2026版《决胜蓝图》专题二 4 第三讲 根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五——通徵兆，博胜境-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习
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| 名称 | 2026版《决胜蓝图》专题二 4 第三讲 根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五——通徵兆，博胜境-讲义（教师版）英语高考大二轮专题复习 |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-19 00:00:00 | ||
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第三讲 根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五——通徵兆，博胜境
语篇通过逻辑关系建构为语意完整的有机体。常见的逻辑关系有并列、递进、因果、转折和解释等。真实场景中的语篇往往由多种逻辑关系联结而成。因此，考生学会辨别语篇标识词，准确地把握语篇脉络和逻辑关系，将极大地提高阅读七选五的正确率。
逻辑关系 典型语篇标识词
并列(Coordination) and、 or、 besides、 plus、 similarly、 likewise、 as well as、 both...and...、 either...or...、 neither...nor...、 not only...but (also)...、 together with等
递进(Addition) furthermore、 additionally、 also、 moreover、 in addition、 again、 even、 what's more等
因果关系(Cause andEffect) because、 because of、 for、 since、 stem from、 one cause is、 one reason is、 owing to、 thanks to、 due to等consequently、 lead to、 result in、 create、one result is、 produce/generate、 as a result、 thus、 hence、 so、 so/such...that...、 therefore等
转折(Transition) however、 but、 nevertheless、 though、 while(置于句首)、 yet (置于句首)、 otherwise、 still、 instead等
解释(Explanation) in other words、 in fact、 clearly、 evidently、 obviously等特别注意： in fact、 clearly、 obviously 有隐含的转折含义
分类(Classification) be classified as、 comprise、 be composed of、 consist of、 involve、 several varieties of、 different stages of、 different groups that、 include、 one、 the other、 another等
时间顺序(Order of Time) first、 second、 later、 before、 next、 as soon as、 after、 then、 finally、 meanwhile、 following、 last、 during、 in、 on、 at、 until等
重要性排序(Order ofImportance) less、 more、 next、 last、 most importantly、 primarily、 secondarily、 even等
空间顺序(Spatial Order) above、 below、 beside、 next to、 in front of、 behind、 inside、 outside、 opposite、 within、 nearby等
比较与对比(Comparisonand Contrast) both、 also、 similarly、 like、 likewise、 too、 as well as、 resemble、 correspondingly、 in the same way、 to compare等unlike、 differ from、 in contrast、 on the other hand、 in comparison、on the contrary、 instead、 despite、 nevertheless、 however、 in spite of、 whereas、 as opposed to等
列举(Listing) the following、 several、 for example、 for instance、 such as、 one、 another、 first、 second、 numerals (1、2、3...)、 letters (a、 b、 c．..)、 the most important、 the largest、 the least、 finally、 not only...but (also)、 or、 like等
总结(Summary) in summary、 in conclusion、 in brief、 to summarize、 to sum up、 in short、 on the whole、 all in all、 in a word等
A
(2024·全国甲卷)What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 36.________ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 37.________ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 38.________
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 39.________ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
40．________ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A．Eat properly throughout the day.
B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
根据逻辑关系，自主分析：
1．根据36题空后的语篇标识词But可知，F项承接上文，与下文内容构成转折关系，对适度作进一步解释。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
2．E项中出现了语篇标识词Instead，由此可知，E项与上文构成转折关系。结合E项中的关键词组healthy choices可知，和38题上文中的unhealthy snacks构成转折关系。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
3．B项中出现了just，结合39题下文的语篇标记词also可知，下文与B项形成递进关系，也表明人们吃东西的目的。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
答案：36～40.FCEBA
B
(2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.36.________， but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37.________.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “38.________. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39.________．
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “40.________，” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A．All plants are different
B．Not only do they look beautiful
C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D．Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E．Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
根据逻辑关系，自主分析：
1．B项中出现了语篇标识词Not__only，设空处后有逗号，为半句话，且逗号后有but，可知36题符合，构成固定搭配“not only...but (also)...”。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
2．D项中出现了语篇标识词Instead，由此可知，D项和上文构成转折关系。D项中的关键词inside和warmer可知，和 37题上文中的outside和winter构成转折关系。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
3．E项中出现了语篇标识词like，且E项列举了上文提到的在这方面做得最好的植物，与39题上文中介绍的室内植物的好处对应。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
答案：36～40.BDCEG
C
(2022·北京卷)Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. 35.________ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
36．________ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 37.________ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 38.________ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 39.________ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
A.Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G．This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.
