2026版《决胜蓝图》专题四 1 第一讲 动 词（课件）英语高考大二轮专题复习
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| 名称 | 2026版《决胜蓝图》专题四 1 第一讲 动 词（课件）英语高考大二轮专题复习 |
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| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.3MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
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(共127张PPT)
专题四 语法填空
——悉贯通，迎刃破万竹
[近3年考情分析]
考试 年份 试卷 名称 考查 体裁 主题 语境 文章 话题 命题考点 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名词 形容词、 副词 代词 数词 冠词 介词 并列 连词 从句引
导词
2024 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 人与 社会 英国“丝路花园”的整体设计 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 1 0 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 说明文 人与 社会 纪念汤显祖的凉亭在莎士比亚的故乡建立 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
浙江卷1月 新闻 报道 人与社会 营销手段 2 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 2
考试年份 试卷 名称 考查 体裁 主题 语境 文章 话题 命题考点 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名词 形容词、 副词 代词 数词 冠词 介词 并列 连词 从句引
导词
2023 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 人与 社会 中国美食小笼包 0 4 0 2 1 0 1 1 1 0
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 记叙文 人与 自我 教熊猫饲养员英语 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1 1 1
考试年份 试卷 名称 考查 体裁 主题 语境 文章 话题 命题考点 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名词 形容词、 副词 代词 数词 冠词 介词 并列 连词 从句引
导词
2022 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 人与自然 大熊猫国家公园 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 记叙文 人与自我 营救坠楼儿童 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1
[主题语境] 以“人与社会”为主
[体裁特点] 以说明文为主，记叙文为辅，议论文较少。字数在200～250词之间。话题往往涉及中国元素、文化交融。 句式结构趋于复杂，长难句频现。
[设空特点] 十处设空。设空处全面考查语法知识，设空方式较为灵活。更加灵活地考查词汇知识，也会涉及熟词生义。
1．通读全文，了解大意，把握结构，理清逻辑。
(1)快速浏览全文，尤其要认真阅读文章首句，把握文章大意和作者的写作意图并确定总体时态；
(2)边读边填，看句答题，标出做题依据，避难就易。依据如下：①固定搭配；②固定句式结构；③根据语法定形式；④根据分析定词性。
(3)通读全文，二次分析，攻克难题；
(4)重读全文，仔细核查，保障语法正确、语意贯通。
2．检查审读，确保文意通顺，并复查拼写是否正确、书写是否规范、大小写是否准确。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens.This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
【2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ】
The latest 56.____________(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57.____________(function) structure that is also beautiful.The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).These sepals open on warm days 58.____________(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather, the structure stays 59.____________(close) to protect the plants.
engineering
functional
to give
closed
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60.____________(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61.____________ first time.These plants included modern Western 62.____________(favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel.The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road.The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
walks
the
favourites
The Glasshouse stands 63.____________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64.____________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65.____________(rich) of gardening in England.
as
that/which
richness
【解题流程】
速览全文，明大意
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室。
边读边填，找依据
56.根据语法定形式：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的名词techniques，作定语，说明名词的作用，应用动词 -ing形式。
57.根据分析定词性：考查形容词。空处与protective并列，修饰空后的名词structure，应用形容词形式。
58.根据语法定形式：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式。
59.根据分析定词性：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空前的stays为系动词，空处作表语，意为“关闭的”，应用形容词形式。
60.根据语法定形式：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语；本句描述了the Silk Route Garden的客观情况，时态应用一般现在时；walk与主语the Silk Route Garden之间为主动关系，应用主动语态。主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
61.固定搭配：考查冠词。for the first time为固定搭配，意为“第一次”。
62.根据语法定形式：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词included的宾语，空前的modern Western作定语，空处应用名词形式；根据空后的“such as rosemary, lavender and fennel”可知，空处应用复数。
63.根据分析定词性：考查介词。根据语境可知，空处意为“作为”，应用介词。
64.固定句式结构：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词短语the Silk Route，关系词在从句中作主语。
65.根据分析定词性：考查名词。空处跟在定冠词the之后，且空后的of gardening对空处进行限定，空处应用名词形式。
审读检查，保准确
通读文章，确保文意通顺，复查书写是否规范，拼写是否准确，大小写是否准确。
第一讲 动 词
如何判定作谓语动词还是非谓语动词
根据句法结构，如果一个句子中出现多个动词，动词的形式有三种情况。
因此，可以用句式分析法，标注出已有的谓语动词及并列连词或从句引导词，从而判断空处是作谓语动词还是非谓语动词。
【策略实践】——单句语法填空并判断其句法功能
1．The fascinating Comics 2022—Chengdu Excellent Cartoon and Animation Works Exhibition, co -hosted by the China Cultural Center in Sydney and Chengdu Municipal Bureau of Culture, Broadcast -TV and Tourism, ______________ (present) more than 80 original artworks from Chengdu.
presents
2．Rough weaving tools and bone needles ____________ (unearth) from the site, indicating that Jiahu residents may have processed basic weaving and sewing skills 8，500 years ago.
were unearthed
3．First ____________ (publish) in December 2017, the novel shows a wide range of Chinese people from different walks of life, from constructors to start up founders, to examine the huge influence brought by the changes of Chinese society.
published
4．Meanwhile, some architects are drawing inspiration from skywells to help keep new buildings cooler, which is a method ____________ (combine) design and technology to cool a building without the use of power.
combining
CONTENTS
目 录
高频考点一
01
高频考点二
02
当堂即练 精准提升
03
01
高频考点一
高频考点一 谓语动词
考查方向 解题思路
语法填空对谓语动词的考查侧重于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时的时态、语态和主谓一致；偶有考查过去完成时及包含情态动词的被动语态。
(一)时 态
有的放矢，标志词明鉴秋毫
动词的时态可以根据时态标志词或时间状语轻松判断。常见的标志词如下：
1．一般现在时：sometimes、every week/day/year/morning、 often、 always、 usually、 seldom、 now and then等；
2．一般过去时：once upon a time、 yesterday、 last week/month/year、 just now、 the other day、 时间段＋ago、 时间段＋later、 in＋过去的年份等；
3．现在完成时：lately、 recently、 so/by far、 by now、 up to now、 until now、 in/during/over the past/last few＋时间段、 in/over recent＋时间段、 since＋过去的时间点、 ever since等；
4．过去完成时：by＋过去的时间、 by then、 by/before the end of＋过去的时间点、 until then、 before＋过去的时间点等；
5．一般将来时：tomorrow、 next week/month/year、 in (the coming) ＋时间段、 upcoming、 in the future等；
6．现在进行时：Look！、Listen！、now、 at present、 at this moment/time/minute等；
7．过去进行时：at that moment/time/minute、 then等；
8．将来进行时：at this time/moment tomorrow 等。
时态：____________
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语long ago可知，空处应用一般过去时；use与主语Fountain pens之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语Fountain pens是复数，系动词be应用were。
were used
一般过去时
am living
现在进行时
时态：____________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Now可知，空处应用现在进行时；主语为I，系动词be应用am。
时态：____________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the last two years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语some supermarkets是复数，助动词应用have。
have started
现在完成时
上挂下连，时态可由语境定
1．语境提示定时态：如果没有时间标志词或者具体的时间状语，就要联系上下文、前后句中的时态，看看动作是否同时发生或者先后发生，确定空处的时态。
2．主句从句相对应：在宾语从句中，主句如果用一般过去时，从句也应用一般过去时，若从句描述客观事实或真理，则用一般现在时；在时间、条件状语从句中，动词的时态遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来；在when引导的时间状语从句中，主句和从句的时态通常一致。
时态：____________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语“Some of the things”是复数，系动词be应用were。
were
一般过去时
时态：________________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该空在宾语从句中作谓语。结合主句的时态可知，宾语从句的时态也用一般现在时；主语neat handwriting是第三人称单数，系动词be应用is。
is
一般现在时
瞻前顾后，平行结构定时态
并列连词连接的平行结构中连接的对等的词或结构，可以作为判断时态的依据。
1．表示并列平行结构的连词：and、 but、 or、 both...and...、either...or...、neither...nor...、 not only...but (also)...等。
2．同一主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词的时态要保持一致。
时态：________________
解析：考查动词的时态。根据and可知，空处和went构成并列关系，应用一般过去时。
jogged
一般过去时
时态：________________
解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处和planned是由and连接的并列谓语动词，应用一般过去时。
arranged
一般过去时
(二)语 态
牢记判断步骤
1．确定主语；
2．判断主语和动词之间的关系：如果主语是动作的发出者，则用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。
主动形式表示被动含义
当sell、read、draw、wash、write、open、wear、run、burn等动词后有状语(well、easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
单句语法填空
1. (2024·北京卷)On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ____________ (name) the world's oldest living man.
