2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 文体篇4 高考群文阅读之说明文高频话题专练 专练一 科普科技类-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习
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| 名称 | 2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 文体篇4 高考群文阅读之说明文高频话题专练 专练一 科普科技类-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习 |
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| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
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专练一 科普科技类
[话题解读] [高分策略]
科普科技类是高考考查的重点也是难点。由于其话题本身的特点，理解障碍也较多：一方面是话题本身的难度，另一方面是语言方面的难度。选材及内容：以普及科学文化知识、介绍科学技术的发展及进步为主。文章结构清晰严谨，逻辑性强。语言特点：涉及较多的学术词汇，往往使用被动语态和长难句。 1.主旨大意题或标题归纳题：把握好文章中心或关键话题。2．特殊疑问词what或why提问的推理判断题：从题干中标出关键信息词，在原文中定位答案出处。3．写作手法题：常见的有下定义、举例子、作比较、列数字等。
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored.Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家旨在为人们提供新鲜食材的巴比伦微农场公司。
28．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A．It guarantees the variety of food.
B．It requires day to day care.
C．It cuts the farm to table distance.
D．It relies on farmer's markets.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However, most produce at the store...before reaching the table.”和“Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more”可知，巴比伦微农场公司大大缩短了农产品从农场到餐桌的运输距离。
29．What information does the convenient app offer
A．Real time weather changes.
B．Current condition of the plants.
C．Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D．Availability of pre seeded pods.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time”可知，这个便捷的应用程序实时提供(植物的)生长数据。
30．What can be concluded about BMF employees
A．They have a great passion for sports.
B．They are devoted to community service.
C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D．They have a strong environmental awareness.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中对巴比伦微农场公司员工的生活和工作情况的描述以及巴比伦微农场公司员工的自述可知，巴比伦微农场公司的员工有着强烈的环保意识。
31．What does the text mainly talk about
A．BMF's major strengths.
B．BMF's general management.
C．BMF's global influence.
D．BMF's technical standards.
A 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从各个方面凸显了巴比伦微农场公司的优势，如减少食物运输距离、节约用水、不使用农药等。
(2023·浙江卷1月阅读D)According to the Solar Energy Industries Association, the number of solar panels installed (安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
“Solar projects need to be good neighbors，” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment (InSPIRE) project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators (传粉昆虫).
Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U．S. agricultural economy.Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.“These pollinator friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that's going on in the landscape，” says Macknick.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。
32．What do solar developers often ignore
A．The decline in the demand for solar energy.
B．The negative impact of installing solar panels.
C．The rising labor cost of building solar farms.
D．The most recent advances in solar technology.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones...see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.”可知，开发者时常忽略安装太阳能板带来的负面影响。
33．What does InSPIRE aim to do
A．Improve the productivity of local farms.
B．Invent new methods for controlling weeds.
C．Make solar projects environmentally friendly.
D．Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating...that is kinder to the land.”可知，InSPIRE项目正在寻求一种对土地友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使太阳能项目更加环保。
34．What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4
A．To conserve pollinators.
B．To restrict solar development.
C.To diversify the economy.
