Unit 2 Natural Disasters单元检测卷-2025-2026学年译林版高中英语必修第三册
答案及详细解析
第一部分单词练习（共20小题；1-10题每题1.5分，11-20题每题1.5分，满分30分）
第一节单句语法填空
1.were destroyed 2.that 3.had been searching 4.Trapped 5.where
6.(should)master 7.can/will 8.has been issued 9.(to)carry 10.when/whether/if
第二节单词拼写
11.forecast 12.homeless 13.professional 14.solid/strong 15.fought
16.shortage 17.gratitude 18.respond/react 19.aid 20.traffic
第二部分阅读（共20小题；21-35题每题2.5分，36-40题每题2.5分，满分50分）
第一节阅读理解
21.B 22.D 23.A 24. 25.B 26.A 27.C 28.C 29.C 30.B
31.A 32.B 33.B 34.A 35.C
第二节七选五
36.E 37.C 38.B 39.A 40.F
第三部分语言运用（共25小题；41-55题每题1分，56-65题每题1.5分，满分30分）
第一节完形填空
41.B 42.A 43.A 44.B 45.A 46.A 47.C 48.B 49.B 50.C
51.D 52.A 53.B 54.A 55.D
第二节语篇语法填空
56.whose 57.covers 58.including 59.are invited 60.calmly
61.are 62.telling 63.Learning 64.helps 65.from
第四部分写作（共2节；第一节15分，第二节25分，满分40分）
第一节应用文写作（参考范文）
Dear schoolmates,
Our school will hold a"Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,Start with Me"publicity week.It aims to raise our awareness of disaster prevention and help us master basic self-rescue skills.
During the week,we can watch disaster prevention videos,take part in emergency drills and learn first-aid knowledge.These activities are practical and useful.
Let’s take action from ourselves,attach importance to disaster prevention and mitigation,and guard our campus safety together!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节读后续写（参考范文）
Paragraph 1:
We looked carefully around the small house and found a few useful things in a corner.There was a flashlight with some batteries,a bottle of mineral water and a pack of biscuits.Tom quickly put the batteries into the flashlight and turned it on,which made the dark house brighter.We shared the water and biscuits to regain our strength.We also checked the windows and doors to make sure they were tightly closed to keep out the strong wind and rain.We talked about our hiking plan and encouraged each other to stay calm.
Paragraph 2:
When the rainstorm stopped and the sky turned clear again,we were so excited.We packed up the things and went out of the wooden house.The mountain looked fresh after the rain,but some paths were blocked by fallen branches.We helped each other to climb over the obstacles carefully.On the way down,we met some other hikers who were lost,and we guided them to the foot of the mountain.This experience taught us that it’s important to stay calm and help each other when facing natural disasters.
详细解析部分
第一部分单词练习
第一节单句语法填空（1-10题，每题1.5分）
1.答案：were destroyed
解析：时间状语last week标志一般过去时，主语A great many houses与destroy为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态（were+过去分词）。
2.答案：that
解析：固定句型The reason why...is that...，that引导表语从句，无实际意义且不可省略。
3.答案：had been searching
解析：for 12 hours结合when they found，表“找到幸存者之前持续搜索12小时”，用过去完成进行时（had been+现在分词），强调动作的持续性。
4.答案：Trapped
解析：过去分词作状语，be trapped in为固定搭配（被困于），省略be动词，句首首字母大写。
5.答案：where
解析：定语从句先行词the mountain area表地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where。
6.答案：(should)master
解析：It is vital that...句型中，从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”，should可省略。
7.答案：can/will
解析：Only+状语从句置于句首，主句部分倒装，结合语境表“能够/将会减少损失”，用情态动词can或助动词will。
8.答案：has been issued
解析：时间状语already标志现在完成时，主语The typhoon warning与issue为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态（has been+过去分词）。
9.答案：(to)carry
解析：固定搭配volunteer to do sth.（自愿做某事），to可省略，故填(to)carry。
10.答案：when/whether/if
解析：宾语从句中，表“大雨何时停”用when，表“大雨是否会停”用whether/if，均符合语境。
