(共27张PPT)
Unit 3 What makes a great team
目录
03
合作探究·培思维
02
预习新知·储能量
04
素养达标·提能力
01
单元概览·明方向
单元概览·明方向
01
单元主题：构建优秀的团队 单元导读 本单元主题为“构建优秀的团队”，属于“人与自我”主题范畴的子主题“理解他人感受”和“人与社会”主题范畴的子主题“团队合作的价值与意义”。围绕这一主题， 本单元从团队合作的价值、领导者的责任、成员协作方式、冲突解决策略等多个维度展开探讨。通过“三个兄弟和筷子”的故事、登山队协作登顶案例，强调团队协作比个人力量更强大。以Tony 担任戏剧导演的困境为例，探讨领导者在分配任务、解决冲突时应具备的决策能力和沟通技巧。通过Ms White给 Tony的建议，说明如何通过讨论、投票等方式公平处理团队矛盾。以登山队中刘连满甘当“人梯”为例，展现成员为团队目标牺牲个人利益的奉献精神。
语言能力 语法：情态动词should, must, can, need, have to及had better
学习能力 通过小组讨论实践“分工协作、投票决策”的学习模式， 培养自主与合作学习能力；将 Ms White 的建议迁移到新场景， 提升策略迁移能力；通过设计团队标识， 将抽象概念转化为视觉符号， 培养创新思维。
文化意识 理解集体目标优先于个人利益的文化内涵，认识 “团结就是力量” 的跨文化共识， 对比中西方团队文化的异同。
思维品质 分析Tony “呆住”的原因， 推理冲突背后的心理因素；对比 Ms White 的建议，判断哪种策略更高效，培养理性决策思维；从“领导者”“普通成员”“旁观者”等不同视角分析团队问题，培养换位思考能力；通过登山队案例， 理解“团队成功未必需要所有成员登顶”的辩证关系，突破“个人英雄主义”思维定式。
第一课时 Starting out～Understanding ideas 4
预习新知·储能量
02
Ⅰ. 重点单词填一填
1. 导演n. ____________
2. 戏剧n. _________
3. 领导者n. __________
4. 角色n. ________
5. 突然停止；呆住v. __________
6. 沉默， 缄默n. ___________
7. 糟糕的， 恶劣的adj. _________
8. 建议v. __________
director
drama
leader
role
freeze
silence
awful
advise
9. 你真挚的(用于以头衔加姓氏称呼收信人的信函末尾)pron. _________
10. 合作， 协作， 配合n. ____________
11. 优点， 长处， 优势n. ____________
12. 弱点， 缺点， 不足n. ____________
13. 投票， 表决v. ________
14. 建议，提议n. ______________
yours
teamwork
strength
weakness
vote
suggestion
Ⅱ. 核心短语练一练
1. _________ _______ _______(因……感谢你) inviting me to have dim sum at Guangzhou Restaurant. The shrimp dumplings were delicious!
2. ________ ______(如果……会怎么样) we forget to close the windows before a typhoon comes We might get our house wet!
3. During Chinese New Year, my grandparents ________ _______(分发) red envelopes with lucky money.
4. The customer ___________ _______(愤然离开) the restaurant after being told there would be a 40 minute wait for a table.
5. I ________ __________________(承担责任) of helping my grandma make zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival every year.
Thank
you
for
What
if
give
out
stormed
off
take
responsibility
Ⅲ. 经典句式悟一悟
1. My silence made Lisa angry. (angry在句中作宾语补足语；make sb＋形容词“使某人处于某种状态”)
译文：___________________________
2. Sometimes good teamwork is hard to achieve！(动词不定式 to achieve 在句中作形容词hard的补足语， 用于补充说明其具体内容)
译文：______________________________
我的沉默让丽萨生气了。
有时良好的团队合作难以实现！
3. Why not have Lisa and Mary both try two roles？(Why not＋动词原形？意为“为什么不……？”，表示提建议)
译文：_______________________________________________
4. You're the director, but you don't have to deal with all the problems yourself. (由but连接的并列句；don't have to意为“没必要”)
译文：______________________________________________
5. I hope my advice is helpful. (my advice is helpful在句中作宾语从句)
译文：_________________________________________
为什么不让丽萨和玛丽都尝试两个角色呢？
你是导演，但你不必亲自处理所有问题。
我希望我的建议是有帮助的。
合作探究·培思维
03
考点1
thank you for... 因……感谢你
thank you for 相当于 thanks for, 后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语， 说明感谢的原因。
例如： Thank you for making me director of our drama, Snow White. 感谢您让我担任戏剧《白雪公主》的导演。(教材·P36)
例如： Thanks for explaining this maths problem to me. Now I finally understand it. 谢谢你给我讲解这道数学题。我现在终于懂了。
【拓展】
thanks to 意为“由于；多亏；因为”，常用来引出积极结果的原因，也可用于客观说明事情发生的缘由， 相当于 because of。
例如： Thanks to your help, I finished the work on time. 多亏你的帮助， 我按时完成了工作。
(1)同义句转换
①Thank you for helping me with my homework.
__________ _______ helping me with my homework.
②Thanks to the warm weather, the flowers bloomed early.
___________ ______ the warm weather, the flowers bloomed early.
(2)翻译句子
①谢谢你告诉我这个好消息。
_______________________________________________________
②多亏了团队的努力， 我们按时完成了任务。
______________________________________________________________
Thanks
for
Because
of
Thank you for/Thanks for telling me the good news.
Thanks to the team's effort, we finished the task on time.
考点2
what if... 如果……会怎么样
what if 后句子用陈述语序，用于询问“如果……会怎么样？”或提出假设性问题，隐含对未来、现在的推测或对过去的虚拟；用“What if...？”对现在或未来进行假设，句子使用一般过去时。
例如： But what if I was wrong 可如果我错了呢？ (教材·P36)
【拓展】
对现在或未来的可能性询问，句子使用一般现在时；对过去的虚拟(与事实相反)，句子使用过去完成时。
例如： What if we order pizza for dinner 我们晚餐点比萨如何？
例如： What if they had missed the flight 如果他们当时错过了航班会怎么样？
(1)要是我们搬到新城市会怎么样？
________ ______ we moved to a new city
(2)如果明天下雨， 我们的野餐该怎么办？
________ _______ it rains tomorrow What will we do about the picnic
What
if
What
if
考点3
advise v. 建议
(1)advise sb (not) to do sth 建议某人(不要)做某事
例如： Could you please advise me 请问您能给我一些建议吗？ (教材·P36)
例如： I advised him to stay calm. 我劝他保持冷静。
(2)advise (not) doing sth 建议(不要)做某事
例如： She advised starting the project early. 她建议早点启动项目。
(3)advise sb against doing sth 建议某人不要做某事
例如： I would strongly advise you against going out on your own. 我要极力奉劝你别单独外出。
【拓展】
其名词形式 advice为不可数名词
例如： My father gave me some useful advice. 我的父亲给了我一些有用的建议。
(1)The doctor advised her ___________ (take) a week off.
(2)I advise ________________ (not trust) strangers online.
(3)The sign advises visitors ________________ (not touch) the exhibits.
