2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 文体篇5 高考群文阅读之说明文高频话题专练 专练二 生态和谐类-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习
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| 名称 | 2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 文体篇5 高考群文阅读之说明文高频话题专练 专练二 生态和谐类-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习 |
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| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
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专练二 生态和谐类
[话题解读] [高分策略]
随着社会的发展，人与自然和谐相处及共同发展成为整个社会关注的焦点。因其和我们的生活息息相关，“人与自然”成为三大主题语境之一，也是历年高考的命题热点。选材及内容：对生态和谐类话题的学习和考查，旨在引导考生增强生态意识，学会与自然和谐相处，树立正确的世界观。此类文章常涉及的话题如下：1．现有的环境问题：温室效应、资源(水、能源等)缺乏、大气/海洋污染及塑料/光等不同污染源引起的污染等；2．人类活动对生态环境及生物有意或无意造成的负面影响及解决方法；3．人类应对自然灾害、极端天气等的努力；4．人类为保护环境及野生动植物采取的措施。语言特点：此类文章通过开门见山的方法表明作者的观点，并常常在文中使用长难句，增加理解难度。 1.主旨大意题：研读文章开头，找准文章中心；通过分析文章结构并细读内容，再次核准。2．有关措施的细节理解题：关注措施实施的原因及效果。通过题干关键词，定位原文中信息的出处，特别关注同义转述。3．标题归纳题：关注话题的关键词及其在文中的落脚点。说明文不同于记叙文，其标题更加直接、客观和中肯。4．观点态度题：对人类做出的努力持有积极、支持的态度；对现有的问题表示担忧；对现行的措施，根据其有效性，决定是否支持。
(2024·浙江卷1月阅读C)On September 7，1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大艾伯塔地区的冰雹干预项目和不同人士对该项目的态度。
28．What does the project aim to do
A．Conserve moisture in the soil.
B．Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms.
D．Investigate chemical use in farming.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Airplanes seed threatening storm cells...before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.”可知，这个项目的目的是防止冰雹的形成。
29．Who are opposed to the project
A．Farmers in east central Alberta.
B．Managers of insurance companies.
C．Provincial government officials.
D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But farmers in east central Alberta...from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，艾伯塔中东部的农民反对这个项目。
30．Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999
A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D．To show the link between storms and moisture.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，多斯韦尔博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了暗示人工降雨可能带来的危险。
31．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D．Cloud seeding companies will continue to exist.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Due to the lack of scientific proof...can proceed in relative legal safety.”可推知，人工降雨公司将继续存在。
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”
Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。作者通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描述介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时指出要保护大自然。
32．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A．Pocket parks are now popular.
B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C．Many cities are overpopulated.
D．People enjoy living close to nature.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find”及“it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。
33．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories
A．To compare different types of park goers.
B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C．To analyze the main features of the park.
D．To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories...began to emerge.”可知，研究人员将参与者提交的文件分类是为了从访客的总结材料中找出类别规律。
34．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5
A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C．The same nature experience takes different forms.
D．The nature language enhances work performance.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段所举的例子“the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break.”可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，工作日可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。
35．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A．Language study.
B．Environmental conservation.
C．Public education.
D．Intercultural communication.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中卡恩的话“And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，我们在与大自然互动之前需要保护自然。
高考必备词汇 [Text 1]as a result结果 precious adj. 珍稀的 provincial adj. 省的 drought n. 旱灾 in practice实际上 concerning prep. 关于 proceed v. 继续 [Text 2]interaction n. 相互作用 category n. 类型，种类 pattern n. 模式 recognize v. 认识generate v. 生成 phenomenon n. 现象
四六级桥梁词汇 [Text 1]crystal n. 晶体 lawsuit n. 诉讼；起诉 [Text 2]wellness n. 健康 submission n. 提交的文件 emerge v. 浮现，出现 encounter v. 遭遇；偶遇 domestic adj. 国内的，本国的
合成词、派生词 [Text 1]threatening adj. 危险的 east central adj. 东中部的；位于中心区域偏东的 downwind adv. 顺风地 doubter n. 抱怀疑态度的人 cloud seeding adj. 人工降雨 [Text 2]park goer n. 去公园的人 usable adj. 可用的，能用的 overpopulated adj. 人口过剩的 intercultural adj. 跨文化的
熟词生义 [Text 1]costly (熟义) adj. 昂贵的 (文章义) adj. 造成损失的 seed (熟义) n. 种子 (文章义) v. 投放 farm (熟义) n. 农场 (文章义) v. 务农 address (熟义) n. 地址 (文章义) v. 讨论 [Text 2]balloon (熟义)n. 气球 (文章义) v. 膨胀 name (熟义) n. 名字 (文章义) v. 给……命名
长难句分析 [Text 1]Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中动词不定式to make small ice crystals...作目的状语；before 引导时间状语从句。[译文] 飞机用一种化学物质在有威胁的风暴云团中 “播种”，以便在小冰晶长成危险的冰雹之前使其作为雨落下。[Text 2]Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. [分析] 本句是复合句。句中“Naming each nature experience”为动词 ing形式作主语；which引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句中又包含that引导的定语从句。[译文] 命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。
[话题解读] [高分策略]
