2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 文体篇12 文体五 新闻报道——报道实时抓实效，客观中立述事实-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习
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| 名称 | 2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 文体篇12 文体五 新闻报道——报道实时抓实效，客观中立述事实-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习 |
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| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
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文体五 新闻报道——报道实时抓实效，客观中立述事实
新闻报道，即对最近发生的事实进行报道。新闻报道往往反映报道者对客观事实的主观反应。其主要结构为：
标题 准确、简洁、生动和实在；往往利用悬念、比喻、拟人手法，使之更具吸引力
导语 位于段首，往往是首句或第一段的尾句；高度概括新闻内容，包括5W(When、Where、Who、What、Why)
背景 提供新闻事件发生、发展的环境或条件，起说明、补充的作用
主体 承接导语，详述新闻事实，使其具体而完整，并阐述导语所揭示的主题，或回答导语中提出的问题
结语 位于结尾，可以是最后一句话、最后一段或最后一个层次；总结新闻事件及其影响或介绍其进一步发展
新闻的内容体现“用事实说话”的特点。其语言客观真实，常常使用被动语态及引言，并灵活使用代词。
高频设题 策略解读
细节理解题 根据新闻报道中的关键信息、细节描述及新闻背后的含义进行解读、分析
写作意图题、主旨大意题 关注导语，因为它简明扼要地揭示新闻的主旨或核心内容
标题归纳题 新闻报道一般不出现标题，往往会设置标题归纳题
推理判断题 一定要基于原文，不可过分渲染，也不可过分省略
【2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读B】
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts' classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands on experiments such as soil testing, flower and seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside，” she says, “and they feel successful.”
24．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A.She used to be a health worker.
B.She grew up in a low income family.
C.She owns a fast food restaurant.
D.She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
25．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A.The kids' parents distrusted her.
B.Students had little time for her classes.
C.Some kids disliked garden work.
D.There was no space for school gardens.
26．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A.Far reaching. B．Predictable.
C.Short lived. D．Unidentifiable.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Rescuing School Gardens
B.Experiencing Country Life
C.Growing Vegetable Lovers
D.Changing Local Landscape
答案：24～27.DCAC
【解题思路】
浏览文章，判断文体
在做新闻类阅读理解题时，我们首先通过新闻独有的语篇特征，如导语、信息源等，判断是否是新闻类语篇；然后，根据文章结构特点和题型特点去文章相应部分寻找答案，这样可以节约时间。
利用导语，掌握核心
导语往往包括了新闻最具价值的内容，与主旨密切相关，是对新闻事件本质、新闻人物的突出特点和社会现象背后的原因等最凝练的概括，是写作意图题、主旨大意题的重要判断依据。
深入细节，定位分析
细节理解题是新闻类语篇的主要考查题型，做题时我们要有“题目意识”，即由题干关键词把握命题意图和答题要点，解题时多使用“同义转换”和“定位原文”两种方法。
结合主旨，理解引语
引语是新闻类语篇中的点睛之笔，用来体现作者或者文中相关人物的观点、态度，用来佐证支撑主旨。在答题时我们要有“语境意识”，即联系文章主旨和上下文语境分析判断作者的写作意图或者说话人的情感态度。
【解题流程】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一个学校菜园项目的启动背景、目的、内容和意义。
第24题是细节理解题，解题时可使用“定位原文”法。根据题干关键词Abby Jaramillo可以定位到文章第一段，根据该段中的“says Abby Jaramillo...started Urban Sprouts”可知，艾比·贾拉米洛是该项目的创始人之一。
第25题是细节理解题，解题时可使用“同义转换”法。根据第二段中的“‘They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.’ Though some are initially...turned off by the dirt”可知，这个项目刚开始时，贾拉米洛面临的一个问题就是有些学生不喜欢园艺工作。
第26题是推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，该项目不仅让学生吃得更有营养，而且对那些有情绪控制问题的学生有镇定作用。由此可推知，该项目的影响是深远的。
第27题是标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了老师发起了一个学校菜园项目，使学生们爱上园艺并开始种菜的故事。
Ⅰ.挑战地道外刊
题源：The Washington Post
New research on Washington D．C.'s multimillion dollar tutoring program has shown that students who received frequent, small group tutoring sessions made significant progress in their reading and math scores after returning to in person classes. The study, conducted by Stanford University, also found that these students attended more classes and felt a stronger sense of belonging at school.
