Unit 9 Human Biology
Section Ⅰ Topic Talk & Lesson 1 To Clone or Not to Clone
一、单句语法填空
1.Leonard made a rapid (calculate):he’d never make it in time.
2.We must encourage (innovate) if the company is to remain competitive.
3.As a matter of fact,we (artificial) built this building like an old one.
4.He is young,but he can speak English fluently and (accurate).
5.About ten minutes later,the conference came to a close with an (emotion) speech.
二、用方框中所给短语的适当形式完成句子
in comparison with be bound to participate in lead to be viewed as a great deal of be helpful for be capable of
1.He is less experienced,so I don’t think he this task.
2.You keep up with others as long as you don’t give up.
3.Generally speaking,living in the country is cheaper, the big cities.
4.I hope the two wise scholars’ ideas on learning can you.
5.As a mother,she often encourages her children to some activities.
6.It turned out that it was his carelessness that the terrible accident.
7.The girl the cleverest student in her class,but she was very modest.
三、阅读理解
With very few pandas left in the world,China is trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species.That’s a move similar to what researchers from Texas A & M University have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.
Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs,embryos(胚胎),and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen.If certain species should become extinct,Dr.Duane Kraemer,a professor in Texas A & M’s College of Veterinary Medicine,says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals,birds and reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years.The panda,native only to China,is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.
Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a white rabbit.They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy,and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes.“They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy.It takes a long time and it’s difficult,but this could be groundbreaking science if it works.They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk,so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer,who is one of the leaders of the Missyplicity project at Texas A & M.
“They are trying to do something that’s never been done,and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark.We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction.I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do.The research is very much needed.”
1.The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to .
A.make efforts to clone the endangered pandas
B.save endangered animals from dying out
C.collect DNA of endangered animals to study
D.transfer the nuclear of one animal to another
2.According to Professor Kraemer,the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of .
A.available panda eggs
B.host animals
C.qualified researchers
D.enough money
3.The best title for the passage may be “ ”.
A.China’s Success in Cloning Pandas
B.The First Cloned Panda in the World
C.Exploring the Possibility of Cloning Pandas
D.China—the Native Place of Pandas Forever
4.From the passage we know that .
A.Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a panda
B.scientists try to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit
C.Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone research
D.about two thousand species will probably die out in a century
四、完形填空
An 18-year-old boy from Connecticut saved a family of four.Justin Gavin 1 a car on fire as he walked down a local street.At that point,the local police department had received some 2 about a car on fire.Without an officer on the scene,Gavin 3 to the vehicle and help the woman in the car to 4 by opening its door.After 5 the woman,Gavin noticed there were also three children inside the car,which was 6 becoming enveloped in fire.As the 7 grew larger,Gavin managed to 8 all the kids out,including a 1-year-old baby.
“That got 9 because I didn’t know whether I was going to be able to get everyone out in time,” he said.“And 10 ,I did it.”
Later that day,Police Chief Fernando Spagnolo 11 Gavin a “Challenge Coin” to honour his heroics.The coin is typically only given to officers who perform a(n) 12 of bravery.
“I provide people with what’s called a challenge coin to 13 their heroic deeds or excellent work,” Spagnolo told Gavin in the department’s video.“It’s just to praise this heroic act that you do today,and just an expression of my 14 for you being a great member of this community.I hope that when you see the coin,it just 15 you of this day and you can think of all the good that came out of this for you and the family you saved.”
1.A.found B.set
C.covered D.missed
2.A.letters B.news
C.evidence D.calls
3.A.paced B.ran
C.shouted D.walked
4.A.stand B.recover
C.escape D.relax
5.A.attending B.serving
C.comforting D.rescuing
6.A.quickly B.secretly
C.totally D.hardly
7.A.flames B.noise
C.windows D.space
8.A.lock B.keep
C.drive D.pull
9.A.disappointing B.scary
C.embarrassing D.complex
10.A.evidently B.naturally
C.luckily D.suddenly
11.A.lent B.presented
C.showed D.promised
12.A.act B.speech
C.study D.thought
13.A.advertise B.recognise
C.check D.copy
14.A.hope B.relief
C.appreciation D.impression
15.A.rides B.informs
C.warns D.reminds
参考答案
一、1.calculation 2.innovation 3.artificially 4.accurately 5.emotional
二、1.is capable of 2.are bound to 3.in comparison with 4.be helpful for 5.participate in 6.led to 7.was viewed as
三、1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...save the endangered species.That’s a move similar to...”以及第二段内容可知,“Noah’s Ark”项目旨在拯救濒危动物。故选B项。
2.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy,and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem...”可知选A项。
3.C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,文章探讨的是探索克隆大熊猫的可能性。故选C项。
4.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals,birds and reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years.”可知选D项。
四、1.A 句意:Justin Gavin在当地一条街道上走时发现了一辆着火的汽车。find“发现”;set“设置”;cover“覆盖”;miss“想念”。故选A项。
2.D 句意:当时,当地警察局已经接到了一些关于一辆汽车着火的电话。根据常识可知,警察局先接到报警电话,然后出警。故选D项。
3.B 因为汽车着火了,Gavin要救人,所以是跑向汽车。故选B项。
4.C 因为汽车着火了,所以Gavin要打开车门帮助车里的人逃生。stand “站立”;recover“恢复”;escape“逃脱”;relax“放松”。故选C项。
5.D 句意:在营救了那个女人后,Gavin注意到车里还有三个孩子…… attend“出席”;serve“服务”;comfort“安慰”;rescue“营救”。故选D项。
6.A 根据上文可知,汽车着火了,火势迅猛,所以车很快就被大火包围了。故选A项。
7.A 句意:随着火势越来越大,Gavin设法把所有的孩子都拉(救)了出来,其中包括一个一岁的婴儿。根据前文“...which was becoming enveloped in fire.”可知,此处指火焰越来越大。故选A项。
8.D 因为Gavin要救人,所以设法把孩子从着火的车里拉出来。故选D项。
9.B 根据上文“...which was becoming enveloped in fire.”可知,大火包围了汽车,里面的孩子非常危险,所以当时的情况非常可怕。disappointing“令人失望的”;scary“可怕的”;embarrassing“令人尴尬的”;complex“复杂的”。故选B项。
10.C 句意:“这有点可怕,因为我不知道我是否能及时救出所有人,”他说。“幸运的是,我做到了。” 根据下文“I did it”可知,Gavin成功地做到了,所以是很幸运的。故选C项。
11.B 根据下文“...to honour his heroics.”可知,此处指警官授予Gavin类似奖章的东西。lend“借给”;present“授予”;show“展示”;promise“承诺”。故选B项。
12.A 根据最后一段中的“It’s just to praise this heroic act that you do today...”可知,这种硬币通常只发给行为勇敢的警官。故选A项。
13.B 根据下文“their heroic deeds or excellent work”可知,这是对英雄行为的承认和赏识。advertise“登广告”;recognise“承认;赏识”;check“检查”;copy“复制”。故选B项。
14.C 因为Gavin英勇救人的事迹,警官表达感激之情。hope“希望”;relief“轻松”;appreciation“欣赏;感激”;impression“印象”。故选C项。
15.D 根据下文“and you can think of all the good”可知,此处表达“使你想起这一天”。ride“骑”;inform“通知”;warn“警告”;remind“使想起”。故选D项。
7Section Ⅳ Grammar
一、单句语法填空
1.We (paint) the house before we moved in.