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语John Tinniswood为第三人称单数，系动词be应用was。
was named
2．(2024·浙江卷1月)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
解析：考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，offer与主语they之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词could后应用动词原形。
be offered
3．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The GPNP ________________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语，与句子主语The GPNP之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；此处叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语The GPNP为单数，系动词be应用is。
is designed
(三)主谓一致
语法一致原则
1．主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；
2．主语为单个动词不定式(短语)、动词 ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词用单数形式；
3．主语为复数名词或两个及以上动词不定式(短语)、动词 ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词用复数形式；
4．在定语从句中，关系代词that、 who、 which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数与其先行词的数保持一致。
就近一致原则
就近一致原则是指谓语动词与最近的名词保持数的一致，常用结构或句型如下：
1．either...or...、 neither...nor...、 not only...but (also)...、 not...but...等并列连词连接主语；
2．there/here be 句型。
就远一致原则
在“名词＋介词(短语)＋名词”结构中，谓语动词与离得远的第一个名词，即句子的主语保持数的一致。介词(短语)包括：with、along with、together with、as well as、like、except、rather than、in addition to、 including 等。
意义一致原则
1．由连词and连接的并列主语(在意义上指同一人、同一物或者同一概念)时，谓语动词用单数形式；
2．表示“时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积”等名词的复数作主语时，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。
1．“a number of ＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of ＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；
2．“more than one＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；
3．被every、each、many a、no、either、neither等限定的名词作主语时，即使由and连接，谓语动词也应用单数形式。
单句语法填空
1. (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017.Two years later, a six- meter- tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ____________(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
was built
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时；主语是a six meter- tall pavilion，与build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为单数，系动词be应用was。
2．(2024·全国甲卷)They ____________(be) part of a 15 -member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意及定语从句的时态可知，本句时态也为一般过去时；主语是They，系动词be应用were。
were
3．(2022·北京卷)Gas naturally ____________(have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Gas指气体的统称，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
has
02
高频考点二
高频考点二 非谓语动词
考查方向 解题思路
非谓语动词作宾语、状语、补足语和定语是语法填空的高频考点；非谓语动词作表语和主语较少考查。
(注：否定形式直接在各种形式前面加not)
非谓语动词作状语和宾语补足语
(一)非谓语动词作状语
1．动词不定式作状语
(1)动词不定式可以用作目的状语；
(2)only to do sth.为动词不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果；
(3)形容词或过去分词作表语时，后接动词不定式作状语，常见的这类词有happy、lucky、anxious、proud、disappointed、surprised、delighted、foolish、pleased、fortunate等；
(4)牢记“主语＋系动词＋表语(adj.)＋to do”句式，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
2．分词作状语
(1)动词 -ing形式作状语：
①句子的主语是分词动作的发出者， 用动词- ing形式；
②表示伴随、时间或条件等要用动词 -ing形式；
③表示自然而然的结果用动词 -ing形式。
(2)过去分词作状语：
句子的主语是分词动作的承受者，则用过去分词。
(二)非谓语动词作宾语补足语
1．动词不定式作宾语补足语
常用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell、 order、 allow、 permit、 enable、 persuade、 force、 warn、 encourage、 ask、 invite、 expect等。
2．分词作宾语补足语
(1)动词- ing形式作宾语补足语表示主动、进行；
(2)过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动、完成；
(3)常用过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have、make、get、leave、find、see、notice、watch、hear、feel、want、like等。
4．with 复合结构
(1)“with＋宾语＋to do”表示动作还未发生；
(2)“with＋宾语＋doing”表示主动或动作正在进行；
(3)“with＋宾语＋done”表示被动或动作已经完成。
单句语法填空
1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ____________ (find) the connection between the two great writers.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作原因状语。
to find
2．(2023·全国乙卷)________________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co -existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，且visit与主句主语I之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；再根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，空处应用动词 -ing形式的完成时作状语，且单词应位于句首，首字母应大写。
Having visited
3．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____________(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语，lift out与宾语them之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用动词不定式的被动式。
to be lifted
4．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left ____________(want) more next time.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“leave sb.＋宾语补足语”结构。本句为被动语态，空处应作主语补足语，且I与want之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词- ing形式。
wanting
5．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Oranges：Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times ____________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“see sb.＋宾语补足语”结构，空处应用非谓语动词，且them(orange trees)与decorate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用动词 -ed形式作宾语补足语。
decorated
非谓语动词作定语
1．动词不定式作定语
(1)表示动作还没有发生时用to do；
(2)句中含有first、second、last等序数词以及形容词最高级(＋名词)时，用动词不定式作后置定语；
(3)抽象名词ability、attempt等后常用动词不定式作后置定语。
2．分词作定语
(1)动词- ing形式作定语：
①动词- ing形式作定语表示主动、正在进行；
②若表示被动且正在发生的动作，用being done结构；
③动词 -ing形式的形容词，意为“令人……的”。
(2)过去分词作定语：
①过去分词作定语表示被动、完成；
②过去分词形式的形容词，意为“(人)感到……的”。
单句语法填空
1. (2024·浙江卷1月) If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
解析： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，且design和packs之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词- ed形式作后置定语。
designed
2．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ____________(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，且Chinese zookeepers与visit之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词- ing形式作前置定语，意为“来访的”。
visiting
3．(2022·全国甲卷)A visually -challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step ____________(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，且step前有序数词first修饰，应用动词不定式作后置定语。
to journey
非谓语动词作宾语
1．只跟动词 -ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)
喜欢考虑不避免(enjoy、 consider、 escape、 avoid)
不禁放弃太冒险(cannot help、 give up、 risk)
感激承认很值得(appreciate、 admit、 be worth)
介意想象莫推延(mind、 imagine、 delay、 put off)
允许完成是期望(allow、 permit、 finish、 look forward to)
建议继续勤操练(suggest、 go on、 practise)
致力原谅要坚持(be devoted to、 excuse、 insist on)
继续成功不错过(keep on、 succeed in、 miss)
2．只跟动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)
三个希望两答应(hope、 wish、 expect、 agree、 promise)
两个要求莫拒绝(demand、 ask、 refuse)
设法学会做决定(manage、 learn、 decide/determine)
不要假装在选择(pretend、 choose/select)
打算提出一计划(intend、 offer、 plan)
申请失败负担起(apply、 fail、 afford)
准备愿望又碰巧(prepare、 desire、 happen)
3．作介词的宾语用动词 ing形式
(1)介词后跟动词 -ing形式作宾语；
(2)but/except后跟动词不定式作宾语，若前面有实义动词do时，动词不定式就要省略to。
单句语法填空
1. (2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
解析：考查非谓语动词。“tend to do...”为固定搭配，意为“倾向于做……”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语。
to catch
2．(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ____________ (record) everything I discovered.
