(共29张PPT)
单元要点回顾
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 1．loan n． ____________
2．servant n． _____________
3．mining n． ______________
4．opera n． _______
5．dinosaur n． _______
6．consulate n． _________
7．tailor n． ____________
贷款；借款
仆人；用人
采矿；采矿业
歌剧
恐龙
领事馆
(男装)裁缝
知识要点 重点内容
阅读词汇 vt． _________________
8．clerk n． __________________
9．stair n． ____________
10．frown n．& vi． _______
11．ambassador n． __________________
12．upper-class adj． ________________________
13．saying n． __________________
14．external adj． ________________________
专门制作；定做
职员；文书；店员
楼梯；梯级
皱眉
大使；使节；代表
上流社会的；上等阶层的
谚语；格言；警句
外部的；外面的；外来的
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 1．__________ n．塑料 adj．塑料制的；塑料的
2．__________ n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面
3．__________ vi．& modal v．胆敢；敢于
4．__________ n．种类；类别
5．__________ vt．延迟；延期；延缓
6．__________ adj．奇怪的；怪异的；反常的
7．__________ n．义务；职责；责任
plastic
scene
dare
sort
postpone
odd
obligation
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 8．__________ adv．无处；哪里都不
9．__________ n．程度；限度；大小；范围
10．__________ n．音乐剧 adj．音乐的
11．__________ vt．& vi．拥抱；抱紧
12．__________ vt．追求；致力于
13．__________ n．责任；义务；职责；值班
14．__________ vt．按顺序排列 n．顺序；一系列
nowhere
extent
musical
hug
pursue
duty
sequence
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 15．__________ adv．最后；终于
16．__________ adv．顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下
17．__________ adv．到旁边；在旁边；留；存
18．__________ adv．其实；实际上；当然；确实
19．__________ adj．愿意；乐意
20．__________ n．要素；基本部分
21．__________ n．故事情节；布局；阴谋
eventually
downstairs
aside
indeed
willing
element
plot
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 22．__________ vt．维持；保持；维修；保养
23．__________ n．打赌；赌注 vi．& vt．下赌注；用……打赌 vt．敢说
24．__________ adv．& prep．在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下
maintain
bet
beneath
知识要点 重点内容
写作词汇 25．__________ vt．& vi．表明；显示 vt．象征；暗示
26．__________ n．举止；行为方式；方法；[pl.]礼貌；礼仪
indicate
manner
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 1．______ n．基础；根据；基点→ _______ n．基础 vt．以……为基础→ ________ adj．基础的；基本的→ __________ adv．大体上；基本上；从根本上说
2．__________ vi．道歉；谢罪→ __________ n．道歉；致歉
3．_______ vt．忽视；对……不予理会→ _________ n．无知；愚昧→ ________ adj．愚昧的；无知的
basis
base
basic
basically
apologise
apology
ignore
ignorance
ignorant
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 4．________ vt．& vi．评价；评判；判断 n．法官；审判员；裁判员→ ___________ n．判断；意见
5．________ n．(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员→________ vt．讲(故事)；叙述；给(纪录片或节目)作解说→ ________ n．叙述；讲述；解说
judge
judgement
narrator
narrate
narration
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 6．_______ vi．& vt．(船)航行；(人)乘船航行→ ________ n．水手；海员；驾船人
7．_______ vt．看见；注意到；发现 n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹→ ________ adj．织物等有花点的；有斑点的
8．________ n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力→ ________ adj．耐心的 n．病人→ _________ adv．耐心地
sail
sailor
spot
spotted
patience
patient
patiently
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 9．__________ n．打算；计划；意图；目的→ ________ vt．& vi．打算→ __________ adj．故意的
10．________ vi．犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→ __________ n．犹豫；迟疑→ ________ adj．犹豫的；迟疑的
11．________ n．可选择的事情；选择；选择权→ _________ adj．可选择的
intention
intend
intentional
hesitate
hesitation
hesitant
option
optional
知识要点 重点内容
拓展词汇 12．______ adj．宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的→ _______ vi．& vt．变宽；(使)扩大影响；增长(经验、知识等) → ________ adv．大体上，基本上；咧开嘴(笑)
13．________ adj．典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的 n．常态；通常标准；一般水平→ ___________ adj．不正常的
14．___________ n．准许；许可；批准；许可证→ ________ vt．& vi．允许；准许；使有可能
broad
broaden
broadly
normal
abnormal
permission
permit
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 1．以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
______________
2．既然那样；假使那样的话 ______________
3．把……拉到一边 _____________
4．as if ________
5．脱掉 ___________
in a...manner
in that case
pull...aside
好像
take off
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 6．愿意或乐意做某事 ___________________
7．列出……的清单 _________________
8．渴望做某事 __________________
9．第一次 _________________
10．把……错当作…… ________________
11．被困在……中 _____________
12．以防；以防万一 _________
be willing to do sth
make a list of...
be eager to do sth
for the first time
mistake...for...
be stuck in
in case
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 13．到……程度；在……程度上
___________
14．in need ________________________
15．出乱子；陷入困境 _______________
16．既然 __________
17．值班；值勤 _________
18．最后；终于 ___________
to...extent
困难中的；处于困境中的
get into trouble
now that
on duty
in the end
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 19．打个赌 _____________
20．事实上；其实；说真的 __________________
21．偶然地；意外地 _____________
22．说实话；坦率地说 _____________
23．ought to _____________
24．即将或正要(做某事) _________________
25．建立；创建 ________
make a bet
as a matter of fact
by accident
to be honest
应该；应当
be about to do sth
set up
知识要点 重点内容
重点短语 26．在某事的基础上；根据某事
________________
27．得出结论 __________________
28．作为回报；作为回应 ___________
29．take out a loan ____________
30．the upper class _____________________
on the basis of
draw a conclusion
in return
取得贷款
上流社会；上等阶层
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 1．_____ _____ _____ _______ _______ Chen Liyan’s story was reported．
这是陈丽燕的故事第一次被报道。
2．Chen took out a large loan ______ _______ ______ __________．
陈取得一大笔贷款来治好她的女儿。
It
was
the
first
time
to
cure
her
daughter
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 3．What kind of person ____ _____ ______ Chen Liyan is
你认为陈丽燕是什么样的人？
4...．but she ________ ______ __________ the money Wang offered．
……但是她本应该接受王提供的钱。
do
you
think
should
have
accepted
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 5．Is it common for people to do ________ ________ _____？
陈做的事对于人们来说是不是很常见？
6．They see a poor young man _________ ________ ________ ________．
他们看见一个可怜的年轻人在他们的房子外面走。
what
Chen
did
walking
outside
their
house
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 7．About a month ago，I was sailing，and towards night I _______ ________ ________ _____ ____ _____ by a strong wind．
大约一个月以前，我正在航行，傍晚时我发现自己被一阵强风刮到了海上。
found
myself
carried
out
to
sea
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 8．And _____ ______ _____ _______ _______ brought you to England．
就是这艘船把你带到了英国。
9．I remember thinking that ________ ________ _____ hold such a note as this...
记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
it
was
the
ship
that
never
would
I
知识要点 重点内容
重点句式 10．We (should) treat everyone we meet for the first time nicely，_____ ________ ______ ______ ______．
我们(应该)友好地对待第一次见面的人，不管他们看起来怎么样。
no
matter
how
they
look
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 情态动词和过去将来时
( )1．—Shall I tell John about it
—No，you ________．I’ve told him already．
A．mustn’t B．needn’t
C．shouldn’t D．wouldn’t
B
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 ( )2．—May I use your bike
—________．
A．No，you may not B．No，you mustn’t
C．Sorry，I’m afraid not D．Sorry，I don’t have to
( )3．You say you ________ not do it，but I say you ________ do it．
A．will；shall B．will；will
C．shall；shall D．shall；will
C
A
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 ( )4．You ________ me about it earlier，but you didn’t．
A．should tell B．should have told
C．would tell D．would have told
B
知识要点 重点内容
重点语法 ( )5．—The plane is leaving right now，but Jim hasn’t arrived yet．
—Well，he said he ________ here on time．
A．comes B．will come
C．came D．would come
D(共83张PPT)
Period Two Reading and Thinking
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
课前自主预习
Ⅰ.猜词意
A．仆人；用人
B．胆敢；敢于
C．延迟；延期；延缓
D．vt．看见；注意到；发现
n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹
E．奇怪的；怪异的；反常的
1．My father has been working as a civil servant for over 20 years． ( )
2．If you postpone an event，you delay it or arrange for it to take place at a later time than was originally planned． ( )
3．Sometimes I hardly dare open my mouth when staying with those who I’m not familiar with． ( )
【答案】1－3 ACB
4．There was something odd about him，but I couldn’t put my finger on it． ( )
5．James was called to see the producer and got the job on the spot． ( )
【答案】4－5 ED
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面→ ________ n．(总称)景色
(参考：cow→cattle)
2．sail vi．& vt．(船)航行；(人)乘船航行→ ________ n．水手
(参考：direct→director)
【答案】1．scenery 2．sailor
3．narrate vt．讲(故事)；叙述→ ________ n．(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员→ ________ n．叙述；讲述；解说
(参考：operate→operator→operation)
【答案】3．narrator；narration
4．patient adj．耐心的→ ________ n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力
(参考：present→presence)
5．indicate vt．& vi．表明；显示 vt．象征；暗示→ __________ n．指示；标示；象征；暗示
(参考：circulate→circulation)
【答案】4．patience 5．indication
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．________________ of children playing in the garden disappeared，and it was quiet again．
孩子们在花园里高兴地玩的快乐场面消失了，花园又安静了下来。
【答案】1．The happy scene
2．We shall never know whether this happened ___________ or by design．
我们永远也不会知道这件事是个意外还是事先安排的。
3．I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible．Just ____________________．
我会尽快调查这个问题的。耐心些。
【答案】2．by accident 3．have a little patience
4．The dark clouds __________ it is going to rain soon．
这些乌云说明不久就要下雨。
5．Let’s _________________until we have more information.