第二节单词拼写（11-20题，每题1.5分）
11.答案：forecast
解析：weather forecast为固定搭配（天气预报），符合首字母f及“预报”含义。
12.答案：homeless
解析：形容词作表语，homeless意为“无家可归的”，符合语境。
13.答案：professional
解析：形容词作定语修饰rescue teams，professional意为“专业的”，符合首字母p。
14.答案：solid/strong
解析：形容词作定语修饰buildings，“坚固的”可译为solid或strong，均符合要求。
15.答案：fought
解析：fight the fire为固定搭配（灭火），结合语境用一般过去时，fight的过去式为fought。
16.答案：shortage
解析：名词作宾语，a shortage of为固定搭配（短缺），符合首字母s。
17.答案：gratitude
解析：名词作宾语，express gratitude to sb.为固定搭配（向某人表达感激）。
18.答案：respond/react
解析：固定搭配respond/react to（应对），to为介词，结合how to后接动词原形，故填respond或react。
19.答案：aid
解析：名词作宾语，emergency aid为固定搭配（紧急援助），符合首字母a。
20.答案：traffic
解析：traffic problems为固定搭配（交通问题），符合首字母t及“交通”含义。
第二部分阅读（共20小题，每题2.5分，满分50分）
第一节阅读理解（21-35题）
A篇（应用文·校园防灾减灾倡议书）
语篇解读：本文为校园防灾减灾倡议书，围绕“学习防灾技能，共建安全校园”主题，结合近年极端天气频发的热点，从学习自救知识、参与应急演练、保持应急通道畅通三方面发出倡议，语言简洁，号召性强，旨在提升师生防灾意识与应急能力。
21.答案：B
段落定位：全文（最后一段Let’s take action from now on,learn disaster prevention skills together,and build a safe and warm campus for ourselves!（让我们从现在行动起来，共同学习防灾技能，为自己打造一个安全温暖的校园！））
解析：主旨大意题，文章核心目的是号召师生学习防灾减灾和自救技能；A（介绍自然灾害类型）、C（解释极端天气成因）、D（宣布校园安全会议时间）均非核心目的。
22.答案：D
段落定位：倡议分三点，分别对应A（从校园官方渠道学自救知识）、B（参与下周五防灾演练）、C（保持应急通道畅通）。
解析：细节理解题，D（向灾区捐赠救援物资）未在倡议中提及，故选D。
23.答案：A
段落定位：第一段With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather such as heavy rains,typhoons and thunderstorms in recent years（近年来，暴雨、台风、雷暴等极端天气频发）
解析：推理判断题，A与原文一致；B（校园防灾仅是学校的责任）与第一段“disaster prevention is everyone’s responsibility”矛盾；C（宿舍无应急通道）与第三点“keep the emergency passages in classrooms and dormitories clear”矛盾；D（演练仅练习地震逃生）与第二段“cover escape route simulation and first-aid skill practice”矛盾。
B篇（记叙文·少年洪水中救援故事）
语篇解读：本文讲述16岁少年李阳在洪水灾害中，不顾危险救援腿部受伤、被困家中的王奶奶的故事，体现了“灾难面前互帮互助、团结协作”的主题，情节生动，传递正能量，贴合单元“自然灾害应对”核心。
24.答案：B
段落定位：第二段She had a leg injury and couldn’t walk,and no one noticed she was left behind（她腿部受伤无法行走，在匆忙撤离中没人注意到她被落下了）
解析：细节理解题，王奶奶被困的原因是腿部受伤无法行走，A、C、D均无原文依据。
25.答案：B
段落定位：第三段He held a thick wooden stick to keep his balance（他握着一根粗木棍保持平衡）
解析：细节理解题，李阳用粗木棍保持平衡，A（路边大树）是他被冲走时抓住的物体，非保持平衡的工具。
26.答案：A
段落定位：第二段Most villagers moved to the high ground in the north with the help of the village committee,but Grandma Wang...was left behind in the hurry of evacuation（大多数村民在村委会帮助下转移到北边高地，但王奶奶在匆忙撤离中被落下）
解析：词义猜测题，evacuation结合语境指“灾难中转移到安全地方的行为”，A符合；B（灾后清理受损房屋）、C（为灾民提供救援物资）、D（修复灾区破损道路）均不符。
27.答案：C
段落定位：最后一段Li Yang said,"In the face of disasters,we should help each other.Unity is the most powerful force to overcome difficulties."（李阳说：“面对灾难，我们应该互相帮助。团结是克服困难最强大的力量。”）
解析：推理判断题，故事传递“互帮互助、团结协作是战胜灾害的关键”，A（青少年在灾害中无能为力）、B（无专业训练救援他人很危险）、D（只有年轻力壮的人能参与救援）均与文意相悖。
C篇（说明文·AI在防灾减灾中的应用）
语篇解读：本文围绕“AI助力防灾减灾”主题，结合科技热点，介绍AI在灾害预测（分析数据、精准预警）和灾后救援（无人机搜救、物资调配）中的优势，同时指出其依赖精准数据、无法替代人类现场救援的局限性，最后展望AI与人类协作的未来，逻辑清晰。
28.答案：C
解析：主旨大意题，文章核心围绕AI在防灾减灾中的应用场景及局限性展开；A（全球自然灾害频发的原因）、B（中国AI技术发展历史）、D（AI与传统灾害预测方法的差异）均为局部内容。
29.答案：C
段落定位：第四段it can’t replace human beings in actual on-site rescue（它无法在实际现场救援中替代人类）
解析：细节理解题，C（替代人类所有现场救援工作）与原文矛盾，并非AI的功能；A、B、D均在第二、三段提及，是AI的核心功能。
30.答案：B
段落定位：第三段AI-powered drones can fly over the disaster-stricken areas to collect real-time images,which can quickly find survivors in the ruins and damaged buildings（AI无人机可飞越灾区收集实时图像，快速找到废墟和受损建筑中的幸存者）
解析：细节理解题，无人机用于灾后救援的核心作用是收集图像、快速找幸存者，A、C、D均非其功能。
31.答案：A
解析：最佳标题题，全文围绕AI在防灾减灾中的作用展开，A（AI：抗击自然灾害的强大工具）贴合核心；B（如何精准预测自然灾害）、C（灾后救援工作的重要性）、D（全球防灾工作的未来）均偏离主题。
D篇（议论文·气候变化与自然灾害的关系）
语篇解读：本文为议论文，核心观点是“气候变化与自然灾害密切相关”，分析人类活动（燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林等）导致全球变暖，进而加剧台风、洪水、森林火灾等灾害的逻辑，反驳“自然灾害与人类活动无关”的观点，呼吁各国及个人共同行动应对气候变化。
