河北省邯郸市2026届高三下学期第一次模拟检测英语试卷（含答案）
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| 名称 | 河北省邯郸市2026届高三下学期第一次模拟检测英语试卷（含答案） |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-23 00:00:00 | ||
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河北邯郸市2026届高三第一次模拟检测英语试题
一、阅读理解
Escape to nature with four distinct mountain resorts (度假胜地). Each offers a unique blend of year-round outdoor adventure and scenic beauty.Massanutten Resort
It is home to all kinds of facilities. Guests can enjoy indoor and outdoor water parks, as well as mountain bike trails (小路) and escape room games. What’s more, visitors can enjoy skiing, snow tubing and snowboarding every winter. You can choose from a variety of accommodation on the mountain or in the valley.Big Sky Resort
Big Sky Resort, which sits about 60 miles northwest of Yellowstone National Park, attracts skiers with its 400 inches of average annual snowfall that blankets its 5,850 skiable acres. This Montana ski resort prides itself on short lift lines and high-tech chairlifts (缆椅), including an eight-seat lift with heated seats and weatherproof covers.Deer Valley Resort
Deer Valley Resort is located in the Wasatch Mountains of Park City, a ski-perfect resort covering nine peaks. During the warmer months, visitors can go mountain biking, listen to live music at the Snow Park Outdoor Amphitheater or explore the area on e in the winter, Deer Valley becomes a snow-filled playground ideal for skiing, snowmobiling and even dog-sledding.Suncadia Resort
Set on more than 6,000 forested acres approximately 85 miles southeast of Seattle, Suncadia Resort offers a wealth of outdoor activities including cross-country skiing, ice skating, biking and horseback riding. This resort in Washington state features 40-plus miles of hiking and biking trails and 36 holes of golf.
1．Which resort should visitors choose for water activities
A．Massanutten Resort. B．Big Sky Resort. C．Deer Valley Resort. D．Suncadia Resort.
2．What are the advantages of Big Sky Resort
A．Its nice country landscapes. B．Its efficient and modern lifts.
C．Its diverse indoor activities. D．Its convenient biking trails.
3．What do the four resorts have in common
A．They are ideal spots for golf games. B．They are wonderful sites for horse riding.
C．They are excellent destinations for skiing. D．They are resorts with varied accommodation.
Plastic pollution has long threatened the beaches and rich sea life of Lamu, slowly damaging fishing grounds, tourism, and the ecosystem. Among the piles of bottles, nets, and abandoned boats, one man chose to act rather than look away.
Mansoor Athman, a 47-year-old resident of Mkomani, has spent much of his life on the Indian Ocean. In 2009, troubled by the growing tide of plastic waste covering the shoreline, he began collecting waste jerrycans, bottles, and nets from beaches and shallow waters. What started as a single effort soon turned into an extraordinary vision. Using raw plastic waste, Mansoor built a floating house and boats stayed near the Lamu Island Forest Office, proving that rubbish could be transformed into something useful.
The floating home, made from over 1,000 jerrycans, has become both his shelter and his workshop. Living on the water allows him to interact daily with fishermen and sea users, and share his message about protecting the ocean, noting that plastics not only enmesh sea life or prevent their digestive systems from functioning normally, but also carry harmful substances to higher-level creatures, eventually endangering the balance of the whole ocean’s ecosystems. At first, his routine of walking around beaches with a bag of plastic caused people to laugh at him. Some people thought he was mad or homeless. Yet his persistence (坚持) slowly replaced doubt with respect.
Mansoor’s mission once strained (使受到压力) his family life, but today his wife Fatma Omar and their three children fully support him. They understand that his nights spent at sea serve a greater purpose. Locals now bring plastic waste directly to him, confident that it will never return to the ocean.
Though Mansoor is limited to a primary education, his creativity is endless. Inspired by his late father, a ship engineer, he believes innovation can rise even from hardship. His floating home stands as a quiet but powerful reminder that change often begins with one person showing great determination.
4．What first motivated Mansoor to collect plastic waste
A．A government program about plastic waste. B．His family’s encouragement to recycle plastics.
C．His interest in building floating plastic houses. D．The trouble caused by the ocean plastic pollution.
5．What does the underlined word “enmesh” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Trap. B．Defend. C．Ignore. D．Adapt.