根据逻辑关系，自主分析：
1．C项中出现了语篇标识词 also，由此可知，C项和上文构成并列或递进关系。通读全文可知，39题符合。设空处前一句已经提到了一些放松的好处，C项也是好处。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
特别注意，结合设空处后面的代词This，进行核验。
2．D项中出现了语篇标识词 For__instance，由此可知，D项和上文形成列举关系，通读全文可知，37题符合。D项中的catch a cold是被病毒攻击的例子。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
特别注意，结合设空处后面的代词This，进行核验。
答案：35～39.GBDFC
高考必备词汇 [A篇]at the ready 随时可用；即可使用 boredom n. 厌烦；厌倦 digestive adj. 消化的 give up on 对……不再抱希望[B篇]promote v. 促进 creativity n. 创造力，创造性 remove v. 去除；移开，挪走 requirement n. 要求 rewarding adj. 值得的，有意义的 [C篇]various adj. 各种各样的 pressure n. 压力 suffer v. 经受疼痛，承受痛苦 maintain v. 保持 virus n. 病毒 definitely adv. 当然，肯定
四六级桥梁词汇 [A篇]nutritious adj. 有营养的 regain v. 重新获得，恢复 regulate v. 控制[B篇]ideally adv. 理想地 mature v. 长大，成熟
合成词、派生词 [A篇]basically adv. 基本上；大体上 mindless adj. 无意识的 unpleasant adj. 令人不快的；不舒服的 [B篇]wellbeing n．幸福 harmful adj. 有害的 [C篇]interrelated adj. 相互关联的；相互影响的 additionally adv. 另外，此外
熟词生义 [A篇]double (熟义) adj. 两倍的 (文章义) v. (使)加倍 [B篇]suit(熟义)n. 套装，西装(文章义)v. 适合 back(熟义)n. 背，后背(文章义)v.支持
长难句分析 [A篇]It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.[分析] 本句是并列复合句。句中It是形式主语，真正的主语是“to tell your body that it has had enough food”；that引导宾语从句；eat slowly和stop eating 是并列的祈使句； before you feel full是时间状语从句。[译文] 实际上，你的大脑需要几分钟的时间才能告诉你的身体它已经吃饱了，所以要慢慢吃，在感觉饱之前就停止进食。
Ⅰ.挑战地道外刊
题源：https：//animals.
How Snakes Respond to Airborne (空气中的)
and Ground borne Sounds
1．________， our study highlights that hearing still plays an important role in snakes' sensory skill. This makes sense from an evolutionary perspective. Snakes are susceptible (易受……影响的) to predators including monitor lizards, cats, dogs and other snakes. 2.________．
For our experiments, we teamed up with the Queensland University of Technology's School of Creative Practice to install a soundproof room and test one snake at a time. Using silence as our control, we played one of three sounds, each including a range of frequencies: 1 150Hz, 150 300Hz and 300 450Hz. For comparison, 3.________．
In one previous study, researchers hung western diamondback rattlesnakes in a steel net basket, 4.________. In another, researchers surgically implanted electrodes into the brains of partially anesthetized (麻醉的) snakes, detecting electrical potentials in response to sound up to 600Hz.
But our research is the first to investigate how multiple snake species respond to sounds in a space where they can move freely. 5.________. In this way we confirmed the snakes were indeed registering airborne sounds, and not just feeling ground vibrations.
A．Whether they can also hear airborne sound vibrations
B．Most of the snakes exhibited very different types of behaviors in sound trials
C．the human voice range is about 100 250Hz, and birds chirp at about 8，000Hz
D．Hearing is an important sense for both predator avoidance and injury avoidance
E．Although seeing and tasting the air are the main ways snakes sense their environment
F．We also used an accelerometer (加速度计) to detect whether the sounds produced ground vibrations
G．and then they observed their restricted behaviors in response to sound frequencies between 200Hz and 400Hz
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，蛇的听觉在其感知环境时起重要作用，文章介绍了相关实验过程及成果。
1．E 解析：根据空后为逗号，且后面为完整的句子可知，空处应选择一个从句，只有A、E两项符合要求，空后内容讲到研究强调，听觉在蛇的感官技能中仍然起着重要作用。故前后句之间为让步关系，E项符合语境。
2．D 解析：空前内容提到蛇很容易受到包括巨蜥、猫、狗和其他蛇类在内的掠食者的攻击，所以空处内容应该是蛇要躲避捕食者和避免伤害。D项符合语境，其中的predator为原词复现。
3．C 解析：空前为逗号，所以空处内容应以小写字母开头，符合要求的只有C、G两项，但G项以and开头，与前面的介词短语并不存在并列关系，C项符合语境。
4．G 解析：空前为逗号，空处要填的句子要小写，排除C项后只有G项合适。
5．F 解析：空前内容提到研究首次调查了多种蛇在自由活动的空间中对声音的反应；空后内容提到通过这种方式，我们证实蛇确实记录了空气中的声音，而不仅仅是感觉到地面的振动。故空处应该是研究进行中的另外的方法或措施。F项符合语境，且空后的this way即为F项的内容。
Although seeing and tasting the air are the main ways snakes sense their environment, our study highlights that hearing still plays 1.an important role in snakes' sensory skill. This makes sense from an 2.evolutionary(evolution) perspective. Hearing is an important sense for both predator avoidance and injury avoidance.
