山西朔州市怀仁市第一中学高二年级2025-2026学年下学期第一次月考英语试卷（含解析，无听力原文及音频）
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| 名称 | 山西朔州市怀仁市第一中学高二年级2025-2026学年下学期第一次月考英语试卷（含解析，无听力原文及音频） |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-21 00:00:00 | ||
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怀仁一中高二年级 2025~2026 学年下学期第一次月考
英语
(试卷满分：150 分，考试时间：120 分钟)注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用 0.5mm 的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
4. 本卷主要命题范围：外研版选择性必修第二册结束和选择性必修第三册 U1。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
例： How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a museum. B. On a bus. C. At a station.
2. What is the man going to repair next
A. A TV. B. A shower. C. A light.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Old classmates. B. Workmates. C. Coach and athlete.
4. What has the man always wanted to be
A. A receptionist. B. A teacher. C. An artist.
5. Which programme does the man like best
A. News. B. Entertainment. C. Discovery.
试卷第 1 页，共 15 页
第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、7 题。
6. What does the woman intend to drink
A. Orange juice. B. Milk with sugar. C. Coffee with milk.
7. How much should the woman pay C. 100 yuan.
A. 10 yuan. B. 90 yuan.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. How does Mary probably feel about snakes
A. Relaxed. B. Afraid. C. Interested.
9. What has Terry probably been used to
A. Seeing wild animals. B. Paying a lot for rent. C. Travelling long distance to work.
10. Where did Terry work in the last two years
A. In Britain. B. In America. C. In Australia.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What is the man doing
A. Selling a new house. B. Deciding on the room design. C. Viewing an apartment.
12. What is included in the rent price
A. Internet. B. Electricity. C. Parking.
13. Why did the man buy an electric car
A. To live a greener lifestyle. B. To cut his fuel costs. C. To have a better driving experience.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. Why does the woman put an ad in the newspaper
A. To advertise for a new house. B. To put her house up for sale. C. To sell her furniture.
15. What is the ad’s price based on
A. The number of words. B. The length of sentences. C. The size ofthe ad.
16. How is the woman going to pay
试卷第 2 页，共 15 页
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Where can the listeners find the housing office
A. In the entry to the college. B. Outside the bookstore. C. Next to the library.
18. When does the housing office open during holidays
A. On Monday and Thursday mornings.
B. On Tuesday and Thursday mornings.
C. On Monday and Friday mornings.
19. How many library books does the college offer
A. Around 6,000. B. Around 60,000. C. Around 600,000.
20. Which is the best place to have a cheap hot meal
A. The students’ bar. B. The Food Hall. C. The Hungry Cafe.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Military works Author Introduction
The Art of War Sun Tzu(about 544-496 BC) Sun Tzu, a well-known military strategist in ancient China, lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. It was in such a complex and war-torn environment that Sun Tzu, with his rich military experience and deep insights, penned it. It is the oldest military work in the world, covering 13 short chapters that explain how wars work, how to win battles, and how leaders should think.
试卷第 3 页，共 15 页
One famous idea is “to win without fighting”.
On War Carl von Clausewitz(1780-1831) He was a German military thinker. His book says war is a way to force an enemy to do what you want. It also says war is closely linked to politics. It deeply explores the differences between tactics (战术) and strategy, and is of great significance to military professionals and political theorists.
The History of the Peloponnesian War Thucydides(about 460-400 BC) It records the details of the war between the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta and the Athenian Empire. This book is of high historical value, objectively and comprehensively presenting the process and impact of the war, and is an important work for studying ancient Greek history.
The Art of War Niccolò Machiavelli(1469-1527) He was an Italian writer from the Renaissance. His book talks about how to build and train an army, how to arrange soldiers in battle, and how governments should organize defenses. Many ideas were new for his time.
Naval Strategy Alfred Thayer He was an American naval (海
试卷第 4 页，共 15 页
Mahan(1840-1914) 军的) officer. His book was the first to study naval strategy. He argued that a strong navy is key to a country’s power, because controlling the seas helps protect trade and win wars.
1 ．Which book is significant for the research on ancient Greek history
A ．On War. B．Naval Strategy.
C ．The Art of War by Sun Tzu. D ．The History of the Peloponnesian War.
2 ．What do these two books with the same name have in common
A ．They both have 13 chapters. B ．Both authors are experienced generals.
C ．They were written around the same time period. D ．Both books offer a unique understanding of war.
3 ．What is the key point of Mahan’s Naval Strategy
A ．War relies on complex politics. B ．Navies should only protect coastlines.
C ．A strong navy is necessary to a country. D ．Trade is more important than military power.
B
In the 1986 America’s Cup sailing race, a tough competition unfolded between the United States team and the Australian team.
The Australian team had won the race multiple times before. Determined to take back the trophy(奖杯), the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They
even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away. By the time they were just four nautical miles (海里) from the finish line, they were already three nautical miles
ahead of the Australian team. It seemed victory was within their grasp.
However, the wind direction at sea suddenly changed at this critical moment. The US team was now faced with a tough choice: should they adjust (调整) the sail
试卷第 5 页，共 15 页
angle You see, there are two types of wind at sea — gusts and cyclones. If it was a gust, adjusting the sail would be the right move. But ifit was a cyclone, any
adjustment would be useless, as cyclones change direction constantly. Relying on his years of experience, the US team’s old captain decided it was a gust and ordered the crew to adjust the sail.
Sadly, his judgment was wrong. It turned out to be a gust-like cyclone. The US sailboat spun (转动) around in place, wasting valuable time. Meanwhile, the
Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up. In the end, the
Australian team overtook the US team when they were just one nautical mile from the finish line and won the championship.
After the race, most media blamed the old captain for the US loss. But a game theory expert had a different view. He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either. That way, they could have kept their lead.
4 ．Why might the US team take the lead at the start
A ．They had good funds, sailors and a good boat. B ．They practiced sailing every single day.
C ．Australian team made a slow start. D ．The wind helped the US team a lot.
5 ．What can we know about the Australian team
A ．They wanted the US to win. B ．They did not trust their captain.
C．They made no sail adjustment. D．They knew the wind would change again.
6 ．What advice did the expert give
A ．Better later than never. B ．Copy the competitor’s move.
C ．It is never too old to learn and create. D ．Trust the captain.
7 ．What would be the most suitable title for the text
A ．The Unpredictable Sea Winds B ．A Race Lost at the Last Mile
C ．America’s Cup Sailing Race D ．The Role of Experience in Sailing
C
试卷第 6 页，共 15 页
A 14-year study of over 90, 000 adults presented at the European Society of
Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%.
The research, led by cardiovascular (心血管的) scientists from China’s Fuwai Hospital, tracked participants through the UK Biobank and found that those who got the most compensate (补偿的) weekend sleep were 19% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who maintained consistent but insufficient sleep schedules.
The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived— those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays.
A separate NHANES study of 3, 400 Americans confirmed these findings,
showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly
associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. But here’s what makes this discovery revolutionary: it directly
challenges decades of sleep medicine orthodoxy (正统观念).
While experts have long emphasized maintaining regular sleep to maintain
circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), this research suggests that for individuals suffering from long-term lack of sleep, sleeping in on weekends may be more protective than maintaining a regular but insufficient sleep pattern.
The study found specific reductions in stroke (中风) and coronary heart disease among weekend sleepers. Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand,
making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.”
The American Heart Association now considers sleep one of the core components of heart health, ranking it alongside diet, exercise, and smoking cessation.
With one in three American adults reporting insufficient daily sleep, this
research suggests that weekend recovery sleep might serve as a crucial cardiac safety net for millions of people who are always tired.
试卷第 7 页，共 15 页
8 ．Which group can benefit most from weekend catch-up sleep
A ．People who sleep 8 hours every night. B ．People who sleep less than 7 hours on weekdays.
C．People who maintain a regular sleep schedule. D．People who often feel sleepy on weekdays.
9 ．What does the underlined word “prevalence” in Paragraph 4 mean
A ．Occurrence. B ．Treatment. C ．Prevention. D ．Cure.
10 ．What is Jim Liu’s attitude towards the research results
A ．Favourable. B ．Doubtful. C ．Negative. D ．Unconcerned.
11 ．What is the main idea of the text
A ．Americans need to sleep more on weekends.
B ．Long-term lack of sleep causes many diseases.
C ．Sleep medicine experts should change their advice.
D ．Weekend catch-up sleep can reduce heart disease risk.
D
The model called Agua Prope, meaning clean water, was presented by a team of middle school students from Houston. At the future City Nationals in Washington
DC, the students’ goal was to build a city with a clean and reliable water supply.
Many members on the Houston team have roots in Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and access to clean water are a constant problem.
Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s
water problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹泻) caused by drinking contaminated water.
Students on the Houston team say their model includes a stable system, which
试卷第 8 页，共 15 页
monitors supply and demand, storage, filtration (过滤), and diversion of conventional as well as flood waters across the Jacksonville landscape.
The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main
problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. Actually a lot of problems caused by water shortage and pollution are going on internationally right now, especially in coastal cities. There, limited access to clean drinking water or drinking contaminated water may lead to developmental disorders and cancer-related issues.
Agua Prope model won the People’s Choice Award based on voting by the
general public, and the best futuristic city award. This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will
become a reality.
12 ．Why did the students choose to focus on water problems
A ．Their teacher forced them to choose this topic.
B ．Water problems are rare in their hometown.
C ．Many of them come from a city with serious water shortages.
D ．They wanted to win an international science competition.
13 ．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A ．The effects of contaminated water in Karachi.
B ．The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and Pakistan.
C ．The solutions to water problems in Karachi.
D ．The history of water supply in Pakistan.
14 ．What problems does Jacksonville face
A ．Earthquakes and droughts. B ．Floods and hurricanes.
C ．Volcanic eruptions and storms. D ．Sandstorms and water shortages.
15 ．What can we infer about the Agua Prope model from the last paragraph
A ．It is already being used in some cities. B ．It will be built in Jacksonville first.
C．It is not yet possible to build with current technology. D．It is too expensive for any city to afford.
试卷第 9 页，共 15 页
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
How Animals Adapt to Pacific Northwest Winters
As winter covers the Pacific Northwest in its cold embrace, the season begins in “the big dark”, a time when days grow shorter, and nights stretch longer. ____ 16____. However, animals in our region have some amazing ways to survive and thrive (茁壮成长).
●Physical Adaptations
____ 17____ Mammals like deer and elk grow thicker coats to keep warm. This extra fur (毛) traps heat close to their bodies, helping them survive in freezing
temperatures. Birds, on the other hand, fluff up (使蓬松) their feathers. This creates pockets of warm air that keep them cozy.