(4)我劝你们本周末不要举行晚会。
I would __________ you ___________ having a party this weekend.
to take
not trusting
not to touch
advise
against
考点4
why not... 为什么不……
“Why not...？”意为“为什么不……？”后面接动词原形， 用于提出建议， 相当于“Why don't you/we...？”
例如：Why not have Lisa and Mary both try two roles 为什么不让丽萨和玛丽都尝试两个角色呢？(教材·P37)
例如：Why not go to school now？＝Why don't you go to school now 现在为什么不去上学呢？
【拓展】
英语中， 提建议的其他句型：
(1)Would you like/love to do sth 你愿意做某事吗？
(2)Shall I/we do sth 我们做某事， 好吗？
(3)Let's do sth.咱们一起做某事吧。
(4)You'd better (not) do sth.你最好(不要)做某事。
(5) What/How about (doing) sth (做)某事怎么样？
(6)Do you mind...？/Would you mind... 你介意……吗？
(7)You should (not) do sth.你应该(不要)做某事。
(8)It's a good idea to do sth.做某事是个好主意。
Why not join the school club？(同义句转换)
_______ _________ we join the school club
Why
don't
素养达标·提能力
04
谢谢观看!(共13张PPT)
Unit 3 What makes a great team
第三课时 Listening and speaking
目录
02
合作探究·培思维
01
预习新知·储能量
03
素养达标·提能力
预习新知·储能量
01
Ⅰ. 重点单词填一填
1. 帐篷n. ________
2. 扎营， 宿营， 露营v. ________
3. 使破裂，使破碎 v. _________
4. 胶带，胶布n. ________
5. 志愿的adj. _____________
6. 合作， 协作n. _______________
tent
camp
break
tape
voluntary
cooperation
Ⅱ. 核心短语练一练
1. Let's take a trip to _____________ _________ ______(……的不同的地方) China and find out some delicious food!
2. The new technology makes it quite simple for people to _________ ____________(解决问题).
3. The doctor came to _________ ______(查看) the patient's condition.
different
parts
of
solve
problems
check
on
Ⅲ. 经典句式悟一悟
1. Camping is popular in different parts of the world. (camping动名词作主语， 谓语动词用单数is)
译文：________________________________
2. People can explore the wild and make new friends. (情态动词 can后跟动词原形；and连接两个并列的动词短语)
译文：___________________________________
3. But Mr Henry advised me not to. (advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事)
译文：__________________________________
露营在世界各地都很流行。
人们可以探索野外，结交新朋友。
但亨利先生建议我不要这么做。
4. He also promised to make sure they are completely...(promise to do sth许诺做某事； make sure后跟宾语从句)
译文：____________________________
5. I'm still a bit worried, but I believe they will work things out together.(a bit程度副词， 修饰worried; believe引导宾语从句)
译文：________________________________________________
他还承诺确保他们完全……
我还是有点担心，但我相信他们会一起解决问题的。
合作探究·培思维
02
考点
go camping (尤指到山上或森林里)去露营
(1)go camping意为“(尤指到山上或森林里)去露营”；“camping”由动词“camp(扎营，宿营，露营)”变化而来，强调到自然环境(如山上、森林中)搭帐篷、过夜等活动。
例如： Amy went camping with her friends and their guide, Mr Henry. 埃米和她的朋友们还有他们的向导亨利先生去露营。(教材·P42)
(2)常见搭配： go camping in the mountains在山里露营； go camping in the forest在森林里露营； go on a camping trip 进行一次露营旅行。
例如： My parents enjoy going camping in the forest in spring. 我父母喜欢春天去森林里露营。
(3)结构：“go＋doing”是固定搭配， 表示“去做某项户外活动或运动”，如go hiking远足， 徒步；go fishing钓鱼。
例如： My father often goes fishing on weekends. 我爸爸周末经常去钓鱼。
(1)她现在盼望着暑假和朋友们一起去露营。
She is looking forward to _________ ___________ with her friends on summer vacation now.
(2)My family often _____ in the forest on weekends.
A. go camp B. goes camping
C. go camping D. going camping
going
camping
√
素养达标·提能力
03
谢谢观看!(共18张PPT)
Unit 3 What makes a great team
第四课时 Reading for writing 1～4
目录
02
合作探究·培思维
01
预习新知·储能量
03
素养达标·提能力
预习新知·储能量
01
Ⅰ. 重点单词填一填
1. 正午， 中午n. ________
2. 登山运动员n. ___________
3. 顶， 顶部n. ________
4. 梯子n. __________
5. 队友n. ____________
6. 把(某物)移低， 降下v. _________
7. 令人痛苦的adj. ___________
8. 绳， 粗绳， 绳索n. ________
noon
climber
roof
ladder
teammate
lower
painful
rope
9. 努力n. __________
10. 北方的，北部的；朝北的 adj. _________
11. 基地， 根据地， 总部， 大本营n. ________
12. 登山运动n. __________________
effort
north
base
mountaineering
Ⅱ. 核心短语练一练
1. This is a competition between two climbers on a _________________ ________(15米高的墙).
2. His suggestion __________ _________(似乎是对的) at that time, so we all agreed.
3. Mum ________ my mobile phone ________(把……拿走) because I played games too much.
4. You won't enter your dream high school unless you ________ _________ __________(尽一切努力).
wall
seemed
right
took
away
make
every
effort
Ⅲ. 经典句式悟一悟
1. Every second was painful, but Liu stood still. (名词短语every second作主语， 谓语动词be用单数)
译文：_____________________________________
2. But Liu was too tired to keep going. (too＋形容词/副词＋to＋动词原形， 意为“太……以至于不能……”)
译文：____________________________________________
每一秒都很痛苦，但刘站着不动。
然而，刘(连满)已经筋疲力竭，无法继续前进。
3. It was dangerous to climb without oxygen, but they knew Liu needed it. (“It is/was＋形容词＋to do sth.”句型的具体运用， 其中“it”是形式主语， 真正的主语是后面的 “to do sth” 结构)
译文：_________________________________________________
4. What's more, no one had done so without using oxygen！(what's more意为“而且；此外；更重要的是”；without后接动名词)
译文：_____________________________________________________
没有氧气攀爬很危险，但他们知道刘需要氧气。
更重要的是，没有人在不使用氧气的情况下做到这一点！
合作探究·培思维
02
考点1
lower v. 把(某物)移低， 降下
(1)lower可作及物动词，表示“降低；使下降”， 可用于降低价格(price)、声音(voice)、速度(speed)、温度(temperature)等，也可表示放下身体部位，如 lower the head低下头。
例如： He lowered his body and let Qu Yinhua stand on his shoulders. 他低下身子，让屈银华站在他的肩膀上。(教材·P44)
例如： Please lower your speaking speed so that we can hear you clearly. 请降低你的语速，以便我们能听清楚你说的。
例如： The baby is sleeping. Please lower your voice. 婴儿正在睡觉。请小点声音。
(2)lower也可作不及物动词，表示事物自身下降。
例如： The sun lowers in the west. 太阳在西边落下。
(3)lower作形容词，是 low的比较级，意为“更低的；下方的”，用于两者比较。常见搭配：lower level更低的水平； lower floor较低楼层。
例如： Please lower the window so that I can get some fresh air.
请把窗户降下来， 这样我能呼吸点新鲜空气。
(1)The factory needs to _____ the cost of production to make more money.
A. rise B. lower C. increase D. grow
(2)—Why do people buy many things online on the 11th of November every year
—Because there are many sales. The prices are _____．
A. much cheaper B. much lower
C. more expensive D. much higher
(3)He had to _________(low) his head to get through the door.
(4)他压低了他的嗓音， 这样多丽丝就不会听到了。
He ___________ _______ _________ so that Doris couldn't hear.
