2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 文体篇6 高考群文阅读之说明文高频话题专练 专练三 人文社科类-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习
文档属性
| 名称 | 2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 文体篇6 高考群文阅读之说明文高频话题专练 专练三 人文社科类-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习 |
|
|
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 82.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
专练三 人文社科类
[话题解读] [高分策略]
人文社科类更多地注重以人为本，关心人民生活质量，爱护社会生活环境，尊重不同的生活方式。保障和改善民生、注重人文关怀是高考的命题热点。选材及内容：从物质生活的衣食住行到精神生活，从社会保障到就业，从民族文化特色到人类共同面对的挑战(如老龄化等)。语言特点：文章会使用一些复杂的长难句，并且使用较多的学术词汇。 1.标题归纳题：研读文章开头和结尾，包括小标题(如有)，标出语篇的关键词，确定最佳标题。2．观点态度题：(1)出题点有两个方面，一是对有关人文民生现象的观点态度；二是对应对措施的观点态度。(2)特别注意的是要基于原文信息做出合理推测，不要只根据基本常识或已有认知做出判断。3．细节理解题：把握题干中的关键信息，然后定位原文中的信息出处，通过原词复现及同义转述等技巧确定答案。
(2024·全国甲卷阅读C)The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X ray scans and prescriptions.
“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning，” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.
Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.
The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种医疗列车，该列车为俄罗斯一些偏远地区提供医疗服务。
28．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains
A．It runs across countries.
B．It reserves seats for the seniors.
C．It functions as a hospital.
D．It travels along a river.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Saint Lukas is one of five government sponsored medical trains...X ray scans and prescriptions.”可知，该列车是政府资助的医疗列车，列车上有医生、护士以及基本的医疗设备。
29．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk
A.It is heavily populated.
B．It offers training for doctors.
C．It is a modern city.
D．It needs medical aid.
D 解析：推理判断题。第三段首句提到俄罗斯的公共医疗服务急需现代化。再结合第三段中的“address the problem，particularly in the poorer，rural areas...motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk”可推知，该地区是俄罗斯一个贫穷的、医疗条件差的偏远乡村，需要医疗援助。
30．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply
A．About a year. B．About ten months.
C．About two months. D．About two weeks.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For 10 months...to refuel and restock.”可知，该列车一次补给可以工作两周左右。
31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful.
C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中杜克所说的话可知，他对该列车的服务的态度是赞赏的。
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一本书，该书解释了何为数字极简主义并提供了实现极简主义生活方式的方法。
28．What is the book aimed at
A．Teaching critical thinking skills.
B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C．Solving philosophical problems.
D．Promoting the use of a digital device.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism”可知，本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。
29．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Clear up. B．Add on.
C．Check in. D．Take over.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“step away from”可知，画线词表示“清除、清理”，A项含义与画线词含义相近。
30．What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A．Theoretical models.
B．Statistical methods.
C．Practical examples.
D．Historical analyses.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the final chapter of part one...your own digital declutter.”和“You'll hear these participants' stories”可知，第一部分的最后一章提供了真实的例子。
31．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A．Use them as needed.
B．Recommend them to friends.
C．Evaluate their effects.
D．Identify the ideas behind them.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“You can view these practices as a toolbox...works for your particular circumstances.”可知，作者建议读者在需要的时候使用这些方法。
高考必备词汇 [Text 1]an average of平均…… on board在船(车、飞机等)上 make an appointment预约 come up with提出 financial adj. 财政的；金融的 motivate v. 激励 [Text 2]make the case 提出理由；论证 detailed adj. 详细的 foundation n. 基础start with 以……开始 step away from 远离 optional adj. 可选择的 massive adj. 巨大的 draw on 利用 encounter v. 遇到 chapter n. 章；节 device n. 设备；仪器
四六级桥梁词汇 [Text 1]prescription n. 处方；药方 refuel v. 补充燃料 [Text 2]minimalism n. 极简主义 philosophy n. 哲学
合成词、派生词 [Text 1]government sponsored adj. 政府资助的 modernization n. 现代化 checkup n. 健康检查 [Text 2]intolerable adj. 不能容忍的 high quality adj. 高质量的 toolbox n. 工具箱
熟词生义 [Text 1]stop (熟义) v. 停止 (文章义) n. 车站 address (熟义) n．地址 (文章义) v．设法解决 [Text 2]run (熟义) v. 跑 (文章义) v. 进行
长难句分析 [Text 1]The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.[分析] 本句是简单句。句中动词不定式to address the problem作目的状语；including arranging...and expanding...是现在分词短语作补充说明，进一步解释政府采取的措施。 [译文] 政府一直在努力提出解决这个问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫困的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约以及扩大财政援助计划，以激励医生在像克拉诺亚尔斯克这样的国家偏远地区行医。[Text 2]At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中that引导定语从句，修饰online activities, you believe作插入语；you value是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰 things。[译文] 在三十天结束时，你将重新添加一些你精心挑选的在线活动，你认为这些活动会对你重视的事情产生巨大的好处。
[话题解读] [高分策略]
人文社科类更多地注重以人为本，关心人民生活质量，爱护社会生活环境，尊重不同的生活方式。保障和改善民生、注重人文关怀是高考的命题热点。选材及内容：从物质生活的衣食住行到精神生活，从社会保障到就业，从民族文化特色到人类共同面对的挑战(如老龄化等)。语言特点：文章会使用一些复杂的长难句，并且使用较多的学术词汇。 1.标题归纳题：研读文章开头和结尾，包括小标题(如有)，标出语篇的关键词，确定最佳标题。2．观点态度题：(1)出题点有两个方面，一是对有关人文民生现象的观点态度；二是对应对措施的观点态度。(2)特别注意的是要基于原文信息做出合理推测，不要只根据基本常识或已有认知做出判断。3．细节理解题：把握题干中的关键信息，然后定位原文中的信息出处，通过原词复现及同义转述等技巧确定答案。
(2024·全国甲卷阅读C)The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X ray scans and prescriptions.