32.答案：B
段落定位：第一段more and more people begin to realize that there is a close and inevitable connection between climate change and natural disasters（越来越多人意识到气候变化与自然灾害之间存在密切且必然的联系）
解析：观点态度题，作者明确认为气候变化与自然灾害频发密切相关，A、C、D均与文意不符。
33.答案：B
段落定位：第二段Climate change is mainly caused by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels,deforestation and industrial production（气候变化主要由燃烧化石燃料、砍伐森林、工业生产等人类活动引起）
解析：细节理解题，气候变化的主要原因是人类活动，A、C、D均非原文提及的核心原因。
34.答案：A
段落定位：第三段The rising temperature of the ocean provides more energy for the formation and development of typhoons and hurricanes,making them more powerful and destructive（海洋温度上升为台风和飓风的形成与发展提供更多能量，使其更强大、更具破坏性）
解析：细节理解题，台风变强大的原因是全球变暖导致的海洋温度上升，B、C、D均非直接原因。
35.答案：C
段落定位：最后一段Countries should work together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions...（各国应共同努力减少温室气体排放……）
解析：推理判断题，C（应对气候变化需要各国共同努力）与原文一致；A（现在自然灾害比过去少）与第一段“sharp increase in the number of natural disasters”矛盾；B（人类对气候变化无能为力）与最后一段“take joint action to address climate change”矛盾；D（全球变暖对地球生态平衡无影响）与第二段“disturbed the earth’s original ecological balance”矛盾。
第二节七选五（36-40题，说明文·家庭自然灾害应急准备）
语篇解读：本文为说明文，围绕“家庭如何做好自然灾害应急准备”展开，从制定逃生计划、准备应急包、留存急救联系方式、学习急救技能四方面给出实用建议，考点涵盖逻辑衔接、细节匹配，贴合生活实际。
36.答案：E
解析：逻辑衔接题，前文强调“家庭应急准备很重要”，E（事实上，灾害中的大多数损失都是因准备不足造成的）解释重要性，衔接后文“应急计划的作用”，逻辑通顺。
37.答案：C
解析：细节匹配题，前文讲“制定详细逃生计划，标记逃生路线”，C（应避免选择转弯过多的逃生路线）是对逃生路线的补充建议，符合语境。
38.答案：B
解析：细节匹配题，前文讲“准备便携应急包”，后文“also include”列举其他物品，B（应急包应包含瓶装水和不易变质的食物）是应急包的核心物品，衔接自然。
39.答案：A
解析：细节匹配题，前文讲“留存急救联系方式”，A（把它放在车里或家门口附近）说明联系方式的存放位置，方便快速获取，符合语境。
40.答案：F
解析：细节匹配题，前文讲“学习基本急救技能”，F（你可以通过社区课程或在线视频学习这些技能）说明学习渠道，衔接合理。
第三部分语言运用（共25小题，满分30分）
第一节完形填空（41-55题，每题1分，记叙文·志愿者地震救援故事）
语篇解读：本文讲述“我”作为志愿者参与地震救援的经历，通过救援小女孩、被困老人等情节，展现灾难中人类的团结、勇敢与善良，突出“爱与团结是战胜灾害的强大武器”的主题，情感真挚，贴合单元核心。
41.答案：B（at once）
其他选项翻译：A.at times（有时）；C.at last（最终）；D.at most（至多）
解析：地震后灾区人民急需帮助，“我”立刻决定前往，at once（立刻）符合语境。
42.答案：A（carefully）
其他选项翻译：B.carelessly（粗心地）；C.happily（开心地）；D.easily（容易地）
解析：搜救幸存者需要谨慎，carefully（仔细地）符合救援场景。
43.答案：A（until）
其他选项翻译：B.unless（除非）；C.if（如果）；D.since（自从）
解析：“我和其他救援人员搬石头，直到救出女孩”，until（直到）表动作持续到目标达成。
44.答案：B（meaningful）
其他选项翻译：A.useless（无用的）；C.boring（无聊的）；D.dangerous（危险的）
解析：女孩的微笑让“我”意识到救援工作的意义，meaningful（有意义的）符合语境。
45.答案：A（so）
其他选项翻译：B.too（太，后接形容词+to do）；C.very（非常，无“如此……以至于”结构）；D.such（如此，后接名词短语）
解析：固定句型so...that...（如此……以至于……），表“太累以至于想放弃”。
46.答案：A（In total）
其他选项翻译：B.In fact（事实上）；C.In addition（此外）；D.In return（作为回报）
解析：“三天总共救出30多人”，In total（总共）总结救援成果，符合语境。
47.答案：C（endless）
其他选项翻译：A.small（小的）；B.weak（弱的）；D.limited（有限的）
解析：“人类在灾害面前渺小，但团结的力量无穷”，endless（无穷的）突出团结的力量。
48.答案：B（before）
其他选项翻译：A.after（在……之后）；C.when（当……时）；D.while（当……时，后接延续性动词）
解析：“挖了四个小时才到达老人身边”，before（在……之前）表动作发生的先后顺序。
49.答案：B（priceless）
其他选项翻译：A.worthless（无价值的）；C.useless（无用的）；D.meaningless（无意义的）
解析：老人的感谢让“我”觉得所有辛苦都很值得，priceless（极有价值的）符合情感。
50.答案：C（inspired）
其他选项翻译：A.discouraged（使气馁）；B.disappointed（使失望）；D.confused（使困惑）
解析：灾民虽失去家园但不放弃希望，他们的乐观鼓舞了“我”，inspired（鼓舞）符合语境。
51.答案：D（stand up）
其他选项翻译：A.break down（出故障；崩溃）；B.calm down（冷静下来）；C.grow up（长大）
解析：“在所有人的共同努力下，小镇很快会重建起来”，stand up（振作起来；重建）贴合灾后恢复语境。
52.答案：A（memory）
其他选项翻译：B.mistake（错误）；C.problem（问题）；D.trouble（麻烦）
解析：“这段经历成为我生命中珍贵的回忆”，memory（回忆）符合语境。
53.答案：B（helpful）
其他选项翻译：A.selfish（自私的）；C.rude（粗鲁的）；D.lazy（懒惰的）
解析：经历让“我”更善良、乐于助人，helpful（乐于助人的）符合主题。
54.答案：A（overcome）
其他选项翻译：B.create（创造）；C.avoid（避免）；D.ignore（忽视）
解析：“只要团结互助，就能克服任何困难”，overcome（克服）符合语境。
55.答案：D（guide）
其他选项翻译：A.carry（携带）；B.take（带走）；C.bring（带来）