√
√
lower
lowered
his
voice
考点2
painful adj. 令人痛苦的
(1)“painful”是一个形容词，表示“令人痛苦的；疼痛的”，可形容身体部位的疼痛，也可描述情感、经历带来的痛苦。
例如： Every second was painful, but Liu stood still. 每一秒都很痛苦， 但刘(连满)站着不动。(教材·P44～45)
例如： The long distance run was really painful for the little boy. 长跑对那个小男孩来说真的很痛苦。
(2)名词形式为 pain，表示“疼痛；痛苦”。
例如： No pain, no gain. 不劳则无获。
(3)句型“It is painful to do sth.”表示“做某事是痛苦的。”
例如： It is painful to say goodbye. 告别是痛苦的。
(1)As the saying goes, “_____．” My cousin has realised his dream after years of hard work.
A. No pain, no gain B. Many hands make light work
C. Practice makes perfect D. Put all your eggs in one basket
(2)The headache is very painful.(改为感叹句)
_______ ___________ the headache is!
√
How
painful
(3)After falling off the bike, Tom felt a sharp _____ in his arm.
A. painless B. pain
C. painful D. paining
(4)These old photos always bring back ___________(pain) memories.
painful
√
素养达标·提能力
03
谢谢观看!第四课时 Reading for writing 1～4
Ⅰ. 重点单词填一填
1. 正午， 中午n. noon
2. 登山运动员n. climber
3. 顶， 顶部n. roof
4. 梯子n. ladder
5. 队友n. teammate
6. 把(某物)移低， 降下v. lower
7. 令人痛苦的adj. painful
8. 绳， 粗绳， 绳索n. rope
9. 努力n. effort
10. 北方的，北部的；朝北的 adj. north
11. 基地， 根据地， 总部， 大本营n. base
12. 登山运动n. mountaineering
Ⅱ. 核心短语练一练
1. This is a competition between two climbers on a 15 metre high wall (15米高的墙).
2. His suggestion seemed right (似乎是对的) at that time, so we all agreed.
3. Mum took my mobile phone away (把……拿走) because I played games too much.
4. You won't enter your dream high school unless you make every effort (尽一切努力).
Ⅲ. 经典句式悟一悟
1. Every second was painful, but Liu stood still. (名词短语every second作主语， 谓语动词be用单数)
译文： 每一秒都很痛苦，但刘站着不动。
2. But Liu was too tired to keep going. (too＋形容词/副词＋to＋动词原形， 意为“太……以至于不能……”)
译文： 然而，刘(连满)已经筋疲力竭，无法继续前进。
3. It was dangerous to climb without oxygen, but they knew Liu needed it. (“It is/was＋形容词＋to do sth.”句型的具体运用， 其中“it”是形式主语， 真正的主语是后面的 “to do sth” 结构)
译文： 没有氧气攀爬很危险，但他们知道刘需要氧气。
4. What's more, no one had done so without using oxygen！(what's more意为“而且；此外；更重要的是”；without后接动名词)
译文： 更重要的是，没有人在不使用氧气的情况下做到这一点！
lower v. 把(某物)移低， 降下
(1)lower可作及物动词，表示“降低；使下降”， 可用于降低价格(price)、声音(voice)、速度(speed)、温度(temperature)等，也可表示放下身体部位，如 lower the head低下头。
例如： He lowered his body and let Qu Yinhua stand on his shoulders. 他低下身子，让屈银华站在他的肩膀上。(教材·P44)
例如： Please lower your speaking speed so that we can hear you clearly. 请降低你的语速，以便我们能听清楚你说的。
例如： The baby is sleeping. Please lower your voice. 婴儿正在睡觉。请小点声音。
(2)lower也可作不及物动词，表示事物自身下降。
例如： The sun lowers in the west. 太阳在西边落下。
(3)lower作形容词，是 low的比较级，意为“更低的；下方的”，用于两者比较。常见搭配：lower level更低的水平； lower floor较低楼层。
例如： Please lower the window so that I can get some fresh air.
请把窗户降下来， 这样我能呼吸点新鲜空气。
(1)The factory needs to B the cost of production to make more money.
A. rise B. lower C. increase D. grow
(2)—Why do people buy many things online on the 11th of November every year
—Because there are many sales. The prices are B ．
A. much cheaper B. much lower
C. more expensive D. much higher
(3)He had to lower (low) his head to get through the door.
(4)他压低了他的嗓音， 这样多丽丝就不会听到了。
He lowered his voice so that Doris couldn't hear.
painful adj. 令人痛苦的
(1)“painful”是一个形容词，表示“令人痛苦的；疼痛的”，可形容身体部位的疼痛，也可描述情感、经历带来的痛苦。
例如： Every second was painful, but Liu stood still. 每一秒都很痛苦， 但刘(连满)站着不动。(教材·P44～45)
例如： The long distance run was really painful for the little boy. 长跑对那个小男孩来说真的很痛苦。
(2)名词形式为 pain，表示“疼痛；痛苦”。
例如： No pain, no gain. 不劳则无获。
(3)句型“It is painful to do sth.”表示“做某事是痛苦的。”
例如： It is painful to say goodbye. 告别是痛苦的。
(1)As the saying goes, “ A ．” My cousin has realised his dream after years of hard work.
A. No pain, no gain B. Many hands make light work
C. Practice makes perfect D. Put all your eggs in one basket
(2)The headache is very painful.(改为感叹句)
How painful the headache is!
(3)After falling off the bike, Tom felt a sharp B in his arm.
A. painless B. pain
C. painful D. paining
(4)These old photos always bring back painful (pain) memories.
Ⅰ. 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1. The height of the mountain is a great challenge for climbers (登山运动员).
2. The strong wind blew off the roof (顶部) of the old house yesterday.
3. Jack passed the ball to his teammate (队友) very quickly in the basketball game yesterday.
4. The team completed the project successfully with everyone's effort (努力).
5. People in the north (北方) of China like warm colours better in their homes.
Ⅱ. 配对阅读
左栏是人物的需求， 右栏介绍了几个与运动有关的场所或活动， 请帮他们选择最合适的活动或场所， 有一项多余。
( B )1. Mark loves adventures and is always looking for a challenge. He wants to find a place where he can have fun trying exciting sports outdoors. ( E )2. Emily loves learning about sports and wants to find out more about famous athletes and important events in sports history. ( A )3. Lisa wants to learn new sports and get better at sports like basketball and swimming. She's looking for a place with good coaches who can help her improve. ( C )4. Tom loves to exercise. He's interested in trying new things and learning about different kinds of exercise tools. ( D )5. Sarah loves playing sports with others and wants to meet new people while playing games. She enjoys playing competitive games and having fun with a team. A. The sports academy(学院) You can learn different sports like soccer, basketball, and swimming here. You can also talk to coaches to get professional guidance and training tips. B. The adventure park You can try exciting sports like rock climbing, mountain biking, and surfing here. This park is perfect for people who like to challenge themselves and enjoy thrilling experiences. C. The fitness expo(博览会) You can see the newest tools for exercise and learn about new sports ideas here. You can go to lectures to learn how to be healthy and get better at sports. D. The community league(联盟) Come to join the league and enjoy friendly competitions such as soccer, basketball, or volleyball. You can also make new friends and enjoy the fun of teamwork. E. The sports museum Visit the sports museum to learn about amazing athletes and big events in sports history. See interesting things and try fun activities to learn about sports. F. The yoga retreat(静修) Come here to relax your mind and body, make your body move better, and pay attention better. It's good for people who want to feel peaceful and have a good balance in life.