2.The recent election (be) the only thing on the news for the last three days.
3.They (study) the map of the country before they left.
4.A great many trees (plant) in the last few weeks.
5.Tom said he (read) the book twice.
二、阅读理解
Eating chocolate at least once a week could put off a heart attack,according to a new research.Chocolate is packed with plant chemicals that weaken inflammation(炎症) and help blood flow,explained scientists.
Lead author Dr Chayakrit Krittanawong said,“Our study suggests chocolate helps keep the heart’s blood vessels healthy.” It collected data from six trials that examined the link over the past five decades.A total of 336,289 people reported their intake.Those who ate chocolate more than once a week reduced their risk of coronary artery(冠状动脉) disease by eight percent.This was compared to peers who ate it less than once a week.
Chocolate is known to produce the same chemical in the brain as falling in love.Dr Krittanawong said,“Chocolate contains healthy nutrients such as flavonoids(类黄酮),polyphenols and stearic acid which may reduce inflammation.”
Known medically as HDL(high-density lipoprotein)(高密度脂蛋白),it helps to rid LDL (low-density lipoprotein) out of the body.When this collects,it causes vessels and arteries to become blocked up.It can stop blood flow to the heart or brain,causing a heart attack or stroke.Dr Krittanawong said,“In the past,clinical studies have shown chocolate is beneficial for blood pressure.”
Dark chocolate has long been known to have health benefits but recent research has suggested milk chocolate may also provide valuable nutrients to the heart.Dr Krittanawong pointed out his study did not investigate whether any particular type of chocolate was more beneficial—or if there was an ideal portion size.He said,“Chocolate appears promising for the prevention of coronary artery disease.But more research is needed to show how much and what kind of chocolate could be recommended.”
While it’s not clear how much is perfect,Dr Krittanawong warned people against overeating.He said,“Moderate amounts of chocolate seem to protect coronary arteries but it’s likely that large quantities do not.”
1.What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A.The result of the study.
B.The process of the study.
C.The participants of the study.
D.The intention of the study.
2.Which of the following can probably prevent blood flow
A.A heart attack.
B.A stroke.
C.High-density lipoprotein.
D.Low-density lipoprotein.
3.What does the recent study tell us
A.Chocolate is good for blood pressure.
B.Dark chocolate is beneficial for health.
C.Milk chocolate may also benefit the heart.
D.Chocolate contains special plant chemicals.
4.What’s Dr Krittanawong’s attitude towards chocolate’s preventing coronary artery disease
A.Indifferent. B.Hopeful.
C.Negative. D.Uncertain.
三、完形填空
When I was very young,I got badly burned by hot water.At that time,technology wasn’t 1 .I did get skin grafts(移植),but it was still pretty bad.Most of the damage was on my 2 and the skin was grafted from my leg,causing another large scar.
As I grew up,I struggled with my scars.In beach pictures I would 3 try to cover up my leg with my hand or hold something in front of me.I would hide in a high-necked dress,or else 4 any swim-suit-wearing activities completely.I missed out on a lot of fun.I could not 5 the fact that I had these scars and that they were a 6 .
When I was 19,one friend said to me,“Michelle,stop 7 ! Your burns are battle scars.You need to 8 them like a medal of honour!”
9 ,it took me 15 years to discover she was 10 .There are so many people with disabilities,but they didn’t feel 11 for themselves like I was.
Scars can be difficult to 12 .But in fact,it’s just damaged skin.It’s not a life sentence.I’m 13 that it took me so long to get over myself and my scars.
Life is about so much more than worrying about the flaws on our 14 .Now what I once considered burdens are indeed just battle wounds I can carry with 15 .
1.A.popular B.practical
C.fashionable D.advanced
2.A.head B.back
C.face D.chest
3.A.desperately B.similarly
C.happily D.slowly
4.A.post B.avoid
C.organise D.join
5.A.get over B.find out
C.go against D.look into
6.A.burden B.honour
C.danger D.comfort
7.A.showing B.quitting
C.hiding D.talking
8.A.care B.wear
C.exhibit D.collect
9.A.Similarly B.Luckily
C.Unfortunately D.Excitedly
10.A.reliable B.right
C.fair D.honest
11.A.pity B.regretful
C.puzzled D.angry
12.A.go away B.look at
C.deal with D.leave out
13.A.surprised B.convinced
C.curious D.disappointed
14.A.life B.character
C.soul D.body
15.A.respect B.responsibility
C.pride D.anxiety
四、语篇填空
What are microplastics(塑料微粒) and where do they come from Every year,there are millions of tons of microplastic particles 1. (introduce)to our oceans.The 2. (analyse) of this pollution is 3. (important) and urgent than ever.
They are in our oceans,rivers and lakes 4. we are facing a serious problem.The 5. (increase) pollution by microplastics finds its way into our food chain through marine animals and plants or drinking water.
These pollutions are of different 6.(origin).Some of them come 7. the large amount of plastic waste that floats in our seas.There are also ingredients of cosmetic products that gather in our water through waste water.
Almost daily,8. list of places where microplastics 9. (find) in high concentrations is extended.Riverbeds,soils and even drinking water also show 10. (notice) amounts of pollution.