6．What was people’s attitude towards Mansoor’s acts in the end
A．Doubtful. B．Unconcerned. C．Curious. D．Supportive.
7．What does Mansoor’s story mainly show
A．A determined person can fuel change.
B．Formal education is necessary for success.
C．Plastic houses are excellent in some aspects.
D．Government policies are the ideal solution to pollution.
Scientists have discovered six species of cushion (垫) plants growing at a record-breaking height on Mount Shukule Ⅱ in the Ladakh region of India. These plants were found on a small, rocky area no larger than a football field, and they are more resistant to cold and dry conditions than most plants.
The research team, led by Jiri Dolezal from the Czech Academy of Sciences, studied how plants respond to climate warming in this remote area. Reaching the site required a five-day journey from the nearest road, and the scientists suffered from sickness and extreme tiredness.
In contrast, the plants themselves were well adapted to the cold and dry environment. Each plant was very small, about the size of a coin, and contained a high amount of sugar that acted like natural antifreeze. Their leaves grew in a circular shape, helping them trap warm air and survive long, freezing winters. Although their roots were tiny, one root showed about 20 growth rings, suggesting that the plant had survived there for nearly two decades.
Climate change has warmed the Himalayas, allowing plants to grow higher as glaciers (冰川) retreat. Dolezal estimates that during the short growing season, temperatures in this area have risen by about 6℃ over the past decade. Plants need at least 40 frost-free days each year to grow, and such conditions are now appearing in the Himalayas.
“I’m surprised at the elevation — it’s very high,” says Jan Salick, a botanist at Missouri Botanical Garden in St Louis. But she is encouraged that plants may be able to move to higher altitudes than previously thought, and keep up with climate change.
As part of the research, she has found alpine (高山的) plants in the Himalayas moving upwards at 0.06 metres a year, while the temperature band they usually occupy is outpacing them by rising at 6 metres a year. The fear is that the temperature increase is encouraging the tree line to rise too, which could reduce the space available for alpine plants.
8．What is a feature of the cushion plants
A．They depend on the fairly fertile soil. B．They spread widely across the mountain.
C．They can tolerate cold and dryness. D．They grow faster than other alpine plants.
9．What does the author intend to illustrate about the cushion plants in paragraph 3
A．How scientists discovered their habitat. B．How they survive in the tough conditions.
C．How climate change impacts their distribution. D．How they pose a threat to local species.
10．Why are plants likely to grow even higher in the Himalayas
A．Seeds are spreading more easily.
B．Mountain soils are becoming richer.
C．Their frost-free growing periods are extending.
D．Glaciers at the height are appearing in large numbers.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．Climate Change Helps Plants Grow Higher
B．Record-breaking Plants Were Found in the Himalayas
C．Cushion Plants Are the Most Resistant Plants in the World
D．Alpine Plants Face a Serious Survival Problem in the Himalayas
When humans search for food — whether by gathering, hunting or fishing — they rely not only on personal experience but also on information gained from observing others. A large-scale field study has explored how social information shapes such decisions, using ice-fishing competitions in Finland as a natural research setting.
The study, published in Science, was conducted by an international research team that observed 74 experienced ice fishers during competitions in eastern Finland. Using GPS watches and wearable cameras, the researchers recorded more than 16,000 decisions across 477 fishing trips on ten lakes, tracking where the participants chose to fish and when they decided to move on.
Based on these detailed movement and contextual data, the scientists developed computational models to uncover the decision-making strategies behind the fishers’ behavior. Their analysis showed that the participants combined three main sources of information: personal catch experience, the actions of other anglers (垂钓者), and ecological features such as the structure of the lakebed.
The study found that success influenced how much people relied on social information. The fishers who caught fish tended to trust their own experience, while those who were unsuccessful paid closer attention to where others were fishing. After catching a fish, the participants often focused their search in nearby areas, a pattern known as “area-restricted search”, which became stronger in crowded locations. The decisions to leave a spot were relatively simple: Those who went a long time without a catch were more likely to move elsewhere.
The differences also emerged across age and gender. Women relied more on social cues than men, while older participants tended to stay longer in one place and were less likely to avoid unproductive areas. In lakes with more fish, anglers changed locations more frequently.
Beyond fishing, the study demonstrates the value of combining real-world data with the decision models to study human behavior outside laboratory settings. The researchers suggest that this approach could inform resource and conservation management, helping explain how hotspots form and how overuse, such as overfishing, might be prevented.
