2026版《决胜蓝图》专题三 4 文体篇 高频考查二 专题强化训练-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习
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| 名称 | 2026版《决胜蓝图》专题三 4 文体篇 高频考查二 专题强化训练-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习 |
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| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
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专题强化训练
专题强化训练15 夹叙夹议文
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题源：The Guardian
As I waited for my university lecture to start, I felt a tap on my shoulder. Looking up, I found a young woman smiling at me, __1__ a notebook. I knew immediately who she was. The week before we had __2__ emails, and I'd told her I would be sitting in the front __3__. I always sat at the front and the reason was that I'm deaf and needed to lip read the __4__. “I'm Rosie，” the young woman said. She was the first person I'd ever met who was my __5__ and wore hearing aids. At my school, I was the only person who wore hearing aids. So I was __6__ and fascinated to see Rosie wearing them. She tied her hair back, and didn't try to __7__ them like I did.
After the lecture, Rosie and I carried on talking. She always remembered to look at me when we talked. I didn't have to worry that she'd __8__. There was an instinctive awareness between us about making communication clear and __9__. I'd grown up thinking that deafness was some kind of __10__， but here was Rosie, who was clever, wise, full of fun and deaf. What was the big deal
I felt like a window had opened on my own experience as a deaf person. Partly it was the joy of being able to talk __11__. We discussed noisy social events, or group conversations, where we felt on the fringes. The __12__ that I wasn't the only deaf student at the university made the experience feel less lonely.
We continued to share notes on being deaf. Learning to advocate for myself as a deaf person in the professional world is __13__. But Rosie is more enlightened, and she is a fierce advocate. She not only holds up a(n) __14__ to my own experience, but also sets an example for me, offering an alternative __15__. Our friendship has become an essential part of who I am as well.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一名失聪学生，在大学里认识了另一名和作者一样需要佩戴助听器的学生罗西，但是她却聪慧、坦率、风趣，她让作者意识到失聪并不是一种缺陷，为作者的人生提供了另一种视角。
1．A.putting B．rejecting
C．throwing D．holding
D 解析：根据下文a notebook可知，此处指拿着(hold)笔记本。
2．A.exchanged B．received
C．sent D．communicated
A 解析：根据下文“and I'd told her I would be”可知，此处指交换(exchange)电子邮件。
3．A.section B．part
C．row D．profile
C 解析：根据下文“I always sat at the front...needed to lip read”可知，作者需要读唇语，应坐在第一排(row)。
4．A.lecturer B．constructor
C．composer D．advisor
A 解析：根据上文“As I waited for my university lecture to start”及语境可知，此处指需要唇读讲师(lecturer)说的话。
5．A.stage B．position
C．age D．class
C 解析：根据下文“At my school, I was the only person who wore hearing aids.”可知，此处指罗西和作者同龄(age)。
6．A.disappointed B．bewildered
C．overwhelmed D．surprised
D 解析：本题可用情感分析法。根据上文“She was the first...I was the only person who wore hearing aids.”可知，看到学校里还有人戴助听器，作者很惊讶(surprised)。
7．A.occupy B．hide
C．absorb D．involve
B 解析：根据上文“She tied her hair back”可知，此处指她不像作者一样用头发把助听器隐藏(hide)起来。
8．A.put away B．give away
C．glance away D．take away
C 解析：根据上文“She always remembered to look at me when we talked.”可知，此处指不必担心她会把目光移开(glance away)。
9．A.visible B．useful
C．superficial D．silent
A 解析：根据上文“She always remembered to look at me when we talked.”及语境可知，此处指让沟通清晰可见(visible)。
10．A.routine B．standard
C．flaw D．average
C 解析：根据上文“didn't try...I did”及语境可知，此处指作者一直认为耳聋是一种缺陷(flaw)。
11．A.openly B．supremely
C．purposely D．vastly
A 解析：根据下文“We discussed noisy social events, or group conversations, where we felt on the fringes.”可知，失聪的二人坦率地(openly)交谈。
12．A.view B．dialogue
C．knowledge D．bargain
C 解析：根据下文“that I wasn't the only deaf student at the university”可知，此处指作者知道(knowledge)自己不是大学里唯一的失聪的学生。
13．A.firm B．rough
C．smooth D．tough
D 解析：根据上文“Learning to advocate for myself as a deaf person in the professional world”及常识可知，此处指失聪的人在专业领域学习为自己辩护是很困难的(tough)。
14．A.furniture B．mirror
C．department D．aid
B 解析：根据下文“but also sets an example for me”可知，此处指罗西为作者树立了一面镜子(mirror)。
15．A.solution B．overlook
C．perspective D．energy
C 解析：通读全文，尤其是根据上文“She not only holds up”可知，此处指罗西为作者提供了另一种视角(perspective)，让作者不再羞于自己的失聪缺陷，勇敢面对自己和生活。
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仿写文章最后一段，补全下面读后续写中人物描写的句子
1．Doing__good__deeds(做好事) is his routine. 2.Working__hard__every__day(每天努力工作), he gains respect of everybody around him. He is 3.not__only____kind__and__warm heated(他不仅善良、热情), but also helpful. What's more, 4.facing__difficulties(面对困难), he never gives up, and keeps trying. His spirit inspires us all.