参考答案
一、1.had painted 2.has been 3.had studied 4.have been planted 5.had read
二、1.A 段落大意题。根据第二段的 “Our study suggests chocolate helps keep the heart’s blood vessels healthy.” 和 “Those who ate chocolate more than once a week reduced their risk of coronary artery(冠状动脉) disease by eight percent. This was compared to peers who ate it less than once a week.” 可知, 本段主要介绍了Krittanawong博士新的研究结果。故选A项。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第四段的 “Known medically as HDL(high-density lipoprotein)(高密度脂蛋白), it helps to rid LDL (low-density lipoprotein) out of the body. When this collects, it causes vessels and arteries to become blocked up. It can stop blood flow to the heart or brain, causing a heart attack or stroke.” 可知, 当低密度脂蛋白聚集的时候, 它会造成动脉血管堵塞, 从而阻碍通往心脏或大脑的血液流通, 最终造成心脏病发作或中风。故选D项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第五段的 “... but recent research has suggested milk chocolate may also provide valuable nutrients to the heart.” 可知, 最近的研究表明, 牛奶巧克力也能为心脏提供有价值的营养物质, 即牛奶巧克力可能对心脏也有好处。故选C项。
4.B 推理判断题。根据第五段的 “Chocolate appears promising for the prevention of coronary artery disease.” 可知, Krittanawong博士对 “巧克力预防冠状动脉疾病的作用” 是 “充满希望的”。故选B项。
三、1.D 根据下后文“I did get skin grafts(移植),but it was still pretty bad.”可知,植皮手术不是很成功,由此可知,当时这项技术不先进。popular“流行的”;practical“实际的”;fashionable“流行的”;advanced“先进的”。故选D项。
2.D 根据第二段中的“...hold something in front of me.”可知,作者胸部有伤, 所以在沙滩拍照时会在胸前拿着东西。故选D项。
3.A 根据上文“...causing another large scar.”可知,因为作者身上有伤疤,所以作者在沙滩拍照时,拼命地用手遮住伤疤处。desperately“拼命地,不顾一切地”;similarly“相似地”;happily“开心地”;slowly“慢慢地”。故选A项。
4.B 根据本段第一句“As I grew up,I struggled with my scars.”可知,因为作者身上有伤疤,所以作者避免参加穿泳衣的任何活动。post“邮寄”;avoid“避免”;organise“组织”;join“加入”。故选B项。
5.A 根据上文“I missed out on a lot of fun.”可知,因为作者无法克服自己对这些伤疤的心理阴影,所以他错过了生活中的许多乐趣。get over“克服”;find out“找到”;go against“违反”;look into“调查”。故选A项。
6.A 根据上文“I could not the fact that I had these scars...”可知,因为作者无法克服自己的心理阴影,所以这对作者来说是负担。故选A项。
7.C 根据上文描述“I would hide in a high-necked dress,or else any swimsuit-wearing activities completely.”可知,作者总是遮挡自己的伤疤,不想让别人看到。show“展示”;quit“停止”;hide“遮挡”;talk“谈话”。故选C项。
8.B 因为作者身上有伤疤,所以此处表示朋友建议作者要像戴荣誉勋章一样戴着它们。故选B项。
9.C 根据下文“it took me 15 years...”可知,因为作者花费很长时间才明白朋友说的话,所以这对作者来说是不幸的。similarly“相似地”;luckily“幸运地”;unfortunately“不幸地”;excitedly“激动地”。故选C项。
10.B 根据下文“There are so many people with disabilities,but they didn’t...”和“But in fact,it’s just damaged skin.It’s not a life sentence.”可知,作者后来明白朋友说的话是对的。故选B项。
11.A 根据转折连词but可知,此处表达这些残疾人不会对自己感到惋惜。feel pity for...意为“为……感到惋惜”。故选A项。
12.C 句意:疤痕很难处理。go away“离开”;look at“看”;deal with“处理”;leave out“不包括”。故选C项。
13.D 根据下文“...it took me so long to get over myself and my scars.”可知,因为作者花了很长时间才克服自己对伤疤的心理阴影,所以作者对自己感到失望。surprised“惊讶的”;convinced“坚信”;curious“好奇的”;disappointed“失望的”。故选D项。
14.D 根据上文“But in fact,it’s just damaged skin.”和前几段的描述可知,作者建议我们不要担心身体上的缺陷。故选D项。
15.C 根据上文“Now what I once considered burdens are indeed just battle wounds...”可知,作者现在认清了所谓的伤疤,他可以自豪地去接受了。respect“尊重”;responsibility“责任”;pride“骄傲”;anxiety“焦虑”。故选C项。
四、1.introduced 2.analysis 3.more important 4.so/that 5.increasing 6.origins 7.from 8.the 9.are found 10.noticeable
8Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 Brain Power & Lesson 3 Epidemics Explained
一、单句语法填空
1.I couldn’t put my heart into my lessons with all that noise (go) on outside.
2.I think that many residents are (oppose) to the plan of cutting the trees to build the highway.
3.How many members have (official) registered in the club
4.The old man opened the old book to see the (underline) sentences.
5.You shouldn’t miss the opportunity to see the play—it’s (rare) put on.
二、用方框中所给短语的适当形式完成句子
consist of,make up,up to,as a result of,go up,get over,come up with,be caught in,be buried in,
result in
1.It is impolite to interrupt a student who his lessons.
2.Believe it or not,the new hall can hold 2,000 visitors.
3.Who do you think is likely to such a nice idea
4.The man is so humorous that he often some funny jokes.
5.It was his casual attitude towards his work that his failure.
6.It is reported that a team 20 people has been sent there.
7.He the traffic jam.As a result,he was late for the meeting.
8.He was so strong-minded that he always tried his best to the difficulties.
9.The prices may quite substantially.
10.We had to stay indoors all the weekend the heavy rain.
三、选词填空
1.depressing;depressed
If I stayed there,my life would be empty and .
She was because she had lost touch with her relatives.
2.classify;classification
We have developed a system to animal species.
The of books in the library helps you find the books you want.
3.thorough;thoroughly
He is surprised to find his room clean.
I gave the radio a inspection before buying it.
4.system;systematic
The school offered a course in reading.
The solar consists of the sun and its planets.
5.globe;global
This plant can grow in many parts of the .
The shortage of water has become a problem.
6.actual;actually
I am not joking.These were his words.
One afternoon,I got bored and fell asleep for a few minutes.
四、阅读理解
For most of us,the world’s southernmost point seems like a pretty place,but for Hannah,Hannalore,Sophie and Julia,it’s home.Each year they spend five months living and working in Port welcoming visiting ships and,best of all,watching over the local penguins(企鹅).
They live on a tiny island,but share it with about 2,000 gentoo penguins and their chicks,as well as other birds.Life here is different every day and depends on weather and ice conditions,as well as the visiting ships’ schedules.Port Lockroy is one of the most visited places in Antarctica,with one to three ships visiting a day.Between ship visits they have other duties to attend to.These include maintenance jobs,sending postcards from the post office,checking conditions on the historical items in the museum and monitoring the penguin colonies and other wildlife.
Hannah spends much time stamping people’s postcards,which makes her happy.For Sophie,the most amazing thing about her job is being able to live and work with her feathery friends,the penguins.Sophie says they have to make sure the penguins are not disturbed when they are resting or waddling(摇摆地行走) their way back to their nests.They mark specific routes for visitors to walk on so that they don’t use the penguins’ highways.
1.What can we learn from the passage
A.How to live and work in Antarctica.
B.What the real life is like in Antarctica.
C.What the four women do in Antarctica.
D.How to explore the beauty of Antarctica.
2.Which of the following is TRUE about Port Lockroy
A.Postcards from Port Lockroy are free of charge.
B.Port Lockroy welcomes the most tourists in Antarctica.
C.Weather is a factor to consider if people are to visit Port Lockroy.
D.When visiting Port Lockroy,tourists can travel wherever as they like.
3.In which column of the newspaper are you most likely to read the passage
A.Book review.
B.People in the news.
C.Economics and business.
D.Sports and events.
五、七选五阅读理解
Germs are tiny organisms that can cause disease—and they’re so small that they can creep into your system without your noticing.
Bacteria are tiny,single-celled organisms that are found throughout nature,including in the bodies of human beings.A certain number of bacteria are good for our bodies—they help keep the digestive system in working order and keep harmful bacteria from moving in. 1 But bacteria can cause trouble like viruses,too.
2 But some viruses,such as those that cause hepatitis(肝炎),can survive on surfaces for a week or longer and still be able to cause infections.Once they’ve moved into your body,viruses spread easily and can make you quite sick.
The best way to prevent the infections that germs cause is by protecting yourself.Most germs are spread through the air in sneezes or coughs.
Washing your hands often is absolutely the best way to stop germs from getting into your body. 3 After using the bathroom,after blowing your nose or coughing,after touching any pets or animals,after gardening,or before and after visiting a sick relative or friend. 4
Another way to fight infections from germs is to make sure you have the right immunisations,especially if you’ll be travelling to other countries. 5
With a little prevention,you can keep harmful germs out of your way!
A.When should you wash
B.If you or someone else is sick
C.And of course you should wash your hands before eating or cooking.