The “high impact tutoring” initiative, launched in 2022 with a budget of $33 million, was designed to help students who fell behind for some reason. By providing intensive, research backed tutoring, the program aimed to close the academic gap between these students and their peers. The results so far are promising, with students who participated in the tutoring program showing marked improvements in their academic performance.
The program focused particularly on children and students from low income families, who have historically had less access to tutoring services. By the end of the school year, students who received more than 20 tutoring sessions were performing closer to the level of their peers who did not receive tutoring. This success is especially remarkable given the widespread disruptions to education, where many students experienced significant learning loss.
Despite the success, the program faces challenges as much of the funding came from one time federal (联邦的) relief funds, which are set to expire soon. The city plans to allocate $4.8 million from local funds to continue the program in the next school year, but sustaining and expanding these efforts will be difficult as resources become more limited.
The study also highlighted some differences in how tutoring was provided. For instance, English learners were more likely to receive math tutoring than reading help, possibly because they have already received services aimed at improving their English skills. Additionally, students with disabilities attended fewer tutoring sessions, likely due to their participation in other specialized interventions.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了华盛顿特区辅导计划的成功及面临的挑战。
1．What is the primary function of the first paragraph in the passage
A.To introduce the overall success of the tutoring program.
B.To provide a detailed explanation of the study's methodology.
C.To highlight the challenges faced by the program.
D.To compare different educational initiatives in Washington D．C.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段的主要作用是引出下文，介绍华盛顿特区辅导计划的整体成功。
2．What does the underlined word “expire” in paragraph 4 most likely mean
A.Increase. B．Run out.
C.Be renewed. D．Expand.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及Despite可知，画线词应是与成功相反的意思；根据句意可知，此处指的是资金即将用完或到期。
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph of the passage
A.Tailoring education to individual needs.
B.Perseverance leads to success.
C.Every student learns differently.
D.A strong foundation is key to learning.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段讨论了如何根据学生的具体需求提供辅导服务，强调了因材施教的重要性。
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A.Overcoming Financial Hurdles in Education
B.New Approach: High impact Tutoring in Washington D．C.
C.The Decline of Traditional Learning Program
D.The Factors Leading to Educational Success
B 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕华盛顿特区的 “高影响力辅导” 计划展开，介绍了该计划的实施、成果以及面临的挑战等。B项最适合作文章的标题。
仿写文章内容，完成下面小片段
The “high impact tutoring” initiative, launched in 2022 with a budget of $33 million, was designed to help students 1.who__fell__behind__for__some__reason(定语从句：因为某种原因落后的). By providing intensive, research backed tutoring, the program aimed to close the academic gap between these students and their peers. The results so far are promising, 2.with__students__who__participated__in__the__tutoring__program__showing__marked__improvements(with复合结构：参加辅导计划的学生有了明显的提高) in their academic performance. This success is especially remarkable given the widespread disruptions to education, 3.where__many__students__experienced__significant__learning__loss(定语从句：许多学生在这方面经历了重大的学习损失).
The study also highlighted some differences in how tutoring was provided. For instance, English learners were more likely to receive math tutoring than reading help, possibly because they have already received services 4.aimed__at__improving__their__English__skills(过去分词短语作后置定语：旨在提高他们的英语技能).
Ⅱ.模拟实战演练
A
(2024·浙江名校协作体联考)In the joyful summer Chadalavada spent with Jayasree, his grandmother, the pair watched endless movies. Late one evening, Jayasree, who had recently been diagnosed with Alzheimer's, got up in her nightdress and went to make tea at her home in India. After she returned to her bedroom, Chadalavada went into the kitchen to find that his grandmother had left the gas on!