4/4第三课时 Listening and speaking
Ⅰ. 重点单词填一填
1. 帐篷n. tent
2. 扎营， 宿营， 露营v. camp
3. 使破裂，使破碎 v. break
4. 胶带，胶布n. tape
5. 志愿的adj. voluntary
6. 合作， 协作n. cooperation
Ⅱ. 核心短语练一练
1. Let's take a trip to different parts of (……的不同的地方) China and find out some delicious food!
2. The new technology makes it quite simple for people to solve problems (解决问题).
3. The doctor came to check on (查看) the patient's condition.
Ⅲ. 经典句式悟一悟
1. Camping is popular in different parts of the world. (camping动名词作主语， 谓语动词用单数is)
译文： 露营在世界各地都很流行。
2. People can explore the wild and make new friends. (情态动词 can后跟动词原形；and连接两个并列的动词短语)
译文： 人们可以探索野外，结交新朋友。
3. But Mr Henry advised me not to. (advise sb not to do sth建议某人不要做某事)
译文： 但亨利先生建议我不要这么做。
4. He also promised to make sure they are completely...(promise to do sth许诺做某事； make sure后跟宾语从句)
译文： 他还承诺确保他们完全……
5. I'm still a bit worried, but I believe they will work things out together.(a bit程度副词， 修饰worried; believe引导宾语从句)
译文： 我还是有点担心，但我相信他们会一起解决问题的。
go camping (尤指到山上或森林里)去露营
(1)go camping意为“(尤指到山上或森林里)去露营”；“camping”由动词“camp(扎营，宿营，露营)”变化而来，强调到自然环境(如山上、森林中)搭帐篷、过夜等活动。
例如： Amy went camping with her friends and their guide, Mr Henry. 埃米和她的朋友们还有他们的向导亨利先生去露营。(教材·P42)
(2)常见搭配： go camping in the mountains在山里露营； go camping in the forest在森林里露营； go on a camping trip 进行一次露营旅行。
例如： My parents enjoy going camping in the forest in spring. 我父母喜欢春天去森林里露营。
(3)结构：“go＋doing”是固定搭配， 表示“去做某项户外活动或运动”，如go hiking远足， 徒步；go fishing钓鱼。
例如： My father often goes fishing on weekends. 我爸爸周末经常去钓鱼。
(1)她现在盼望着暑假和朋友们一起去露营。
She is looking forward to going camping with her friends on summer vacation now.
(2)My family often C in the forest on weekends.
A. go camp B. goes camping
C. go camping D. going camping
Ⅰ. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 去乡下露营是令人放松的。
It's relaxing to go camping in the countryside.
2. 例如， 我会确保我离开时关掉所有的灯。
For example, I will make sure I turn off all the lights when I leave.
3. 这位善良的妇女许诺要帮助穷人。
The kind woman made a promise to help the poor.
Ⅱ. 情景对话
请通读下面对话， 根据对话内容， 从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A: Hey, Tony. You look so excited. What's up
B: 1. C And we will be in the final(决赛).
A: You mean the school soccer games
B: Yes. It was quite hard for us to beat Class Two.
A: Congratulations to you all!
B: 2. D But now I am a little nervous.
A: Take it easy. You should be confident and believe in your team.
B: But sometimes I feel that we don't work well enough as a team.
A: Teamwork is very important. 3. F
B: Sounds good. I'll do it right away.
A: 4. A
B: Next Tuesday.
A: 5. B I will be free then and I can watch the game.
B: See you then. Bye!
A: See you!
A. By the way, when is the final B. That would be nice! C. We have just won a game. D. Thanks, Cindy. E. What about next Tuesday F. Maybe you can talk with your teammates about that.
1/4第五课时 Reading for writing 5～Reflection
本单元以“团队”为话题， 介绍如何组建团队， 如何分配团队任务， 如何与团队成员沟通， 如何面对团队合作中各个方面的问题等。学生应学会介绍团队合作的经历， 表达对团队合作的热爱；能够正确使用一般现在时描述团队合作的感受和经历。
1. 团队合作在我们的生活中是非常重要的。
Teamwork is of great importance in our life.
2. 它可以帮助我们完成我们无法独自完成的更困难的任务。
It can help us achieve more difficult tasks that we can't complete alone.
3. 在团队中， 我们应该开诚布公地交流。
In a team, we should communicate openly .
4. 我们需要尊重每一个成员和他们的贡献。
We need to respect each member and their contributions.
5. 让我们重视团队合作， 享受团队合作的过程。
Let's value teamwork and enjoy the process of working as a team ．
学会与他人进行良好的沟通和合作至关重要。假如你是李华， 你校英语社团正在开展以“Teamwork”为题的征文活动。请你根据以下要点提示， 用英语写一篇短文， 参加此次活动。
要点：1. What do you think of teamwork
2. What should we do in a team
3. What can we learn from teamwork
要求：1. 短文必须包括所给要点， 可适当发挥；
2. 语句通顺， 意思连贯， 书写工整；
3. 文中不得出现任何真实信息(姓名和校名等)；
4. 80词左右。
Teamwork
Step 1 审题·定基调
1. 定人称：以第一人称为主
2. 定时态：以一般现在时为主
3. 定核心：介绍对团队合作的看法、团队中应采取的行动、从团队合作中可学习到的内容
Step 2 谋篇·定布局
Step 3 润色·成美文
Teamwork
Teamwork is of great importance in our life.① It can help us achieve more difficult tasks that we can't complete alone.②
In a team, we should communicate openly, share ideas and listen to others patiently. Also, we need to respect each member and their contributions.
From teamwork, we can learn how to cooperate, understand the power of unity, and develop problem solving skills together. Let's value teamwork and enjoy the process of working as a team.
【佳作赏析】
①运用“be of＋抽象名词”结构， 相当于be＋形容词。
②运用由that引导的定语从句。
善于合作是一种重要能力， 你校英文周刊以“Work Together, Enjoy Teamwork”为题向同学们征稿， 请你写一篇英语短文， 介绍与他人合作的一次经历并谈谈你的感受。
内容包括：
1. 合作的重要性；
2. 一次合作的经历；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 词数为80左右， 开头已给出， 不计入总词数；
2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯；
3. 文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称。
参考词汇及短语： wisdom智慧； team spirit团队精神
Work Together, Enjoy Teamwork
It is very important to work with others as a team. Teamwork helps us share ideas and wisdom, and it makes tasks easier to complete.
Last week, our class had a group project to make a poster about environmental protection. At first, I was worried because I didn't know how to start. But my group members had great ideas. We discussed together and decided on the theme and the design. I was in charge of drawing, while others wrote the text and did the research. We all worked hard and helped each other. In the end, we made a beautiful poster and got a good grade.
I learned that teamwork is powerful. Team spirit is really important.
1/3(共25张PPT)
Unit 3 What makes a great team
第二课时 Understanding ideas 5～8
目录
02
合作探究·培思维
01
自主学习·强能力
03
素养达标·提能力
自主学习·强能力
01
完成教材原句， 并体会情态动词的用法
1. 我该怎么办？
What __________ I do
2. 您能给我一些建议吗？
_________ you please advise me
3. 所以，出现分歧时， 领导者应该承担起责任。
So the leader __________ take responsibility in times of disagreement.
4. 首先， 你应该和丽莎讨论一下这个问题。
First, you __________ discuss the matter with Lisa.
