选择性必修第4册 UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS提高练--2027北师版高考英语第一轮(含答案与解析)
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| 名称 | 选择性必修第4册 UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS提高练--2027北师版高考英语第一轮(含答案与解析) |
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| 文件大小 | 295.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-26 00:00:00 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2027北师版高考英语第一轮
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2025江西上饶二模)
From an airplane,cars crawling down the highway look like ants.But actual ants—unlike cars—somehow manage to avoid the disaster of stop-and-go traffic.Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up.
The free flow of traffic becomes unstable as the density of cars increases on a highway.At 15 vehicles per mile per lane,one driver tapping their brakes can trigger a persistent wave of traffic jam.“It’s a kind of phase transition,like water turning from a liquid to a solid form,”says Katsuhiro Nishinari,a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo,who studies these jamming transitions.
Human drivers prioritize individual goals,creating traffic waves during rush hours.“Self-driving cars could adopt ant-like cooperation,” says Nicola Pugno of Italy’s University of Trento.Future autonomous vehicles might share data to improve speed consistency and safe distances,imitating ants that coordinate via scent trails.Researchers found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another—and they don’t speed up to pass others.Such decentralized systems,notes UCLA biologist Noa Pinter-Wollman,are flexible without centralized control—similar to ant groups.
Yet ants outperform vehicles in flexibility.They widen trails as needed,navigate 3D spaces(even walking on tunnel ceilings),and avoid collisions by crawling over each other—choices unavailable to cars.For current drivers,Nishinari offers a simple lesson:avoid tailgating,leaving space ahead absorbs braking waves that cause “phantom” jams.“Just keeping away,” he emphasizes,enhances flow.
While self-driving networks face infrastructure limits,ant-inspired methods—prioritizing steady speeds,communication,and patience—could revolutionize traffic management.By blending biology and engineering,researchers aim to transform stop-and-go chaos into the efficient flow nature perfected over millennia.
1.What causes a “phase transition” in traffic
A.A sudden increase in vehicle speed.
B.Autonomous cars sharing data.
C.A brake tap at 15 cars per mile per lane.
D.Drivers widening highway lanes.
2.How can self-driving cars imitate ants to cut traffic
A.By allowing cars to drive in three-dimensional spaces.
B.By programming vehicles to prioritize individual goals.
C.By creating centralized control systems for all cars.
D.By sharing data to maintain steady speeds and spacing.
3.What does the underlined word “tailgating” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Overtaking. B.Accelerating.
C.Parking. D.Following.
4.What is the main idea of the passage
A.Ants help with traffic solutions.
B.Ants’ cooperation is incredible.
C.Cars can copy ants perfectly now.
D.Self-driving cars create jams.
B(2025湖北八市二模)
Killer whales hunt fish with sounds as clicks and buzzes—they choose and chase their prey with sound waves.But a common feature of modern ocean life may be like a salmon’s invisible cloak(隐形斗篷),making the whales’ favorite meal harder to find.What is to blame Boat traffic noise.
Ocean noise has been increasing over the years,and an international research team recently reported in Global Change Biology that when the water got too noisy,whales spent more time looking for food but caught fewer fish.The study tracked every move and sound that individual killer whales made,as well as the sound reaching those whales.This is the first time scientists have linked noise reaching a given killer whale to their foraging(觅食) success,says lead author Jennifer Tennessen.
The noise problem is one that Tennessen views as chronic,yet possibly more straightforward to fix than declining fish populations or pollution—ships could simply slow down to make less noise.Fortunately,with the guidance of both governmental and non-governmental groups,some ship operators are slowing down.
The Vancouver Fraser Port Authority in Canada reported in 2023 that 87 percent of ships slowed or moved over for southern resident whales in critical habitat,which led to a decrease of 4.2 decibels(分贝) compared to 2019,before slowdowns began.Washington ports and other local authorities join in a program of voluntary slowdowns in Washington waters called Quiet Sound,which offers information on killer whale locations.About 70 percent of ships follow Quiet Sound’s guidelines and voluntarily slow down in killer whale critical habitat.
The talk about innovations in propeller(螺旋桨) technology is also positive.A propeller,for example,is based on a design for a quieter drone propeller.If claims of a more efficient and quieter boat propeller are true,that’s good news for both reducing fuel use and quieting traffic.