Chadalavada decided to invent a wearable device to help people like his grandmother. Now aged 17, Chadalavada is ready to start making the Alpha Monitor. The device, which can be worn as an armband, sets off an alarm when the wearer with Alzheimer's starts to move and warns a caregiver if the patient falls or wanders off.
Most similar devices run on Wi Fi or Bluetooth, so when a person moves out of their frequencies' limited range the connection is lost and with it the monitoring. But the Alpha Monitor can detect a person more than a mile away in cities and three miles in the countryside thanks to the long range technology, known as LoRa, it uses.
Teaching himself with online videos about robotics and electronics, Chadalavada has developed several prototypes. To understand the needs of people with Alzheimer's, he spent time in a day centre run by the Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India. There, the cofounder told him that the device “had to be something light that can be worn on any part of the body”. She says，“Many patients don't like having to wear a watch and they take it off.”
In March, when Chadalavada's school exams are over, he will put the finishing touches to the monitor, with the aim of getting the device ready for market by September. He is confident that it should be sold at an affordable price for most people.
Chadalavada hopes to study robotics at a university abroad. His aim is simple：“I want to create products to help people in India for the whole world.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了查达拉瓦达研发出阿尔法监测仪来帮助监测阿尔茨海默症患者。
1．Why did Chadalavada invent the Alpha Monitor
A.To treat Alzheimer's.
B.To entertain senior citizens.
C.To improve Alzheimer's caregiving.
D.To ensure fire safety at the elderly's homes.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Late one evening...at her home in India.”和第二段中的“Chadalavada decided to invent a wearable device...start making the Alpha Monitor.”可知，查达拉瓦达发明阿尔法监测仪是为了改善阿尔茨海默症的护理。
2．What is an advantage of the Alpha Monitor
A.It is more comfortable to wear.
B.It has a longer service time.
C.It offers a remoter monitoring.
D.It uses higher frequency controls.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But the Alpha Monitor can detect...it uses.”可知，阿尔法监测仪的优点是它提供了较远的监测。
3．What did Chadalavada want to explore while he spent time in a day centre
A.Where his invention could be polished.
B.What people with Alzheimer's felt like.
C.How Alzheimer's disease could be cured.
D.Whether his invention would be profitable.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To understand the needs of...the Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India.”和第五段第一句可知，查达拉瓦达在日托中心想要探索他的发明有什么地方可以被改进。
4．What can we learn about Chadalavada from the passage
A.He enjoys living simply.
B.He has an innovative mind.
C.He used to be a health worker.
D.He longs to be a robotic professor.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Now aged 17, Chadalavada is ready to start making the Alpha Monitor.”可知，查达拉瓦达研发了阿尔法监测仪来帮助监测阿尔茨海默症患者，由此可推知，他是有创新的头脑的。
B
(2024·嘉兴二模)Meat cultivated from cells—with no need to raise and kill animals—is now a reality. The process of cultivating meat uses the basic elements needed to build muscle and fat and enables the same biological process that happens inside an animal. Cultivated meat is identical to conventional meat at the cellular level. But can it be made cheaply enough to replace animal agriculture
More than 150 startups are pursuing an ambitious goal: meat that doesn't require raising and killing animals and that is affordable and tastes and feels like the meat we eat now. They are part of a young industry aiming to use cell biology to reduce the environmental impact of the world's ever－increasing demand for meat and change global protein production in the way electric cars are shaking up the auto industry.
“We are addicted to meat as a species. It's part of our culture，” said Believer founder Yaakov Nahmias. “But we thought about quantity rather than the environment, rather than sustainability.”
Although there are dozens of companies making this meat, none have yet reached commercial level production in terms of scale or cost. From cell line development to bio－processor design, there are a number of scientific challenges to meet before cultivated meat is widely available at the market. Government policy is another challenge. Only Singapore and the U．S. allow sales of cultivated meat.
And while many people who have tried it say they like it, others find the idea distasteful. A recent survey from The Associated Press－NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that half of U．S. adults would be unlikely to try it. When they were asked why, about half said they didn't think it would be safe. Even Nahmias' 10－year－old son Oren said he would only eat traditional meat. “I feel bad” for the animals, he said, “but they are yummy！”
“Until this meat costs and tastes the same as traditional meat, it will remain a specialized product，” said Bruce Friedrich, president of the Good Food Institute.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了用细胞培植的肉的发展和人们对此的看法。
5．Why does the author ask a question in the first paragraph
A.To indicate an opinion.
