Unit 1 Science FictionIconic Attractions课件（共4份）2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第四册

(共117张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Period Three　Using Language
课前自主预习
A．皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套
B．劳动(者)；体力劳动；奋斗；努力工作
C．向后；倒着；往回
D．灯；台灯
E．随机的；不可思议的
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．The librarian took a book at random from the shelf.(　　)
2．In our village, electric light has taken the place of oil lamp.
(　　)
3．He looked backwards over his shoulder.(　　)
4．His black leather couch looks expensive.(　　)
5．To attract investors, that small country has adjusted its tax and labour laws.(　　)
【答案】1．E　2．D　3．C　4．A　5．B
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．divide vt.划分；隔开；分割；[数]除vi.分裂→_________ n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
2．urge vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐　n．强烈的欲望；冲动→_________ adj.紧急的；急迫的→_________ n．紧急(的事)
【答案】1．division　2．urgent; urgency
3．explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→________n.爆炸；爆炸声
4．mud n．泥；泥浆→_________ adj.泥泞的；多泥的
(参考：smog→smoggy)
5．backwards adv.向后；倒着；往回→_______ adv.向前；今后；远期
【答案】3．explosion　4．muddy　5．forwards
Ⅲ.预备写作素材
1．It was seven o’clock in the morning __________________ (当我醒来时) on April 4, 2040．
2．Once upon a time, a young man_____________________ (在树林里散步) when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground.
【答案】
1．when I woke up
2．was walking through a wood
3．Though the scientists never______________________(见过真正的外星人)，I still believe that besides human beings, life must exist in the universe.
4．When intelligent machines______________________(可以思考), will our brain get lazy and regress
【答案】3．saw the real aliens
4．can do the thinking
5．I was so puzzled that I couldn’t believe____________(我所看到的).
6．In the future, people may_____________________ (为他们的房屋供暖) with atomic power.
7．In a word, my life ___________________________(会更加丰富多彩).
【答案】5．what I had seen
6．heat their homes
7．will be richer and more colourful
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ.阅读课文，选择正确选项
(　　)1．What happened after the author pushed the starting lever
A．Time moved very fast.
B．Everything remained the same.
C．The author was cheated.
D．The Time Machine began to shake.
【答案】A
(　　)2．The author’s niece didn’t see the author because ________．
A．the girl moved too fast in the lab
B．it became completely dark in the lab
C．it was already deep night at that time
D．the machine moved too fast to be seen
【答案】D
(　　)3．What could the author see in the fast moving Time Machine
A．Things disappearing fast in the lab.
B．Everything growing up and dying fast.
C．Dark nights and hazy buildings.
D．Tall buildings and trees.
【答案】B
(　　)4．What would happen if the author stopped the machine
A．Danger would take place.
B．The machine would burn.
C．He would fall out of the machine.
D．The lab would fall down.
【答案】A
(　　)5．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．The machine forced it to rain heavily.
B．The author returned to the real world in the end.
C．The author was afraid to return to the earth.
D．The machine was broken when it stopped.
【答案】B
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
After giving the Time Machine a check up, it began to come into 1.________(operate) at ten o’clock.I sat 2.________(I) in the seat and pushed the starting lever on the panel.Time went past in the Time Machine much 3.________(fast) than on the land.
【答案】1．operation　2．myself　3．faster　
Then, I pushed the lever forwards and found the laboratory hazy around me.My niece came into the laboratory 4.________(fetch) her handkerchief without 5.________(see) me at all.I had a strange feeling 6._______ I had never experienced before.
【答案】4．to fetch　5．seeing　6．that/which　
7.________my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away.As a result, I had a strange urge to look at 8.________random things that were being flashed before my eyes.Then, I pulled the lever backwards hard.9.________(sudden), the Time Machine turned over by the roadside, and then I 10.________(throw) into the open air and fell to the ground.
【答案】7．As　8．the　9．Suddenly　10．was thrown
课堂新知讲练
1．superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
(P6)In sci–fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
【翻译】在科幻小说中，机器人往往变得更优越并占据主导地位。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)be superior to… 比……优越 (更好、强)
(2)superiority n．优势；优越感
have superiority over/to…in… 在……方面比……有优势
(3)superior 本身有“更”的意思，不再有比较级和最高级形式。
类似的短语有：
be junior to… 比……年轻/资历浅
be inferior to… 次于……；不如……
【用法详解】
I’ll report you to your superior officer!
我要把你的情况报告给你的上司！
The human mind will always be superior to machines because machines are only tools of human minds.
人类的大脑将永远优越于机器，因为机器仅仅只是人脑的工具。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)He had a well-developed sense of his own____________ (superior).
(2)They have developed techniques superior _______ those used in most factories.
【答案】(1)superiority　(2)to
完成句子
(3)Some people hold the opinion that reading paper books ___________________ reading e-books in many ways while others argue that reading e-books is much better.
一些人认为阅读纸质书在很多方面优于阅读电子书，而其他人认为阅读电子书更好。
(4)The company’s products have a clear __________________ in quality.
这家公司的产品在质量上明显优于其竞争对手。
【答案】(3)is superior to　(4)superiority over its competitors
2．take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
(P6)In sci-fi stories, robots often become superior and take over.
【翻译】在科幻小说中，机器人往往变得更优越并占据主导地位。
take off 起飞；脱下；大获成功
take back 收回； 退回； 使回想起
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take up 拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续
take away 拿走；夺走；消除
take down 写下；记下；拆卸
【用法详解】
He was given some pills to take away the pain.
给他开了一些止疼片。
When she fell ill, her daughter took over the business from her.
当她生病的时候，她的女儿从她手中接管了公司。
[针对练习]
用take 相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)Technology is here to help us, but we should not allow it to _____________ our lives.
(2)While reading popular science books, we can _____________more basic knowledge.
【答案】(1)take over　(2)take in　
(3)She was eager to _______________ new responsibilities at her job.
(4)Her career really _______________ after she won the award for Best Actress.
【答案】(3)take on　(4)took off
3．conflict with与……冲突或抵触
(P7)A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the first or second law.
【翻译】在不违反第一或第二定律的前提下，机器人必须保护自己的存在。
(1)a conflict between…and… ……和……之间的冲突
in conflict with sb 与某人有冲突
come/fall into conflict with… 与……产生冲突
(2)conflicted adj. 因心理冲突而不知所措的
be conflicted about… 对……感到矛盾
【用法详解】
Our troops conflicted with the enemies at the fortress.
我们的部队与敌人在要塞激战。
There is a conflict between what you are doing and what you want.
你所做的与你想要的之间存在冲突。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)There is always a conflict ____________good and evil in his plays.
(2)He often conflicts ________his classmates, which annoys his parents.
(3)I felt deeply ____________(conflict) about whether or not to keep the wallet I had found.
【答案】(1)between　(2)with　(3)conflicted
完成句子
(4)Instantly, without a few hours, the video went viral._______ ____________________ between whether I should be happy or sad.
视频立即在几小时内就火了起来。我的情绪很复杂，不知道该高兴还是难过。
【答案】(4)My emotions were so conflicted
4．labour n．劳动(者)；体力劳动
vi.奋斗；努力工作
(P7)They will probably do most of our labour for us.
【翻译】他们可能会替我们做大部分的工作。
(1)manual labour(＝work using your hands) 体力劳动
labour costs 人工成本
the labouring class(＝the working class) 工人阶级
(2)labour for sth 为了某事而劳动
labour to do sth 为了做某事而努力工作
labour over sth 在某件事情上花费精力
labour through/up/along 缓慢而艰难地前进
【用法详解】
We labour for the happiness of mankind.
我们为人类的幸福而努力。
It takes a lot of labour to build a railway.
修筑一条铁路要花费许多劳动力。
The editor laboured over the manuscript till early morning.
编辑煞费苦心地修改稿件，一直到清晨。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)The price included the __________________________．
此价格中包含了人工费和材料费。
(2)The small company wants to keep down ____________．
这家小公司想缩减劳动成本。
【答案】(1)labour and materials　(2)labour costs　
(3)Try not to ______________________ your decisions, think quickly, and act fast.
尽量不要为你的决定费心，快速思考，快速行动。
(4)They _____________ years to buy a house in this big city.
他们为了在这个大城市买房努力工作了许多年。
【答案】(3)labour over　(4)laboured for
5．fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来
(P8)My niece came in to fetch something, maybe her handkerchief, apparently without seeing me.
【翻译】我侄女进来拿东西，也许是她的手帕，显然没有看到我。
(1)fetch a doctor 去请医生
fetch sth 去取某物(回到原地)
fetch out 取出；暴露
fetch sb sth＝fetch sth for sb 为某人取某物
fetch and carry 打杂； 做杂务
(2)fetch用作动词时，还可意为“售得；卖得(某价)”。
【用法详解】
Could you fetch me my bag
你能帮我去取我的包吗？
The painting is expected to fetch between two and three million pounds.
预计这幅画将售得两三百万英镑。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Please ___________ the book from the shelf.
请从书架上拿出那本书。
(2)I’m expected to _____________ for everyone in the office.
办公室里每个人都期望我听他们差遣。
(3)He had to _______________ from the well every morning.
每天早上，他不得不去这口井打水。
【答案】(1)fetch out　(2)fetch and carry　(3)fetch water
6．turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
(P8)Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
【翻译】黑夜来临了，就像一盏灯被熄灭了一样，又过了一会儿，白昼来临了。
(1)turn out badly/well/all right 结果很糟/很好/尚可
turn out (to be)＋adj./n. 结果是/原来是……
It turns out that… 结果是/原来是……(用于主语从句)
as it turned out 结果证明(用于定语从句)
【用法详解】
(2)turn down关小；拒绝
turn away拒绝……入内；把……打发走；转过脸去
turn up出现；露面；调大
turn over打翻；翻身；移交
turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；开始从事(学习、工作)；查阅；转向
turn off关掉；截断(电流、煤气、水等)
turn into… 变成……
He turned down my suggestion and turned over the business to his daughter.
他拒绝了我的建议，把生意移交给了他的女儿。
[针对练习]
用turn 相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)He ________________the job because it involved too much travelling.
(2)There’s no need to be upset about that.I’m sure things will _______________ well.
【答案】(1)turned down　(2)turn out
(3)The Internet has now become the first place that the majority of people _______________ for information.
(4)I ________________the volume and stood staring at the radio, holding my breath and waiting for the first notes of the song.
【答案】(3)turn to　(4)turned up
7．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失
(P8)As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.
【翻译】随着我的脚步加快，实验室的墙壁消失了，我被留在了户外。
fall away除了表示“减少；消失”以外，还可以表示“背离；离开；疏远；抛弃；消瘦；倾斜”。
fall apart 破旧；破碎；破裂；(精神)崩溃
fall back 后退；撤退；(价值)下降
fall behind 落后
fall into 进入(某种状态)；开始做；参与；可分成
【用法详解】
fall off 脱落；掉落
fall over 摔倒；倒下
fall down 突然倒下；坍塌；失败；(想法、论点、方法等)站不住脚；说不通
fall through 落空；失败；化为泡影
The house looked as if it was about to fall down.
房子看起来好像就要倒塌似的。
There is still a risk that the whole deal will fall through.
整桩买卖化为泡影的风险仍然存在。
They fall off the plastic objects and are moved by the wind, just like dust.
它们就像灰尘一样从塑料物体上脱落，被风吹走。
[针对练习]
用fall 相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)If you take this medicine, all your pains and aches will ________________．
(2)The six-minute speech silenced all the people and made them _____________ deep thinking.
【答案】(1)fall away　(2)fall into　
(3)If you don’t come to class regularly, you will ___________ in your studies.
(4)It is commonplace that some babies often __________when they are learning to walk.
【答案】(3)fall behind　(4)fall down　
完成句子
(5)We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale ____________________．
我们为自己的房子找了个买主，但后来交易泡汤了。
(6)Lisa stared out the window of the jumbo jet, watching the runway ___________ behind her.
丽萨正盯着一架大型喷气式客机的窗外，看着飞机跑道渐渐远去。
【答案】(5)fell through　(6)fall away
8．division n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
(P8)The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day.
【翻译】太阳和月亮看起来像是被扔到了天空中一样，但很快就有了昼夜之分。
(1)division of/in… 在……的差异/分歧
division between A and B A和B的差异
(2)divide v．(使)分开；分配；分隔
divide (sth) into 分成；分为；把……分割成
divide (sth) by 除以；用……除
divide sth between/among… 在……之间分配某物；由……分享某物
【用法详解】
Opening hours will be divided into four time periods with a maximum of 2,500 visitors in each section.
开放时间将被划分为4个时段，每个时段最多接待2 500名游客。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The river forms the ________(divide) between the heavy industrial and light industrial areas of the city.
(2)The park, ________(divide) into two sections along a stream, has several bridges built over the stream.
(3)They were randomly divided ________four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels(分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels.