随着社会的发展，人与自然和谐相处及共同发展成为整个社会关注的焦点。因其和我们的生活息息相关，“人与自然”成为三大主题语境之一，也是历年高考的命题热点。选材及内容：对生态和谐类话题的学习和考查，旨在引导考生增强生态意识，学会与自然和谐相处，树立正确的世界观。此类文章常涉及的话题如下：1．现有的环境问题：温室效应、资源(水、能源等)缺乏、大气/海洋污染及塑料/光等不同污染源引起的污染等；2．人类活动对生态环境及生物有意或无意造成的负面影响及解决方法；3．人类应对自然灾害、极端天气等的努力；4．人类为保护环境及野生动植物采取的措施。语言特点：此类文章通过开门见山的方法表明作者的观点，并常常在文中使用长难句，增加理解难度。 1.主旨大意题：研读文章开头，找准文章中心；通过分析文章结构并细读内容，再次核准。2．有关措施的细节理解题：关注措施实施的原因及效果。通过题干关键词，定位原文中信息的出处，特别关注同义转述。3．标题归纳题：关注话题的关键词及其在文中的落脚点。说明文不同于记叙文，其标题更加直接、客观和中肯。4．观点态度题：对人类做出的努力持有积极、支持的态度；对现有的问题表示担忧；对现行的措施，根据其有效性，决定是否支持。
(2024·浙江卷1月阅读C)On September 7，1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary's southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary Edmonton urban area from hail，” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they're increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought，” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma.“In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas，” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr.Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加拿大艾伯塔地区的冰雹干预项目和不同人士对该项目的态度。
28．What does the project aim to do
A．Conserve moisture in the soil.
B．Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C．Forecast disastrous hailstorms.
D．Investigate chemical use in farming.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Airplanes seed threatening storm cells...before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.”可知，这个项目的目的是防止冰雹的形成。
29．Who are opposed to the project
A．Farmers in east central Alberta.
B．Managers of insurance companies.
C．Provincial government officials.
D．Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But farmers in east central Alberta...from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.”可知，艾伯塔中东部的农民反对这个项目。
30．Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999
A．To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B．To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C．To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D．To show the link between storms and moisture.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可推知，多斯韦尔博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了暗示人工降雨可能带来的危险。
31．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B．Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C．The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D．Cloud seeding companies will continue to exist.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Due to the lack of scientific proof...can proceed in relative legal safety.”可推知，人工降雨公司将继续存在。
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.”
Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。作者通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描述介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时指出要保护大自然。
32．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text
A．Pocket parks are now popular.
B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C．Many cities are overpopulated.
D．People enjoy living close to nature.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find”及“it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。
33．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories
A．To compare different types of park goers.
B．To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C．To analyze the main features of the park.
D．To find patterns in the visitors' summaries.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories...began to emerge.”可知，研究人员将参与者提交的文件分类是为了从访客的总结材料中找出类别规律。
34．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5
A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C．The same nature experience takes different forms.
D．The nature language enhances work performance.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段所举的例子“the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break.”可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，工作日可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。
35．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn
A．Language study.
B．Environmental conservation.
C．Public education.
D．Intercultural communication.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中卡恩的话“And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it”可知，我们在与大自然互动之前需要保护自然。
高考必备词汇 [Text 1]as a result结果 precious adj. 珍稀的 provincial adj. 省的 drought n. 旱灾 in practice实际上 concerning prep. 关于 proceed v. 继续 [Text 2]interaction n. 相互作用 category n. 类型，种类 pattern n. 模式 recognize v. 认识generate v. 生成 phenomenon n. 现象
四六级桥梁词汇 [Text 1]crystal n. 晶体 lawsuit n. 诉讼；起诉 [Text 2]wellness n. 健康 submission n. 提交的文件 emerge v. 浮现，出现 encounter v. 遭遇；偶遇 domestic adj. 国内的，本国的
合成词、派生词 [Text 1]threatening adj. 危险的 east central adj. 东中部的；位于中心区域偏东的 downwind adv. 顺风地 doubter n. 抱怀疑态度的人 cloud seeding adj. 人工降雨 [Text 2]park goer n. 去公园的人 usable adj. 可用的，能用的 overpopulated adj. 人口过剩的 intercultural adj. 跨文化的
熟词生义 [Text 1]costly (熟义) adj. 昂贵的 (文章义) adj. 造成损失的 seed (熟义) n. 种子 (文章义) v. 投放 farm (熟义) n. 农场 (文章义) v. 务农 address (熟义) n. 地址 (文章义) v. 讨论 [Text 2]balloon (熟义)n. 气球 (文章义) v. 膨胀 name (熟义) n. 名字 (文章义) v. 给……命名
长难句分析 [Text 1]Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中动词不定式to make small ice crystals...作目的状语；before 引导时间状语从句。[译文] 飞机用一种化学物质在有威胁的风暴云团中 “播种”，以便在小冰晶长成危险的冰雹之前使其作为雨落下。[Text 2]Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. [分析] 本句是复合句。句中“Naming each nature experience”为动词 ing形式作主语；which引导非限制性定语从句，定语从句中又包含that引导的定语从句。[译文] 命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。