Tennessen says increasing ship noise is a problem in oceans around the world.“We’re finally able to measure the impacts that it’s having on wildlife,” she says,“and we’re finding that the impacts are numerous.”
5.Why does the author mention a salmon’s invisible cloak
A.To introduce the feature of sound waves.
B.To describe the environment in whales’ hunting.
C.To emphasize the invisibility of salmons’ cloak.
D.To demonstrate the characteristic of whales’ hunting.
6.What do the statistics indicate in paragraph 4
A.Noise reduction is ineffective.
B.Ship operators ignore guidelines.
C.Quiet Sound prioritizes noise monitoring.
D.Voluntary slowdowns lead to noise reduction.
7.What is the significance of propeller technology innovations
A.To address noise issues.
B.To reduce fuel efficiency.
C.To follow Quiet Sound’s guidelines.
D.To help measure influences on wildlife.
8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Ships Slow Down for Whales
B.Boat Noise Clouds Whale Foraging
C.Killer Whales Battle Noise Pollution
D.Technology Innovations Silence Propellers
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025浙江温州二模)
When my dad planned out a trip to La Mina Falls in the El Yunque National Rainforest,I was not really into it,and I went along 9 .
I’ve never been fond of cold water.If the 10 isn’t to my liking,I’m not going to 11 myself from the pool’s edge like a missile(导弹).I’m the type of person who 12 their time easing into the water,lowering myself step-by-step,and 13 my body to get used to the icy depths.
My complicated relationship with water is 14 my dad,who I don’t think has ever looked 15 he dived.I wasn’t raised on the river like he was.Shortly after I was born,we 16 to central Florida,far away from the rapids of my father’s youth.
When we finally made it to the La Mina Falls,I was worn out.My dad was already knee-deep in the water and 17 fast,while I was resting on a rock.He paused,looking over at me and 18 perhaps for the first time,that I had 19 him into the forest.He waved his hand at me,and I 20 my shoes.I knew if I touched the water with my toe in the first place,I wouldn’t get in.So,I jumped into the 21 water,not completely without hesitation,where a 22 combination of accomplishment and regret washed over me.
When I broke the surface,I 23 my dad staring at me.“Your grandfather brought me here once when I was a kid.” His voice faded away into the water.
9.A.anxiously B.hesitantly
C.curiously D.enthusiastically
10.A.time B.coach
C.sport D.temperature
11.A.keep B.launch
C.excuse D.rescue
12.A.measures B.saves
C.takes D.kills
13.A.allowing B.controlling
C.examining D.risking
14.A.in opposition to B.in response to
C.at the mercy of D.on behalf of
15.A.once B.before
C.because D.if
16.A.escaped B.journeyed
C.relocated D.returned
17.A.floating B.withdrawing
C.breathing D.sinking
18.A.realizing B.regretting
C.admitting D.agreeing
19.A.challenged B.forced
C.accompanied D.guided
20.A.stared at B.reached for
C.kicked off D.dusted down
21.A.flooding B.appealing
C.flowing D.freezing
22.A.confusing B.regular
C.similar D.simple
23.A.left B.pictured
C.stopped D.caught
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025河南商丘二模)
Zhang Juyue,a 34-year-old woman from the Qiang ethnic group who has devoted her life to preserving Qiang embroidery(刺绣),24. (feel) that she is racing against time.
The Qiang group is called “the ethnic group on clouds” as they usually live in high altitudes.Qiang embroidery,a national intangible cultural heritage 25. (pass) down through generations of Qiang women,is essential for making clothing and 26. important carrier of the Qiang people’s history,culture and customs,as they do not have a written language.
“The patterns in Qiang embroidery hold many hidden stories.For instance,the ‘square flower’ mentioned by local women is 27. (skillful) adapted from the bricks of ancient city walls,28. (symbolize) their memories of wars,” Zhang says.
Over the past decade,the Qiang embroidery workshop Zhang founded in her hometown in Lixian county,has expanded to over 20 full-time employees.29. excites Zhang the most is that,with the support of the Shanghai-based Public Art Coordination Center,she had the opportunity to cooperate with international fashion 30. (designer) to create high-end dresses.