咱们在获取更多信息之后再做决定也不迟。
【答案】4．indicate (that) 5．postpone making a decision
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ．阅读课文，完成下面的思维导图
【答案】1．making a bet
【答案】2．was spotted 3．England
4．persuaded 5．promise
Ⅱ．阅读课文，选择正确选项
( )1．Why did the two brothers give Henry Adams an envelope
A．Because they made a bet．
B．Because they had a pity on Henry．
C．Because they wanted to play a trick on Henry．
D．Because Henry was not an Englishman．
【答案】 A
( )2．How did Henry Adams feel when he got an envelope from the brothers
A．Sad．
B．Happy．
C．Astonished．
D．He took it for granted．
【答案】 C
( )3．Henry came to Britain for the first time in his life ________．
A．all by accident
B．to find a better life
C．to make an adventure
D．to look for the two brothers
【答案】A
( )4．How did Henry feel when he heard one of the brothers say “What luck! Brother，what luck！”？
A．He felt he was lucky，too．
B．He thought he was a rich man．
C．He felt the two brothers would help him．
D．He was a bit angry and was ready to leave．
【答案】D
( )5．Why was Oliver so happy when hearing Henry say he had no money
A．Because they could do something good for him．
B．Because they finally found the right person for their bet．
C．Because they could show off their bank note to him．
D．Because they were surprised that the young man was so poor．
【答案】B
Ⅲ．课文语法填空
Henry was an American，who worked for a mining company. One day he was sailing in the bay when he had 1.________ accident．He found himself 2.________(carry) out to sea by a strong wind．He didn’t know whether he could survive the next morning．3.________(lucky)，he was spotted by a ship and arrived in London 4._______ accident．
【答案】1．an 2．carried 3．Luckily 4．by
He had no money and was very hungry．He was 5._______(lose) in London and was wandering in the street．To 6.________(he) surprise，an unbelievable thing happened．He 7._______(invite) into a house by two rich brothers．
【答案】5．lost 6．his 7．was invited
When the two brothers learnt that Henry had no money，one of the brothers said it was an advantage，8.________ made Henry upset．He thought they were making fun of him．He wanted to leave the house，9.________ the two brothers stopped him and gave him a letter．They asked him not 10.______(open) it until two o’clock．Henry said he would keep his word and left the house．
【答案】8．which 9．but 10．to open
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面
(P52)Read the scene and answer the questions．
【翻译】阅读这场戏并回答问题。
【用法详解】
behind the scene 在幕后；暗中
on the scene 在现场；当场
appear/come on the scene 到场；登场
make a scene 闹事；大吵大闹
make the scene 露面；参与
set the scene...为……作好准备
The whole place was a scene of feverish activity．
整个地方都是一片紧张忙碌的景象。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)All the competitors are required to write ________ the scene and the results will be announced immediately．
(2)Enemies ________ the scene are more dangerous than those on the stage．
【答案】(1)on (2) behind
完成句子
(3)Johnny has been trying to ________________ in the sports club for years．
多年来约翰尼一直试图积极地参与到体育俱乐部之中。
【答案】(3)make the scene
2．spot vt．看见；注意到；发现
n．地点；处所；斑点；污迹
(P52)The next morning I was spotted by a ship．
【翻译】第二天早上，一艘船发现了我。
【用法详解】
(1)spot sb doing sth 看到某人正在做某事
be spotted by...被……发现
be spotted with...满是……的斑点
(2)on the spot 当场；在现场
in a spot 处于困境中；在困难中
a spot of 少量的；一点儿
Neighbours spotted smoke coming out of the house．
邻居们发现烟从这所房子里冒出来。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)When he entered the room，he saw a coat which was spotted ________ oil．
【答案】(1)with
(2)Although she wore a pair of sunglasses，she was spotted ________ the media reporters．
(3)Looking out of the window，I spotted a few sheep _______ (run) fast on the grassland．
【答案】 (2)by (3)running
完成句子
(4)James was called to see the producer and got the job __________________．
詹姆斯被叫去见制片人，当场就得到了那份工作。
【答案】(4)on the spot
3．sort n．种类；类别
(P52)Tell us，what sort of work did you do in America
【翻译】告诉我们，你在美国做什么工作？
The software of this sort still needs importing．
这种软件仍然需要进口。
【用法详解】
(1)all sorts of＝all kinds of 各种各样的
of this/that sort/kind＝this/that sort of 这/那种
(2)sort vt．& vi．整理；分类；妥善处理
sort out 分类；整理；解决
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)They eventually achieved success after having experienced all __________(sort) of hardships．
(2)This sort __________ work demands great patience．
【答案】(1)sorts (2)of
完成句子
(3)It took quite a while _________________all our luggage．
整理我们的全部行李花了不少时间。
【答案】 (3)to sort out
4．patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力
(P52)Patience．If you don’t mind，may I ask you how much money you have
【翻译】耐心些。如果你不介意，我能问一下你有多少钱吗？
【用法详解】
(1)have patience with...对……有耐心
lose patience with...对……失去耐心
have the patience to do sth 有耐心做某事
with patience 耐心地
be out of patience with...对……忍无可忍
(2)patient adj．耐心的 n．病人；患者；受动者
be patient with...对……有耐心
The patient doctor is always treating her patients with great patience，no matter how impatient they grow．
那位耐心的医生总是很有耐心地对待她的病人，无论她的病人变得多么不耐烦。
(3)patiently adv．耐心地
(4)impatient adj．没有耐心的
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)The old granny talked endlessly，but we listened to her with great ________ (patient)．
(2)I am waiting _______(patient) for my turn to buy a ticket．
(3)Bob is a little slow in understanding，so we ought to be patient ________ him．
【答案】(1)patience (2)patiently (3)with
一句多译
(4)他只不过是一个小孩子，所以你必须对他耐心点。
→He is just a small child，so you must __________________ him．(patient)
→He is just a small child，so you must __________________ him．(patience)
【答案】be patient with；have patience with
5．indicate vt．& vi．表明；显示vt．象征；暗示
(P53)This implied meaning often indicates people’s feelings，attitudes，or motives．
【翻译】这个隐含的意思通常表示人们的感情、态度或动机。
【用法详解】
(1)indicate sth (to sb) 向表明某事
indicate (to sb) that...(向某人)表明/示意……
(2)indication n．迹象；表明；显示
(3)indicator n．指示器；指示物
(4)indicative adj．指示的；暗示的(仅作表语)
He indicated that an indicator should give me some indication of how I did in the test．
他表示，一个指标应该能让我知道我在测试中的表现。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)There are clear ________(indicate) that the economy is improving．
(2)Their failure to act is ________(indicate) of their lack of interest．
(3)She took out a map and indicated the quickest route ______ us．
【答案】(1)indications (2)indicative (3)to
完成句子
(4)These figures ________________ the company is in serious trouble．
这些数字向我表明这家公司处境艰难。
【答案】indicate to me that
6．postpone vt．延迟；延期；延缓
(P53)They said the letter inside would explain what it was all about，but he had to postpone opening it until 2 o’clock．
【翻译】他们说里面的信会解释这是怎么回事，但他不得不推迟到两点才能打开。
【用法详解】
(1)postpone doing sth 推迟做某事
postpone sth to/until/till...把某事推迟到……
(2)postponement n．延期；推迟
He decided to postpone the expedition until the following day．
他决定把探险推迟到第二天。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)In closing，we determined to postpone_________(conduct) the research．
(2)I am terribly sorry to postpone our appointment _________ next Sunday．
(3)Riots led to the __________(postpone) of local elections．
【答案】(1)conducting (2)to/until/till (3)postponement
◇句式解读
(P52)...and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind．
【翻译】……傍晚时我发现自己被一阵强风刮到了海上。
【考点提炼】本句中的“found myself carried out”是“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其中动词的-ed形式短语carried out作宾语补足语。
【归纳拓展】
(1)在“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，作宾语补足语的可以是动词的-ing形式(表示主动、进行)、动词的-ed形式(表示被动、完成)、形容词、副词、介词短语、名词等：
①find sb/sth doing 发现某人/某物在做……
②find sb/sth done 发现某人/某物被……
③find sb/sth＋adj．/adv．/n．/prep．觉得某人/某物……
(2)在“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，当宾语是不定式短语、动词的-ing形式短语或从句时，常用it作形式宾语，将真正的宾语置于宾语补足语之后。
When he woke up，he found himself lying in the hospital．
他醒过来的时候，发现自己躺在医院里。
I find it strange that she doesn’t want to go to the party．
她居然不想去聚会，我觉得奇怪。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)After I arrived in England，I found myself ________ (live) in a completely foreign culture．
(2)He hurried to the clinic，only to find the door ________ (close)．
【答案】(1)living (2)closed
(3)The two girls are so alike that strangers find ________ difficult to tell one from the other．
(4)To his surprise，he found the text very ____________ (interest)．
【答案】(3)it (4)interesting
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Finally，Mrs Brown lost her ________(patient) and started to yell at those naughty children．
2．The two brothers spotted a man in rags ________(walk) in the street at that time．
【答案】1．patience 2．walking
3．Mr Smith found the windows ________ (break) when he got home from the holiday．
4．It was when I was travelling to Beijing ________ I met my old friend Li Ping．
5．Please be quick! The important meeting is about ________ (begin)．
【答案】3．broken 4．that 5．to begin
6．It was an unpopular decision to postpone ________(build) the new hospital．
7．For himself，he wanted nothing but to be the humble ________(serve) of his country．
8．It was ________(use) by all kinds of people．
【答案】6．building 7．servant 8．used
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．In 1980 Julian Simon，an economist，and Paul Ehrlich，a biologist，_______________．
在1980年，经济学家朱利安·西蒙与生物学家保罗·埃利希打了一个赌。
【答案】1．made a bet
2．___________________，I set up the shop because I’m interested in the arts．
事实上，我开这家店完全是出于对工艺品的兴趣。
3．The silver must have fallen into the dough ___________．
这些银子一定是意外掉进面团里了。
【答案】2．As a matter of fact 3．by accident
4．_____________，the first lesson was not a great success．
老实说，第一节课并不是很成功的。
5．I _______ two young men _______ chess under the tree．
我看见两个年轻人正在树下下棋。
【答案】4．To be honest 5．spotted；playing
Ⅲ．微写作
一个不容忽视的(ignore)事实是，金钱一直是一些人所渴望的。有些人缺乏努力和耐心(patience)，总是想偶然(by accident)一夜暴富。事实上(as a matter of fact)，赚钱应该建立在辛勤劳动的基础上(on the basis of)。老实说(to be honest)，金钱并不一定意味着幸福。
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
A fact that cannot be ignored is that money has always been what some people long for．Some people lack effort and patience and always want to get rich overnight by accident．As a matter of fact，making a fortune ought to be on the basis of hard work．To be honest，money doesn’t necessarily mean happiness．
提升练
Ⅰ．七选五
China has been the birthplace of many of the world’s greatest inventions．It was，for example，the first country to produce paper money．Before the invention of paper money and coins，people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling．
1 This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering(物物交换)．
2 In 1200 BC，people in China began to use shells as money．Usually，the shells used as money were very small．This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances，and allowed trade to develop between different parts of the country．
In the years which followed this invention，many other countries around the world began to do the same． 3 .
The next development was in 1000 BC，when China started making bronze and copper shells．It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal． 4 By 500 BC，metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece，and later in the Roman Empire．
About 1,000 years later，leather was used as money in China，and in 806 AD，the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people． 5 .
A．As time went by，trade between countries increased．
B．People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs．
C．They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling．
D．It was still many years before paper money appeared in Europe．
E．However，as economies developed，such exchanges became impractical．
F．During that time，for example，buying a chicken might cost several potatoes．
G．The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could tie them together．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要按照时间顺序介绍了中国货币发展的历史。
1．F 根据上文“Before the invention of paper money and coins，people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling．”以及下文“This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering(物物交换)．”可知，空格处应与“物物交换”的内容有关。F项“例如，在那段时间里，买一只鸡可能要花几个土豆。”承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
2．E 根据上文“This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering(物物交换)．”以及下文“In 1200 BC，people in China began to use shells as money．”可知，空格处应起到过渡作用，说明上文物物交换存在的问题，从而引出下文贝壳作为货币的使用。E项“然而，随着经济的发展，这种交换变得不切实际。”承上启下，符合语境。故选E项。
3．C 根据上文“In the years which followed this invention，many other countries around the world began to do the same．”可知，空格处应说明其他国家模仿中国使用贝壳作为货币的情况。C项“他们也用小贝壳作为买卖的货币。”承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。
4．G 根据上文 “It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal．”以及下文“By 500 BC，metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece，and later in the Roman Empire．”可知，空格处应介绍中国圆形硬币的特点。G项“这种首次出现的钱币中经常有孔以便人们把它们串起来。”符合语境。故选G项。
5．D 根据上文“About 1,000 years later...the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people．”可知，空格处应与纸币有关。D项“很多年后纸币才出现在欧洲。”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
Ⅱ．语法填空
Last March I lost my camera while I was on a school trip．I left it on 1.________ bus on the way back to our school．I called the bus company the next day 2.________(check) if they could find it，but it wasn’t there．My parents got really angry and told me they couldn’t buy me a new one．
I knew they were right，so I decided I would get one by 3.________(I)．I started thinking 4.________ ways to make money and then save money．My parents 5.________(usual) give me ￡8 every week，so the first thing I did was to keep the money in the small box on the bookcase．
I also offered to help my uncle Alan．He’s often away for work，6.________ he can’t take his dog with him．I started to look after his dog when he wasn’t at home．After some time，my 7.________(uncle) neighbours saw me．They asked me if I could help with their cats，dogs and rabbits，too．So，I started working for three families 8.________(live) across the street．
In less than three months I had enough money to buy a new camera．It was the same as the one I had lost，but to me it was much 9.________(nice)．I paid for it with the money I made and it felt very different．This experience teaches me what it means to work hard and I 10.________(learn) that you must be careful with the things you have，because they take a lot of hard work．
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者自己赚钱购买新相机的经历。
1．the 考查冠词。根据空格后的“bus on the way back to our school”可知，此处特指作者回学校的公共汽车，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
2．to check 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构并根据空格后的“if they could find it”可知，作者打电话给公共汽车公司是为了检查他们是否找到作者的相机。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to check。
3．myself 考查代词。by oneself是固定短语，意为“独自地；单独”。故填myself。
4．of 考查介词。根据空格后的“ways to make money and then save money”以及语境可知，作者开始想办法赚钱和省钱。think of是固定短语，意为“想到”。故填of。
5．usually 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰动词give应用副词。故填usually。
6．but 考查连词。根据空格前的“He’s often away for work”以及空格后的“he can’t take his dog with him”可知，空格前后的内容存在转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。
7．uncle’s 考查名词所有格。分析句子结构并根据空格后的名词neighbours可知，空格处应用名词所有格修饰名词。故填uncle’s。
8．living 考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子结构可知，动词live与其逻辑主语“three families”是主动关系，应用动词的-ing形式作后置定语。故填living。
9．nicer 考查形容词的比较级。根据空格前的副词much可知，此处应用形容词比较级，表示“更好的”。故填nicer。
10．have learnt/learn 考查动词时态。根据空格后的“that you must be careful with the things you have”以及语境可知，此处可用现在完成时强调已经发生的事情对现在的影响，也可用一般现在时强调现在。故填have learnt/learn。(共77张PPT)
UNIT 5 单元测试卷
(满分：100分 建议用时：90分钟)
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
第一部分 语言知识(15分)
第一节 单句语法填空(10分)
1．Everyone admired her _______(patient) and unfailing good humour．
2．While wandering there，he spotted a naughty boy ______ (draw) on the wall．
【答案】1．patience 2．drawing
3．There’s enough information ________(indicate) that he has enough patience．
4．Five minutes later，the policemen arrived at the spot ________ the accident had happened．
5．You’d better take a magazine ________ case you have to wait for a long time．
【答案】3．indicating 4．where 5．in
6．Seeing the child trapped in the old house，the man didn’t hesitate ________(rush) in．
7．You’d better treat the clerks in your company ________ a friendly manner．
8．It is said that this subject is _______(option) in that school.
【答案】6．to rush 7．in 8．optional
9．We are grateful to you for ________(permit) to reproduce this article．
10．He came to this big city with the ________(intend) of finding a good job．
【答案】9．permission 10．intention
第二节 选词填空(5分)
in return；make a bet；on the basis of；by accident；to be honest；on duty；in that case
11．He helped us so much but asked for nothing __________.
12．________________，we had to cancel this school trip．
【答案】11．in return 12．In that case
13．_____________，the first lesson was not a great success.
14．Benefit is calculated _______________ average weekly earnings．
15．I read the nice article on the Internet ________________.
【答案】13．To be honest 14．on the basic of 15．by accident
第二部分 阅读(30分)
第一节 阅读理解(20分)
A
WANT TO DONATE TO PETA HERE’S HOW!
