中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Section A Grammar Focus(4a-4b)语言点精讲精练
I．语言点精讲
1. Although people might hurt you sometimes, it doesn’t always mean that they did it on purpose. 尽管有时可能会有人伤害你，但这并不总是意味着他们是故意这么做的。
purpose n. 目的；意图
We started the club with a good purpose. 我们创办这个俱乐部有着美好的初衷。
on purpose 故意；有意地
She didn’t break the vase by accident — she did it on purpose.
她不是不小心打碎花瓶的，她是故意的。
the purpose of... ……的目的
The purpose of learning English is to communicate with more people.
学习英语的目的是和更多的人交流。
2.Next, share your problems with someone you trust instead of shutting yourself away. 接下来，与你信任的人分享你的问题，而不是封闭自己。
shut v. 关闭；合上；住嘴 过去式和过去分词均为 shut。
shut sb. /sth. away把……关/藏起来；隔离
My mother shut the old photos away in a wooden box. 我妈妈把旧照片藏进了一个木箱子里。
shut down 停业；倒闭；关闭
Remember to shut down your computer before you leave the computer room.
离开机房前记得关闭电脑。
shut up 闭嘴
Please shut up and listen to what I have to say. 请闭嘴，听我把话说完。
3. Lastly, remember to take care of yourself. 最后，记得照顾好自己。
lastly / l stli/ adv.最后一点，最后
常用搭配：first... second... next... lastly... 首先…其次…接下来…最后…
辨析：lastly 和 finally 常可互换; 但 lastly 更常用于列举要点，finally 更强调“经过长时间后终于”; 在演讲或列出建议时常用lastly
例句一：Peter gave Leo some advice: first, calm down; second, talk to Jim; lastly, be honest about your feelings.（Peter给Leo一些建议：首先，冷静下来；其次，和Jim谈谈；最后，诚实地表达你的感受。）
例句二：Lastly, remember that true friends always forgive each other in the end.（最后一点，记住真正的朋友最终总会互相原谅。）
at last 终于
强调经过很长一段时间，尤其是经过困难或耽搁之后的事。
我们终于到达了山顶。 We reached the summit at last.
You should eat healthy food, get plenty of sleep...
你应该吃健康的食物，保证充足的睡眠……
plenty / plenti/ pron./n.大量，充足
常用搭配：plenty of + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词 大量的…
辨析：plenty of 用于肯定句，表示“足够且更多”; 疑问句和否定句常用 enough 或 much/many; 注意不能说 plenty money 或 plenty books，必须加 of
例句一：Leo and Jim have plenty of happy memories together. One argument won't break them.（Leo和Jim在一起有大量快乐的回忆。一次争吵不会拆散他们。）
例句二：Don't worry. There is plenty of time to say sorry and make things right.（别担心。还有足够的时间去道歉和弥补。）
II．语言点精练
一、单词默写。
1. _______ / p p s/ n. 目的；意图 2. ________ / p l d a z/ v. 道歉
3. __________ / t/ v. 关闭；合上；住嘴 4. ________ / lɑ stli/ adv. 最后
5. __________ / plenti/ pron. 充足；丰富；大量
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The doctor saw everything in the hospital and he was ________ (deep) moved by the nurse.
2. Dogs can provide humans with plenty of ________ (emotion) value.
3. The people ran to the field. There was no wolf. The people were ________ (anger).
4. A sense of belonging can help you to fight the feeling of ________(lonely).
5. Last Saturday, there was a ________ (scare) movie on TV.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子。
1. If you feel stressed, you should __________ __________ a person you trust.
如果你感到有压力，你应该和一个你信任的人谈谈。
2. You won’t solve the problem __________ you __________.
直到你尝试，你才会解决这个问题。
3. __________ she said something hurtful, she didn’t __________ __________ your feelings.
虽然她说了一些伤人的话，但她不是故意要伤害你的感情。
4. You should talk about your feelings __________ __________ can understand you.
你应该谈谈你的感受，以便别人能理解你。
5. __________ you apologize, your friend will __________ forgive you.
如果你道歉，你的朋友很可能会原谅你。
6. You might not feel happy __________ you learn to __________ __________.
直到你学会感恩，你可能才会感到快乐。
7. __________ it’s difficult, try to __________ __________ in her shoes.
虽然这很难，但要试着设身处地为她着想。
8. Write down your worries __________ __________ won’t think about them all the time.
写下你的烦恼，这样你就不会一直想着它们。
四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
1. If you argue with someone, you should a________ later.
2. Don’t s________ yourself away when you feel sad.
3. You should eat p________ of vegetables and fruit.
4. L________, remember to get enough sleep.
5. He hurt my feelings on p________.
6. You won’t understand her u________ you listen to her side of the story.
7. Write a letter to your friend s________ that he knows you miss him.
8. A________ it’s raining, we still decide to go out.
五、完形填空
Growing up is not always easy. We face changes, challenges, and all kinds of 1 . Sometimes, we feel on top of the world, but other times we feel blue. It’s important to learn 2 to understand and manage our feelings.