B.To present a worry.
C.To make an assumption.
D.To start a discussion.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段及下文内容可推知，作者在第一段提出了一个问题是为了引出关于细胞培植肉是否能以足够低的成本取代畜牧业这个话题的讨论。
6．What does the cultivated meat industry aim to do
A.Study cell biology.
B.Provide sustainable protein.
C.End world hunger.
D.Help the traditional food industry.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are part of a young industry aiming...in the way electric cars are shaking up the auto industry.”可知，培植肉类行业的目的是提供可持续的蛋白质。
7．What can we infer about cultivated meat
A.It is unripe for mass production.
B.It is as popular as traditional meat.
C.It is safer than traditional meat.
D.It is competitive in price and quantity.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“From cell line development to bio－processor design...before
cultivated meat is widely available at the market. ”可推知，培植肉类的大规模生产还未成熟。
8．What is Bruce Friedrich's attitude to the future of cultivated meat
A.Enthusiastic. B．Dismissive.
C.Unclear. D．Conservative.
D 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知，布鲁斯·弗里德里希对培植肉持有保守的态度。
高考必备词汇 [外刊]a sense of belonging 一种归属感 initiative n．倡议；新方案 launch v. 发起 budget n. 预算 fall behind落后 promising adj. 有希望的；有前途的 marked adj. 显著的；明显的 sustain v. 维持 intervention n. 干预；介入 [A篇]be diagnosed with...被诊断为…… device n．设备 wander off离群走散；漫步 detect v．发现；查明 with the aim of...目的是…… [B篇]element n. 要素；元素 muscle n. 肌肉 biological adj. 生物学的 identical adj. 相同的 conventional adj. 传统的 pursue v. 追求；致力于 ambitious adj. 有雄心的 shake up 彻底调整；使发生重大变化 be addicted to对……上瘾 in terms of 就……而言 specialized adj. 专用的；专门的
四六级桥梁词汇 [外刊]tutoring n. 辅导 disruption n. 扰乱；中断 allocate v. 分配；拨……给 [A篇]prototype n．模型 [B篇]cultivated adj. 栽培的，培植的 cellular adj. 细胞的 startup n. 新兴公司 distasteful adj. 令人反感的；讨厌的
合成词、派生词 [外刊]small group adj. 小组的 in person adj. 面对面的 low income adj. 低收入的 [A篇]nightdress n．睡衣；睡袍 armband n．臂章 affordable adj.买得起的 [B篇]ever increasing adj. 不断增长的 commercial level adj. 商业级别的
熟词生义 [外刊]session (熟义) n. 一段时间 (文章义) n. 一系列课程里的一次课 close (熟义) v. 关闭 (文章义) v. 缩小；消除[A篇]touch (熟义) n．& v．触摸 (文章义) n．修改 [B篇]raise (熟义) v．提高 (文章义) v．饲养 young (熟义) adj.年轻的 (文章义) adj.新兴的
长难句分析 [外刊]New research on Washington D．C.'s multimillion dollar tutoring program has shown that students who received frequent, small group tutoring sessions made significant progress in their reading and math scores after returning to in person classes.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中that引导宾语从句，其中含有who引导的定语从句，修饰 students；after returning to in person classes是时间状语。[译文] 关于华盛顿特区数百万美元辅导计划的新研究表明，在回归面对面课堂后，接受频繁的小组辅导课程的学生在阅读和数学成绩方面取得了显著进步。[A篇]The device, which can be worn as an armband, sets off an alarm when the wearer with Alzheimer's starts to move and warns a caregiver if the patient falls or wanders off.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The device；when引导时间状语从句；if引导条件状语从句。[译文] 这种装置可以作为臂章佩戴，当患有阿尔茨海默症的佩戴者开始移动时，它就会发出警报，如果病人摔倒或走丢，它就会警告护理人员。
新闻报道，即对最近发生的事实进行报道。新闻报道往往反映报道者对客观事实的主观反应。其主要结构为：
标题 准确、简洁、生动和实在；往往利用悬念、比喻、拟人手法，使之更具吸引力