12．How did the researchers collect information about the ice fishers’ behavior
A．By reviewing reports published in Science.
B．By interviewing 74 experienced participants.
C．By recording the movements and actions using wearable devices.
D．By observing the participants in controlled laboratory experiments.
13．When did the fishers rely more on social information according to the study
A．When the fishing areas were less crowded.
B．When the ice fishing competitions reached the final.
C．When they were confident in their own fishing skills.
D．When they failed to achieve good results by themselves.
14．Why does the author mention age and gender in paragraph 5
A．To conduct a further analysis. B．To describe a detailed process.
C．To propose a practical solution. D．To confirm a reasonable assumption.
15．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the study
A．Its limitations. B．Its significance.
C．Its scientific principles. D．Its sampling methods.
The Internet has given everyone a very big opportunity to become entrepreneurs (企业家). 16 . But there are certain things you need to know to become successful as an online entrepreneur.Be willing to take risks
If you are afraid of losing, then becoming an online entrepreneur is not for you. Even if things often go as you plan, they may not. 17 . Even your first attempt may well end in failure. So be willing to risk your time and resources. 18
When you begin your online entrepreneurial journey, it is very important to go in the direction that you like. So you don’t get tired or bored so fast. At times when things don’t work as planned, you need that extra motivation to keep you going.Learn to be patient
19 . They say, “You open an online shop today, and you become rich tomorrow.” That is a lie. It takes time and effort to get there. If you try to be too fast, you may get into trouble. So write a good plan down and follow through.Keep learning consistently
To succeed as an online entrepreneur, make learning a regular habit. Look for successful people in your field and learn from their methods. Read books and take online courses to build your knowledge. 20 .
A．Explore a promising industry
B．Choose what you are passionate about
C．All you need is a connection to the Internet
D．You have seen people start up online business
E．The progress may prove slower than anticipated
F．Some people seem to believe Internet entrepreneurship is magic
G．In a fast-changing digital world, staying updated helps you grow
二、完形填空
I once volunteered at a community center. I went through a hard time worrying about my 21 . Twenty years ago, when the whole country was suffering from a(n) 22 slowdown, I was a poor college student who needed 2,600 dollars to 23 the next term’s tuition.
Instead of 24 a relaxing spring break with friends, I had to 25 by selling kitchenware door to door. Before starting the tiring work, I made a serious 26 to myself: If I earned enough money, I would 27 10 percent of my income to assist students in difficulty.
Having been taught the significance of sharing since childhood by my father, who had 28 devoted himself to helping people in poor areas, I was 29 to follow in his footsteps, though I had never put it into practice before.
After days of constant 30 , I earned 2,652 dollars. Overjoyed by the result, I completely 31 my promise. However, on a Sunday morning, I read a passage about keeping one’s word, which made me feel 32 . After several moments of 33 , I finally set aside 265 dollars to help poor students.
That day, a couple visited the community center. After the activity, they handed me an envelope, inside which was a 300-dollar check. They said they deeply 34 my deeds and were willing to lend me a hand. This experience taught me the 35 of keeping promises, and I have kept helping others ever since.
21．A．grades B．schedules C．routines D．expenses
22．A．economic B．academic C．physical D．social
23．A．withdraw B．cover C．estimate D．propose
24．A．abandoning B．imagining C．enjoying D．expanding
25．A．make progress B．make ends meet C．make sense D．make a difference
26．A．promise B．comment C．assumption D．prediction
27．A．lend B．increase C．exchange D．donate
28．A．long B．seldom C．suddenly D．initially
29．A．hesitant B．determined C．frightened D．afraid
30．A．challenges B．practices C．efforts D．attacks
31．A．doubted B．believed C．forgot D．understood
32．A．proud B．uneasy C．curious D．ashamed
33．A．design B．waiting C．consideration D．calculation
34．A．touched B．admired C．valued D．affected
35．A．importance B．principle C．responsibility D．consequence
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Sevira Putri Purnama Lumarso, a 22-year-old Indonesian, carefully located acupuncture points and inserted needles for 36 patient.