D.How can you protect yourself from germs
E.Getting a flu vaccination yearly is strongly recommended,unless your doctor tells you otherwise.
F.Some bacteria are even used to produce medicines and vaccines.
G.Most viruses can only live for a very short time outside other living cells.
参考答案
一、1.going 2.opposed 3.officially 4.underlined 5.rarely
二、1.is buried in 2.up to 3.come up with 4.makes up 5.resulted in 6.consisting of 7.was caught in 8.get over 9.go up 10.as a result of
三、1.depressing;depressed 2.classify;classification 3.thoroughly;thorough
4.systematic;system 5.globe;global 6.actual;actually
四、1.C 推理判断题。根据第一段的 “For most of us, the world’s southernmost point seems like a pretty place, but for Hannah, Hannalore, Sophie and Julia, it’s home. Each year they spend five months living and working ...” 以及下文对这四位女性在南极洲工作的介绍可知, 我们可以从文中了解到这四位女性在南极洲做什么。故选C项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段的 “Life here is different every day and depends on weather and ice conditions, as well as the visiting ships’ schedules.” 可知, 这里的生活每天都不同, 取决于天气、冰况, 还有船只的日程安排。由此推知, 如果人们要去这个港口, 天气是一个需要考虑的因素。故选C项。
3.B 推理判断题。根据文章大意可知, 文章主要讲述了四位女性在南极洲的一个港口迎接来访的船只并照看本地企鹅的故事。由此推知, 本文主要讲述了四位女性, 所以最有可能在报纸的 “新闻人物” 专栏里读到这篇文章。故选B项。
五、1.F 2.G 3.A 4.C 5.E
5Section Ⅲ Writing Workshop,Viewing Workshop & Reading Club
一、完成句子
1.第一段和最后一段在长度上不同。
The first paragraph the last one .
2.这个年轻人被怀疑袭击了受害者。
The young man the victim.
3.他发现了一些与这个现象有关的信息。
He identified some information .
4.那天晚上发生了火灾,导致超过10人遇难。
A fire broke out that night, .
5.那位天文学家说,这会带来气候方面相应的变化。
The astronomer said that this would in climate.
二、阅读理解
To keep our brains sharp as we age,we are often told to keep our minds active.As the old saying goes,“Use it or lose it.” But there is very little scientific evidence to support that.So says Denise Park.
Denise Park is head of the University’s Centre for Vital Longevity.She designed a study in which she and her team placed 221 healthy aging and older adults into three groups.
“We asked people to learn new things,like quilting(做被子) or photography.We asked other people to just do fun things like being in a social group.And then we asked the other people to do things at home that would help their cognition but wouldn’t have a very large effect.”
The subjects took part in their assigned activities for 15 hours a week over three months.At the end of that time,the researchers found that the adults who learnt new skills,such as digital photography,showed the greatest improvements on memory tests.
No improvements were seen in the results of those in the social group that did activities together like going on field trips.There were also no improvements among the third group that listened to classical music or did crossword puzzles.Denise Park believes one reason for improved memory in the active learning group is that its members were being pushed to learn new skills.Learning new skills may not cure age-related mental decline.But Ms Park thinks being mentally active slows down the process.
Denise Park says the latest information shows that the improvements lasted for at least a year.She and her team plan to do longer follow-up studies with all three groups.She is also interested in learning whether taking part in demanding mental activities delays the development of conditions like Alzheimer’s disease.
1.What may the second group be asked to do
A.To learn to take photos.
B.To listen to music.
C.To go hiking together.
D.To do some washing.
2.What did Denise Park and her team find
A.Doing more exercises can help slow down our bodies’ aging.
B.Having a relaxing life is beneficial to keep our mind sharp.
C.Keeping our mind active is related to our health.
D.Learning new skills may help slow down aging minds.
3.If you want to keep your brain sharp,you could .
A.go swimming with your friends
B.play chess with your family
C.learn how to repair the computer
D.do crossword puzzles online
4.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Denise Park won’t have a further study with all three groups.
B.The improvements created by learning new skills can last for period of time.
C.Mental activities can delay the development of conditions like Alzheimer’s disease.
D.Denise Park found that learning new skills could cure some mental diseases.
三、完形填空
A teenage girl fainted(晕倒) yesterday at Stonechester High School after skipping meals.Jennifer told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell.She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to 1 .
Jennifer was 2 immediately.Her parents told the doctor that their daughter 3 breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before. 4 ,she is now out of danger.Her doctor says that she will make a full 5 in a day or two.
Jennifer’s classmates say that she has 6 with eating problems for a long time.“Jennifer thought that skipping 7 would be a simple way to 8 weight,” her friend Laura said.“She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months.She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.I 9 her that skipping meals was unhealthy,but she wouldn’t listen.”
Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the 10 of the unhealthy weight-loss habits.In a society where being 11 is often seen as being beautiful,teenagers sometimes 12 extreme methods to slim down quickly.Health experts are concerned.They are increasing their 13 to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.One expert points out that it is 14 to have a healthy and balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.All teenagers are strongly encouraged to follow these lifestyle tips,because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into 15 .
1.A.school B.hospital
C.home D.class
2.A.registered B.identified
C.treated D.recognised
3.A.missed B.preferred
C.recommended D.delivered
4.A.Possibly B.Fortunately
C.Hardly D.Gradually
5.A.sense B.difference
C.recovery D.use
6.A.cheated B.exchanged
C.protested D.struggled
7.A.meals B.classes
C.steps D.details
8.A.watch B.lose
C.gain D.quit
9.A.prevented B.affected
C.warned D.requested
10.A.tips B.ways
C.dangers D.advantages
11.A.cool B.thin
C.fat D.unhealthy
12.A.turn to B.refer to
C.make up D.apply for
13.A.efforts B.lifestyles
C.worries D.risks
14.A.specific B.difficult
C.obvious D.important
15.A.business B.contact
C.shape D.trouble
四、语篇填空
It is easy to overlook 1. role that your body plays in 2. (influence) your mood.When you are ill,you may find 3. (you) blaming work pressure or an unknown future.However,it could just be that you have been sitting behind your desk too long.
One way 4. (improve) your mood is exercise.Psychologically,it provides you 5. a break from the stresses in your life.Also,in the process,you may aim for clear goals,like a new 6. (person) running record or a better body shape.The achievement of a particular goal 7. (make) you feel good and contributes to your 8. (confident).That is why exercise has been shown to build up your self-respect.
You do not have to train yourself hard to feel the psychological benefits of exercise.What 9. (real) matters is frequency,not intensity of your exercise.You can try walking 10. 30 minutes five times per week or simply gardening on weekends.