●Finding Food with Foraging (觅食) and Storage
Winter can be a challenging time for animals to find food. To cope, many
species have developed strategies for foraging and storing food. ____ 18____. This behaviour ensures they have enough to eat when fresh food is hard to find. Pacific wren birds are well-known for storing food. This small bird can be seen foraging under snow for insects. Its ability to dig through snow allows it to find food even when it seems scarce.
●Social Adaptations
Many animals rely on social behaviour to survive during winter. Group living offers several advantages, including better hunting success and increased protection from attackers. Being in a group can also help animals stay warm, as they crowd
together to share body heat. Wolves are known for their pack behaviour. They form groups to hunt and protect each other. ____ 19____
●Staying Active In the Cold
In the Pacific Northwest, snow and ice can create challenges for animals that live in water. However, some species have adapted to stay active despite the cold.
试卷第 10 页，共 15 页
____20____ They build homes and create underwater entrances to these structures.
This design allows them to access food stored inside, even when the surface is frozen.
A ．Winter animals sleep in holes.
B ．Many people think winter is tough for wildlife.
C ．Social animals often gather tightly in cold winter.
D ．Some animals gather and hide food in the fall so they can access it later.
E ．Beavers (河狸) are remarkable animals that manage to thrive in winter.
F ．Hunting in packs increases their chances of capturing larger prey, such as deer.
G ．One of the most noticeable changes in animals during winter is in their fur and feathers.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“I loved the feeling of swimming outside, in the fresh air, fully immersed (沉浸)
in nature.”
Melanie Barratt, an unusual swimmer, ______ it into the record books by swimming across the English Channel unaided. This was the first time a ______ woman had achieved this.
Melanie, who was born with congenital toxoplasmosis (先天性弓形虫病),
leaving her sightless in her left eye and with ______ vision in the other, loved
swimming from an early age. As a talented teenager she was ______ by British Blind Sport and selected for the national swimming team. She went on to win several ______ for swimming at the Atlanta 1996 and Sydney 2000 Paralympics.
______, she had thought it impossible to swim across the English Channel as it was a huge challenge to swim for long in open water without knowing where she was heading, even if she could ______ the cold and the distance. To ______ this, she
试卷第 11 页，共 15 页
practised swimming alongside her husband, Richard, in his kayak (皮船).
Communication was a ______ for them. “My husband couldn’t talk to me while I was swimming and was unable to give me any ______.” Fortunately, they found a ______ in a wireless radio system that connected to bone conducting headphones, allowing
Richard to ______ her while she swam. To make better ______, she even had a barrel full of cold water in the garden to help build her tolerance to the temperature when she couldn’t practise in open water.
Not only for her own enjoyment, taking on the challenge was also about making the sport more ______ to people with sight loss. Melanie has started up a Facebook
group “Blind Swim Buddies” where more and more people register as volunteers and state what kind of ______ activity they do.
21 ．A ．entered B ．placed C ．made D ．broke
22 ．A ．deaf B ．sighted C ．silly D ．blind
23 ．A ．normal B ．limited C ．perfect D ．outstanding
24 ．A ．cheated B ．fascinated C ．criticized D ．spotted
25 ．A ．coins B ．medals C ．rewards D ．elections
26 ．A ．Therefore B ．However C ．Otherwise D ．Meanwhile
27 ．A ．deal with B ．suffer from C ．draw on D ．stand for
28 ．A ．abandon B ．transform C ．overcome D ．welcome
29．A．responsibility B．pleasure C．struggle D．success
30 ．A ．direction B ．command C ．comfort D ．energy
31 ．A ．solution B ．chance C ．plan D ．sound
32 ．A ．teach B ．follow C ．accompany D ．guide
33．A．preparations B．reaction C．senses D．patience
34 ．A ．challenging B ．appropriate C ．accessible D ．affordable
35 ．A ．eye B ．school C ．space D ．water
第二节 (共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
试卷第 12 页，共 15 页
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When people think of temple fairs in China, they often imagine iconic lion
dances and traditional performances. However, for ___36___ (local) in Sihong, Jiangsu Province, Qiangan Dance (钱杆舞) is the tradition that best represents their cultural
identity.
A qiangan is a stick made of bamboo or wood, usually ___37___ (decorate) with copper coins (铜钱), bells and ribbons. Qiangan Dance performers use the qiangan
___38___ (hit) their shoulders, waists, legs and other body parts lightly while ___39___
(dance) to the rhythm of local folk music. Because of its cultural importance, Qiangan Dance ___40___ (recognize) as an intangible cultural heritage in Jiangsu province in
2023.
Hu Bo, 50, president of the Qiangan Dance Association in Sihong County, was born into a family of folk artists. He ___41___ (begin) learning the dance as a child
and has practised it for decades.
What interests him most is the Huaihe culture behind the dance. Sihong County lies along the Huaihe River, ___42___ divides northern and southern China. Despite its cultural value, Qiangan Dance, ___43___ a certain extent, is at the risk of being
forgotten. Many young people leave Sihong for work, and few are practising it now, Hu recalled.
To fight against this cultural ___44___ (ignore), Hu formed a training team. They regularly showcase the dance at temple fairs, museums, and competitions. Hu also
shares performances online, attracting enthusiasts who inspire him to “bring Qiangan Dance to ____45____ bigger stage.”
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46 ．假定你是李华，学校读书节正在进行中外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动“My Favourite Character”，请你写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括：
试卷第 13 页，共 15 页
1. 简要介绍一部经典文学作品；
2. 这部作品中你最喜欢的角色及其给你的启发。
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favourite Character
As part of the school reading festival, I would like to share with you my favourite character from
第二节 (满分 25 分)
47 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Thanksgiving Day was just around the corner, and as a first-grade teacher, I was excited to give my class a heartfelt homework: draw a picture of something they were grateful for. I expected to see drawings of turkeys and pumpkin pictures, symbols of the holiday they might enjoy.
Most of the children did draw exactly that — scenes offeasts and family
gatherings. Bright colours filled their pages, showing smiling families around dinner tables laden with food. But among this festive atmosphere, there was Lucas, a quiet and sad boy who often stayed by my side while others played at recess (课间休息).
Lucas was different from the other children. His eyes, always filled with a
sadness I could only guess at, seemed to carry the weight of the world. I often found him standing close to me during recess, his small hand sometimes slipping into mine as we watched the other children play. “Take my hand, Lucas, we’ll go outside,” I’d
试卷第 14 页，共 15 页
say gently, and he’d follow, his trust obvious in his grip (紧握).
When it was Lucas’s turn to share his drawing, he held up his paper, showing a big hand. Just a hand, with nothing else around it. The simplicity of it stirred the
imagination of his classmates. Whose hand could it be
One child guessed it was the hand of a farmer, explaining that farmers raise
turkeys and provide food. Another suggested it was the hand of a police officer,
symbolizing protection and care. The discussion went on and on, each child offering a different interpretation (解读).
As the children moved on to other assignments, the image of the hand remained in my mind. I couldn’t help but feel there was something more to Lucas’s drawing,
something deeper and more personal. I approached his desk, my heart heavy with curiosity and concern. “Whose hand is it, Lucas ” I asked softly.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“It’s yours, Miss White,” he whispered, looking away shyly.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
During storytime, I let him turn the pages as I read.
试卷第 15 页，共 15 页
1 ．D 2 ．D 3 ．C
【导语】文章是一篇应用文。文章用表格的形式呈现了五本世界著名军事著作、作者以及作品简介。
1 ．细节理解题。根据第三部著作中“This book is of high historical value, objectively and
comprehensively presenting the process and impact of the war, and is an important work for
studying ancient Greek history.(这本书具有极高的历史价值，它客观且全面地展现了这场战争的过程及其影响，是研究古希腊历史的重要著作)”可知，The History of the Peloponnesian War对于研究古希腊的历史意义重大。故选 D。
2 ．细节理解题。根据第一部分“It is the oldest military work in the world, covering 13 short
chapters that explain how wars work, how to win battles, and how leaders should think. One
famous idea is “to win without fighting”.(它是世界上现存最古老的军事著作，共分为 13 个简短章节，阐述了战争的运作方式、如何赢得战斗以及领导者应如何思考等问题。其中一个著名的观点是“不战而胜”)”以及第四部分“Many ideas were new for his time.(许多观点在当时都是前所未有的)”可知，两部书都对战争有独特的见解。故选 D。
3 ．推理判断题。根据最后一本书的介绍中“He argued that a strong navy is key to a country’s power, because controlling the seas helps protect trade and win wars.(他指出，强大的海军是国家实力的关键所在，因为掌控海洋有助于保障贸易并赢得战争)”可知，Mahan 在他的书中强调了海军对国家力量的重要性。故选 C。
4 ．A 5 ．C 6 ．B 7 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述 1986 年美洲杯帆船赛，美国队因判断风况失误而失利。专家建议应观察对手行动，不盲目调整帆，以保持领先。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Determined to take back the trophy, the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of
winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away.(美国队决心夺回奖杯，筹集了大量资金并招募了顶尖的帆船运动员。他们甚至设计了一艘高速帆船，明确了他们的获胜目标。比赛开始时， 美国队立即领先。)”可知，美国队在开始时领先是因为他们有充足的资金、顶尖的帆船运动员和一艘好船。故选 A 项。
5 ．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up.(与此同时，澳大利亚队选择不调整他们的帆，并迅速赶了上来。)”可知，澳大利亚队没有调整他们的帆。故选 C 项。