PETA has been around for over 40 years and has become the biggest and most well-known animal rights organisation in the world．Here’s everything you need to know about how donations were given to PETA to help save countless animals around the globe：
How Is PETA Funded
PETA is a nonprofit organisation，so we operate differently from for-profit companies．While for-profits get most of their money from selling goods or services，we get most of ours from donations from supporters．Whether they donate $5 or $500，those supporters help our work to save animals．
What Does PETA Do with Donations
We spend most of the money donated to us on programmes that include the following：
* Money for international grassroots campaigns goes toward managing campaigns that fight against companies and industries that harm animals．
* Money for public outreach and education goes toward spreading information about animal rights，advocacy，and vegan (纯素食者) living to as many people as possible．
* Money for research，investigations，and rescue goes toward developing compassionate(富有同情心的) research methods，exposing animal abuse，and rescuing animals from those who hurt them．
How Can You Donate
Want to contribute to our work That’s great! Talk with your parents about donating to us and ask them to help you click here．If your family can’t donate right now，that’s totally OK—you can always come to this page and donate in the future．
( )16．What is the primary funding source for PETA
A．Selling goods and services．
B．Bank lending．
C．Donations from supporters．
D．Government funds．
( )17．Which programme is supported by PETA’s donations
A．Building animal theme parks．
B．Training pets for movies．
C．Funding political campaigns．
D．Promoting animal rights widely．
( )18．Who are the intended readers of this passage
A．Children．
B．Vegan．
C．Company staff．
D．Government officials．
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了善待动物组织(PETA)的资金来源、善款用途，还说明了捐赠方式，鼓励人们为拯救动物进行捐赠。
16．C 细节理解题。根据“How Is PETA Funded？”部分中的“While for-profits get...we get most of ours from donations from supporters．”可知，PETA的主要资金来源是支持者的捐赠。故选C项。
17．D 细节理解题。根据“What Does PETA Do with Donations？”部分中的“* Money for public outreach and education...as many people as possible．”可知，PETA的捐赠支持广泛宣传动物权利这一项目。故选D项。
18．A 推理判断题。根据“How Can You Donate？”部分中的“Talk with your parents about donating to us and ask them to help you click here．”可知，文章建议孩子和父母商量捐款事宜，所以这篇文章的目标读者是孩子。故选A项。
B
We’ve all been there，in a line with a basket of a few items for payment，cash or credit cards prepared，perhaps with only one or two customers ahead of us．
And so it was today for me at a shop a mile or so from my home．I had three items．A woman with her teenage boys ahead of me had twice as many items as mine．The customer at the register，a white-haired woman，had already begun to bag her items and was holding out cash to pay for them．
Then came the problem．Sometimes it’s a customer who forgot to weigh a piece of fruit，or someone searching for exact change．Fair enough，one waits．But today，it was something else．For whatever reason，this white-haired woman didn’t have enough money．And so she began choosing which items to keep and which to hand back．She looked at each one for a long time before keeping or giving it up．
We waited．Longer lines rushed ahead．The wait went on and on．Outside，my bus came and went．Finally in the black，the woman turned back to us as she left，with her face turning red. We waved off her discomfiture．It could happen to anyone．We were honestly understanding．
But I had no idea just how understanding the family ahead of me were until their turn came．
The woman with the teenagers asked the cashier to add all the items the white-haired woman had left to her list as quickly as possible. The cashier did as told．Then the two boys rushed to the white-haired woman with the small bag of items．When they returned，it was clear their task had been completed．
All it took to witness this act of kindness was waiting a little longer in a checkout line．I could have caught the next bus．But I felt so light on my feet that I walked home instead．
( )19．How does the author start the text
A．By introducing a way of payment．
B．By describing a situation in a shop．
C．By comparing customers’ behaviours．
D．By showing the preparation for shopping．
( )20．What problem did the white-haired woman have
A．She couldn’t afford all the goods she had chosen．
B．She didn’t have some of the goods weighed．
C．She didn’t know how to return the goods．
D．She couldn’t find the accurate change．
( )21．What does the underlined word “discomfiture” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Confusion．
B．Awkwardness．
C．Tiredness．
D．Anger．
( )22．What was the two teenagers’ task
A．Putting the items into the small bag．
B．Helping the cashier to add up the items．
C．Sending the white-haired woman her unpaid items．
D．Placing the white-haired woman’s items on the shelf．
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在购物时见证了一位女士和她的两个孩子帮助了另外一位没有足够的钱购物的白发苍苍的女士的故事。
19．B 推理判断题。通读第一段内容可知，作者通过描述商店里的一种常见情景来开启文章。故选B项。
20．A 细节理解题。 根据第三段中的“For whatever reason，this white-haired woman didn’t have enough money．And so she began choosing which items to keep and which to hand back. She looked at each one for a long time before keeping or giving it up.”可知，这位白发苍苍的女士遇到的难题是她没有足够的钱去支付她选择的所有商品。故选A项。
21．B 词义猜测题。 根据画线词上文“We waited. Longer lines rushed ahead．The wait went on and on．Outside，my bus came and went．Finally in the black，the woman turned back to us as she left，with her face turning red．”和画线词下文“It could happen to anyone．We were honestly understanding.”可推知，这位白发苍苍的女士因为自己耽误了大家的时间而尴尬脸红，但作者和其他顾客觉得她不需要尴尬，因为这种情况可能会发生在任何一个人身上。由此可推知，画线词discomfiture意为“尴尬”，与awkwardness词义相近。故选B项。
22．C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The woman with the teenagers asked the cashier to add all the items the white-haired woman had left to her list as quickly as possible．The cashier did as told．Then the two boys rushed to the white-haired woman with the small bag of items．When they returned，it was clear their task had been completed．”可推知，这位带着两个孩子的女士替前面钱不够的白发苍苍的女士把她未付款的东西结了账，然后让两个孩子给她送了过去。故选C项。
C
Financial education is not often taught to students in school，so the responsibility falls to the parents．However，many families believe that involving their children in how the family’s finances are handled is taboo(忌讳)．Financial planners，however，believe that involving children in financial matters is actually the best way to begin educating them．
“By keeping children away from financial discussions，you are really denying them an education，” says Joseph Oakley，host of the Enjoy More 30s podcast(播客) and a certified financial planner．“You’re denying them a framework to build upon．”
Oakley notes that children will finally develop their own financial mindset，which could be influenced by what they see on television，social media，or through their friends．
When they get their first job，they’ll likely lack experience in handling finances because they don’t know enough about managing their money. According to Oakley，it is up to parents to teach them how to develop those skills．
Learning financial responsibility doesn’t have to be formal，Oakley says．Instead，it can be about showing children how to handle everyday money tasks，like paying bills online or using credit cards wisely. Another example is teaching them about spending now or saving for later，such as saving money for a vacation.
While childhood financial education is crucial，Oakley reveals a systemic imbalance: Over 80% of financial resources serve people preparing for retirement because that’s where most of the assets(资产) are．He stresses the importance of working with a financial planner when you are a young adult because waiting to speak to someone when you’re close to retirement could affect your financial plans．He says it is easier for younger people to make life-changing decisions and adjust their paths．
To hear more financial advice from Joseph Oakley on other topics，like how to set the right goals for financial success，check out our podcast K12 on Learning，available wherever you download your podcasts．
( )23．What do many parents think of involving children in family financial matters
A．It is a good way to educate children．
B．It is something that should be avoided．
C．It is an important life skill to develop．
D．It is schools that shall take full responsibility．
( )24．What is Oakley’s advice on parents’ educating children about finances
A．Figure out schools’ duties．
B．Make financial plans for children．
C．Attach importance to formal instructions．
D．Offer real-life examples for informal education．
( )25．What is the purpose of mentioning the podcast K12 on Learning
A．To allow listeners easy access to Oakley’s advice．
B．To discuss the guidelines of financial goal-setting．
C．To criticise existing financial education podcasts．
D．To promote a new book by Joseph Oakley．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。理财规划师Joseph Oakley指出：家长应通过生活实例对孩子进行理财教育，且年轻人需早做财务规划。
23．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However，many families believe that involving their children in how the family’s finances are handled is taboo(忌讳)．”可知，家长认为应避免让孩子接触家庭财务。故选B项。
24．D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Learning financial responsibility doesn’t have to be formal...like paying bills online or using credit cards wisely．”可知，Oakley建议通过生活实例进行非正式教育。故选D项。
25．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“To hear more financial advice from Joseph Oakley...available wherever you download your podcasts．”可知，提及K12 on Learning的播客的目的是让听众方便获取建议。故选A项。
第二节 七选五(10分)
It’s important to prepare for rainy days．Similarly，it’s important to save money． 26 Why It’s because they’ve got used to spending all the money they make．Sometimes，the hardest thing about saving money is just getting started．Here are some tips to help you save money．
27 The first step in saving money is to know how much you’re spending．For one month，keep a record of everything you spend money on．Once you have your data，organise these numbers by category and get the total amount for each．
You can make a budget．Now that you have a good idea of how much you spend in a month，what can you do now 28 . To plan your spending，you can build a budget．In this way，you can limit over-spending and make sure that you put money away for unexpected situations．
29 Doing so makes it much easier to get started．Begin by deciding how long it will take to reach each goal．Some short-term goals include starting a fund to cover 6 months to a year of living costs and saving money for a vacation．Long-term saving goals are often several years or even decades away and can include saving for retirement and putting money away for a child’s college education．
Make saving money easier with automatic transfers(自动转账)．Automatic transfers to your savings account are very helpful.
30 By moving money out of your checking account，you’ll be less likely to spend money you plan to use for savings．
A．You can set saving goals．
B．You can record your costs．
C．You can plan your spending．
D．You can keep a record of what you do．
E．They can make saving money much easier．
F．However，some people find it hard to save money．
G．You can move money out of your savings account．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何更好地存钱提出了几点建议。
26．F 根据上文“Similarly，it’s important to save money．”以及下文“Why It’s because they’ve got used to spending all the money they make．”可知，空格处应与“很难省钱”有关。F项“然而，一些人认为很难省钱。”与上文内容构成转折，并引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。
27．B 根据下文“The first step in saving money is to know how much you’re spending．”可知，空格处应与“记录花费”有关。B项“你可以记录你的消费。”符合语境。故选B项。
28．C 根据上文“You can make a budget...how much you spend in a month，what can you do now？”以及下文“To plan your spending...”可知，空格处应与“制定预算”有关。C项“你可以计划你的消费。”承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。
29．A 根据下文“Doing so makes it much easier...for a child’s college education．”可知，本段主要介绍了储蓄目标。A项“你可以设定储蓄目标。”能概括本段内容。故选A项。
30．E 根据上文 “Make saving money...to your savings account are very helpful．”可知，自动转账存入你的储蓄账户对你是有帮助的。E项“它们能使存钱更容易。”承接上文，符合语境。故选E项。
第三部分 完形填空(15分)
I was having a hard time trying to find work．The economy in our area was in pretty 31 shape．And I was at a loss for what to do next when I replied the online 32 ．
NEEDED: someone to cut and split wood(劈柴)．
I drove to the 33 and there on the front field was a huge fallen elm tree blown by strong winds．An old lady was sitting
34 at the door．We 35 on $150 to do the job．
The old elm tree was tougher than I had 36 . My chainsaw (链锯) cut it fine，but when I tried to split it，my chainsaw was
37 ．So I had to borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour．
I managed to finish the 38 at dusk．As she looked at the huge pile of wood ，an 39 expression worked its way across her face．She invited me in for dinner．With tears building up in her eyes，she 40 me a sandwich and said，“I am sorry...the $150 I 41 to pay you is going missing．
I had it in my purse but it is nowhere to be found．That is what little money I have 42 for half a year．” Seeing her run-down house，I realised she was having a 43 worse than I．I comforted her and then piled what would fit into her wood storage room．