Sevira came to China in 2023 to pursue a bachelor’s degree 37 traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) at the medical university, under the sponsorship from the Gansu provincial government. Her three years of theoretical study and 38 (clinic) practice have equipped her with core TCM competencies, enabling her to apply the four diagnostic methods, 39 refer to observation, listening and smelling, inquiry, and palpation.
Upon arriving in China, Sevira found professional TCM terminology, such as syndrome differentiation, quite challenging 40 (grasp). To overcome this difficulty, she took notes in class, repeatedly studied the textbook afterward, and 41 (active) sought help from teachers and classmates when she had questions.
“She has an exceptionally serious learning attitude and a strong comprehension ability. From language 42 (communicate) to operating the computer diagnostic system and using the equipment, she quickly mastered everything,” her mentor said.
Studying and living in China 43 (allow) Sevira to fully experience the vitality and warmth of the country as well as its rich culture. She said, “Taking advantage of the convenient high-speed rail, I’ve traveled to many places in China. I love Chinese food, and I especially adore the beautiful scenery along the Yellow River. Everything here makes me feel warm 44 at home.”
45 (speak) about her future plans, Sevira said she intends to become a doctor after returning to Indonesia and promote TCM treatments among the Indonesian people.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校组织的“劳动实践周”活动，在当地一个农场体验了干农活。请你给外国网友Chris写一封电子邮件，分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）劳动过程；
（2）你的收获。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The winter wind blew strongly outside. I stood in front of our small house, feeling very cold. I was wearing an old jacket with several small holes in the sleeves. For almost an hour, I had been thinking hard about what I could give Mom for her birthday. However, I still had no good idea. I let out a long sigh. Even if I found a perfect gift, I had no money to pay for it.
Five years ago, my dad passed away. Since then, Mom had taken care of me all by herself. She worked long hours in a supermarket every day. She was always tired when she came back home, but she never complained. The money she made was just enough for our food and daily life. Every time I saw Mom’s tired but gentle smile, my heart was filled with thanks. I really wanted to give her a special gift to show my love.
I walked slowly to the street with my head down. I looked through the windows of different shops. There were beautiful cards, lovely cups and soft scarves. All of them looked nice, but I knew I could not afford any of them. My eyes became wet as I kept walking. I felt so sad and helpless. It was getting dark, and I had to turn back home.
On the way back, I passed Mrs. Green’s house. She was an old kind lady living next to us. I saw her picking up fallen leaves in the yard alone. She looked weak and it was difficult for her to finish the work. I walked up to her and asked if I could help her. She agreed.
I worked hard to clean up the leaves and tidy the yard. Although I felt a little tired, I kept working until everything was clean and tidy. When I finished, Mrs. Green took out ten dollars from her pocket and gave it to me. She said it was a little reward for my help. At first, I did not want to take it, but she insisted. Finally, I thanked her and took the money carefully.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At once, I ran to a shop nearby.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On my way home, I held the gloves close to my chest.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．A 2．B 3．C
4．D 5．A 6．D 7．A
8．C 9．B 10．C 11．B
12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B
16．C 17．E 18．B 19．F 20．G
21．D 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A
36．a 37．in 38．clinical 39．which 40．to grasp 41．actively 42．communication 43．allowed 44．and 45．Speaking
46．参考范文：
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share my experience in the “Labor Practice Week” organized by our school last week. We went to a local farm and participated in planting vegetables, which was an unforgettable experience.
Under the farmers’ guidance, I learned to dig holes, sow seeds and water them carefully. At first, I was clumsy, but I kept practicing patiently. After a whole day’s hard work, I was exhausted but full of joy.
This experience taught me the value of labor and helped me realize how hard it is to get food. I hope you can have a similar experience someday.
Yours,
Li Hua
47．参考范文：
At once, I ran to a shop nearby. Holding the money in my hand, I asked the shopkeeper if I could buy a pair of warm gloves for my mom as a birthday gift. The shopkeeper looked at me and smiled kindly. He asked me to wait for a moment. Soon, he came back with a pair of soft pink gloves. “These are just ten dollars,” he said gently. I could not believe my ears. I gave him the money and took the gloves carefully, with great joy.
On my way home, I held the gloves close to my chest. I kept thinking about Mom’s happy face. I thanked the kind shopkeeper and Mrs. Green again and again in my mind. Their kindness made me feel that the world was full of love. When I handed the gloves to Mom, she looked very surprised and happy. She put them on at once and hugged me tightly. At that moment, I truly understood that love is not measured by how much money you spend, but by how much care and warmth you give.