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A
(2024·长沙二模)“Why do you always apologize before you ask a question？” my colleague, Dan asked. I looked at him __1__， not understanding what he meant but felt that there was more than a trace of __2__ in his tone.
“There's no reason for it; you shouldn't do that，” he said. “Sorry if it annoys you，” I responded. I probably annoyed him again by __3__ again.
This happened over 35 years ago, but I still __4__ it now. Asking questions in conversation isn't that __5__， at least not to me.
I figured out some __6__. The first was self consciousness and insecurity. Had I missed something the professor said I knew some students, as a result of such __7__， didn't ask questions. I had enough confidence to ask, but not enough to not __8__ the way of asking.
I don't think it occurred to me at the time, but it did years later, that it also probably related to being __9__. I knew that a woman was always told there was a line of not __10__ others too aggressively.
Besides, I became conscious of not implying __11__—I didn't want a professor to think I was questioning their expertise, or suggesting they were a __12__ teacher. It seemed like a reasonable strategy to start by __13__ that I was wrong or uninformed.
Before Dan's comment, I hadn't thought about it __14__， and much less considered that there could be a __15__ while doing it. But I was learning that there was, and it could be unpleasant. Fortunately, I think I've done it less now.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者的同事丹质疑为什么作者询问问题前要先道歉，作者分析了其中的原因，并意识到这样做的弊端，从而减少这样做的故事。
1．A.blankly B．sadly
C．hopefully D．impatiently
A 解析：根据下文中的“not understanding what he meant”可知，作者被同事质疑后，不理解对方，所以茫然地(blankly)看着同事。
2．A.concern B．annoyance
C．excitement D．relief
B 解析：根据下文中的“Sorry if it annoys you”可知，作者感受到丹语气里的一丝恼火(annoyance)。
3．A.arguing B．resisting
C．escaping D．apologizing
D 解析：根据上文中的“‘Sorry if it annoys you，’ I responded. I probably annoyed him again”可知，作者又向同事道歉(apologize)了。
4．A.account for B．reflect on
C．call for D．take up
B 解析：根据下文中的“The first was self consciousness and insecurity.”及“that it also probably related to being ______”可知，作者现在还会反思(reflect on)自己为什么会在询问问题前先道歉。
5．A.simple B．surprising
C．clear D．logical
D 解析：根据上文中的“Why do you always apologize before you ask a question？”可知，作者总是在询问问题前道歉，由此可推知，作者觉得在谈话中提问是不符合逻辑的(logical)。
6．A.choices B．decisions
C．reasons D．actions
C 解析：根据下文中的“The first was self consciousness and insecurity.”及语境可知，作者找出了几点原因(reason)。
7．A.doubt B．loss
C．achievement D．plan
A 解析：根据上文中的“Had I missed something the professor said？”可知，作者认识的一些学生由于存在这样的怀疑(doubt)而没有询问问题。
8．A.strengthen B．soften
C．change D．keep
B 解析：根据上文内容及语境可知，作者有底气提问，但是没有底气自己可以温和(soften)地提问，这也是作者先道歉的原因之一。
9．A.weak B．positive
C．female D．reasonable
C 解析：根据下文中的“I knew that a woman was always told there was a line of not”可知，多年后作者意识到，自己的道歉行为可能与女性(female)性别也有关系。
10．A.impressing B．fighting
C．chasing D．blaming
A 解析：根据下文中的“others too aggressively”可知，女性总是被告知不要给别人留下咄咄逼人的印象(impress)。
11．A.approval B．defence
C．connection D．judgment
D 解析：根据下文中的“I didn't want a professor to think I was questioning their expertise”及语境可知，作者不想让被询问者感受到自己对于对方负面的判断(judgment)，即质疑教授的专业知识或暗示其是一位不好的(bad)老师。
12．A.bad B．lazy
C．responsible D．creative
A 解析：参见上题解析。
13．A.refusing B．insisting
C．denying D．acknowledging
D 解析：根据上文中的“It seemed like a reasonable strategy to start by”及下文中的“that I was wrong or uninformed”可知，作者为了避免对方对自己产生误解，所以先道歉，承认(acknowledge)自己的错误或者无知。