Last week, I had a big 3 with my best friend, Lily. We both said some 4 things to each other. After that, I felt very 5 and lonely. I didn’t want to talk to anyone. My mom noticed something was wrong. She sat down with me and said, “Sweetie, you need to 6 with Lily. Until you talk to her, she might not know how you feel.”
My mom’s words made me think. I realized that avoiding the problem wouldn’t help. 7 I was still a bit upset, I decided to write Lily a letter 8 I could get my message across clearly. In the letter, I explained my feelings and 9 for my part in the argument. The next day, Lily came to my house. She also apologized and said she felt 10 for what she said. We talked for a long time and finally 11 . We promised to be more careful with our words in the future and never let a small fight 12 our friendship.
After that day, we spent more time together and shared our joys and 13 often. From this experience, I learned that communication is the key to 14 problems. Keeping feelings inside only makes things worse. Being honest and kind to each other is the best way to 15 a strong friendship.
1．A．emotions B．meals C．books D．toys
2．A．what B．how C．when D．where
3．A．fight B．trip C．exam D．show
4．A．hurtful B．helpful C．colorful D．careful
5．A．upset B．happy C．tired D．hungry
6．A．deal B．sing C．dance D．draw
7．A．So B．If C．Although D．Because
8．A．but B．so that C．since D．while
9．A．apologized B．thanked C．waited D．looked
10．A．glad B．sorry C．busy D．bored
11．A．made up B．gave up C．woke up D．stayed up
12．A．protect B．build C．break D．keep
13．A．fruits B．worries C．noises D．rules
14．A．solving B．creating C．forgetting D．making
15．A．lose B．end C．find D．keep
六、六选五。
From time to time, you may suffer from being overwhelmed (难以承受的). You may feel disappointed, sad, hurt or even helpless. 1 Here is some advice to help you.
Know your feelings. It can be hard sometimes to find the right words to express how you’re feeling. 2 The Feelings Wheel can help. Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel, and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the centre. This can help you get clear about what you’re feeling.
Accept how you feel. It is okay to feel lonely; it is okay to feel nervous; and it is okay to feel as if the world is going to end. 3 There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way. Many of us do too, at different points in our lives.
Make a list. Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do. 4 Perhaps there is too much to study, or you may have a long to-do list when organising a birthday party. Write down the things that need to get done. 5 Then, list the tasks in order of importance or urgency (紧迫性). You will feel calmer when you finish the list— you would have control over the tasks and yourself!
Learning to manage overwhelming feelings takes time and practice. Be in touch with yourself. Learn what works best for you. You only have one YOU!
A．Start from the inside and move out.
B．It can make you feel more stressed and tired.
C．Dealing with such feelings doesn’t come easy.
D．It is quite natural when humans are facing stress.
E．This simple step can help you sort out your thoughts.
F．Don’t keep all your feelings inside; it’s not good for your mind.
七、选词填空 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
be problem pressure can quiet everyone know health plan (v.) you
Today, the world is developing really fast. It is full of many competitions. To try to meet 1 needs, young people have to do lots of things until it becomes harder and harder to stand. As a result, young people are under great 2 .
How to deal with stress Everyone 3 that caffeine (咖啡因) keeps you active and clear. But caffeine is something that can be addictive. In the end, caffeine only causes more stress. There 4 better ways to deal with stress. Exercise is a good way, because it 5 make you calm down (平静). You have to get enough sleep to stay away from stress and to keep 6 . Another way to deal with stress is to 7 your time properly. Know your limits and try not to do more things than you could stand. Finally, if something pushes you to be crazy, don’t be nervous or get worried. Find time to sit down 8 for ten to twenty minutes. It will help you calm down.
Stress is one of the common 9 in today’s life. If you allow stress to continue, it will put you at great risks both in body and mind. So find 10 own ways to stop too much stress.
*The word “addictive” means making people unable to stop taking sth.
八、阅读理解
The film Inside Out tells us a new way to understand people’s emotions. The story starts with an 11-year-old girl named Riley. Her mind has five key emotions: Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, and Disgust. Each emotion has a special role in shaping Riley’s thoughts and actions. Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy, while Sadness often feels overlooked. However, when Riley’s family moves to a new city, her emotions try to get used to the new environment.
One day, Joy and Sadness accidentally (意外地) get lost in Riley’s long-term memory. Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently. She becomes easy to be angry, keeps away from her parents, and even thinks about running away.