5. 你是导演， 但你不必亲自处理所有问题。
You're the director, but you _________ ________ ______ deal with all the problems yourself.
should
Could
should
should
don't
have
to
合作探究·培思维
02
情态动词(Ⅰ)
一、定义
情态动词本身有一定的含义， 表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法。情态动词所表示的情态有：命令、允诺、义务、可能、需要等。情态动词一般无人称和数的变化， 后面接的动词需用原形， 否定式是在情态动词后面加not。
二、用法
1. should
表示建议或劝告， 意为“应当”， 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式should not (shouldn't)表示“不应”的意思。例如：
You should listen to the doctor's advice. 你应当听从医生的建议。
You shouldn't eat too much junk food if you want to stay healthy.
如果你想保持健康， 就不应该吃太多垃圾食品。
【典例】
—Excuse me, we ________ wait in line to get on the subway.
—I'm sorry.
A. might B. would C. could D. should
解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：——对不起， 我们应该排队上地铁。——我很抱歉。might可以； would将； could可以； should应该。根据“we...wait in line to get on the subway”可知， 应该排队上地铁。故选D。
√
2. must
意为“必须”， 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式must not(mustn't)表示“不应该”或“禁止”的意思。例如：
She must learn to manage her time better. 她必须学会更好地管理时间。
You mustn't talk loudly in the library. 图书馆内禁止大声喧哗。
【拓展】
must表示推测， 意为“一定；肯定”， 通常用于肯定句中。例如：
He must be tired after working all day. 他工作了一整天， 一定很累。
【典例】
Did you see the sign “No swimming”？ You ________ swim in the river.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. don't have to
解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意：你看见“不准游泳”这个标志了吗？你不可以在这条河里游泳。needn't不必；mustn't禁止， 不可以；don't have to不必。故选B。
√
3. can
意为“请求允许”和“给予许可”，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式cannot(can't)表示“不能， 不可以”，语气弱于must not(mustn't)。例如：
When you get to know each other better or when they ask you to, you can just use their first names. 当你们更加熟悉或他们请你(这样做)时， 你就可以只称呼他们的名字了。
You can't put the milk in first. 你不能先倒入牛奶。
Can I have a look at your photos？我可以看一下你的照片吗？
【拓展】
(1)can意为“会；能， 能够”， 表示能力。例如：
I can speak English and Chinese. 我会说英语和汉语。
(2)can意为“可能”， 表示推测。其否定形式can't意为“很可能不”， 表示某事几乎不可能发生。例如：
He can't be at home because I saw him in the street just now.
他不太可能在家， 因为我刚刚在街上看到他了。
【典例】
—Bill, ________ I use your ruler
—Of course you can. Here you are.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：——比尔， 我可以用你的尺子吗？——当然可以。给你。can“可以， 能够”， 表示请求许可、能力或可能性；must“必须”， 表示义务、必要性或强烈建议；need“需要”，表示需求或必要性， 多用于否定和疑问句；should“应该”， 表示建议、义务或推测。问句是说话人向比尔请求使用尺子， 答句用 “Of course you can.” 回应， 说明问句需用表示 “请求许可” 的情态动词。故选A。
√
4. need
need作情态动词时意为“需要”， 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式need not (needn't)表示“不需要”或“不必要”。例如：
You needn't wait. 你不必等待。
【拓展】
need也可以作行为动词， 意为“需要”， 常用于need to do sth(需要做某事)结构。例如：
I need to clean the house. 我需要把房子打扫一下。
【典例】
—Shall we meet at the station at 7 am
—In fact, we ________. The train ________ until 9 am.
A. mustn't; doesn't leave B. mustn't; leaves
C. needn't; won't leave D. needn't; leave
解析：考查情态动词辨析。need“需要”， 否定式是needn't；must“必须， 一定”， 其否定形式mustn't表示“禁止”。句意：我们上午七点在车站见面好吗？——实际上， 我们不必。火车上午九点才出发。结合语境可知，后一空描述的是将要发生的动作， 用一般将来时态。故选C。
√
5. have to
(1)have to和must都表示“必须”，但must侧重于说话者的主观看法， 认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to侧重于客观需要， 含有“不得不， 被迫”之意。例如：
All passengers must wear seat belts. 所有乘客都要系安全带。
My bike was broken yesterday, so I had to walk to school.
昨天我的自行车坏了， 所以我只能走路去学校。
(2)用于否定句时， must的否定式must not(mustn't)表示“一定不要， 不允许”；而have to的否定式do not(don't) have to表示“不必”(＝needn't)。例如：
You mustn't tell him about it. 你绝对不要告诉他这件事。(可能是秘密)
You don't have to tell him about it.
你不必告诉他这件事。(他可能知道了或者没有必要让他知道)
【典例】
—Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening
—Sorry, I can't. I ________ visit my sick grandmother in hospital.
A. have to B. may C. can D. could
解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：——明天晚上你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？——对不起， 我不能。我不得不去医院看望生病的奶奶。have to意为 “不得不；必须”； may表示“可能；可以”， 常用来表达许可或推测；can意为“能；会”， 多表示能力、许可等；could为can的过去式， 也可用于委婉语气。故选A。
√
6. had better
表示劝告或建议， 意为“最好……”。例如：
You'd better get some sleep. 你最好睡一会儿。
【注意】
had better一般不用于疑问句中， 但可用于否定句中， 其否定形式为had better not。例如：
You'd better not waste any more of your time. 你最好别再浪费你的时间了。
【典例】
It is going to rain. You'd better ________ the window open when you go out.
A. not leave B. not to leave C. won't leave D. no leaving
解析：考查情态动词的用法。had better后要接动词原形， 即 had better do sth“最好做某事”， 其否定形式had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”。故选A。
√
三、must, can, need的一般疑问句的回答
1. must开头的一般疑问句： 肯定回答“Yes, 主语＋must.”；否定回答“No, 主语＋needn't/don't/doesn't have to.”。例如：
—Must I come before 6：30 tomorrow？明天我必须在六点半之前来吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't (don't have to).是的， 你必须在那之前到。/不， 你不必在那之前到。
2. can开头的一般疑问句：肯定回答“Yes, 主语＋can.”；否定回答“No, 主语＋can't.”。例如：
—Can we go home now, please？请问我们现在能回家吗？
—Yes, you can./No, you can't. 可以。/不行。
3. need开头的一般疑问句：肯定回答“Yes, 主语＋must.”；否定回答“No, 主语＋needn't.”。例如：
—Need I report it to the police？我要向警方报告这件事吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't. 是的， 你必须报告。/不， 没必要。
【典例】
—Must I do the project on my own
—No, you ________. You can work with your classmates.