14．A.crazily B．fast
C．consciously D．bitterly
C 解析：根据下文中的“and much less considered”可知，在丹评论自己的行为之前，作者对自己的道歉行为没有意识(consciously)。
15．A.failure B．disadvantage
C．virtue D．barrier
B 解析：根据下文中的“But I was learning that there was, and it could be unpleasant.”可知，在丹的评论之后，作者意识到这样做会让人不愉快，即有劣势(disadvantage)。
B
(2024·保定二模)My colleagues and I, who have been teaching powerful communication skills, talk about the power of words all the time. We think the words we use are at the heart of __1__．
Over the last twenty years, I have __2__ thousands of people. I have heard some __3__ of the following many times: “How can I get my boss/colleagues to __4__ me like I am part of the team？” I have met young people who are made to feel like __5__ by their older colleagues, often because the experiences that are shared around the table are about something that happened long ago. I have talked with older people who feel out of touch because their younger and more culturally current colleagues __6__ refer to new developments in technology that an older colleague is __7__ to know.
There are lots of ways we can make someone feel excluded and __8__. But often, in my experience, the words we use are a main __9__. The words have the power to make people feel included, but they also can make people feel __10__．
So, the next time you are in a __11__ of some kind, be __12__. If you are in a meeting of engineers and there is someone who doesn't “speak engineering” the way the rest of you do, __13__ using fewer technical terms. If you are in a party and are not __14__ whether everyone “speaks football”， think about talking about another __15__ of your weekend.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过谈论他人的经历来说明在某些场合使用合适的语言的重要性。
1．A.success B．friendship
C．inclusion D．sympathy
C 解析：根据下文中的“The words have the power to make people feel included”可知，作者认为使用的词语是包容性(inclusion)的核心。
2．A.praised B．employed
C．criticized D．coached
D 解析：根据上文中的“who have been teaching”及语境可知，作者指导(coach)过成千上万的人。
3．A.assumptions B．options
C．questions D．suggestions
C 解析：根据下文中的“How can I get my boss/colleague to ______ me like I am part of the team？”可知，作者听过很多次这样的问题(question)。
4．A.treat B．rescue
C．admire D．follow
A 解析：根据上下文语境可知，有些人问道：怎样才能让“我”的老板或同事把“我”看作(treat)团队的一员。
5．A.competitors B．outsiders
C．researchers D．professionals
B 解析：根据下文中的“make someone feel excluded”及语境可知，有些年轻人被年长的同事视为局外人(outsider)。
6．A.gradually B．rarely
C．temporarily D．constantly
D 解析：根据上文中的“their younger and more culturally current colleagues”及下文中的“refer to new developments in technology”可知，年轻同事和更新潮的同事经常(constantly)提到一些年长的同事不太可能(unlikely)知道的科技新发展。
7．A.hesitant B．unlikely
C．afraid D．unwilling
B 解析：参见上题解析。
8．A.unwelcome B．regretful
C．envious D．disappointed
A 解析：根据上文中的feel excluded可知，有许多可以让他人感到被排斥和不受欢迎的(unwelcome)方式。
9．A.factor B．result
C．change D．dream
A 解析：根据下文中的“The words have the power to make people feel included”可知，词汇往往是使他人感到被排斥的主要因素(factor)。
10．A.sought for B．tested out
C．cared for D．left out
D 解析：根据上文中的“feel included, but they also can make people feel”可知，它们让人们感到被包容的同时，也会让人们感到被忽视(leave out)。
11．A.contest B．gathering
C．camp D．classroom
B 解析：根据下文中的in a meeting及in a party可知，此处指参加某种聚会(gathering)。
12．A.confident B．courageous
C．thoughtful D．patient
C 解析：根据下文内容及语境可知，下次参加某种聚会时，要深思熟虑(thoughtful)。
13．A.imagine B．consider
C．avoid D．miss
B 解析：根据上文中的“If you are in a meeting...the way the rest of you do”可知，在该情况下要考虑(consider)少用一些技术术语。