At the same time, Joy realizes that Sadness plays an important role—helping Riley face difficult changes. In the end, the two emotions work together to get balance back in Riley’s mind.
The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth. By accepting sadness, Riley learns to get along with difficulties and rebuilds (重建) stronger relationships. Inside Out teaches us that emotional balance is key to happiness.
1．What is Joy’s main role in Riley’s mind
A．To make Riley afraid of new things.
B．To keep Riley happy and energetic.
C．To help Riley dislike unpleasant food.
D．To be the boss of all the other emotions.
2．What’s the result when Joy and Sadness are lost
A．Riley becomes very joyful.
B．Riley acts the same as usual.
C．Riley’s memories go away.
D．Riley starts to act differently.
3．What does the underlined word “ones” refer to
A．Riley’s parents.
B．Emotions like Sadness.
C．Long-term memories.
D．Joy and Sadness.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．The Science of Emotions in Inside Out.
B．How to Control Anger and Fear.
C．Riley’s Journey to a New City.
D．Why Joy Is Better Than Sadness.
II. 语言点精练参考答案
一、单词默写
【答案】1. purpose; 2. apologise / apologize; 3. shut; 4. lastly; 5. plenty
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空
【答案】1. deeply 2. emotional 3. angry 4. loneliness 5. scary
三、根据汉语意思完成句子
【答案】1. talk to；2. until, try；3. Although, mean to hurt；4. so that, others；5. If, probably
6. until, be grateful ；7. Although, put yourself；8. so that, you
四、请根据所给的首字母写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
【答案】1. apologize；2. shut；3. plenty；4. Lastly；5. purpose；6. until；7. so；8. Although
五、完形填空
【答案】【导语】本文主要讲述了“我”和好友Lily发生争执后，在妈妈的建议下通过沟通和解的经历，明白了交流对维系友谊的重要性。
1．句意：我们会面对变化、挑战，还有各种各样的情绪。
emotions情绪；meals餐食；books书籍；toys玩具。根据后文“understand and manage our feelings”可知，此处对应的是“情绪”。故选A。
2．句意：学会如何理解和管理自己的情绪是很重要的。
what什么；how如何；when何时；where哪里。根据“to understand and manage our feelings”可知，此处是说“如何”做到理解和管理情绪，“how”表示方式。故选B。
3．句意：上周，我和最好的朋友Lily大吵了一架。
fight争执；trip旅行；exam考试；show表演。根据后文“for my part in the argument”可知，此处是指和朋友发生了“争执”。故选A。
4．句意：我们都对对方说了一些伤人的话。
hurtful伤人的；helpful有帮助的；colorful多彩的；careful仔细的。根据后文“apologized”可知，两人说了“伤人的”话才需要道歉。故选A。
5．句意：在那之后，我感到非常沮丧和孤独。
upset沮丧的；happy开心的；tired疲惫的；hungry饥饿的。根据“lonely”及和朋友吵架的背景，此处是说心情“沮丧的”。故选A。
6．句意：你需要和Lily处理一下你们之间的问题。
deal处理；sing唱歌；dance跳舞；draw画画。根据“Until you talk to her, she might not know how you feel”可知，妈妈建议“我”和Lily“处理”。故选A。
7．句意：虽然我还是有点难过，但我决定给Lily写一封信，这样我就能把想法清楚地传达给她。
So所以；If如果；Although虽然；Because因为。根据“I was still a bit upset, I decided to write Lily a letter”可知，前后是让步关系，“Although”表“虽然”。故选C。
8．句意：虽然我还是有点难过，但我决定给Lily写一封信，这样我就能把想法清楚地传达给她。
but但是；so that以便；since自从；while当……时。根据“write Lily a letter…I could get my message across clearly”可知，写信的目的是清楚传达想法，“so that”表示目的。故选B。
9．句意：在信里，我解释了自己的感受，并为争执中自己的过错道歉。
apologized道歉；thanked感谢；waited等待；looked看。根据“for my part in the argument”可知，此处是为自己的过错“道歉”。故选A。
10．句意：她也道歉了，说为自己说的话感到抱歉。
glad开心的；sorry抱歉的；busy忙碌的；bored无聊的。根据“apologized”可知，她为自己的话感到“抱歉”。故选B。
11．句意：我们聊了很久，最终和好了。
made up和好；gave up放弃；woke up醒来；stayed up熬夜。根据两人互相道歉的情节，此处是指“和好”。故选A。