解析：考查非谓语动词。“spend time (in)doing...”为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做……”，空处应用动词 -ing形式作宾语。
recording
非谓语动词作主语和表语
1．作主语
(1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用动词 ing形式还是动词不定式作主语；
(2)掌握用动词 -ing形式/动词不定式作主语的句型：
①It is/was＋形容词 (＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.；
②It is no use/good doing sth.；
③It takes sb. some time to do sth.；
④It's worthwhile to do/doing sth.
2．作表语
非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词- ing形式、过去分词和动词不定式。
(1)动词- ing形式作表语，修饰物，意为“令人感到……的”；
(2)过去分词作表语，修饰人，意为“人感到……的”；
(3)动词不定式作表语，表示将来或目的。
单句语法填空
1．(2022·浙江卷1月改编)____________(travel) to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为is viewed，空处应用动词- ing形式作主语，且单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
Travelling
2．(2022·北京卷改编)It's easy ____________(explain) how we determine whether smells are dangerous or not: we learn.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，It 为形式主语，真正的主语应为动词不定式。
to explain
3．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ改编)The GPNP's main goal is ____________(improve) connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
解析：考查非谓语动词。表示“目标”的词汇，如aim、goal、target等作主语时，通常用动词不定式作表语。
to improve
03
当堂即练 精准提升
Ⅰ.挑战地道外刊(侧重谓语动词)
题源：The Wall Street Journal 2024.07.10
Many people dream of becoming social -media stars. But for most who 1.____________(pursue) careers as content creators, just making ends meet is a lofty goal.
pursue
A famous blogger 2.____________(be) a full -time creator for three years, posting videos on website. Despite having more than 400，000 followers, and 3.____________(post) that average 100，000 views, his income last year was less than the median annual pay for full time US workers in 2023.
Earning 4.___ decent, reliable income as a social -media creator is a slog—and it's getting harder. Platforms 5._______________(provide) less money for popular posts and brands are being pickier about what they want out of sponsorship deals.
has been
posts
a
are providing
They need to 6.____________(constant) produce compelling posts or risk losing momentum.They spend their days planning, filming 7.____________ editing posts while also 8.____________(work) to make inroads with advertisers and interacting with fans.
constantly
and
working
Like other self -employed professionals, creators don't get paid time off, healthcare benefits, retirement contributions and other perks 9.____________ companies typically provide for their workers. Creators, meanwhile, 10.____________(have) a tougher time attracting viewers, thanks to algorithm changes and other factors beyond their control.
【解题导语】 流量时代，越来越多的人选择做自媒体博主，希望能够依靠自己的努力获得一份丰厚的收入，但这绝非易事且变得越来越困难。
that/which
are having
1．pursue 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此空为句子的谓语，陈述事实，应用一般现在时；逻辑主语who被most修饰，谓语动词应用复数。
2．has been 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语for three years可知，应用现在完成时；主语为A famous blogger，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。
3．posts 解析：考查名词。空处指的是那位著名的博主所发布的帖子，post意为“帖子”时，为可数名词，根据定语从句中的average可知，此处应用复数。
4．a 解析：考查冠词。空处修饰名词income，表示“一份……的收入”，应用不定冠词a。
5．are providing 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列句，and前后的两个并列句应该用同一时态；逻辑主语platforms是复数，谓语动词应用复数。
6．constantly 解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词produce，应用副词。
7．and 解析：考查连词。空处指的是网络达人需要做的事，为并列动作，应用连词and。
8．working 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是while引导的状语从句，主语与主句主语一致，因此省略从句主语和be动词，此处主语与work之间为主动关系，应用动词 -ing形式。
9．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为perks，空处在从句中作宾语，且指代物，应用that/which。
10．are having 解析：考查动词的时态。分析上下文语境并根据时间状语meanwhile可知，空处应用现在进行时表示正在发生的状态，此处表示“正在经历一段更加困难时期”。
Ⅱ.模拟实战演练
A
(2024·长沙一中最后一卷)China's “ice city” Harbin in Northeast Heilongjiang Province has definitely become a tourism hotspot, 1.____________(attract) millions of tourists from home and abroad. Beyond the attraction of ice and snow tourism, the lesser- known 2.____________(diverse) and rich cultures of local ethnic (民族的) minority groups have also been brought under the spotlight.
attracting
diversity
At the tourist -packed Central Street, a street famous 3.____________ its Western architecture during different times in downtown Harbin, a group of Aoluguya Ewenki (敖鲁古雅鄂温克民族) people 4.____________(dress) in their ethnic costumes with seven reindeer (驯鹿) are singing their 5.____________(tradition) songs while walking down the street. Tourists crowd around them, 6.____________(excited) taking photos and videos.
for
dressed
traditional
excitedly
The Aoluguya Ewenki is the only ethnic group in China 7.____________ raises reindeer. According to media reports, sometimes people confuse the Ewenki people with the Oroqen people, one of 8.____________ smallest ethnic groups in China. The Aoluguya Ewenki decided to take advantage of the opportunity of Harbin's booming tourism industry 9.____________(show) their unique culture and identity to visitors from all over the country.
that/who
the
to show
Since the Aoluguya Ewenki people's public appearance, more and more local ethnic minority groups 10.____________(do) the same, with some from other parts of the nation even journeying to Harbin. “If you want to see China's rich multi -ethnic cultures, you should come to Harbin now，” netizens state encouragingly on social media.
have done
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国黑龙江省的“冰城”哈尔滨在冬天吸引了数百万国内外游客。除了冰雪旅游的吸引力，当地少数民族鲜为人知的多样性和丰富的文化也受到了关注。
1．attracting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语；逻辑主语Harbin与attract之间为主动关系，空处应用动词
-ing形式作状语。
2．diversity 解析：考查名词。第一步：确定是否考查词形转换。提示词为形容词，分析句子结构可知，空处与cultures并列作主语，因此应考虑词形转换。第二步：确定转换形式。空处在句中作主语，应用名词形式，且diversity意为“多样化”时，为不可数名词。
3．for 解析：考查介词。be famous for为固定搭配，意为“因……而著名”。
4．dressed 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，dress与逻辑主语people之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。
5．traditional 解析：考查形容词。第一步：确定是否考查词形转换。提示词为名词，空处在句中作定语修饰名词songs，因此应考虑词形转换。第二步：确定转换形式。根据语境及句子结构可知，空处应用形容词形式。
6．excitedly 解析：考查副词。第一步：确定是否考查词形转换。提示词为形容词，空处修饰非谓语动词taking，因此应考虑词形转换。第二步：确定转换形式。根据语境及句子结构可知，空处应用副词形式。
7．that/who 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是 the only ethnic group，在定语从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词that或who。
8．the 解析：考查冠词。根据空后的smallest ethnic groups可知，此处表示“中国最小的民族之一”，此处使用了形容词的最高级，空处应用定冠词the。
9．to show 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句子中作状语表示目的，应用动词不定式。
10．have done 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Since the Aoluguya Ewenki people's public appearance可知，应用现在完成时；主语是local ethnic minority groups，谓语动词应用复数。
B
(2024·湖北三模)For Chinese communities in Australia, Mid -Autumn Festival celebration is 1.____________ important part of their life.