【答案】(1)division　(2)divided　(3)into
完成句子
(4)I’m very pleased with your teaching style, but I’d like to express my concerns regarding your plan to randomly __________ ___________________ for post-class oral practice.
我对你的教学风格非常满意，但我想对你课后口语练习中随机把学生分成两人一组进行的计划表示担忧。
【答案】(4)divide students into pairs
9．explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破
(P9)But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb!
【翻译】但如果我停下来，同样的空间被别的东西占据了，我们就会被迫在一起像炸弹一样爆炸！
(1)explode with anger/rage勃然大怒
explode into/with laughter哄堂大笑
explode to 激增至
(2)explosive adj.易爆炸的；爆炸性的；激增的
(3)explosion n．爆炸
【用法详解】
That man exploded with anger when he heard the objection.
那个男子一听到反对意见就勃然大怒。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Professor Challenger’s face went red as a tomato.His beard was bristling.He looked ready to ________________________．
查林杰教授的脸红得像个西红柿。他的胡子根根竖起，看样子他简直要气炸了。
【答案】(1)explode with rage/anger
(2)When Davis got the last point and won the match, the crowd________________________．
当戴维斯得到了最后一分，赢得了比赛时，人群中爆发出掌声。
【答案】(2)exploded into applause
1．(P8)It was at ten o’clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
【翻译】今天十点钟，第一台时间机器开始了它的工作生涯。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“It was…that…”是一个常用的强调句型。在本句中，强调的是时间状语“at ten o’clock today”。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)强调句的基本句型： It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。
(2)强调句的一般疑问句式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他成分？
(4)not…until…结构的强调句型为“It is/was not until…that…”。在这一固定句型中，由于not已经前移，that的后面只能用肯定形式。
注意：
(1)此结构中的it 没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调部分。
(2)强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、状语，不能强调谓语。
(3)被强调的成分是表示人时用who/that，而被强调成分是其他(事物、时间、地点等)时只能用that。
It was I who/that met him in the park this morning.
今天早上正是我在公园遇见了他。
It was him that/who I met in the park this morning.
今天早上我在公园遇见的正是他。
It was in the park that I met him this morning.
今天早上我正是在公园里遇见了他。
It was this morning that I met him in the park.
正是今天早上我在公园里遇见了他。
[针对练习]
把下面句子的画线部分用强调句型进行改写
(1)Tom met his old school friend on the plane last week.
______________________________________________
【答案】
(1)It was his old school friend that/who Tom met on the plane last week.
(2)Tom met his old school friend on the plane last week.
______________________________________________
(3)Tom met his old school friend on the plane last week．
______________________________________________
【答案】
(2)It was on the plane that Tom met his old school friend last week.
(3)It was last week that Tom met his old school friend on the plane.
(4)Tom met his old school friend on the plane last week.
______________________________________________
【答案】
(4)It was Tom who/that met his old school friend on the plane last week.
2．(P9)So long as I travelled at maximum speed, it didn’t matter.
【翻译】只要我以最高的速度前进，就不会有什么问题。
【句式剖析】
so/as long as 意为“只要”，表示充分条件，引导条件状语从句。
【归纳拓展】
条件状语从句的常用引导词有：
provided/providing that (倘若，只要)
on condition that (条件是)强调特定要求
suppose/supposing (that) (假设) 用于假设性条件状语从句
only if (只有……才) 语气比if更强
once (一旦) 表示时间与条件结合
You may go out providing that you finish your homework.
你只要做完了家庭作业，就可以出去。
So long as we work with perseverance, we can make the impossible possible.
只要持之以恒地工作，我们就能把不可能变成可能。
As long as you work out on a daily basis, you will keep healthy.
只要你每天锻炼，你就会保持健康。
I lend you the book on condition that you return it next week.
只要你下个星期归还，我就把这本书借给你。
Supposing it snows, what shall we do
假如下雪的话，我们该怎么办呢？
Only if you apologise will I forgive you.
只要你道歉，我就原谅你。
Once you understand the rules, it becomes easier.
一旦你理解了这些规则，就容易多了。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)_______________ he didn’t come, what should we do
假如他不来，我们该怎么办？
(2)I will agree to go _________________ my expenses are paid.
如果帮我支付费用，我就同意去。
【答案】(1)Supposing that　(2)provided/providing that　
(3)___________ you try your best, it doesn’t matter whether you win or not.
只要尽力而为，输赢无关紧要。
【答案】(3)So long as
3．(P8)The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky…
【翻译】太阳和月亮看起来像是被扔到了天空中一样……
【句式剖析】
本句中的as if意为“似乎，好像”，其引导的从句在句中作looked的表语。
【归纳拓展】
(1)as if意为“似乎，好像”，可引导表语从句或状语从句。
(2)as if从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。
(3)as if从句如果表示虚拟语气，则从句的谓语动词形式用动词过去式，表示与主句谓语的动作同时发生的情况；从句的谓语动词形式用“had＋过去分词”，表示先于主句谓语的动作发生。
It seems as if it is going to rain.
看起来好像就要下雨了。
I felt as if I had made an outrageous howler.
我觉得自己似乎犯了一个不可容忍的低级错误。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Tears swirling in his eyes, David raised his head, looking at me ____________________________， but soon lowered his head once again.
戴维的眼泪在眼眶里打转，他抬起头，看着我，好像他要对我说点儿什么，但很快又低下了头。
【答案】(1)as if he would say something to me
(2)The hall crowded with audience made me even more uneasy.My heart was pounding hard, ______________________．
挤满观众的大厅让我更加不安起来， 我的心扑通扑通地好像要跳出来了。
【答案】 (2)as if it were about to pop/jump out
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ.把下面句子改为被动句
1．His mother told him not to waste time on playing.
______________________________________________
2．Father gave me a toy on my birthday.
______________________________________________
【答案】
1．He was told not to waste time on playing (by his mother).
2．I was given a toy on my birthday (by Father).
3．This factory produces machine tools.
______________________________________________
4．They should do it at once.
______________________________________________
【答案】
3．Machine tools are produced by this factory.
4．It should be done at once (by them).
5．He is likely to let you down.
______________________________________________
6．They named the child Tom.
______________________________________________
【答案】
5．You are likely to be let down (by him).
6．The child was named Tom (by them).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．It’s still far from clear what action the government proposes to take _______ the affair.
2．In terms of working skills, Li Lei is superior _______ any other staff in his company.
3．I had meant ________(pay) you a visit last Sunday, but I was too busy to leave.
【答案】1．over　2．to　3．to pay　
4．The teacher seems to be unsatisfied with your answer because it is quite _______ the point.
5．I’ll have to remind you _______ your promise to return to me that sum of money you borrowed last year.
6．It was on a rainy day _______ we held the sports meeting last term.
【答案】4．off　5．of/about　6．that　
7．The bridge __________________(complete) by the end of last month.
8．More than five tons of rice is turned _______ on this farm every year.
9．All his old friends fall _______ from him.
10．_______ time went by, the little boy has turned out to be a handsome young man.
【答案】7．had been completed　8．out　
9．away　10．As
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．___________ that about three hundred people __________ in this accident.
据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。
【答案】1．It’s reported; were killed
2．The mountain top ___________ snow all round the year.
那山顶终年积雪。
3．The old habit ___________ after he moved to a new city.
搬去新城市后，他的旧习惯消失了。
【答案】2．is covered with　3．fell away
4．The sports meeting _______________ next Wednesday afternoon.
校运会将在下周三下午举行。
5．The railway _______________ by the workers since two years ago.
那一条铁路是由工人两年前修建的。
【答案】4．will be held　5．has been built
6．This collection _______________ three parts: poems, essays and short stories.
这部合集由诗歌、散文和短篇小说三部分组成。
7．I like this English song and it _____________________ many times on the radio.
我喜欢这首英文歌，它已经在广播里播放过很多次了。
【答案】6．is made up of　7．has been played
8．The old house _____________________ by trees, invisible from the road.
这栋古老的房子被树包围着，从路上是看不见的。
【答案】8．is being surrounded
提升练
阅读理解
A
Sometimes it takes a work of art to give the inspiration for advances in science.For example, Elon Musk’s dream of humans living on other planets was first inspired by Isaac Asimov’s Foundation book series.Let’s explore some of the technologies from science fiction that have been brought to life.
※Remote control
Frank Herbert’s 1965 novel Dune features a small flying robot device that is piloted remotely, one of the earliest appearances of drones(无人机) in science fiction.With the first permit for commercial drone use in the US given in 2006, drones became a reality, and can now be found taking on multiple roles.They provide new angles for photography, help farmers maintain their crops and are used in the military.Jeff Bezos has even supported the use of drones to deliver packages for his company Amazon, unveiling(公开) a delivery drone back in 2019．
※From thin air
Television show Star Trek, first appearing on screens in 1966, inspired science.One of the most unexpected examples may be the 3D printer.In 2019, researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, US, developed a 3D printer that shapes objects using rays (光线) of light.
They have named the printer the “replicator”, the same name as the device in the programme to show their inspiration.The device uses light to alter the density(密度) of resin(树脂), changing the material from a liquid to a solid in order to shape the desired object.
※Starting the heart
One of the first sci–fi novels, Frankenstein by Mary Shelley has had a huge impact on science.Earl Bakken, the inventor of the pacemaker(起搏器), a device placed into the chest that helps the heart to pump blood using small electrical impulses(脉冲), was inspired by the 1931 movie adaptation of the book.“What intrigued me the most … was the creative spark of Dr Frankenstein’s electricity,” Bakken told the Atlantic.
(　　)1．Why does Jeff Bezos want to use drones
A．To transport packages.
B．To guard military sites.
C．To seed and water crops.
D．To snap breathtaking pictures.
(　　)2．What do we know about the 3D printer
A．It came into use in 1966．
B．It is used to print anything.
C．It can change the density of a desired object.
D．It has been named after a device in Star Trek.
(　　)3．What is the common feature of the technologies mentioned in the article
A．They are all based on electricity.
B．They are all invented by famous CEOs.
C．They are all brought to life from science fiction.
D．They are all used for commercial and medical purposes.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科幻作品预见并启发现实科技发展的三个案例。
1． A　细节理解题。根据※Remote control部分中的“Jeff Bezos has even supported the use of drones to deliver packages for his company Amazon, unveiling(公开) a delivery drone back in 2019.”可知，Jeff Bezos想使用无人机来运送包裹。故选A项。
2．D　细节理解题。根据※From thin air部分中的“Television show Star Trek, first appearing on screens in 1966, inspired science. One of the most unexpected examples may be the 3D printer.”及“They have named the printer the ‘replicator’， the same name as the device in the programme to show their inspiration.”可知，3D打印机是以《星际迷航》中的一个设备命名的。故选D项。
3．C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Let’s explore some of the technologies from science fiction that have been brought to life.”可知，这些技术的共同特征是从科幻小说中得到灵感并被实现。故选C项。
B
The Wandering EarthⅡ，a science-fiction movie, has aroused hot debate among galaxy scientists and science-fiction writers, both in China and overseas.Among them, John Gribbin, a UK science writer, speaks highly of rising science education in China and says that that’s what makes science fiction prosper.
“It is very important in this technological age for people to understand the fundamentals of science, and then popular science writing can inform them of the world around them,” he says.“This is a bit like music.Even if you are not a great musician, if you know a little bit, you gain a deeper appreciation of great music.” Zhou Binghong, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology, holds a similar view.“The more scientific knowledge one gains, the more questions he or she will have about how the world runs.This leaves them wanting to know more, especially youngsters.”
Both episodes of The Wandering Earth include quite a few imaginary technologies that need basic scientific knowledge to understand.In the latest one, for example, what arouses most fierce discussions among the public is a “space elevator” that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket.On various platforms, there are discussions about whether such an elevator is possible.If it were possible, what materials would be used
For Zhou, such discussions themselves mean the public has a taste for science.He says, “Interest marks the first step toward creativity.Who knows who will emerge as an engineer of such an elevator in 50 years’ time？”
Impressed by the progress of science-related industries in China, Gribbin says that “it is going from strength to strength” and that “China is one of the leading countries for scientific research and technological development, and that the Chinese people are naturally interested in the developments.”
(　　)4．What leads to the popularity of science fiction according to Paragraph 1
A．The charm of science.
B．The attraction of literature.
C．The popularity of the film.
D．The development of science education.
(　　)5．Why does the author mention the music in Paragraph 2
A．To stress music is necessary in science.
B．To tell readers why music appreciation is important.
C．To show the relationship between music and science.
D．To indicate the importance of learning scientific knowledge.
(　　)6．Which is the function of the “space elevator” in The Wandering Earth Ⅱ？
A．It helps control the rocket.
B．It sends astronauts into space.
C．It enables astronauts to walk in space.
D．It maintains astronauts’ safety in space.