五、选词创境
运用下列写作词汇,自己创设一个语境,形成一个小语段。
artificial;cloning;innovation;treatment;betterment;crucial;moral;abuse
参考答案
一、1.differs from;in length 2.was suspected of attacking 3.related to this phenomenon 4.killing more than 10 people 5.bring a corresponding change
二、1.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We asked other people to just do fun things like being in a social group.”和第五段中的“No improvements were seen in the results of those in the social group that did activities together like going on field trips.”可推测,第二组可能被要求一起去远足。故选C项。
2.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Learning new skills may not cure age-related mental decline.But Ms Park thinks being mentally active slows down the process.”可知,学习新技能有助于减缓大脑老化。故选D项。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At the end of that time,the researchers found that the adults who learnt new skills,such as digital photography,showed the greatest improvements on memory tests.”可知,要想让大脑保持敏锐,应该学新的技能。故选C项。
4.B 根据最后一段中的“Denise Park says the latest information shows that the improvements lasted for at least a year.”可知,学习新技能导致的记忆提高能持续一段时间。故选B项。
三、1.B 根据上文“She then passed out in her morning PE lesson...”和后文“Her parents told the doctor...”可知, Jennifer被送往医院了。故选B项。
2.C 根据上文的分析可知,Jennifer在体育课上晕倒后被紧急送往医院,因此她在医院里立即接受治疗。register“登记”;identify“识别”;treat“治疗”;recognise“承认”。故选C项。
3.A 根据上文“A teenage girl fainted(晕倒) yesterday at Stonechester High School after skipping meals.”和下文“She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months.”可知,Jennifer没有吃早餐(错过早餐)。miss“错过”;prefer“更喜爱”;recommend“建议”;deliver“运送”。故选A项。
4.B 句意:幸运的是,Jennifer脱离了危险。possibly“可能地”;fortunately“幸运地”;hardly “几乎不”;gradually“逐渐地”。故选B项。
5.C 根据上文“...she is now out of danger.”可以推知, Jennifer一两天内能够康复。sense“感觉”;difference“差异”;recovery“康复;痊愈”;use“使用”。故选C项。
6.D 根据下文“She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months.”可知,Jennifer与饮食问题斗争了很长一段时间。cheat“欺骗”;exchange“交换”;protest“抗议”;struggle“斗争”。故选D项。
7.A 句意:Jennifer以为不吃饭是一个简单的减肥方法。meal“餐”;class“课”;step“步骤”;detail“细节”。故选A项。
8.B 句意同上。lose weight“减肥”。故选B项。
9.C 根据下文“that skipping meals was unhealthy”可知,朋友提醒过Jennifer。prevent“阻止”;affect“影响”;warn“提醒注意”;request“要求”。故选C项。
10.C 句意:Jennifer的案例提醒我们,不健康减肥是危险的。tip“指点”;way“方法”;danger“危险”;advantage“优势”。故选C项。
11.B 根据下文“...teenagers sometimes extreme methods to slim down quickly.”可知,这里指以“瘦”为美。故选B项。
12.A 根据语境和常识可知,青少年为了身材苗条,有时求助于极端的瘦身方法。turn to“求助于”;refer to“参考”;make up“弥补”;apply for“申请”。故选A项。
13.A 根据上文“Health experts are concerned.”可知,健康专家很担忧,所以他们加大努力教育青少年了解快速减肥的副作用。effort“努力”;lifestyle“生活方式”;worry “担心”;risk“危险”。故选A项。
14.D 根据下文“...since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.” 以及常识可知,健康均衡的饮食对于青少年的成长是很重要的。故选D项。
15.C 根据上文“...that it is to have a healthy and balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.”等信息可知,本文讲述的是在减肥过程中,青少年正确饮食,身体健康成长的问题,所以此处指的是强身健体。get into shape“强身健体”。故选C项。
四、1.the 2.influencing 3.yourself 4.to improve 5.with 6.personal 7.makes
8.confidence 9.really 10.for
五、Artificial cloning has always been controversial since its appearance.Some people consider it a medical innovation and breakthrough,which can be used in the treatment of serious diseases for the betterment of mankind.It is crucial for scientific advancement.However,others raise moral concerns.They also worry that the technology may be abused for unethical purposes.
9第九单元测评
(时间:120分钟 满分:150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How long does the man want to stay in the hotel
A.One night.
B.Two nights.
C.Three nights.
2.What does the woman prefer to do
A.To prepare supper.
B.To stay at home.
C.To eat out.
3.What happened to the man
A.He hit something.
B.His car’s windscreen was hit by a stone.
C.He was hit by a stone.
4.What did the man do after he lost his passport
A.He went to see the foreign student advisor.
B.He went to Washington.
C.He went to the Passport Office.
5.What does the man want to do on Saturday night
A.To go to a pop concert.
B.To go to see a play.
C.To go to see a movie.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。
6.What are the speakers mainly talking about
A.Old buildings.
B.A movie.
C.The travelling route.
7.What is the city famous for
A.Its long history.
B.Its delicious food.
C.Its beautiful sight.
8.What does the woman probably do
A.She is a history teacher.
B.She is a tour guide.
C.She is a museum worker.
听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。
9.What does the band still need
A.A drummer.
B.A leading singer.
C.A guitar player.
10.Where will the band that the woman organised perform
A.At concert halls.
B.At some parties.
C.At restaurants.
11.Why isn’t the man sure of joining the band
A.Because he doesn’t think he is good enough.
B.Because he doesn’t have time to practise.
C.Because he isn’t interested in joining the band.
听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。
12.When will the man rent a house
A.In spring.
B.In summer.
C.In autumn.
13.How long is the man’s vacation
A.For 8 weeks.
B.For 7 weeks.
C.For 6 weeks.
14.How much does the house cost
A.$280.
B.$380.
C.Not mentioned.
听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。
15.How long did the man study Spanish
A.For one year.
B.For two years.
C.For three years.
16.What might be the woman’s second language
A.German. B.Spanish. C.Chinese.
17.What does the man think about learning a second language
A.It’s interesting.
B.It’s easy.
C.It’s difficult.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18.Who is the speaker most probably speaking to
A.Football players ready for a match.
B.Exchange students from abroad.
C.Soldiers coming back to their families.
19.Where should Mary Clinton meet her host family
A.In the very hall where the speaker is speaking.
B.Downstairs at the end of the dining room near the doors into the garden.
C.Downstairs at the end of the dining room by the drinks machine.
20.Where must Oliver Twist go to meet his host family
A.Nowhere but stay where he is now.
B.Downstairs to the dining room.
C.Out of the hall to the parking area.
第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale was born in Florence,Italy,while her wealthy English parents were travelling in Europe.As a child,she travelled to many places with her family and learnt how to speak several languages.
When Nightingale was 17,she told her family that she was going to help sick people.Her parents did not approve,but Nightingale was determined.
She travelled to hospitals all over Europe.She saw that doctors were working too hard.She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care.Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.
Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more,they needed special training in how to take care of sick people.Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing.Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During Illness.These women cared for sick people in their homes.
In 1854,England was fighting a war with Russia.No reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded.People demanded that something be done about it.A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals.So,in November 1854,Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital.
She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.
At first,the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals.They did not believe that women could help.But in fact,the nurses did make a difference.They worked around the clock,tending the sick.Thanks to their hard work,many wounded soldiers survived.
After the war,Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes.Finally,in 1860,she started the Nightingale School for Nurses.In time,thanks to Florence Nightingale,nursing became an important part of medicine.
21.Nightingale’s parents did not approve of her decision .
A.to work as a doctor
B.to care for sick people
C.to fight in the war with Russia
D.to travel to hospitals all over Europe
22.It was not until the war with Russia that Nightingale .
A.began to study nursing
B.got to work in a hospital
C.started to care for sick people in their homes
D.became the head of Gentlewomen During Illness
23.Nightingale played a great role in .