an
Wayne Wong, as one of the new 2.____________(arrive) from China, is proud of his Chinese heritage. While 3.____________(get) used to the life in Australia, Wong and his wife still maintain their Chinese culture and heritage. Mid -Autumn Festival and Lunar New Year are as important to them in Australia as they 4.____________(be) in China, and will continue to be so. This year, their modest home were decorated with Osmanthus fragrans (桂花), 5.____________ Wong said could bring good luck and happiness. 6.____________ many Australians of Chinese descent, he celebrated Mid -Autumn Festival by having dinner with friends and eating mooncakes.
arrivals
getting
were
which
Like
For Chinese Australians, Mid- Autumn Festival keeps them 7.____________(connect) to their heritage and culture, said Mark Wang, CEO of the Museum of Chinese Australian History in Melbourne. His 8.____________(mother) ancestors arrived in Australia from China in the 1830s, just before the Gold Rush which saw thousands of Chinese make the journey to the gold fields in eastern Australia in the 1850s and 1860s.
connected
mother's
“9.____________ you are a first -generation immigrant or Australian born Chinese, it is important 10.____________(keep) that traditional festival, our cultural connection，” Wang said.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了澳大利亚华裔在澳大利亚的中秋节以及他们对中国传统节日习俗的坚持及文化认同。
Whether
to keep
1．an 解析：考查冠词。此处表泛指，且important的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
2．arrivals 解析：考查名词复数。此处指来到澳大利亚的人，前面有one of，应用名词复数形式。
3．getting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，get used to与主语Wong and his wife之间是主谓关系，应用动词- ing形式作状语。
4．were 解析：考查动词的时态。设空处为谓语，空处指他们以前在国内的时候，应用一般过去时。
5．which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Osmanthus fragrans，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。
6．Like 解析：考查介词。此处表示他们和许多澳大利亚华裔一样，应用介词表示“像……一样”，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
7．connected 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处作非谓语，connect和宾语them之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。
8．mother's 解析：考查名词所有格。此处指他妈妈的祖先们，应用名词所有格。
9．Whether 解析：考查连词。“whether... or...”为固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……”，此处表示“无论你是第一代移民还是在澳大利亚出生的华人”，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
10．to keep 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“it＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构。
C
(2024·浙江县域联盟模拟)The first poem that I ever fell in love with was Edgar Allan Poe's The Raven, 1.____________ often quoted phrase “nevermore” seems to tell much about Americans as they will “nevermore” willingly read poetry. At the peak of poetry's 2.____________(popular) in 2017, only about 28 million Americans reported that they had read a poem within the last year.
whose
popularity
As humans, we are 3.____________(constant) trying to acknowledge the fact that some feelings cannot 4.____________(convey) clearly, and yet we shy away from an art form that depends on collecting emotion from every day and 5.____________(translate) it onto paper so that it becomes concrete.
constantly
be conveyed
translating
In between the lines, poets can transform heavy topics of love and loss 6.____________ easy words that are not only understood but also felt. We need poetry 7.____________(remind) us of what we can be “if only we're brave enough，” as Gorman would say.
Yes, poems are confusing at times, 8.____________ it is your understanding that lends itself to meaning. Everything, from capitalization to punctuation (标点) marks, can be picked apart and thrown together; in the end, it is up to you to find 9.____________ you need.
into
to remind
but
what
Regardless of 10.____________(they) shapes, poems are all reflections of the human desire to feel. Nathalie Handal in her piece Love Letter put it best, “I'd like to be a poem, to reach your heart and stay.”
So let it stay.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者对诗歌这种艺术形式的看法和理解。
their
1．whose 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Raven，关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose。
2．popularity 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词形式。
3．constantly 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词，应用副词形式。
4．be conveyed 解析：考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，空处位于that引导的同位语从句中，从句缺少谓语动词，空处在句中作谓语。主语feelings与convey之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词后应跟动词原形。
5．translating 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处与collecting并列作介词on的宾语，应用动词- ing形式。
6．into 解析：考查介词。“transform...into...”意为“把……转化为……”，为固定用法。
7．to remind 解析：考查非谓语动词。need sth. to do sth.意为“需要某物做某事”，为固定用法。
8．but 解析：考查连词。根据上下文语境可知，上下文之间为转折关系，应用连词but。
9．what 解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作find的宾语，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what。
10．their 解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的名词shapes，应用形容词性物主代词their。
D
(2024·华南师大附中适应性练习)A group of Chinese researchers issued a data map of the soil organic carbon (SOC) content for global black soil areas, 1.____________(reveal) the quantification of agroecosystems and global food security, according to the recent issue of the journal Remote Sensing of Environment.
revealing
Research has shown that carbon cycle is 2.__________________
(significant) influenced by agricultural soils. The accuracy mapping of SOC content can help to clarify the carbon sequestration capacity (碳汇能力), quantify agroecosystem and contribute 3.____________ global food security. But it is still challenging to acquire 4.____________(rely) SOC content databases.
significantly
to
reliable
The study 5.____________(publish) in the journal was done by researchers from the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. According to the journal, the researchers 6.____________(collect) more than 191，000 scenes of remote sensing images and elevation model data, and used meta- learning convolutional (卷积的) neural network model 7.____________(generate) high- resolution data map for global black soil regions.
published
collected
to generate
The data in the study indicates that the SOC content in the global black soil regions shows a decreasing trend, which can be divided into the significant decrease phase from 1984 to 2000, 8.____________ the moderate decrease phase from 2001 to 2021.