As I stacked the last pieces of wood，I smiled at her and said，“Don’t 44 the payment．Just keep warm this winter.” Her eyes brightened，and in that shared 45 ，I knew we had both found something more valuable than currency．
( )31．A．rough B．unique
C．different D．active
( )32．A．course B．platform
C．advertisement D．activity
( )33．A．basis B．scene
C．part D．address
( )34．A．helplessly B．happily
C．thoughtfully D．directly
( )35．A．insisted B．agreed
C．looked D．depended
( )36．A．expected B．mentioned
C．remembered D．experienced
( )37．A．unusual B．sharp
C．useless D．faultless
( )38．A．plot B．task
C．principle D．figure
( )39．A．astonished B．annoyed
C．unhappy D．anxious
( )40．A．served B．returned
C．owed D．bought
( )41．A．gathered B．promised
C．remembered D．believed
( )42．A．found B．selected
C．saved D．wanted
( )43．A．harvest B．belief
C．failure D．hardship
( )44．A．run out B．worry about
C．bring about D．figure out
( )45．A．efforts B．interests
C．understanding D．emotions
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。在经济不景气时期，作者找到了一份工作：为一位老妇人劈碎一棵大榆树。作者完成任务后，老妇人却发现自己弄丢了承诺支付的150美元，并因此感到愧疚。作者理解并安慰了她，最终决定放弃报酬，希望她能在冬天保持温暖。
31．A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文的“I was having a hard time trying to find work．”可知，作者找工作困难。由此可推知，此处表示该地区的经济状况相当艰难。故选A项。
32．C 考查名词辨析。根据下文的“NEEDED: someone to cut and split wood(劈柴)．”可知，作者是在回复网上的广告。故选C项。
33．D 考查名词辨析。根据空格前的drove以及空格后的“and there on the front field...at the door．”可知，作者开车去了网上广告的地址。故选D项。
34．A 考查副词辨析。根据上文的“NEEDED: someone to cut and split wood(劈柴)．”可知，老妇人刊登广告找人帮助锯开榆树。由此可推知，老妇人当时是无助地坐在门口。故选A项。
35．B 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“on $150 to do the job”以及语境可知，老妇人同意支付作者150美元做这项工作。故选B项。
36．A 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“My chainsaw(链锯) cut it fine，but...borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour．”可知，作者不得不借老妇人邻居的链锯，说明老榆树比作者预期的要坚硬。故选A项。
37．C 考查形容词辨析。根据下文的“So I had to borrow a wood splitter from her neighbour．”以及语境可知，作者的链锯没有用。故选C项。
38．B 考查名词辨析。根据上文的“We 35 on $150 to do the job.”可知，作者设法在黄昏时完成任务。故选B项。
39．D 考查形容词辨析。根据下文的“With tears building up in her eyes...to pay you is going missing.”以及语境可知，老妇人的钱不见了，此处指老妇人感到焦急。故选D项。
40．A 考查动词辨析。根据上文的“She invited me in for dinner．”以及空格后的“me a sandwich”可知，此处指老妇人用三明治招待作者。故选A项。
41．B 考查动词辨析。根据上文的“We 35 on $150 to do the job．”以及语境可知，此处指老妇人承诺给作者的150美元不见了。故选B项。
42．C 考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“That is what little money I have”以及空格后的“for half a year”可知，这是老妇人攒了半年的钱。故选C项。
43．D 考查名词辨析。根据空格前的“Seeing her run-down house”以及空格后的“worse than I”可知，老妇人的生活比作者还要困难。故选D项。
44．B 考查动词短语辨析。根据上文的“With tears building up in her eyes for half a year．”以及空格后的“...the payment．Just keep warm this winter．”可知，此处指作者让老妇人不必担心付款。故选B项。
45．D 考查名词辨析。根据上文的“...I smiled at her and said...Her eyes brightened...”以及语境可知，此处表示作者的微笑和老妇人的眼睛亮起来所代表的共同的情感。故选D项。
第四部分 语法填空(15分)
The government has awarded $5 million to three different local nonprofit organisations．The money will 46.________(distribute) over a four-year period and is aimed at helping approximately 1,000 homeless people in the county of Arvada．
One agency，47.________(base) in Woodbridge，is expected to receive $1.5 million．The agency director says that they will focus their resources 48.________ educating the homeless．
“We will probably build another school-home with this money，” he said．“A school-home is exactly 49.________ it sounds like．It is a school and a home．We have already built four school-homes throughout the county．We get the homeless off the street，50.________ we educate them so they don’t have to return to the street．We teach them how 51.________(be) gardeners，painters，carpenters，bricklayers，electricians，and air-conditioning repairmen．”
“You wouldn’t believe 52._______ success that we have had. In fact，a couple of weeks ago，our office air-conditioning went out.My secretary called a repairman.To our surprise，the repairman was one of our first homeless 53.________(student)．He now owns his own air-conditioning business，plus two houses，two cars and a boat! He has a dozen employees．He’s doing 54.________(well) than I am．He fixed our air-conditioning for free．I think I might sign up for the air-conditioning class 55.________(I)．”
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了阿瓦达县政府向当地三个非营利组织奖励了500万美元，这些钱将被用来帮助大约1 000个无家可归的人。文章还具体介绍了一家非营利组织救助无家可归者的采取的措施以及取得的成功。
46．be distributed 考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，空格处与will构成谓语，动词distribute与主语“The money”之间构成动宾关系，应用被动语态。will后用动词原形。故填be distributed。
47．based 考查动词的-ed形式。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在句子已有谓语“is expected”，此处应用非谓语动词形式，动词base与其逻辑主语“Our agency”为动宾关系，应用动词的-ed形式。故填based。
48．on 考查介词。根据语境可知，此处指“他们将把资源集中于教育无家可归的人”。focus...on是固定短语，意为“把……集中于”。故填on。
49．what 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，like是介词，句中缺少宾语，指物，应用what引导表语从句。故填what。
50．and 考查连词。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，空格处连接两个句子，空格前后的内容是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
51．to be 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“疑问词＋to do”结构，故用动词不定式作宾语。故填to be。
52．the 考查冠词。根据空格后的名词success和语境可知，此处特指“我们”取得的成功，应用定冠词。故填the。
53．students 考查名词的数。根据空格前的“one of our first homeless”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填students。
54．better 考查副词的比较级。根据空格前的“He’s doing”和空格后的“than I am”可知，此处应用副词的比较级形式。故填better。
55．myself 考查代词。分析句子结构并根据语境可知，空格处与本句的主语指代同一人，应用反身代词。故填myself。
第五部分 写作(25分)
第一节 单词拼写(5分)
56．She saw Sam coming，but she ________(忽视) him on purpose．
57．If cancers are ______(发现) early，there’s a high chance of survival．
58．Having waited for the bus for thirty minutes，he lost his ________(耐心) and felt very anxious．
【答案】56．ignored 57．spotted 58．patience
59．We’ll have to ________(延期) the meeting until next week because of the bad weather．
60．I came to London with the ________(意图) of studying English literature．
【答案】59．postpone 60．intention
第二节 书面表达(20分)
假如你是李华，你在自己的博客里看到了一条署名为Lucky Henry的留言：
How lucky I was．I won $1,000 in the lottery．And how weird the world is．Hearing my winning the lottery，all sorts of distant relatives came out of the woodwork．What shall I do with my fortune and my strange relatives
请你根据留言内容以及下面内容提示给Henry写一封建议信。
内容包括：
1．表示祝贺；
2．提出你的建议；
3．表达你的祝愿。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry，
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version：
Dear Henry，
Congratulations on your winning so much money! But I am sorry to hear that you are in trouble afterwards．Here are my suggestions．
To begin with，you should talk with your parents about how to arrange your fortune as they are more experienced．
Secondly，think about the necessary items you want to buy and reserve the money needed．Lastly，you’d better take some of your distant relatives into consideration in case some may really be in need．
Hope you can address the issue successfully!
Yours，
Li Hua(共90张PPT)
Period Four Reading for Writing—Video Time
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
课前自主预习
A．维持；保持；维修；保养
B．要素；基本部分
C．可选择的事物；选择；选择权
D．外部的；外面的；外来的
E．adj．典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的 n．常态；通常标准；一般水平
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．We all think Mary’s height and weight are normal for her age． ( )
2．Physical fitness has now become an important element in our lives． ( )
3．The state had a duty to protect its citizens against external enemies． ( )
【答案】1－3 EBD
4．It appears that few people nowadays are able to maintain friendships into adulthood． ( )
5．App-backed gyms offer people flexible options to exercise. ( )
【答案】4－5 AC
Ⅱ．预备写作素材
1．Tom and Tim，have _______________ on the game in the house on Sunday．
周日，汤姆和蒂姆在他们家里就这场比赛打了个赌。
2．They saw a young man _______________ their house．
他们看见一个年轻人在他们的房子外徘徊。
【答案】1．made a bet 2．wandering outside
3．I’d like some ham and eggs and a nice big steak．Make it extra-thick．I’d also like ____________ and a pineapple dessert．
我要火腿加鸡蛋还有一块大牛排。要特别厚的。我还要一杯咖啡和一份菠萝甜点。
4．Right，sir．I’m afraid it’ll cost ____________________.
好的，先生。恐怕这得花费一大笔钱。
【答案】3．a cup of coffee 4．a large amount of money
5．I’m so sorry，sir，so sorry，but I cannot _____________.
对不起，先生，非常对不起，但是这张钞票我找不开。
【答案】5．change this bank note
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．normal adj．典型的；正常的；一般的；精神正常的 n．常态；通常标准；一般水平
(P56)That’s very normal!
【翻译】那很正常！
(1)as normal 像平常一样
It’s normal (for sb) to do sth．
(对某人来说)做某事是正常的。
bring...back to normal 使……恢复正常
return/come back to normal 恢复正常
above/below normal 标准以上/以下
【用法详解】
It’s normal for the young to make mistakes．
年轻人犯错误是正常的。
(2)normally adv．通常；平常；正常地
(3)abnormal adj．反常的；不正常的
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)It is normal __________(feel) nervous at first when you make a speech in public．
(2)Everything on the long beach returned __________ normal after the heavy rain．
【答案】(1)to feel (2)to
(3)This hot weather is __________(normal) for winter season.
(4)The rainy season in the Andes ________(normal) starts in December．
【答案】(3)abnormal (4)normally
2．willing adj．愿意；乐意
(P57)Why would the owner be willing to wait for a long time to get paid
【翻译】为什么店主愿意等(亨利)很长时间付账？
(1)be willing to do sth 愿意或乐意做某事
(2)willingness n．意志；决心；意愿
willingly adv．欣然地；愿意地；乐意地
(3)unwilling adj．不愿意的；勉强的
be unwilling to do sth 不愿意做某事
【用法详解】
I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for your generous help．
我很乐意带你游北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Whenever we have any trouble，he will ________(willing) help us out of difficulty．
(2)We have learnt a lot from her devotion to her work and her __________(willing) to help others．
【答案】(1)willingly (2)willingness
完成句子
(3)The father ___________ the twins to prepare breakfast for their mother yesterday．
父亲昨天乐意协助这对双胞胎为他们的母亲准备早餐。
【答案】(3)was willing to assist
3．permission n．准许；许可；批准；许可证
(P58)Yes，I’d love to...with your permission．
【翻译】是的，我很乐意……如果你允许的话。
(1)ask for permission 请求许可
with one’s permission 在某人许可/准许下
without permission 未经许可
(2)permit n．执照；许可证；通行证
vt．& vi．允许；准许；使有可能
permit doing sth 允许做某事
【用法详解】
Her father would not permit her to drive alone even though she had got her driving permit．Without her father’s permission，she had to go out by bus．
即使她拿到了驾驶证，她父亲也不允许她独自开车。没有她父亲的允许，她只好乘公共汽车出去。
permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
weather/time permitting (＝if weather/time permits) 天气/时间允许的话
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)If in doubt，contact the author or copyright owner and ask for ________(permit)．
(2)Time ________(permit)，we’ll go camping in the wild．
【答案】(1)permission (2)permitting
(3)We don’t permit _______(listen) to music in the classroom.
(4)Please permit me ______________(offer) you my sincere congratulations．
【答案】(3)listening (4)to offer
◇句式解读
(P56)I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this...
【翻译】记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……
【考点提炼】本句中的“never would I hold such a note as this”为否定副词never位于句首引起的部分倒装句。
【归纳拓展】
当含有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子须用部分倒装语序，即把助动词、情态动词或be 动词移至主语之前。这样的词或短语有：
(1)表全部否定的副词：never，not，neither，nor，nowhere
(2)表部分否定的副词：hardly，scarcely，rarely，seldom，little
(3)表示“绝不”的短语：at no time，by no means，in no case，in no way，on no condition，under/in no circumstances，on no account
Never have I been late for school this term．
我这个学期没有迟到过。
【针对练习】
句型转换
(1)My father rarely has more than five hours’ sleep．
→__________________ more than five hours’ sleep．
(2)I have never seen such a beautiful vase before．
→ __________________ such a beautiful vase before．
【答案】(1)Rarely does my father have
(2)Never have I seen
(3)Jack and Bernard should in no case give in to their failure in making popcorn．
→____________________ their failure in making popcorn．
【答案】(3)In no case should Jack and Bernard give in to
写作高效提升
◎话题佳句
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．The story happened in a shop on a sunny day．
这个故事发生在一个阳光明媚的日子里，一家商店中。
2．Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair．
亨利正走在大街上，这时他看见一家理发店的标志。
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
3．It is very kind of you，sir，but we are not allowed to accept tips．
先生，您真是太好了，但我们不能收小费。
4．He is on the way to a shopping mall．
他正在去购物中心的路上。
【回味无穷的结尾句】
5．Finally，the hero lives a happy life with the heroine．
最后，男主角和女主角过上了幸福的生活。
6．It turned out that he was a millionaire．
原来他是一个百万富翁。
◎写作范例
【写作任务】
为了丰富学生们的业余生活，你校英语俱乐部将举办英语短剧表演晚会。请根据《龟兔赛跑》的故事用英语写一段剧本。
注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________
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【写作指导】
主题 介绍《龟兔赛跑》的故事 体裁 戏剧/剧本
人称 第一、二人称 时态 一般现在时
布局 第一部分：旁白； 第二部分：《龟兔赛跑》故事内容。 【遣词造句】
(1)为……骄傲____________________
(2)充当____________________
(3)相信……____________________
(4)好好休息一下____________________
(5)放弃____________________
(6)赶上____________________
答案：(1)be proud of (2)act as (3)be convinced that...
(4)have a good rest (5)give up (6)catch up with
【完成句子】
(1)A Hare，an honest Tortoise and many other animals ____________________ (住在一片大森林里)．
(2)Miss Hare ________________(跑得很快)．
(3)Mr Tortoise ___________________(跑得很慢)．
答案：(1)live in a big forest (2)runs very fast
(3)runs very slowly
(4)Though I’m tired，I cannot ____________(放弃)．
(5)She ____________________(在睡觉) now．
(6)I must run faster ______________________(在她睡觉的时间)．
答案：(4)give up (5)is sleeping (6)at her sleeping time
【句式升级】
(7)用完全倒装句升级(1)句
_________________________________________________
(8)用while引导的并列句合并(2)(3)句
_________________________________________________
答案：(7)In a big forest live a Hare，an honest Tortoise and many other animals．
(8)Miss Hare runs very fast while Mr Tortoise runs very slowly.