For our experiments, we installed a soundproof room and tested one snake at a time. Using silence as our control, we played one of three sounds, each 3.including(include) a range of 4.frequencies(frequency). For comparison, the human voice range is about 100 250Hz, and birds chirp at about 8，000Hz.
In one previous study, researchers 5.hung(hang) western diamondback rattlesnakes in a steel net basket and observed their 6.restricted(restrict) behaviors in response to sound frequencies between 200Hz and 400Hz. In another, researchers surgically implanted electrodes into the brains of 7.partially(partial) anesthetized snakes, detecting electrical potentials responding 8.to sound up to 600Hz.
But our research is the first 9.to__investigate(investigate) how multiple snake species respond to sounds in a space 10.where they can move freely. We also used an accelerometer to detect whether the sounds produced ground vibrations. In this way we confirmed the snakes were indeed registering airborne sounds, and not just feeling ground vibrations.
Ⅱ.模拟实战演练
A
(2024·山东一模)After a challenging workout, the last thing you probably want to do is spend five to ten minutes stretching. 1.________ Why is stretching so important and how often do you need to do it Here we are going to share what we have learnt from some experts.
When you think about exercise, most people participate in some type of aerobic (有氧的) activity that improves their cardiovascular (心血管的) endurance. 2.________ Those are two very important elements of a fitness program, but there's also a third element. That is your flexibility and mobility, which is most often the one that's ignored.
Stretching helps keep us mobile. We are born super mobile as babies and young children, but lose this as we grow into adults. 3.________ It means we are able to move less; we are functionally less able to do everyday stuff like picking up a pen from the floor, or climbing stairs efficiently.
4．________ It's also going to help reduce the risk of injury. Some people are naturally more flexible than others, but no matter whether you can touch your toes or not, you should be working on your flexibility and mobility because the more moveless you are, the more your muscles are shortening, which in turn is causing you to be tighter.
When you get up, you maybe go for a quick walk to fill up your water bottle or get a cup of coffee, then come back and do a seated leg stretch or a standing version.5.________
A.Why is stretching good for your healthy habits
B．Stretching makes for relieving muscle tension and pain.
C．When we stop stretching, we lose capacity in movement.
D．Walking, done in the right way, is a form of aerobic exercise.
E．It won't take much time to add these habits into your daily routine.
F．However, doing so can result in physical and mental health benefits.
G．They also do weight training to help maintain muscle mass and build strength.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伸展运动的重要性，以及如何在日常生活中进行伸展运动。
1．F 解析：根据上下文内容可知，上文提到不想做伸展运动，下文开始提问，为什么重要？多久做一次？空处应是一个过渡句。F项和上文构成转折关系，并引出下文，符合语境。
2．G 解析：根据上下文内容可知，下文提到了两个因素，上文只说了一个，空处应是另一个因素，G项符合语境，且选项中的also和上文构成顺承关系。
3．C 解析：根据上文“Stretching helps...as we grow into adults.”可知，本段介绍了伸展运动对人们的好处。C项承上启下，符合语境，介绍停止伸展时的坏处。
4．B 解析：空处是本段的主旨句。根据下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了伸展运动有助于缓解肌肉紧张和疼痛。B项符合语境。
5．E 解析：根据上文“When you get up...or a standing version.”可知，早上做一些简单的运动，或简单拉伸一下，这并不需要花费太多时间。E项符合语境。
B
(2024·新高考二模模拟)Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.1.________．
One of the winners of 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal, who is 70 years old and works at the University of Copenhagen.When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”．
2．________. They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case.The researchers looked into past Nobel Prize winners and their students.3.________， some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.They are, in a way, learning how to be creative.
Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood, metal or in the arts than most scientists.The researchers also found that the Nobel winners have an open mind about their life experiences.Unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up their outside interests, 4.________．
The researchers say that, even among people who do not win big prizes, those with many interests are often successful.They pointed to a 2022 report about students who study two major fields in college. 5.________． Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centered on only one study area.
A．That study plan is called a “double major”
B．What we believe is of great benefit to them
C.Meldal's experience may come as a surprise to students
D.They discovered that if they helped each other afterwards
E．Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity
F．They found that when the students of winners went on to win Nobel Prizes
G．But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。一项针对诺贝尔奖获得者的研究发现，这些获奖者通常有多个领域的知识，广博的知识使他们在工作中能用不同的角度和方法思考问题。
1．G 解析：根据上下文可知，专家们经常告诉学生们要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作，但是，一些诺贝尔奖获奖者却做过不同的工作。G项与上文存在转折关系，符合语境。
2．C 解析：根据上下文可知，梅尔达尔的经历和他们认为的成功经验是不一样的。C项承上启下，符合语境，下文中的They指代选项中的students。
3．F 解析：根据上下文可知，此处在讲过去的诺贝尔奖得主对他们的学生的影响。F项承上启下，符合语境，且选项中的the students of winners对应上文中的winners and their students。
4．E 解析：根据上文内容可知，诺贝尔奖获得者兴趣广泛，而且不会放弃他们的业余爱好。E项承接上文，符合语境，且选项中的hobbies对应上文中的outside interests。
5．A 解析：根据上下文可知，此处在讲述双学位的问题。A项承上启下，符合语境。
高考必备词汇 [外刊]highlight v. 强调 team up with 与……合作 at a time一次 frequency n. 频率 investigate v. 调查 respond to回答；对……作出反应 [A篇]stretching n. 拉伸 element n. 元素 flexibility n. 灵活性 capacity n. 能力 muscle n. 肌肉 shorten v. 变短；缩短 seated adj. 坐下来的 version n. 版本 [B篇]career n. 职业 start out 开始；着手in a way在某种程度上 creative adj. 创造性的 double major 双学位 be of great benefit to 对……有很大的好处
四六级桥梁词汇 [外刊]sensory adj. 感觉的；感官的 perspective n. 观点；角度 predator n. 捕食者 implant v. 移植 electrode n. 电极 partially adv. 部分地 vibration n. 振动 [A篇]endurance n. 忍耐力 mobility n. 灵活性 efficiently adv. 高效地
合成词、派生词 [外刊]evolutionary adj. 进化的；演变的 soundproof adj. 隔音的 comparison n. 比较 [A篇]challenging adj. 挑战性的functionally adv. 功能地 moveless adj. 不动的；静止的
熟词生义 [外刊]control (熟义) v. 控制 (文章义) n. 参照实验 [A篇]mass (熟义) n. 团；块 (文章义) n. 质量[B篇]center (熟义) n. 中心 (文章义) v. 把……放在中央 field (熟义) n. 田野 (文章义) n. 领域 outside (熟义) adj. 外面的 (文章义) adj. 业余的
长难句分析 [外刊]But our research is the first to investigate how multiple snake species respond to sounds in a space where they can move freely.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中不定式“to investigate...”作后置定语，修饰the first；how引导宾语从句；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a space。[译文] 但我们的研究是首次调查多种蛇在可以自由移动的空间中如何对声音作出反应。[A篇]Some people are naturally more flexible than others, but no matter whether you can touch your toes or not, you should be working on your flexibility and mobility because the more moveless you are, the more your muscles are shortening, which in turn is causing you to be tighter.[分析] 本句是并列复合句。句中but后是no matter whether引导的让步状语从句，其对应的主句中含有because引导的原因状语从句，其中含有“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构；which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。[译文] 有些人天生就比其他人更灵活，但不管你是否能够到自己的脚趾，你都应该锻炼自己的柔韧性和灵活性，因为你活动得越少，你的肌肉就会收缩得越多，这反过来会使你的身体变得更僵硬。[B篇]When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”．[分析] 本句是复合句。句中When describing his career是时间状语从句的省略形式；主句中含有省略关系词的宾语从句“he started out...”；because 引导原因状语从句。[译文] 在描述他的职业生涯时，梅尔达尔说他最初是一名工程师，但后来转去学化学，因为他“想要了解这个世界”。
语篇通过逻辑关系建构为语意完整的有机体。常见的逻辑关系有并列、递进、因果、转折和解释等。真实场景中的语篇往往由多种逻辑关系联结而成。因此，考生学会辨别语篇标识词，准确地把握语篇脉络和逻辑关系，将极大地提高阅读七选五的正确率。
逻辑关系 典型语篇标识词
并列(Coordination) and、 or、 besides、 plus、 similarly、 likewise、 as well as、 both...and...、 either...or...、 neither...nor...、 not only...but (also)...、 together with等
递进(Addition) furthermore、 additionally、 also、 moreover、 in addition、 again、 even、 what's more等
因果关系(Cause andEffect) because、 because of、 for、 since、 stem from、 one cause is、 one reason is、 owing to、 thanks to、 due to等consequently、 lead to、 result in、 create、one result is、 produce/generate、 as a result、 thus、 hence、 so、 so/such...that...、 therefore等