(　　)7．Which of the following can be the best title for this text
A．Putting Science Into Fiction
B．Fiction Gaining in Popularity
C．Science Planting Seeds of Hope
D．A Leading Country for Scientific Research
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕科学教育与科幻小说的关系进行了阐释。
4．D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Among them, John Gribbin…what makes science fiction prosper.”可知，科学教育的发展是科幻小说受欢迎的原因。故选D项。
5．D　推理判断题。第二段第一句提到了解科学的基本原理非常重要。后面接着提到了这有点像音乐，阐述了懂一点音乐对于音乐欣赏的作用。由此可推知，第二段是以对音乐的欣赏为例说明学习科学知识的重要性。故选D项。
6．B　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“In the latest one…be taking an elevator instead of a rocket.”可知，太空电梯的功能是送航天员去太空。故选B项。
7．A　标题归纳题。文章第一段最后一句“Among them, John Gribbin… what makes science fiction prosper.”点出了科学教育与科幻小说繁荣之间的关系，后面几段具体论证了这种关系。由此可知，A项“把科学融入小说”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A项。(共120张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Period Two　Learning About Language
课前自主预习
A．女主席；女董事长；女委员长
B．计算；核算；预测
C．面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉
D．活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
E．售货员；推销员
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．The International Convention Centre is the venue for a three–day arts festival.(　　)
2．If the dough is sticky, add more flour.(　　)
3．She is the chairwoman of the department of human genetics at the University of Chicago.(　　)
4．Conservationists(自然资源保护主义者) calculate that hundreds of species could be lost in this area.(　　)
5．Mr Singh was a highly successful salesman who worked in a supermarket.(　　)
【答案】1.D　2.C　3.A　4.B　5.E
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．week n．周；星期→__________ adj.每周的 n．周刊
(参考：annual→annually)
2．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→__________ n．计算；预测
(参考：create→creation)
【答案】1.weekly　2.calculation
Ⅲ.预备语法(被动语态)
指出黑体部分是什么类型的被动形式
1．All the work has been finished by now.________
2．Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing.________
【答案】1．现在完成时的被动形式
2．过去进行时的被动形式
3．Some words and phrases are often used to compare and contrast information.________
4．It is an honour to be invited to speak here.________
5．I’m sure that the monkey is not going to be put in the case.
________
【答案】3．一般现在时的被动形式
4．不定式的被动形式
5．一般将来时的被动形式
课堂新知讲练
1．rumour n．谣言；传闻
(P4)Rumours are like sharp knives, cutting one’s self–respect into pieces.
【翻译】谣言就像锋利的刀子，把人的自尊切成碎片。
◇词汇拓讲
rumour of/about sth 有关某事的传闻/谣言
start/spread a rumour制造/散布谣言
Rumour has it that… 有传闻说……
【用法详解】
Rumour has it that he was murdered.
有传闻说他被杀了。
Many of the stories are based on rumours.
这些说法很多都是道听途说。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)__________________(有传闻说) Mr Li will be appointed headmaster of our school.
(2)It is not right for you to ______________(传播这些谣言).
(3)There are different ______________________________(有关这次事故的传闻).
【答案】(1)Rumour has it that　(2)spread these rumours
(3)rumours about the accident
2．presume vt.& vi.假设；假定
(P4)Whoever is charged with a crime should be presumed innocent until proven otherwise.
【翻译】任何被指控犯罪的人都应该被假定为无罪，直到有证据证明他有罪。
(1)I presume so.我想是的。
It is presumed that… 据推测……
presume from… 从……中推测
presume to do sth 冒昧地做某事；擅自做某事
presume on/upon (不正当地)利用；滥用；把希望寄托于
(2)presumption n．推测；设想；推定
【用法详解】
I presumed him to be her husband.
我料想他就是她的丈夫。
Little is known of her youngest son; it is presumed that he died young.
对于她最小的儿子所知甚少，据推测他已经夭亡。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)I presume ________ your pronunciation and intonation that you are a foreigner.
(2)Many people presume the examination ________(be) quite difficult.
【答案】(1)from　(2)to be
完成句子
(3)____________ his seniority, he always imposes his ideas on others.
他总是倚老卖老，把他的想法强加于人。
(4)____________________ another snowstorm will strike our city soon.
据推测，另一场暴风雪很快就会袭击我们的城市。
【答案】(3)Presuming on/upon　(4)It is presumed that
3．on a … basis　根据；以……的方式(基准)
(P4)money paid for work or services, typically on a daily or weekly basis
【翻译】为工作或服务所支付的钱，通常以一天或一周为基准
(1)basis n. (pl. bases) 基础；根据
on the basis of… 根据……；在……的基础上；基于……
(2)base vt. 以……为据点；以……为基础 n. 底部；根据；基地；基础
base…on/upon… 把……建立在……的基础之上
be based on/upon… 根据……； 以……为基础
(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的
【用法详解】
She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications.
她因资历适合而获选担任这份工作。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The system was introduced________ a trial basis for one month.
(2)The novel is ________(base) on a true story.
(3)Many ________(basis) human rights, including freedom of speech, are now guaranteed.
【答案】(1)on　(2)based　(3)basic
完成句子
(4)They want all groups to be treated__________________．
他们希望对待所有的团体都能一视同仁。
【答案】(4)on an equal basis
4．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测
(P4)They believe if AI can handle tasks like calculating and driving for us, we will have more time for creating, thinking, and “being human”．
【翻译】他们相信，如果人工智能能够为我们处理计算和驾驶等任务，我们将有更多的时间去创造、思考和“成为人类”。
(1)calculate that… 算出；推算出
calculate on/upon 依靠；期待；指望；计算
be calculated to do sth 故意做/打算做/可能做某事
It is/was calculated that… 据估算……
(2)calculator n．计算器
calculation n．计算
【用法详解】
I’ll calculate what it will cost.
我要估计一下那会花多少钱。
The scientist could not calculate when the spaceship would reach Jupiter.
那位科学家没有算出那艘宇宙飞船什么时候会到达木星。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Emotional people don’t stop ________(calculate).
(2)Li Ming calculates ________(go) on a trip next week.
(3)It ________(calculate) that the bridge will be completed in two weeks.
(4)I calculated ________ the trip would take two days.
【答案】(1)to calculate　(2)to go
(3)is calculated　(4)that
1．(P4)She has been interviewed many times, appeared on the covers of magazines, and become the first non–human in the world to be given citizenship by a country.
【翻译】她多次接受采访，登上杂志封面，成为世界上第一个获得国家公民身份的非人类。
【句式剖析】
“to be given citizenship”是动词不定式短语，在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词non–human。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)动词不定式作定语时要放在所修饰的名词或者代词的后面。
(2)有很多名词常用不定式作定语。常见的有ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, way, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, reason, moment, time等。
(3)如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等时，不定式后面要有必要的介词。
(4)当名词被first, second等序数词以及形容词的最高级或者last, only等修饰时，其后常用不定式作后置定语。
(5)不定式作定语一般表示将来。
Mr Li bought a comfortable flat to live in.
李先生买了一套舒适的公寓居住。
He is the best man to do the job.
他是做这项工作的最好人选。
I must keep the promise to pay within a month.
我必须遵守在一个月之内偿付的诺言。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Mr Brown is always the first person ________(arrive) at his office.
(2)Few people in that neighbourhood made the attempt ________(pick) up the rubbish around the dustbin.
(3)They had to find a comfortable hotel ________(stay) first.
(4)Mary is always the last person ________(ask) for help from others.
【答案】(1)to arrive　(2)to pick　(3)to stay　(4)to ask
2．(P4)When it comes to games, 2017 became a year in which AI defeated humans in so many games that AI researchers say that it will not be long before AI can win at almost everything.
【翻译】当谈到游戏，2017年是人工智能在众多游戏中击败人类的一年。人工智能研究人员表示，用不了多久人工智能就会赢得几乎所有的游戏。
【句式剖析】
本句中的before引导一个时间状语从句，但不译成“在……之前”，而应译为“(过多久之后)才……”。
【归纳拓展】
before用作连词，引导时间状语从句，除了表示“在……之前”以外，还可以表示“……(之后)才；(不多久)就；不等……就”。
(1)It won’t be…before… 用不了多长时间就会……(before从句用一般现在时)
(2)It will be…before… 得过多久才……(before从句用一般现在时)
(3)It wasn’t…before… 没过多长时间就……(before从句用一般过去时)
(4)It was…before… 过了多长时间才……(before从句用一般过去时)
It was not long before I tracked down the lost wallet.
不久我就找到了遗失的钱包。
It will be half a year before you graduate from this school.
半年后你才能从这所学校毕业。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Let’s clean down the board ________ we paint it.
(2)It ________(be) two years before we know whether it is effective.
(3)Before we ________(walk) five miles, Anne complained of sore feet.
(4)Put that glass cup away before it ________(get) broken.
【答案】(1)before　(2)will be　(3)walked/had walked　(4)gets
突 破 语 法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
1．Lots of trees are planted in the park every spring.
2．They were punished by their boss last week.
3．The old bridge has been pulled down.
4．All the cars have been sold out so far.
5．The fire had been put out before the firemen arrived.
6．Those two sick villagers had been sent to the hospital before I got there.
7．I think my dream will be turned into reality in the future.
8．Such rude behaviour must be criticised．
9．All the lights should be turned off before you leave the office.
【我的领悟】
1．句1、句2都是一般时态，其被动语态的构成是：be＋______。其中的动词be根据动作发生的______和句子的主语确定其具体形式。
2．句3、句4都是________(时)态。其被动语态的构成是：has/have＋________＋过去分词。
Keys：1．过去分词；时间
2．现在完成时；been
3．句5、句6都是________(时)态。其被动语态的构成是：________＋________＋过去分词。其中的助动词had没有人称和数的变化。
4．句7是________(时)态。其被动语态的构成是：________＋________＋过去分词。
5．句8、句9都是含有情态动词的句子。这时，其被动语态的构成是：________＋________＋________。
Keys：3．过去完成时；had；been
4．一般将来时；will；be
5．情态动词；be；过去分词
□被动语态(The Passive Voice)
一、常见时态的被动句的构成：
时态 被动语态形式 例句
一般 现在时 am/is/are done All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.
一般 过去时 was/were done The hero’s story was reported differently in the newspapers.
时态 被动语态形式 例句
一般 将来时 shall/will be done 或am/is/are going to be done Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory is closed.
The task is going to be completed by a group of children.
过去 将来时 would be done 或was/were going to be done The child was disappointed to hear that he would not be taken to the air show.
时态 被动语态形式 例句
现在 进行时 am/is/are being done A new trade centre is being built here.
过去 进行时 was/were being done A meeting was being held when I got there.
现在 完成时 have/has been done —The window is dirty.
—I know.It hasn’t been cleaned for months.
时态 被动语态形式 例句
过去 完成时 had been done By the end of last year, a new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.
将来 完成时 will have been done All the construction work will have been completed by the end of 2028.
二、主动句改为被动句
被动语态是历年来高考的重要考点之一。将主动语态改为被动语态时，请牢记“一变、二套、三注意”。
“一变”：在变主动为被动或变被动为主动时，把原句的主语和宾语互换，注意被动语态的构成为“be＋过去分词”。
We grew a tree yesterday.
→A tree was grown by us yesterday.
“二套”：被动语态的构成为“be＋过去分词”。在不同的时态中，过去分词保持不变，而be动词随着时态却有不同的变化，如：am/is/are(一般现在时)；was/were(一般过去时)；have/has been(现在完成时)；am/is/are being(现在进行时)等。若含有情态动词，则用“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”结构。
The pen has been found by me.
Homework must be finished first.
The flowers are being watered by them.
“三注意”：①句子中含有双宾语(如give/buy sb sth)时，一般要把间接宾语(sb)变成被动句的主语，若将直接宾语(sth) 变成主语，则在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。常用介词to的动词有：give, show, pass, hand, lend, send等；常用介词for的动词有borrow, buy, make等。
The eraser was passed to me at last.
A new toy was bought for me as my birthday present by him.
②在主动句中，谓语是含有介词或副词的动词短语，变为被动句时，介词或副词不能省略。常见的词组有：listen to, take care of, pay attention to 等。
We often talk with the old politely.
→The old are often talked with politely by us.
③主动句中作宾语补足语的不带to的动词不定式，在变被动时要加上to。常见的词组有：hear/see sb do sth, make sb do sth等。
We make the boy stand outside.
→The boy was made to stand outside by us.
三、被动语态的特殊结构形式
1．当“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，要将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
Someone caught the boy playing chess.
→The boy was caught playing chess.
2．在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面，不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中的不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，这个不定式要加上to。
Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.
→A stranger was seen to walk into the building.
3．有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。
The meeting is to be put off till Friday.
4．非谓语动词的被动语态。
动词的–ing 形式及不定式 to do 也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。
I don’t like being laughed at in the public.