14．A.worried B．curious
C．pleased D．sure
D 解析：根据下文中的“whether everyone ‘speaks football’， think about talking about another ______ of your weekend”可知，当不确定(sure)是否每个人都“谈论足球”时，需要考虑谈论你周末的另一个元素(element)。
15．A.element B．day
C．person D．party
A 解析：参见上题解析。
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高考必备词汇 [外刊]visible adj.看得见的 professional adj.专业的 alternative adj.备选的；可供替代的 essential adj.极其重要的[A篇]blankly adv. 茫然地 annoyance n. 恼火 tone n. 语气；腔调 reflect on 反思 as a result of 由于…… account for解释；占…… bitterly adv. 痛苦地 virtue n. 德行；美德 [B篇]at the heart of 在……的核心 out of touch 不接触；不联系leave out 忽视 gathering n. 聚会 of some kind 某种 element n. 元素 envious adj. 羡慕的；忌妒的 test out 检验
四六级桥梁词汇 [外刊]fascinated adj.入迷的，极感兴趣的 instinctive adj.本能的 flaw n．缺点，缺陷 fringe n．边缘，外围 enlightened adj.开明的 perspective n．态度；观点；思考方法 profile n．轮廓；简介 [A篇]colleague n. 同事 aggressively adv. 好斗地；侵略地 conscious adj. 意识到的 expertise n. 专门知识；专长 [B篇]excluded adj. 排除的 courageous adj. 勇敢的；无畏的
合成词、派生词 [外刊]exchange v．交换 lip read v．唇读 awareness n．意识 deafness n．聋；听力不佳 [A篇]self consciousness n. 自我意识 insecurity n. 不安全；无把握 uninformed adj. 知识贫乏的；蒙昧的；无知的 [B篇]outsider n. 局外人unwelcome adj. 不受欢迎的 assumption n. 假设
熟词生义 [外刊]fierce (熟义) adj.激烈的 (文章义) adj.坚定的 [A篇]trace (熟义) v. 追踪 (文章义) n. 少量；少许[B篇]coach (熟义) n. 教练 (文章义) v. 指导
长难句分析 [外刊]I'd grown up thinking that deafness was some kind of flaw, but here was Rosie, who was clever, wise, full of fun and deaf.[分析] 本句是and连接的并列复合句。前一分句中“thinking...flaw”为动词 ing短语作伴随状语，that引导宾语从句，作thinking的宾语；后一分句中who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Rosie。[译文] 在我的成长过程中，我一直认为耳聋是一种缺陷，但罗西是聪明、睿智、充满乐趣且耳聋的。[外刊]She not only holds up a mirror to my own experience, but also sets an example for me, offering an alternative perspective.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中“not only...but also...”连接两个并列谓语；offering an alternative perspective是现在分词短语作结果状语。[译文] 她不仅为我自己的经历树立了一面镜子，而且为我树立了榜样，提供了另一种视角。[A篇]I looked at him blankly, not understanding what he meant but felt that there was more than a trace of annoyance in his tone.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中not understanding what he meant是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中含有what引导的宾语从句。[译文] 我茫然地看着他，不明白他的意思，但感觉他的语气中有一丝恼火。[B篇]I have talked with older people who feel out of touch because their younger and more culturally current colleagues constantly refer to new developments in technology that an older colleague is unlikely to know.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中who 引导定语从句，修饰older people；because引导原因状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰new developments in technology。[译文] 我曾和一些年长的人交谈过，他们感觉自己跟不上(潮流)，因为他们的那些更年轻且文化上更潮流的同事们不断提及技术方面的新发展，而年长的同事不太可能知道。
专题强化训练15 夹叙夹议文
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题源：The Guardian
As I waited for my university lecture to start, I felt a tap on my shoulder. Looking up, I found a young woman smiling at me, __1__ a notebook. I knew immediately who she was. The week before we had __2__ emails, and I'd told her I would be sitting in the front __3__. I always sat at the front and the reason was that I'm deaf and needed to lip read the __4__. “I'm Rosie，” the young woman said. She was the first person I'd ever met who was my __5__ and wore hearing aids. At my school, I was the only person who wore hearing aids. So I was __6__ and fascinated to see Rosie wearing them. She tied her hair back, and didn't try to __7__ them like I did.