转折(Transition) however、 but、 nevertheless、 though、 while(置于句首)、 yet (置于句首)、 otherwise、 still、 instead等
解释(Explanation) in other words、 in fact、 clearly、 evidently、 obviously等特别注意： in fact、 clearly、 obviously 有隐含的转折含义
分类(Classification) be classified as、 comprise、 be composed of、 consist of、 involve、 several varieties of、 different stages of、 different groups that、 include、 one、 the other、 another等
时间顺序(Order of Time) first、 second、 later、 before、 next、 as soon as、 after、 then、 finally、 meanwhile、 following、 last、 during、 in、 on、 at、 until等
重要性排序(Order ofImportance) less、 more、 next、 last、 most importantly、 primarily、 secondarily、 even等
空间顺序(Spatial Order) above、 below、 beside、 next to、 in front of、 behind、 inside、 outside、 opposite、 within、 nearby等
比较与对比(Comparisonand Contrast) both、 also、 similarly、 like、 likewise、 too、 as well as、 resemble、 correspondingly、 in the same way、 to compare等unlike、 differ from、 in contrast、 on the other hand、 in comparison、on the contrary、 instead、 despite、 nevertheless、 however、 in spite of、 whereas、 as opposed to等
列举(Listing) the following、 several、 for example、 for instance、 such as、 one、 another、 first、 second、 numerals (1、2、3...)、 letters (a、 b、 c．..)、 the most important、 the largest、 the least、 finally、 not only...but (also)、 or、 like等
总结(Summary) in summary、 in conclusion、 in brief、 to summarize、 to sum up、 in short、 on the whole、 all in all、 in a word等
A
(2024·全国甲卷)What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 36.________ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 37.________ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 38.________
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 39.________ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
40．________ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A．Eat properly throughout the day.
B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
根据逻辑关系，自主分析：
1．根据36题空后的语篇标识词But可知，F项承接上文，与下文内容构成转折关系，对适度作进一步解释。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
2．E项中出现了语篇标识词Instead，由此可知，E项与上文构成转折关系。结合E项中的关键词组healthy choices可知，和38题上文中的unhealthy snacks构成转折关系。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
3．B项中出现了just，结合39题下文的语篇标记词also可知，下文与B项形成递进关系，也表明人们吃东西的目的。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
答案：36～40.FCEBA
B
(2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.36.________， but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37.________.
Why are indoor plants good for you
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “38.________. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39.________．
Which plants can you grow
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “40.________，” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A．All plants are different
B．Not only do they look beautiful
C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D．Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E．Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best
F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
根据逻辑关系，自主分析：
1．B项中出现了语篇标识词Not__only，设空处后有逗号，为半句话，且逗号后有but，可知36题符合，构成固定搭配“not only...but (also)...”。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
2．D项中出现了语篇标识词Instead，由此可知，D项和上文构成转折关系。D项中的关键词inside和warmer可知，和 37题上文中的outside和winter构成转折关系。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
3．E项中出现了语篇标识词like，且E项列举了上文提到的在这方面做得最好的植物，与39题上文中介绍的室内植物的好处对应。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
答案：36～40.BDCEG
C
(2022·北京卷)Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. 35.________ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
36．________ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 37.________ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 38.________ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 39.________ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
A.Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G．This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases.