解析：“爱与团结会指引我们度过黑暗时光”，guide（指引）贴合情感与主题。
第二节语篇语法填空（56-65题，每题1.5分，说明文·校园防灾减灾角）
语篇解读：本文介绍学校新建的防灾减灾角，包括其位置、设施、教学活动及学生职责，旨在让学生学习防灾知识、提升自救能力，贴合校园场景与单元主题，考点涵盖定语从句、时态、非谓语动词等核心语法。
56.答案：whose
解析：定语从句，先行词a disaster prevention and mitigation corner与aim为所属关系，用whose表“它的”。
57.答案：covers
解析：描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语it为单数，cover an area of（占地面积为）为固定搭配，故填covers。
58.答案：including
解析：介词including（包括）后接名词短语，表“防灾角包含的设施”。
59.答案：are invited
解析：主语Teachers与invite为被动关系，结合every week用一般现在时的被动语态（are+过去分词）。
60.答案：calmly
解析：副词修饰动词respond，calm的副词形式为calmly（冷静地）。
61.答案：are
解析：make sure后接宾语从句，主语they指代facilities，为复数，结合语境用一般现在时，故填are。
62.答案：telling
解析：现在分词作后置定语，修饰posters，表“宣传防灾重要性的海报”，主动关系。
63.答案：Learning
解析：动名词作主语，表“在防灾角学习”这件事，句首首字母大写。
64.答案：helps
解析：一般现在时，主语every small action为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数helps（帮助）。
65.答案：from
解析：固定搭配stay away from（远离），表“远离自然灾害”。
第四部分写作（共2节，满分40分）
第一节应用文写作（15分，倡议书·防灾减灾主题宣传周）
解题思路步骤
1.审题定体：文体为英文倡议书，身份是李华，对象为全校同学，词数80-100词，语气诚恳、有号召性，核心围绕“防灾减灾，从我做起”主题。
2.要点拆解：必须包含3个核心要点，缺一不可：
活动目的：增强防灾减灾意识，掌握基本自救技能；
活动内容：观看防灾视频、参与应急演练、学习急救知识；
发出呼吁：从自身做起，重视防灾减灾，守护校园安全。
3.结构搭建（三段式，简洁凝练）：
开头（1句）：开门见山，点明活动主题+目的，用简单句引出；
中间（1句）：用并列结构介绍3项活动内容，避免冗余；
结尾（1句）：发出呼吁，升华主题，用祈使句增强号召力。
4.语言技巧：
多用单元核心词汇：disaster prevention and mitigation（防灾减灾）、self-rescue skills（自救技能）、emergency drills（应急演练）等；
句式以简单句、并列句为主，避免复杂从句，控制词数；
格式正确：开头称呼，结尾落款（Yours,Li Hua）。
评分要点
内容完整（含3个核心要点）：5分；
结构清晰、逻辑连贯：3分；
词汇准确、贴合主题：3分；
语法正确、句式恰当：3分；
格式正确、词数达标（80-100词）：1分。
第二节读后续写（25分，记叙文·暴雨山中避险）
解题思路步骤
1.审题定调：续写两段，每段开头已给出，词数总计150左右，文体为记叙文，紧扣“自然灾害应对”主题，情节需合理衔接原文（暴雨被困山间木屋，无信号、无物资），情感积极，突出“冷静应对、互帮互助”。
2.情节构思（两段各有侧重）：
Paragraph 1（开头：We looked carefully around the small house and found a few useful things in a corner）：核心写“利用找到的物品应对困境”，可添加细节：找到的物品（手电筒、水、饼干）、如何利用（点亮手电筒、分享物资、加固门窗）、心理状态（互相鼓励、保持冷静），体现“积极应对灾害”。
Paragraph 2（开头：When the rainstorm stopped and the sky turned clear again,we were so excited）：核心写“暴雨结束后的行动与感悟”，可添加细节：清理障碍下山、帮助其他迷路徒步者、此次经历的收获（冷静与互助的重要性），升华主题。
3.语言技巧：
时态：以一般过去时为主，延续原文时态；
细节：添加1-2个动作细节（如put the batteries into the flashlight、climb over the obstacles），让情节更生动；
衔接：用简单衔接词（quickly、also、but）串联情节，提升流畅度；
词汇：贴合单元主题（rainstorm、emergency、help each other等）。
评分要点
情节衔接自然、符合逻辑，紧扣“自然灾害应对”主题：8分；
两段内容各有侧重，无重复、无突兀：6分；
细节丰富、情感真挚，体现人物性格：4分；
词汇准确、语法正确、句式多样：4分；
词数达标（150左右）、书写规范：3分。Unit 2 Natural Disasters单元检测卷-2025-2026学年译林版高中英语必修第三册
（试卷满分：150分考试时间：120分钟）
第一部分单词练习（共两节，满分30分）
第一节单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
考察重点：定语从句、非谓语动词、时态语态、名词性从句、倒装句、情态动词
1.A great many houses______(destroy)in the flash flood that struck the village last week.
2.The reason why we need disaster drills is______they can help us stay calm in emergencies.
3.The rescue workers______(search)the ruins for survivors for 12 hours when they found a little boy.
4.______(trap)in a snowstorm,you should try to keep warm and call for help immediately.
5.This is the mountain area______a serious landslide happened after the heavy rain last month.
6.It is vital that we______(master)some basic self-rescue skills for natural disasters.
7.Only when the whole society works together______we reduce the loss of natural disasters.
8.The typhoon warning______(issue)already,so all ships have returned to the harbor.
9.Many people volunteered to help______(carry)relief supplies to the disaster-stricken area.
10.We don’t know______the heavy rain will stop,which worries the local farmers a lot.
第二节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