一、阅读理解
Escape to nature with four distinct mountain resorts (度假胜地). Each offers a unique blend of year-round outdoor adventure and scenic beauty.Massanutten Resort
It is home to all kinds of facilities. Guests can enjoy indoor and outdoor water parks, as well as mountain bike trails (小路) and escape room games. What’s more, visitors can enjoy skiing, snow tubing and snowboarding every winter. You can choose from a variety of accommodation on the mountain or in the valley.Big Sky Resort
Big Sky Resort, which sits about 60 miles northwest of Yellowstone National Park, attracts skiers with its 400 inches of average annual snowfall that blankets its 5,850 skiable acres. This Montana ski resort prides itself on short lift lines and high-tech chairlifts (缆椅), including an eight-seat lift with heated seats and weatherproof covers.Deer Valley Resort
Deer Valley Resort is located in the Wasatch Mountains of Park City, a ski-perfect resort covering nine peaks. During the warmer months, visitors can go mountain biking, listen to live music at the Snow Park Outdoor Amphitheater or explore the area on e in the winter, Deer Valley becomes a snow-filled playground ideal for skiing, snowmobiling and even dog-sledding.Suncadia Resort
Set on more than 6,000 forested acres approximately 85 miles southeast of Seattle, Suncadia Resort offers a wealth of outdoor activities including cross-country skiing, ice skating, biking and horseback riding. This resort in Washington state features 40-plus miles of hiking and biking trails and 36 holes of golf.
1．Which resort should visitors choose for water activities
A．Massanutten Resort. B．Big Sky Resort. C．Deer Valley Resort. D．Suncadia Resort.
2．What are the advantages of Big Sky Resort
A．Its nice country landscapes. B．Its efficient and modern lifts.
C．Its diverse indoor activities. D．Its convenient biking trails.
3．What do the four resorts have in common
A．They are ideal spots for golf games. B．They are wonderful sites for horse riding.
C．They are excellent destinations for skiing. D．They are resorts with varied accommodation.
Plastic pollution has long threatened the beaches and rich sea life of Lamu, slowly damaging fishing grounds, tourism, and the ecosystem. Among the piles of bottles, nets, and abandoned boats, one man chose to act rather than look away.
Mansoor Athman, a 47-year-old resident of Mkomani, has spent much of his life on the Indian Ocean. In 2009, troubled by the growing tide of plastic waste covering the shoreline, he began collecting waste jerrycans, bottles, and nets from beaches and shallow waters. What started as a single effort soon turned into an extraordinary vision. Using raw plastic waste, Mansoor built a floating house and boats stayed near the Lamu Island Forest Office, proving that rubbish could be transformed into something useful.
The floating home, made from over 1,000 jerrycans, has become both his shelter and his workshop. Living on the water allows him to interact daily with fishermen and sea users, and share his message about protecting the ocean, noting that plastics not only enmesh sea life or prevent their digestive systems from functioning normally, but also carry harmful substances to higher-level creatures, eventually endangering the balance of the whole ocean’s ecosystems. At first, his routine of walking around beaches with a bag of plastic caused people to laugh at him. Some people thought he was mad or homeless. Yet his persistence (坚持) slowly replaced doubt with respect.
Mansoor’s mission once strained (使受到压力) his family life, but today his wife Fatma Omar and their three children fully support him. They understand that his nights spent at sea serve a greater purpose. Locals now bring plastic waste directly to him, confident that it will never return to the ocean.
Though Mansoor is limited to a primary education, his creativity is endless. Inspired by his late father, a ship engineer, he believes innovation can rise even from hardship. His floating home stands as a quiet but powerful reminder that change often begins with one person showing great determination.
4．What first motivated Mansoor to collect plastic waste
A．A government program about plastic waste. B．His family’s encouragement to recycle plastics.
C．His interest in building floating plastic houses. D．The trouble caused by the ocean plastic pollution.
5．What does the underlined word “enmesh” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Trap. B．Defend. C．Ignore. D．Adapt.
6．What was people’s attitude towards Mansoor’s acts in the end
A．Doubtful. B．Unconcerned. C．Curious. D．Supportive.
7．What does Mansoor’s story mainly show
A．A determined person can fuel change.