根据逻辑关系，自主分析：
1．C项中出现了语篇标识词 also，由此可知，C项和上文构成并列或递进关系。通读全文可知，39题符合。设空处前一句已经提到了一些放松的好处，C项也是好处。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
特别注意，结合设空处后面的代词This，进行核验。
2．D项中出现了语篇标识词 For__instance，由此可知，D项和上文形成列举关系，通读全文可知，37题符合。D项中的catch a cold是被病毒攻击的例子。
最后一步，用代入法核验。
特别注意，结合设空处后面的代词This，进行核验。
答案：35～39.GBDFC
高考必备词汇 [A篇]at the ready 随时可用；即可使用 boredom n. 厌烦；厌倦 digestive adj. 消化的 give up on 对……不再抱希望[B篇]promote v. 促进 creativity n. 创造力，创造性 remove v. 去除；移开，挪走 requirement n. 要求 rewarding adj. 值得的，有意义的 [C篇]various adj. 各种各样的 pressure n. 压力 suffer v. 经受疼痛，承受痛苦 maintain v. 保持 virus n. 病毒 definitely adv. 当然，肯定
四六级桥梁词汇 [A篇]nutritious adj. 有营养的 regain v. 重新获得，恢复 regulate v. 控制[B篇]ideally adv. 理想地 mature v. 长大，成熟
合成词、派生词 [A篇]basically adv. 基本上；大体上 mindless adj. 无意识的 unpleasant adj. 令人不快的；不舒服的 [B篇]wellbeing n．幸福 harmful adj. 有害的 [C篇]interrelated adj. 相互关联的；相互影响的 additionally adv. 另外，此外
熟词生义 [A篇]double (熟义) adj. 两倍的 (文章义) v. (使)加倍 [B篇]suit(熟义)n. 套装，西装(文章义)v. 适合 back(熟义)n. 背，后背(文章义)v.支持
长难句分析 [A篇]It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.[分析] 本句是并列复合句。句中It是形式主语，真正的主语是“to tell your body that it has had enough food”；that引导宾语从句；eat slowly和stop eating 是并列的祈使句； before you feel full是时间状语从句。[译文] 实际上，你的大脑需要几分钟的时间才能告诉你的身体它已经吃饱了，所以要慢慢吃，在感觉饱之前就停止进食。
Ⅰ.挑战地道外刊
题源：https：//animals.
How Snakes Respond to Airborne (空气中的)
and Ground borne Sounds
1．________， our study highlights that hearing still plays an important role in snakes' sensory skill. This makes sense from an evolutionary perspective. Snakes are susceptible (易受……影响的) to predators including monitor lizards, cats, dogs and other snakes. 2.________．
For our experiments, we teamed up with the Queensland University of Technology's School of Creative Practice to install a soundproof room and test one snake at a time. Using silence as our control, we played one of three sounds, each including a range of frequencies: 1 150Hz, 150 300Hz and 300 450Hz. For comparison, 3.________．
In one previous study, researchers hung western diamondback rattlesnakes in a steel net basket, 4.________. In another, researchers surgically implanted electrodes into the brains of partially anesthetized (麻醉的) snakes, detecting electrical potentials in response to sound up to 600Hz.
But our research is the first to investigate how multiple snake species respond to sounds in a space where they can move freely. 5.________. In this way we confirmed the snakes were indeed registering airborne sounds, and not just feeling ground vibrations.
A．Whether they can also hear airborne sound vibrations
B．Most of the snakes exhibited very different types of behaviors in sound trials
C．the human voice range is about 100 250Hz, and birds chirp at about 8，000Hz
D．Hearing is an important sense for both predator avoidance and injury avoidance
E．Although seeing and tasting the air are the main ways snakes sense their environment
F．We also used an accelerometer (加速度计) to detect whether the sounds produced ground vibrations
G．and then they observed their restricted behaviors in response to sound frequencies between 200Hz and 400Hz
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，蛇的听觉在其感知环境时起重要作用，文章介绍了相关实验过程及成果。
1．E 解析：根据空后为逗号，且后面为完整的句子可知，空处应选择一个从句，只有A、E两项符合要求，空后内容讲到研究强调，听觉在蛇的感官技能中仍然起着重要作用。故前后句之间为让步关系，E项符合语境。
2．D 解析：空前内容提到蛇很容易受到包括巨蜥、猫、狗和其他蛇类在内的掠食者的攻击，所以空处内容应该是蛇要躲避捕食者和避免伤害。D项符合语境，其中的predator为原词复现。
3．C 解析：空前为逗号，所以空处内容应以小写字母开头，符合要求的只有C、G两项，但G项以and开头，与前面的介词短语并不存在并列关系，C项符合语境。
4．G 解析：空前为逗号，空处要填的句子要小写，排除C项后只有G项合适。
5．F 解析：空前内容提到研究首次调查了多种蛇在自由活动的空间中对声音的反应；空后内容提到通过这种方式，我们证实蛇确实记录了空气中的声音，而不仅仅是感觉到地面的振动。故空处应该是研究进行中的另外的方法或措施。F项符合语境，且空后的this way即为F项的内容。
Although seeing and tasting the air are the main ways snakes sense their environment, our study highlights that hearing still plays 1.an important role in snakes' sensory skill. This makes sense from an 2.evolutionary(evolution) perspective. Hearing is an important sense for both predator avoidance and injury avoidance.