根据首字母及中文提示写出单词（注意形式变化）
11.We should pay close attention to the weather f______（预报）to avoid extreme weather risks.
12.Hundreds of people became h______（无家可归的）after the earthquake hit the coastal city.
13.The government sent a lot of p______（专业的）rescue teams to the disaster area at once.
14.It’s necessary to build s______（坚固的）buildings in areas prone to natural disasters.
15.The firemen f______（扑灭）the forest fire after working continuously for three days and nights.
16.The flood caused a serious s______（短缺）of fresh water in the affected villages.
17.Local people expressed their g______（感激）to the volunteers for their selfless help.
18.We must learn how to r______（应对）to different kinds of natural disasters calmly.
19.Many countries provided emergency a______（援助）for the tsunami-hit areas.
20.The heavy snow caused terrible t______（交通）problems in the northern part of the country.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Call for Action:Learn Disaster Prevention Skills,Build a Safe Campus!
With the frequent occurrence of extreme weather such as heavy rains,typhoons and thunderstorms in recent years,disaster prevention has become an important part of campus safety.To raise all students’ awareness of disaster prevention and improve our emergency response ability,we hereby launch this initiative to all teachers and students of the school.
First,we should learn basic self-rescue knowledge through official courses and campus videos,including how to escape from earthquakes,fires and stampedes.We must refuse to believe in unprofessional rescue information on the Internet to avoid wrong operations.
Second,everyone should take an active part in the campus disaster prevention drill to be held next Friday.The drill will cover escape route simulation and first-aid skill practice,which can help us master the correct methods in real emergencies.
Third,we should keep the emergency passages in classrooms and dormitories clear.Do not pile up books,bicycles or other sundries at will,as this will block the escape way in critical moments.
Disaster prevention is everyone’s responsibility.A little professional knowledge can save lives in danger.Let’s take action from now on,learn disaster prevention skills together,and build a safe and warm campus for ourselves!
21.What is the main purpose of this passage
A.To introduce different types of natural disasters
B.To call on teachers and students to learn disaster prevention skills
C.To explain the causes of recent extreme weather
D.To announce the time of the campus safety meeting
22.Which of the following is NOT required in the initiative
A.Learning self-rescue knowledge from official campus resources
B.Taking part in the campus disaster prevention drill next Friday
C.Keeping the emergency passages clear at all times
D.Donating relief supplies to disaster-stricken areas
23.What can we infer from the passage
A.Extreme weather has occurred more often in recent years
B.Campus disaster prevention is only the school’s responsibility
C.There are no emergency passages in the school’s dormitories
D.The drill will only practice earthquake escape skills
B
16-year-old Li Yang lives in a small village by the Qingjiang River.The village has always been peaceful,with villagers living on fishing and farming.But last summer,the village was hit by an unexpected heavy rain that lasted for three consecutive days,breaking the peace completely.