答案第 1 页，共 11 页
6 ．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team
shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have
either.(他说，在不确定的情况下，美国队不应该试图准确判断风向。相反， 他们应该观察澳大利亚队的行动。如果澳大利亚队不调整他们的帆， 美国队也不应该调整。)”可知，专家给出的建议是模仿竞争对手的行动。故选 B 项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章内容， 本文主要讲述了在 1986 年美洲杯帆船赛中，美国队在领先的情况下，由于对风向的错误判断而调整了帆，最终在最后一海里被澳大利亚队超越并输掉了比赛。结合选项可知，B 项“A Race Lost at the Last Mile(在最后一海里输掉的比赛)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选 B 项。
8 ．B 9 ．A 10 ．A 11 ．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。两项研究证实， 周末补觉可降低心脏病等心血管疾病风险，对工作日睡眠不足者保护作用显著，为睡眠不足人群提供心脏健康保障。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段“The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived—those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. (这种保护作用在 20%被归类为睡眠不足的参与者中最为显著 —— 这些人工作日每晚睡眠不足 7 小时。)”可知，工作日睡眠不足 7 小时的人从周末补觉中获益最多。故选 B 项。
9 ．词句猜测题。根据第四段“A separate NHANES study of 3,400 Americans confirmed these
findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly
associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six
hours. (另一项针对 3400 名美国人的 NHANES 研究证实了这些发现，表明当工作日睡眠不 足 6 小时时，周末补觉超过 2 小时与心血管疾病患病 prevalence 的降低密切相关。)” 可知， “周末补觉超过 2 小时”与“reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence”存在“密切相关”的关系，结合前文“降低疾病风险”的核心观点，可推断“reduced prevalence”对应“疾病发生概率降低”。故选 A 项。
10．推理判断题。根据第六段“Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension,
obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.”(俄亥俄州立大学韦克斯纳医学中心的吉姆 刘博士解释了这一机制：“睡
答案第 2 页，共 11 页
眠不足会增加患高血压、肥胖症、心律失常和冠心病的风险。另一方面，补觉可以降低这些风险。”)”可知，吉姆 刘博士通过解释补觉降低患病风险的机制，支持该研究结果，态度是赞同的。故选 A 项。
11 ．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A 14-year study of over 90,000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart
disease risk by up to 20%.(一项为期 14 年、涉及 9 万多名成年人的研究在欧洲心脏病学会大 会上公布，周末“补觉”可以将心脏病风险降低高达 20% 。)”及全文围绕该研究展开的验证、机制解释可知，文章核心是“周末补觉能降低心脏病风险”。故选 D 项。
12 ．C 13 ．B 14 ．B 15 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了休斯顿中学生团队设计的“Agua Prope”净水城市模型，该模型旨在解决水资源短缺和污染问题。还描述了卡拉奇市严重的水问题及其危害， 并说明了该模型的技术特点及面临的挑战，表达了学生对建设净水城市的愿景。
12 ．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Many members on the Houston team have roots in
Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and
access to clean water are a constant problem. (休斯顿队的许多成员都来自巴基斯坦最大且污 染最严重的城市卡拉奇，在那里，水资源短缺和获取清洁水是一个持续存在的问题。)”可知，学生们选择关注水问题是因为他们中的许多人来自一个水资源严重短缺的城市。故选 C 项。
13．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中的“Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking
contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s water
problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹 泻) caused by drinking contaminated water. (卡拉奇现在相当落后。与美国不同，很多人都在街上——他们没有水喝，或者喝的是被污染的水。甚至在白天洗澡都很难。卡拉奇政府表示，该市每天的供水量仅为所需水量的一半。卡拉奇水问题的后果令人心碎。联合国儿童基金会报告称，每年有 5.3 万名儿童死于饮用受污染水引起的腹泻。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了卡拉奇和巴基斯坦水问题的严重性。B 选项“The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and
Pakistan.(卡拉奇及巴基斯坦的水资源问题的严重性。)”概括本段主要内容，符合题意。故选B 项。
答案第 3 页，共 11 页
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. (Agua Prope 项目位于佛罗里
达州的杰克逊维尔，那里的主要问题是风暴潮、飓风和洪水。)”可知，杰克逊维尔面临的问题是洪水和飓风。故选 B 项。
15 ．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will become a reality. (这种模式需要非常先进的技术，要几十年后才能付诸实施。但学生们表示，他们希望在未来 50 年内，他们的清洁水城市愿景能够成为现实。)”可知，模式需要非常先进的技术，要几十年后才能付诸实施，以目前的技术还无法建立 Agua Prope 模型。故选 C 项。
16 ．B 17 ．G 18 ．D 19 ．F 20 ．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西北太平洋地区的动物如何通过多种方式适应冬季的生存挑战。
16 ．由上文“As winter covers the Pacific Northwest in its cold embrace, the season begins in ‘the big dark’, a time when days grow shorter, and nights stretch longer.(当寒冬以它冰冷的怀抱笼罩西北太平洋地区时，这个季节便在‘大黑暗’中拉开了序幕——此时白天变得越来越短，夜晚则变得越来越漫长。) ”以及下文“However, animals in our region have some amazing ways to survive and thrive.(然而，我们这片区域的动物有一些令人惊叹的生存与茁壮成长的方式。)”可知，本空需要先表达人们对动物过冬的普遍看法，再通过转折引出动物的适应能力。B 选项“Many people think winter is tough for wildlife.(很多人认为冬季对野生动物来说很艰难。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“tough”与下文的“amazing ways to survive and thrive”形成转折呼应。故选 B。
17 ．由下文“Mammals like deer and elk grow thicker coats to keep warm. This extra fur (毛) traps heat close to their bodies, helping them survive in freezing temperatures. Birds, on the other hand, fluff up (使蓬松) their feathers.(鹿和麋鹿这类哺乳动物会长出更厚实的皮毛来保暖。这些额外长出的毛发能把热量紧紧锁在身体周围，帮助它们在严寒中存活下来。而鸟类则会使自己的羽毛蓬松起来。)”可知，本段聚焦动物在皮毛和羽毛上的变化。G 选项“One of the most
noticeable changes in animals during winter is in their fur and feathers.(动物在冬季最明显的变化之一是它们的皮毛和羽毛。)”能概括本段内容，符合题意，该选项中“fur and feathers”与下文的“thicker coats”和“feathers”直接呼应。故选 G。
答案第 4 页，共 11 页
18 ．由上文“To cope, many species have developed strategies for foraging and storing food.(为了应对，许多物种进化出了觅食和储存食物的策略。)”以及下文“This behaviour ensures they
have enough to eat when fresh food is hard to find.(这种行为确保它们在新鲜食物难以寻找时
也有足够的食物。)”可知，本空要说明动物储存食物的具体行为。D 选项“Some animals gather and hide food in the fall so they can access it later.(一些动物在秋天收集并隐藏食物，以便之后取用。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“gather and hide food”与上文“storing food”呼应， “in the fall”与下文“when fresh food is hard to find”呼应。故选 D。
19 ．由上文“Wolves are known for their pack behaviour. They form groups to hunt and protect
each other.(狼以其群体行为而闻名。它们组成群体来捕猎和互相保护。)”可知，本空要进一步说明狼群群体捕猎的优势。F 选项“Hunting in packs increases their chances of capturing
larger prey, such as deer.(群体捕猎增加了它们捕获大型猎物（如鹿）的几率。)”能承接上文，符合题意，该选项中“Hunting in packs”与上文“pack behaviour”和“form groups to hunt”相呼应。故选 F。
20 ．由上文“However, some species have adapted to stay active despite the cold. (不过，有些物种已经适应了寒冷环境，依旧保持活跃状态。)”以及下文“They build homes and create
underwater entrances to these structures. This design allows them to access food stored inside,
even when the surface is frozen.(它们建造巢穴，并为这些结构打造水下入口。这种设计让它们即使在水面结冰时也能获取内部储存的食物。)”可知，本空要引出具备这种过冬能力的动物。E 选项“Beavers are remarkable animals that manage to thrive in winter.(河狸是能在冬季茁壮成长的非凡动物。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“Beavers”指下文“They”所指代的动物，“manage to thrive in winter”与下文“allows them to access food stored inside”相呼应。故选
E。
21 ．C 22 ．D 23 ．B 24 ．D 25 ．B 26 ．B 27 ．A 28 ．C
29 ．C 30 ．A 31 ．A 32 ．D 33 ．A 34 ．C 35 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以失明游泳者梅兰妮横渡英吉利海峡的经历为叙事主线，穿插她的成长背景、挑战克服过程，以及她推动残障人士游泳运动的公益行动。
21 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅兰妮·巴拉特是一位与众不同的游泳者，她凭借无辅助横渡英吉利海峡的壮举被载入世界纪录。A. entered 进入；B. placed 放置；C. made 使；D. broke打破。根据下文的“into the record books(载入世界纪录)”可知，固定搭配“make it into...”表示
答案第 5 页，共 11 页
“成功进入/跻身 ……”，符合她创下纪录的语境。故选 C 项。
22 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是第一位失明女性完成这一壮举。A. deaf 失聪的；B. sighted 有视力的；C. silly 愚蠢的；D. blind 失明的。根据下一段的“Melanie, who was born with congenital toxoplasmosis, leaving her sightless in her left eye and with vision in the other (梅兰妮出生时患有先天性弓形虫病，左眼失明，右眼视力 )”和“British Blind Sport(英国盲人体育协会)”可知，她是“失明的”女性。故选 D 项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 梅兰妮出生时患有先天性弓形虫病，左眼失明，右眼视力有限。A. normal 正常的；B. limited 有限的；C. perfect 完美的；D. outstanding 杰出的。根据上文的“This was the first time a woman had achieved this.”和“sightless in her left eye (左
眼失明)”以及下文“British Blind Sport(英国盲人体育协会)”的可知，她的右眼视力也存在缺陷，是“有限的”。故选 B 项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 作为一名有天赋的青少年，她被英国盲人体育协会发掘，并入选国家游泳队。A. cheated 欺骗；B. fascinated 使着迷；C. criticized 批评；D. spotted 发掘。根据下文的“selected for the national swimming team (入选国家游泳队)”可知，她的天赋被协会 “发掘”。故选 D 项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 她随后 1996 年亚特兰大残奥会和 2000 年悉尼残奥会的游泳项目中赢得多枚奖牌。A. coins 硬币；B. medals 奖牌；C. rewards 奖励；D. elections 选举。根据“at the Atlanta 1996 and Sydney 2000 Paralympics (1996 年亚特兰大残奥会和2000 年悉尼残奥会)”可知，她赢得的是“奖牌”。故选 B 项。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意： 然而，她曾认为横渡英吉利海峡是不可能的，因为在开阔水域长时间游泳却不知道自己的方向，这是一个巨大的挑战，即使她能应对寒冷和距离。A. Therefore 因此；B. However 然而；C. Otherwise 否则；D.Meanwhile 同时。根据前文她的残奥会成就与后文“thought it impossible (认为不可能)”可知，此处存在转折关系。故选 B 项。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意： 然而，她曾认为横渡英吉利海峡是不可能的，因为在开阔水域长时间游泳却不知道自己的方向，这是一个巨大的挑战，即使她能应对寒冷和距离。A. deal with 应对；B. suffer from 遭受；C. draw on 利用；D. stand for 代表。根据 even if 引导的让步状语从句和下文的“the cold and the distance (寒冷和距离)”可知，她有能力“应对”这些困难。故选 A 项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了克服这个问题，她和丈夫理查德一起在他的皮船旁边练习游泳。A. abandon 放弃；B. transform 改变；C. overcome 克服；D. welcome 欢迎。根据前
答案第 6 页，共 11 页
文“it was a huge challenge to swim for long in open water without knowing where she was
heading (在开阔水域长时间游泳却不知道自己的方向是一个巨大的挑战)”和下文的“she
practised swimming alongside her husband, Richard, in his kayak (她和丈夫理查德一起在他的皮船旁边练习游泳)”可知，她训练肯定是想“克服”这个困难。故选 C 项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：沟通对他们来说是一个难题。A. responsibility 责任；B. pleasure快乐；C. struggle 难题；D. success 成功。根据下文的“My husband couldn’t talk to me while I was swimming and was unable to give me any direction (我游泳时丈夫不能和我说话，也无法给我任何方向指引)”可知，沟通是他们的“难题”。故选 C 项。
30 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我游泳时丈夫不能和我说话，也无法给我任何方向指引。
A. direction 方向；B. command 命令；C. comfort 安慰；D. energy 能量。根据前文的“without knowing where she was heading (不知道她要去哪里)”可知，丈夫无法给她“方向”指引。故选 A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 幸运的是，他们找到了一个解决方案——一套连接骨传导耳机的无线电台系统，让理查德在她游泳时能引导她。A. solution 解决方案；B. chance 机会； C. plan 计划；D. sound 声音。根据下文的“a wireless radio system that connected to bone
conducting headphones (一套连接骨传导耳机的无线电台系统)”可知，这是解决沟通问题的“方案”。故选 A 项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 幸运的是，他们找到了一个解决方案——一套连接骨传导耳机的无线电台系统，让理查德在她游泳时能引导她。A. teach 教；B. follow 跟随；C. accompany陪伴；D. guide 引导。根据前文“without knowing where she was heading (不知道她要去哪里)”可知，这套系统能让丈夫“引导”她的方向。故选 D 项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 为了更好地准备，当她不能在开阔水域练习时，她甚至在花园里放了一桶冷水，帮助自己增强对低温的耐受力。A. preparations 准备；B. reaction 反应； C. senses 感官；D. patience 耐心。根据下文的“help build her tolerance to the temperature (帮助自己增强对低温的耐受力)”可知，这是为横渡做“准备”。故选 A 项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 接受这个挑战不仅是为了她自己的乐趣，也是为了让视力受损的人更容易接触到这项运动。A. challenging 有挑战性的；B. appropriate 合适的；C.
