选D。 return意为“退还；返回”；collect意为“收集”；order意为“预订；命令”。
39．A 解析：考查形容词。根据空后的“The only __40__ to pay for the groceries was to take off...”及下文内容可知，此处是指上周母亲去商店买东西，付钱时却发现自己的钱“差”大约三美元。short意为“不足；短缺”，故选A。 cautious意为“小心的，谨慎的”；wrong意为“错误的”；concerned意为“担心的”。
40．B 解析：考查名词。根据上文可知，母亲在买完东西付钱时发现自己差大约三美元；且根据空后的“to pay for the groceries was to take off the __41__ she could do without”可知，此处是指买到货品的唯一“办法”就是把她可以不用的东西拿走。way意为“方法”，故选B。aim意为“目标”；advice意为“建议”；reason意为“理由”。
41．B 解析：考查名词。根据空后的“she could do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知，此处是指她可以不用的“东西”。 thing意为“东西”，故选B。weight意为“重量”；mask意为“面具；面罩”；glass意为“玻璃杯”。
42．C 解析：考查动词。根据上文内容可知，母亲在付钱时发现自己差大约三美元，需要拿走两样她可以不用的东西，身上的钱才能支付剩余的东西的费用。bring the new total to the amount of cash she had with her可理解为“总额和她身上的现金就对上了”，故选C。raise意为“举起；升起”；add意为“添加”；switch意为“转换”。
43．C 解析：考查动词短语。根据空后的“and then go off to the side”可知，此处是指人们“结账离开”。 check out意为“结账离开”，故选C。show up意为“出现；现身”；call in意为“请来，顺路拜访”；sit down意为“坐下”。
44．D 解析：考查动词。根据常识和空后的their own groceries以及下一句“My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags...”可知，此处是指人们结账离开后就到一边把自己的东西装进袋子里。bag意为“把……装进袋子”，故选D。store意为“储存”；select意为“选择”；deliver意为“递送”。
45．A 解析：考查名词。根据下文的内容可知，母亲并不知道那位女士的名字，所以此处是指一位“陌生人”朝她走过来。stranger意为“陌生人”，故选A。 cashier意为“收银员”；friend意为“朋友”；doctor意为“医生”。
46．D 解析：考查动词短语。根据上文的“take off the __41__ she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap”可知，母亲把医用酒精和香皂放回去，身上的钱才够支付剩余的东西的费用，所以此处是指这时一个陌生人走过来对她说：“这是你放回去的东西”。put back意为“放回去”，故选D。look for意为“寻找”；talk about意为“谈论”；throw away意为“扔掉”。
47．B 解析：考查名词。根据上文的“take off the __41__ she could do without：a bottle of rubbing alcohol (医用酒精) and a bar of soap”可知，此处是指递给母亲医用酒精和“肥皂”。soap意为“肥皂”，故选B。receipt意为“收据”；cash意为“现金”；bottle意为“瓶子”。
48．A 解析：考查动词。根据上文可知，母亲并不认识那位给她东西的女士，所以此处是指母亲“询问”那位女士的姓名和地址。 ask意为“问”，故选A。wait意为“等待”；care意为“关心”；search意为“搜寻；寻找”。
49．A 解析：考查动词。根据上文及常识可知，那位女士帮助母亲把放回去的东西又买了回来，所以此处是指母亲问那位女士的姓名和地址，以便她能把钱还给那位女士。repay意为“归还；偿还”，故选A。trust意为“信任”；recognize意为“认识；认出”；help意为“帮助”。
50．C 解析：考查名词。根据上下文语境可知，那位女士并没有透露自己的姓名和地址，让母亲归还买东西的钱，所以此处是指那位女士告诉母亲这是她的“礼物”。gift意为“礼物”，故选C。luck意为“幸运；运气”；chance意为“可能性；机会”；turn意为“转动；转弯；(依次轮到的)机会”。
51．C 解析：考查形容词。根据上文可知，那位女士无私地提供了帮助，所以此处是指母亲深受“感动”。touched意为“受感动的”，故选C。surprised意为“惊讶的”；amused意为“有趣的”；convinced意为“确信的；深信的”。
52．A 解析：考查连词短语。根据语境及空后的“the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough __53__ for all of their groceries”可知，此处是指母亲决定回到商店里，给收银员一张五美元的钞票，以防止其他人没有足够的钱买所有的东西的事情再次发生。 in case意为“以防万一”，故选A。even if意为“即使”；as though意为“好像”；so that意为“以便”。
53．B 解析：考查名词。根据上文的“she was __39__ about three dollars”可知，此处是指买东西的时候“钱”不够。money意为“钱”，故选B。energy意为“能量，精力”；space意为“空间”；time意为“时间”。
54．C 解析：考查名词。根据语境可知，那位女士帮助母亲买了放回去的东西，这是一种充满善意的行为。kindness意为“善良”，故选C。 faith意为“信任”；courage意为“勇气”；honor意为“荣誉”。