A.the education of women
B.the development of nursing
C.the building of war hospitals
D.the improvement of working conditions for women
B
The 92-year-old,thin,calm and proud lady,who is fully dressed each morning by eight o’clock,even though she is nearly blind,moved to a nursing home today.
Her husband of 70 years recently passed away,making the move necessary.After many hours of waiting patiently in the hall of the nursing home,she smiled sweetly when I told her that her room was ready.
As she walked slowly to the elevator,I provided a true description of her tiny room,including the old sheets that had been hung on her window.“I love it,” she said with the happiness of an eight-year-old having just been presented with a new puppy.
“Mrs Jones,you haven’t seen the room...just wait.”
“That doesn’t matter,” she replied.“Happiness is something you decide ahead of time.Whether I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is arranged.It’s how I arranged my mind.I have already decided to love it.It’s a decision I make every morning when I wake up.Each day is a gift,and as long as my eyes open,I’ll focus on the new day and all the happy memories I’ve stored away.” She went on to explain,“Old age is like a bank account.You take what you’ve put in.So,my advice to you would be to put in a lot of happiness in the bank account of memories.Thank you for your part in filling my memory bank.” And with a smile,she said,“All my memories are happy ones.”
24.We can infer from the passage that the author .
A.is one of Mrs Jones’ children
B.is a relative of Mrs Jones
C.works in the nursing home
D.is the owner of the nursing home
25.The room in which the old lady will live .
A.is very comfortable
B.is fairly big
C.isn’t well equipped
D.is equipped with new furniture
26.Mrs Jones was very happy when told about her room because she .
A.couldn’t see what her room was like
B.thought the nursing home was her home
C.would have to live in the nursing home
D.had already made up her mind to be happy
27.Which of the following words can best describe Mrs Jones
A.Proud. B.Cheerful.
C.Determined. D.Honest.
C
We all know fresh is best when it comes to food.However,most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table.While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey,Babylon Micro-Farm(BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set up for a family.Additionally,it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital,restaurant or school.The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically,it’s a farm that relies on new technology.By connecting through the Cloud,BMF is remotely monitored.Also,there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.Because the system is automated,it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.Rather than watering rows of soil,the system provides just the right amount to each plant.After harvest,users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod(容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover,having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions(排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad.In addition,there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to work.Inside the office,they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.“We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee.
28.What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A.It guarantees the variety of food.
B.It requires day-to-day care.
C.It cuts the farm-to-table distance.
D.It relies on farmer’s markets.
29.What information does the convenient app offer
A.Real-time weather changes.
B.Current condition of the plants.
C.Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D.Availability of pre-seeded pods.
30.What can be concluded about BMF employees
A.They have a great passion for sports.
B.They are devoted to community service.
C.They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D.They have a strong environmental awareness.
31.What does the text mainly talk about
A.BMF’s major strengths.
B.BMF’s general management.
C.BMF’s global influence.
D.BMF’s technical standards.
D
Tu Youyou,the Chinese pharmacologist(药理学家),received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in December,2015.Tu Youyou is the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize.Also in 2011,she became the first Chinese person to receive the US-based Lasker Award for clinical(临床) medicine.
Based on a fourth-century Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) text,together with her team,she managed to get artemisinin(青蒿素) from sweet wormwood through trial and error and developed an important drug that has significantly reduced death rates among patients suffering from malaria.Tu delivered a speech titled Artemisinin—A Gift from Traditional Chinese Medicine to the World.She has urged more research into the benefits of traditional Chinese medicine and called for joint efforts worldwide to fight against malaria and develop more potential uses for TCM which she called a “great treasure” with thousands of years’ history.She said that by combining TCM with modern scientific technologies “more potential can be discovered in searching for new drugs”.
According to the WHO,more than 240 million people in sub-Saharan Africa have benefited from artemisinin and more than 1.5 million lives are estimated to have been saved since 2000 thanks to the drug.Apart from its contribution to the global fight against malaria,TCM played a vital role in the deadly outbreak of SARS across China in 2003.
Besides treating viruses,TCM has been most effective in diagnosing(诊断) diseases,cultivating fitness,treating difficult multisource illnesses(多源性疾病) and using non-medicinal methods(非药物的方法) such as acupuncture(针灸疗法) and breathing exercises.
“However,TCM,which is based on a set of beliefs about human biology,is seldom understood or accepted by the West.Tu’s success will bring more recognition and respect for TCM,”experts say.The Western world should learn to appreciate the value of the treasures of TCM,which will lead to more basic scientific research into ancient TCM texts and ways to explore research findings worldwide.
32.In this passage the author mentions prize(s) that Tu Youyou received.
A.one B.two
C.three D.four
33.The underlined word “malaria” in paragraph 2 refers to “a kind of ”.
A.medicine B.animal
C.plant D.disease
34.What can we learn from the passage
A.Tu’s success only encourages Chinese to learn more about TCM.
B.Nothing remains to be done in researching into TCM theories and texts.
C.More research into the value of TCM should be carried out worldwide.
D.TCM only contributes to the fight against malaria and SARS in China.
35.What’s the passage mainly about
A.TCM is based on thousands of years of practice in China.
B.Nobel Prize winner Tu Youyou strongly supports TCM research.
C.Artemisinin is now widely used to fight against Malaria.
D.Westerners will appreciate the value of the treasures of TCM.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialised countries. 36 In general,they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.One reason for this is biological.
One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones(激素) between men and women. 37 Between the ages of about 12 and 50,women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力).These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.In fact,women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.
38 They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men.The common cold is a good example:women,on average,get fewer colds than men.
39 Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging,but they believe that they do.Some think that a woman’s body cells have a tendency(倾向) to age more slowly than a man’s.Others think that a man’s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly. 40
A.However,women,on average,live longer.
B.The biological factor plays an important part.
C.Women are also helped by their female genes.
D.The female hormones also protect the body in another way.
E.Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.
F.Therefore,women are healthier than men and can live a better life.
G.Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a rainy and foggy day,and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house.But she insisted that I come to see something at the top of the mountain 41 .
So here I was, 42 making the two-hour journey through the fog that hung like veils.
“How far is it ” I asked.
“About three minutes,” she said.“I’ll 43 —I’m used to it.”
After ten minutes on the mountain road,I looked at her 44 .“I thought you said three minutes.”
She 45 ,“This is a detour.”
Turning down a narrow track,we parked the car and got out.
From the top of the mountain,sloping for several acres across folds and valleys,were 46 of colourful daffodils.It looked as though the sun had 47 gold down the mountainside.Here and there were coral-coloured tulips.And as if these were not 48 ,western bluebirds played over the heads of the daffodils joyfully.
Who created such beauty How When
As we 49 the home that stood in the centre of the property,we saw a(n) 50 that read:“Answers to the Questions I Know You Are 51 About.”
The first answer was:“One Woman—Two Hands,Two Feet,and Very Little 52 .” The second was:“One at a Time.” The third:“Started in 1958.”