The president will get the letter to be typed.
5．“It is said that＋从句”及其他类似句型： 一些表示“据说”或“相信”等意义的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth”。
It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.
＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.
6．谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义。
(1)英语中有很多动词如 break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, read, write, wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是物。
This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表示被动，强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：
The door won’t lock.(指门本身有故障)
The door won’t be locked.(指不会有人来锁门， 指“门没有锁”是人的原因)
(2)表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词或短语，如happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。
How do the newspapers come out
(3)系动词没有被动形式， 但有些表示感受、感官的系动词如feel, sound, taste, look, feel等在“主系表”结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。
Your reason sounds reasonable.
7．非谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义。
在某些句型中，可用动词的-ing形式或不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
(1)在need, want, require, bear等动词的后面，动词的-ing形式用主动形式可表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing (＝to be repaired).
(2)形容词worth后面跟动词的-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面可跟动词不定式的被动形式。
The picture-book is well worth reading.
＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read.
(3)动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系， 不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.(to do与things是动宾关系，与I是主谓关系)
试比较：I’ll go to the post office.Do you have a letter to be posted？(此处用不定式的被动语态作定语，表明you不是post动作的执行者)
(4)在某些“形容词＋不定式”作表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有：nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。
This problem is difficult to work out.(可看作to work out的后面省略了for me)
(5)在“too…to…”结构中，不定式的前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.
(6)在“There be…”句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动形式作定语，重点在人；用被动形式作定语，重点在物。
There is no time to lose (to be lost).(用 to lose可看成for us to lose；用to be lost，主语是谁则不明确)
8．介词in, on, under等接名词构成介词短语表示被动意义。
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含有被动意义，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。
(1)“under＋名词”结构，表示“某事在进行中”。常见的有：under control(受控制), under treatment(在治疗中), under repair(在修理中), under discussion(在讨论中), under construction (在建设中)等。
The great building is under construction(＝is being constructed).
(2)“beyond＋名词”结构，表示“出乎……；胜过……(范围/限度)”。常见的有：beyond belief(难以置信的), beyond one’s reach(鞭长莫及), beyond one’s control(无法控制的), beyond hope(毫无希望)等。
The rumour is beyond belief(＝can’t be believed).
(3)“above＋名词”结构， 表示“(品质、行为、能力等)超过……；高于……”。
His honest character is above all praise.
＝His honest character cannot be praised enough.
(4)“for＋名词”结构，表示 “适于……；为着……”。如：for sale(出售), for rent(出租)等。
That house is for sale.(＝That house is to be sold.)
(5)“in＋名词”结构，表示“在……的过程中或范围内”。常见的有：in print(在印刷中), in sight(在视野内；可以看见的)等。
The book is not yet in print(＝is not yet printed).
(6)“on＋名词”结构， 表示“在从事……中”。常见的有：on sale(出售), on show(展出), on trial(受审)等。
Today some treasures are on show in the museum(＝are being showed).
(7)“out of＋名词”结构，表示“超出…… 之外”。类似的有：out of control(控制不了), out of sight(超出视线之外), out of one’s reach(够不着), out of fashion(不流行)等。
The plane was out of control(＝can’t be controlled).
9．被动语态与系表结构的区别。
当“be＋过去分词”用作被动语态时，表示主语承受的动作；但用作系表结构时，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：
(1)如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导动作的执行者，该句一般为被动语态，否则为系表结构。
The glass is broken.(系表结构)
The glass was broken by the boy.(被动语态)
(2)如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语，一般为被动语态。
The door is locked.(系表结构)
The door has already/just been locked.(被动语态)
(3)被动语态可用于各种时态，而系表结构中的系动词be通常只有一般时态和完成时态。
The machine is being repaired.
□针对练习
Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确时态和语态完成句子
1．That traditional play ________________ (put) on again sometime next month.
2．Planes, cars and trains ______________(use) by business people for travelling.
3．A beautiful horse _______________ (draw) by John the other day.
【答案】1.will be put　2.are used　3.was drawn　
4．The book __________________(print) now and will come out soon.
5．－What happened to Mary
－We don’t know.She ________________(not see) around here these days.
【答案】4.is being　printed　5.hasn’t been seen 　
6．The new dictionaries are very useful.They ________(sell) well and________________(sell out) already.
7．－We want to sit at the table near the window.
－I’m sorry, but it ________________(reserve) already.
【答案】6.sell；have been sold out　7.has been reserved　
8．Last Sunday I ________________(catch) in the heavy rain on my way to the cinema.
9．His name ________________(take) off the list before he knew it.
10．I had a strange feeling that I ________________(watch) at the time.
【答案】8.was caught　9.had been taken　
10.was being watched
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．If it hadn’t been for the PLA soldier, the boy __________ (drown) in the river yesterday.
2．It ________________(say) that another bridge will be built over the river.
【答案】1.would have been drowned　2.is said
3．All kinds of trees ____________(plant) on the hill every spring so as to make the hill beautiful.
4．Good care must________________(take) of the children in our school.
5．Have you checked all the machines ______________(send) to Xizang next month
【答案】3．are planted　4.be taken　5.to be sent
6．For three hours we waited for the decision, only _____(tell) to come again the next day.
7．The building ____________(build) in our school these days is for our teachers.It’s to be completed by the end of next year.
8．He is said _____________(treat) badly in the supermarket when he was doing his shopping yesterday.
【答案】6．to be told　7.being built　8.to have been treated　
9．A big cat was seen ________(steal) into the house from the window just now.
10．A girl is heard ________(sing) in the next room at this time.
11．The boy was caught ________(cheat) in the examination last week.
【答案】9.to steal　10.singing　11.cheating
12．I really hate ______________(call) a fool, especially in public.
13．It ________(report) that another new school will be set up in our city.
14．This kind of clothes ________(wash) easily.
【答案】12．being called　13.is reported　14.washes
15．A big fire ________(break) out in that factory last night.
16．The wall looks old and it needs _____________________ (paint).
17．The president has a report ____________(type).He will need it tomorrow.
【答案】15．broke　16.to be painted/painting　
17．to be typed
18．Your car is still ________ repair.And it will be ready in fifteen minutes.
19．The film is really worth __________(see).
20．This novel is worthy of __________(read) a second time.
【答案】18.under　19.seeing　20．being read
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Henry told me that he had made an ________(appoint) with his doctor the next day.
2．Jackson shut the door and went out ________ a hurry to the hospital.
3．Our English teacher is more like a friend ________ a teacher to me.
【答案】1.appointment　2.in　3.than
4．The new research is the first ________(show) how sleep works its memory magic.
5．When ________ comes to our hobbies, I take a special interest in playing the piano.
6．The lawyer made several ________(declare) during the trial.
7．The jury(陪审团) found the suspect ________(guilt) of the crime.
【答案】4.to show　5.it　6.declarations　7.guilty　
8．They have a ________(week) meeting to discuss project updates.
9．The employee was ________(dismiss) for violating company policy.
10．He struggled with the ________(calculate) in his maths homework.
【答案】8.weekly　9.dismissed　10.calculation
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Li Lei ________________________ one of the top three students in his class.
李雷被认为是他班上的前三名学生之一。
2．The striking advertisement _______________________．
这个惊人的广告吸引了路人的注意力。
【答案】1．is regarded as　2．attracts the passers-by’s attention　
3．The old man does a lot of reading _________________， though he is in his seventies now.
这位老人每天大量阅读，尽管他现在七十多岁了。
4．These passengers seemed not to ____________________ the danger.
这些乘客似乎没有意识到这个危险。
【答案】3．on a daily basis　4．be aware of　
5．But some of these poems ________________________ multiple versions, spread widely in the whole world.
但是这些诗歌中的一些被改编成多个版本，在全世界流传甚广。
6．I’m pleased to ______________________．
给我这次机会我很高兴。
【答案】5．were adapted into　
6．have been given this opportunity
7．They are living with their parents for the moment because ____________________．
他们现在和其父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房子正在被重建。
8．____________________________，the naughty boy made the same mistake again.
被告诉好几遍了，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同样的错误。
【答案】7．their own house is being rebuilt
8．Having been told many times
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Artificial intelligence(AI) models have long surpassed just creating text responses and images.Now, with only one sentence, OpenAI’s latest text-to-video model, Sora, can turn your words into a video with good visual quality while faithfully following your content instructions.
Sora is said to be superior to many other existing models with similar functions.The AI model can create videos at suitable aspect ratios(屏幕高宽比) for different devices.It also lets users quickly test out content of lower quality before making the high-quality version, which helps speed up output according to the user’s requests.
Aside from these, its ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner is astonishing.Sora can create detailed scenes with several characters, specific types of motion, and accurate subjects and background details.Beyond the user’s requests, it also understands how these elements exist in the real world.For example, reflections in the water change as a woman walks by.
Sora’s amazing performance wouldn’t be possible without its helpful assistant, ChatGPT, which transforms simple sentences into detailed descriptions, improving the accuracy of output.
However, the current model isn’t perfect.It may have trouble accurately showing how things move in a complicated scene and might not get how one action leads to another.For example, if someone eats part of a cookie in a Sora-made video, the cookie might not look like it’s been bitten into.The model might mix up directions and find it hard to describe events in the right order.One possible reason is that Sora learns each basic unit of a video, known as a space–time patch(时空补丁), independently.
Sora is still in the testing stage of development.OpenAI is now inviting network security professionals to make random attacks on Sora’s system, aiming to test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks.Sora has also been open to some visual artists, designers and filmmakers.Their feedback will assist OpenAI in enhancing the model to better serve creative professionals.
(　　)1．What is the main focus of paragraphs 2 and 3
A．Sora’s development.
B．Sora’s diversity.
C．Sora’s capabilities.
D．Sora’s popularity.
(　　)2．Why does the author provide the example in Paragraph 5
A．To highlight Sora’s potential safety risks.
B．To illustrate Sora’s existing limitations.
C．To showcase Sora’s perfect performance.
D．To explain the concept of a space–time patch.
(　　)3．What can we know about the present Sora
A．It has been made available to various industries.
B．Its commercial release has been called off.
C．It has exposed alarming security issues.
D．It is undergoing testing and improvement.
(　　)4．What’s the best title for the text
A．Sora：Lead the Way in Creating Videos
B．Sora：Surpass Existing ChatGPT
C．Sora：Generate a Rich Variety of Videos
D．Sora：A Perfect Text-to-video AI Model
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最新的人工智能模型Sora。它可以将文字转换为视觉质量良好的视频，同时忠实地遵循内容说明。文章还介绍了这个模型的局限性。
1．C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“similar functions”“create videos at suitable aspect ratios(屏幕高宽比) for different devices”“lets users quickly test out content of lower quality”“speed up output according to the user’s requests”以及第三段中的 “ability to present videos in a realistic and smooth manner”“create detailed scenes”“understands how these elements exist in the real world”可知，这两段主要介绍了Sora的能力。故选C项。
2．B　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“However, the current model isn’t perfect.”可知，目前的模型并不完美。由此可推断，作者下文列举吃曲奇饼的例子是为了说明Sora现存的局限性。故选B项。
3．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Sora is still in the testing stage of development…test the model’s possible weaknesses and risks…enhancing the model”可知，Sora目前还处于测试和改进阶段，需要找到存在的弱点和风险，然后改进。故选D项。
4．A　标题归纳题。文章第一、二、三段主要介绍了文本转视频模型 Sora的出现及优势，第四段介绍了ChatGPT对Sora的辅助作用，第五段介绍了 Sora的局限性，第六段说明了 Sora目前还处于测试和改进阶段。结合四个选项可知，A项“Sora：引领视频创作”最符合文章主旨，突出了Sora在视频创作方面的优势及发展前景。故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
In today’s hyper–connected world, most of us are flooded by an ocean of messages and social media feeds, from the moment we wake up to the instant we close our eyes.It’s not just a matter of convenience or novelty anymore — fixation on screens has become our habit, a necessity, and even an addiction.__1__ Constant engagement not only consumes our time, but also steal us something far more important: peace of mind.
Silence is as critical to mental health as vitamins are to physical well–being.People are particular about what foods they put in their bodies: whether organic, vegetarian, or fat–free.__2__ The mental junk we absorb daily can be arguably harmful than the occasional cheeseburger or donut.The never–ending flood of sensory input taxes the brain’s limited attention resources, leaving little room for deep thinking, reflecting, or creativity.
__3__ Quiet time helps the brain relax, sort through what it has taken in, and regain lost mental energy.As American artist Leonard Koren suggests in his book Wabi-Sabi, silence can be “an emptiness full of possibilities”， a space where creativity and clarity emerge.
Adding moments of quiet to your daily routine doesn’t require dramatic changes.__4__ Better yet, research shows that brief exposure to nature, like a walk in the woods, lowers stress levels, reduces blood pressure, and sharpens focus.These benefits occur because green spaces and natural soundscapes provide a much–needed break from today’s busy, stressful world.