The rain caused the river to rise rapidly,and the flood soon covered the low-lying houses in the south of the village.Most villagers moved to the high ground in the north with the help of the village committee,but Grandma Wang,who lives alone in the south,was trapped.She had a leg injury and couldn’t walk,and no one noticed she was left behind in the hurry of evacuation.
When Li Yang heard the news from his parents,he didn’t hesitate to go to rescue her.The flood water was already up to his waist,and the current was strong.He held a thick wooden stick to keep his balance and walked slowly towards Grandma Wang’s house.On the way,a sudden current almost swept him away,but he held onto a big old tree by the road and kept going.
When he finally reached the house,Grandma Wang was lying on the bed,scared and unable to move.Li Yang gently carried her on his back and walked step by step back to the high ground.The journey was even harder,and he was so tired that he almost fell down several times,but he never stopped.
When they arrived at the temporary shelter,all the villagers praised Li Yang for his bravery.Grandma Wang held his hand and cried,thanking him for saving her life.Later,the local government awarded Li Yang the title of"Teenage Hero".He said,"In the face of disasters,we should help each other.Unity is the most powerful force to overcome difficulties."
24.Why was Grandma Wang trapped in her house during the flood
A.She didn’t hear the evacuation notice at all
B.She had a leg injury and couldn’t walk by herself
C.She refused to leave her house and fishing tools
D.She was looking for her lost granddaughter in the house
25.What did Li Yang use to keep his balance in the flood
A.A big old tree by the road B.A thick wooden stick
C.A small rescue boat D.A rope from Grandma Wang’s house
26.What does the underlined word"evacuation"in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A.The act of moving to a safe place during a disaster
B.The act of cleaning up the damaged houses after a disaster
C.The act of providing relief supplies to disaster victims
D.The act of repairing the broken roads in the disaster area
27.What can we learn from Li Yang’s story
A.Teenagers are too young to do anything in natural disasters
B.It’s dangerous to rescue others without professional training
C.Mutual help and unity are key to overcoming natural disasters
D.Only the young and strong can take part in disaster rescue
C
In recent years,natural disasters have occurred more frequently around the world,bringing huge losses to human life and property.With the rapid development of science and technology,artificial intelligence(AI)has gradually become a powerful tool in disaster prevention and mitigation,and is playing an increasingly important role in modern emergency work.
AI has an obvious advantage in disaster prediction.It can analyze a huge amount of data in a very short time,including real-time weather data,geological monitoring data and satellite remote sensing images.Unlike traditional prediction methods,AI can find potential disaster signals from complex data,such as predicting the path and intensity of typhoons more accurately,and giving early warnings of landslides and mudslides after heavy rains.
In the post-disaster rescue stage,AI can also provide effective help for rescue workers.AI-powered drones can fly over the disaster-stricken areas to collect real-time images,which can quickly find survivors in the ruins and damaged buildings.In addition,AI can analyze the number of disaster victims and their actual needs,and help the government allocate relief supplies such as water,food and medicine reasonably.
However,AI is not a perfect solution for disaster prevention and mitigation.It needs a lot of accurate and real-time data to make correct judgments,and it can’t replace human beings in actual on-site rescue.The courage,wisdom and practical experience of rescue workers are still irreplaceable in the face of complex disaster situations.
With the continuous innovation of AI technology,it is believed that AI will be more widely used in disaster prevention and mitigation in the future.By combining AI’s technical advantages with human’s practical ability,we can build a more solid defense line against natural disasters,and reduce the losses caused by disasters to the greatest extent.
28.What is the main idea of this passage
A.The causes of the frequent occurrence of natural disasters worldwide
B.The development history of artificial intelligence technology in China
C.The application and limitations of AI in disaster prevention and mitigation
D.The differences between AI and traditional disaster prediction methods
29.Which of the following is NOT a function of AI in disaster prevention and mitigation
A.Analyzing a large amount of disaster-related data quickly
B.Predicting the path and intensity of typhoons accurately
C.Replacing human rescue workers in all on-site rescue work
D.Helping to allocate relief supplies reasonably after disasters
30.Why are AI-powered drones used in post-disaster rescue
A.They can carry a large number of relief supplies to victims
B.They can collect real-time images and find survivors quickly
C.They can repair the damaged communication system in disaster areas
D.They can provide professional medical treatment for the injured
31.What is the best title for this passage
A.AI:A Powerful Tool in Fighting Natural Disasters
B.How to Predict Natural Disasters Accurately
C.The Importance of Post-disaster Rescue Work
D.The Future of Global Disaster Prevention Work
D
In the past few decades,the world has witnessed a sharp increase in the number of natural disasters,such as extreme heatwaves in Europe,severe floods in Asia and huge wildfires in Australia.These disasters have caused great losses to human society,and more and more people begin to realize that there is a close and inevitable connection between climate change and natural disasters.