The major problem she currently faces is the lack of 31. (participate) from young people.She frequently visits local schools 32.(carry) out promotional activities for Qiang embroidery,aiming to cultivate individuals willing to inherit this traditional craft.“My 5-year-old daughter is interested in Qiang embroidery.I’m not saying that she must take it up,33. if she chooses to,I will support her,” she says.
参考答案
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS(二)
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了蚂蚁在交通拥堵方面给人类的启示。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At 15 vehicles per mile per lane,one driver tapping their brakes can trigger a persistent wave of traffic jam.‘It’s a kind of phase transition,like water turning from a liquid to a solid form,’says Katsuhiro Nishinari,a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo,who studies these jamming transitions.”可知,每英里每车道15辆车时轻踩刹车,导致了交通中的“相变”。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Future autonomous vehicles might share data to improve speed consistency and safe distances,imitating ants that coordinate via scent trails.Researchers found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another—and they don’t speed up to pass others.Such decentralized systems,notes UCLA biologist Noa Pinter-Wollman,are flexible without centralized control—similar to ant groups.”可知,自动驾驶汽车通过共享数据来保持稳定的速度和间距,从而模仿蚂蚁来减少交通拥堵。故选D项。
3.D 词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“leaving space ahead absorbs braking waves that cause ‘phantom’ jams.‘Just keeping away,’ he emphasizes,enhances flow”可知,应该避免紧跟在车后,所以画线词意思为“紧跟着”。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up.”及全文可知,文章说明了蚂蚁在交通拥堵方面给人类的启示。由此可知,A项“蚂蚁有助于解决交通问题”符合题意。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍越来越多的海洋噪声污染问题给鲸的捕猎带来了困扰,为此,各方从多个角度投入力量改变这一现状。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But a common feature of modern ocean life may be like a salmon’s invisible cloak,making the whales’ favorite meal harder to find.What is to blame Boat traffic noise.”可知,这里使用鲑鱼的隐形斗篷作为一个比喻,描述了船只交通噪声如何使得鲸更难找到它们的食物,就像给鲑鱼穿上了一件隐形斗篷一样,由此可知,文中提到鲑鱼的隐形斗篷是为了表明鲸鱼捕食困难的境况。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The Vancouver Fraser Port Authority in Canada reported in 2023 that 87 percent of ships slowed or moved over for southern resident whales in critical habitat,which led to a decrease of 4.2 decibels compared to 2019,before slowdowns began.”可知,大多数船只遵循指导原则并自愿在鲸的关键栖息地减速,从而实现了噪声水平的有效降低,由此可知,第四段中的数据表明了自愿减速导致噪声减少。
7.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“A propeller,for example,is based on a design for a quieter drone propeller.If claims of a more efficient and quieter boat propeller are true,that’s good news for both reducing fuel use and quieting traffic.”可知,螺旋桨技术的创新旨在制造更加安静和高效的船用螺旋桨,有助于解决噪声问题,由此可知,螺旋桨技术创新的意义是解决噪声问题。
8.B 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“But a common feature of modern ocean life may be like a salmon’s invisible cloak,making the whales’ favorite meal harder to find.What is to blame Boat traffic noise.”可知,噪声污染成为像鲑鱼的隐形斗篷一样,使得鲸难以捕捉到它们的主要食物来源,引出下文介绍的通过船只减速和其他技术手段来减轻这种影响的努力,由此可知,本文主要讲述的是船只噪声污染问题给鲸的捕猎带来的困扰以及解决这一问题的方法和技术进步,所以题目“船只噪声影响鲸鱼觅食” 准确反映了文章的核心内容,适合作为最佳标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与父亲一同前往艾尔云雀国家雨林的拉米纳瀑布的旅行经历,特别是作者对冷水的复杂感受以及与父亲在水中的不同表现。展现了作者从犹豫到最终跳入水中的心理变化,以及这一经历所带来的成就感和遗憾交织的复杂情感。