After the lecture, Rosie and I carried on talking. She always remembered to look at me when we talked. I didn't have to worry that she'd __8__. There was an instinctive awareness between us about making communication clear and __9__. I'd grown up thinking that deafness was some kind of __10__， but here was Rosie, who was clever, wise, full of fun and deaf. What was the big deal
I felt like a window had opened on my own experience as a deaf person. Partly it was the joy of being able to talk __11__. We discussed noisy social events, or group conversations, where we felt on the fringes. The __12__ that I wasn't the only deaf student at the university made the experience feel less lonely.
We continued to share notes on being deaf. Learning to advocate for myself as a deaf person in the professional world is __13__. But Rosie is more enlightened, and she is a fierce advocate. She not only holds up a(n) __14__ to my own experience, but also sets an example for me, offering an alternative __15__. Our friendship has become an essential part of who I am as well.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一名失聪学生，在大学里认识了另一名和作者一样需要佩戴助听器的学生罗西，但是她却聪慧、坦率、风趣，她让作者意识到失聪并不是一种缺陷，为作者的人生提供了另一种视角。
1．A.putting B．rejecting
C．throwing D．holding
D 解析：根据下文a notebook可知，此处指拿着(hold)笔记本。
2．A.exchanged B．received
C．sent D．communicated
A 解析：根据下文“and I'd told her I would be”可知，此处指交换(exchange)电子邮件。
3．A.section B．part
C．row D．profile
C 解析：根据下文“I always sat at the front...needed to lip read”可知，作者需要读唇语，应坐在第一排(row)。
4．A.lecturer B．constructor
C．composer D．advisor
A 解析：根据上文“As I waited for my university lecture to start”及语境可知，此处指需要唇读讲师(lecturer)说的话。
5．A.stage B．position
C．age D．class
C 解析：根据下文“At my school, I was the only person who wore hearing aids.”可知，此处指罗西和作者同龄(age)。
6．A.disappointed B．bewildered
C．overwhelmed D．surprised
D 解析：本题可用情感分析法。根据上文“She was the first...I was the only person who wore hearing aids.”可知，看到学校里还有人戴助听器，作者很惊讶(surprised)。
7．A.occupy B．hide
C．absorb D．involve
B 解析：根据上文“She tied her hair back”可知，此处指她不像作者一样用头发把助听器隐藏(hide)起来。
8．A.put away B．give away
C．glance away D．take away
C 解析：根据上文“She always remembered to look at me when we talked.”可知，此处指不必担心她会把目光移开(glance away)。
9．A.visible B．useful
C．superficial D．silent
A 解析：根据上文“She always remembered to look at me when we talked.”及语境可知，此处指让沟通清晰可见(visible)。
10．A.routine B．standard
C．flaw D．average
C 解析：根据上文“didn't try...I did”及语境可知，此处指作者一直认为耳聋是一种缺陷(flaw)。
11．A.openly B．supremely
C．purposely D．vastly
A 解析：根据下文“We discussed noisy social events, or group conversations, where we felt on the fringes.”可知，失聪的二人坦率地(openly)交谈。
12．A.view B．dialogue
C．knowledge D．bargain
C 解析：根据下文“that I wasn't the only deaf student at the university”可知，此处指作者知道(knowledge)自己不是大学里唯一的失聪的学生。
13．A.firm B．rough
C．smooth D．tough
D 解析：根据上文“Learning to advocate for myself as a deaf person in the professional world”及常识可知，此处指失聪的人在专业领域学习为自己辩护是很困难的(tough)。
14．A.furniture B．mirror
C．department D．aid
B 解析：根据下文“but also sets an example for me”可知，此处指罗西为作者树立了一面镜子(mirror)。
15．A.solution B．overlook
C．perspective D．energy
C 解析：通读全文，尤其是根据上文“She not only holds up”可知，此处指罗西为作者提供了另一种视角(perspective)，让作者不再羞于自己的失聪缺陷，勇敢面对自己和生活。
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仿写文章最后一段，补全下面读后续写中人物描写的句子
1．Doing__good__deeds(做好事) is his routine. 2.Working__hard__every__day(每天努力工作), he gains respect of everybody around him. He is 3.not__only____kind__and__warm heated(他不仅善良、热情), but also helpful. What's more, 4.facing__difficulties(面对困难), he never gives up, and keeps trying. His spirit inspires us all.