Climate change is mainly caused by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels,deforestation and industrial production.These activities lead to a large number of greenhouse gas emissions,which in turn cause global warming.Global warming has disturbed the earth’s original ecological balance and broken the stability of the global weather system,making extreme weather more frequent and intense.
The impact of global warming on natural disasters is obvious.The rising temperature of the ocean provides more energy for the formation and development of typhoons and hurricanes,making them more powerful and destructive.The melting of polar glaciers and the rising of sea levels have increased the risk of coastal floods and storm surges,threatening the safety of hundreds of millions of people living in coastal areas.In addition,global warming has also caused serious droughts in some areas,leading to frequent forest fires.
Some people argue that natural disasters are natural phenomena that have existed since the birth of the earth,and have nothing to do with human activities.But this view is one-sided and unscientific.Although natural disasters are inevitable,the frequency and intensity of modern natural disasters are far beyond the natural level.A large number of scientific research data have proved that human activities are the main cause of the frequent occurrence of extreme weather in recent years.
Facing the serious situation,human beings must take joint action to address climate change and reduce the occurrence of natural disasters.Countries should work together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,develop renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy,and slow down the pace of global warming.Each of us should also change our lifestyles,choose low-carbon travel,save energy and reduce waste,and contribute our own strength to protecting the earth.After all,the earth is our only home,and we have no other choice.
32.What is the author’s attitude towards the connection between climate change and natural disasters
A.They are completely unrelated natural phenomena
B.Climate change is closely related to the frequent occurrence of natural disasters
C.Natural disasters are the main cause of global climate change
D.The connection between them is not clear yet
33.What is the main cause of climate change according to the passage
A.The natural evolution of the earth over millions of years
B.Human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation
C.The increase of the world’s population and urban expansion
D.The change of the earth’s orbit and solar activity
34.Why do typhoons become more powerful and destructive now
A.Because the ocean temperature is rising due to global warming
B.Because the number of polar glaciers is decreasing rapidly
C.Because the sea level is rising and covering more coastal areas
D.Because the air pollution is becoming more serious worldwide
35.What can we infer from the passage
A.Natural disasters are less frequent now than in the past
B.Human beings can do nothing to address climate change
C.Joint efforts of all countries are needed to fight climate change
D.Global warming has no impact on the earth’s ecological balance
第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Natural disasters can happen suddenly and unexpectedly,so it’s very important for every family to make full emergency preparations.36.______A perfect family emergency plan can help us reduce panic and losses when disasters come.Here are some practical suggestions for you.
First,make a detailed emergency escape plan for your family.You should draw a floor plan of your house and clearly mark all escape routes and the nearest safe gathering places.37.______Everyone in the family,including children and the elderly,should remember the plan and practice it regularly.
Second,prepare a portable family emergency kit and put it in an easy-to-reach place.38.______It should also include a first-aid kit,a whistle for calling for help,a mobile phone with a power bank and some necessary medicines.Remember to check and update the kit every three months.
Third,keep the emergency contact information handy.Write down the phone numbers of the fire department,police station,hospital and local emergency center on a piece of paper.39.______You can also save the information in all family members’ mobile phones for quick access.
Fourth,learn some basic first-aid skills together as a family.Skills such as bandaging,cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)and fire fighting can save lives in critical moments.40.______
Small preparations can make a big difference in disasters.Let’s take action now to build a safe shield for our family!
A.Put it in your car or near the front door of your house
B.The kit should include bottled water and non-perishable food
C.And you should avoid choosing escape routes with too many turns
D.Don’t forget to teach children how to use the first-aid kit correctly
E.In fact,most losses in disasters are caused by lack of preparation
F.You can learn these skills through community courses or online videos
G.It’s not necessary to prepare emergency supplies if you live in a safe area
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完型填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When the earthquake hit the small town in the early morning,I was working in the city office.I got the news from the TV and immediately decided to go to the disaster area as a volunteer.I knew that the people there needed help 41.______.
When I arrived,the town was in a mess.Many houses fell down,and the streets were covered with ruins.The air was filled with the smell of dust,and I could hear people’s cries for help everywhere.I joined a rescue team at once,and we started to search for survivors in the ruins 42.______.
At first,I was scared and didn’t know what to do.But when I saw a little girl crying for her mother under a broken wall,my fear disappeared.I worked with other rescuers to move the heavy stones 43.______we saved the girl.She was hungry and thirsty,so I gave her the bread and water in my bag.Her smile made me realize that my work was 44.______.
We worked day and night without any rest.Sometimes we had to work in the rain,and sometimes we were 45.______tired that we wanted to give up.But every time we found a survivor,we felt excited and full of energy again.46.______,we saved more than 30 people in three days.
During the rescue work,I saw many touching moments.Strangers helped each other,and everyone tried their best to save lives.I learned that in the face of natural disasters,human beings are small,but the power of unity is 47.______.The disaster brought pain and loss,but it also made people closer to each other.