导语 位于段首，往往是首句或第一段的尾句；高度概括新闻内容，包括5W(When、Where、Who、What、Why)
背景 提供新闻事件发生、发展的环境或条件，起说明、补充的作用
主体 承接导语，详述新闻事实，使其具体而完整，并阐述导语所揭示的主题，或回答导语中提出的问题
结语 位于结尾，可以是最后一句话、最后一段或最后一个层次；总结新闻事件及其影响或介绍其进一步发展
新闻的内容体现“用事实说话”的特点。其语言客观真实，常常使用被动语态及引言，并灵活使用代词。
高频设题 策略解读
细节理解题 根据新闻报道中的关键信息、细节描述及新闻背后的含义进行解读、分析
写作意图题、主旨大意题 关注导语，因为它简明扼要地揭示新闻的主旨或核心内容
标题归纳题 新闻报道一般不出现标题，往往会设置标题归纳题
推理判断题 一定要基于原文，不可过分渲染，也不可过分省略
【2023·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读B】
Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks，” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
Urban Sprouts' classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands on experiments such as soil testing, flower and seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently，” Jaramillo says.
She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside，” she says, “and they feel successful.”
24．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo
A.She used to be a health worker.
B.She grew up in a low income family.
C.She owns a fast food restaurant.
D.She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
25．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program
A.The kids' parents distrusted her.
B.Students had little time for her classes.
C.Some kids disliked garden work.
D.There was no space for school gardens.
26．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program
A.Far reaching. B．Predictable.
C.Short lived. D．Unidentifiable.
27．What can be a suitable title for the text
A.Rescuing School Gardens
B.Experiencing Country Life
C.Growing Vegetable Lovers
D.Changing Local Landscape
答案：24～27.DCAC
【解题思路】
浏览文章，判断文体
在做新闻类阅读理解题时，我们首先通过新闻独有的语篇特征，如导语、信息源等，判断是否是新闻类语篇；然后，根据文章结构特点和题型特点去文章相应部分寻找答案，这样可以节约时间。
利用导语，掌握核心
导语往往包括了新闻最具价值的内容，与主旨密切相关，是对新闻事件本质、新闻人物的突出特点和社会现象背后的原因等最凝练的概括，是写作意图题、主旨大意题的重要判断依据。
深入细节，定位分析
细节理解题是新闻类语篇的主要考查题型，做题时我们要有“题目意识”，即由题干关键词把握命题意图和答题要点，解题时多使用“同义转换”和“定位原文”两种方法。
结合主旨，理解引语
引语是新闻类语篇中的点睛之笔，用来体现作者或者文中相关人物的观点、态度，用来佐证支撑主旨。在答题时我们要有“语境意识”，即联系文章主旨和上下文语境分析判断作者的写作意图或者说话人的情感态度。
【解题流程】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一个学校菜园项目的启动背景、目的、内容和意义。
第24题是细节理解题，解题时可使用“定位原文”法。根据题干关键词Abby Jaramillo可以定位到文章第一段，根据该段中的“says Abby Jaramillo...started Urban Sprouts”可知，艾比·贾拉米洛是该项目的创始人之一。
第25题是细节理解题，解题时可使用“同义转换”法。根据第二段中的“‘They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.’ Though some are initially...turned off by the dirt”可知，这个项目刚开始时，贾拉米洛面临的一个问题就是有些学生不喜欢园艺工作。
第26题是推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，该项目不仅让学生吃得更有营养，而且对那些有情绪控制问题的学生有镇定作用。由此可推知，该项目的影响是深远的。
第27题是标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了老师发起了一个学校菜园项目，使学生们爱上园艺并开始种菜的故事。
Ⅰ.挑战地道外刊
题源：The Washington Post
New research on Washington D．C.'s multimillion dollar tutoring program has shown that students who received frequent, small group tutoring sessions made significant progress in their reading and math scores after returning to in person classes. The study, conducted by Stanford University, also found that these students attended more classes and felt a stronger sense of belonging at school.