Digital life crowds out silence, making simply sitting in silence almost unthinkable — yet the very moments of stillness are what our minds really need.They let us listen to our thoughts, reflect on our experiences, and connect with ourselves in a way that is impossible in the noise of modern life.__5__
A．But rarely do we ask ourselves: at what cost
B．So, shouldn’t we make laws requiring quiet time every day
C．It can be as simple as pausing 30 seconds to watch clouds.
D．Next time you reach for your phone, resist the urge and sit in silence.
E．We check our phone 58 times a day, 30%occurring during work hours.
F．But they aren’t as picky about what they are exposed to through the senses.
G．Just as our bodies need nutrition, our minds require silence to function well.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在当今数字化高度互联的世界中，人们被大量信息和社交媒体所淹没，对屏幕的沉迷已成为习惯甚至上瘾，而安静时间对心理健康至关重要。文章还呼吁人们重视并增加日常生活中的安静时刻。
1．A　上文“It’s not just a matter of convenience or novelty anymore — fixation on screens has become our habit, a necessity, and even an addiction.”说明人们对屏幕的沉迷情况。空格处应承接上文，进一步说明这种沉迷的具体表现。A项“但我们很少问自己：这要付出什么代价呢？”符合语境，引出下文对沉迷屏幕代价的阐述。故选A项。
2．F　上文“People are particular about what foods they put in their bodies: whether organic, vegetarian, or fat–free.”说明人们对食物的挑剔。空格处应承接上文。F项“但他们对通过感官接触到的东西却没有那么挑剔。”符合语境。故选F项。
3．G　下文“Quiet time helps the brain relax, sort through what it has taken in, and regain lost mental energy.”说明安静时间对大脑的好处。空格处位于段首，应总起该段。G项“就像我们的身体需要营养一样，我们的大脑也需要安静才能正常运转。”符合语境，将大脑对安静的需求与身体对营养的需求作类比。故选G项。
4．C　上文“Adding moments of quiet to your daily routine doesn’t require dramatic changes.”说明增加安静时刻不需要大的改变。空格处应承接上文，举例说明可以通过简单的方式增加安静时刻。C项“它可以像暂停30秒看云一样简单。”符合语境。故选C项。
5．D　上文“They let us listen to our thoughts, reflect on our experiences, and connect with ourselves in a way that is impossible in the noise of modern life.”说明安静时刻的好处。空格处应承接上文。D项“下次你伸手拿手机的时候，抵制这种冲动，静静地坐着。”符合语境。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
The year 2021 saw the 193rd birthday of Jules Verne, the famed French poet, novelist, and playwright known 1._______ the “Father of Science Fiction”．
One of Verne’s lesser–known works from 1905, The Lighthouse at the End of the World, 2.________(adapt) carefully for the first time into a five–issue comic book miniseries(迷你剧) in April.
3.________(plan) by the experienced creative team of Brian Haberlin and David Hine, Jules Verne’s：Lighthouse gets a sci-fi twist(曲折) and casts 4.________(reader) onto the high seas of outer space for a swashbuckling(惊心动魄的) adventure.
Here’s the official 5.________(introduce): Jules Verne’s：Lighthouse is set at the edge of the Galaxy, 6._______ a giant supercomputer known as the Lighthouse exists：the brain powerful enough 7.________(guide) ships through a large area of naturally occurring wormholes,
8.________(potential) cutting months or even years off a spaceship’s journey time.Three humans, one alien, and a nanny robot have manned the remote station for years in relative peace until the arrival of Captain Kongre and his band of cruel pirates threatens the future of civilisation and 9.________(reveal) that each of the Lighthouse crew has been hiding 10._______ stunning secret: he who controls the Lighthouse controls this part of the Galaxy.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“科幻小说之父”Jules Verne的小说《世界尽头的灯塔》于2021年4月首次被精心改编成一部五集的漫画迷你剧。
1．as　考查介词。句意：2021年是被誉为“科幻小说之父”的法国著名诗人、小说家和剧作家Jules Verne诞辰193周年。此处考查固定短语be known as…意为“被誉为……”。故填as。
2．was adapted　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：Verne 1905年创作的一部不太为人所知的作品《世界尽头的灯塔》于4月首次被精心改编成一部五集的漫画迷你剧。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，主语“One of Verne’s lesser-known works”为单数概念且与adapt构成被动关系，故用被动语态；根据空格后的“in April”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填was adapted。
3．Planned　考查动词的–ed形式。句意：Jules Verne’s：Lighthouse由Brian Haberlin和David Hine组成的经验丰富的创意团队策划，带有科幻色彩，将读者带到外太空的公海，进行一场惊心动魄的冒险。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语gets和casts，此处应用非谓语动词。plan与句子主语“Jules Verne’s：Lighthouse”构成被动关系，故用动词的-ed形式作状语，注意句首单词首字母要大写。故填Planned。
4．readers　考查名词的数。句意：同上题。reader为可数名词，结合语境可知，这里指众多的读者，应用复数形式。故填readers。
5．introduction　考查名词。句意：官方介绍是这样的——Jules Verne’s：Lighthouse的故事发生在银河系的边缘，那里有一台名为“灯塔”的巨型超级计算机，它是强大到足以引导飞船穿越大面积自然存在的虫洞的电脑，可能会把飞船的旅程缩短几个月甚至几年。空格处是Here置于句首的倒装句的主语，根据Here’s可知，此处应用单数名词。故填introduction。
6．where　考查定语从句。句意：同上题。空格处前面为表示地点的名词“the edge of the Galaxy”，空格后面的内容缺少地点状语，故推测空格处引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词“the edge of the Galaxy”。故填where。
7．to guide　考查不定式。句意：同第5题。此处考查固定搭配adj.＋enough to do sth意为“足够……以做某事”。故填to guide。
8．potentially　考查副词。句意：同第5题。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰动词cutting应用副词potentially，意为“可能地”。故填potentially。
9．reveals　考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：三个人、一个外星人和一个保姆机器人多年来在相对和平的情况下控制着这个遥远的空间站，直到Kongre船长和他那群残忍的海盗的到来威胁到文明的未来，并揭示灯塔的每个工作人员都隐藏着一个令人震惊的秘密——控制灯塔的人控制着银河系的这一部分。until引导的时间状语从句中有and连接的两个并列谓语，根据threatens可知，空格处也应为一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填reveals。
10．a　考查冠词。句意：同上题。短语a stunning secret意为“一个令人震惊的秘密”。secret意为“秘密”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且stunning的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。(共105张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
阅读科幻小说，了解科幻小说及西方文学艺术，并掌握一些与科技相关的词汇。
复习并掌握被动语态，并能在写作中正确使用被动语态。
学习科幻小说的写作，并尝试写一篇短篇科幻故事。
口语方面，学会如何转换话题。
运用所学知识，写一篇关于美术展览的海报。
听一则有关科幻故事的对话，提升听力水平。
【素养提升】
阅读科幻小说，了解西方文学，学会欣赏英语科幻故事。
通过科幻小说的阅读，培养学生热爱科学的文化素养，建立从小立志探索科学奥秘的献身精神。
听、说关于机器人及人工智能的话题。
尝试写一篇短小的科幻故事。
探索科学与科幻之间的关系。
Period One　Reading and Thinking
课前自主预习
A．小说；虚构的事
B．意外收获；奖金；红利
C．诚实正直；完整；完好
D．庄重；庄严；尊严
E．薪水；薪金
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．How much salary does the job pay？(　　)
2．It’s difficult to preserve your dignity when you have no job and no home.(　　)
3．I have always regarded him as a man of integrity.(　　)
4．Sometimes, it also refers to the money of bonus.(　　)
5．I read everything from fiction to history.(　　)
【答案】1.E　2.D　3.C　4.B　5.A
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．dignity n．庄重；庄严；尊严→____________ v．使有尊严；使高贵；使显得堂皇(参考：beauty→beautify)
2．appoint v．任命；委任；安排→ ____________n．预约；约会；委任(参考：manage→management)
【答案】1.dignify　2.appointment　
3．guilt n．内疚；悔恨；犯罪→ ____________adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的(参考：mood→moody)
4．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→ ____________n．公告；宣告(参考：congratulate→congratulation)
5．dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除→_______ n．解雇；免职；开除(参考：withdraw→withdrawal)
【答案】3.guilty　4.declaration　5.dismissal
Ⅲ.猜短语填空
test out; more like; or rather; make an appointment; be rude to…
1．His work is to check out new designs of cars before they are put on the market.
＝His work is to____________ new designs of cars before they are put on the market.
2．Can I appoint to see the manager
＝Can I ______________________ to see the manager
【答案】1.test out　2.make an appointment　
3．She behaves towards me friendlier than a mother.
＝She behaves towards me ________________ a friend than a mother.
4．The building is like a palace，to be more exact a temple.
＝The building is like a palace，__________ a temple.
5．I find it astonishing that he should be impolite to you.
＝I find it astonishing that he should ______________ you.
【答案】3.more like　4.or rather　5.be rude to
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ.阅读课文，匹配主旨大意
段落 主旨大意
1．Para.1 2．Para.2 3．Para.3 4．Para.4 5．Para.5 6．Para.6 7．Para.7 8．Para.8 9．Para.9 A．Claire first saw the robot Tony.
B．Tony made Claire feel embarrassed.
C．Tony promised and prepared to help Claire.
D．Claire was going to test out a household robot.
E．Claire began to trust Tony.
F．Tony caught Claire when she fell off a ladder.
G．Tony declared that he wanted to stay with her.
H．Tony helped Claire in improving herself and her house.
I．Tony suggested inviting Gladys and her friends to the house.
【答案】1－5　DABEC　6－9　HIFG
Ⅱ.阅读课文，选择正确选项
(　　)1.What’s Claire’s duty in the experiment
A．To test out the machine.
B．To find the mistake with it.
C．To stay with the machine.
D．To make a family with the machine.
【答案】A
(　　)2.What does the word “alarmed” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Excited.　 B．Disappointed.
C．Surprised.　 D．Frightened.
(　　)3.When Tony offered his help, Claire felt ________．
A．uncomfortable　　　 B．pleased
C．moved　　　 D．interested
【答案】2－3　DA
(　　)4.What can we infer about the books that Claire borrowed from the library
A．They were written for robots, not for human beings.
B．They were related to makeup and house improvements.
C．They were written by scientists who designed the robot.
D．They were about how to get along with human beings.
【答案】B
(　　)5.What can we infer from this text
A．Tony had a fight with Larry.
B．The party was put off until the next day.
C．Claffern didn’t turn up at the party.
D．Tony fell in love with Claire.
【答案】D
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
A household robot called Tony was to be tested out in Larry’s house.Though Claire, Larry’s wife, didn’t like 1.________ idea in the beginning, she was persuaded to let the robot 2._____(company) her while her husband was away on a business trip.The robot looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth hair.
【答案】1.the　2.accompany　
Though his facial 3.________(express) never changed, the robot was 4.________(gift) with a charming deep voice.At the sight of Tony, Claire felt alarmed because he seemed 5.________(much) like a human than a machine.So when Tony offered to help her get dressed, Claire felt more than embarrassed.
【答案】3.expression　4.gifted　5.more　
However, Tony gradually won Claire’s trust.He took good care of Claire and even managed to rescue her 6.________ she fell off the ladder.He also helped Claire realise her dream by 7.________(make) her home more elegant, giving her a new haircut and improving her makeup.
【答案】6.when　7.making
He advised her to throw a party and expected all the guests who 8.________(invite) would be filled with admiration when they saw her house was 9.________(complete) transformed.And Tony said he was so attached 10.________ her that he was unwilling to leave her.
【答案】8.were invited　9.completely　10.to
课堂新知讲练
1．test out检验；测试
(P2)It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire.
【翻译】它将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来测试。
◇词汇拓讲
(1) test on … 在……(身上)做试验
test sb/sth (for…)　
(为……而)测验/考查/试验/检查/化验某人/物
(2)put…to the test 使……经受考验；检验；试验
stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验
pass/fail a test 通过/没有通过测验
【用法详解】
They opened a single store in Europe to test out the market.
他们在欧洲开了一家商店，检验一下市场情况。
The team are now putting their theory to the test.
该团队正在检验他们的理论。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)________(test) the effect of social influence on eating habits, they conducted two experiments.
(2)The professor invited some university students to test ________the computer programme for any bugs.
(3)It may be five or six years before the new medicine is tested ________ human beings.
【答案】(1)To test　(2)out　(3)on
完成句子
(4)The new system __________________ by several engineers to see if it works well.
几个工程师正在测试新系统，看看它是否运行良好。
【答案】(4)is being tested out
(5)Our friendship ____________________________ for we’ve been friends for more than 20 years.
我们的友谊已经经受住了时间的考验，因为我们是20多年的朋友了。
【答案】(5)has stood the test of time
2．appointment n．预约；约会；委任
(P2)She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop.