(9)用状语从句的省略形式升级(4)句
_________________________________________________
(10)用so引导的并列句合并(4)(5)句
_________________________________________________
答案：(9)Though tired，I cannot give up．
(10)She is sleeping now，so I must run faster at her sleeping time．
【连句成篇】
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
One possible version：
The Tortoise and the Hare
Narrator: Good morning，everyone．Now，I will tell you a story about Mr Tortoise and Miss Hare．In a big forest lives a Hare，an honest Tortoise and many other animals．Miss Hare is very proud of her long legs and thinks little of Mr Tortoise. Today，near the river，an interesting thing is happening．
Hare: (approaching the Tortoise)Hi，Mr Tortoise! What are you doing
Tortoise: Hi，Miss Hare! I am walking．
Hare: Why not put four wheels on your feet You will run much faster than now．
Tortoise: No，I can run with my feet step by step．
Hare: (amazed) Can what Can run Are you kidding I can run much faster than you．
Tortoise: Miss Hare，you are too proud．Let’s have a race．I am convinced that I can win the match．
Hare: (laughing) Ha! Ha! OK! Look at the tall tree．Let’s see who can get there first．
Tortoise: OK!
Narrator：A monkey volunteers to act as the judge and the race begins．
Monkey: Ready Go!
Narrator: Miss Hare runs very fast while Mr Tortoise runs very slowly．A moment later，Miss Hare arrives at a small tree．
Hare: (saying to herself) Where is Mr Tortoise Oh，he is very far behind me．Let me have a good rest．
Narrator: Miss Hare decides to have a good rest．After an instant，she falls asleep．
Tortoise: (saying to himself) Though tired，I cannot give up．I must insist．Oh，it is Miss Hare．She is sleeping now，so I must run faster at her sleeping time．
Narrator: Miss Hare is sleeping while Mr Tortoise is running much faster now．Eventually，Mr Tortoise arrives near the tree．
Hare: (waking up) I’m feeling good．Ah Mr Tortoise Oh，no! Let me catch up with him．
Narrator: But it is too late．Mr Tortoise wins the race．
◎写作练笔
请把中国的成语故事《狐假虎威》改编成英语戏剧。
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
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【答案】One possible version：
Narrator: In the beautiful forest，a tiger is the king of the forest，and many lovely animals live there．One sunny afternoon，the tiger just wakes．
Tiger: I’m a great tiger．I’m the king of the forest and I’m strong and brave．
Animals: Are you hungry，are you hungry，King Tiger，King Tiger Are you hungry，are you hungry，King Tiger，King Tiger
Tiger: Hum，I’m so hungry．I must find something to eat at once．Oh，there’s nothing here．Oh，there’s nothing here．
Narrator: It’s very quiet in the forest．There are not many animals．Here comes a fox．
Fox: I am a fox．I’m good at cheating and telling lies．I am the cleverest animal in the forest．I always have something to eat．
Tiger: A fox，a fox，good meal，good meal．
Fox: Oh，my god．What should I do Yes，I have a good idea．Hello，Mr Tiger．How are you
Tiger: Not very good．I’m very hungry．I want to eat you now．
Fox: Oh，my dear．How dare you say that I’m the king of the forest．If you want to eat me，I will let you die right now．
Tiger: Are you the king of the forest You’re cheating me! I’m the king of the forest here．
Fox: Haha! You don’t believe me Follow me．Come and see．
Tiger: OK! Let’s go．
Narrator: The tiger and the fox go to the lake together．Near the lake，a lovely rabbit is looking for food．And there is a bird，together with a frog and a bear．
Fox: Hello，my friends．
Animals: Hi，Fox．Oh，King Tiger，run fast!
Fox: Mr Tiger，you see．They’re so frightened．They all run away．
Tiger: Yes，you’re right．It’s true．I’m very sorry．You’re the king of the forest．I will run away．He is the king；he is the king．
Narrator：Oh，poor King Tiger．He didn’t know the fox was cheating him．He’s so foolish．
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．All of them kissed each others’ cheeks in the European ________(行为方式)．
2．We had no ________(选择) but to do what we had been ordered to do．
3．It’s ________(正常的) to feel tired after such a long trip．
【答案】1．manner 2．option 3．normal
4．That good book has a wonderful ________(故事情节) and proper dialogue．
5．We walked down a ________(宽阔的) street lined with high trees．
6．It is ________(确实) a great honour to serve my country in such a position．
【答案】4．plot 5．broad 6．indeed
7．Move these chairs ________(到旁边) to prevent someone from falling．
8．The old house costs a fortune to ________(维修)．
【答案】7．aside 8．maintain
Ⅱ．短语填空
on duty；with one’s permission；in case；take off；willing to
1．Please remind me of my promise ____________ I forget．
2．I came back very late yesterday because I was _________.
【答案】1．in case 2．on duty
3．If you’re not _____________ help me，I’ll find somebody who will．
4．The plane ________________ from the airport and headed north towards Zhengzhou．
5．________________，I gave Tom’s name and address to my friend．
【答案】3．willing to 4．took off 5．With his permission
Ⅲ．完成句子
1．______________ the task is，you must finish it on time．
无论任务有多艰巨，你们都必须按时完成。
2．In no case ___________________ this important match．
无论如何，我都不能输掉这场重要的比赛。
【答案】1．No matter how difficult 2．can I lose
3．____________________without saying goodbye．
不说再见就离开是不礼貌的。
4．The old man opened his mouth as if _______________．
那个老人张开了嘴，好像还想要说什么。
5．Henry had ___________ a million-pound note at that time.
那时，除了一张百万英镑的纸币外，亨利一无所有。
【答案】3．It is bad manners to leave 4．to say something 5．nothing but
6．It’s ____________ for me to know these ____________．
对我来说，知道这些谚语是很正常的。
7．During the Spring Festival，children ________________ to get lucky money．
在春节期间，孩子们渴望得到压岁钱。
8．___________，I’ll visit the professor tomorrow afternoon.
那样的话，我明天下午去拜访教授。
【答案】6．normal；sayings 7．are eager 8．In that case
提升练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
This question has fascinated behavioural scientists for decades: why do we give money to charity
The explanations for charitable giving fall into three broad categories，from the purely altruisic(利他的)—I donate because I value the social good done by the charity．The “impurely” altruistic—I donate because I extract value from knowing I contribute to the social good for the charity．
And the not-at-all altruistic—I donate because I want to show off to potential mates how rich I am．
But are these motives strong enough to enable people to donate as much as they would want to Most people support charities in one way or another，but often we struggle to make donations as often as we think we should．Although many people would like to leave a gift to charity in their will，they forget about it when the time comes．
Many people are also aware that they should donate to the causes that have the highest impact，but facts and figures are less attractive than narratives．In a series of experiments，it was found that people are much more responsive to charitable pleas that feature a single，identifiable beneficiary(受益者)，than they are to statistical information about the scale of the problem being faced. When it comes to charitable giving，we are often ruled by our hearts and not our heads．
The good news is that charitable giving is contagious—seeing others give makes an individual more likely to give and gentle encouragement from an important person in your life can also make a big difference to your donation decisions—more than quadrupling them in our recent study．Habit also plays a part—in three recent experiments those who volunteered before were more likely to do donate their time than those who had not volunteered before．
In summary，behavioural science identifies a range of factors that influence our donations，and can help us to keep giving in the longer term．This is great news not just for charities，but also for donors．
( )1．What can we learn about people who do charitable giving
A．Most people support charity as often as they think they should．
B．Some people don’t want to leave a gift to charity until the time comes．
C．Those who donate because they can gain an advantage are purely altruistic．
D．Some people send money to charity simply to tell others they are wealthy．
( )2．In which way will people donate more willingly
A．Not revealing the names of the donors．
B．Showing figures about the seriousness of the problem．
C．Telling stories that feature a single，recognisable beneficiary．
D．Reminding people to write down what to donate in the will in advance．
( )3．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean
A．People will learn from others and follow the suit．
B．Many people are familiar with charitable giving．
C．Charitable giving helps the beneficiary in all aspects．
D．Charitable giving can bring a lot of benefits to donors．
( )4．What is the writing purpose of the passage
A．To persuade more people to donate．
B．To explain the science behind why people donate．
C．To criticise some false charitable giving behaviours．
D．To explore approaches to making people donate more．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了人们把钱捐给慈善机构背后的科学原因。
1．D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And the not-at-all altruistic—I donate because I want to show off to potential mates how rich I am．”可知，我们能从慈善捐赠的人身上了解到，有些人把钱捐给慈善机构只是为了告诉别人他们很富有。故选D项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In a series of experiments，it was found that people are much more responsive to charitable pleas that feature a single，identifiable beneficiary(受益者)，than they are to statistical information about the scale of the problem being faced．When it comes to charitable giving，we are often ruled by our hearts and not our heads．”可知，通过讲述一个单一的、可识别的受益人的故事，人们更愿意捐赠。故选C项。
3．A 词句猜测题。根据画线句后的“seeing others give makes an individual more likely to give and gentle encouragement from an important person in your life can also make a big difference to your donation decisions”可知，捐赠是易受别人影响的，从而推知画线句应意为“慈善捐赠是有传染性的”，与A项“人们会向别人学习并效仿”意思相近。故选A项。
4．B 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容以及最后一段中的“In summary，behavioural science identifies a range of factors that influence our donations，and can help us to keep giving in the longer term．”可知，本文的写作目的是解释人们捐赠背后的科学原因。故选B项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
I was not from a well-off family．When I was about 10，my family used to collect bottles and cans for 1 ，every bit of which ended up being used to pay the rent．
I still remember one 2 to a self-serve recycling station．It was a hot summer day，and my mum and I were taking turns to
3 plastic bottles and aluminum cans into the machine．And it would 4 coins in exchange．
When we got home，Mum 5 we had left a handful of change behind and she was 6 with tears．My mum was very much 7 since she had to raise two kids on her own．Seeing her
8 that way just because she’d misplaced a few dollars taught me a lesson at an early age．If you don’t have enough to 9 the bills，it could lead to a lot of 10 ．
As I got older，I was 11 of how I managed my money．I was unlikely to 12 even a single penny．Fortunately，my
13 to money management has helped me achieve many goals.
I also learnt to think about 14 as trade-offs(权衡): If I spent $10 today at the mall，that means $10 less for my graduation ceremony or something more important．Besides，by tracking where my money goes and saving for specific goals，I am able to spend money 15 and put the money into where it matters most.