The “high impact tutoring” initiative, launched in 2022 with a budget of $33 million, was designed to help students who fell behind for some reason. By providing intensive, research backed tutoring, the program aimed to close the academic gap between these students and their peers. The results so far are promising, with students who participated in the tutoring program showing marked improvements in their academic performance.
The program focused particularly on children and students from low income families, who have historically had less access to tutoring services. By the end of the school year, students who received more than 20 tutoring sessions were performing closer to the level of their peers who did not receive tutoring. This success is especially remarkable given the widespread disruptions to education, where many students experienced significant learning loss.
Despite the success, the program faces challenges as much of the funding came from one time federal (联邦的) relief funds, which are set to expire soon. The city plans to allocate $4.8 million from local funds to continue the program in the next school year, but sustaining and expanding these efforts will be difficult as resources become more limited.
The study also highlighted some differences in how tutoring was provided. For instance, English learners were more likely to receive math tutoring than reading help, possibly because they have already received services aimed at improving their English skills. Additionally, students with disabilities attended fewer tutoring sessions, likely due to their participation in other specialized interventions.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了华盛顿特区辅导计划的成功及面临的挑战。
1．What is the primary function of the first paragraph in the passage
A.To introduce the overall success of the tutoring program.
B.To provide a detailed explanation of the study's methodology.
C.To highlight the challenges faced by the program.
D.To compare different educational initiatives in Washington D．C.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段的主要作用是引出下文，介绍华盛顿特区辅导计划的整体成功。
2．What does the underlined word “expire” in paragraph 4 most likely mean
A.Increase. B．Run out.
C.Be renewed. D．Expand.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及Despite可知，画线词应是与成功相反的意思；根据句意可知，此处指的是资金即将用完或到期。
3．What can we learn from the last paragraph of the passage
A.Tailoring education to individual needs.
B.Perseverance leads to success.
C.Every student learns differently.
D.A strong foundation is key to learning.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段讨论了如何根据学生的具体需求提供辅导服务，强调了因材施教的重要性。
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A.Overcoming Financial Hurdles in Education
B.New Approach: High impact Tutoring in Washington D．C.
C.The Decline of Traditional Learning Program
D.The Factors Leading to Educational Success
B 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕华盛顿特区的 “高影响力辅导” 计划展开，介绍了该计划的实施、成果以及面临的挑战等。B项最适合作文章的标题。
仿写文章内容，完成下面小片段
The “high impact tutoring” initiative, launched in 2022 with a budget of $33 million, was designed to help students 1.who__fell__behind__for__some__reason(定语从句：因为某种原因落后的). By providing intensive, research backed tutoring, the program aimed to close the academic gap between these students and their peers. The results so far are promising, 2.with__students__who__participated__in__the__tutoring__program__showing__marked__improvements(with复合结构：参加辅导计划的学生有了明显的提高) in their academic performance. This success is especially remarkable given the widespread disruptions to education, 3.where__many__students__experienced__significant__learning__loss(定语从句：许多学生在这方面经历了重大的学习损失).
The study also highlighted some differences in how tutoring was provided. For instance, English learners were more likely to receive math tutoring than reading help, possibly because they have already received services 4.aimed__at__improving__their__English__skills(过去分词短语作后置定语：旨在提高他们的英语技能).
Ⅱ.模拟实战演练
A
(2024·浙江名校协作体联考)In the joyful summer Chadalavada spent with Jayasree, his grandmother, the pair watched endless movies. Late one evening, Jayasree, who had recently been diagnosed with Alzheimer's, got up in her nightdress and went to make tea at her home in India. After she returned to her bedroom, Chadalavada went into the kitchen to find that his grandmother had left the gas on!
Chadalavada decided to invent a wearable device to help people like his grandmother. Now aged 17, Chadalavada is ready to start making the Alpha Monitor. The device, which can be worn as an armband, sets off an alarm when the wearer with Alzheimer's starts to move and warns a caregiver if the patient falls or wanders off.