【翻译】她约好了去涂指甲，然后走进一家高档服装店。
(1)make/have an appointment (with sb)(与某人)约会/预约
break an appointment违约
keep an appointment准时赴约
by appointment通过预约的方式
【用法详解】
(2)appoint v. 任命；委任；安排
appoint sb as/to be… 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
appoint sb to＋某单位/职位
任命某人去某地任职/担任某个职务
(3)appointed adj.约定的；指定的
She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.
她为她的儿子预约了看医生。
They appointed him (as) captain of the English team.
他们任命他为英格兰队队长。
A young man was appointed to carry out the task.
一位年轻人被委派去完成这个任务。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Mr Li has been appointed ________(be) the new president of this university.
(2)His ________(appoint) as the new director will be made known tomorrow.
【答案】(1)to be　(2)appointment　
(3)My uncle will be appointed ________ that police station next month.
(4)I’m coming here________appointment to collect my salary and bonus.
【答案】(3)to　(4)by
3．guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
(P2)Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty.
【翻译】虽然完全无辜，克莱尔还是感到内疚。
(1)be guilty of… 犯有……罪
be/feel guilty about… 对/为……感到内疚/有愧
(2)guilt n. 内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行
a sense of guilt 负罪感；内疚感
【用法详解】
Many survivors were left with a sense of guilt.
许多幸存者都有内疚感。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)I was eleven years old, and I was feeling a strange _______ ________．
我那时才11岁，却有一种奇怪的愧疚感。
【答案】(1)sense of guilt　
(2)After a dead silence, ________________________．Tom murmured that he would never make fun of Mr Hope.(读后续写之心理描写)
在一阵死寂后，内疚的泪水涌上他们的眼眶。汤姆喃喃自语道，他再也不会取笑霍普先生了。
【答案】(2)tears of guilt welled up in their eyes
(3)Stunned and moved, I stared at the note, _____________my previous thought that all people were indifferent.(读后续写之心理描写)
我目瞪口呆，感动不已，盯着那张纸条，对我先前认为所有人都漠不关心的想法感到内疚。
【答案】(3)feeling guilty about
4．dismiss vt.让(某人)离开； 解散； 解雇；消除
(P3)The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.
【翻译】客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。
(1)dismiss…from 将(某人)从……开除；解雇；使退去
dismiss sth as… 认为某事……而不予考虑
dismiss sb for… 因……而解雇/开除某人
be dismissed from one’s post (某人)被免职
(2)dismissal n. 解雇；不予考虑
【用法详解】
It was not easy to dismiss the matter from his mind.
让他不把这件事放在心上很难。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)He dismissed the story ________ a rumour.
(2)The two workers are dismissed ____________________the factory by the same token.
【答案】(1)as　(2)from　
完成句子
(3)The cleaner ____________________ lazy and dishonest.
这个清洁工因懒惰和不诚实而被解雇了。
(4)Joe claims he was unfairly ____________________.
乔声称自己被无理免职。
【答案】(3)was dismissed for being　(4)dismissed from his post
5．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布
(P3)She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.
【翻译】她听见他说，第二天他不想离开她，而且他心里的愿望不只是让她开心而已。
(1)declare war on… 向……宣战
declare for/against… 声明支持/反对……
declare sb/sth to be 宣布某人/某事为……
declare oneself 表明态度；发表意见
declare that… 声称/宣判……
declare…open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
(2)declaration n．宣告；公告；宣布
【用法详解】
Our government declared for this plan.
我们的政府声明支持这项计划。
The defendant declared that he was not guilty.
被告声称他无罪。
She declared herself extremely hurt by his lack of support.
她说她自己非常伤心，因为没有得到他的支持。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Do you know when Britain declared war ________ Germany during the Second World War
(2)It’s likely that he will declare ________ the proposal because he thinks it will damage his interests.
【答案】(1)on　(2)against　
完成句子
(3)The instant the ceremony ____________________， all the students in our school burst into cheers.
仪式一宣布开始，我校全体学生就欢呼起来。
(4)Soon they will______________ the leader of the company.
很快，他们就会宣布她为公司的领导人。
【答案】(3)was declared open　(4)declare her to be
1．(P3)Tony told her she was being sensitive and was just as good as Gladys.
【翻译】托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她就像格拉迪丝一样好。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“was being sensitive”为“be＋being＋adj.”结构，强调某人在某个时刻或时候的状况，而不是指这个人一直都是这样的。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
“be＋being＋adj.”结构常用于陈述句，表示被陈述对象一时的反常举止或行为以及说话人的惊讶、不满、责备、讽刺等情绪。
Is he being funny
他是在故意开玩笑吗？
The children are being quiet.I wonder what they’re up to.
孩子们竟这样安静，我不知道他们又要捣什么鬼。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)He must be wondering why everyone_______________.
他一定正在纳闷，为什么大家都对他如此粗鲁。
(2)Reg ________________ all of a sudden. What’s his game
雷格突然变得非常和蔼可亲。他在耍什么花招？
【答案】(1)is being so rude to him　(2)is being very nice
2．(P3) She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.
【翻译】她听见他说，第二天他不想离开她，而且他心里的愿望不只是让她开心而已。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“more than”后面接的是名词“the desire”，这时，more than 意为“不只是”。
【归纳拓展】
more than的本意为“超过”，也常常翻译成“与其说……倒不如说……”。它有如下变形和搭配：
(1)more than＋数词或从句，意为“超过……”。
(2)more than＋形容词，意为“非常……”。
(3)more than＋名词，意为“不只是……；不仅是……”。
(4)no more than＋数词，意为“只不过……；仅仅……”。
(5)not more than＋数词，意为“不超过……；至多……”。
(6)more＋形容词/名词＋than＋形容词/名词，意为“与其说……不如说……”。
John is more diligent than clever.
与其说约翰聪明，不如说他勤奋。
The secret is more than we can let out.
这个秘密我们是不能泄露的。
There is room for no more than three cars.
这地方只能停放三辆汽车。
She was more sad than angry when her son lied.
当她的儿子撒谎时，与其说她生气，倒不如说她伤心。
This main avenue was not more than eight or ten feet wide.
这条主道的宽度不过八到十英尺。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)She was ________________(worried) than annoyed when her children didn’t come on time.
(2)According to the recent report, more than one worker ________________(lose) their lives during the explosion.
(3)While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions ______mere tools.
【答案】(1)more worried　(2)has lost　(3)than
3．(P3)A human being’s facial expression changes often, whereas Tony’s never changes.
【翻译】人的面部表情经常改变，但托尼的表情从不变化。
【句式剖析】
本句中的whereas是连词，连接两个并列句，表示对比或比较，意为“但是；然而；尽管”。
【归纳拓展】
(1)whereas用作并列连词，放在两个并列句的中间。这时，whereas的前面通常用逗号同前面的句子分开。
(2)whereas也可用作从属连词，这时，其后接一个状语从句，相当于although/though。
They want a house, whereas we would rather live in a flat.
他们想要一幢房子，而我们宁愿住在一套公寓里。
I was blind, whereas I can see now.
我过去双目失明，现在则重见光明。
He earns ￡8,000 a year, whereas his wife gets at least ￡20,000.
他一年挣8 000英镑，而他的妻子至少可获20 000英镑。
His children are well bred, whereas those of his elder sister are quite naughty.
他的孩子们很有教养，但他姐姐的孩子们却相当调皮。
Benefits are linked to inflation, whereas they should be linked to the cost of living.
救济金与通货膨胀联系了起来，而它们应该与生活费用挂钩。
(3)while用作并列连词，也可以表示对比或比较，但其前不可用逗号。
(4)but意为“但是”，但表示的是一种转折关系，而不是对比或比较。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Some people praised him, ______________________(然而有些人却责备他).
(2)_____________(虽然他很富有), his brother is very poor.
【答案】(1)whereas others scolded him
(2)Whereas he is rich
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She bore herself with ______(尊严) throughout the funeral.
2．He has made an ________(约会) to go to the movie this evening with his best friend.
【答案】1.dignity　2.appointment　
3．The woman felt very ________(内疚的) to see her son hurt due to her carelessness.
4．Production has been ________(暂停) while safety checks are being carried out in this factory.
5．The governor is said to have agreed to reinstate five senior workers who were ________(解雇).
【答案】3.guilty　4.suspended　5.dismissed
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Actually, you needn’t have felt ________(guilt) about taking pleasure in life.
2．The opening speeches sounded more like _______(declare) of war than offerings of peace.
【答案】1.guilty　2.declaration(s)　
3．His mother was ill, and to make matters worse, he himself was dismissed ________ his post ________ frequent absences.
4．Suffering from the severe headache, Kate cancelled her conference in the afternoon and made an ________(appoint) with a doctor.
【答案】3.from；for　4.appointment　
5．In addition to desperate poverty and strong winds blowing dust everywhere, the locals had to live in the extremely hot climate with ________(ridiculous) huge crowds.
6．In view of the present crisis, it is absurd _______(imagine) that the recovery will be quick and easy.
【答案】5.ridiculously　6.to imagine　
7．The look on his face suggested he ________(be) unhappy, so I suggested he ________(go) camping with us.
8．The police officer ________(suspend) while the complaint was investigated.
【答案】7.was; go　8.was suspended
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Social robots are much ________________ companions ________ tools.
社交机器人更像是同伴，而不是工具。
2．He turned around and saw _________________________ under the tree.
他转过身，看到树下站着一个陌生人。
【答案】1.more like；than　2.there stood a stranger　
3．They said goodbye, not knowing that they _____________ ____________ again.
他们告了别，不知道他们再也不会见面了。
【答案】3.were never/not to meet
4．With the global warming becoming worse and worse, masses of phenomena not in line with the concept of low carbon ______________________________________．
随着全球变暖日益加剧，大量不符合低碳理念的现象正在被人们发现。
【答案】4.are being spotted/sighted/found by people
提升练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A team of engineers has invented a new type of tiny, self–driven robots that can travel through liquid at incredible speeds and may one day even deliver drugs to hard-to-reach places like bladder(膀胱) inside the human body.
The new study shows this research is a big step forward for tiny robots.The microrobots are really small.Each one measures only 20 micrometres wide, several times smaller than the width of a human hair.They’re also really fast，capable of travelling at speeds of about 3 millimetres per second, or roughly 9,000 times their own length per minute.The machines look a bit like small rockets and come complete with three tiny wings.
The team makes its microrobots out of materials by using a technology similar to 3D printing.Each of the robots carries a small bubble(泡泡) of trapped air.If you expose the machines to sound，the bubbles will begin to shake wildly，pushing water away and shooting the robots forward.
“Imagine if microrobots could perform certain tasks in the body，such as surgeries without cutting into the body,” said Jin Lee, lead author of the study,“We can simply introduce the robots to the body through a pill or an injection，and they would perform the procedure themselves.If that sounds like something copied from science fiction，that’s because it is.” He imagined that，just like in the movie，microrobots could move through a person’s blood stream，seeking out targeted areas.
“Once there，the machines slowly released their medicine over the course of about two days.Such a steady flow of medicine could improve the outcome for patients,” Lee added.“But there is a lot of work to do before microrobots can travel through real human bodies.”
For a start，the group wants to make the machines fully biodegradable so that they would eventually disappear in the body，causing no damage at all.“If we can make them work in the bladder,” Lee said, “maybe patients wouldn’t have to come into the clinic as often.”
(　　)1.What is an advantage of the invention
A．The small size.
B．The rocket-like shape.
C．The big bubble.
D．The 3D-printed material.
(　　)2.What can we infer from Lee’s words about the robots in Paragraph 3
A．They cure bladder diseases.
B．They help to give patients pills.
C．They are inspired from science fiction.
D．They have performed tasks in human bodies.
(　　)3.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “biodegradable” in Paragraph 4
A．Efficient.　 B．Resolvable.
C．Recyclable.　 D．Sensitive.
(　　)4.What is the purpose of the text
A．To introduce a healthcare robot.
B．To advertise a medical machine.
C．To arouse interest in developing robots.
D．To raise concern about bladder diseases.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工程师发明了一种新型的微型自驱动机器人。
1．A　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，工程师发明了新型的微型机器人，这项发明的优势在于其尺寸小，未来可将药物送到人体里。故选A项。
2．C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“If that sounds like something copied from science fiction，that’s because it is.”可推知，机器人是受到科幻小说的激发而成的。故选C项。
3．B　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“For a start，the group wants to make the machines fully biodegradable so that they would eventually disappear in the body，causing no damage at all.”可知，研究者希望这些机器能够消失在体内，由此可推测出，他们想要这种机器能够在体内完全降解。因此画线词意为“可分解的，可溶解的”，与resolvable最为接近。故选B项。
4．A　写作目的题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段内容可知，本文的目的主要是介绍一款医疗机器人。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Frank Herbert’s 1965 novel Dune is widely considered one of the best sci–fi books ever written. It is also one of the first to take environmental concerns __1__．
“It’s really calling attention to the __2__ to think ecologically,” says Gerry Canavan, co-editor of the history of science fiction. “Prior to that moment, people just weren’t thinking in that way.”