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A
(2024·长沙二模)“Why do you always apologize before you ask a question？” my colleague, Dan asked. I looked at him __1__， not understanding what he meant but felt that there was more than a trace of __2__ in his tone.
“There's no reason for it; you shouldn't do that，” he said. “Sorry if it annoys you，” I responded. I probably annoyed him again by __3__ again.
This happened over 35 years ago, but I still __4__ it now. Asking questions in conversation isn't that __5__， at least not to me.
I figured out some __6__. The first was self consciousness and insecurity. Had I missed something the professor said I knew some students, as a result of such __7__， didn't ask questions. I had enough confidence to ask, but not enough to not __8__ the way of asking.
I don't think it occurred to me at the time, but it did years later, that it also probably related to being __9__. I knew that a woman was always told there was a line of not __10__ others too aggressively.
Besides, I became conscious of not implying __11__—I didn't want a professor to think I was questioning their expertise, or suggesting they were a __12__ teacher. It seemed like a reasonable strategy to start by __13__ that I was wrong or uninformed.
Before Dan's comment, I hadn't thought about it __14__， and much less considered that there could be a __15__ while doing it. But I was learning that there was, and it could be unpleasant. Fortunately, I think I've done it less now.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者的同事丹质疑为什么作者询问问题前要先道歉，作者分析了其中的原因，并意识到这样做的弊端，从而减少这样做的故事。
1．A.blankly B．sadly
C．hopefully D．impatiently
A 解析：根据下文中的“not understanding what he meant”可知，作者被同事质疑后，不理解对方，所以茫然地(blankly)看着同事。
2．A.concern B．annoyance
C．excitement D．relief
B 解析：根据下文中的“Sorry if it annoys you”可知，作者感受到丹语气里的一丝恼火(annoyance)。
3．A.arguing B．resisting
C．escaping D．apologizing
D 解析：根据上文中的“‘Sorry if it annoys you，’ I responded. I probably annoyed him again”可知，作者又向同事道歉(apologize)了。
4．A.account for B．reflect on
C．call for D．take up
B 解析：根据下文中的“The first was self consciousness and insecurity.”及“that it also probably related to being ______”可知，作者现在还会反思(reflect on)自己为什么会在询问问题前先道歉。
5．A.simple B．surprising
C．clear D．logical
D 解析：根据上文中的“Why do you always apologize before you ask a question？”可知，作者总是在询问问题前道歉，由此可推知，作者觉得在谈话中提问是不符合逻辑的(logical)。
6．A.choices B．decisions
C．reasons D．actions
C 解析：根据下文中的“The first was self consciousness and insecurity.”及语境可知，作者找出了几点原因(reason)。
7．A.doubt B．loss
C．achievement D．plan
A 解析：根据上文中的“Had I missed something the professor said？”可知，作者认识的一些学生由于存在这样的怀疑(doubt)而没有询问问题。
8．A.strengthen B．soften
C．change D．keep
B 解析：根据上文内容及语境可知，作者有底气提问，但是没有底气自己可以温和(soften)地提问，这也是作者先道歉的原因之一。
9．A.weak B．positive
C．female D．reasonable
C 解析：根据下文中的“I knew that a woman was always told there was a line of not”可知，多年后作者意识到，自己的道歉行为可能与女性(female)性别也有关系。
10．A.impressing B．fighting
C．chasing D．blaming
A 解析：根据下文中的“others too aggressively”可知，女性总是被告知不要给别人留下咄咄逼人的印象(impress)。
11．A.approval B．defence
C．connection D．judgment
D 解析：根据下文中的“I didn't want a professor to think I was questioning their expertise”及语境可知，作者不想让被询问者感受到自己对于对方负面的判断(judgment)，即质疑教授的专业知识或暗示其是一位不好的(bad)老师。
