2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 先导篇3 结构分析 分解长难句-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习
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| 名称 | 2026版《决胜蓝图》专题一 先导篇3 结构分析 分解长难句-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习 |
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| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 66.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
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阅读理解无法拿到高分，往往是因为考生对文章中的句子理解不到位。其最主要的原因是句子太长或者句子结构较为复杂。句子过长或者结构复杂通常是句子除了主干之外还包含一些附加部分，如插入语、同位语、修饰成分、分隔现象(破折号及冒号的使用)、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语或状语等。因此应用结构分析法来有效地厘清长难句。
分类 典例 结构分析法
带较多成分的简单句 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C) The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. [原则] 定句子主干 关注三长[分析] 分析句子结构可知，本句为主谓宾结构。The reasons relate to a variety of factors为句子的主干；短语a variety of作定语，修饰宾语factors; “including...multitask”对factors进行补充说明；reduced、entertainment分别作定语；to multitask为动词不定式短语作后置定语；while 引导状语从句的省略。
含多个从句的复合句 (2024·全国甲卷阅读B)That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. [原则] 划分意群 分解长句[分析] 以从句引导词为标识，运用语法知识，将含有多个从句的长句分解，降低理解难度。划分意群可借助斜线、箭头作为标识。句中why引导表语从句；if引导宾语从句，作tell的宾语； which引导非限制性定语从句，指代their owners were around any other cats。
含插入语的句子 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Father's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. [原则] 定句子主干 关注三长[分析] 主句主干是she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Father's treatments eased her dog's suffering；分析句子结构可知，本句为but连接的并列复合句；After引导时间状语从句；Tindale says为插入语；“so...that...”引导结果状语从句。
特殊句式 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection． [原则] 特殊句式标特殊[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句。while 引导状语从句的省略，省略了主语和系动词be。
分隔现象 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. [原则] 关注标点符号[分析] 破折号表示解释和补充说明。本句中第一个和第三个破折号后的部分like identifying the main idea in a reading passage和such as drawing inferences from a text分别补充说明simple tasks和ones that require mental abstraction。
分类 典例 结构分析法
带较多成分的简单句 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C) The reasons relate to a variety of factors, including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset (心态) and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital content. [原则] 定句子主干 关注三长[分析] 分析句子结构可知，本句为主谓宾结构。The reasons relate to a variety of factors为句子的主干；短语a variety of作定语，修饰宾语factors; “including...multitask”对factors进行补充说明；reduced、entertainment分别作定语；to multitask为动词不定式短语作后置定语；while 引导状语从句的省略。
含多个从句的复合句 (2024·全国甲卷阅读B)That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. [原则] 划分意群 分解长句[分析] 以从句引导词为标识，运用语法知识，将含有多个从句的长句分解，降低理解难度。划分意群可借助斜线、箭头作为标识。句中why引导表语从句；if引导宾语从句，作tell的宾语； which引导非限制性定语从句，指代their owners were around any other cats。
含插入语的句子 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Father's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. [原则] 定句子主干 关注三长[分析] 主句主干是she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Father's treatments eased her dog's suffering；分析句子结构可知，本句为but连接的并列复合句；After引导时间状语从句；Tindale says为插入语；“so...that...”引导结果状语从句。
特殊句式 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection． [原则] 特殊句式标特殊[分析] 本句是一个主从复合句。while 引导状语从句的省略，省略了主语和系动词be。
分隔现象 (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C)The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. [原则] 关注标点符号[分析] 破折号表示解释和补充说明。本句中第一个和第三个破折号后的部分like identifying the main idea in a reading passage和such as drawing inferences from a text分别补充说明simple tasks和ones that require mental abstraction。