“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning，” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.
Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.
The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种医疗列车，该列车为俄罗斯一些偏远地区提供医疗服务。
28．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains
A．It runs across countries.
B．It reserves seats for the seniors.
C．It functions as a hospital.
D．It travels along a river.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Saint Lukas is one of five government sponsored medical trains...X ray scans and prescriptions.”可知，该列车是政府资助的医疗列车，列车上有医生、护士以及基本的医疗设备。
29．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk
A.It is heavily populated.
B．It offers training for doctors.
C．It is a modern city.
D．It needs medical aid.
D 解析：推理判断题。第三段首句提到俄罗斯的公共医疗服务急需现代化。再结合第三段中的“address the problem，particularly in the poorer，rural areas...motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk”可推知，该地区是俄罗斯一个贫穷的、医疗条件差的偏远乡村，需要医疗援助。
30．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply
A．About a year. B．About ten months.
C．About two months. D．About two weeks.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For 10 months...to refuel and restock.”可知，该列车一次补给可以工作两周左右。
31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful.
C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious.
A 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中杜克所说的话可知，他对该列车的服务的态度是赞赏的。
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1，600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一本书，该书解释了何为数字极简主义并提供了实现极简主义生活方式的方法。
28．What is the book aimed at
A．Teaching critical thinking skills.
B．Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C．Solving philosophical problems.
D．Promoting the use of a digital device.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism”可知，本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。
29．What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Clear up. B．Add on.
C．Check in. D．Take over.
A 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“step away from”可知，画线词表示“清除、清理”，A项含义与画线词含义相近。
30．What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A．Theoretical models.
B．Statistical methods.
C．Practical examples.
D．Historical analyses.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the final chapter of part one...your own digital declutter.”和“You'll hear these participants' stories”可知，第一部分的最后一章提供了真实的例子。
31．What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A．Use them as needed.
B．Recommend them to friends.
C．Evaluate their effects.
D．Identify the ideas behind them.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“You can view these practices as a toolbox...works for your particular circumstances.”可知，作者建议读者在需要的时候使用这些方法。
高考必备词汇 [Text 1]an average of平均…… on board在船(车、飞机等)上 make an appointment预约 come up with提出 financial adj. 财政的；金融的 motivate v. 激励 [Text 2]make the case 提出理由；论证 detailed adj. 详细的 foundation n. 基础start with 以……开始 step away from 远离 optional adj. 可选择的 massive adj. 巨大的 draw on 利用 encounter v. 遇到 chapter n. 章；节 device n. 设备；仪器
四六级桥梁词汇 [Text 1]prescription n. 处方；药方 refuel v. 补充燃料 [Text 2]minimalism n. 极简主义 philosophy n. 哲学
合成词、派生词 [Text 1]government sponsored adj. 政府资助的 modernization n. 现代化 checkup n. 健康检查 [Text 2]intolerable adj. 不能容忍的 high quality adj. 高质量的 toolbox n. 工具箱
熟词生义 [Text 1]stop (熟义) v. 停止 (文章义) n. 车站 address (熟义) n．地址 (文章义) v．设法解决 [Text 2]run (熟义) v. 跑 (文章义) v. 进行
长难句分析 [Text 1]The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.[分析] 本句是简单句。句中动词不定式to address the problem作目的状语；including arranging...and expanding...是现在分词短语作补充说明，进一步解释政府采取的措施。 [译文] 政府一直在努力提出解决这个问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫困的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约以及扩大财政援助计划，以激励医生在像克拉诺亚尔斯克这样的国家偏远地区行医。[Text 2]At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中that引导定语从句，修饰online activities, you believe作插入语；you value是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰 things。[译文] 在三十天结束时，你将重新添加一些你精心挑选的在线活动，你认为这些活动会对你重视的事情产生巨大的好处。