12．A.bad B．lazy
C．responsible D．creative
A 解析：参见上题解析。
13．A.refusing B．insisting
C．denying D．acknowledging
D 解析：根据上文中的“It seemed like a reasonable strategy to start by”及下文中的“that I was wrong or uninformed”可知，作者为了避免对方对自己产生误解，所以先道歉，承认(acknowledge)自己的错误或者无知。
14．A.crazily B．fast
C．consciously D．bitterly
C 解析：根据下文中的“and much less considered”可知，在丹评论自己的行为之前，作者对自己的道歉行为没有意识(consciously)。
15．A.failure B．disadvantage
C．virtue D．barrier
B 解析：根据下文中的“But I was learning that there was, and it could be unpleasant.”可知，在丹的评论之后，作者意识到这样做会让人不愉快，即有劣势(disadvantage)。
B
(2024·保定二模)My colleagues and I, who have been teaching powerful communication skills, talk about the power of words all the time. We think the words we use are at the heart of __1__．
Over the last twenty years, I have __2__ thousands of people. I have heard some __3__ of the following many times: “How can I get my boss/colleagues to __4__ me like I am part of the team？” I have met young people who are made to feel like __5__ by their older colleagues, often because the experiences that are shared around the table are about something that happened long ago. I have talked with older people who feel out of touch because their younger and more culturally current colleagues __6__ refer to new developments in technology that an older colleague is __7__ to know.
There are lots of ways we can make someone feel excluded and __8__. But often, in my experience, the words we use are a main __9__. The words have the power to make people feel included, but they also can make people feel __10__．
So, the next time you are in a __11__ of some kind, be __12__. If you are in a meeting of engineers and there is someone who doesn't “speak engineering” the way the rest of you do, __13__ using fewer technical terms. If you are in a party and are not __14__ whether everyone “speaks football”， think about talking about another __15__ of your weekend.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过谈论他人的经历来说明在某些场合使用合适的语言的重要性。
1．A.success B．friendship
C．inclusion D．sympathy
C 解析：根据下文中的“The words have the power to make people feel included”可知，作者认为使用的词语是包容性(inclusion)的核心。
2．A.praised B．employed
C．criticized D．coached
D 解析：根据上文中的“who have been teaching”及语境可知，作者指导(coach)过成千上万的人。
3．A.assumptions B．options
C．questions D．suggestions
C 解析：根据下文中的“How can I get my boss/colleague to ______ me like I am part of the team？”可知，作者听过很多次这样的问题(question)。
4．A.treat B．rescue
C．admire D．follow
A 解析：根据上下文语境可知，有些人问道：怎样才能让“我”的老板或同事把“我”看作(treat)团队的一员。
5．A.competitors B．outsiders
C．researchers D．professionals
B 解析：根据下文中的“make someone feel excluded”及语境可知，有些年轻人被年长的同事视为局外人(outsider)。
6．A.gradually B．rarely
C．temporarily D．constantly
D 解析：根据上文中的“their younger and more culturally current colleagues”及下文中的“refer to new developments in technology”可知，年轻同事和更新潮的同事经常(constantly)提到一些年长的同事不太可能(unlikely)知道的科技新发展。
7．A.hesitant B．unlikely
C．afraid D．unwilling
B 解析：参见上题解析。
8．A.unwelcome B．regretful
C．envious D．disappointed
A 解析：根据上文中的feel excluded可知，有许多可以让他人感到被排斥和不受欢迎的(unwelcome)方式。
9．A.factor B．result
C．change D．dream
A 解析：根据下文中的“The words have the power to make people feel included”可知，词汇往往是使他人感到被排斥的主要因素(factor)。