accessible 易接近的；易接触的；D. affordable 负担得起的。根据下文的“Melanie has started up a Facebook group ‘Blind Swim Buddies ’ (梅兰妮创建了一个名为“盲人游泳伙伴”的 Facebook群组)”可知，她想让失明人士更“易接触”游泳运动。故选 C 项。
答案第 7 页，共 11 页
35 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰妮创建了一个名为“盲人游泳伙伴”的 Facebook 群组，越来越多的人注册为志愿者，并说明他们从事的水上活动类型。A. eye 眼睛；B. school 学校； C. space 空间；D. water 水。根据“swim (游泳)”可知，这里指“水上”活动。故选 D 项。
36 ．locals 37 ．decorated 38 ．to hit 39 ．dancing 40 ．was recognized
41 ．began 42 ．which 43 ．to 44 ．ignorance 45 ．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了江苏省泗洪县的非物质文化遗产 —— 钱杆舞，包括钱杆的制作材料、舞蹈表演形式， 还讲述了钱杆舞协会会长胡波传承该文化的经历，以及当前钱杆舞面临的传承困境与保护措施。
36．考查名词复数。句意： 然而，对于江苏省泗洪县的当地人来说，钱杆舞才是最能代表他们文化身份的传统。“local”作名词时表示“当地人”，为可数名词，此处指泗洪县的众多当地人，应用复数形式 locals。故填 locals。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意： 钱杆是用竹子或木头制成的棍子，通常装饰有铜钱、铃铛和彩带。句中已有谓语动词“is”且空前无其它连词，所以此处应用 decorate 的非谓语动词形式，因其与被修饰的名词“a stick”之间为被动关系，即棍子被装饰，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填 decorated。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意： 钱杆舞表演者会随着当地民间音乐的节奏跳舞，同时用钱杆轻轻击打自己的肩膀、腰部、腿部和其他身体部位。根据语意可知，“使用钱杆”的目的是“击打身体部位”，应用 hit 的动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to hit。
39 ．考查省略表达。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，while 引导的为状语从句，从句的主语与主句的主语一致，所以可省略从句的主语和 be 动词，其完整形式为：while (Qiangan Dance performers are) dancing to the rhythm of local folk music。故填 dancing。
40 ．考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：由于其文化重要性，钱杆舞于 2023 年被认定为江苏省非物质文化遗产。根据时间状语“in 2023”和语境可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时；主语“Qiangan Dance”与“recognize”之间为被动关系，即被认定，应用被动语态，且主语为单数，be 动词应用 was。故填 was recognized。
41．考查时态。句意： 他小时候就开始学习这种舞蹈，并且已经练习了几十年。根据时间状语“as a child”和语境可知，“开始学习”是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，begin 用过去式。故填 began。
42．考查定语从句。句意： 泗洪县位于淮河沿岸，淮河是中国南北方的分界线。此处引导非
答案第 8 页，共 11 页
限制性定语从句，先行词是“the Huaihe River”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用 which来引导。故填 which。
43．考查介词。句意： 胡波回忆道，尽管具有文化价值，但钱杆舞在一定程度上面临着被遗忘的风险。“to a certain extent”为固定短语，意为“在一定程度上”。故填 to。
44．考查名词。句意： 为了对抗这种文化上的无知，胡波组建了一支训练队。根据空格前的“this cultural”可知，此处应用 ignore 的名词形式 ignorance 作宾语，为不可数名词，表“忽视”的抽象概念。故填 ignorance。
45．考查冠词。句意： 胡波还在网上分享表演视频，吸引了不少爱好者，这些爱好者激励着他“把钱杆舞带上更大的舞台” 。“stage”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个更大的舞台”，且“bigger”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a 修饰。故填 a。
46 ． My Favourite Character
As part of the school reading festival, I would like to share with you my favourite character from Jane Eyre, a timeless novel by Charlotte Bront . It tells the story of a brave and independent woman who pursues equality and true love.
My favourite character is Jane herself. Despite facing hardships and loneliness, she never gives up. Her resilience and self-respect deeply inspire me. She teaches me that no matter what difficulties we encounter, we should always hold on to our dignity and dreams bravely.
I do really admire her and her spirits that influence my whole life.
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生就学校读书节外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动写一篇英语短文投稿，主题为“My Favourite Character”。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
勇敢的：brave→courageous/valorous
追求：pursue→chase/go after
激励：inspire→fuel/stimulate
影响：influence→have an influence on/have an impact on
2.句式拓展：
单句变复杂句：
原句：Despite facing hardships and loneliness, she never gives up. Her resilience and self-respect deeply inspire me.
拓展句：Despite facing hardships and loneliness, she never gives up, whose resilience and
答案第 9 页，共 11 页
self-respect deeply inspire me.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】It tells the story of a brave and independent woman who pursues equality and true love.(运用了 who 引导定语从句。)
【高分句型 2】She teaches me that no matter what difficulties we encounter, we should always hold on to our dignity and dreams bravely.(运用了 that 引导宾语从句和“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句。)
47 ．参考答案
“It’s yours, Miss White,” he whispered, looking away shyly. I froze for a moment, all those little moments with Lucas rushing back to me: the recess when he stood quietly by my side and
slipped his small hand into mine for comfort. It turned out that Lucas was most thankful for my
hand, the hand that had comforted him and shown him that he wasn’t alone. Tears welled up in my eyes. I was so moved. I never realized my casual daily care could be such warm light for this
lonely little boy.
During storytime, I let him turn the pages as I read. When he slipped his hand into mine, I gave it a gentle squeeze. His eyes met mine, and for the first time, I saw not sadness, but
happiness. After that, I encouraged him to play with peers. Little by little, soft smiles appeared on Lucas’s face more often, and he even began to join his classmates’ games during recess. I finally understood that the true meaning of Thanksgiving lies in the small kindness we give without
expectation, which can warm a person’s whole world.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开， 感恩节快到了，作者给学生们布置了一个作业——画一幅与感恩有关的画。所有孩子都是画与节日有关联的象征， 除了 Lucas，他画的是一只手。在课堂分享作品时，大家都对 Lucas 画的手感到好奇。最后 Lucas 说这是作者的手，因为在许多课间休息感到悲伤和孤独的时刻，作者的手都牵着他。
【详解】1. 续写线索：
①由续写第一段首句““这是你的，White 小姐，”他轻声说，害羞地扭过头去。”可知，第一段可描写作者在得知是自己的手之后的反应。
②由续写第二段首句“在读故事的时候，我让他在我读的时候翻页。”可知，第二段可描写作者对 Lucas 的具体帮助，Lucas 发生的积极变化以及作者的感悟。
2. 段落续写：
询问是谁的手——回忆涌上心头——感动地热泪盈眶——帮助和鼓励——Lucas 发生积极变
答案第 10 页，共 11 页
化——感悟
3. 词汇激活：行为类
①安慰：comfort/console
②涌出：well up/spring up/gush out
③意识到：realize/recognize
④出现：appear/come out情绪类
①感谢的：thankful/grateful
②感动的：moved/touched
【点睛】【高分句型 1】I froze for a moment, all those little moments with Lucas rushing back to me: the recess when he stood quietly by my side and slipped his small hand into mine for
comfort.(使用了独立主格结构、when 引导定语从句)
【高分句型 2】I finally understood that the true meaning of Thanksgiving lies in the small
kindness we give without expectation, which can warm a person’s whole world. (使用了 that 引导宾语从句、省略关系词的定语从句、which 引导非限制性定语从句)
答案第 11 页，共 11 页
英语
(试卷满分：150 分，考试时间：120 分钟)注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；回答非选择题时，用 0.5mm 的黑色字迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。
4. 本卷主要命题范围：外研版选择性必修第二册结束和选择性必修第三册 U1。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
例： How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是 C。
1. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a museum. B. On a bus. C. At a station.
2. What is the man going to repair next
A. A TV. B. A shower. C. A light.
3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Old classmates. B. Workmates. C. Coach and athlete.