( )1．A．pleasure B．conservation
C．cash D．fitness
( )2．A．road B．entrance
C．introduction D．trip
( )3．A．throw B．divide
C．break D．classify
( )4．A．pick up B．shoot out
C．give up D．ask for
( )5．A．admitted B．predicted
C．expected D．realised
( )6．A．helpless B．fearless
C．careless D．guiltless
( )7．A．reserved B．thrilled
C．stressed D．touched
( )8．A．explain B．recall
C．conclude D．react
( )9．A．change B．cover
C．cancel D．restrict
( )10．A．hardships B．hesitation
C．complaints D．forgiveness
( )11．A．critical B．mindful
C．ignorant D．independent
( )12．A．earn B．receive
C．allocate D．waste
( )13．A．opposition B．devotion
C．reference D．alternative
( )14．A．purchases B．bargains
C．negotiations D．evaluations
( )15．A．randomly B．similarly
C．consciously D．normally
【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者大约10岁时，家人通过捡瓶子、罐子换钱付房租，曾经目睹了母亲因把钱遗落在回收机里而无助地落泪。从那以后，作者知道了该如何正确地支配金钱。
1．C 考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“every bit of which ended up being used to pay the rent”可知，作者的家人曾经靠捡瓶子和罐子换钱付房租。故选C项。
2．D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“It was a hot summer day，and my mum and I...into the machine．”可知，作者仍记得有一次和妈妈去自助回收站的经历。故选D项。
3．A 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“plastic bottles and aluminum cans into the machine”和常识可知，作者和妈妈轮流将塑料瓶和铝罐扔进回收机里。故选A项。
4．B 考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“plastic bottles and aluminum cans into the machine”可知，作为交换，回收机会吐出硬币。shoot out在此意为“抛出；吐出”。故选B项。
5．D 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“we had left a handful of change behind”和语境可知，作者和妈妈回到家后，妈妈意识到将一些零钱落在机器里了。故选D项。
6．A 考查形容词辨析。第一段提到作者一家生活拮据；再根据空格前的“we had left a handful of change behind”可知，妈妈很无助地落泪了。故选A项。
7．C 考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“since she had to raise two kids on her own”可知，作者的妈妈独自抚养两个孩子，所以压力很大。故选C项。
8．D 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“she was 6 with tears．”可知，妈妈当时的反应给年纪尚小的作者上了一课。故选D项。
9．B 考查动词辨析。根据上文内容和语境可知，作者看到母亲把几美元放错地方的反应明白了没有足够的钱支付生活开支会带来困境。故选B项。
10．A 考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“every bit of which ended up being used to pay the rent”和语境可知，母亲的那件事给作者上了一课：如果没有足够的钱支付生活开支，可能会陷入困境。故选A项。
11．B 考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“of how I managed my money...achieve many goals．”可推知，随着年龄的增长，作者很注意如何支配自己的钱。故选B项。
12．D 考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“As I got older，I was 11 of how I managed my money．”和语境可推知，作者不可能浪费一便士。故选D项。
13．B 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“As I got older，I was 11 of how I managed my money．I was unlikely to
12 . even a single penny．”可推知，作者对金钱管理很投入。故选B项。
14．A 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“If I spent $10 today at the mall，that means $10 less...more important．”可知，作者学会了权衡自己的采购。故选A项。
15．C 考查副词辨析。根据空格前的“by tracking where my money goes and saving for specific goals”和常识可知，作者能够有意识地花钱并把钱花在刀刃上。故选C项。(共89张PPT)
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
Period One Listening and Speaking
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
复习情态动词的用法；
掌握过去将来时；
能用英语简单创作剧本。
【素养提升】
通过阅读课文，了解中外文化对金钱的不同态度；
结合文章信息，判断作者的写作意图；
结合文中人物对待金钱的态度的转变，运用合理的思维方式看待金钱在生活中的作用。
Period One Listening and Speaking
课前自主预习
A．忽视；对……不予理会
B．道歉；谢罪
C．vt．& vi．评价；评判；判断
n．法官；审判员；裁判员
D．n．塑料 adj．塑料制的；塑料的
E．贷款；借款
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．You can’t judge a book by its cover． ( )
2．He apologised to the people who had been affected． ( )
3．When burnt，many plastics usually produce dangerous by-products． ( )
【答案】1－3 CBD
4．If you ignore someone or something，you pay no attention to them． ( )
5．The president wants to make it easier for small businesses to get bank loans． ( )
【答案】4－5 AE
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．judge vt．& vi．评判；判断；评价→ ________ n．判断；评判
(参考：acknowledge→acknowledgement)
2．ignore vt．忽视；对……不予理会→ ________ n．忽略；不理会
(参考：guide→guidance)
【答案】1．judgement 2．ignorance
3．base vt．以……为基础→ ________ n．基础；根据；基点
(参考：analyse→analysis)
4．apologise vi．道歉；谢罪→ ________ n．道歉；致歉；歉意
(参考：sympathise→sympathy)
【答案】3．basis 4．apology
Ⅲ．预备话题素材
1．It should not be selected ______________ its popularity．
它的流行程度不应该作为选择的基础。
2．He ______________ for not going to her party just now．
刚才他因未出席她的派对而向她表示歉意。
【答案】1．on the basis of 2．apologised to her
3．Tired drivers were found to be particularly prone __________________ warning signs．
据调查，疲劳的司机特别容易忽视警示标志。
4．I wish I could do something ____________ her kindness．
我希望我能做点什么事情以报答她的好意。
5．Do not ________ a person _____ his success or failure．
不能以成败论英雄。
【答案】3．to ignore 4．in return for 5．judge；by
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．basis n．基础；根据；基点
(P50)Is money the basis of a happy life
【翻译】金钱是幸福生活的基础吗？
【用法详解】
(1)on the basis of 在某事的基础上；根据某事
on a regular basis 定期地
(2)base vt．以……为基础 n．根据；底部
be based on/upon 以……为基础/依据
the base of...……的基础
(3)basic adj．基本的；基础的
On the basis of your current state of health，I strongly recommend that you (should) work out on a regular basis．
基于你当前的健康状况，我强烈建议你定期锻炼身体。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Knowing __________(base) first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies．
(2)After all，the relationship __________(base) on trust，and therefore honesty is very important．
【答案】(1)basic (2)is based
完成句子
(3)A good parent-child relationship should be set up________ _____________ understanding and respect．
良好的亲子关系应该建立在理解和尊重的基础上。
(4)I set down a series of things that ________________ facts in my diary．
我在日记中记录了一系列基于事实的事情。
【答案】(3)on the basis of (4)are based on/upon
2．apologise vi．道歉；谢罪
(P50)Wang Zheng apologised to Chen because he couldn’t offer her more money．
【翻译】王铮因无法向陈提供更多的钱而道歉。
【用法详解】
(1)apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而向某人道歉
(2)apology n．道歉；认错
make an apology to sb for (doing) sth
因(做)某事而向某人道歉
accept/refuse one’s apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉
owe sb an apology欠某人一个道歉
The man made an apology to her for stepping on her feet．
那个男人因踩到她的脚而向她道歉。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I apologise _______ having taken too much of your time．
(2)Mum said to me，“You are rude to your sister，for which you should make an apology ________ her．”
【答案】(1)for (2)to
一句多译
(3)我因为迟到了而向老师道歉。
→I _____________ the teacher for my being late．(apologise)
→I________________the teacher for my being late. (apology)
【答案】apologised to；made an apology to
3．ignore vt．忽视；对……不予理会
(P50)Also，while listening，don’t ignore the speakers’ tone and intonation—these can be important clues，too．
【翻译】另外，在听的时候，不要忽视说话者的语气和语调——这些可能也是重要的线索。
【用法详解】
(1)ignore one’s advice 无视某人的忠告
ignore personal danger 不顾个人安危
(2)ignorant adj．无知的；愚昧的
be ignorant of/about sth 不知道某事；对某事不了解
(3)ignorance n．无知；愚昧
out of ignorance出于无知
be in ignorance of对……无知/不了解
I said hello to him，but he ignored me completely．
我向他问好，但是他完全不理我。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)I am beginning to feel embarrassed by my complete ______ (ignore) of world history．
(2)The old man is totally __________ (ignore) of what has happened outside．
【答案】(1)ignorance (2)ignorant
完成句子
(3)At that time I __________ the events going on elsewhere．
那时我并不了解其他地方发生的事情。
【答案】was ignorant of/about
4．judge vt．& vi．评价；评判；判断
n．法官；审判员；裁判员
(P51)Should we judge people based on how much money they have
【翻译】我们是否应该根据人们有多少钱来评判他们呢？
【用法详解】
(1)judge...from/by...从……来判断……
judge sb to be 判断某人为……
as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为
(2)judging by/from...从……上看；根据……判断
(3)judgement n．判决；判断力；评价
in one’s judgement 在某人看来
make a judgement on...对……进行评价
Judge a person by/from his actions，not by/from what he says．
判断一个人要看他的行为，而不应根据他所说的话。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)______(judge) from his accent，he must be from the south.
【答案】Judging
(2)In my __________(judge)，it is wrong to give children so much pocket money．
(3)We can judge his character ________ his actions．
【答案】(2)judgement (3)by/from
5．in return作为回报；作为回应
(P51)When we help someone，should we expect to get something in return
【翻译】当我们帮助别人时，我们是否该希望得到某种回报？
【用法详解】
(1)return n．返回；归还
in return for 作为对……的回报(交换)
on one’s return某人一回来
(2)return vt．& vi．返回；退还
return sth to sb＝return sb sth 归还某人某物
return to...回到……
I sent her a present in return for her help．
我送给她一份礼物以回报她的帮助。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)What can I do in return ________ your kindness
(2)She gave them all the help she could，and asked for nothing ________ return．
【答案】(1)for (2)in
(3)Ann will visit you when she returns ________ London．
(4)________ his return from work，he found his wife asleep on the sofa．
【答案】(3)to (4)On
◇句式解读
1．(P50)It was the first time Chen Liyan’s story was reported．
【翻译】这是陈丽燕的故事第一次被报道。
【考点提炼】本句中的“It was the first time...”为句型“It is/was＋第几次＋that从句．”，意为“这是……第几次做某事。”
【归纳拓展】
使用该句型时应注意：
(1)该句型的主语可根据语境使用it，this或that。
(2)引导词that可以省略。
(3)从句的时态应根据主句的时态确定，其常见情况为：主句用is时，从句通常用现在完成时；主句用was时，从句通常用过去完成时。
This is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall．
这是我第一次去长城。
It was the first time in Olympic history that five mascots had been chosen．
这是奥林匹克历史上第一次选出了五个吉祥物。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)It is the second time that I __________________(invite) to such an important conference．
(2)That was the first time that I ________(see) the sea．
【答案】(1)have been invited (2)had seen
完成句子
(3)It was the third time that he _______________________．
这是他第三次问同一个问题。
【答案】(3)had asked the same question
2．(P51)...but she should have accepted the money Wang offered．
【翻译】……但是她本应该接受王所提供的钱。
【考点提炼】本句中的“should have accepted”是“情态动词＋have done”结构。
【归纳拓展】
“情态动词＋have done”的用法：
(1)should/ought to have done
表示委婉地批评、责备之意。肯定式表示过去应该做某事而未做，意为“本应该做”；否定式表示做了不该做的事情，意为“本不应该做”。
(2)can/could have done
用于疑问句或否定句中，表示对行为可能性的推测。could have done用于肯定的陈述句中，表示与过去事实相反的假设，表示“本来能够去做却没有做”。
(3)must have done
此结构表示对过去发生的动作的肯定推测，意为“过去一定做过”。
(4)may/might have done
此结构表示对过去情况不确定的推测，意为“也许做过”，常用于肯定句；另外，might have done还可表示委婉的责备，意为“其实(本来)做过”。
(5)needn’t have done
此结构表示一种不必要的过去行为，意为“本来不必做(却做了)”，一般用于否定句或疑问句。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)Bill _________________too far．His coffee is still warm．
比尔不可能走太远了。他的咖啡还是温的。
【答案】can’t/couldn’t have gone
(2)—Sorry，Mum! I failed the job interview again．
—Oh，it’s too bad．You ______________ full preparations．
——对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了。
——哦，太糟糕了。你本应该做好充分的准备的。
【答案】should have made
(3)I ___________________ before I came to the new school，for my classmates here are very friendly to me．
来新学校前，我本不必担心的，因为这里的同学对我都很友好。
(4)The floor is wet．It _____________________ last night．
地板是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。
【答案】(3)needn’t have worried (4)must have rained
语 音 时 空
□语 调
语调(intonation)，即说话的腔调，就是一句话里声调(pitch)高低抑扬轻重的配制和变化，是帮助我们表达各种思想感情的重要途径。
英语有五种基本语调：降调(?)、升调(?)、升降调(??)、降升调(??)以及平调(→)。
语调 用途 例句
降调 (?) 在陈述句中，以陈述事实 I have already seen that movie?．
在特殊疑问句中，以获得更多的相关信息 What has happened to him?？
在祈使句中，表示命令 Go back to your seat now?！
在感叹句中 What a small boat?！
语调 用途 例句
升调 (?) 在一般疑问句中 Do you mind if I sit here?？
在祈使句中，表示请求 Excuse me，sir?．
没听清对方的话，请对方重复一下时 Pardon?？ What?？ Who?？
在陈述疑问句中 You are a policeman?？
语调 用途 例句
升降调 (??) 在选择疑问句中 Do you want to drive? or walk?？
在列举并列的事物时 He likes eating apples?，oranges? and bananas ?．
在含有状语(从句)的句子中 After dinner?，I read a magazine and made telephone calls?．
在含有称呼语的句子中 Mrs Smith ?，this is Tom Jones ?．
语调 用途 例句
降升调 (??) 在附加疑问句中，表示询问 He doesn’t like swimming?，doeshe ?？
平调 (→) 在直接引语后，表示所说的话的具体内容 “We are going to Florida，”→ she said brightly．
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．After I graduated from college，it took me three years to repay all my student ________(借贷)．
2．She tried to ________(忽视) the pain，but it was getting worse and worse．
【答案】1．loan 2．ignore
3．It is difficult to ________(判断) who is better，because both of them performed very well．
4．What you should know is that the ________(基础) of a good marriage is trust．
【答案】3．judge 4．basis
Ⅱ．单句语法填空
1．You should apologise to Mary ________ what you said yesterday．
2．It is the first time that I _______(see) Lucy lose her temper.
3．_______ we met with difficulties，they came to help us．
【答案】1．for 2．have seen 3．When(ever)
4．Can you work out the problem using the ________(give) information
5．Don’t delay _________ you should do today till tomorrow.
【答案】4．given 5．what
Ⅲ．短语填空
base on；set up；draw a conclusion；on the basis of；in return；to be honest
1．It is important to ____________________ from the facts．
2．The results will be made public _____________________ market research．
【答案】1．draw a conclusion 2．on the basis of
3．My deskmate gave me a set of comic books __________．
4．The city government is required to ____________ a library here as soon as possible．
【答案】3．in return 4．set up
Ⅳ．完成句子
1．I _________________ this morning but I got up too late．
我今天早上本该走的，但我起得太晚了。
2．He ________ money ________ bad business．
他因生意不好而赔钱。
【答案】1．should have gone 2．lost；for
3．The concert will __________children in poor mountainous areas．
音乐会将为贫困山区的儿童筹集资金。
4．You have the right __________ to do the project with him.