A. needn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. mustn't
解析：考查情态动词的用法。“Must I．..？”的否定回答必须用 “needn't” 或 “don't/doesn't have to”， 表示“不必”。故选 A。
√
素养达标·提能力
03
谢谢观看!单元主题：构建优秀的团队
单元导读 本单元主题为“构建优秀的团队”，属于“人与自我”主题范畴的子主题“理解他人感受”和“人与社会”主题范畴的子主题“团队合作的价值与意义”。围绕这一主题， 本单元从团队合作的价值、领导者的责任、成员协作方式、冲突解决策略等多个维度展开探讨。通过“三个兄弟和筷子”的故事、登山队协作登顶案例，强调团队协作比个人力量更强大。以Tony 担任戏剧导演的困境为例，探讨领导者在分配任务、解决冲突时应具备的决策能力和沟通技巧。通过Ms White给 Tony的建议，说明如何通过讨论、投票等方式公平处理团队矛盾。以登山队中刘连满甘当“人梯”为例，展现成员为团队目标牺牲个人利益的奉献精神。
语言能力 语法：情态动词should, must, can, need, have to及had better
学习能力 通过小组讨论实践“分工协作、投票决策”的学习模式， 培养自主与合作学习能力；将 Ms White 的建议迁移到新场景， 提升策略迁移能力；通过设计团队标识， 将抽象概念转化为视觉符号， 培养创新思维。
文化意识 理解集体目标优先于个人利益的文化内涵，认识 “团结就是力量” 的跨文化共识， 对比中西方团队文化的异同。
思维品质 分析Tony “呆住”的原因， 推理冲突背后的心理因素；对比 Ms White 的建议，判断哪种策略更高效，培养理性决策思维；从“领导者”“普通成员”“旁观者”等不同视角分析团队问题，培养换位思考能力；通过登山队案例， 理解“团队成功未必需要所有成员登顶”的辩证关系，突破“个人英雄主义”思维定式。
第一课时 Starting out～Understanding ideas 4
Ⅰ. 重点单词填一填
1. 导演n. director
2. 戏剧n. drama
3. 领导者n. leader
4. 角色n. role
5. 突然停止；呆住v. freeze
6. 沉默， 缄默n. silence
7. 糟糕的， 恶劣的adj. awful
8. 建议v. advise
9. 你真挚的(用于以头衔加姓氏称呼收信人的信函末尾)pron. yours
10. 合作， 协作， 配合n. teamwork
11. 优点， 长处， 优势n. strength
12. 弱点， 缺点， 不足n. weakness
13. 投票， 表决v. vote
14. 建议，提议n. suggestion
Ⅱ. 核心短语练一练
1. Thank you for (因……感谢你) inviting me to have dim sum at Guangzhou Restaurant. The shrimp dumplings were delicious!
2. What if (如果……会怎么样) we forget to close the windows before a typhoon comes We might get our house wet!
3. During Chinese New Year, my grandparents give out (分发) red envelopes with lucky money.
4. The customer stormed off (愤然离开) the restaurant after being told there would be a 40 minute wait for a table.
5. I take responsibility (承担责任) of helping my grandma make zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival every year.
Ⅲ. 经典句式悟一悟
1. My silence made Lisa angry. (angry在句中作宾语补足语；make sb＋形容词“使某人处于某种状态”)
译文： 我的沉默让丽萨生气了。
2. Sometimes good teamwork is hard to achieve！(动词不定式 to achieve 在句中作形容词hard的补足语， 用于补充说明其具体内容)
译文： 有时良好的团队合作难以实现！
3. Why not have Lisa and Mary both try two roles？(Why not＋动词原形？意为“为什么不……？”，表示提建议)
译文： 为什么不让丽萨和玛丽都尝试两个角色呢？
4. You're the director, but you don't have to deal with all the problems yourself. (由but连接的并列句；don't have to意为“没必要”)
译文： 你是导演，但你不必亲自处理所有问题。
5. I hope my advice is helpful. (my advice is helpful在句中作宾语从句)
译文： 我希望我的建议是有帮助的。
thank you for... 因……感谢你
thank you for 相当于 thanks for, 后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语， 说明感谢的原因。
例如： Thank you for making me director of our drama, Snow White. 感谢您让我担任戏剧《白雪公主》的导演。(教材·P36)
例如： Thanks for explaining this maths problem to me. Now I finally understand it. 谢谢你给我讲解这道数学题。我现在终于懂了。
【拓展】
thanks to 意为“由于；多亏；因为”，常用来引出积极结果的原因，也可用于客观说明事情发生的缘由， 相当于 because of。
例如： Thanks to your help, I finished the work on time. 多亏你的帮助， 我按时完成了工作。
(1)同义句转换
①Thank you for helping me with my homework.
Thanks for helping me with my homework.
②Thanks to the warm weather, the flowers bloomed early.
Because of the warm weather, the flowers bloomed early.
(2)翻译句子
①谢谢你告诉我这个好消息。
Thank you for/Thanks for telling me the good news.
②多亏了团队的努力， 我们按时完成了任务。
Thanks to the team's effort, we finished the task on time.
what if... 如果……会怎么样
what if 后句子用陈述语序，用于询问“如果……会怎么样？”或提出假设性问题，隐含对未来、现在的推测或对过去的虚拟；用“What if...？”对现在或未来进行假设，句子使用一般过去时。
例如： But what if I was wrong 可如果我错了呢？ (教材·P36)
【拓展】
对现在或未来的可能性询问，句子使用一般现在时；对过去的虚拟(与事实相反)，句子使用过去完成时。
例如： What if we order pizza for dinner 我们晚餐点比萨如何？
例如： What if they had missed the flight 如果他们当时错过了航班会怎么样？
(1)要是我们搬到新城市会怎么样？
What if we moved to a new city
(2)如果明天下雨， 我们的野餐该怎么办？
What if it rains tomorrow What will we do about the picnic
advise v. 建议
(1)advise sb (not) to do sth 建议某人(不要)做某事
例如： Could you please advise me 请问您能给我一些建议吗？ (教材·P36)
例如： I advised him to stay calm. 我劝他保持冷静。
(2)advise (not) doing sth 建议(不要)做某事
例如： She advised starting the project early. 她建议早点启动项目。
(3)advise sb against doing sth 建议某人不要做某事
例如： I would strongly advise you against going out on your own. 我要极力奉劝你别单独外出。
【拓展】
其名词形式 advice为不可数名词
例如： My father gave me some useful advice. 我的父亲给了我一些有用的建议。
(1)The doctor advised her to take (take) a week off.
(2)I advise not trusting (not trust) strangers online.
(3)The sign advises visitors not to touch (not touch) the exhibits.
(4)我劝你们本周末不要举行晚会。
I would advise you against having a party this weekend.
why not... 为什么不……
“Why not...？”意为“为什么不……？”后面接动词原形， 用于提出建议， 相当于“Why don't you/we...？”
例如：Why not have Lisa and Mary both try two roles 为什么不让丽萨和玛丽都尝试两个角色呢？(教材·P37)
例如：Why not go to school now？＝Why don't you go to school now 现在为什么不去上学呢？
【拓展】
英语中， 提建议的其他句型：
(1)Would you like/love to do sth 你愿意做某事吗？
(2)Shall I/we do sth 我们做某事， 好吗？
(3)Let's do sth.咱们一起做某事吧。
(4)You'd better (not) do sth.你最好(不要)做某事。
(5) What/How about (doing) sth (做)某事怎么样？
(6)Do you mind...？/Would you mind... 你介意……吗？
(7)You should (not) do sth.你应该(不要)做某事。
(8)It's a good idea to do sth.做某事是个好主意。
Why not join the school club？(同义句转换)
Why don't we join the school club
Ⅰ. 从方框中选择合适的词并用其适当形式填空
1. The film director asked the actor to say “Have you eaten？” in the scene, because it's a common greeting in China.
2. This packet of cookies is yours —my grandma made them specially for you in Guangzhou!
3. My biggest weakness is that I can't say no to double layer steamed milk in Shunde—it's too delicious!
4. —The girl is playing with fire. It's too dangerous.
—Her mother was away and couldn't advise her. Let's stop her.
5. My suggestion is to try dim sum at a teahouse in Guangzhou, like shrimp dumplings and shumai—you'll love it.
Ⅱ. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 老师决定在考试前发练习册， 帮助学生复习。
The teacher decided to give out worksheets before the exam to help students review.