4. What has the man always wanted to be
A. A receptionist. B. A teacher. C. An artist.
5. Which programme does the man like best
A. News. B. Entertainment. C. Discovery.
试卷第 1 页，共 15 页
第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 、7 题。
6. What does the woman intend to drink
A. Orange juice. B. Milk with sugar. C. Coffee with milk.
7. How much should the woman pay C. 100 yuan.
A. 10 yuan. B. 90 yuan.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. How does Mary probably feel about snakes
A. Relaxed. B. Afraid. C. Interested.
9. What has Terry probably been used to
A. Seeing wild animals. B. Paying a lot for rent. C. Travelling long distance to work.
10. Where did Terry work in the last two years
A. In Britain. B. In America. C. In Australia.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What is the man doing
A. Selling a new house. B. Deciding on the room design. C. Viewing an apartment.
12. What is included in the rent price
A. Internet. B. Electricity. C. Parking.
13. Why did the man buy an electric car
A. To live a greener lifestyle. B. To cut his fuel costs. C. To have a better driving experience.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. Why does the woman put an ad in the newspaper
A. To advertise for a new house. B. To put her house up for sale. C. To sell her furniture.
15. What is the ad’s price based on
A. The number of words. B. The length of sentences. C. The size ofthe ad.
16. How is the woman going to pay
试卷第 2 页，共 15 页
A. In cash. B. By check. C. By credit card.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Where can the listeners find the housing office
A. In the entry to the college. B. Outside the bookstore. C. Next to the library.
18. When does the housing office open during holidays
A. On Monday and Thursday mornings.
B. On Tuesday and Thursday mornings.
C. On Monday and Friday mornings.
19. How many library books does the college offer
A. Around 6,000. B. Around 60,000. C. Around 600,000.
20. Which is the best place to have a cheap hot meal
A. The students’ bar. B. The Food Hall. C. The Hungry Cafe.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Military works Author Introduction
The Art of War Sun Tzu(about 544-496 BC) Sun Tzu, a well-known military strategist in ancient China, lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. It was in such a complex and war-torn environment that Sun Tzu, with his rich military experience and deep insights, penned it. It is the oldest military work in the world, covering 13 short chapters that explain how wars work, how to win battles, and how leaders should think.
试卷第 3 页，共 15 页
One famous idea is “to win without fighting”.
On War Carl von Clausewitz(1780-1831) He was a German military thinker. His book says war is a way to force an enemy to do what you want. It also says war is closely linked to politics. It deeply explores the differences between tactics (战术) and strategy, and is of great significance to military professionals and political theorists.
The History of the Peloponnesian War Thucydides(about 460-400 BC) It records the details of the war between the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta and the Athenian Empire. This book is of high historical value, objectively and comprehensively presenting the process and impact of the war, and is an important work for studying ancient Greek history.
The Art of War Niccolò Machiavelli(1469-1527) He was an Italian writer from the Renaissance. His book talks about how to build and train an army, how to arrange soldiers in battle, and how governments should organize defenses. Many ideas were new for his time.
Naval Strategy Alfred Thayer He was an American naval (海
试卷第 4 页，共 15 页
Mahan(1840-1914) 军的) officer. His book was the first to study naval strategy. He argued that a strong navy is key to a country’s power, because controlling the seas helps protect trade and win wars.
1 ．Which book is significant for the research on ancient Greek history
A ．On War. B．Naval Strategy.
C ．The Art of War by Sun Tzu. D ．The History of the Peloponnesian War.
2 ．What do these two books with the same name have in common
A ．They both have 13 chapters. B ．Both authors are experienced generals.
C ．They were written around the same time period. D ．Both books offer a unique understanding of war.
3 ．What is the key point of Mahan’s Naval Strategy
A ．War relies on complex politics. B ．Navies should only protect coastlines.
C ．A strong navy is necessary to a country. D ．Trade is more important than military power.
B
In the 1986 America’s Cup sailing race, a tough competition unfolded between the United States team and the Australian team.
The Australian team had won the race multiple times before. Determined to take back the trophy(奖杯), the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They
even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away. By the time they were just four nautical miles (海里) from the finish line, they were already three nautical miles
ahead of the Australian team. It seemed victory was within their grasp.
However, the wind direction at sea suddenly changed at this critical moment. The US team was now faced with a tough choice: should they adjust (调整) the sail
试卷第 5 页，共 15 页
angle You see, there are two types of wind at sea — gusts and cyclones. If it was a gust, adjusting the sail would be the right move. But ifit was a cyclone, any
adjustment would be useless, as cyclones change direction constantly. Relying on his years of experience, the US team’s old captain decided it was a gust and ordered the crew to adjust the sail.
Sadly, his judgment was wrong. It turned out to be a gust-like cyclone. The US sailboat spun (转动) around in place, wasting valuable time. Meanwhile, the
Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up. In the end, the
Australian team overtook the US team when they were just one nautical mile from the finish line and won the championship.
After the race, most media blamed the old captain for the US loss. But a game theory expert had a different view. He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have either. That way, they could have kept their lead.
4 ．Why might the US team take the lead at the start
A ．They had good funds, sailors and a good boat. B ．They practiced sailing every single day.
C ．Australian team made a slow start. D ．The wind helped the US team a lot.
5 ．What can we know about the Australian team
A ．They wanted the US to win. B ．They did not trust their captain.
C．They made no sail adjustment. D．They knew the wind would change again.
6 ．What advice did the expert give
A ．Better later than never. B ．Copy the competitor’s move.
C ．It is never too old to learn and create. D ．Trust the captain.
7 ．What would be the most suitable title for the text
A ．The Unpredictable Sea Winds B ．A Race Lost at the Last Mile
C ．America’s Cup Sailing Race D ．The Role of Experience in Sailing
C
试卷第 6 页，共 15 页
A 14-year study of over 90, 000 adults presented at the European Society of
Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart disease risk by up to 20%.
The research, led by cardiovascular (心血管的) scientists from China’s Fuwai Hospital, tracked participants through the UK Biobank and found that those who got the most compensate (补偿的) weekend sleep were 19% less likely to develop heart disease compared to those who maintained consistent but insufficient sleep schedules.
The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived— those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays.
A separate NHANES study of 3, 400 Americans confirmed these findings,
showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly
associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six hours. But here’s what makes this discovery revolutionary: it directly
challenges decades of sleep medicine orthodoxy (正统观念).
While experts have long emphasized maintaining regular sleep to maintain
circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), this research suggests that for individuals suffering from long-term lack of sleep, sleeping in on weekends may be more protective than maintaining a regular but insufficient sleep pattern.
The study found specific reductions in stroke (中风) and coronary heart disease among weekend sleepers. Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension, obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand,
making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.”
The American Heart Association now considers sleep one of the core components of heart health, ranking it alongside diet, exercise, and smoking cessation.
With one in three American adults reporting insufficient daily sleep, this
research suggests that weekend recovery sleep might serve as a crucial cardiac safety net for millions of people who are always tired.
试卷第 7 页，共 15 页
8 ．Which group can benefit most from weekend catch-up sleep
A ．People who sleep 8 hours every night. B ．People who sleep less than 7 hours on weekdays.
C．People who maintain a regular sleep schedule. D．People who often feel sleepy on weekdays.
9 ．What does the underlined word “prevalence” in Paragraph 4 mean
A ．Occurrence. B ．Treatment. C ．Prevention. D ．Cure.
10 ．What is Jim Liu’s attitude towards the research results
A ．Favourable. B ．Doubtful. C ．Negative. D ．Unconcerned.
11 ．What is the main idea of the text
A ．Americans need to sleep more on weekends.
B ．Long-term lack of sleep causes many diseases.
C ．Sleep medicine experts should change their advice.
D ．Weekend catch-up sleep can reduce heart disease risk.
D
The model called Agua Prope, meaning clean water, was presented by a team of middle school students from Houston. At the future City Nationals in Washington
DC, the students’ goal was to build a city with a clean and reliable water supply.
Many members on the Houston team have roots in Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and access to clean water are a constant problem.
Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s
water problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹泻) caused by drinking contaminated water.
Students on the Houston team say their model includes a stable system, which
试卷第 8 页，共 15 页
monitors supply and demand, storage, filtration (过滤), and diversion of conventional as well as flood waters across the Jacksonville landscape.
The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main
problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. Actually a lot of problems caused by water shortage and pollution are going on internationally right now, especially in coastal cities. There, limited access to clean drinking water or drinking contaminated water may lead to developmental disorders and cancer-related issues.
Agua Prope model won the People’s Choice Award based on voting by the
general public, and the best futuristic city award. This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will
become a reality.
12 ．Why did the students choose to focus on water problems
A ．Their teacher forced them to choose this topic.
B ．Water problems are rare in their hometown.
C ．Many of them come from a city with serious water shortages.
D ．They wanted to win an international science competition.
13 ．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A ．The effects of contaminated water in Karachi.
B ．The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and Pakistan.
C ．The solutions to water problems in Karachi.
D ．The history of water supply in Pakistan.
14 ．What problems does Jacksonville face
A ．Earthquakes and droughts. B ．Floods and hurricanes.
C ．Volcanic eruptions and storms. D ．Sandstorms and water shortages.
15 ．What can we infer about the Agua Prope model from the last paragraph
A ．It is already being used in some cities. B ．It will be built in Jacksonville first.
C．It is not yet possible to build with current technology. D．It is too expensive for any city to afford.
试卷第 9 页，共 15 页
第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
How Animals Adapt to Pacific Northwest Winters
As winter covers the Pacific Northwest in its cold embrace, the season begins in “the big dark”, a time when days grow shorter, and nights stretch longer. ____ 16____. However, animals in our region have some amazing ways to survive and thrive (茁壮成长).
●Physical Adaptations
____ 17____ Mammals like deer and elk grow thicker coats to keep warm. This extra fur (毛) traps heat close to their bodies, helping them survive in freezing
temperatures. Birds, on the other hand, fluff up (使蓬松) their feathers. This creates pockets of warm air that keep them cozy.
●Finding Food with Foraging (觅食) and Storage
Winter can be a challenging time for animals to find food. To cope, many
species have developed strategies for foraging and storing food. ____ 18____. This behaviour ensures they have enough to eat when fresh food is hard to find. Pacific wren birds are well-known for storing food. This small bird can be seen foraging under snow for insects. Its ability to dig through snow allows it to find food even when it seems scarce.
●Social Adaptations
Many animals rely on social behaviour to survive during winter. Group living offers several advantages, including better hunting success and increased protection from attackers. Being in a group can also help animals stay warm, as they crowd
together to share body heat. Wolves are known for their pack behaviour. They form groups to hunt and protect each other. ____ 19____
●Staying Active In the Cold
In the Pacific Northwest, snow and ice can create challenges for animals that live in water. However, some species have adapted to stay active despite the cold.
试卷第 10 页，共 15 页
____20____ They build homes and create underwater entrances to these structures.
This design allows them to access food stored inside, even when the surface is frozen.