Most similar devices run on Wi Fi or Bluetooth, so when a person moves out of their frequencies' limited range the connection is lost and with it the monitoring. But the Alpha Monitor can detect a person more than a mile away in cities and three miles in the countryside thanks to the long range technology, known as LoRa, it uses.
Teaching himself with online videos about robotics and electronics, Chadalavada has developed several prototypes. To understand the needs of people with Alzheimer's, he spent time in a day centre run by the Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India. There, the cofounder told him that the device “had to be something light that can be worn on any part of the body”. She says，“Many patients don't like having to wear a watch and they take it off.”
In March, when Chadalavada's school exams are over, he will put the finishing touches to the monitor, with the aim of getting the device ready for market by September. He is confident that it should be sold at an affordable price for most people.
Chadalavada hopes to study robotics at a university abroad. His aim is simple：“I want to create products to help people in India for the whole world.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了查达拉瓦达研发出阿尔法监测仪来帮助监测阿尔茨海默症患者。
1．Why did Chadalavada invent the Alpha Monitor
A.To treat Alzheimer's.
B.To entertain senior citizens.
C.To improve Alzheimer's caregiving.
D.To ensure fire safety at the elderly's homes.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Late one evening...at her home in India.”和第二段中的“Chadalavada decided to invent a wearable device...start making the Alpha Monitor.”可知，查达拉瓦达发明阿尔法监测仪是为了改善阿尔茨海默症的护理。
2．What is an advantage of the Alpha Monitor
A.It is more comfortable to wear.
B.It has a longer service time.
C.It offers a remoter monitoring.
D.It uses higher frequency controls.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But the Alpha Monitor can detect...it uses.”可知，阿尔法监测仪的优点是它提供了较远的监测。
3．What did Chadalavada want to explore while he spent time in a day centre
A.Where his invention could be polished.
B.What people with Alzheimer's felt like.
C.How Alzheimer's disease could be cured.
D.Whether his invention would be profitable.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“To understand the needs of...the Alzheimer's and Related Disorders Society of India.”和第五段第一句可知，查达拉瓦达在日托中心想要探索他的发明有什么地方可以被改进。
4．What can we learn about Chadalavada from the passage
A.He enjoys living simply.
B.He has an innovative mind.
C.He used to be a health worker.
D.He longs to be a robotic professor.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Now aged 17, Chadalavada is ready to start making the Alpha Monitor.”可知，查达拉瓦达研发了阿尔法监测仪来帮助监测阿尔茨海默症患者，由此可推知，他是有创新的头脑的。
B
(2024·嘉兴二模)Meat cultivated from cells—with no need to raise and kill animals—is now a reality. The process of cultivating meat uses the basic elements needed to build muscle and fat and enables the same biological process that happens inside an animal. Cultivated meat is identical to conventional meat at the cellular level. But can it be made cheaply enough to replace animal agriculture
More than 150 startups are pursuing an ambitious goal: meat that doesn't require raising and killing animals and that is affordable and tastes and feels like the meat we eat now. They are part of a young industry aiming to use cell biology to reduce the environmental impact of the world's ever－increasing demand for meat and change global protein production in the way electric cars are shaking up the auto industry.
“We are addicted to meat as a species. It's part of our culture，” said Believer founder Yaakov Nahmias. “But we thought about quantity rather than the environment, rather than sustainability.”
Although there are dozens of companies making this meat, none have yet reached commercial level production in terms of scale or cost. From cell line development to bio－processor design, there are a number of scientific challenges to meet before cultivated meat is widely available at the market. Government policy is another challenge. Only Singapore and the U．S. allow sales of cultivated meat.
And while many people who have tried it say they like it, others find the idea distasteful. A recent survey from The Associated Press－NORC Center for Public Affairs Research found that half of U．S. adults would be unlikely to try it. When they were asked why, about half said they didn't think it would be safe. Even Nahmias' 10－year－old son Oren said he would only eat traditional meat. “I feel bad” for the animals, he said, “but they are yummy！”
“Until this meat costs and tastes the same as traditional meat, it will remain a specialized product，” said Bruce Friedrich, president of the Good Food Institute.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了用细胞培植的肉的发展和人们对此的看法。
5．Why does the author ask a question in the first paragraph
A.To indicate an opinion.