and
The result from the study also shows that the four major black soil 9.____________(region) in the world have different rates of SOC decline. The SOC decline rates of the Russian -Ukrainian Plain and the Pampas Plain of South America are higher than 10.____________ of the northeast China and the Mississippi River Basin in North America.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国科研人员完成了全球黑土区域土壤有机碳(SOC)制图，精确绘制了土壤有机碳含量地图，这有利于明确每个区域的固碳能力，促进农业生态系统的量化，保障全球粮食安全。
regions
those
1．revealing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，reveal和主语a data map之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词 -ing形式，作伴随状语。
2．significantly 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词is influenced，应用副词，作状语。
3．to 解析：考查介词。contribute to为固定搭配，意为“促进、有助于”。
4．reliable 解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应要形容词作定语，修饰SOC content databases。
5．published 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，publish和主语The study之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。
6．collected 解析：考查动词的时态。空处和used并列作谓语，应用一般过去时。
7．to generate 解析：考查非谓语动词。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
8．and 解析：考查连词。“the significant decrease phase from 1984 to 2000”和“the moderate decrease phase from 2001 to 2021”为并列关系，应用连词and连接。
9．regions 解析：考查名词复数。前有four限定修饰，应用可数名词复数形式。
10．those 解析：考查代词。those常用在比较结构中，指代前面的复数名词The SOC decline rates。
专题四 语法填空
——悉贯通，迎刃破万竹
[近3年考情分析]
考试 年份 试卷 名称 考查 体裁 主题 语境 文章 话题 命题考点 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名词 形容词、 副词 代词 数词 冠词 介词 并列 连词 从句引
导词
2024 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 人与 社会 英国“丝路花园”的整体设计 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 1 0 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 说明文 人与 社会 纪念汤显祖的凉亭在莎士比亚的故乡建立 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
浙江卷1月 新闻 报道 人与社会 营销手段 2 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 2
考试年份 试卷 名称 考查 体裁 主题 语境 文章 话题 命题考点 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名词 形容词、 副词 代词 数词 冠词 介词 并列 连词 从句引
导词
2023 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 人与 社会 中国美食小笼包 0 4 0 2 1 0 1 1 1 0
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 记叙文 人与 自我 教熊猫饲养员英语 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1 1 1
考试年份 试卷 名称 考查 体裁 主题 语境 文章 话题 命题考点 有提示词 无提示词 谓语 动词 非谓语 动词 名词 形容词、 副词 代词 数词 冠词 介词 并列 连词 从句引
导词
2022 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 说明文 人与自然 大熊猫国家公园 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 记叙文 人与自我 营救坠楼儿童 2 2 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1
[主题语境] 以“人与社会”为主
[体裁特点] 以说明文为主，记叙文为辅，议论文较少。字数在200～250词之间。话题往往涉及中国元素、文化交融。 句式结构趋于复杂，长难句频现。
[设空特点] 十处设空。设空处全面考查语法知识，设空方式较为灵活。更加灵活地考查词汇知识，也会涉及熟词生义。
1．通读全文，了解大意，把握结构，理清逻辑。
(1)快速浏览全文，尤其要认真阅读文章首句，把握文章大意和作者的写作意图并确定总体时态；
(2)边读边填，看句答题，标出做题依据，避难就易。依据如下：①固定搭配；②固定句式结构；③根据语法定形式；④根据分析定词性。
(3)通读全文，二次分析，攻克难题；
(4)重读全文，仔细核查，保障语法正确、语意贯通。
2．检查审读，确保文意通顺，并复查拼写是否正确、书写是否规范、大小写是否准确。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens.This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
【2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ】
The latest 56.____________(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57.____________(function) structure that is also beautiful.The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).These sepals open on warm days 58.____________(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather, the structure stays 59.____________(close) to protect the plants.
engineering
functional
to give
closed
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60.____________(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61.____________ first time.These plants included modern Western 62.____________(favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel.The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road.The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
walks
the
favourites
The Glasshouse stands 63.____________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64.____________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65.____________(rich) of gardening in England.
as
that/which
richness
【解题流程】
速览全文，明大意
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室。
边读边填，找依据
56.根据语法定形式：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的名词techniques，作定语，说明名词的作用，应用动词 -ing形式。
57.根据分析定词性：考查形容词。空处与protective并列，修饰空后的名词structure，应用形容词形式。
58.根据语法定形式：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式。
59.根据分析定词性：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空前的stays为系动词，空处作表语，意为“关闭的”，应用形容词形式。
60.根据语法定形式：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语；本句描述了the Silk Route Garden的客观情况，时态应用一般现在时；walk与主语the Silk Route Garden之间为主动关系，应用主动语态。主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
61.固定搭配：考查冠词。for the first time为固定搭配，意为“第一次”。
62.根据语法定形式：考查名词复数。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词included的宾语，空前的modern Western作定语，空处应用名词形式；根据空后的“such as rosemary, lavender and fennel”可知，空处应用复数。
63.根据分析定词性：考查介词。根据语境可知，空处意为“作为”，应用介词。
64.固定句式结构：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为表示物的名词短语the Silk Route，关系词在从句中作主语。
65.根据分析定词性：考查名词。空处跟在定冠词the之后，且空后的of gardening对空处进行限定，空处应用名词形式。
审读检查，保准确
通读文章，确保文意通顺，复查书写是否规范，拼写是否准确，大小写是否准确。
第一讲 动 词
如何判定作谓语动词还是非谓语动词
根据句法结构，如果一个句子中出现多个动词，动词的形式有三种情况。
因此，可以用句式分析法，标注出已有的谓语动词及并列连词或从句引导词，从而判断空处是作谓语动词还是非谓语动词。
【策略实践】——单句语法填空并判断其句法功能
1．The fascinating Comics 2022—Chengdu Excellent Cartoon and Animation Works Exhibition, co -hosted by the China Cultural Center in Sydney and Chengdu Municipal Bureau of Culture, Broadcast -TV and Tourism, ______________ (present) more than 80 original artworks from Chengdu.
presents
2．Rough weaving tools and bone needles ____________ (unearth) from the site, indicating that Jiahu residents may have processed basic weaving and sewing skills 8，500 years ago.
were unearthed
3．First ____________ (publish) in December 2017, the novel shows a wide range of Chinese people from different walks of life, from constructors to start up founders, to examine the huge influence brought by the changes of Chinese society.
published
4．Meanwhile, some architects are drawing inspiration from skywells to help keep new buildings cooler, which is a method ____________ (combine) design and technology to cool a building without the use of power.
combining
CONTENTS
目 录
高频考点一
01
高频考点二
02
当堂即练 精准提升
03
01
高频考点一
高频考点一 谓语动词
考查方向 解题思路
语法填空对谓语动词的考查侧重于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时的时态、语态和主谓一致；偶有考查过去完成时及包含情态动词的被动语态。
(一)时 态
有的放矢，标志词明鉴秋毫
动词的时态可以根据时态标志词或时间状语轻松判断。常见的标志词如下：
1．一般现在时：sometimes、every week/day/year/morning、 often、 always、 usually、 seldom、 now and then等；
2．一般过去时：once upon a time、 yesterday、 last week/month/year、 just now、 the other day、 时间段＋ago、 时间段＋later、 in＋过去的年份等；
3．现在完成时：lately、 recently、 so/by far、 by now、 up to now、 until now、 in/during/over the past/last few＋时间段、 in/over recent＋时间段、 since＋过去的时间点、 ever since等；
4．过去完成时：by＋过去的时间、 by then、 by/before the end of＋过去的时间点、 until then、 before＋过去的时间点等；
5．一般将来时：tomorrow、 next week/month/year、 in (the coming) ＋时间段、 upcoming、 in the future等；
6．现在进行时：Look！、Listen！、now、 at present、 at this moment/time/minute等；
7．过去进行时：at that moment/time/minute、 then等；
8．将来进行时：at this time/moment tomorrow 等。
时态：____________
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语long ago可知，空处应用一般过去时；use与主语Fountain pens之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语Fountain pens是复数，系动词be应用were。
were used
一般过去时
am living
现在进行时
时态：____________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Now可知，空处应用现在进行时；主语为I，系动词be应用am。
时态：____________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the last two years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语some supermarkets是复数，助动词应用have。
have started
现在完成时
上挂下连，时态可由语境定
1．语境提示定时态：如果没有时间标志词或者具体的时间状语，就要联系上下文、前后句中的时态，看看动作是否同时发生或者先后发生，确定空处的时态。
2．主句从句相对应：在宾语从句中，主句如果用一般过去时，从句也应用一般过去时，若从句描述客观事实或真理，则用一般现在时；在时间、条件状语从句中，动词的时态遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来；在when引导的时间状语从句中，主句和从句的时态通常一致。
时态：____________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语“Some of the things”是复数，系动词be应用were。
were
一般过去时
时态：________________
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，该空在宾语从句中作谓语。结合主句的时态可知，宾语从句的时态也用一般现在时；主语neat handwriting是第三人称单数，系动词be应用is。
is
一般现在时
瞻前顾后，平行结构定时态
并列连词连接的平行结构中连接的对等的词或结构，可以作为判断时态的依据。
1．表示并列平行结构的连词：and、 but、 or、 both...and...、either...or...、neither...nor...、 not only...but (also)...等。
2．同一主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词的时态要保持一致。
时态：________________
解析：考查动词的时态。根据and可知，空处和went构成并列关系，应用一般过去时。
jogged
一般过去时
时态：________________
解析：考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处和planned是由and连接的并列谓语动词，应用一般过去时。
arranged
一般过去时
(二)语 态
牢记判断步骤
1．确定主语；
2．判断主语和动词之间的关系：如果主语是动作的发出者，则用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，则用被动语态。
主动形式表示被动含义
当sell、read、draw、wash、write、open、wear、run、burn等动词后有状语(well、easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在的品质或性能时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
单句语法填空
1. (2024·北京卷)On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ____________ (name) the world's oldest living man.