Herbert __3__ to find a publisher for Dune, facing 23 rejections before it was finally __4__ by Chilton Book Company. As the book gained __5__ — winning two most prestigious (有声望的) prizes in science fiction and eventually selling around 20 million __6__ in total — it began to affect pop culture.
Dune__7__the environmental movement, which Herbert largely embraced. “I’m __8__ to be put in the position of telling my grandchildren ’Sorry, no more world for you. We have __9__ all the resources，’” Herbert said at the first Earth Day in 1970.
Herbert was one of the earliest to __10__ renewable energy, installing(安装) his own solar collector and windmill. He believed that understanding the __11__ of human actions could reduce environmental damage.
The __12__ for Dune came from Herbert’s visit to Oregon’s sand dunes in 1957, where he __13__ efforts to stabilise the landscape from local people. His novel serves as a cautionary tale about humanity’s relationship with the environment and the disastrous effects of __14__ resource exploitation(开发). Dune challenges readers to consider the impact of their actions on the planet and serves as a __15__ of the importance of sustainable living.
(　　)1.A．personally　 B．literally
C．seriously　 D．equally
(　　)2.A．necessity　 B．attempt
C．agreement　 D．freedom
(　　)3.A．happened　 B．struggled
C．chosen　 D．hesitated
(　　)4.A．dismissed　 B．accepted
C．recommended　 D．purchased
(　　)5.A．permission　 B．control
C．trust　 D．popularity
(　　)6.A．countries　 B．versions
C．notices　 D．copies
(　　)7.A．challenged　 B．pushed
C．skipped　 D．simplified
(　　)8.A．unwilling　 B．unfortunate
C．unsuitable　 D．unlikely
(　　)9.A．picked up　 B．given up
C．used up　 D．piled up
(　　)10.A．advocate　 B．assign
C．investigate　 D．deliver
(　　)11.A．similarity　 B．consequences
C．flexibility　 D．strengths
(　　)12.A．support　 B．proposal
C．inspiration　 D．desire
(　　)13.A．witnessed　 B．spared
C．confirmed　 D．graded
(　　)14.A．limited　 B．balanced
C．unchecked　 D．unchanged
(　　)15.A．review　 B．symbol
C．victim　 D．reminder
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Frank Herbert发表小说《沙丘》的经历及这部小说对于生态保护的意义。
1．C　考查副词辨析。句意：它也是首批认真对待环境问题的小说之一。根据下文“It’s really calling attention to the __2__ to think ecologically…”可知，Frank Herbert在他的小说《沙丘》中提到了认真严肃对待环境的问题。故选C项。
2．A　考查名词辨析。句意：科幻史的联合主编Gerry Canavan说：“这确实唤起了人们对生态化思考必要性的注意。”根据下文“Prior to that moment, people just weren’t thinking in that way.”可知，之前，人们并没有生态保护意识，所以，这本小说确实唤起人们对于生态化思考必要性的注意。故选A项。
3．B　考查动词辨析。句意：Herbert努力为《沙丘》寻找出版商，在最终被Chilton图书公司接受之前，他面临了23次拒绝。根据空格后的“… facing 23 rejections before it was finally”可知，Herbert努力为《沙丘》寻找出版商。故选B项。
4．B　考查动词辨析。句意：同上题。根据“… facing 23 rejections before it was finally __4__ by Chilton Book Company.”可知，在最终被Chilton图书公司接受之前，他的小说被拒绝了很多次。故选B项。
5．D　考查名词辨析。句意：随着这本书的流行，它开始影响流行文化，它赢得了两项最负盛名的科幻奖，并最终售出了大约2 000万册。根据空格后的“winning two most prestigious (有声望的) prizes in science fiction and eventually selling around 20 million…affect pop culture.”可知，这本书开始流行。故选D项。
6．D　考查名词辨析。句意：同上题。根据“As the book gained __5__ — winning two most prestigious(有声望的) prizes in science fiction and eventually selling around 20 million __6__ in total…”可知，此处表示售卖总计2 000万册。故选D项。
7．B　考查动词辨析。句意：《沙丘》推动了环境运动，Herbert也大力接受了这一运动。根据第一段“Frank Herbert’s 1965 novel Dune is widely considered one of the best sci-fi books ever written. It is also one of the first to take environmental concerns __1__ .”可知，这是一本关于环境生态保护的科幻小说，所以，它推动了环境运动。故选B项。
8．A　考查形容词辨析。句意：Herbert在1970年第一个地球日时说：“我不愿意告诉我的孙辈’对不起，没有你的世界了。我们已经用尽了所有的资源。’”根据空格后的“to be put in the position of telling my grandchildren ’Sorry, no more world for you. We have __9__ all the resources’”可知，Herbert对告诉孙辈生态资源的枯竭这件事是不情愿的。故选A项。
9．C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上题。根据空格前的“Sorry, no more world for you.”可知，对后代说没有他们生存的世界了，因为已经用完了所有的资源。故选C项。
10．A　考查动词辨析。句意：Herbert是最早倡导可再生能源的人之一，他安装了自己的太阳能收集器和风车。根据空格后的“installing(安装) his own solar collector and windmill”可知，Herbert提倡可再生资源。故选A项。
11．B　考查名词辨析。句意：他认为，了解人类行为的后果可以减少对环境的破坏。根据空格后的“human actions could reduce environmental damage”可知，了解人们行为的后果可以减少对环境的破坏。故选B项。
12．C　考查名词辨析。句意：《沙丘》的灵感来自1957年Herbert 访问俄勒冈州的沙丘，他在那里目睹了当地人为稳定地貌所做的努力。根据空格后的“came from Herbert’s visit to Oregon’s sand dunes in 1957”可知，此处表示Herbert写《沙丘》的灵感来源。故选C项。
13．A　考查动词辨析。句意：同上题。根据“The__12__ for Dune came from Herbert’s visit to Oregon’s sand dunes in 1957, where he __13__ efforts to stabilise the landscape from local people.”可知，在俄勒冈州的沙丘，Herbert目睹了当地人为稳定地貌所做出的努力。故选A项。
14．C　考查形容词辨析。句意：他的小说是一个警示故事，关于人类与环境的关系，以及无限制的资源开发带来的灾难性后果。根据“the disastrous effects of __14__ resource exploitation(开发)”以及常识可知，人类开发是不加约束的，会带来严重的灾难性后果。故选C项。
15．D　考查名词辨析。句意：《沙丘》挑战读者考虑他们的行为对地球的影响，并提醒可持续生活的重要性。根据空格前的“Dune challenges readers to consider the impact of their actions on the planet and serves as…”可知，这本小说让读者考虑自己的行为对于地球的影响，并在他们阅读时提醒他们可持续生活的重要性。因此，它是作为保护环境的提醒物。故选D项。(共74张PPT)
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Period Four　Assessing Your Progress—Video Time
课前自主预习
A．(去)拿来；(去)请来
B．速度；步伐；节奏；确定速度；调整节奏
C．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
D．强烈的欲望；冲动；催促；力劝；大力推荐
E．爆炸；爆破
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．We can no longer make a sharp division between the two in an effort to observe nature objectively.(　　)
2．I asked him to fetch me the evening paper.(　　)
3．When John found he was going to be late, he stepped up his pace.(　　)
4．The bomb must explode within less than a millionth of a second.(　　)
5．Parents should actively urge their children to seize the opportunity to join sports teams.(　　)
【答案】1．C　2．A　3．B　4．E　5．D
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．This model _____________________ its competitors technically.
这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。
2．The young man _______________________________ ahead of other people.
这个年轻人有一种想比别人先完成任务的冲动。
【答案】1．is superior to
2．has an urge to finish his task
3．Can you manage to__________________________？
你能设法关掉电视机吗？
4．_____________________ a man in black in the distance.
远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。
5．___________ hundreds of houses fell down and many people died in the earthquake.
据报道，本次地震中数百间房屋倒塌，许多人死亡。
【答案】3．switch off the TV　4．There appeared
5．It is reported that
课堂新知讲练
1．pace n．速度；步伐；节奏
vt.& vi. 确定速度；调整节奏
(P10)City people are experiencing increasing psychological pressure as a result of a faster _____ (pace) of life and rising competition.
【翻译】由于生活______(节奏)的加快和竞争的加剧，城市人的心理压力越来越大。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)pace n．(移动的)速度；步速；发生的速度；步伐；节奏； (走或跑时)迈出的一步；一步的距离；步幅
at a(n)…pace 以……的速度/步伐
at one’s own pace 按某人自己的速度
set the pace 处于领先地位
keep pace with sb/sth 与某人/某物并驾齐驱/步调一致
(2)pace up and down 来回踱步
pace oneself 控制自己的步调；调整自己的工作节奏
【用法详解】
He gave up his job in advertising because he couldn’t stand the pace.
他辞去了广告业的工作，因为他忍受不了那种节奏。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)The runners have to __________________________．
赛跑者不得不加快脚步。
(2)Paul _______________ in the room, looking worried.
保罗在屋里来回踱步，看起来焦虑不安。
(3)We encourage all students to work _______________．
我们鼓励所有学生都按自己的节奏学习。
【答案】(1)speed up their pace　(2)paced up and down
(3)at their own pace
2．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
(P10)At one time or another, each of us probably ______(have an urge to) break the routine of daily life and try something new.
【翻译】有时，我们每个人可能都会______(有一种强烈的欲望)去打破日常生活中的惯例，尝试一些新鲜的事情。
(1)urge sb to do sth 催促某人做某事
urge that…(should) do sth
极力主张……做某事
It is urged that…(should) do sth.
坚决要求……做某事。
(2)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
in urgent need of急需
(3)urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地；急切地
(4)urgency n．紧急的事
【用法详解】
We should constantly urge ourselves to study hard.
我们要经常鞭策自己努力学习。
I strongly urge that all of you study hard and have ambition to serve your nation.
我非常希望你们都好好学习，有为国家服务的雄心壮志。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)On feeling the earthquake, the teacher stayed calm in the front of the classroom, urging all the students ____________(rush) out of the classroom as quickly as possible.
(2)There is an ________(urge) need for food and shelter for these homeless people.
(3)I decided that if I learnt of a company which used a lot of plastic, I’d send it an e–mail ________(urge) it to cut back.
【答案】(1)to rush　(2)urgent　(3)urging/to urge
完成句子
(4)With the development of China, it is urged that __________ __________________ without difficulty.Hence, anyone _________ ___________ can register for our Spoken English Club.
随着中国的发展，年轻人被敦促应毫无困难地与外国人交流。因此，任何渴望说流利英语的人都可以报名参加我们的英语口语俱乐部。
【答案】(4)the young (should) communicate with foreigners; who has/feels an urge to speak fluent English
(P10)It should _______ that the result of your examinations will not ________．(note; publicise)
【翻译】应该________(注意)的是，你的考试结果是不会_______ (公开)。
【句式剖析】
在这个句子中，It作形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的主语从句。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)“It is＋过去分词＋主语从句”这个结构中，最常见的就是由连词that引导的主语从句。它表示一个肯定的意义或确定的内容。
(2)该结构中的过去分词通常是said, believed, known, hoped, thought, required, reported等。
(3)“It is said that…”通常译为“据说；有人说”，相当于“People say that…”，其中的It在句中作形式主语。
(4)该结构还可以改变成“Sb/Sth is said to do…”结构。注意根据动词不定式和“is said”动作之间的时间关系，使用不定式的一般式(to do)、进行式(to be doing)或完成式(to have done)。
It is said that that strange old man is a great artist.
＝That strange old man is said to be a great artist.
据说那个怪老头是一位艺术大师。
It’s said that he has gone abroad.
＝He is said to have gone abroad.
据说他出国了。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)______________________(有人认为) her uncle has made great contributions to the city.
(2)Her mother _______________ (据说) to be a famous doctor in this hospital.
(3)Her elder brother is said ________________________(在学习) in Peking University.
【答案】(1)It is believed that　(2)is said　(3)to be learning
(4)A new school is reported ________________________(修建) in our town next year.
(5)Lily is believed ____________________(树立) a good example to all the students.
【答案】(4)to be built　(5)to have set
写作高效提升
写一篇时空旅行的小作文
◎单元写作目标
动笔前，你的大体构思：____________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．I heard that Dr AI invented a machine that can travel through time and space.
2．I had a very exciting dream, in which I travelled to the year 2050, when everything is much different from what is now on the earth.
◎话题佳句
3．I, together with my friends, went to Dr AI’s invented home and begged to take a look at this magical time and space machine.