A ．Winter animals sleep in holes.
B ．Many people think winter is tough for wildlife.
C ．Social animals often gather tightly in cold winter.
D ．Some animals gather and hide food in the fall so they can access it later.
E ．Beavers (河狸) are remarkable animals that manage to thrive in winter.
F ．Hunting in packs increases their chances of capturing larger prey, such as deer.
G ．One of the most noticeable changes in animals during winter is in their fur and feathers.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“I loved the feeling of swimming outside, in the fresh air, fully immersed (沉浸)
in nature.”
Melanie Barratt, an unusual swimmer, ______ it into the record books by swimming across the English Channel unaided. This was the first time a ______ woman had achieved this.
Melanie, who was born with congenital toxoplasmosis (先天性弓形虫病),
leaving her sightless in her left eye and with ______ vision in the other, loved
swimming from an early age. As a talented teenager she was ______ by British Blind Sport and selected for the national swimming team. She went on to win several ______ for swimming at the Atlanta 1996 and Sydney 2000 Paralympics.
______, she had thought it impossible to swim across the English Channel as it was a huge challenge to swim for long in open water without knowing where she was heading, even if she could ______ the cold and the distance. To ______ this, she
试卷第 11 页，共 15 页
practised swimming alongside her husband, Richard, in his kayak (皮船).
Communication was a ______ for them. “My husband couldn’t talk to me while I was swimming and was unable to give me any ______.” Fortunately, they found a ______ in a wireless radio system that connected to bone conducting headphones, allowing
Richard to ______ her while she swam. To make better ______, she even had a barrel full of cold water in the garden to help build her tolerance to the temperature when she couldn’t practise in open water.
Not only for her own enjoyment, taking on the challenge was also about making the sport more ______ to people with sight loss. Melanie has started up a Facebook
group “Blind Swim Buddies” where more and more people register as volunteers and state what kind of ______ activity they do.
21 ．A ．entered B ．placed C ．made D ．broke
22 ．A ．deaf B ．sighted C ．silly D ．blind
23 ．A ．normal B ．limited C ．perfect D ．outstanding
24 ．A ．cheated B ．fascinated C ．criticized D ．spotted
25 ．A ．coins B ．medals C ．rewards D ．elections
26 ．A ．Therefore B ．However C ．Otherwise D ．Meanwhile
27 ．A ．deal with B ．suffer from C ．draw on D ．stand for
28 ．A ．abandon B ．transform C ．overcome D ．welcome
29．A．responsibility B．pleasure C．struggle D．success
30 ．A ．direction B ．command C ．comfort D ．energy
31 ．A ．solution B ．chance C ．plan D ．sound
32 ．A ．teach B ．follow C ．accompany D ．guide
33．A．preparations B．reaction C．senses D．patience
34 ．A ．challenging B ．appropriate C ．accessible D ．affordable
35 ．A ．eye B ．school C ．space D ．water
第二节 (共 10 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
试卷第 12 页，共 15 页
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When people think of temple fairs in China, they often imagine iconic lion
dances and traditional performances. However, for ___36___ (local) in Sihong, Jiangsu Province, Qiangan Dance (钱杆舞) is the tradition that best represents their cultural
identity.
A qiangan is a stick made of bamboo or wood, usually ___37___ (decorate) with copper coins (铜钱), bells and ribbons. Qiangan Dance performers use the qiangan
___38___ (hit) their shoulders, waists, legs and other body parts lightly while ___39___
(dance) to the rhythm of local folk music. Because of its cultural importance, Qiangan Dance ___40___ (recognize) as an intangible cultural heritage in Jiangsu province in
2023.
Hu Bo, 50, president of the Qiangan Dance Association in Sihong County, was born into a family of folk artists. He ___41___ (begin) learning the dance as a child
and has practised it for decades.
What interests him most is the Huaihe culture behind the dance. Sihong County lies along the Huaihe River, ___42___ divides northern and southern China. Despite its cultural value, Qiangan Dance, ___43___ a certain extent, is at the risk of being
forgotten. Many young people leave Sihong for work, and few are practising it now, Hu recalled.
To fight against this cultural ___44___ (ignore), Hu formed a training team. They regularly showcase the dance at temple fairs, museums, and competitions. Hu also
shares performances online, attracting enthusiasts who inspire him to “bring Qiangan Dance to ____45____ bigger stage.”
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46 ．假定你是李华，学校读书节正在进行中外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动“My Favourite Character”，请你写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括：
试卷第 13 页，共 15 页
1. 简要介绍一部经典文学作品；
2. 这部作品中你最喜欢的角色及其给你的启发。
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favourite Character
As part of the school reading festival, I would like to share with you my favourite character from
第二节 (满分 25 分)
47 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Thanksgiving Day was just around the corner, and as a first-grade teacher, I was excited to give my class a heartfelt homework: draw a picture of something they were grateful for. I expected to see drawings of turkeys and pumpkin pictures, symbols of the holiday they might enjoy.
Most of the children did draw exactly that — scenes offeasts and family
gatherings. Bright colours filled their pages, showing smiling families around dinner tables laden with food. But among this festive atmosphere, there was Lucas, a quiet and sad boy who often stayed by my side while others played at recess (课间休息).
Lucas was different from the other children. His eyes, always filled with a
sadness I could only guess at, seemed to carry the weight of the world. I often found him standing close to me during recess, his small hand sometimes slipping into mine as we watched the other children play. “Take my hand, Lucas, we’ll go outside,” I’d
试卷第 14 页，共 15 页
say gently, and he’d follow, his trust obvious in his grip (紧握).
When it was Lucas’s turn to share his drawing, he held up his paper, showing a big hand. Just a hand, with nothing else around it. The simplicity of it stirred the
imagination of his classmates. Whose hand could it be
One child guessed it was the hand of a farmer, explaining that farmers raise
turkeys and provide food. Another suggested it was the hand of a police officer,
symbolizing protection and care. The discussion went on and on, each child offering a different interpretation (解读).
As the children moved on to other assignments, the image of the hand remained in my mind. I couldn’t help but feel there was something more to Lucas’s drawing,
something deeper and more personal. I approached his desk, my heart heavy with curiosity and concern. “Whose hand is it, Lucas ” I asked softly.
注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“It’s yours, Miss White,” he whispered, looking away shyly.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
During storytime, I let him turn the pages as I read.
试卷第 15 页，共 15 页
1 ．D 2 ．D 3 ．C
【导语】文章是一篇应用文。文章用表格的形式呈现了五本世界著名军事著作、作者以及作品简介。
1 ．细节理解题。根据第三部著作中“This book is of high historical value, objectively and
comprehensively presenting the process and impact of the war, and is an important work for
studying ancient Greek history.(这本书具有极高的历史价值，它客观且全面地展现了这场战争的过程及其影响，是研究古希腊历史的重要著作)”可知，The History of the Peloponnesian War对于研究古希腊的历史意义重大。故选 D。
2 ．细节理解题。根据第一部分“It is the oldest military work in the world, covering 13 short
chapters that explain how wars work, how to win battles, and how leaders should think. One
famous idea is “to win without fighting”.(它是世界上现存最古老的军事著作，共分为 13 个简短章节，阐述了战争的运作方式、如何赢得战斗以及领导者应如何思考等问题。其中一个著名的观点是“不战而胜”)”以及第四部分“Many ideas were new for his time.(许多观点在当时都是前所未有的)”可知，两部书都对战争有独特的见解。故选 D。
3 ．推理判断题。根据最后一本书的介绍中“He argued that a strong navy is key to a country’s power, because controlling the seas helps protect trade and win wars.(他指出，强大的海军是国家实力的关键所在，因为掌控海洋有助于保障贸易并赢得战争)”可知，Mahan 在他的书中强调了海军对国家力量的重要性。故选 C。
4 ．A 5 ．C 6 ．B 7 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述 1986 年美洲杯帆船赛，美国队因判断风况失误而失利。专家建议应观察对手行动，不盲目调整帆，以保持领先。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Determined to take back the trophy, the US team gathered plentiful capital and top sailors. They even designed a high-speed sailboat, making their goal of
winning clear. When the race started, the US team took the lead right away.(美国队决心夺回奖杯，筹集了大量资金并招募了顶尖的帆船运动员。他们甚至设计了一艘高速帆船，明确了他们的获胜目标。比赛开始时， 美国队立即领先。)”可知，美国队在开始时领先是因为他们有充足的资金、顶尖的帆船运动员和一艘好船。故选 A 项。
5 ．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Meanwhile, the Australian team chose not to adjust their sail and quickly caught up.(与此同时，澳大利亚队选择不调整他们的帆，并迅速赶了上来。)”可知，澳大利亚队没有调整他们的帆。故选 C 项。
答案第 1 页，共 11 页
6 ．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“He said that in an uncertain situation, the US team
shouldn’t have tried to judge the wind direction accurately. Instead, they should have watched the Australian team’s actions. If the Australians didn’t adjust their sail, the US team shouldn’t have
either.(他说，在不确定的情况下，美国队不应该试图准确判断风向。相反， 他们应该观察澳大利亚队的行动。如果澳大利亚队不调整他们的帆， 美国队也不应该调整。)”可知，专家给出的建议是模仿竞争对手的行动。故选 B 项。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章内容， 本文主要讲述了在 1986 年美洲杯帆船赛中，美国队在领先的情况下，由于对风向的错误判断而调整了帆，最终在最后一海里被澳大利亚队超越并输掉了比赛。结合选项可知，B 项“A Race Lost at the Last Mile(在最后一海里输掉的比赛)”最符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选 B 项。
8 ．B 9 ．A 10 ．A 11 ．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。两项研究证实， 周末补觉可降低心脏病等心血管疾病风险，对工作日睡眠不足者保护作用显著，为睡眠不足人群提供心脏健康保障。
8．细节理解题。根据第三段“The protective effect was most dramatic for the 20% of participants classified as sleep-deprived—those getting fewer than seven hours nightly during weekdays. (这种保护作用在 20%被归类为睡眠不足的参与者中最为显著 —— 这些人工作日每晚睡眠不足 7 小时。)”可知，工作日睡眠不足 7 小时的人从周末补觉中获益最多。故选 B 项。