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语John Tinniswood为第三人称单数，系动词be应用was。
was named
2．(2024·浙江卷1月)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
解析：考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，offer与主语they之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词could后应用动词原形。
be offered
3．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The GPNP ________________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”.
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语，与句子主语The GPNP之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；此处叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且主语The GPNP为单数，系动词be应用is。
is designed
(三)主谓一致
语法一致原则
1．主语为可数名词单数或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；
2．主语为单个动词不定式(短语)、动词 ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词用单数形式；
3．主语为复数名词或两个及以上动词不定式(短语)、动词 ing形式或主语从句时，谓语动词用复数形式；
4．在定语从句中，关系代词that、 who、 which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数与其先行词的数保持一致。
就近一致原则
就近一致原则是指谓语动词与最近的名词保持数的一致，常用结构或句型如下：
1．either...or...、 neither...nor...、 not only...but (also)...、 not...but...等并列连词连接主语；
2．there/here be 句型。
就远一致原则
在“名词＋介词(短语)＋名词”结构中，谓语动词与离得远的第一个名词，即句子的主语保持数的一致。介词(短语)包括：with、along with、together with、as well as、like、except、rather than、in addition to、 including 等。
意义一致原则
1．由连词and连接的并列主语(在意义上指同一人、同一物或者同一概念)时，谓语动词用单数形式；
2．表示“时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积”等名词的复数作主语时，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。
1．“a number of ＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of ＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；
2．“more than one＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；
3．被every、each、many a、no、either、neither等限定的名词作主语时，即使由and连接，谓语动词也应用单数形式。
单句语法填空
1. (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017.Two years later, a six- meter- tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ____________(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
was built
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时；主语是a six meter- tall pavilion，与build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；且主语为单数，系动词be应用was。
2．(2024·全国甲卷)They ____________(be) part of a 15 -member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句意及定语从句的时态可知，本句时态也为一般过去时；主语是They，系动词be应用were。
were
3．(2022·北京卷)Gas naturally ____________(have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，且陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语Gas指气体的统称，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
has
02
高频考点二
高频考点二 非谓语动词
考查方向 解题思路
非谓语动词作宾语、状语、补足语和定语是语法填空的高频考点；非谓语动词作表语和主语较少考查。
(注：否定形式直接在各种形式前面加not)
非谓语动词作状语和宾语补足语
(一)非谓语动词作状语
1．动词不定式作状语
(1)动词不定式可以用作目的状语；
(2)only to do sth.为动词不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果；
(3)形容词或过去分词作表语时，后接动词不定式作状语，常见的这类词有happy、lucky、anxious、proud、disappointed、surprised、delighted、foolish、pleased、fortunate等；
(4)牢记“主语＋系动词＋表语(adj.)＋to do”句式，动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。
2．分词作状语
(1)动词 -ing形式作状语：
①句子的主语是分词动作的发出者， 用动词- ing形式；
②表示伴随、时间或条件等要用动词 -ing形式；
③表示自然而然的结果用动词 -ing形式。
(2)过去分词作状语：
句子的主语是分词动作的承受者，则用过去分词。
(二)非谓语动词作宾语补足语
1．动词不定式作宾语补足语
常用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有tell、 order、 allow、 permit、 enable、 persuade、 force、 warn、 encourage、 ask、 invite、 expect等。
2．分词作宾语补足语
(1)动词- ing形式作宾语补足语表示主动、进行；
(2)过去分词作宾语补足语表示被动、完成；
(3)常用过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有have、make、get、leave、find、see、notice、watch、hear、feel、want、like等。
4．with 复合结构
(1)“with＋宾语＋to do”表示动作还未发生；
(2)“with＋宾语＋doing”表示主动或动作正在进行；
(3)“with＋宾语＋done”表示被动或动作已经完成。
单句语法填空
1．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ____________ (find) the connection between the two great writers.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作原因状语。
to find
2．(2023·全国乙卷)________________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co -existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，且visit与主句主语I之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；再根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，空处应用动词 -ing形式的完成时作状语，且单词应位于句首，首字母应大写。
Having visited
3．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____________(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语，lift out与宾语them之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用动词不定式的被动式。
to be lifted
4．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left ____________(want) more next time.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“leave sb.＋宾语补足语”结构。本句为被动语态，空处应作主语补足语，且I与want之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词- ing形式。
wanting
5．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Oranges：Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times ____________(decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“see sb.＋宾语补足语”结构，空处应用非谓语动词，且them(orange trees)与decorate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用动词 -ed形式作宾语补足语。
decorated
非谓语动词作定语
1．动词不定式作定语
(1)表示动作还没有发生时用to do；
(2)句中含有first、second、last等序数词以及形容词最高级(＋名词)时，用动词不定式作后置定语；
(3)抽象名词ability、attempt等后常用动词不定式作后置定语。
2．分词作定语
(1)动词- ing形式作定语：
①动词- ing形式作定语表示主动、正在进行；
②若表示被动且正在发生的动作，用being done结构；
③动词 -ing形式的形容词，意为“令人……的”。
(2)过去分词作定语：
①过去分词作定语表示被动、完成；
②过去分词形式的形容词，意为“(人)感到……的”。
单句语法填空
1. (2024·浙江卷1月) If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs __________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
解析： 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，且design和packs之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词- ed形式作后置定语。
designed
2．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ____________(visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，且Chinese zookeepers与visit之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词- ing形式作前置定语，意为“来访的”。
visiting
3．(2022·全国甲卷)A visually -challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step ____________(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词，且step前有序数词first修饰，应用动词不定式作后置定语。
to journey
非谓语动词作宾语
1．只跟动词 -ing形式作宾语的动词(短语)
喜欢考虑不避免(enjoy、 consider、 escape、 avoid)
不禁放弃太冒险(cannot help、 give up、 risk)
感激承认很值得(appreciate、 admit、 be worth)
介意想象莫推延(mind、 imagine、 delay、 put off)
允许完成是期望(allow、 permit、 finish、 look forward to)
建议继续勤操练(suggest、 go on、 practise)
致力原谅要坚持(be devoted to、 excuse、 insist on)
继续成功不错过(keep on、 succeed in、 miss)
2．只跟动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)
三个希望两答应(hope、 wish、 expect、 agree、 promise)
两个要求莫拒绝(demand、 ask、 refuse)
设法学会做决定(manage、 learn、 decide/determine)
不要假装在选择(pretend、 choose/select)
打算提出一计划(intend、 offer、 plan)
申请失败负担起(apply、 fail、 afford)
准备愿望又碰巧(prepare、 desire、 happen)
3．作介词的宾语用动词 ing形式
(1)介词后跟动词 -ing形式作宾语；
(2)but/except后跟动词不定式作宾语，若前面有实义动词do时，动词不定式就要省略to。
单句语法填空
1. (2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
解析：考查非谓语动词。“tend to do...”为固定搭配，意为“倾向于做……”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语。
to catch
2．(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ____________ (record) everything I discovered.