One evening,we found an old man trapped under a collapsed house.He was weak but conscious.We spent four hours digging through the ruins 48.______we reached him.When we carried him out safely,he held our hands tightly and kept saying“thank you”.That moment made me feel that all the hard work was 49.______.
After the rescue work,I stayed in the town to help rebuild the houses.I met many people who lost their homes,but they didn’t lose hope.They helped each other to clean up the ruins and build new houses.Their optimism 50.______me a lot.
I know that the road to recovery is long,but I believe that with the joint efforts of all people,the town will 51.______soon.This experience made me understand the meaning of volunteer work:to give a hand to those in need,and to make the world a warmer place.
Now,whenever I hear about natural disasters,I will think of the people in that small town.I will always remember the courage of the rescuers and the strength of the survivors.This experience has become a precious 52.______in my life,and it will always encourage me to be kind and 53.______to others.
In the face of disasters,we may feel helpless,but as long as we stand together and help each other,we can 54.______any difficulty.Love and unity are the most powerful weapons against natural disasters,and they will always 55.______us through dark times.
41. A. at times B. at once C. at last D. at most
42. A. carefully B. carelessly C. happily D. easily
43. A. until B. unless C. if D. since
44. A. useless B. meaningful C. boring D. dangerous
45. A. so B. too C. very D. such
46. A. In total B. In fact C. In addition D. In return
47. A. small B. weak C. endless D. limited
48. A. after B. before C. when D. while
49. A. worthless B. priceless C. useless D. meaningless
50. A. discouraged B. disappointed C. inspired D. confused
51. A. break down B. calm down C. grow up D. stand up
52. A. memory B. mistake C. problem D. trouble
53. A. selfish B. helpful C. rude D. lazy
54. A. overcome B. create C. avoid D. ignore
55. A. carry B. take C. bring D. guide
第二节：语篇语法填空(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our school has built a disaster prevention and mitigation corner this term,56.______aim is to let students learn more about disaster prevention knowledge and improve their self-rescue ability.The corner is on the first floor of the teaching building,and it 57.______(cover)an area of about 150 square meters.
There are many kinds of facilities in the corner,58.______(include)earthquake simulation equipment,fire fighting tools and first-aid kits.Teachers 59.______(invite)to give us lessons here every week,teaching us how to use the tools and how to respond to different natural disasters 60.______(calm).
Students take turns to look after the corner.We clean the facilities every day and check them regularly to make sure they 61.______(be)in good condition.We also put up some posters on the wall 62.______(tell)the importance of disaster prevention and some basic self-rescue skills.
63.______(learn)in the disaster prevention corner has become a meaningful activity for us.It not only makes us master practical self-rescue skills,but also makes us realize that disaster prevention is everyone’s responsibility.We have learned that every small action 64.______(help)us stay safe in emergencies.
We hope that more schools can build such disaster prevention corners,so that more students can learn disaster prevention knowledge and protect themselves and others in the face of natural disasters.Let’s work together to build a safe campus and stay away 65.______natural disasters.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
写作要求：
假设你是李华，你校将举办“防灾减灾，从我做起”主题宣传周活动，现向全校同学发出倡议。请你根据以下要点写一篇英文倡议书，词数80-100词。
1.活动目的：增强防灾减灾意识，掌握基本自救技能
2.活动内容：观看防灾视频、参与应急演练、学习急救知识
3.发出呼吁：从自身做起，重视防灾减灾，守护校园安全
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
It was a sunny Saturday morning,and I went to the mountain park with my best friend Tom.We planned to hike to the top of the mountain and have a picnic there.The mountain was covered with green trees and beautiful flowers,and we talked and laughed as we walked,enjoying the beautiful scenery.
When we were halfway to the top,the weather suddenly changed.The sky turned dark in a few minutes,and strong wind began to blow.Leaves and branches fell down from the trees,and we heard thunder rolling in the distance.We realized that a heavy rainstorm was coming,and we needed to find a safe place to hide at once.
We looked around and found a small wooden house by the path.It was a guard house for the park workers,and it seemed to be empty.We ran to the house quickly and pushed the door open.We were lucky that the door was unlocked,so we went in and closed the door tightly.The rain began to pour down soon after,and the wind was so strong that the house shook a little.
We were safe in the house,but we found that the house was very simple.There was only a small table and two chairs in it,and there was no water or food.Our mobile phones had no signal because of the bad weather,so we couldn’t call for help.We sat on the chairs and felt a little worried.We didn’t know how long the storm would last,and we were afraid that the small house couldn’t stand the strong wind.
Tom tried to calm me down and said,"Don’t worry.We are safe here.Let’s think about what we can do to pass the time and wait for the storm to stop."I nodded,and we began to look around the house for something useful.We hoped that the storm would stop soon,and we could go down the mountain safely.
续写要求：
1.词数150左右，续写部分分为两段，每段开头已为你写好
2.紧扣主题“自然灾害应对”，情节合理，衔接自然
3.按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答
Paragraph 1:
We looked carefully around the small house and found a few useful things in a corner.
Paragraph 2:
When the rainstorm stopped and the sky turned clear again,we were so excited.