B．Formal education is necessary for success.
C．Plastic houses are excellent in some aspects.
D．Government policies are the ideal solution to pollution.
Scientists have discovered six species of cushion (垫) plants growing at a record-breaking height on Mount Shukule Ⅱ in the Ladakh region of India. These plants were found on a small, rocky area no larger than a football field, and they are more resistant to cold and dry conditions than most plants.
The research team, led by Jiri Dolezal from the Czech Academy of Sciences, studied how plants respond to climate warming in this remote area. Reaching the site required a five-day journey from the nearest road, and the scientists suffered from sickness and extreme tiredness.
In contrast, the plants themselves were well adapted to the cold and dry environment. Each plant was very small, about the size of a coin, and contained a high amount of sugar that acted like natural antifreeze. Their leaves grew in a circular shape, helping them trap warm air and survive long, freezing winters. Although their roots were tiny, one root showed about 20 growth rings, suggesting that the plant had survived there for nearly two decades.
Climate change has warmed the Himalayas, allowing plants to grow higher as glaciers (冰川) retreat. Dolezal estimates that during the short growing season, temperatures in this area have risen by about 6℃ over the past decade. Plants need at least 40 frost-free days each year to grow, and such conditions are now appearing in the Himalayas.
“I’m surprised at the elevation — it’s very high,” says Jan Salick, a botanist at Missouri Botanical Garden in St Louis. But she is encouraged that plants may be able to move to higher altitudes than previously thought, and keep up with climate change.
As part of the research, she has found alpine (高山的) plants in the Himalayas moving upwards at 0.06 metres a year, while the temperature band they usually occupy is outpacing them by rising at 6 metres a year. The fear is that the temperature increase is encouraging the tree line to rise too, which could reduce the space available for alpine plants.
8．What is a feature of the cushion plants
A．They depend on the fairly fertile soil. B．They spread widely across the mountain.
C．They can tolerate cold and dryness. D．They grow faster than other alpine plants.
9．What does the author intend to illustrate about the cushion plants in paragraph 3
A．How scientists discovered their habitat. B．How they survive in the tough conditions.
C．How climate change impacts their distribution. D．How they pose a threat to local species.
10．Why are plants likely to grow even higher in the Himalayas
A．Seeds are spreading more easily.
B．Mountain soils are becoming richer.
C．Their frost-free growing periods are extending.
D．Glaciers at the height are appearing in large numbers.
11．What is the best title for the text
A．Climate Change Helps Plants Grow Higher
B．Record-breaking Plants Were Found in the Himalayas
C．Cushion Plants Are the Most Resistant Plants in the World
D．Alpine Plants Face a Serious Survival Problem in the Himalayas
When humans search for food — whether by gathering, hunting or fishing — they rely not only on personal experience but also on information gained from observing others. A large-scale field study has explored how social information shapes such decisions, using ice-fishing competitions in Finland as a natural research setting.
The study, published in Science, was conducted by an international research team that observed 74 experienced ice fishers during competitions in eastern Finland. Using GPS watches and wearable cameras, the researchers recorded more than 16,000 decisions across 477 fishing trips on ten lakes, tracking where the participants chose to fish and when they decided to move on.
Based on these detailed movement and contextual data, the scientists developed computational models to uncover the decision-making strategies behind the fishers’ behavior. Their analysis showed that the participants combined three main sources of information: personal catch experience, the actions of other anglers (垂钓者), and ecological features such as the structure of the lakebed.
The study found that success influenced how much people relied on social information. The fishers who caught fish tended to trust their own experience, while those who were unsuccessful paid closer attention to where others were fishing. After catching a fish, the participants often focused their search in nearby areas, a pattern known as “area-restricted search”, which became stronger in crowded locations. The decisions to leave a spot were relatively simple: Those who went a long time without a catch were more likely to move elsewhere.
The differences also emerged across age and gender. Women relied more on social cues than men, while older participants tended to stay longer in one place and were less likely to avoid unproductive areas. In lakes with more fish, anglers changed locations more frequently.
Beyond fishing, the study demonstrates the value of combining real-world data with the decision models to study human behavior outside laboratory settings. The researchers suggest that this approach could inform resource and conservation management, helping explain how hotspots form and how overuse, such as overfishing, might be prevented.