2. 作为团队领导者， 你应该为团队决策的后果承担责任。
As a team leader, you should take responsibility for the consequences of team decisions.
3. 感谢你昨天帮我搬沉重的行李， 你真是太好了。
Thank you for helping me with my heavy luggage yesterday—it was very kind of you.
4. 如果你错过今晚最后一班火车怎么办？
What if you miss the last train tonight
5. 如果你担心即将到来的演讲， 为什么不先在镜子前练习一下呢？
If you are worried about the upcoming presentation, why not practise in front of the mirror first
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
The Ants and Their Food
Ants are fascinating creatures that live in organized colonies. They are known for their hard work and teamwork. One day, a group of ants was searching for food in the forest. Suddenly, they found a large piece of bread. The bread was much bigger than any single ant, but the ants didn't give up. They quickly formed a line and started to carry the bread back to their nest.
The journey was not easy. The bread was heavy, and the path was full of obstacles. However, the ants worked together, supporting each other along the way. Some ants pulled from the front, while others pushed from behind. They communicated with each other using chemical signals, making sure everyone knew what to do.
As they were moving the bread, another group of ants joined them. Together, they made the task easier and faster. Finally, after a lot of hard work, they reached their nest. The queen ant was happy to see the food and rewarded the worker ants for their efforts.
This story shows us the importance of teamwork and perseverance. Just like the ants, when we work together and don't give up, we can achieve great things.
( B )1. What did the ants find in the forest
A. A small piece of bread.
B. A large piece of bread.
C. A large piece of cheese.
D. A small piece of cake.
( C )2. How did the ants move the bread
A. By flying. B. By swimming.
C. By carrying it in a line. D. By rolling it.
( B )3. What did the ants use to communicate with each other
A. Sound. B. Chemical signals.
C. Body language. D. Light signals.
( C )4. Who joined the first group of ants while they were moving the bread
A. A group of bees. B. A lot of butterflies.
C. Another group of ants. D. Some lovely birds.
( C )5. What lesson can we learn from this story
A. Working alone is better for everyone.
B. Giving up is sometimes necessary.
C. Teamwork and perseverance are important.
D. Only strong ants can succeed.
1/3(共15张PPT)
Unit 3 What makes a great team
第五课时 Reading for writing 5～Reflection
目录
03
典例研磨·构框架
02
词句储备·丰素材
04
素养达标·提能力
01
主题剖析·明主旨
主题剖析·明主旨
01
本单元以“团队”为话题， 介绍如何组建团队， 如何分配团队任务， 如何与团队成员沟通， 如何面对团队合作中各个方面的问题等。学生应学会介绍团队合作的经历， 表达对团队合作的热爱；能够正确使用一般现在时描述团队合作的感受和经历。
词句储备·丰素材
02
1. 团队合作在我们的生活中是非常重要的。
Teamwork is ______ _________ ______________ in our life.
2. 它可以帮助我们完成我们无法独自完成的更困难的任务。
It can help us ___________ ________ _____________ _________ that we can't complete alone.
3. 在团队中， 我们应该开诚布公地交流。
In a team, we should _______________ __________.
of
great
importance
achieve
more
difficult
tasks
communicate
openly
4. 我们需要尊重每一个成员和他们的贡献。
We need to ___________ ________ __________ and their contributions.
5. 让我们重视团队合作， 享受团队合作的过程。
Let's _________ ____________ and enjoy the process of working ______ _____ ________．
respect
each
member
value
teamwork
as
a
team
典例研磨·构框架
03
学会与他人进行良好的沟通和合作至关重要。假如你是李华， 你校英语社团正在开展以“Teamwork”为题的征文活动。请你根据以下要点提示， 用英语写一篇短文， 参加此次活动。
要点：1. What do you think of teamwork
2. What should we do in a team
3. What can we learn from teamwork
要求：1. 短文必须包括所给要点， 可适当发挥；
2. 语句通顺， 意思连贯， 书写工整；
3. 文中不得出现任何真实信息(姓名和校名等)；
4. 80词左右。
Teamwork
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Step 1 审题·定基调
1. 定人称：以第一人称为主
2. 定时态：以一般现在时为主
3. 定核心：介绍对团队合作的看法、团队中应采取的行动、从团队合作中可学习到的内容
Step 2 谋篇·定布局
Step 3 润色·成美文
Teamwork
Teamwork is of great importance in our life.① It can help us achieve more difficult tasks that we can't complete alone.②
In a team, we should communicate openly, share ideas and listen to others patiently. Also, we need to respect each member and their contributions.
From teamwork, we can learn how to cooperate, understand the power of unity, and develop problem solving skills together. Let's value teamwork and enjoy the process of working as a team.
【佳作赏析】
①运用“be of＋抽象名词”结构， 相当于be＋形容词。
②运用由that引导的定语从句。
素养达标·提能力
04
谢谢观看!第二课时 Understanding ideas 5～8
完成教材原句， 并体会情态动词的用法
1. 我该怎么办？
What should I do
2. 您能给我一些建议吗？
Could you please advise me
3. 所以，出现分歧时， 领导者应该承担起责任。
So the leader should take responsibility in times of disagreement.
4. 首先， 你应该和丽莎讨论一下这个问题。
First, you should discuss the matter with Lisa.
5. 你是导演， 但你不必亲自处理所有问题。
You're the director, but you don't have to deal with all the problems yourself.
情态动词(Ⅰ)
一、定义
情态动词本身有一定的含义， 表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法。情态动词所表示的情态有：命令、允诺、义务、可能、需要等。情态动词一般无人称和数的变化， 后面接的动词需用原形， 否定式是在情态动词后面加not。
二、用法
1. should
表示建议或劝告， 意为“应当”， 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式should not (shouldn't)表示“不应”的意思。例如：
You should listen to the doctor's advice. 你应当听从医生的建议。
You shouldn't eat too much junk food if you want to stay healthy.
如果你想保持健康， 就不应该吃太多垃圾食品。
【典例】
—Excuse me, we wait in line to get on the subway.
—I'm sorry.
A. might B. would C. could D. should
解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：——对不起， 我们应该排队上地铁。——我很抱歉。might可以； would将； could可以； should应该。根据“we...wait in line to get on the subway”可知， 应该排队上地铁。故选D。
2. must
意为“必须”， 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式must not(mustn't)表示“不应该”或“禁止”的意思。例如：
She must learn to manage her time better. 她必须学会更好地管理时间。
You mustn't talk loudly in the library. 图书馆内禁止大声喧哗。
【拓展】
must表示推测， 意为“一定；肯定”， 通常用于肯定句中。例如：
He must be tired after working all day. 他工作了一整天， 一定很累。
【典例】
Did you see the sign “No swimming”？ You swim in the river.
A. needn't B. mustn't C. don't have to
解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意：你看见“不准游泳”这个标志了吗？你不可以在这条河里游泳。needn't不必；mustn't禁止， 不可以；don't have to不必。故选B。
3. can
意为“请求允许”和“给予许可”，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式cannot(can't)表示“不能， 不可以”，语气弱于must not(mustn't)。例如：
When you get to know each other better or when they ask you to, you can just use their first names. 当你们更加熟悉或他们请你(这样做)时， 你就可以只称呼他们的名字了。
You can't put the milk in first. 你不能先倒入牛奶。
Can I have a look at your photos？我可以看一下你的照片吗？
【拓展】
(1)can意为“会；能， 能够”， 表示能力。例如：
I can speak English and Chinese. 我会说英语和汉语。
(2)can意为“可能”， 表示推测。其否定形式can't意为“很可能不”， 表示某事几乎不可能发生。例如：
He can't be at home because I saw him in the street just now.