55．A 解析：考查动词短语。根据文章内容及常识可知，母亲得到了陌生人的帮助，她应是感到快乐的。make sb's day意为“使某人一天非常快乐”，故选A。
专题九 语法填空
一、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生态旅游的起源以及人们在生态旅游时应该遵循的原则。
61．educated 解析：考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，become是系动词，此处应用形容词作表语，become educated about...意为“开始接受关于……的教育”。故填educated。
62．development 解析：考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处应使用名词作benefit的宾语。
63．its 解析：考查代词。origin为名词，其前应用形容词性物主代词。
64．until/till 解析：考查介词。not...until/till意为“直到……才”。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。
65．the 解析：考查冠词。分析句意可知，此处特指生态旅游日益流行。故填定冠词the。
66．of 解析：考查介词。various types of是固定短语，表示“各种类型的”。
67．visiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词of的后面接名词或动词 ing形式，visit的动词 ing形式为visiting。
68．financial 解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作定语，修饰名词aid，故用finance的形容词形式。
69．Activities 解析：考查名词的单复数。此处缺少主语，且由谓语动词range可知，主语是复数形式。activity的复数形式为activities。空处位于句首，单词的首字母要大写。
70．to have 解析：考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。
二、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者骑租来的自行车游览中国悠久历史中幸存下来最完整的城墙——西安古城墙的一次美好经历。
61．was built 解析：考查动词的语态和时态。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，与主语it构成动宾关系，故用被动语态；且根据常识可知，城墙是过去建造的，故用一般过去时，故填was built。
62．in 解析：考查介词。表示“在……朝代”应用介词in。
63．to walk 解析：考查固定句型。分析句子可知，此处是固定句型“It is＋adj.＋(for sb.) to do sth.”，It是形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。
64．spending 解析：考查非谓语动词。空前的After为介词，后应接动词 ing形式。故填spending。
65．better 解析：考查形容词的比较级。分析句子结构，且根据空后的than可知，空处应用good的比较级。
66．hired 解析：考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，此句描述的是过去的情况，故用一般过去时。
67．but 解析：考查连词。根据空处前后的句意可知，“自行车又旧又摇晃”与“能骑”之间是转折关系。故用表转折的连词but。
68．the 解析：考查冠词。all the way为固定短语，意为“一直，一路上”。
69．watchtowers 解析：考查名词的单复数。并列连词and连接的词在形式上应保持一致，and前的gates是名词的复数形式，故空处应用所给词的复数形式watchtowers。
70．daily 解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词routines应用形容词形式，daily routine为固定搭配，意为“日常生活”。
三、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了中华十大名山之一，天下第一奇山——黄山的迷人景色。
56．What 解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子成分可知，________is so breathtaking about the experience是主语从句，空处在从句中作主语，表达“……的东西或事”，且位于句首。故填What。
57．humans 解析：考查名词的数。空处是we的同位语，单复数应保持一致，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填humans。
58．undoubtedly 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，修饰动词help，所以用副词形式。故填undoubtedly。
59．hotter 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，意为“越……，越……”。故填hotter。
60．astonished 解析：考查词性转换。此处为“leave＋宾语＋形容词(作宾补)”结构。空处说明的是宾语us的状态，所以用 ed形式的形容词astonished，意为“感到惊讶的”。
61．was 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由then以及语境可知，这里描述的是“……对当时的人们来说，把那些石头放在正确的位置是多么困难”，所以句子的时态应为一般过去时。又因主语是it，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，所以用was。