D．To ensure the supply of energy.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.”可知，这些法律都与保护传粉昆虫栖息地和农药使用相关，其目的是保护传粉昆虫。
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Pollinators：To Leave or to Stay
B．Solar Energy：Hope for the Future
C．InSPIRE：A Leader in Agriculture
D．Solar Farms：A New Development
D 解析：标题归纳题。文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题：太阳能电池板对环境尤其是农业环境的消极影响。第三段给出了解决方案：建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第四、五段介绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影响。因此，文章介绍的是一种新型的太阳能农场，D项最适合作文章的标题。
高考必备词汇 [Text 1]innovative adj. 创新的 specifically adv. 具体地 rely on依靠 monitor v. 监控 in addition此外；而且 live out实践 be passionate about对……充满激情 [Text 2]rapidly adv. 迅速地，快速地 concept n. 观念；概念 chemical n. 化学制品 community n. 社区 especially adv. 特别，尤其 region n. 地区 economy n. 经济 investigate v. 调查；研究 practical adj. 实际的 establish v. 建立，设立 strategy n. 战略 habitat n. 栖息地 dramatic adj. 急剧的 decline n. 减少，下降 guideline n. 准则，指南，指导方针 shelter n. 庇护处 landscape n. 景观 ignore v. 忽视 negative adj. 消极的 invent v. 发明，创造 promote v. 促进 rural adj. 乡村的 conserve v. 保护 restrict v. 限制，约束
四六级桥梁词汇 [Text 1]pesticide n. 杀虫剂 sustainability n. 持续性 [Text 2]pollinator n. 传粉昆虫；传粉者 pollinator friendliness n. 传粉昆虫友好性
合成词、派生词 [Text 1]shorten v. 缩短 additionally adv. 另外 single use adj. 一次性的 [Text 2]developer n. 开发者 protector n. 保护者agricultural adj. 农业的 low impact adj. 低影响的 reduction n. 减少，降低 productivity n. 生产力，生产率 diversify v. (使)多样化
熟词生义 [Text 1]produce (熟义) v. 生产 (文章义) n. 农产品 cover (熟义) v. 覆盖 (文章义) v. 行走(一段路程) solid (熟义) adj. 固体的 (文章义) adj. 可靠的；坚实的 green (熟义) adj. 绿色的 (文章义) n. (pl.) 绿色蔬菜 bike (熟义) n. 自行车 (文章义) v. 骑自行车
长难句分析 [Text 1]Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中having a system...是动名词短语作主语，means是谓语动词；其中where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词building。[译文] 此外，在食物被食用的同一栋建筑里有一个系统意味着从土壤中的植物到沙拉的运输过程中零排放。[Text 2]Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.[分析] 句中包含现在完成时的标志词；“resulting in...reduction”为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。[译文] 在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成了各种传粉昆虫的庇护所，从而改善了土壤和减少了碳排放。
[话题解读] [高分策略]
科普科技类是高考考查的重点也是难点。由于其话题本身的特点，理解障碍也较多：一方面是话题本身的难度，另一方面是语言方面的难度。选材及内容：以普及科学文化知识、介绍科学技术的发展及进步为主。文章结构清晰严谨，逻辑性强。语言特点：涉及较多的学术词汇，往往使用被动语态和长难句。 1.主旨大意题或标题归纳题：把握好文章中心或关键话题。2．特殊疑问词what或why提问的推理判断题：从题干中标出关键信息词，在原文中定位答案出处。3．写作手法题：常见的有下定义、举例子、作比较、列数字等。
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读C)We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored.Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一家旨在为人们提供新鲜食材的巴比伦微农场公司。
28．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A．It guarantees the variety of food.
B．It requires day to day care.
C．It cuts the farm to table distance.
D．It relies on farmer's markets.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However, most produce at the store...before reaching the table.”和“Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more”可知，巴比伦微农场公司大大缩短了农产品从农场到餐桌的运输距离。
29．What information does the convenient app offer
A．Real time weather changes.
B．Current condition of the plants.
C．Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D．Availability of pre seeded pods.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time”可知，这个便捷的应用程序实时提供(植物的)生长数据。
30．What can be concluded about BMF employees
A．They have a great passion for sports.
B．They are devoted to community service.
C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D．They have a strong environmental awareness.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中对巴比伦微农场公司员工的生活和工作情况的描述以及巴比伦微农场公司员工的自述可知，巴比伦微农场公司的员工有着强烈的环保意识。
31．What does the text mainly talk about
A．BMF's major strengths.
B．BMF's general management.
C．BMF's global influence.
D．BMF's technical standards.
A 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从各个方面凸显了巴比伦微农场公司的优势，如减少食物运输距离、节约用水、不使用农药等。
(2023·浙江卷1月阅读D)According to the Solar Energy Industries Association, the number of solar panels installed (安装) has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them.
Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.
“Solar projects need to be good neighbors，” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment (InSPIRE) project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators (传粉昆虫).
Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U．S. agricultural economy.Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms.
Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.“These pollinator friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that's going on in the landscape，” says Macknick.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。
32．What do solar developers often ignore
A．The decline in the demand for solar energy.
B．The negative impact of installing solar panels.
C．The rising labor cost of building solar farms.
D．The most recent advances in solar technology.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones...see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.”可知，开发者时常忽略安装太阳能板带来的负面影响。
33．What does InSPIRE aim to do
A．Improve the productivity of local farms.
B．Invent new methods for controlling weeds.
C．Make solar projects environmentally friendly.
D．Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating...that is kinder to the land.”可知，InSPIRE项目正在寻求一种对土地友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使太阳能项目更加环保。
34．What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4
A．To conserve pollinators.
B．To restrict solar development.
C.To diversify the economy.
D．To ensure the supply of energy.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.”可知，这些法律都与保护传粉昆虫栖息地和农药使用相关，其目的是保护传粉昆虫。
35．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Pollinators：To Leave or to Stay
B．Solar Energy：Hope for the Future
C．InSPIRE：A Leader in Agriculture
D．Solar Farms：A New Development
D 解析：标题归纳题。文章第一、二段主要指出目前存在的问题：太阳能电池板对环境尤其是农业环境的消极影响。第三段给出了解决方案：建立和经营对土地更友好的太阳能农场。第四、五段介绍了传粉昆虫友好型太阳能农场建设的积极影响。因此，文章介绍的是一种新型的太阳能农场，D项最适合作文章的标题。
高考必备词汇 [Text 1]innovative adj. 创新的 specifically adv. 具体地 rely on依靠 monitor v. 监控 in addition此外；而且 live out实践 be passionate about对……充满激情 [Text 2]rapidly adv. 迅速地，快速地 concept n. 观念；概念 chemical n. 化学制品 community n. 社区 especially adv. 特别，尤其 region n. 地区 economy n. 经济 investigate v. 调查；研究 practical adj. 实际的 establish v. 建立，设立 strategy n. 战略 habitat n. 栖息地 dramatic adj. 急剧的 decline n. 减少，下降 guideline n. 准则，指南，指导方针 shelter n. 庇护处 landscape n. 景观 ignore v. 忽视 negative adj. 消极的 invent v. 发明，创造 promote v. 促进 rural adj. 乡村的 conserve v. 保护 restrict v. 限制，约束
四六级桥梁词汇 [Text 1]pesticide n. 杀虫剂 sustainability n. 持续性 [Text 2]pollinator n. 传粉昆虫；传粉者 pollinator friendliness n. 传粉昆虫友好性
合成词、派生词 [Text 1]shorten v. 缩短 additionally adv. 另外 single use adj. 一次性的 [Text 2]developer n. 开发者 protector n. 保护者agricultural adj. 农业的 low impact adj. 低影响的 reduction n. 减少，降低 productivity n. 生产力，生产率 diversify v. (使)多样化
熟词生义 [Text 1]produce (熟义) v. 生产 (文章义) n. 农产品 cover (熟义) v. 覆盖 (文章义) v. 行走(一段路程) solid (熟义) adj. 固体的 (文章义) adj. 可靠的；坚实的 green (熟义) adj. 绿色的 (文章义) n. (pl.) 绿色蔬菜 bike (熟义) n. 自行车 (文章义) v. 骑自行车
长难句分析 [Text 1]Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中having a system...是动名词短语作主语，means是谓语动词；其中where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词building。[译文] 此外，在食物被食用的同一栋建筑里有一个系统意味着从土壤中的植物到沙拉的运输过程中零排放。[Text 2]Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.[分析] 句中包含现在完成时的标志词；“resulting in...reduction”为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。[译文] 在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成了各种传粉昆虫的庇护所，从而改善了土壤和减少了碳排放。