12．How did the researchers collect information about the ice fishers’ behavior
A．By reviewing reports published in Science.
B．By interviewing 74 experienced participants.
C．By recording the movements and actions using wearable devices.
D．By observing the participants in controlled laboratory experiments.
13．When did the fishers rely more on social information according to the study
A．When the fishing areas were less crowded.
B．When the ice fishing competitions reached the final.
C．When they were confident in their own fishing skills.
D．When they failed to achieve good results by themselves.
14．Why does the author mention age and gender in paragraph 5
A．To conduct a further analysis. B．To describe a detailed process.
C．To propose a practical solution. D．To confirm a reasonable assumption.
15．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the study
A．Its limitations. B．Its significance.
C．Its scientific principles. D．Its sampling methods.
The Internet has given everyone a very big opportunity to become entrepreneurs (企业家). 16 . But there are certain things you need to know to become successful as an online entrepreneur.Be willing to take risks
If you are afraid of losing, then becoming an online entrepreneur is not for you. Even if things often go as you plan, they may not. 17 . Even your first attempt may well end in failure. So be willing to risk your time and resources. 18
When you begin your online entrepreneurial journey, it is very important to go in the direction that you like. So you don’t get tired or bored so fast. At times when things don’t work as planned, you need that extra motivation to keep you going.Learn to be patient
19 . They say, “You open an online shop today, and you become rich tomorrow.” That is a lie. It takes time and effort to get there. If you try to be too fast, you may get into trouble. So write a good plan down and follow through.Keep learning consistently
To succeed as an online entrepreneur, make learning a regular habit. Look for successful people in your field and learn from their methods. Read books and take online courses to build your knowledge. 20 .
A．Explore a promising industry
B．Choose what you are passionate about
C．All you need is a connection to the Internet
D．You have seen people start up online business
E．The progress may prove slower than anticipated
F．Some people seem to believe Internet entrepreneurship is magic
G．In a fast-changing digital world, staying updated helps you grow
二、完形填空
I once volunteered at a community center. I went through a hard time worrying about my 21 . Twenty years ago, when the whole country was suffering from a(n) 22 slowdown, I was a poor college student who needed 2,600 dollars to 23 the next term’s tuition.
Instead of 24 a relaxing spring break with friends, I had to 25 by selling kitchenware door to door. Before starting the tiring work, I made a serious 26 to myself: If I earned enough money, I would 27 10 percent of my income to assist students in difficulty.
Having been taught the significance of sharing since childhood by my father, who had 28 devoted himself to helping people in poor areas, I was 29 to follow in his footsteps, though I had never put it into practice before.
After days of constant 30 , I earned 2,652 dollars. Overjoyed by the result, I completely 31 my promise. However, on a Sunday morning, I read a passage about keeping one’s word, which made me feel 32 . After several moments of 33 , I finally set aside 265 dollars to help poor students.
That day, a couple visited the community center. After the activity, they handed me an envelope, inside which was a 300-dollar check. They said they deeply 34 my deeds and were willing to lend me a hand. This experience taught me the 35 of keeping promises, and I have kept helping others ever since.
21．A．grades B．schedules C．routines D．expenses
22．A．economic B．academic C．physical D．social
23．A．withdraw B．cover C．estimate D．propose
24．A．abandoning B．imagining C．enjoying D．expanding
25．A．make progress B．make ends meet C．make sense D．make a difference
26．A．promise B．comment C．assumption D．prediction
27．A．lend B．increase C．exchange D．donate
28．A．long B．seldom C．suddenly D．initially
29．A．hesitant B．determined C．frightened D．afraid
30．A．challenges B．practices C．efforts D．attacks
31．A．doubted B．believed C．forgot D．understood
32．A．proud B．uneasy C．curious D．ashamed
33．A．design B．waiting C．consideration D．calculation
34．A．touched B．admired C．valued D．affected
35．A．importance B．principle C．responsibility D．consequence
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Sevira Putri Purnama Lumarso, a 22-year-old Indonesian, carefully located acupuncture points and inserted needles for 36 patient.
Sevira came to China in 2023 to pursue a bachelor’s degree 37 traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) at the medical university, under the sponsorship from the Gansu provincial government. Her three years of theoretical study and 38 (clinic) practice have equipped her with core TCM competencies, enabling her to apply the four diagnostic methods, 39 refer to observation, listening and smelling, inquiry, and palpation.