4．As a scientist, I was lucky enough to be the first person to travel in a time capsule in 2050．
5．As Dr Li pressed the 22nd–Century button, the time machine suddenly clicked.
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
1．When I woke up, I saw light cars all around me.
2．I looked around and saw that it was a park.
3．Li Lei and I walked up to him, took our new clothes, and put them on.Suddenly, there was a feeling of coolness around me.
4．The robot took us to the mall, and as soon as we walked through the door, we felt a refreshing breeze.
5．When we woke up and found ourselves in a beautiful big house, an aunt walked in the door and talked with us in a friendly way.
6．When I looked up, I found myself in a world of paradise.
【回味无穷的结尾句】
1．The five of us sat on the time machine, pressed the “past” button, and went back to my hometown in 2021．
2．The sound of the alarm clock interrupted my dream.
3．In my dream, I went on a journey through time and space, and the scenes in my dream were so magical and wonderful.
4．I believe that in the near future, mankind will surely enter that wonderful ideal.
【写作任务】
假设你的父母在一家科技公司工作，把刚刚研究出来的机器人带到了家中进行测试。请根据以下要点用英语写一则故事。
◎写作范例
内容包括：
(1)这个机器人名叫杰里；
(2)他很体贴我，并全心全意地照顾我；
(3)一次，由于相信了一个谣言，我勃然大怒，和一位同学发生了冲突。杰里说我这样做是很荒唐的。他希望我能和同学友好相处；
(4)现在，杰里成为我最好的朋友。我非常喜欢他。
注意：
(1)词数80左右；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【写作指导】
体裁 记叙文
人称和时态 以第一、三人称及一般过去时为主
布局 1．介绍故事背景；
2．介绍机器人的特点；
3．介绍一次经历；
4．故事的结局。
【遣词造句】
Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词或短语填空
1．新生产的机器人________________
2．体贴某人________________
【答案】1．a newly–created robot
2．be considerate to sb
3．照顾某人________________
4．勃然大怒________________
5．与某人相处得好________________
【答案】3．care for sb　4．explode with anger
5．get along well with sb
Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用
1．完成句子
(1)My parents worked in a ____________ (科技) company.
(2)They took a newly–created robot into our home_________ (对它进行测试).
(3)Because I _______________ (相信) a rumour.
(4)I exploded with anger and__________(与……冲突) a classmate.
【答案】(1)science and technology　(2)to test it out 　(3)believed in　(4)conflicted with
2．句式升级
(5)用非限制性定语从句升级(1)(2)句
________________________________________
(6)用非谓语动词升级(3)(4)句
________________________________________
【答案】(5)My parents, who worked in a science and technology company, took a newly–created robot into our home to test it out.
(6)Believing in a rumour, I exploded with anger and conflicted with a classmate.
【连句成篇】
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
My parents, who worked in a science and technology company, took a newly–created robot into our home to test it out.
It was a handsome boy named Jerry. He was considerate to me and cared for me heart and soul.
Once, believing in a rumour, I exploded with anger and conflicted with a classmate. Jerry said it was ridiculous to do this. He sincerely hoped that I should get along well with my classmates. Hearing his words, I felt guilty.
Jerry becomes my best friend and I like him very much.
根据以下要点，用英语写一则科幻故事。内容包括：
(1)在2050年，全球将选出30名想体验火星生活的志愿者移居火星；
(2)火星生活条件艰苦，气候严寒，尤其是面临着孤独和恐惧；
(3)他们相处融洽，孤独与恐惧将会逐渐地消失；
◎写作练笔
(4)他们努力地工作，将会克服重重困难；
(5)他们将为科学研究做出巨大的贡献，将是人类的英雄。
注意：
(1)词数80左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
In 2050, 30 volunteers, who have an urge to experience the life on Mars, are selected all over the world to migrate to Mars.
The living conditions on Mars is tough with extremely freezing climate, especially loneliness and fear. However, they keep good relationships with others, so the loneliness and fear fall away. They labour hard, overcoming various challenges. Meantime, they come across some random things and even encounter some aliens.
They will make great contributions to scientific researches and will be heroes of human beings.
课 时 作 业
基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The young man often comes to work late, so his boss has decided to ________(解雇) him.
2．The boy got his dog to ________(去取) his schoolbag for him at home.
3．Within a second, a new energy vehicle ________(爆炸) when it was recharging and it soon got on fire.
【答案】1．dismiss　2．fetch　3．exploded
4．I’ll have to ________(计算) how much time it will take me to finish my homework.
5．He ordered judges to ________(暂停) trials under way there.
6．Tom is ________(优于) to all of his classmates in terms of his science lessons.
【答案】4．calculate　5．suspend　6．superior　
7．He’ll have to learn to ___________(调整节奏) himself in this job.
8．All the children had an ___________(冲动) to have a try in person.
【答案】7．pace　8．urge
Ⅱ.短语填空
have an urge to; as a result; switch off; make a list; make a table; fill in; take notes; be superior to；make a presentation; at one place or another
1．That man seems to be so familiar to me.I must have seen him __________________________________.
2．You’ll have to _____________ this form if you want to apply for this position.
【答案】1．at one place or another　2．fill in
3．All the children ____________________on the stage and received high praise.
4．She usually ____________ of what she will do during the day as soon as she gets up.
5．The quality of our products __________ that of any other products.
【答案】3．made a presentation　4．makes a list　
5．is superior to　
6．Mary has got her mobile phone ________， so I can’t get through to her.
7．Mike went to bed so late last night.________________， it was already ten when he woke up this morning.
【答案】6．switched off　7．As a result　
8．Seeing the clear water, all the visitors _____________ dive into it to have a look at the beautiful creatures.
9．As a good student, Lily usually listens to the teacher and _______ carefully in class.
10．We should _______ about our income and living cost so that we can make ends meet.
【答案】8．had an urge to　9．takes notes　10．make a table
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．_______________________________ this house is worth five million dollars.
据推算，这座房子值五百万美元。
2．_______________ the heavy rain, many crops were ruined.
由于这场大雨，许多庄稼都被毁了。
【答案】1．It is calculated that　2．As a result of

3．I seem to have heard of it ______________________．
我似乎在什么时候听说过这件事情。
4．The couple ______________________ open a shop of their own now.
这对夫妇现在有一种强烈的愿望开办自己的商店。
5．Do you know the woman ________________________？
你认识那位穿着红色毛衣的妇女吗？
【答案】3．at one time or another　4．have an urge to
5．dressed in a red sweater
提升练
Ⅰ.七选五
Is Society Too Dependent on Technology
Just think，what would happen if your computer, iPad or laptop crashed today What if someone took away your phone for some days or perhaps you lost it？__1__ Today，most people are becoming dependent on technology.
Most of us cannot go for a minute without looking at our phones and the fear of the battery dying is immense. If you happen to work in offices you may be familiar with this trend. __2__ Anyway, it’s true. How can work continue if it’s hard to send an email to a colleague or customer？This is common in almost all offices.
Kids used to spend a lot of time with each other or parents playing or just sharing stories. Those evening games after school are over；watching cartoons on a Sunday or playing with friends are no longer there. __3__ Technology has taken all their time.
Society may have gone too far in technology dependence. It has become so immense that doctors have recommended for “technology detox”. __4__ If not, according to Oxford Dictionary，Technology Detox is a period during which an individual avoids using any electronic devices including computers，smartphones，etc., as a chance to reduce stress and focus on social interaction in the outside world.
Well，the choice remains in our hands. We must agree that society is being carried away by the increased inventions being introduced in our lives today. __5__ Meanwhile，we should have the discipline to turn it off when we are supposed to experience life in reality.
A．Perhaps you may have heard of it.
B．We appreciate technology since it has its benefits.
C．If the Internet is down，all the tasks are over for the day.
D．Technology addiction has become a major problem among teenagers.
E．If thinking about these incidents makes you stressed, you are not alone.
F．Here are some signs that our generation depends too much on technology.
G．Today，most kids remain indoors playing computer games or with smartphones.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了现代人对科技过度依赖，无论是在办公室的上班族还是家里的孩子，甚至整个社会。科技确实重要，但我们也要保持个体生活的真实性，体验真实的生活。
1．E　根据上文的“Just think, what would happen…or perhaps you lost it”可知，空格处应承接上文。E项“如果想到这些事会使你焦虑不安，那么你不是一个人(不是只有你有这种情况).”承接上文，符合语境。故选E项。
2．C　根据下文的“Anyway, it’s true…email to a colleague or customer？”提到了难以给同事或顾客发邮件，空格处应论述造成这种事情发生的一个情况。C项“如果网络停止运行，今天所有的任务都会结束。”符合语境。故选C项。
3．G　根据上文的“Those evening games…no longer there”可知，空格处应承接上文。G项“现如今，大多数孩子待在室内玩电脑游戏或者玩智能手机。”符合语境。故选G项。
4．A　根据上文的“It has become so huge…‘technology detox’．”提到了“科技排毒”的名词；下文“ If not, according to Oxford Dictionary…in the outside world.”给出了牛津词典上对“科技排毒”的解释。空格处应说明这个名称我们可能听过。A项“也许你可能听说过它。”符合语境。故选A项。
5．B　根据上文的“We must agree that…in our lives today.”以及下文的“Meanwhile, we should have…in reality.”可知，空格处应承上启下。B项“我们欣赏科技，因为它有它的好处。”符合语境。故选B项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Traditional Chinese culture is finding a new life in Chinese science fiction, where writers are mining the past and threading it into a genre that is 1.________(unique) Chinese. Chinese sci–fi writer, Wu Yan, is among those 2.________(welcome) this trend.
Take his short story “Dad’s Sticky Notes”， which 3.________(win) the gold award at the sixth Children’s Science Fiction Nebula Awards of China this past May. The story follows an elementary school student Zhu Xiaoguo as he uses time–travelling sticky notes 4.________(travel) back to 2100 BC. Wu combines historical imagination with futuristic styles, drawing richly from Chinese archaeology, wisdom of ancient astronomy, and the long–lasting 5.________(elegant) of architecture.
Wu holds the belief 6._______ the deep philosophical roots and imaginative literary legacy(遗产) of traditional Chinese culture offers sci–fi creators 7._______ bottomless supply of inspiration. His viewpoint reflects the ideas of other Chinese sci–fi writers like Liu Cixin, 8._______ widely popular “The Three–Body Problem” trilogy(三部曲) integrates Chinese historical and philosophical subjects with universal themes of science, survival, and humanity’s place in the universe.
Han Song, president of the World Chinese Science Fiction Association, noted that these works address issues like artificial intelligence, space exploration, and environment from the perspective of human being 9._______ a whole.
“They integrate unique thoughts originating from 5,000 years of civilisation to reflect current 10.________(technology) revolutions and social transformations through a Chinese lens(镜片) — offering distinctive answers the world longs for，” he said.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统文化在中国科幻小说中的复兴，一些中国科幻作家在他们的作品中融入了中国传统文化元素和哲学思想，还从人类整体的角度探讨了人工智能、太空探索和环境等问题，通过中国视角反映了当前的技术革命和社会变革。
1．uniquely　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰形容词Chinese，应用副词作状语。故填uniquely。
2．welcoming　考查动词的–ing形式。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词is，此处应用非谓语动词，welcome与逻辑主语those构成主动关系，应用动词的–ing形式作后置定语。故填welcoming。
3．won　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空格处作which引导非限制性定语从句的谓语动词；又根据空格后的“this past May”可知，此处动词应用一般过去时。故填won。
4．to travel　考查动词不定式。此处是固定短语，use sth to do sth意为“使用某物去做某事”。故填to travel。
5．elegance　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空格处作宾语，应用名词。故填elegance。
6．that　考查同位语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词belief的内容，从句中不缺少成分，意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。
7．a　考查冠词。supply为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且bottomless的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
8．whose　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词Liu Cixin，先行词在从句中作定语，此处表示所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
9．as　考查介词。根据语境可知，此处指这些作品从人类整体的角度探讨了人工智能、太空探索和环境等问题。表示“作为，当作”，应用介词as。故填as。
10．technological　考查形容词。根据空格后的名词revolutions可知，此处应用形容词作其定语。故填technological。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
假定你是学校英文报编辑，你报正在开展以“Technology Betters Future”为主题的短篇科幻小说征文活动。请你以Editorial Department of English World的名义，写一则英文征稿启事。内容包括：
(1)活动目的；
(2)征文要求；
(3)投稿方式。
注意：
(1)词数80左右；
(2)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
To inspire your imagination about future life and fuel your enthusiasm for English writing, we are calling for contributions with the theme of “Technology Betters Future”．
All contributions are expected to centre on the positive differences technology makes to future life in the form of sci–fi short stories.
Your wild imagination and vivid language would be the highlights. It is required that the stories should be original and creative and within 5,000 words. Please submit your work to englishworld@ before June 22, 2026．
Your active involvement is highly appreciated.
Editorial Department of English World