9.B 根据上文“When my dad planned out a trip to La Mina Falls in the El Yunque National Rainforest,I was not really into it”可知,作者并不想去,所以是犹犹豫豫地跟着爸爸去了。
10.D 根据上文“I’ve never been fond of cold water.”可知,作者不喜欢冷水;再根据空后“I’m not going to myself from the pool’s edge like a missile.”可知,作者对水温有要求,因此如果水温不合作者的心意,作者不会猛地跳进水里。
11.B 根据空后的“like a missile”可推测,这里是说不会像导弹一样从泳池边发射自己,即不会猛地跳进水里。
12.C 根据上文可知,作者不喜欢冷水,如果水温不合意,作者不会猛地跳进水里。换句话说,作者会慢慢下水,适应冰冷的水。take one’s time doing sth.意为“慢慢做某事”。
13.A 根据上文“lowering myself step-by-step”以及常理可知,作者会慢慢下水是为了让身体适应冰冷的水深处。
14.A 根据下文“My dad was already knee-deep in the water and fast,while I was resting on a rock.”可知,作者对待水的态度和爸爸对待水的态度截然不同。
15.B 分析句子成分可知,空处考查状语从句的引导词;根据句意可知,空处意为“在……之前”,描述父亲跳水之前都不会多看一眼。
16.C 根据空后“to central Florida,far away from the rapids of my father’s youth”可知,作者出生后不久就搬到了佛罗里达州中部。
17.D 根据上文“My dad was already knee-deep in the water”以及空后的“fast”可推测,作者的爸爸已经到了水中,且快速下沉。
18.A 根据上文“He paused,looking over at me”以及空后“perhaps for the first time,that I had him into the forest.”可知,作者的爸爸一到这里就跳入水中,此时才意识到作者陪他来到了森林。
19.C 根据文章第一段“When my dad planned out a trip to La Mina Falls in the El Yunque National Rainforest,I was not really into it,and I went along .”可知,作者是陪爸爸来到这片森林的。
20.C 根据空后“my shoes”以及常理可知,入水之前应该先脱掉鞋子。
21.D 根据上文“I knew if I touched the water with my toe in the first place,I wouldn’t get in.”可推测,此处的水温是作者不喜欢的冰冷的温度。
22.A 根据下文“accomplishment and regret”可推测,过去会选择慢慢下水的作者跳入了冰冷的水中,这种感觉是复杂的、令人困惑的。
23.D 根据上文“When I broke the surface”可知,当作者浮出水面时发现父亲正盯着他。考查短语:catch sb.doing sth.,意为“发现某人正在做某事”,符合句意。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了羌族独特的刺绣工艺以及匠人们为技艺传承所付出的努力。
24.feels 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此空考查谓语动词,主语Zhang Juyue与feel为主动关系,句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语Zhang Juyue是单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式feels。故填feels。
25.passed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语,heritage与pass down为逻辑上的被动关系,再由语境可知,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填passed。
26.an 考查冠词。这里泛指“一个重要的载体”,应用不定冠词,且important的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
27.skillfully 考查副词。修饰动词adapted应用skillful的副词形式。故填skillfully。
28.symbolizing 考查非谓语动词。此空考查非谓语,主语the ‘square flower’与symbolize为逻辑上的主动关系,再由语境可知,应用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。
29.What 考查名词性从句。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指“事物”,应用连接代词what引导,且句首首字母应大写。故填What。
30.designers 考查名词复数。designer为可数名词,此处用复数形式designers表泛指。故填designers。
31.participation 考查名词。此处为名词所有格,表示“年轻人的参与”,介词of后接名词,故填participation。
32.to carry 考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知,此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to carry。
33.but 考查连词。结合句意可知,空处的前后文为转折关系,故填but。
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2027北师版高考英语第一轮
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2025江西上饶二模)
From an airplane,cars crawling down the highway look like ants.But actual ants—unlike cars—somehow manage to avoid the disaster of stop-and-go traffic.Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up.
The free flow of traffic becomes unstable as the density of cars increases on a highway.At 15 vehicles per mile per lane,one driver tapping their brakes can trigger a persistent wave of traffic jam.“It’s a kind of phase transition,like water turning from a liquid to a solid form,”says Katsuhiro Nishinari,a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo,who studies these jamming transitions.