解析：考查非谓语动词。“spend time (in)doing...”为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做……”，空处应用动词 -ing形式作宾语。
recording
非谓语动词作主语和表语
1．作主语
(1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用动词 ing形式还是动词不定式作主语；
(2)掌握用动词 -ing形式/动词不定式作主语的句型：
①It is/was＋形容词 (＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.；
②It is no use/good doing sth.；
③It takes sb. some time to do sth.；
④It's worthwhile to do/doing sth.
2．作表语
非谓语动词中能作表语的有动词- ing形式、过去分词和动词不定式。
(1)动词- ing形式作表语，修饰物，意为“令人感到……的”；
(2)过去分词作表语，修饰人，意为“人感到……的”；
(3)动词不定式作表语，表示将来或目的。
单句语法填空
1．(2022·浙江卷1月改编)____________(travel) to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为is viewed，空处应用动词- ing形式作主语，且单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
Travelling
2．(2022·北京卷改编)It's easy ____________(explain) how we determine whether smells are dangerous or not: we learn.
解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，It 为形式主语，真正的主语应为动词不定式。
to explain
3．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ改编)The GPNP's main goal is ____________(improve) connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
解析：考查非谓语动词。表示“目标”的词汇，如aim、goal、target等作主语时，通常用动词不定式作表语。
to improve
03
当堂即练 精准提升
Ⅰ.挑战地道外刊(侧重谓语动词)
题源：The Wall Street Journal 2024.07.10
Many people dream of becoming social -media stars. But for most who 1.____________(pursue) careers as content creators, just making ends meet is a lofty goal.
pursue
A famous blogger 2.____________(be) a full -time creator for three years, posting videos on website. Despite having more than 400，000 followers, and 3.____________(post) that average 100，000 views, his income last year was less than the median annual pay for full time US workers in 2023.
Earning 4.___ decent, reliable income as a social -media creator is a slog—and it's getting harder. Platforms 5._______________(provide) less money for popular posts and brands are being pickier about what they want out of sponsorship deals.
has been
posts
a
are providing
They need to 6.____________(constant) produce compelling posts or risk losing momentum.They spend their days planning, filming 7.____________ editing posts while also 8.____________(work) to make inroads with advertisers and interacting with fans.
constantly
and
working
Like other self -employed professionals, creators don't get paid time off, healthcare benefits, retirement contributions and other perks 9.____________ companies typically provide for their workers. Creators, meanwhile, 10.____________(have) a tougher time attracting viewers, thanks to algorithm changes and other factors beyond their control.
【解题导语】 流量时代，越来越多的人选择做自媒体博主，希望能够依靠自己的努力获得一份丰厚的收入，但这绝非易事且变得越来越困难。
that/which
are having
1．pursue 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此空为句子的谓语，陈述事实，应用一般现在时；逻辑主语who被most修饰，谓语动词应用复数。
2．has been 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语for three years可知，应用现在完成时；主语为A famous blogger，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。
3．posts 解析：考查名词。空处指的是那位著名的博主所发布的帖子，post意为“帖子”时，为可数名词，根据定语从句中的average可知，此处应用复数。
4．a 解析：考查冠词。空处修饰名词income，表示“一份……的收入”，应用不定冠词a。
5．are providing 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列句，and前后的两个并列句应该用同一时态；逻辑主语platforms是复数，谓语动词应用复数。
6．constantly 解析：考查副词。空处修饰动词produce，应用副词。
7．and 解析：考查连词。空处指的是网络达人需要做的事，为并列动作，应用连词and。
8．working 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处是while引导的状语从句，主语与主句主语一致，因此省略从句主语和be动词，此处主语与work之间为主动关系，应用动词 -ing形式。
9．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为perks，空处在从句中作宾语，且指代物，应用that/which。
10．are having 解析：考查动词的时态。分析上下文语境并根据时间状语meanwhile可知，空处应用现在进行时表示正在发生的状态，此处表示“正在经历一段更加困难时期”。
Ⅱ.模拟实战演练
A
(2024·长沙一中最后一卷)China's “ice city” Harbin in Northeast Heilongjiang Province has definitely become a tourism hotspot, 1.____________(attract) millions of tourists from home and abroad. Beyond the attraction of ice and snow tourism, the lesser- known 2.____________(diverse) and rich cultures of local ethnic (民族的) minority groups have also been brought under the spotlight.
attracting
diversity
At the tourist -packed Central Street, a street famous 3.____________ its Western architecture during different times in downtown Harbin, a group of Aoluguya Ewenki (敖鲁古雅鄂温克民族) people 4.____________(dress) in their ethnic costumes with seven reindeer (驯鹿) are singing their 5.____________(tradition) songs while walking down the street. Tourists crowd around them, 6.____________(excited) taking photos and videos.
for
dressed
traditional
excitedly
The Aoluguya Ewenki is the only ethnic group in China 7.____________ raises reindeer. According to media reports, sometimes people confuse the Ewenki people with the Oroqen people, one of 8.____________ smallest ethnic groups in China. The Aoluguya Ewenki decided to take advantage of the opportunity of Harbin's booming tourism industry 9.____________(show) their unique culture and identity to visitors from all over the country.
that/who
the
to show
Since the Aoluguya Ewenki people's public appearance, more and more local ethnic minority groups 10.____________(do) the same, with some from other parts of the nation even journeying to Harbin. “If you want to see China's rich multi -ethnic cultures, you should come to Harbin now，” netizens state encouragingly on social media.
have done
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国黑龙江省的“冰城”哈尔滨在冬天吸引了数百万国内外游客。除了冰雪旅游的吸引力，当地少数民族鲜为人知的多样性和丰富的文化也受到了关注。
1．attracting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语；逻辑主语Harbin与attract之间为主动关系，空处应用动词
-ing形式作状语。
2．diversity 解析：考查名词。第一步：确定是否考查词形转换。提示词为形容词，分析句子结构可知，空处与cultures并列作主语，因此应考虑词形转换。第二步：确定转换形式。空处在句中作主语，应用名词形式，且diversity意为“多样化”时，为不可数名词。
3．for 解析：考查介词。be famous for为固定搭配，意为“因……而著名”。
4．dressed 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，dress与逻辑主语people之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。
5．traditional 解析：考查形容词。第一步：确定是否考查词形转换。提示词为名词，空处在句中作定语修饰名词songs，因此应考虑词形转换。第二步：确定转换形式。根据语境及句子结构可知，空处应用形容词形式。
6．excitedly 解析：考查副词。第一步：确定是否考查词形转换。提示词为形容词，空处修饰非谓语动词taking，因此应考虑词形转换。第二步：确定转换形式。根据语境及句子结构可知，空处应用副词形式。
7．that/who 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是 the only ethnic group，在定语从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词that或who。
8．the 解析：考查冠词。根据空后的smallest ethnic groups可知，此处表示“中国最小的民族之一”，此处使用了形容词的最高级，空处应用定冠词the。
9．to show 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句子中作状语表示目的，应用动词不定式。
10．have done 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Since the Aoluguya Ewenki people's public appearance可知，应用现在完成时；主语是local ethnic minority groups，谓语动词应用复数。
B
(2024·湖北三模)For Chinese communities in Australia, Mid -Autumn Festival celebration is 1.____________ important part of their life.