9 ．词句猜测题。根据第四段“A separate NHANES study of 3,400 Americans confirmed these
findings, showing that weekend catch-up sleep duration of more than 2 hours was strongly
associated with reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence when weekday sleep fell below six
hours. (另一项针对 3400 名美国人的 NHANES 研究证实了这些发现，表明当工作日睡眠不 足 6 小时时，周末补觉超过 2 小时与心血管疾病患病 prevalence 的降低密切相关。)” 可知， “周末补觉超过 2 小时”与“reduced cardiovascular disease prevalence”存在“密切相关”的关系，结合前文“降低疾病风险”的核心观点，可推断“reduced prevalence”对应“疾病发生概率降低”。故选 A 项。
10．推理判断题。根据第六段“Dr. Jim Liu from Ohio State University’s Wexner Medical Center explains the mechanism: “Insufficient sleep can increase the risk of developing hypertension,
obesity, arrhythmias, and coronary artery disease. On the other hand, making up for lost sleep can reduce such risks.”(俄亥俄州立大学韦克斯纳医学中心的吉姆 刘博士解释了这一机制：“睡
答案第 2 页，共 11 页
眠不足会增加患高血压、肥胖症、心律失常和冠心病的风险。另一方面，补觉可以降低这些风险。”)”可知，吉姆 刘博士通过解释补觉降低患病风险的机制，支持该研究结果，态度是赞同的。故选 A 项。
11 ．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A 14-year study of over 90,000 adults presented at the European Society of Cardiology Congress has revealed that “catch-up sleep” on weekends can reduce heart
disease risk by up to 20%.(一项为期 14 年、涉及 9 万多名成年人的研究在欧洲心脏病学会大 会上公布，周末“补觉”可以将心脏病风险降低高达 20% 。)”及全文围绕该研究展开的验证、机制解释可知，文章核心是“周末补觉能降低心脏病风险”。故选 D 项。
12 ．C 13 ．B 14 ．B 15 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了休斯顿中学生团队设计的“Agua Prope”净水城市模型，该模型旨在解决水资源短缺和污染问题。还描述了卡拉奇市严重的水问题及其危害， 并说明了该模型的技术特点及面临的挑战，表达了学生对建设净水城市的愿景。
12 ．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Many members on the Houston team have roots in
Karachi, Pakistan largest and most contaminated (被污染的) city, where water shortages and
access to clean water are a constant problem. (休斯顿队的许多成员都来自巴基斯坦最大且污 染最严重的城市卡拉奇，在那里，水资源短缺和获取清洁水是一个持续存在的问题。)”可知，学生们选择关注水问题是因为他们中的许多人来自一个水资源严重短缺的城市。故选 C 项。
13．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中的“Karachi is quite underdeveloped now. Unlike in America, a lot of people are on the streets — they don’t have water to drink or they’re drinking
contaminated water. It’s very hard to even like showers over the day. The government in Karachi says the city supplies only half of the water it needs daily. The consequences of Karachi’s water
problems are heartbreaking. UNICEF reports every year 53 thousand children die of diarrhea (腹 泻) caused by drinking contaminated water. (卡拉奇现在相当落后。与美国不同，很多人都在街上——他们没有水喝，或者喝的是被污染的水。甚至在白天洗澡都很难。卡拉奇政府表示，该市每天的供水量仅为所需水量的一半。卡拉奇水问题的后果令人心碎。联合国儿童基金会报告称，每年有 5.3 万名儿童死于饮用受污染水引起的腹泻。)”可知，第二段主要讲述了卡拉奇和巴基斯坦水问题的严重性。B 选项“The seriousness of water problems in Karachi and
Pakistan.(卡拉奇及巴基斯坦的水资源问题的严重性。)”概括本段主要内容，符合题意。故选B 项。
答案第 3 页，共 11 页
14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“The project Agua Prope is located in Jacksonville Florida, where the main problems are storm surges, hurricanes and floods. (Agua Prope 项目位于佛罗里
达州的杰克逊维尔，那里的主要问题是风暴潮、飓风和洪水。)”可知，杰克逊维尔面临的问题是洪水和飓风。故选 B 项。
15 ．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“This model calls for technology so advanced that it will be decades before it can be put into effect. But the students say they hope one day within the next 50 years their vision of a clean water city will become a reality. (这种模式需要非常先进的技术，要几十年后才能付诸实施。但学生们表示，他们希望在未来 50 年内，他们的清洁水城市愿景能够成为现实。)”可知，模式需要非常先进的技术，要几十年后才能付诸实施，以目前的技术还无法建立 Agua Prope 模型。故选 C 项。
16 ．B 17 ．G 18 ．D 19 ．F 20 ．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西北太平洋地区的动物如何通过多种方式适应冬季的生存挑战。
16 ．由上文“As winter covers the Pacific Northwest in its cold embrace, the season begins in ‘the big dark’, a time when days grow shorter, and nights stretch longer.(当寒冬以它冰冷的怀抱笼罩西北太平洋地区时，这个季节便在‘大黑暗’中拉开了序幕——此时白天变得越来越短，夜晚则变得越来越漫长。) ”以及下文“However, animals in our region have some amazing ways to survive and thrive.(然而，我们这片区域的动物有一些令人惊叹的生存与茁壮成长的方式。)”可知，本空需要先表达人们对动物过冬的普遍看法，再通过转折引出动物的适应能力。B 选项“Many people think winter is tough for wildlife.(很多人认为冬季对野生动物来说很艰难。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“tough”与下文的“amazing ways to survive and thrive”形成转折呼应。故选 B。
17 ．由下文“Mammals like deer and elk grow thicker coats to keep warm. This extra fur (毛) traps heat close to their bodies, helping them survive in freezing temperatures. Birds, on the other hand, fluff up (使蓬松) their feathers.(鹿和麋鹿这类哺乳动物会长出更厚实的皮毛来保暖。这些额外长出的毛发能把热量紧紧锁在身体周围，帮助它们在严寒中存活下来。而鸟类则会使自己的羽毛蓬松起来。)”可知，本段聚焦动物在皮毛和羽毛上的变化。G 选项“One of the most
noticeable changes in animals during winter is in their fur and feathers.(动物在冬季最明显的变化之一是它们的皮毛和羽毛。)”能概括本段内容，符合题意，该选项中“fur and feathers”与下文的“thicker coats”和“feathers”直接呼应。故选 G。
答案第 4 页，共 11 页
18 ．由上文“To cope, many species have developed strategies for foraging and storing food.(为了应对，许多物种进化出了觅食和储存食物的策略。)”以及下文“This behaviour ensures they
have enough to eat when fresh food is hard to find.(这种行为确保它们在新鲜食物难以寻找时
也有足够的食物。)”可知，本空要说明动物储存食物的具体行为。D 选项“Some animals gather and hide food in the fall so they can access it later.(一些动物在秋天收集并隐藏食物，以便之后取用。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“gather and hide food”与上文“storing food”呼应， “in the fall”与下文“when fresh food is hard to find”呼应。故选 D。
19 ．由上文“Wolves are known for their pack behaviour. They form groups to hunt and protect
each other.(狼以其群体行为而闻名。它们组成群体来捕猎和互相保护。)”可知，本空要进一步说明狼群群体捕猎的优势。F 选项“Hunting in packs increases their chances of capturing
larger prey, such as deer.(群体捕猎增加了它们捕获大型猎物（如鹿）的几率。)”能承接上文，符合题意，该选项中“Hunting in packs”与上文“pack behaviour”和“form groups to hunt”相呼应。故选 F。
20 ．由上文“However, some species have adapted to stay active despite the cold. (不过，有些物种已经适应了寒冷环境，依旧保持活跃状态。)”以及下文“They build homes and create
underwater entrances to these structures. This design allows them to access food stored inside,
even when the surface is frozen.(它们建造巢穴，并为这些结构打造水下入口。这种设计让它们即使在水面结冰时也能获取内部储存的食物。)”可知，本空要引出具备这种过冬能力的动物。E 选项“Beavers are remarkable animals that manage to thrive in winter.(河狸是能在冬季茁壮成长的非凡动物。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中“Beavers”指下文“They”所指代的动物，“manage to thrive in winter”与下文“allows them to access food stored inside”相呼应。故选
E。
21 ．C 22 ．D 23 ．B 24 ．D 25 ．B 26 ．B 27 ．A 28 ．C
29 ．C 30 ．A 31 ．A 32 ．D 33 ．A 34 ．C 35 ．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章以失明游泳者梅兰妮横渡英吉利海峡的经历为叙事主线，穿插她的成长背景、挑战克服过程，以及她推动残障人士游泳运动的公益行动。
21 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅兰妮·巴拉特是一位与众不同的游泳者，她凭借无辅助横渡英吉利海峡的壮举被载入世界纪录。A. entered 进入；B. placed 放置；C. made 使；D. broke打破。根据下文的“into the record books(载入世界纪录)”可知，固定搭配“make it into...”表示
答案第 5 页，共 11 页
“成功进入/跻身 ……”，符合她创下纪录的语境。故选 C 项。
22 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是第一位失明女性完成这一壮举。A. deaf 失聪的；B. sighted 有视力的；C. silly 愚蠢的；D. blind 失明的。根据下一段的“Melanie, who was born with congenital toxoplasmosis, leaving her sightless in her left eye and with vision in the other (梅兰妮出生时患有先天性弓形虫病，左眼失明，右眼视力 )”和“British Blind Sport(英国盲人体育协会)”可知，她是“失明的”女性。故选 D 项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 梅兰妮出生时患有先天性弓形虫病，左眼失明，右眼视力有限。A. normal 正常的；B. limited 有限的；C. perfect 完美的；D. outstanding 杰出的。根据上文的“This was the first time a woman had achieved this.”和“sightless in her left eye (左
眼失明)”以及下文“British Blind Sport(英国盲人体育协会)”的可知，她的右眼视力也存在缺陷，是“有限的”。故选 B 项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 作为一名有天赋的青少年，她被英国盲人体育协会发掘，并入选国家游泳队。A. cheated 欺骗；B. fascinated 使着迷；C. criticized 批评；D. spotted 发掘。根据下文的“selected for the national swimming team (入选国家游泳队)”可知，她的天赋被协会 “发掘”。故选 D 项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 她随后 1996 年亚特兰大残奥会和 2000 年悉尼残奥会的游泳项目中赢得多枚奖牌。A. coins 硬币；B. medals 奖牌；C. rewards 奖励；D. elections 选举。根据“at the Atlanta 1996 and Sydney 2000 Paralympics (1996 年亚特兰大残奥会和2000 年悉尼残奥会)”可知，她赢得的是“奖牌”。故选 B 项。
26．考查副词词义辨析。句意： 然而，她曾认为横渡英吉利海峡是不可能的，因为在开阔水域长时间游泳却不知道自己的方向，这是一个巨大的挑战，即使她能应对寒冷和距离。A. Therefore 因此；B. However 然而；C. Otherwise 否则；D.Meanwhile 同时。根据前文她的残奥会成就与后文“thought it impossible (认为不可能)”可知，此处存在转折关系。故选 B 项。
27．考查动词短语辨析。句意： 然而，她曾认为横渡英吉利海峡是不可能的，因为在开阔水域长时间游泳却不知道自己的方向，这是一个巨大的挑战，即使她能应对寒冷和距离。A. deal with 应对；B. suffer from 遭受；C. draw on 利用；D. stand for 代表。根据 even if 引导的让步状语从句和下文的“the cold and the distance (寒冷和距离)”可知，她有能力“应对”这些困难。故选 A 项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 为了克服这个问题，她和丈夫理查德一起在他的皮船旁边练习游泳。A. abandon 放弃；B. transform 改变；C. overcome 克服；D. welcome 欢迎。根据前
答案第 6 页，共 11 页
文“it was a huge challenge to swim for long in open water without knowing where she was
heading (在开阔水域长时间游泳却不知道自己的方向是一个巨大的挑战)”和下文的“she
practised swimming alongside her husband, Richard, in his kayak (她和丈夫理查德一起在他的皮船旁边练习游泳)”可知，她训练肯定是想“克服”这个困难。故选 C 项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：沟通对他们来说是一个难题。A. responsibility 责任；B. pleasure快乐；C. struggle 难题；D. success 成功。根据下文的“My husband couldn’t talk to me while I was swimming and was unable to give me any direction (我游泳时丈夫不能和我说话，也无法给我任何方向指引)”可知，沟通是他们的“难题”。故选 C 项。
30 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我游泳时丈夫不能和我说话，也无法给我任何方向指引。
A. direction 方向；B. command 命令；C. comfort 安慰；D. energy 能量。根据前文的“without knowing where she was heading (不知道她要去哪里)”可知，丈夫无法给她“方向”指引。故选 A项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 幸运的是，他们找到了一个解决方案——一套连接骨传导耳机的无线电台系统，让理查德在她游泳时能引导她。A. solution 解决方案；B. chance 机会； C. plan 计划；D. sound 声音。根据下文的“a wireless radio system that connected to bone
conducting headphones (一套连接骨传导耳机的无线电台系统)”可知，这是解决沟通问题的“方案”。故选 A 项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 幸运的是，他们找到了一个解决方案——一套连接骨传导耳机的无线电台系统，让理查德在她游泳时能引导她。A. teach 教；B. follow 跟随；C. accompany陪伴；D. guide 引导。根据前文“without knowing where she was heading (不知道她要去哪里)”可知，这套系统能让丈夫“引导”她的方向。故选 D 项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意： 为了更好地准备，当她不能在开阔水域练习时，她甚至在花园里放了一桶冷水，帮助自己增强对低温的耐受力。A. preparations 准备；B. reaction 反应； C. senses 感官；D. patience 耐心。根据下文的“help build her tolerance to the temperature (帮助自己增强对低温的耐受力)”可知，这是为横渡做“准备”。故选 A 项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 接受这个挑战不仅是为了她自己的乐趣，也是为了让视力受损的人更容易接触到这项运动。A. challenging 有挑战性的；B. appropriate 合适的；C.