12．句意：我们承诺以后说话会更谨慎，绝不会让一次小争执破坏我们的友谊。
protect保护；build建立；break破坏；keep保持。根据“a small fight…our friendship”可知，争执可能“破坏”友谊。故选C。
13．句意：从那天起，我们花更多时间待在一起，经常分享喜悦和烦恼。
fruits水果；worries烦恼；noises噪音；rules规则。根据“joys and…”可知，此处是和“喜悦”对应的“烦恼”。故选B。
14．句意：从这次经历中，我明白了沟通是解决问题的关键。
solving解决；creating创造；forgetting忘记；making制造。根据“communication is the key to…problems”可知，沟通能“解决”问题。故选A。
15．句意：彼此真诚友善是维系牢固友谊的最佳方式。
lose失去；end结束；find找到；keep维系。根据“a strong friendship”可知，此处是说“维系”友谊。故选D。
六、六选五
【答案】【导语】本文介绍了应对“难以承受的情绪”的方法，帮助大家梳理情绪、缓解压力。
1．根据前文描述的负面情绪，以及后文“Here is some advice to help you”可知，这里是说处理这类情绪并不容易，选项C“处理这类情绪并非易事”符合语境。故选C。
2．根据“The Feelings Wheel can help…Recognise your primary feeling in the middle of the wheel, and then see what other feelings this connects with as you look outwards from the centre”可知，这里对应“从中心向外看”的操作，选项A“从内部开始，向外延伸”符合语境。故选A。
3．根据“It is okay to feel lonely…There’s nothing wrong with you feeling this way”可知，这里是说面对压力时有这些情绪是自然的，选项D“人类面对压力时出现这种情况是很自然的”符合语境。故选D。
4．根据“Sometimes you may feel overwhelmed when you have too many things to do”可知，这里是说过多事务会让人更焦虑，选项B“这会让你感觉有压力和疲惫”符合题意。故选B。
5．根据“Write down the things that need to get done…Then, list the tasks in order of importance or urgency”可知，这里是说列清单这个步骤能帮你梳理思路，选项E“这个简单的步骤可以帮你理清思绪”符合语境。故选E。
七、选词填空
【答案】
1．everyone’s 2．pressure 3．knows 4．are 5．can 6．healthy 7．plan 8．quietly 9．problems 10．your
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了如何应对压力问题。
1．句意：为了满足每个人的需求，年轻人不得不做很多事情，直到越来越难以承受。根据“meet…needs”及备选词汇可知此处是满足每个人的需求，修饰名词needs用所有格everyone’s“每个人的”。故填everyone’s。
2．句意：结果年轻人处于巨大的压力之下。根据“under great”及备选词汇可知年轻人处于巨大的压力之下，under great pressure表示“处于巨大的压力之下”，故填pressure。
3．句意：每个人都知道咖啡因可以让你保持活力和清醒。根据“Everyone… that caffeine (咖啡因) keeps you active and clear”及备选词汇可知每个人都知道咖啡因可以让你保持活力和清醒，know“知道”，句子用一般现在时，主语为Everyone，动词用单三，故填knows。
4．句意：有更好的方法来应对压力。根据“There…better ways”及备选词汇可知为there be句型，句子用一般现在时，主语ways为复数，be动词用are，故填are。
5．句意：运动是个好办法，因为它能让你平静下来。根据“it…make you calm down”及备选词汇可知运动能让你平静下来，情态动词can表示“能够”，故填can。
6．句意：你必须有足够的睡眠来远离压力，保持健康。根据“to keep…”及备选词汇可知要有足够的睡眠来保持健康，keep后接形容词healthy表示“健康的”，作表语。故填healthy。
7．句意：另一个应对压力的方法是合理计划时间。根据“to…your time properly”及备选词汇可知是合理计划时间，plan“计划”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填plan。
8．句意：找时间安静地坐上十到二十分钟。根据“sit down…for ten to twenty minutes”及备选词汇可知是安静地坐上十到二十分钟，副词quietly修饰动词sit，表示“安静地”，故填quietly。
9．句意：压力是当今生活中常见的问题之一。根据“Stress is one of the common”及备选词汇可知压力是常见的问题之一，problem表示“问题”，one of后加名词复数，故填problems。
10．句意：因此找到你自己的方法来缓解过多压力。根据“find…own ways”及备选词汇可知是找到你自己的方法，形容词性物主代词your修饰own，表示“你自己的”，故填your。
八、阅读理解
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A
【导语】本文通过电影《头脑特工队》讲述了所有情绪（包括负面情绪）在人的心理成长中都很重要，情绪平衡是幸福的关键。
1．细节理解题。根据“Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy…”可知，Joy的主要作用是让Riley开心。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently.”可知，Joy和Sadness消失后，Riley的行为变得不同。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth.”可知，ones指的是前面提到的emotions，尤其是像Sadness这样的负面情绪。故选B。
4．最佳标题题。根据“The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍《头脑特工队》中关于情绪的科学与重要性。故选A。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