他不太可能在家， 因为我刚刚在街上看到他了。
【典例】
—Bill, I use your ruler
—Of course you can. Here you are.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：——比尔， 我可以用你的尺子吗？——当然可以。给你。can“可以， 能够”， 表示请求许可、能力或可能性；must“必须”， 表示义务、必要性或强烈建议；need“需要”，表示需求或必要性， 多用于否定和疑问句；should“应该”， 表示建议、义务或推测。问句是说话人向比尔请求使用尺子， 答句用 “Of course you can.” 回应， 说明问句需用表示 “请求许可” 的情态动词。故选A。
4. need
need作情态动词时意为“需要”， 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。否定形式need not (needn't)表示“不需要”或“不必要”。例如：
You needn't wait. 你不必等待。
【拓展】
need也可以作行为动词， 意为“需要”， 常用于need to do sth(需要做某事)结构。例如：
I need to clean the house. 我需要把房子打扫一下。
【典例】
—Shall we meet at the station at 7 am
—In fact, we . The train until 9 am.
A. mustn't; doesn't leave B. mustn't; leaves
C. needn't; won't leave D. needn't; leave
解析：考查情态动词辨析。need“需要”， 否定式是needn't；must“必须， 一定”， 其否定形式mustn't表示“禁止”。句意：我们上午七点在车站见面好吗？——实际上， 我们不必。火车上午九点才出发。结合语境可知，后一空描述的是将要发生的动作， 用一般将来时态。故选C。
5. have to
(1)have to和must都表示“必须”，但must侧重于说话者的主观看法， 认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to侧重于客观需要， 含有“不得不， 被迫”之意。例如：
All passengers must wear seat belts. 所有乘客都要系安全带。
My bike was broken yesterday, so I had to walk to school.
昨天我的自行车坏了， 所以我只能走路去学校。
(2)用于否定句时， must的否定式must not(mustn't)表示“一定不要， 不允许”；而have to的否定式do not(don't) have to表示“不必”(＝needn't)。例如：
You mustn't tell him about it. 你绝对不要告诉他这件事。(可能是秘密)
You don't have to tell him about it.
你不必告诉他这件事。(他可能知道了或者没有必要让他知道)
【典例】
—Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening
—Sorry, I can't. I visit my sick grandmother in hospital.
A. have to B. may C. can D. could
解析：考查情态动词辨析。句意：——明天晚上你能来参加我的生日聚会吗？——对不起， 我不能。我不得不去医院看望生病的奶奶。have to意为 “不得不；必须”； may表示“可能；可以”， 常用来表达许可或推测；can意为“能；会”， 多表示能力、许可等；could为can的过去式， 也可用于委婉语气。故选A。
6. had better
表示劝告或建议， 意为“最好……”。例如：
You'd better get some sleep. 你最好睡一会儿。
【注意】
had better一般不用于疑问句中， 但可用于否定句中， 其否定形式为had better not。例如：
You'd better not waste any more of your time. 你最好别再浪费你的时间了。
【典例】
It is going to rain. You'd better the window open when you go out.
A. not leave B. not to leave C. won't leave D. no leaving
解析：考查情态动词的用法。had better后要接动词原形， 即 had better do sth“最好做某事”， 其否定形式had better not do sth“最好不要做某事”。故选A。
三、must, can, need的一般疑问句的回答
1. must开头的一般疑问句： 肯定回答“Yes, 主语＋must.”；否定回答“No, 主语＋needn't/don't/doesn't have to.”。例如：
—Must I come before 6：30 tomorrow？明天我必须在六点半之前来吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't (don't have to).是的， 你必须在那之前到。/不， 你不必在那之前到。
2. can开头的一般疑问句：肯定回答“Yes, 主语＋can.”；否定回答“No, 主语＋can't.”。例如：
—Can we go home now, please？请问我们现在能回家吗？
—Yes, you can./No, you can't. 可以。/不行。
3. need开头的一般疑问句：肯定回答“Yes, 主语＋must.”；否定回答“No, 主语＋needn't.”。例如：
—Need I report it to the police？我要向警方报告这件事吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn't. 是的， 你必须报告。/不， 没必要。
【典例】
—Must I do the project on my own
—No, you . You can work with your classmates.
A. needn't B. can't C. shouldn't D. mustn't
解析：考查情态动词的用法。“Must I．..？”的否定回答必须用 “needn't” 或 “don't/doesn't have to”， 表示“不必”。故选 A。
Ⅰ. 用恰当的情态动词填空
1. Mr Wang can't be in Nanjing now. He left for Beijing this morning.
2. —Must I hand in my paintings right now, Mr Smith
—No, you needn't . You can give them to me before 5：00 pm.
3. —I forgot to bring my dictionary. Can I use yours, Tom
—Yes, you can ．
4. —Shall we meet at the bus station at 9：00 am
—In fact, we needn't . The bus won't leave until 11：30 am.
5. —May I go out for a while, Mum
—No, you mustn't. You have to wait at home for your aunt.
6. — Must I finish the survey report right now, sir
—No, you needn't. You can complete it this afternoon.
7. —You mustn't open the door before the train gets into the station, Dora. It's dangerous.
—OK.
8. Dirty air and water are harmful. We should take action to reduce pollution and protect our environment.
9. —David, could you please send the letter to me
—OK.
10. The book must be Mary's. We can see her name on it.
Ⅱ. 配对阅读
下面的材料A－F是六部卡通片的介绍， 请根据Bob、 Lisa、 Alan、 Mike、 Lucy五位同学的实际情况， 为他们推荐合适的卡通片。有一项多余。
( F )1. Bob likes trying some exciting things. He dreams of going on an adventure with his friends in the future. ( D )2. Lisa is a music lover. She likes listening to music in her free time. She wants to choose a cartoon in which she can enjoy different kinds of popular music. ( A )3. Alan loves cartoon heroes with superpower. He thinks the heroes in cartoons are cool and brave. He has had a superhero dream since he was a little boy. ( C )4. Mike likes doing some sports. He is good at many sports such as playing football. But kung fu is Mike's favourite. He wants to learn more about this martial art. ( E )5. Lucy is interested in Chinese culture, such as Chinese painting, paper cutting and so on. She wants to choose a cartoon with Chinese characteristics. A. Teen Titans Go! It is a superhero cartoon. The main characters in the cartoon all have special powers. They use their powers to save the world from danger. B. The Soccer Football Movie In the movie, a bad scientist makes football stars unable to play football. Four young football fans work together to help the football stars get back their abilities. C. Kung Fu Panda It's an American cartoon movie with Chinese kung fu. The hero is a panda named Po. Po is a big fan of kung fu and finally he learns it well and uses it to protect the Valley of Peace. D. Sing It is a musical comedy about a koala. He takes over a theatre from his father. To make the theatre as popular as before, he decides to hold a singing competition in the theatre. In this cartoon, you can enjoy a lot of popular songs sung by cute animals. E. Havoc in Heaven This cartoon tells the story of a monkey who leads a group of monkeys against the rule of the Emperor in heaven. This cartoon shows many Chinese characteristics, such as hand drawn Chinese pictures. F. Gravity Falls It is a cartoon about a brother and a sister. They spend their summer holiday in Gravity Falls, a small town. There they meet many strange things and experience an exciting adventure.
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