For our experiments, we installed a soundproof room and tested one snake at a time. Using silence as our control, we played one of three sounds, each 3.including(include) a range of 4.frequencies(frequency). For comparison, the human voice range is about 100 250Hz, and birds chirp at about 8，000Hz.
In one previous study, researchers 5.hung(hang) western diamondback rattlesnakes in a steel net basket and observed their 6.restricted(restrict) behaviors in response to sound frequencies between 200Hz and 400Hz. In another, researchers surgically implanted electrodes into the brains of 7.partially(partial) anesthetized snakes, detecting electrical potentials responding 8.to sound up to 600Hz.
But our research is the first 9.to__investigate(investigate) how multiple snake species respond to sounds in a space 10.where they can move freely. We also used an accelerometer to detect whether the sounds produced ground vibrations. In this way we confirmed the snakes were indeed registering airborne sounds, and not just feeling ground vibrations.
Ⅱ.模拟实战演练
A
(2024·山东一模)After a challenging workout, the last thing you probably want to do is spend five to ten minutes stretching. 1.________ Why is stretching so important and how often do you need to do it Here we are going to share what we have learnt from some experts.
When you think about exercise, most people participate in some type of aerobic (有氧的) activity that improves their cardiovascular (心血管的) endurance. 2.________ Those are two very important elements of a fitness program, but there's also a third element. That is your flexibility and mobility, which is most often the one that's ignored.
Stretching helps keep us mobile. We are born super mobile as babies and young children, but lose this as we grow into adults. 3.________ It means we are able to move less; we are functionally less able to do everyday stuff like picking up a pen from the floor, or climbing stairs efficiently.
4．________ It's also going to help reduce the risk of injury. Some people are naturally more flexible than others, but no matter whether you can touch your toes or not, you should be working on your flexibility and mobility because the more moveless you are, the more your muscles are shortening, which in turn is causing you to be tighter.
When you get up, you maybe go for a quick walk to fill up your water bottle or get a cup of coffee, then come back and do a seated leg stretch or a standing version.5.________
A.Why is stretching good for your healthy habits
B．Stretching makes for relieving muscle tension and pain.
C．When we stop stretching, we lose capacity in movement.
D．Walking, done in the right way, is a form of aerobic exercise.
E．It won't take much time to add these habits into your daily routine.
F．However, doing so can result in physical and mental health benefits.
G．They also do weight training to help maintain muscle mass and build strength.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伸展运动的重要性，以及如何在日常生活中进行伸展运动。
1．F 解析：根据上下文内容可知，上文提到不想做伸展运动，下文开始提问，为什么重要？多久做一次？空处应是一个过渡句。F项和上文构成转折关系，并引出下文，符合语境。
2．G 解析：根据上下文内容可知，下文提到了两个因素，上文只说了一个，空处应是另一个因素，G项符合语境，且选项中的also和上文构成顺承关系。
3．C 解析：根据上文“Stretching helps...as we grow into adults.”可知，本段介绍了伸展运动对人们的好处。C项承上启下，符合语境，介绍停止伸展时的坏处。
4．B 解析：空处是本段的主旨句。根据下文内容可知，本段主要介绍了伸展运动有助于缓解肌肉紧张和疼痛。B项符合语境。
5．E 解析：根据上文“When you get up...or a standing version.”可知，早上做一些简单的运动，或简单拉伸一下，这并不需要花费太多时间。E项符合语境。
B
(2024·新高考二模模拟)Experts often tell students to center their efforts on a narrow field to get a job after school.1.________．
One of the winners of 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal, who is 70 years old and works at the University of Copenhagen.When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”．
2．________. They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case.The researchers looked into past Nobel Prize winners and their students.3.________， some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.They are, in a way, learning how to be creative.
Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood, metal or in the arts than most scientists.The researchers also found that the Nobel winners have an open mind about their life experiences.Unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up their outside interests, 4.________．
The researchers say that, even among people who do not win big prizes, those with many interests are often successful.They pointed to a 2022 report about students who study two major fields in college. 5.________． Double majors are often more creative and more interested in starting their own businesses than those who centered on only one study area.
A．That study plan is called a “double major”
B．What we believe is of great benefit to them
C.Meldal's experience may come as a surprise to students
D.They discovered that if they helped each other afterwards
E．Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity
F．They found that when the students of winners went on to win Nobel Prizes
G．But recent research into Nobel Prize winners suggests that wider interests are important
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。一项针对诺贝尔奖获得者的研究发现，这些获奖者通常有多个领域的知识，广博的知识使他们在工作中能用不同的角度和方法思考问题。
1．G 解析：根据上下文可知，专家们经常告诉学生们要把精力集中在一个狭窄的领域找工作，但是，一些诺贝尔奖获奖者却做过不同的工作。G项与上文存在转折关系，符合语境。
2．C 解析：根据上下文可知，梅尔达尔的经历和他们认为的成功经验是不一样的。C项承上启下，符合语境，下文中的They指代选项中的students。
3．F 解析：根据上下文可知，此处在讲过去的诺贝尔奖得主对他们的学生的影响。F项承上启下，符合语境，且选项中的the students of winners对应上文中的winners and their students。
4．E 解析：根据上文内容可知，诺贝尔奖获得者兴趣广泛，而且不会放弃他们的业余爱好。E项承接上文，符合语境，且选项中的hobbies对应上文中的outside interests。
5．A 解析：根据上下文可知，此处在讲述双学位的问题。A项承上启下，符合语境。
高考必备词汇 [外刊]highlight v. 强调 team up with 与……合作 at a time一次 frequency n. 频率 investigate v. 调查 respond to回答；对……作出反应 [A篇]stretching n. 拉伸 element n. 元素 flexibility n. 灵活性 capacity n. 能力 muscle n. 肌肉 shorten v. 变短；缩短 seated adj. 坐下来的 version n. 版本 [B篇]career n. 职业 start out 开始；着手in a way在某种程度上 creative adj. 创造性的 double major 双学位 be of great benefit to 对……有很大的好处
四六级桥梁词汇 [外刊]sensory adj. 感觉的；感官的 perspective n. 观点；角度 predator n. 捕食者 implant v. 移植 electrode n. 电极 partially adv. 部分地 vibration n. 振动 [A篇]endurance n. 忍耐力 mobility n. 灵活性 efficiently adv. 高效地
合成词、派生词 [外刊]evolutionary adj. 进化的；演变的 soundproof adj. 隔音的 comparison n. 比较 [A篇]challenging adj. 挑战性的functionally adv. 功能地 moveless adj. 不动的；静止的
熟词生义 [外刊]control (熟义) v. 控制 (文章义) n. 参照实验 [A篇]mass (熟义) n. 团；块 (文章义) n. 质量[B篇]center (熟义) n. 中心 (文章义) v. 把……放在中央 field (熟义) n. 田野 (文章义) n. 领域 outside (熟义) adj. 外面的 (文章义) adj. 业余的
长难句分析 [外刊]But our research is the first to investigate how multiple snake species respond to sounds in a space where they can move freely.[分析] 本句是复合句。句中不定式“to investigate...”作后置定语，修饰the first；how引导宾语从句；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a space。[译文] 但我们的研究是首次调查多种蛇在可以自由移动的空间中如何对声音作出反应。[A篇]Some people are naturally more flexible than others, but no matter whether you can touch your toes or not, you should be working on your flexibility and mobility because the more moveless you are, the more your muscles are shortening, which in turn is causing you to be tighter.[分析] 本句是并列复合句。句中but后是no matter whether引导的让步状语从句，其对应的主句中含有because引导的原因状语从句，其中含有“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构；which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。[译文] 有些人天生就比其他人更灵活，但不管你是否能够到自己的脚趾，你都应该锻炼自己的柔韧性和灵活性，因为你活动得越少，你的肌肉就会收缩得越多，这反过来会使你的身体变得更僵硬。[B篇]When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”．[分析] 本句是复合句。句中When describing his career是时间状语从句的省略形式；主句中含有省略关系词的宾语从句“he started out...”；because 引导原因状语从句。[译文] 在描述他的职业生涯时，梅尔达尔说他最初是一名工程师，但后来转去学化学，因为他“想要了解这个世界”。