One at a time.She started almost 40 years ago,probably just the beginning of an idea,but she 53 at it.The wonder of it would not let me 54 .“I imagine,” I said.“If I’d had an idea and worked at it,just a little bit every day,what might I have 55 ”
41.A.at last B.once more
C.anytime D.anyway
42.A.unwillingly B.disappointedly
C.fearlessly D.excitedly
43.A.drive B.check
C.see D.experiment
44.A.innocently B.respectfully
C.anxiously D.gratefully
45.A.panicked B.hesitated
C.accepted D.smiled
46.A.pictures B.fantasies
C.rivers D.smells
47.A.swallow B.turned
C.poured D.washed
48.A.instructive B.tiring
C.standard D.enough
49.A.recognised B.abandoned
C.discovered D.approached
50.A.sign B.woman
C.machine D.instruction
51.A.Curious B.Enthusiastic
C.Doubtful D.Hopeful
52.A.Age B.Brain
C.Effort D.Help
53.A.kept B.rushed
C.wondered D.struck
54.A.think B.attempt
C.go D.suffer
55.A.missed B.caused
C.advanced D.achieved
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many kids love to listen to music and dance.But for children with special medical needs,joining in a 56. (tradition) dance class can be difficult.
Thanks 57. physical therapist(治疗师) Kellie Lightfoot,young people in Northeast Ohio have the benefit of a special programme called Dance Unlimited.Lightfoot founded the programme at Akron Children’s Hospital in 2012.It gives kids aged four and up a chance 58. (dance) while they are still getting the benefits of physical therapy.
Dance goes beyond meeting the kids’ physical needs.During class,they meet other kids,build 59. (confident),and make friends,which will help a lot in treating their diseases.
The students have two big public performances each year.At a recent performance in Akron,the dancers’ hard work 60. (pay) off on stage,allowing them to shine in front of people.
Lightfoot,61. started dancing before the age of three,is working hard to help children with special needs.“I just always wanted to combine the two things that I love,and I feel like this is 62. I am meant to do,” she said.
Getting all of the kids 63. (involve) in the class requires a team,which 64. (make) up of therapists,dancers,and ordinary people.They all act as dance assistants so that all of the children can join in.
Lightfoot hopes to expand Dance Unlimited so that more kids with physical problems can 65. (possible) reach their full potential.
第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
最近你班就是否发展克隆技术进行了讨论。请按以下写作要点写一篇短文。要点如下:
1.支持:克隆技术有益人类;
2.反对:引起伦理问题;
3.你的观点。
注意:词数80左右。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写词数应为150左右。
Claudia’s mum first saw the advertisement in a newspaper.The advertisement told of an AmeriCorps-sponsored workshop to train 100 teenagers in leadership skills and community service.Claudia sent in her application and was one of the teenagers chosen to go to FortDevens,Massachusetts,in the summer when she was 16.
During the leadership training,Claudia worked with a team of 10 kids.Together they surveyed,planned,and set up a meeting for minority business owners to find out how crime and safety affected them.After surveying more than 150 people,Claudia and her friends provided information to businesses about alarm systems and other safety measures.
At the end of her AmeriCorps training,Claudia was one of only two teens chosen to attend a Sumner of Safety National Forum.She received more training there and returned home with enthusiasm.
That’s when her mum told her about a problem at the day-care centre where she worked.All day long,kids from a nearby housing project would press their noses against the windows of the centre,knocking and begging to use the playground.But the playground was always locked,and only children whose parents paid for day care were allowed to use it.
“That’s when it hit me,” Claudia remembers.“I had really developed my leadership skills and a desire to serve by helping those small businesses.So I went to a teacher at Framingham High School and made a proposal for an after-school programme for those children living in the low-income housing project.” Claudia received lots of support from about 20 other teens in a service club at the high school.
The project wasn’t easy.First,Claudia struggled to find a place to house the programme.The Framingham Housing Authority finally agreed to donate a facility next door to the day-care centre.Claudia immediately organised her friends to collect donations of crayons,paper,scissors,and supplies from teachers and day-care centres.Then she made a flyer (传单) and distributed it around the housing project.
Only a few kids showed up on the first day.
When Claudia graduated from high school,another girl from the service club took over the programme,and it’s still running.
参考答案
附:听力原文
(Text 1)
W:Good morning,Grand Hotel.
M:Hello,I’d like to book a room for the nights of the 18th and 19th.
(Text 2)
M:Would you like to eat at home or eat out tonight
W:I’d rather go out,but I don’t mind preparing supper at home if you don’t want to go.
(Text 3)
W:How on Earth did that happen Did you hit something
M:No.I was driving along when a stone suddenly hit the windscreen.
W:How terrible!
(Text 4)
W:What did you do after you lost your passport
M:I went to see the foreign student advisor,and he reported it to the Passport Office in Washington.
(Text 5)
W:Good morning,Cambridge Theatre.Can I help you
M:Good morning.Have you got any tickets for the pop concert on Saturday night
(Text 6)
M:Miss Li,could you tell me where we shall visit today
W:Sure.First,we shall visit an ancient king’s palace,and then a very beautiful lake.
M:I would also like to take a tour of the city and appreciate the styles of the construction of the Song Dynasty.
W:Time permitting,we shall get a glimpse of the downtown district along the way.There are a lot of old buildings on both sides of the streets.
M:What is the city famous for
W:Its long history.There are many well-known historical sites around here,such as the Song Dynasty town.Many unearthed historical relics are displayed in the city museum.It is really worth a visit.
M:Got it,thanks a lot.
(Text 7)
W:Robert,you play the guitar,don’t you
M:I used to.But I haven’t played it for a very long time.I don’t really have time these days with all my studies.Why do you ask
W:I’m trying to organise a band to play at some parties on weekends.We still need a guitar player.
M:Well,I don’t know,but your idea sounds fun to me.
W:Oh,it will be.If you want to give it a try,you’re in.Besides,it’s a great chance to get out and meet people.
M:But I haven’t practised for a long time.I don’t know if I remember any songs I used to play.
W:Don’t worry about it.I just thought I’d ask you to try and join us sometime when we were practising.We’ll be practising for a few months before we give performances.
M:OK.I’ll have a try.
W:I’m sure you can make it.And it will be fun,too.
(Text 8)
W:Good morning!May I help you
M:Yes.My wife and I are interested in renting a house for the summer.
W:Do you want a furnished house or an unfurnished one
M:Furnished.But we have our own sheets and towels.
W:Very well.How long do you want the house All summer
M:No,not all summer.Just for six weeks.
W:I’m afraid I can only rent it for two months.
M:My vacation is only for six weeks,but I think my brother and his family would take it for another two weeks.
W:That’s good.
M:Is the house in good condition
W:Yes,it is.It was just painted and it has all the modern conveniences,including the air conditioner.Are you going to take it
M:Not so fast.I haven’t seen it yet and I have no idea how much it costs.
(Text 9)
W:Hey,Peter,you’re late.What’s up
M:I’m preparing for my German exam tomorrow.I need to get a “B” to pass the course.Right now my average is 64.
W:Really What are you going to do
M:I don’t know.I should have never taken this course.I didn’t think it would be this hard.It is taking up all my time!
W:Why did you choose German I heard Spanish is much easier.Anyway,did you study Spanish in high school
M:Yah,I studied Spanish for three years in high school...and I hated it.I didn’t learn anything.
W:Yeah,well,I know learning a second language can be difficult.I’m not good at learning languages either.I’ve been studying Chinese since my freshman year here but I still can’t speak Chinese anyway.And those characters are impossible to write!How do Chinese people learn all those characters anyway
M:I have no idea.Some people are just good at learning languages.Unfortunately I’m not.