你有权拒绝和他一起做这个项目。
【答案】3．raise funds for 4．to refuse
提升练
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Online jobs have opened the door for many people to earn a living or make some extra money from the comfort of their homes. This includes teens as well．If you’re looking for such a job，here are some choices you can consider．
Customer Service
If you are 16 years old and over，you have a chance to work with Uhaul as a customer service person．You just need to have a good pair of headphones and high-speed Internet in order to do this job．Basic pay starts at $7.50 an hour．
Sell Items Online
Selling items online is one of the easiest ways to make quick cash．Teens can turn it into a good business by selling things on Bonanza．You need to start sorting through items at your home that are no longer being used and list them for sale．
Take Surveys
Another easy task teens can do to earn money is to take surveys online．You don’t need any work experience to do this and can be as young as 13 years old to get started．Survey sites like VIP Voices，Swagbucks，Harris Poll，E-Poll，and Paid Viewpoint allow teens to start taking surveys for cash and gift cards. And your opinions should be expressed clearly in English．
Etsy
Do you love to make new things You can open up an Etsy shop to share your works．Etsy is great for DIYers who can create new products．If you are under 18，you just need a parent who is willing to help manage your shop．
( )1．Who is the text intended for
A．Employers．
B．Parents．
C．Youngsters．
D．Website builders．
( )2．What does Bonanza allow teens to do
A．Learn about computer science．
B．Make money out of their old items．
C．Test new products for customers．
D．Receive training in customer service．
( )3．What is special about those who own an Etsy shop
A．They enjoy buying things online．
B．They are interested in history．
C．They have a creative mind．
D．They are good at collecting used things．
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个帮助青少年在网上赚钱的工作。
1．C 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“This includes teens as well．If you’re looking for such a job，here are some choices you can consider．”可推知，这篇文章的目标读者是年轻人。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据Sell Items Online部分中的“Teens can turn it into a good business by selling things on Bonanza．”可知，Bonanza允许青少年买自己的旧物品赚钱。故选B项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据Etsy部分中的“Etsy is great for DIYers who can create new products．”可知，那些拥有Etsy商店的人的特别之处是有一个创造性的头脑。故选C项。
Ⅱ．完形填空
Last month，I wandered around in a flea market(跳蚤市场) with my cousin．We were looking for some 1 treasures when we noticed an old-fashioned book stand．The owner was there reading．
My cousin took a 2 to an old leather-covered book．The man said it was 3 and priced at $50．My cousin only had $30．He tried to cut the price，but the man refused to 4 it，saying it was worth every penny．
Just as we were about to 5 ，a well-dressed woman walked up to the stand．She picked up the same book，looked at it briefly，and paid $50 without 6 ．My cousin was 7 . disappointed．
However，as she was about to take her leave，she noticed my cousin’s sad face．She asked him for the 8 ．My cousin said he was a fan of the author and had been 9 the edition．The woman 10 the book and said: “I can see that it means more to you．Money is just a tool，but real joy and meaning it brings are
11 ．”
Shocked，my cousin gave the woman all of his money，but she 12 ，saying that she was happy to see the book go to someone who would 13 appreciate it．
I learnt that the value of money is in the kindness and generosity it can 14 ．Sometimes，the most valuable thing we can do with our money is to give others a 15 to experience something wonderful．
( )1．A．shiny B．normal
C．hidden D．expensive
( )2．A．note B．fancy
C．cover D．break
( )3．A．unusual B．common
C．diverse D．sharp
( )4．A．set B．pay
C．lower D．check
( )5．A．debate B．leave
C．fight D．shout
( )6．A．change B．reason
C．hesitation D．exception
( )7．A．slowly B．frequently
C．secretly D．extremely
( )8．A．reason B．problem
C．mission D．chain
( )9．A．picking up B．looking for
C．pointing at D．giving up
( )10．A．read B．threw
C．kept D．offered
( )11．A．priceless B．worthless
C．costless D．effortless
( )12．A．agreed B．ignored
C．doubted D．refused
( )13．A．finally B．easily
C．definitely D．truly
( )14．A．experience B．design
C．inspire D．imagine
( )15．A．chance B．problem
C．plan D．plot
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和表弟在跳蚤市场遇到心仪旧书，一位女士将书无偿地让给表弟，体现金钱背后善意与慷慨的故事。
1．C 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“Last month，I wandered around in a flea market(跳蚤市场) with my cousin．”可知，作者和表弟正在跳蚤市场闲逛，此处指他们在寻找一些隐藏的珍宝。故选C项。
2．B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“My cousin only had $30．He tried to cut the price...”以及语境可知，表弟喜欢上了一本旧皮面书。take a fancy to为固定搭配，意为“喜欢上”。故选B项。
3．A 考查形容词辨析。根据空格后的“and priced at $5...saying it was worth every penny．”可知，这本书物有所值，因此这本书是不常见的。故选A项。
4．C 考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“He tried to cut the price，but the man refused”可知，店主拒绝降低价钱。故选C项。
5．B 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“a well-dressed woman walked up to the stand”以及语境可知，作者和表弟正要离开时，一位穿着讲究的女士来到摊位前。故选B项。
6．C 考查名词辨析。根据空格前的“She picked up the same book，looked at it briefly，and paid $50”可知，她毫不犹豫就给了50美元。故选C项。
7．D 考查副词辨析。根据空格后的disappointed以及语境可知，心仪的书被买走了，表弟极其失落。故选D项。
8．A 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“she noticed my cousin’s sad face”以及空格后的“My cousin said he was a fan of the author”可知，这位女士是在询问表弟感到伤心的原因。故选A项。
9．B 考查动词短语辨析。根据空格前的“My cousin said he was a fan of the author”以及语境可知，表弟一直在找这个版本的书。故选B项。
10．D 考查动词辨析。根据空格后的“I can see that it means more to you”以及语境可知，此处指这位女士把书递给表弟。故选D项。
11．A 考查形容词辨析。根据空格前的“I can see that it means more to you．Money is just a tool，but real joy and meaning it brings”可知，女士认为与金钱相比，快乐和意义是无价的。故选A项。
12．D 考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“my cousin gave the woman all of his money，but”以及语境可知，女士拒绝了表弟给的钱。故选D项。
13．D 考查副词辨析。根据空格前的“she was happy to see the book go to someone”以及语境可知，女士很高兴看到这本书落到真正欣赏它的人的手里。故选D项。
14．C 考查动词辨析。根据空格前的“I learnt that the value of money is in the kindness and generosity it can”以及语境可知，作者明白了金钱的价值在于它能激发的善意和慷慨。故选C项。
15．A 考查名词辨析。根据空格后的“to experience something wonderful”以及语境可知，能用自己的钱做得最有价值的事情就是给别人一个体验美好事物的机会。故选A项。(共91张PPT)
Period Three
Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
课前自主预习
A．责任；义务；职责；值班
B．追求；致力于
C．无处；哪里都不
D．程度；限度；大小；范围
E．拥抱；抱紧
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．This kind of forest exists nowhere else in the world． ( )
2．His mother hugged him for a while，with tears in her eyes． ( )
3．Staff in this company must report for duty at their normal place of work． ( )
【答案】1－3 CEA
4．After college，she was still undecided as to what career she wanted to pursue． ( )
5．We are conscious of the extent of the problem． ( )
【答案】4－5 BD
Ⅱ．猜单词拼写
1．eventual adj．最后的；最终的→ ________ adv．最后；终于
(参考：final→finally)
2．music n．音乐→ ________ adj．音乐的
(参考：magic→magical)
【答案】1．eventually 2．musical
3．intend vi．& vt．打算；想要；意指→ ______ n．打算；计划；意图；目的
4．hesitate vi．犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→ ________ n．犹豫；犹豫不决
5．obligate vt．(使)负有法律(或道义)责任；使……有义务(做某事)→ ________ n．义务；职责；责任
(参考：relate→relation)
【答案】3．intention 4．hesitation 5．obligation
Ⅲ．预备语法
请写出下面画线情态动词的含义，并结合句子结构给出过去将来时的基本结构
1．You mustn’t go out at night alone，for it’s very dangerous. ________
2．Could you help me solve the problem I can’t make it. ________
【答案】1．绝不能；一定不能 2．可以；能
3．You needn’t hand in the homework today．It’s not urgent. ________
4．He might be a teacher，but I am not sure．________
5．As a student，you should understand the importance of reading．________
6．Mr Johnson said that he would wait for us at the bus stop. ________
【答案】3．没必要 4．也许；大概 5．应该 6．将会
7．She was not going to do anything that evening．_______
8．She hoped that they would meet again someday．_______
9．过去将来时的基本结构：_________________________
【答案】7．不会 8．将会
9．would do/was (were) going to do
课堂新知讲练
◇词汇拓讲
1．intention n．打算；计划；意图；目的
(P54)Both “would do” and “was/were going to do” can be used to talk about future events or intentions in the past．
【翻译】“would do”和“was/were going to do”都能被用来讨论将来的事情或过去的计划。
【用法详解】
(1)with the intention of...抱有……目的；打算……
have no intention of doing sth 不打算做某事
(2)intend v．打算；意指；想要
intend to do/doing sth 想做某事
intend sb to do sth 想要某人做某事
The tea is intended for the meeting．
这茶是专门为这次会议准备的。
be intended for...专供……使用
(3)intentional adj．故意的；蓄意的
(4)intentionally adv．故意地；蓄意地
※【拓展提升】
intend用于过去完成时时，相当于intend to have done，表示“本打算做某事(但实际没有做成)”。有类似用法的动词还有：plan，hope，think等。
I had intended to go/intended to have gone to your house last night，but it rained．
昨晚我本打算去你家的，可是下雨了。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)He left England ________ the intention of travelling in Africa．
(2)I intend them ________(work) out the problem all by themselves．
【答案】(1)with (2)to work
(3)The programme，intended ________(help) the homeless，was set up．
(4)My ________(intend) was to have a holiday and meet up with old friends．
【答案】(3)to help/helping (4)intention
2．in case 以防；以防万一
(P54)In case it happens to you on a trip abroad，what (should) you do
【翻译】万一你在国外旅游时发生这种情况，你(应该)怎么做呢？
【短语延伸】
in any case 无论如何；不管怎样
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
in case of 假如发生；万一发生
as is often the case 情况往往如此
in no case 无论如何都不；决不
in most cases 多数情况下
In case of any difficulty，call me at once．
如有任何困难，立即打电话告诉我。
In this case，we won’t wait any longer．
在这种情况下，我们就不再等了。
※【拓展提升】
in case后通常接句子；in case of后常接名词；in no case位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
【针对练习】
完成句子
(1)We fenced off the lake ____________ the children should fall in．
我们在湖边筑起一道围栏，以防孩子掉进去。
(2)He shouts when he gets angry，____________________．
他生气时就大叫，这是常有的情形。
【答案】(1)in case (2)as is often the case
句型转换
(3)Our English teacher is very strict．Anybody should in no case be allowed to be late for his class．
→Our English teacher is very strict. In no case ____________ be late for his class．
【答案】(3)should anybody be allowed to
3．hesitate vi．犹豫；迟疑；顾虑
(P55)Why does the owner think Henry hesitates to pay the bill
【翻译】为什么店主认为亨利不肯付账？
【用法详解】
(1)hesitate to do sth 犹豫做某事
hesitate about/over/at (doing) sth
对(做)某事犹豫不决
(2)hesitation n．犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
(3)hesitant adj．犹豫的；踌躇的；不愿的
be hesitant about sth 对某事犹豫不决
(4)hesitantly adv．迟疑地；踌躇地
Without hesitation he rushed into the burning house to save the baby，but his companion hesitated at that moment．
他毫不犹豫地冲进了着火的房子去救婴儿，但他的同伴就在那一刻犹豫了。
【针对练习】
单句语法填空
(1)Whatever he does，once he sets up a goal，he will start pursuing it without ________(hesitate)．
(2)However，if our office can be of further assistance，please do not hesitate ________(contact) us．
(3)He hesitated ________ whether to drive or take the train to London．
【答案】(1)hesitation (2)to contact (3)about/over/at
完成句子
(4)I felt she ______________ coming forward with her story．
我感觉她不大愿意站出来讲述自己的经历。
【答案】 was hesitant about/hesitated about
突 破 语 法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
①May I help you
②You must come at once．
③I would like to know the date．
④The little boy can read and write．
⑤You could ask the teacher for help．
⑥You can’t open it until two o’clock．
⑦May we ask what you’re doing in this country
⑧They made a bet which would settle their argument．
【我的领悟】
选出上述句子中情态动词的用法：
A．表示能力
B．表示可能与推测
C．表示许可与禁止
D．表示发出指示或提出请求
E．表示提出帮助或发出邀请
F．表示提出建议
G．表示愿望
H．表示义务和需要
①________；②________；③________；
④________；⑤________；⑥________；
⑦________；⑧________
Keys：①E ②H ③G ④A ⑤F ⑥C ⑦D ⑧B
□情态动词和过去将来时
一、情态动词的基本用法
(一)can/could的用法
用法 例子
1．表示能力，意为“能；会”。can表示现在的能力，could表示过去的能力 I can play basketball now，but I couldn’t when I was young．
现在我会打篮球了，但我小时候不会。
用法 例子
2．表示客观或理论上的可能性，意为“有时；可能会” It can be very hot here in summer.
这里夏天有时会很热。
3．表示请求或允许。could的语气比can委婉，但回答时只能用can Could I have a word with you It won’t take long．
我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。
用法 例子
4．表示推测，意为“可能”。多用于否定句或疑问句 —Can he be in the reading room now
—No，he can’t be in it．Because I saw him in the office just now．
——他现在可能在阅览室吗？
——不，他不可能在(阅览室)。因为我刚刚在办公室看见他了。
【易混辨析】
can，be able to表示“能力”
情态动词 用法
can 常用于表示现在自身具有的能力
be able to 可用于各种时态，表示经过努力后所具有的能力
Babies can swim when they were born．
婴儿们刚生下来时会游泳。(自身具有的能力)
With hard work，he was able to get good grades．
通过努力，他能取得好成绩。(经过努力后所具有的能力)
(二)may/might的用法
用法 例子
1．表示征求对方的许可或允许对方做某事(不用might) —May I come in
—Yes，you may/can．/No，you can’t．
——我可以进来吗？
——是的，你可以进来。/不行，你不能进来。
用法 例子
2．表示推测(把握不大)，意为“可能”，might比may的可能性更小 It may/might rain this afternoon．You’d better take a raincoat with you．
今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨衣。
用法 例子
3．表示祝愿，常用结构为“May＋主语＋动词原形！” May you succeed!