10．A.sought for B．tested out
C．cared for D．left out
D 解析：根据上文中的“feel included, but they also can make people feel”可知，它们让人们感到被包容的同时，也会让人们感到被忽视(leave out)。
11．A.contest B．gathering
C．camp D．classroom
B 解析：根据下文中的in a meeting及in a party可知，此处指参加某种聚会(gathering)。
12．A.confident B．courageous
C．thoughtful D．patient
C 解析：根据下文内容及语境可知，下次参加某种聚会时，要深思熟虑(thoughtful)。
13．A.imagine B．consider
C．avoid D．miss
B 解析：根据上文中的“If you are in a meeting...the way the rest of you do”可知，在该情况下要考虑(consider)少用一些技术术语。
14．A.worried B．curious
C．pleased D．sure
D 解析：根据下文中的“whether everyone ‘speaks football’， think about talking about another ______ of your weekend”可知，当不确定(sure)是否每个人都“谈论足球”时，需要考虑谈论你周末的另一个元素(element)。
15．A.element B．day
C．person D．party
A 解析：参见上题解析。
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高考必备词汇 [外刊]visible adj.看得见的 professional adj.专业的 alternative adj.备选的；可供替代的 essential adj.极其重要的[A篇]blankly adv. 茫然地 annoyance n. 恼火 tone n. 语气；腔调 reflect on 反思 as a result of 由于…… account for解释；占…… bitterly adv. 痛苦地 virtue n. 德行；美德 [B篇]at the heart of 在……的核心 out of touch 不接触；不联系leave out 忽视 gathering n. 聚会 of some kind 某种 element n. 元素 envious adj. 羡慕的；忌妒的 test out 检验
四六级桥梁词汇 [外刊]fascinated adj.入迷的，极感兴趣的 instinctive adj.本能的 flaw n．缺点，缺陷 fringe n．边缘，外围 enlightened adj.开明的 perspective n．态度；观点；思考方法 profile n．轮廓；简介 [A篇]colleague n. 同事 aggressively adv. 好斗地；侵略地 conscious adj. 意识到的 expertise n. 专门知识；专长 [B篇]excluded adj. 排除的 courageous adj. 勇敢的；无畏的
合成词、派生词 [外刊]exchange v．交换 lip read v．唇读 awareness n．意识 deafness n．聋；听力不佳 [A篇]self consciousness n. 自我意识 insecurity n. 不安全；无把握 uninformed adj. 知识贫乏的；蒙昧的；无知的 [B篇]outsider n. 局外人unwelcome adj. 不受欢迎的 assumption n. 假设
熟词生义 [外刊]fierce (熟义) adj.激烈的 (文章义) adj.坚定的 [A篇]trace (熟义) v. 追踪 (文章义) n. 少量；少许[B篇]coach (熟义) n. 教练 (文章义) v. 指导
长难句分析 [外刊]I'd grown up thinking that deafness was some kind of flaw, but here was Rosie, who was clever, wise, full of fun and deaf.[分析] 本句是and连接的并列复合句。前一分句中“thinking...flaw”为动词 ing短语作伴随状语，that引导宾语从句，作thinking的宾语；后一分句中who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Rosie。[译文] 在我的成长过程中，我一直认为耳聋是一种缺陷，但罗西是聪明、睿智、充满乐趣且耳聋的。[外刊]She not only holds up a mirror to my own experience, but also sets an example for me, offering an alternative perspective.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中“not only...but also...”连接两个并列谓语；offering an alternative perspective是现在分词短语作结果状语。[译文] 她不仅为我自己的经历树立了一面镜子，而且为我树立了榜样，提供了另一种视角。[A篇]I looked at him blankly, not understanding what he meant but felt that there was more than a trace of annoyance in his tone.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中not understanding what he meant是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中含有what引导的宾语从句。[译文] 我茫然地看着他，不明白他的意思，但感觉他的语气中有一丝恼火。[B篇]I have talked with older people who feel out of touch because their younger and more culturally current colleagues constantly refer to new developments in technology that an older colleague is unlikely to know.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中who 引导定语从句，修饰older people；because引导原因状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰new developments in technology。[译文] 我曾和一些年长的人交谈过，他们感觉自己跟不上(潮流)，因为他们的那些更年轻且文化上更潮流的同事们不断提及技术方面的新发展，而年长的同事不太可能知道。