Human drivers prioritize individual goals,creating traffic waves during rush hours.“Self-driving cars could adopt ant-like cooperation,” says Nicola Pugno of Italy’s University of Trento.Future autonomous vehicles might share data to improve speed consistency and safe distances,imitating ants that coordinate via scent trails.Researchers found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another—and they don’t speed up to pass others.Such decentralized systems,notes UCLA biologist Noa Pinter-Wollman,are flexible without centralized control—similar to ant groups.
Yet ants outperform vehicles in flexibility.They widen trails as needed,navigate 3D spaces(even walking on tunnel ceilings),and avoid collisions by crawling over each other—choices unavailable to cars.For current drivers,Nishinari offers a simple lesson:avoid tailgating,leaving space ahead absorbs braking waves that cause “phantom” jams.“Just keeping away,” he emphasizes,enhances flow.
While self-driving networks face infrastructure limits,ant-inspired methods—prioritizing steady speeds,communication,and patience—could revolutionize traffic management.By blending biology and engineering,researchers aim to transform stop-and-go chaos into the efficient flow nature perfected over millennia.
1.What causes a “phase transition” in traffic
A.A sudden increase in vehicle speed.
B.Autonomous cars sharing data.
C.A brake tap at 15 cars per mile per lane.
D.Drivers widening highway lanes.
2.How can self-driving cars imitate ants to cut traffic
A.By allowing cars to drive in three-dimensional spaces.
B.By programming vehicles to prioritize individual goals.
C.By creating centralized control systems for all cars.
D.By sharing data to maintain steady speeds and spacing.
3.What does the underlined word “tailgating” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Overtaking. B.Accelerating.
C.Parking. D.Following.
4.What is the main idea of the passage
A.Ants help with traffic solutions.
B.Ants’ cooperation is incredible.
C.Cars can copy ants perfectly now.
D.Self-driving cars create jams.
B(2025湖北八市二模)
Killer whales hunt fish with sounds as clicks and buzzes—they choose and chase their prey with sound waves.But a common feature of modern ocean life may be like a salmon’s invisible cloak(隐形斗篷),making the whales’ favorite meal harder to find.What is to blame Boat traffic noise.
Ocean noise has been increasing over the years,and an international research team recently reported in Global Change Biology that when the water got too noisy,whales spent more time looking for food but caught fewer fish.The study tracked every move and sound that individual killer whales made,as well as the sound reaching those whales.This is the first time scientists have linked noise reaching a given killer whale to their foraging(觅食) success,says lead author Jennifer Tennessen.
The noise problem is one that Tennessen views as chronic,yet possibly more straightforward to fix than declining fish populations or pollution—ships could simply slow down to make less noise.Fortunately,with the guidance of both governmental and non-governmental groups,some ship operators are slowing down.
The Vancouver Fraser Port Authority in Canada reported in 2023 that 87 percent of ships slowed or moved over for southern resident whales in critical habitat,which led to a decrease of 4.2 decibels(分贝) compared to 2019,before slowdowns began.Washington ports and other local authorities join in a program of voluntary slowdowns in Washington waters called Quiet Sound,which offers information on killer whale locations.About 70 percent of ships follow Quiet Sound’s guidelines and voluntarily slow down in killer whale critical habitat.
The talk about innovations in propeller(螺旋桨) technology is also positive.A propeller,for example,is based on a design for a quieter drone propeller.If claims of a more efficient and quieter boat propeller are true,that’s good news for both reducing fuel use and quieting traffic.
Tennessen says increasing ship noise is a problem in oceans around the world.“We’re finally able to measure the impacts that it’s having on wildlife,” she says,“and we’re finding that the impacts are numerous.”
5.Why does the author mention a salmon’s invisible cloak
A.To introduce the feature of sound waves.
B.To describe the environment in whales’ hunting.
C.To emphasize the invisibility of salmons’ cloak.
D.To demonstrate the characteristic of whales’ hunting.
6.What do the statistics indicate in paragraph 4
A.Noise reduction is ineffective.
B.Ship operators ignore guidelines.
C.Quiet Sound prioritizes noise monitoring.
D.Voluntary slowdowns lead to noise reduction.
7.What is the significance of propeller technology innovations
A.To address noise issues.
B.To reduce fuel efficiency.
C.To follow Quiet Sound’s guidelines.
D.To help measure influences on wildlife.