an
Wayne Wong, as one of the new 2.____________(arrive) from China, is proud of his Chinese heritage. While 3.____________(get) used to the life in Australia, Wong and his wife still maintain their Chinese culture and heritage. Mid -Autumn Festival and Lunar New Year are as important to them in Australia as they 4.____________(be) in China, and will continue to be so. This year, their modest home were decorated with Osmanthus fragrans (桂花), 5.____________ Wong said could bring good luck and happiness. 6.____________ many Australians of Chinese descent, he celebrated Mid -Autumn Festival by having dinner with friends and eating mooncakes.
arrivals
getting
were
which
Like
For Chinese Australians, Mid- Autumn Festival keeps them 7.____________(connect) to their heritage and culture, said Mark Wang, CEO of the Museum of Chinese Australian History in Melbourne. His 8.____________(mother) ancestors arrived in Australia from China in the 1830s, just before the Gold Rush which saw thousands of Chinese make the journey to the gold fields in eastern Australia in the 1850s and 1860s.
connected
mother's
“9.____________ you are a first -generation immigrant or Australian born Chinese, it is important 10.____________(keep) that traditional festival, our cultural connection，” Wang said.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了澳大利亚华裔在澳大利亚的中秋节以及他们对中国传统节日习俗的坚持及文化认同。
Whether
to keep
1．an 解析：考查冠词。此处表泛指，且important的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
2．arrivals 解析：考查名词复数。此处指来到澳大利亚的人，前面有one of，应用名词复数形式。
3．getting 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，get used to与主语Wong and his wife之间是主谓关系，应用动词- ing形式作状语。
4．were 解析：考查动词的时态。设空处为谓语，空处指他们以前在国内的时候，应用一般过去时。
5．which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Osmanthus fragrans，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。
6．Like 解析：考查介词。此处表示他们和许多澳大利亚华裔一样，应用介词表示“像……一样”，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
7．connected 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处作非谓语，connect和宾语them之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。
8．mother's 解析：考查名词所有格。此处指他妈妈的祖先们，应用名词所有格。
9．Whether 解析：考查连词。“whether... or...”为固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……”，此处表示“无论你是第一代移民还是在澳大利亚出生的华人”，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。
10．to keep 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“it＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.”结构。
C
(2024·浙江县域联盟模拟)The first poem that I ever fell in love with was Edgar Allan Poe's The Raven, 1.____________ often quoted phrase “nevermore” seems to tell much about Americans as they will “nevermore” willingly read poetry. At the peak of poetry's 2.____________(popular) in 2017, only about 28 million Americans reported that they had read a poem within the last year.
whose
popularity
As humans, we are 3.____________(constant) trying to acknowledge the fact that some feelings cannot 4.____________(convey) clearly, and yet we shy away from an art form that depends on collecting emotion from every day and 5.____________(translate) it onto paper so that it becomes concrete.
constantly
be conveyed
translating
In between the lines, poets can transform heavy topics of love and loss 6.____________ easy words that are not only understood but also felt. We need poetry 7.____________(remind) us of what we can be “if only we're brave enough，” as Gorman would say.
Yes, poems are confusing at times, 8.____________ it is your understanding that lends itself to meaning. Everything, from capitalization to punctuation (标点) marks, can be picked apart and thrown together; in the end, it is up to you to find 9.____________ you need.
into
to remind
but
what
Regardless of 10.____________(they) shapes, poems are all reflections of the human desire to feel. Nathalie Handal in her piece Love Letter put it best, “I'd like to be a poem, to reach your heart and stay.”
So let it stay.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者对诗歌这种艺术形式的看法和理解。
their
1．whose 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The Raven，关系词在从句中作定语，应用whose。
2．popularity 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词形式。
3．constantly 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词，应用副词形式。
4．be conveyed 解析：考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，空处位于that引导的同位语从句中，从句缺少谓语动词，空处在句中作谓语。主语feelings与convey之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且情态动词后应跟动词原形。
5．translating 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处与collecting并列作介词on的宾语，应用动词- ing形式。
6．into 解析：考查介词。“transform...into...”意为“把……转化为……”，为固定用法。
7．to remind 解析：考查非谓语动词。need sth. to do sth.意为“需要某物做某事”，为固定用法。
8．but 解析：考查连词。根据上下文语境可知，上下文之间为转折关系，应用连词but。
9．what 解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作find的宾语，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what。
10．their 解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的名词shapes，应用形容词性物主代词their。
D
(2024·华南师大附中适应性练习)A group of Chinese researchers issued a data map of the soil organic carbon (SOC) content for global black soil areas, 1.____________(reveal) the quantification of agroecosystems and global food security, according to the recent issue of the journal Remote Sensing of Environment.
revealing
Research has shown that carbon cycle is 2.__________________
(significant) influenced by agricultural soils. The accuracy mapping of SOC content can help to clarify the carbon sequestration capacity (碳汇能力), quantify agroecosystem and contribute 3.____________ global food security. But it is still challenging to acquire 4.____________(rely) SOC content databases.
significantly
to
reliable
The study 5.____________(publish) in the journal was done by researchers from the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. According to the journal, the researchers 6.____________(collect) more than 191，000 scenes of remote sensing images and elevation model data, and used meta- learning convolutional (卷积的) neural network model 7.____________(generate) high- resolution data map for global black soil regions.
published
collected
to generate
The data in the study indicates that the SOC content in the global black soil regions shows a decreasing trend, which can be divided into the significant decrease phase from 1984 to 2000, 8.____________ the moderate decrease phase from 2001 to 2021.
and
The result from the study also shows that the four major black soil 9.____________(region) in the world have different rates of SOC decline. The SOC decline rates of the Russian -Ukrainian Plain and the Pampas Plain of South America are higher than 10.____________ of the northeast China and the Mississippi River Basin in North America.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我国科研人员完成了全球黑土区域土壤有机碳(SOC)制图，精确绘制了土壤有机碳含量地图，这有利于明确每个区域的固碳能力，促进农业生态系统的量化，保障全球粮食安全。
regions
those
1．revealing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，reveal和主语a data map之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词 -ing形式，作伴随状语。
2．significantly 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词is influenced，应用副词，作状语。
3．to 解析：考查介词。contribute to为固定搭配，意为“促进、有助于”。
4．reliable 解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应要形容词作定语，修饰SOC content databases。
5．published 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，publish和主语The study之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。
6．collected 解析：考查动词的时态。空处和used并列作谓语，应用一般过去时。
7．to generate 解析：考查非谓语动词。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“使用某物做某事”，空处应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
8．and 解析：考查连词。“the significant decrease phase from 1984 to 2000”和“the moderate decrease phase from 2001 to 2021”为并列关系，应用连词and连接。
9．regions 解析：考查名词复数。前有four限定修饰，应用可数名词复数形式。
10．those 解析：考查代词。those常用在比较结构中，指代前面的复数名词The SOC decline rates。