Upon arriving in China, Sevira found professional TCM terminology, such as syndrome differentiation, quite challenging 40 (grasp). To overcome this difficulty, she took notes in class, repeatedly studied the textbook afterward, and 41 (active) sought help from teachers and classmates when she had questions.
“She has an exceptionally serious learning attitude and a strong comprehension ability. From language 42 (communicate) to operating the computer diagnostic system and using the equipment, she quickly mastered everything,” her mentor said.
Studying and living in China 43 (allow) Sevira to fully experience the vitality and warmth of the country as well as its rich culture. She said, “Taking advantage of the convenient high-speed rail, I’ve traveled to many places in China. I love Chinese food, and I especially adore the beautiful scenery along the Yellow River. Everything here makes me feel warm 44 at home.”
45 (speak) about her future plans, Sevira said she intends to become a doctor after returning to Indonesia and promote TCM treatments among the Indonesian people.
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校组织的“劳动实践周”活动，在当地一个农场体验了干农活。请你给外国网友Chris写一封电子邮件，分享这次经历，内容包括：
（1）劳动过程；
（2）你的收获。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The winter wind blew strongly outside. I stood in front of our small house, feeling very cold. I was wearing an old jacket with several small holes in the sleeves. For almost an hour, I had been thinking hard about what I could give Mom for her birthday. However, I still had no good idea. I let out a long sigh. Even if I found a perfect gift, I had no money to pay for it.
Five years ago, my dad passed away. Since then, Mom had taken care of me all by herself. She worked long hours in a supermarket every day. She was always tired when she came back home, but she never complained. The money she made was just enough for our food and daily life. Every time I saw Mom’s tired but gentle smile, my heart was filled with thanks. I really wanted to give her a special gift to show my love.
I walked slowly to the street with my head down. I looked through the windows of different shops. There were beautiful cards, lovely cups and soft scarves. All of them looked nice, but I knew I could not afford any of them. My eyes became wet as I kept walking. I felt so sad and helpless. It was getting dark, and I had to turn back home.
On the way back, I passed Mrs. Green’s house. She was an old kind lady living next to us. I saw her picking up fallen leaves in the yard alone. She looked weak and it was difficult for her to finish the work. I walked up to her and asked if I could help her. She agreed.
I worked hard to clean up the leaves and tidy the yard. Although I felt a little tired, I kept working until everything was clean and tidy. When I finished, Mrs. Green took out ten dollars from her pocket and gave it to me. She said it was a little reward for my help. At first, I did not want to take it, but she insisted. Finally, I thanked her and took the money carefully.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At once, I ran to a shop nearby.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
On my way home, I held the gloves close to my chest.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．A 2．B 3．C
4．D 5．A 6．D 7．A
8．C 9．B 10．C 11．B
12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B
16．C 17．E 18．B 19．F 20．G
21．D 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A
36．a 37．in 38．clinical 39．which 40．to grasp 41．actively 42．communication 43．allowed 44．and 45．Speaking
46．参考范文：
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to share my experience in the “Labor Practice Week” organized by our school last week. We went to a local farm and participated in planting vegetables, which was an unforgettable experience.
Under the farmers’ guidance, I learned to dig holes, sow seeds and water them carefully. At first, I was clumsy, but I kept practicing patiently. After a whole day’s hard work, I was exhausted but full of joy.
This experience taught me the value of labor and helped me realize how hard it is to get food. I hope you can have a similar experience someday.
Yours,
Li Hua
47．参考范文：
At once, I ran to a shop nearby. Holding the money in my hand, I asked the shopkeeper if I could buy a pair of warm gloves for my mom as a birthday gift. The shopkeeper looked at me and smiled kindly. He asked me to wait for a moment. Soon, he came back with a pair of soft pink gloves. “These are just ten dollars,” he said gently. I could not believe my ears. I gave him the money and took the gloves carefully, with great joy.
On my way home, I held the gloves close to my chest. I kept thinking about Mom’s happy face. I thanked the kind shopkeeper and Mrs. Green again and again in my mind. Their kindness made me feel that the world was full of love. When I handed the gloves to Mom, she looked very surprised and happy. She put them on at once and hugged me tightly. At that moment, I truly understood that love is not measured by how much money you spend, but by how much care and warmth you give.
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