祝你成功！
*4．“may/might as well＋动词原形”表示“不妨；还不如” I may/might as well start at once.
我还不如马上就动身。
(三)must的用法
用法 例子
1．表示命令或强烈的建议，意为“必须” All the students must obey the school rules．
所有学生必须遵守校规。
2．表示十分肯定的推测，意为“一定；准是” Betty must be in the next room．I can hear her talking there．
贝蒂肯定在隔壁房间。我能听见她在那里讲话。
用法 例子
3．表示说话人的一种态度，意为“偏要；硬要；偏偏” Why must he go out in such bad weather
为什么他偏要在这种坏天气出门？
4．must not (mustn’t)表示禁止，意思是“不许；不准；不可以” You mustn’t stop your car in the busy street．
你不许把车停在繁忙的路上。
用法 例子
5．回答用must所提的问句时，肯定回答时用must；否定回答时用needn’t或don’t have to —Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock
—Yes，you must．(No，you needn’t．/ No，you don’t have to．)
——我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗？
——是的，你必须。(不，你没必要。)
(四)shall的用法
用法 例子
1．用于含有第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见 Shall we put off the sports meet till next month
我们能否将运动会推迟到下个月？
Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow
明天汤姆可以和我一起去那里吗？
用法 例子
2．用于含有第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人的命令、警告、威胁、允诺、决心等；或用于条约、规定、法令、法律等，意为“必须” You shall be responsible for what you have done．
你必须为你所做的事情负责。
(五)should/ought to的用法
用法 例子
1．should表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等，意为“应该” I think we should be strict with ourselves．
我认为我们应该对自己严格要求。
2．should表示出乎意料的口气，意为“竟然；居然” I can’t believe such a gentleman should do that．
我不敢相信这样一位绅士竟然会做那种事。
用法 例子
3．ought to表示义务或责任，意为“应该”，语气比should稍重 You ought not to be late for such an important meeting．
这么重要的会议你不应该迟到的。
4．should和ought to均可表示推测，指预期的可能性，意为“应该；估计” She promised to come by 10 o’clock. She should/ought to be here at any moment．
她答应在10点之前来的。她随时都可能来到。
(六)will/would的用法
用法 例子
1．表示意愿、意志、决心。will指现在；would指过去 I will never talk to him again．
我再也不愿意和他说话了。
—Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night
—I wanted to，but my mum simply would not let me out so late at night．
——你昨天晚上为什么没来参加西蒙的聚会？
——我想去参加，但我妈妈不愿意让我那么晚出去。
用法 例子
2．表示征求意见或提出请求，多用于含有第二人称的疑问句中。would比will语气委婉 Would you mind opening the window for me
你介意帮我打开窗户吗？
用法 例子
3．表示习惯性动作、固有属性、必然趋势，意为 “总是；习惯于”。will指现在；would指过去 Every morning he will always have a walk along this river．
每天早晨，他总会沿着小河散步。
Mum would tell us stories before we went to bed．
在我们上床睡觉前，妈妈总给我们讲故事。
4．表示功能，意为“能；可以”，常用于否定句 The door won’t open．
这门打不开。
(七)need的用法
用法 例子
作情态动词 need作情态动词时，常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，意为“需要” —Need I finish the work today
—Yes，you must．/No，you needn’t．
——我需要今天完成这项工作吗？
——是的，必须完成。/不用，你不必完成。
needn’t 意为“不必”，表示客观上没必要 There’s plenty of time．You needn’t walk so fast．
时间很充足，你不必走得这么快。
用法 例子
作实义动词 need作实义动词时，后可接名词、动词的-ing形式、不定式等，有人称、时态和数的变化 The bike needs repairing．
＝The bike needs to be repaired.
这辆自行车需要修理。
(八)dare的用法
用法 例子
作情态动词 表示“敢；敢于”，后跟动词原形，常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。此时的dare没有人称、数和时态的变化，能用于构成否定或疑问句 Dare you drive a car
你敢开车吗？
He daren’t go there because it is very dangerous．
他不敢去那里，因为那里很危险。
用法 例子
作实义动词 有时态和人称的变化，用do，does或did来构成否定句或疑问句 She didn’t dare to say a word．
她一句话也没敢说。
二、过去将来时
1．用法
过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。一般由“would/should＋动词原形”构成。
Carol said the work would be done by October．
卡罗尔说最迟到十月就要把工作做完。
2．否定式
过去将来时的否定式是在would或should后加not。
He promised that he wouldn’t play computer games．
他答应过不再玩电脑游戏。
3．过去将来时的其他表达方式
(1)was/were to do sth 表示“按照计划或安排将要做某事”。
He said he was to meet his friend at the station at 4:00 pm．
他说他下午四点要去车站接他的朋友。
(2)was/were about to do...表示“即将发生的动作”。
Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran towards him．
科林正要从骆驼上下来，这时一个小孩向他跑来。
(3)was/were going to do...多用于口语，强调事先打算、计划要做某事或根据某种迹象要发生某事。
He said he was going to visit a friend．
他说他要拜访一个朋友。
□追踪练习
Ⅰ．选出下列情态动词在句中的含义
1．选出下列句中can/could的含义
A．能够(表示能力)
B．可能(表示推测，常用于否定句)
C．可以(表示请求)
D．有时会；可能会(表示可能性)
(1)He can’t be here because he has gone to London last week． ( )
(2)I can speak English fluently while my sister can’t． ( )
(3)Scotland can be warm in September． ( )
(4)Could you please clean this room？ ( )
【答案】1．(1)B (2)A (3)D (4)C
2．选出下列句中may的含义
A．可以(表示许可)
B．可能(表示推测)
C．祝愿(表示祝愿)
(1)May you be happy！ ( )
(2)I think he may come today． ( )
(3)You may keep the book for 2 weeks． ( )
【答案】2．(1)C (2)B (3)A
3．选出下列句中must的含义
A．必须(表示命令或强烈的建议)
B．一定；准是(表示十分肯定的推测)
C．偏要；硬要；偏偏(表示说话人的一种态度)
D．禁止；不许；不准(表示禁止，常用于否定句)
(1)You mustn’t fire without my signal． ( )
(2)Why must he play the piano at noon？ ( )
(3)She must be tired after such a long walk． ( )
(4)You must practise your spoken English if you want to improve． ( )
【答案】3．(1)D (2)C (3)B (4)A
Ⅱ．完成句子
1．I knew you __________________．
我知道你会同意的。
2．I didn’t know how to do it．What __________ their ideas
我不知道该怎么做。他们会有什么想法呢？
【答案】1．would agree 2．would be
3．Last Saturday they __________________ the Great Wall，but it rained．
上周六他们本想去游览长城的，但却下雨了。
4．I __________________ about the thing．
应该有人告诉我这件事。
【答案】3．were going to visit 4．should be told
5．They ____________________________ music unless they finished their homework．
除非完成作业，否则他们不会去播放音乐。
6．She told us that she ______________ with us，if it rained.
她告诉我们，如果下雨，她就不和我们一起去了。
【答案】5．were not going to play 6．would not go
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ．单词拼写
1．The leader has announced his ________(打算) to retire．
2．There was ________(无处) for me to sit so I had to stand.
3．It is difficult to assess the full _____(程度) of the damage.
【答案】1．intention 2．nowhere 3．extent
4．To ________(追求) happiness and interests is the potential motive power of human nature．
5．The old lady ________(犹豫) for a while before answering the inspector’s question．
6．We ________(终于) took off at 11 o’clock and arrived in Venice at 1:30．
【答案】4．pursue 5．hesitated 6．eventually
Ⅱ．短语填空
play the role of；on duty；be stuck in；get into trouble；in case
1．The writer brought a notebook along，________ she was seized by sudden inspiration．
2．Any salespeople in this supermarket must wear name tags when __________．
【答案】1．in case 2．on duty
3．When we _____________，we need friends to help us out.
4．All of the students encouraged her to________________ the queen in the play．
5．The manager ______________ a traffic jam for an hour yesterday and was late for the meeting．
【答案】3．get into trouble 4．play the role of
5．was stuck in
Ⅲ．根据所给中文意思，用适当的情态动词完成下面的对话
Amy: 1.__________ I borrow the book(我可以借这本书吗)
Librarian: Of course，you 2.__________(当然可以)．
Amy: How long 3.__________ I keep it(我可以借多长时间)
【答案】1．Can/Could/May 2．can 3．can
Librarian: You 4.__________ keep it for two weeks(你可以借两周)．
Amy: 5.________ I return it on time(我必须得按时归还吗)
Librarian: Yes，you 6.__________．If not，you 7.________ be fined．(是的。如果不按时归还的话，你有可能被罚款。)
【答案】4．can 5．Must 6．must 7．may
Amy：I see．I know this is the rule of the library．
Librarian：Thanks for your understanding．I wish you enjoy reading．
Amy: Thank you．
提升练
Ⅰ．七选五
Teenagers Earning Money
In the US，you can only get a full-time job if you are 16 years old or older．But there are things that teenagers can do to earn some spending money．Here are a few ideas．
Parents with young children sometimes want to go out for dinner or to the movies，but they don’t want to leave their children alone． 1 If the children go to bed early，you can do some of your homework!
Some adults have a dog，but they don’t have time to take it for a walk． 2 So some teenagers work as dog walkers．It’s a good idea—you earn money and you’re outside in the fresh air．You get some exercise，too!
Teenagers can deliver newspapers．You usually ride a bike around a neighbourhood and leave a newspaper at each house．
3 . You have to get up early，too，because people want to read their newspaper with their breakfast．
4 Some companies pay teens to do online research．They want to know what teens are interested in. It’s a fun and easy way to make money. You can also design web pages for friends or adults.
Sometimes adults pay teenagers to mow their lawns．It’s a great job because you get fresh air and exercise． 5 Then you have regular customers，because grass always grows!
A．Dogs need a lot of exercise!
B．It brings a lot of safety problems．
C．Normally you have to have your own bike．
D．Teenagers can work at home on their computers．
E．It’s important to tell an adult where you’re going．
F．Do your job carefully and people will want you to do it again．
G．So，they ask a teenager to stay in the house and look after their children while they are out．
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年赚钱的五点建议。
1．G 根据上文 “Parents with young children sometimes want to go out for dinner or to the movies，but they don’t want to leave their children alone．”可知，有孩子的父母有时想出去吃饭或看电影，但他们不想让孩子一个人在家。G项“所以，他们让一个青少年待在家里，在他们外出的时候照顾他们的孩子。”符合语境。故选G项。
2．A 根据下文“So some teenagers work as dog walkers．”可知，一些青少年做遛狗的工作。A项“狗狗需要大量的运动！”符合语境。故选A项。
3．C 根据上文 “You usually ride a bike around a neighbourhood and leave a newspaper at each house．”可知，你需要骑自行车送报纸。C项“通常你必须有自己的自行车。”符合语境。故选C项。
4．D 根据下文“Some companies pay teens to do online research．”可知，一些公司付钱给青少年做在线调查。D项“青少年可以在家用电脑工作。”符合语境。故选D项。
5．F 根据下文“Then you have regular customers，because grass always grows！”可知，你就有了老客户，因为草是一直生长的。F项“认真做你的工作，人们会再找你做。”符合语境。故选F项。
Ⅱ．读后续写
My heart sank when I received the news—no salary again. How would I manage the increasing bills，the groceries and my children’s needs The future seemed hopeless．With a heavy heart，I hurried to pick up my two children，my mind racing wildly．
That’s when I saw it—a wallet，lying on the sidewalk．It was as if fate had thrown me a lifeline(救生索)．Hope came to me as I approached it．The wallet was large，and when I opened it，my eyes widened in disbelief at the sight of a large amount of cash inside it．I hesitated for a moment，torn between the immediate relief that this money promised and the morality of keeping it．
Curiosity led me to search through the wallet．The things it contained were a photo and a couple of business cards．No matter how much I wanted to take the contents，my moral principles and inner voice told me not to do this．The decision became clear；I couldn’t keep this money．It wasn’t rightfully mine．
I picked out a business card．The name and number were there．With a deep breath，I dialled the number and explained my find to the voice on the other end．The voice came，completely emotionless，warning that they would come to me．He hung up without even saying “thank you”．I was angry with the impoliteness．I even regretted my decision，but my conscience(良知) did not allow me to go back on my choice．I had told the voice where I lived and went to get my children．
Shortly after we arrived home，a large black car suddenly pulled up to our house．The driver got out and knocked on the door．When I opened it，the driver told me that the owner of the wallet wanted me to personally hand over his wallet．
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按格式在相应的位置作答。
I didn’t want to do so，but I agreed to go with the driver at last．_________________________________________________
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He wanted to reward me for my honesty and kind act．_____
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【答案】One possible version：
I didn’t want to do so，but I agreed to go with the driver at last.
After a while，the car stopped at a house，and I met the owner. He was man with a not-gentle face．But soon，his face lightened by a bright smile，and he revealed to me that all the money in the world could not replace the photo of his beloved daughter that he always carried in his wallet．His beloved daughter lived on the other side of the planet and they saw each other very rarely. After his story，he surprised me with an unexpected proposal．
He wanted to reward me for my honesty and kind act．I was awkard with his offer of a financial reward，but I could not refuse it. So I accepted and was even more pleased when I heard he would offer me a job to work for him under much better conditions and salary than my current job．My heart was beating with a mixture of emotions—relief and gratitude．My answer came quickly．This day will forever remain in my memories as the one in which my moral values and correct decisions helped change my life for the better．
