2026年英语中考复习-定语从句讲义及练习（无答案）

定语从句
一、什么是定语从句？
用一句话总结：用一个句子来修饰一个名词或代词，相当于一个“形容词”，翻译为“……的”。
- 简单表达：a tall boy (一个高的男孩)
- 定语从句：the boy who is tall (那个高的男孩)
二、3个核心概念
1. 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词（上面例句中的 boy ）。
2. 关系词：连接主句和从句的词（上面例句中的 who ）。
3. 定语从句：紧跟在先行词后面的完整句子（上面例句中的 who is tall ）。
三、最核心的三个关系词
关系词 指代对象 例句
who 人 The girl who is smiling is my sister. (正在微笑的女孩是我姐姐。)
which 物 The book which is on the desk is mine. (桌子上的书是我的。)
that 人或物 The man that you met is my teacher. (你见过的那个男人是我的老师。) The pen that I bought is blue. (我买的那支笔是蓝色的。)
四、一个重要规则：关系词作宾语时可省略
当关系词在从句中作动词或介词的宾语时，可以省略。
例句：
- 可省略：This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday. (这是我昨天买的书。)
- 可省略：The girl (who/whom/that) you saw is my friend. (你看到的那个女孩是我的朋友。)
小练习
一、用所给关系词（who / which / that）填空。
1. The man ____________ is talking to my father is my teacher.
2. The book ____________ I bought yesterday is very interesting.
3. The girl ____________ has long hair is my cousin.
4. This is the pen ____________ I lost last week.
5. The dog ____________ is sleeping under the tree is mine.
6. The students ____________ are cleaning the classroom are diligent.
7. The movie ____________ we watched last night was exciting.
8. The boy ____________ is wearing a blue T-shirt is my classmate.
二、单项选择。
1. — Do you know the man ____ is standing there
— Yes, he is our headmaster.
A. who B. which C. what
2. This is the best movie ____ I have ever seen.
A. which B. that C. who
3. The bike ____ my mother bought for me is very beautiful.
A. who B. which C. whom
4. I don’t like people ____ are always late.
A. who B. which C. whose
5. The story ____ he told us made us laugh.
A. who B. which C. whom
三、将两个句子合并为一个含定语从句的句子。
1. The girl is my sister. She is wearing a red dress.
→ The girl ____________________________________________________ is my sister.
2. The book is mine. It is on the desk.
→ The book _______________________________________________________ is mine.
3. The man is my uncle. He is reading a newspaper.
→ The man __________________________________________________ is my uncle.
4. The pen is broken. I bought it yesterday.
→ The pen __________________________________________________ is broken.
参考答案
一、
1. who / that
2. which / that
3. who / that
4. which / that
5. which / that
6. who / that
7. which / that
8. who / that
二、
1. A
2. B（先行词被最高级 best 修饰，优先用 that）
3. B
4. A
5. B
三、
1. who / that is wearing a red dress
2. which / that is on the desk
3. who / that is reading a newspaper
4. which / that I bought yesterday