accessible 易接近的；易接触的；D. affordable 负担得起的。根据下文的“Melanie has started up a Facebook group ‘Blind Swim Buddies ’ (梅兰妮创建了一个名为“盲人游泳伙伴”的 Facebook群组)”可知，她想让失明人士更“易接触”游泳运动。故选 C 项。
答案第 7 页，共 11 页
35 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：梅兰妮创建了一个名为“盲人游泳伙伴”的 Facebook 群组，越来越多的人注册为志愿者，并说明他们从事的水上活动类型。A. eye 眼睛；B. school 学校； C. space 空间；D. water 水。根据“swim (游泳)”可知，这里指“水上”活动。故选 D 项。
36 ．locals 37 ．decorated 38 ．to hit 39 ．dancing 40 ．was recognized
41 ．began 42 ．which 43 ．to 44 ．ignorance 45 ．a
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了江苏省泗洪县的非物质文化遗产 —— 钱杆舞，包括钱杆的制作材料、舞蹈表演形式， 还讲述了钱杆舞协会会长胡波传承该文化的经历，以及当前钱杆舞面临的传承困境与保护措施。
36．考查名词复数。句意： 然而，对于江苏省泗洪县的当地人来说，钱杆舞才是最能代表他们文化身份的传统。“local”作名词时表示“当地人”，为可数名词，此处指泗洪县的众多当地人，应用复数形式 locals。故填 locals。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意： 钱杆是用竹子或木头制成的棍子，通常装饰有铜钱、铃铛和彩带。句中已有谓语动词“is”且空前无其它连词，所以此处应用 decorate 的非谓语动词形式，因其与被修饰的名词“a stick”之间为被动关系，即棍子被装饰，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填 decorated。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意： 钱杆舞表演者会随着当地民间音乐的节奏跳舞，同时用钱杆轻轻击打自己的肩膀、腰部、腿部和其他身体部位。根据语意可知，“使用钱杆”的目的是“击打身体部位”，应用 hit 的动词不定式作目的状语。故填 to hit。
39 ．考查省略表达。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，while 引导的为状语从句，从句的主语与主句的主语一致，所以可省略从句的主语和 be 动词，其完整形式为：while (Qiangan Dance performers are) dancing to the rhythm of local folk music。故填 dancing。
40 ．考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：由于其文化重要性，钱杆舞于 2023 年被认定为江苏省非物质文化遗产。根据时间状语“in 2023”和语境可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时；主语“Qiangan Dance”与“recognize”之间为被动关系，即被认定，应用被动语态，且主语为单数，be 动词应用 was。故填 was recognized。
41．考查时态。句意： 他小时候就开始学习这种舞蹈，并且已经练习了几十年。根据时间状语“as a child”和语境可知，“开始学习”是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，begin 用过去式。故填 began。
42．考查定语从句。句意： 泗洪县位于淮河沿岸，淮河是中国南北方的分界线。此处引导非
答案第 8 页，共 11 页
限制性定语从句，先行词是“the Huaihe River”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用 which来引导。故填 which。
43．考查介词。句意： 胡波回忆道，尽管具有文化价值，但钱杆舞在一定程度上面临着被遗忘的风险。“to a certain extent”为固定短语，意为“在一定程度上”。故填 to。
44．考查名词。句意： 为了对抗这种文化上的无知，胡波组建了一支训练队。根据空格前的“this cultural”可知，此处应用 ignore 的名词形式 ignorance 作宾语，为不可数名词，表“忽视”的抽象概念。故填 ignorance。
45．考查冠词。句意： 胡波还在网上分享表演视频，吸引了不少爱好者，这些爱好者激励着他“把钱杆舞带上更大的舞台” 。“stage”为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个更大的舞台”，且“bigger”以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a 修饰。故填 a。
46 ． My Favourite Character
As part of the school reading festival, I would like to share with you my favourite character from Jane Eyre, a timeless novel by Charlotte Bront . It tells the story of a brave and independent woman who pursues equality and true love.
My favourite character is Jane herself. Despite facing hardships and loneliness, she never gives up. Her resilience and self-respect deeply inspire me. She teaches me that no matter what difficulties we encounter, we should always hold on to our dignity and dreams bravely.
I do really admire her and her spirits that influence my whole life.
【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生就学校读书节外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动写一篇英语短文投稿，主题为“My Favourite Character”。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
勇敢的：brave→courageous/valorous
追求：pursue→chase/go after
激励：inspire→fuel/stimulate
影响：influence→have an influence on/have an impact on
2.句式拓展：
单句变复杂句：
原句：Despite facing hardships and loneliness, she never gives up. Her resilience and self-respect deeply inspire me.
拓展句：Despite facing hardships and loneliness, she never gives up, whose resilience and
答案第 9 页，共 11 页
self-respect deeply inspire me.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】It tells the story of a brave and independent woman who pursues equality and true love.(运用了 who 引导定语从句。)
【高分句型 2】She teaches me that no matter what difficulties we encounter, we should always hold on to our dignity and dreams bravely.(运用了 that 引导宾语从句和“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句。)
47 ．参考答案
“It’s yours, Miss White,” he whispered, looking away shyly. I froze for a moment, all those little moments with Lucas rushing back to me: the recess when he stood quietly by my side and
slipped his small hand into mine for comfort. It turned out that Lucas was most thankful for my
hand, the hand that had comforted him and shown him that he wasn’t alone. Tears welled up in my eyes. I was so moved. I never realized my casual daily care could be such warm light for this
lonely little boy.
During storytime, I let him turn the pages as I read. When he slipped his hand into mine, I gave it a gentle squeeze. His eyes met mine, and for the first time, I saw not sadness, but
happiness. After that, I encouraged him to play with peers. Little by little, soft smiles appeared on Lucas’s face more often, and he even began to join his classmates’ games during recess. I finally understood that the true meaning of Thanksgiving lies in the small kindness we give without
expectation, which can warm a person’s whole world.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开， 感恩节快到了，作者给学生们布置了一个作业——画一幅与感恩有关的画。所有孩子都是画与节日有关联的象征， 除了 Lucas，他画的是一只手。在课堂分享作品时，大家都对 Lucas 画的手感到好奇。最后 Lucas 说这是作者的手，因为在许多课间休息感到悲伤和孤独的时刻，作者的手都牵着他。
【详解】1. 续写线索：
①由续写第一段首句““这是你的，White 小姐，”他轻声说，害羞地扭过头去。”可知，第一段可描写作者在得知是自己的手之后的反应。
②由续写第二段首句“在读故事的时候，我让他在我读的时候翻页。”可知，第二段可描写作者对 Lucas 的具体帮助，Lucas 发生的积极变化以及作者的感悟。
2. 段落续写：
询问是谁的手——回忆涌上心头——感动地热泪盈眶——帮助和鼓励——Lucas 发生积极变
答案第 10 页，共 11 页
化——感悟
3. 词汇激活：行为类
①安慰：comfort/console
②涌出：well up/spring up/gush out
③意识到：realize/recognize
④出现：appear/come out情绪类
①感谢的：thankful/grateful
②感动的：moved/touched
【点睛】【高分句型 1】I froze for a moment, all those little moments with Lucas rushing back to me: the recess when he stood quietly by my side and slipped his small hand into mine for
comfort.(使用了独立主格结构、when 引导定语从句)
【高分句型 2】I finally understood that the true meaning of Thanksgiving lies in the small
kindness we give without expectation, which can warm a person’s whole world. (使用了 that 引导宾语从句、省略关系词的定语从句、which 引导非限制性定语从句)
答案第 11 页，共 11 页
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