8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Ships Slow Down for Whales
B.Boat Noise Clouds Whale Foraging
C.Killer Whales Battle Noise Pollution
D.Technology Innovations Silence Propellers
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025浙江温州二模)
When my dad planned out a trip to La Mina Falls in the El Yunque National Rainforest,I was not really into it,and I went along 9 .
I’ve never been fond of cold water.If the 10 isn’t to my liking,I’m not going to 11 myself from the pool’s edge like a missile(导弹).I’m the type of person who 12 their time easing into the water,lowering myself step-by-step,and 13 my body to get used to the icy depths.
My complicated relationship with water is 14 my dad,who I don’t think has ever looked 15 he dived.I wasn’t raised on the river like he was.Shortly after I was born,we 16 to central Florida,far away from the rapids of my father’s youth.
When we finally made it to the La Mina Falls,I was worn out.My dad was already knee-deep in the water and 17 fast,while I was resting on a rock.He paused,looking over at me and 18 perhaps for the first time,that I had 19 him into the forest.He waved his hand at me,and I 20 my shoes.I knew if I touched the water with my toe in the first place,I wouldn’t get in.So,I jumped into the 21 water,not completely without hesitation,where a 22 combination of accomplishment and regret washed over me.
When I broke the surface,I 23 my dad staring at me.“Your grandfather brought me here once when I was a kid.” His voice faded away into the water.
9.A.anxiously B.hesitantly
C.curiously D.enthusiastically
10.A.time B.coach
C.sport D.temperature
11.A.keep B.launch
C.excuse D.rescue
12.A.measures B.saves
C.takes D.kills
13.A.allowing B.controlling
C.examining D.risking
14.A.in opposition to B.in response to
C.at the mercy of D.on behalf of
15.A.once B.before
C.because D.if
16.A.escaped B.journeyed
C.relocated D.returned
17.A.floating B.withdrawing
C.breathing D.sinking
18.A.realizing B.regretting
C.admitting D.agreeing
19.A.challenged B.forced
C.accompanied D.guided
20.A.stared at B.reached for
C.kicked off D.dusted down
21.A.flooding B.appealing
C.flowing D.freezing
22.A.confusing B.regular
C.similar D.simple
23.A.left B.pictured
C.stopped D.caught
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025河南商丘二模)
Zhang Juyue,a 34-year-old woman from the Qiang ethnic group who has devoted her life to preserving Qiang embroidery(刺绣),24. (feel) that she is racing against time.
The Qiang group is called “the ethnic group on clouds” as they usually live in high altitudes.Qiang embroidery,a national intangible cultural heritage 25. (pass) down through generations of Qiang women,is essential for making clothing and 26. important carrier of the Qiang people’s history,culture and customs,as they do not have a written language.
“The patterns in Qiang embroidery hold many hidden stories.For instance,the ‘square flower’ mentioned by local women is 27. (skillful) adapted from the bricks of ancient city walls,28. (symbolize) their memories of wars,” Zhang says.
Over the past decade,the Qiang embroidery workshop Zhang founded in her hometown in Lixian county,has expanded to over 20 full-time employees.29. excites Zhang the most is that,with the support of the Shanghai-based Public Art Coordination Center,she had the opportunity to cooperate with international fashion 30. (designer) to create high-end dresses.
The major problem she currently faces is the lack of 31. (participate) from young people.She frequently visits local schools 32.(carry) out promotional activities for Qiang embroidery,aiming to cultivate individuals willing to inherit this traditional craft.“My 5-year-old daughter is interested in Qiang embroidery.I’m not saying that she must take it up,33. if she chooses to,I will support her,” she says.