62．and 解析：考查连词。根据句意以及空格后的动词offers与前面的动词highlights构成并列关系，所以用and。
63．aching/achy 解析：考查非谓语动词/词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空处可填一个非谓语动词，逻辑主语legs与ache为主谓关系，故用现在分词形容状态。或者用形容词achy作定语修饰legs。
64．mine 解析：考查代词。由上文所说的in the visitor's memory可知，in ________对应的是in my memory，空处指的是“我的记忆”，故填mine。
65．a 解析：考查冠词。在这里must作可数名词，意为“必须做(或看、买等)的事”，a must在文中指“一个(必游之地)”，且must的发音是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
四、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了农村地区的BIM相比城市地区上升得太快，主要是因为农村人口的生活方式不太健康，受教育程度不是很高。
56．and 解析：考查连词。分析句子可知，此空前后连接两个that引导的宾语从句，且根据句意可知，前后两个从句是并列关系，故填并列连词and。
57．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，而先行词tool为物，故此处要填关系代词that或which。
58．person's 解析：考查名词所有格。此空后接名词，且根据句意“它的计算方法是用一个人的体重公斤数除以身高米数的平方……”，故此处填person的所有格形式。
59．is considered 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此空是句子的谓语；根据前半句的It is可判断时态为一般现在时，且根据句意可知，BMI与consider之间为动宾关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。
60．by 解析：考查介词。根据第一段和上文的a BMI of between 19 and 25可知，这里是说在1985年至2017年间，农村女性和男性的平均BMI值“增加了”2.1，故此处填介词by。
61．was 解析：考查动词的时态。此处是在讲1985年至2017年间城市中人们BMI值增加的情况，是描述过去发生的事情，且上一句描述当时农村情况时用一般过去时，空处所在句也应用一般过去时，故填was。
62．studied 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，该句谓语动词为had，故此空填非谓语动词形式，作countries的后置定语；而countries与study之间为动宾关系，故填studied。
63．sharply 解析：考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词had narrowed，应用副词sharply。
64．living 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应填live的非谓语动词形式，此处作people的后置定语；而people与live之间为主谓关系，故填living。
65．lower 解析：考查形容词比较级。此处and连接三个并列结构，形式应保持一致；由higher与fewer可知，此处应填low的比较级lower。
五、
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国第16任总统亚伯拉罕·林肯位于伊利诺伊州的斯普林菲尔德的市中心的故居。
56．has proved/has proven 解析：考查动词的时态。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应用现在完成时。主语Lincoln's home是第三人称单数形式，且与所给词为主谓关系，故应填has proved或has proven。
57．for 解析：考查介词。“buy sth. for＋价格”为固定搭配，表示“以……价钱购买某物”。
58．marriage 解析：考查词性转换。由形容词性物主代词their及名词ceremony可判断，此处应用名词。marry的名词形式为marriage。 perform one's marriage ceremony意为“担任某人婚礼的司仪”。
59．smaller 解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处应用所给词的比较级。
60．was painted 解析：考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。主语home为第三人称单数形式，和动词paint之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态。且由上下文时态可知，该句应用一般过去时。
61．herself 解析：考查反身代词。根据语境可知，此处是指她的房子是她自己的写照，故用反身代词herself。
62．neither 解析：考查连词。由空后的nor和was可推断出，此处应填neither。neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。
63．to plant 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式(短语)来表示目的。句意：Mary的姐姐Frances经常短暂地来访，去前院种些花。
64．The 解析：考查冠词。定冠词the用在姓氏复数前，这种用法表示“一家人”。
65．sold 解析：考查动词的时态。由空前的and和rented可知，空处应填sell的过去式sold。