B.To present a worry.
C.To make an assumption.
D.To start a discussion.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段及下文内容可推知，作者在第一段提出了一个问题是为了引出关于细胞培植肉是否能以足够低的成本取代畜牧业这个话题的讨论。
6．What does the cultivated meat industry aim to do
A.Study cell biology.
B.Provide sustainable protein.
C.End world hunger.
D.Help the traditional food industry.
B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are part of a young industry aiming...in the way electric cars are shaking up the auto industry.”可知，培植肉类行业的目的是提供可持续的蛋白质。
7．What can we infer about cultivated meat
A.It is unripe for mass production.
B.It is as popular as traditional meat.
C.It is safer than traditional meat.
D.It is competitive in price and quantity.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“From cell line development to bio－processor design...before
cultivated meat is widely available at the market. ”可推知，培植肉类的大规模生产还未成熟。
8．What is Bruce Friedrich's attitude to the future of cultivated meat
A.Enthusiastic. B．Dismissive.
C.Unclear. D．Conservative.
D 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知，布鲁斯·弗里德里希对培植肉持有保守的态度。
高考必备词汇 [外刊]a sense of belonging 一种归属感 initiative n．倡议；新方案 launch v. 发起 budget n. 预算 fall behind落后 promising adj. 有希望的；有前途的 marked adj. 显著的；明显的 sustain v. 维持 intervention n. 干预；介入 [A篇]be diagnosed with...被诊断为…… device n．设备 wander off离群走散；漫步 detect v．发现；查明 with the aim of...目的是…… [B篇]element n. 要素；元素 muscle n. 肌肉 biological adj. 生物学的 identical adj. 相同的 conventional adj. 传统的 pursue v. 追求；致力于 ambitious adj. 有雄心的 shake up 彻底调整；使发生重大变化 be addicted to对……上瘾 in terms of 就……而言 specialized adj. 专用的；专门的
四六级桥梁词汇 [外刊]tutoring n. 辅导 disruption n. 扰乱；中断 allocate v. 分配；拨……给 [A篇]prototype n．模型 [B篇]cultivated adj. 栽培的，培植的 cellular adj. 细胞的 startup n. 新兴公司 distasteful adj. 令人反感的；讨厌的
合成词、派生词 [外刊]small group adj. 小组的 in person adj. 面对面的 low income adj. 低收入的 [A篇]nightdress n．睡衣；睡袍 armband n．臂章 affordable adj.买得起的 [B篇]ever increasing adj. 不断增长的 commercial level adj. 商业级别的
熟词生义 [外刊]session (熟义) n. 一段时间 (文章义) n. 一系列课程里的一次课 close (熟义) v. 关闭 (文章义) v. 缩小；消除[A篇]touch (熟义) n．& v．触摸 (文章义) n．修改 [B篇]raise (熟义) v．提高 (文章义) v．饲养 young (熟义) adj.年轻的 (文章义) adj.新兴的
长难句分析 [外刊]New research on Washington D．C.'s multimillion dollar tutoring program has shown that students who received frequent, small group tutoring sessions made significant progress in their reading and math scores after returning to in person classes.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中that引导宾语从句，其中含有who引导的定语从句，修饰 students；after returning to in person classes是时间状语。[译文] 关于华盛顿特区数百万美元辅导计划的新研究表明，在回归面对面课堂后，接受频繁的小组辅导课程的学生在阅读和数学成绩方面取得了显著进步。[A篇]The device, which can be worn as an armband, sets off an alarm when the wearer with Alzheimer's starts to move and warns a caregiver if the patient falls or wanders off.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The device；when引导时间状语从句；if引导条件状语从句。[译文] 这种装置可以作为臂章佩戴，当患有阿尔茨海默症的佩戴者开始移动时，它就会发出警报，如果病人摔倒或走丢，它就会警告护理人员。