(Text 10)
M:Good afternoon,everyone.My name is Richard Parry and I’m the school director.I do hope you’ve all had a good journey,although I’m sure you must be feeling rather tired.No doubt you are looking forward to meeting the families you’re going to be staying with during the next month.Now,please listen carefully to the following arrangements as the various families are waiting in groups to meet you.
If your surname,your family name,begins with the letter A to F,your host family will be waiting for you in this hall.At the end of the meeting,you should wait behind in here.Now,for those of you whose names begin with G to L,you should go downstairs,not upstairs,but downstairs to the dining room.When you get there,make sure you go to the far end of the room by the drink machine.That’s important as people whose names begin with letters from M to R should also go downstairs and wait at the opposite end of the dining room near the doors into the garden.And the final group—those of you with names from S to Z,must go out of this hall,past the office to the parking area,where the bus stopped when you arrive.All right,go out to where the cars are parked by the main gate and your families will be waiting there.
1~5 BCBAA 6~10 CABCB
11~15 ABCCC 16~20 CCBAC
21.B 细节理解题。从文章的第二段可知,Florence Nightingale在17岁时立志救助病人,但遭到父母的反对。故选B项。
22.B 细节理解题。从文章的第四、五段可知,Florence Nightingale开始只是去病人家里救助病人,直到英俄战争爆发,她才首次有机会去医院工作。故选B项。
23.B 细节理解题。从文章的最后一段可以得知,Florence Nightingale为护理工作的发展做出了重要贡献。故选B项。
24.C 推理判断题。根据第一段可知这位老太太来到了一家疗养院, 根据第三段第一句可知, 作者在为老人介绍她的小房间。由此推出作者是在这家疗养院工作。故选C项。
25.C 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“the old sheets”可知, 这位老太太的小房间布置得并不是很好。故选C项。
26.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 琼斯夫人认为房间的布置并不重要, 她认为快乐是一件提前决定的事情。由此推知, 她之所以快乐是因为她早已决定要快乐。故选D项。
27.B 推理判断题。根据整篇文章的描述可知, 琼斯夫人是一个积极乐观的人。故选B项。
28.C 细节理解题。根据第一段的“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey,Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.”可知,BMF进一步缩短了食物从农场到餐桌的距离。故选C项。
29.B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Also,there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.”可知,这个应用程序提供的是植物生长的实时数据。故选B项。
30.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We are passionate about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our environment”可知,BMF员工热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。由此可推断,他们有很强的环保意识。故选D项。
31.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了BMF可以缩短食品运输距离,利用新技术进行远程监控,通过应用程序提供植物的实时生长数据,采用自动化系统减少水资源消耗,无须运输和化学农药,且BMF的员工有非常环保的生活方式等。A项“BMF的主要优势”概括了文章的主要内容。故选A项。
32.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the Nobel Prize”和“the US-based Lasker Award”可知,作者在文中提到屠呦呦获得了两个奖项。故选B项。
33.D 词义猜测题。根据语境可知,这种药减少了malaria患者的死亡率,据此可以推断malaria是一种疾病。故选D项。
34.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She has urged more research into the benefits of traditional Chinese medicine...”以及最后一段内容可知,应在世界范围内对中医进行研究,开发中医的潜力。故选C项。
35.B 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了屠呦呦所做的贡献以及在演讲中倡导全世界对中医进行研究。故选B项。
36~40 AGDCE
41.D 句意:但是她坚持要我无论如何都要去山顶看些东西。at last“最后”;once more“再一次”;anytime“任何时候”;anyway“无论如何”。故选D项。
42.A 根据上文“...I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house.”可知,作者是不情愿去的。unwillingly “不情愿地”;disappointedly“失望地”;fearlessly“毫无畏惧地”;excitedly“激动地”。故选A项。
43.A 根据上文“I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house.”可推知,此处指作者习惯开车过去。故选A项。
44.C 根据下文“I thought you said three minutes.”可知,作者觉得她们走了超过三分钟了,焦虑地看着女儿。innocently“纯洁地”;respectfully“尊敬地”;anxiously“焦虑地”;gratefully“感激地”。故选C项。
45.D 根据下文女儿的回答“This is a detour.”可知,对于作者的不安,女儿只是微笑回答。故选D项。
46.C 根据上文“From the top of the mountain,sloping for several acres across folds and valleys...”可知,这些水仙花像河流一样从山顶往下延伸几英亩。故选C项。
47.C 根据下文“gold down the mountainside”可知,此处指看起来像太阳把黄金洒向了山腰。故选C项。
48.D 根据下文“...western bluebirds played over the heads of the daffodils joyfully.”可知,有珊瑚色的郁金香还不够,还有蓝知更鸟在嬉戏。故选D项。
49.D 根据下文“the home that stood in the centre of the property”可知,作者他们走近了房子。recognise“辨别出”;abandon“抛弃”;discover“发现”;approach“靠近”。故选D项。
50.A 根据下文可知,这是一个写着字的标志牌。故选A项。
51.A 句意:我知道你很好奇这些问题的答案。curious“好奇的”;enthusiastic“热情的”;doubtful“怀疑的”;hopeful“有希望的”。故选A项。
52.B 根据下文“probably just the beginning of an idea”可知,这个女人凭借两只手,两只脚,一点点头脑创造了这幅景象。故选B项。
53.A 句意:她大约40年前就开始了,可能只是一个想法的开始,但她坚持不懈。根据上文“She started almost 40 years ago...”可知,这个女人坚持了这个想法40年。故选A项。
54.C 句意:它的奇妙之处让我无法释怀。let sb go意为“放弃,摒弃(想法、态度或控制)”。故选C项。
55.D 句意:如果我有一个想法,并为之努力,每天努力一点,可能会取得什么成就呢 根据语境可知,此处是作者的想象和感慨。miss“想念;失去”;cause“造成”;advance“前进”;achieve “实现;取得”。故选D项。
56.traditional 57.to 58.to dance 59.confidence 60.paid 61.who 62.what
63.involved 64.is made 65.possibly
写作
第一节
There has been a heated discussion about whether cloning technique should be developed.
Some who are in favour of its development hold the belief that it will be bound to benefit humans.One of the advantages of cloning is that large quantities of commercial food can be produced to meet people’s needs.What’s more,we can also clone human body organs for medical use.
However,others strongly object to it,because they feel that it could raise a storm of moral questions.
In my opinion,cloning will pay off as long as all undertake to use it properly.
第二节
Only a few kids showed up on the first day.However,by the end of the year,30 or more children attended the programme each Monday night for one hour.Claudia oversaw all the activities,which included arts,board games,and tutoring for the kids.Claudia met a nine-year-old child who never hugged people back.One day,Claudia wrote him a get-well letter because he had been sick for two weeks.When he returned,he handed Claudia a cake with a rose on top,which almost made Claudia cry.
When Claudia graduated from high school,another girl from the service club took over the programme,and it’s still running.“Everything is a cycle,” Claudia says.“The adults in the training programme cared for me and had hopes for me as a teenager.They believed I could do something.I tried to carry this to my community.I helped the kids.When these children grow up,they will have a sense of caring for others,because they have been cared for.I hope they will pass it on.”
25