参考答案
UNIT 10 CONNECTIONS(二)
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了蚂蚁在交通拥堵方面给人类的启示。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“At 15 vehicles per mile per lane,one driver tapping their brakes can trigger a persistent wave of traffic jam.‘It’s a kind of phase transition,like water turning from a liquid to a solid form,’says Katsuhiro Nishinari,a mathematical physicist at the University of Tokyo,who studies these jamming transitions.”可知,每英里每车道15辆车时轻踩刹车,导致了交通中的“相变”。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Future autonomous vehicles might share data to improve speed consistency and safe distances,imitating ants that coordinate via scent trails.Researchers found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another—and they don’t speed up to pass others.Such decentralized systems,notes UCLA biologist Noa Pinter-Wollman,are flexible without centralized control—similar to ant groups.”可知,自动驾驶汽车通过共享数据来保持稳定的速度和间距,从而模仿蚂蚁来减少交通拥堵。故选D项。
3.D 词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“leaving space ahead absorbs braking waves that cause ‘phantom’ jams.‘Just keeping away,’ he emphasizes,enhances flow”可知,应该避免紧跟在车后,所以画线词意思为“紧跟着”。
4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up.”及全文可知,文章说明了蚂蚁在交通拥堵方面给人类的启示。由此可知,A项“蚂蚁有助于解决交通问题”符合题意。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍越来越多的海洋噪声污染问题给鲸的捕猎带来了困扰,为此,各方从多个角度投入力量改变这一现状。
5.B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But a common feature of modern ocean life may be like a salmon’s invisible cloak,making the whales’ favorite meal harder to find.What is to blame Boat traffic noise.”可知,这里使用鲑鱼的隐形斗篷作为一个比喻,描述了船只交通噪声如何使得鲸更难找到它们的食物,就像给鲑鱼穿上了一件隐形斗篷一样,由此可知,文中提到鲑鱼的隐形斗篷是为了表明鲸鱼捕食困难的境况。
6.D 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The Vancouver Fraser Port Authority in Canada reported in 2023 that 87 percent of ships slowed or moved over for southern resident whales in critical habitat,which led to a decrease of 4.2 decibels compared to 2019,before slowdowns began.”可知,大多数船只遵循指导原则并自愿在鲸的关键栖息地减速,从而实现了噪声水平的有效降低,由此可知,第四段中的数据表明了自愿减速导致噪声减少。
7.A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“A propeller,for example,is based on a design for a quieter drone propeller.If claims of a more efficient and quieter boat propeller are true,that’s good news for both reducing fuel use and quieting traffic.”可知,螺旋桨技术的创新旨在制造更加安静和高效的船用螺旋桨,有助于解决噪声问题,由此可知,螺旋桨技术创新的意义是解决噪声问题。
8.B 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“But a common feature of modern ocean life may be like a salmon’s invisible cloak,making the whales’ favorite meal harder to find.What is to blame Boat traffic noise.”可知,噪声污染成为像鲑鱼的隐形斗篷一样,使得鲸难以捕捉到它们的主要食物来源,引出下文介绍的通过船只减速和其他技术手段来减轻这种影响的努力,由此可知,本文主要讲述的是船只噪声污染问题给鲸的捕猎带来的困扰以及解决这一问题的方法和技术进步,所以题目“船只噪声影响鲸鱼觅食” 准确反映了文章的核心内容,适合作为最佳标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与父亲一同前往艾尔云雀国家雨林的拉米纳瀑布的旅行经历,特别是作者对冷水的复杂感受以及与父亲在水中的不同表现。展现了作者从犹豫到最终跳入水中的心理变化,以及这一经历所带来的成就感和遗憾交织的复杂情感。
9.B 根据上文“When my dad planned out a trip to La Mina Falls in the El Yunque National Rainforest,I was not really into it”可知,作者并不想去,所以是犹犹豫豫地跟着爸爸去了。
10.D 根据上文“I’ve never been fond of cold water.”可知,作者不喜欢冷水;再根据空后“I’m not going to myself from the pool’s edge like a missile.”可知,作者对水温有要求,因此如果水温不合作者的心意,作者不会猛地跳进水里。
11.B 根据空后的“like a missile”可推测,这里是说不会像导弹一样从泳池边发射自己,即不会猛地跳进水里。
12.C 根据上文可知,作者不喜欢冷水,如果水温不合意,作者不会猛地跳进水里。换句话说,作者会慢慢下水,适应冰冷的水。take one’s time doing sth.意为“慢慢做某事”。
13.A 根据上文“lowering myself step-by-step”以及常理可知,作者会慢慢下水是为了让身体适应冰冷的水深处。
14.A 根据下文“My dad was already knee-deep in the water and fast,while I was resting on a rock.”可知,作者对待水的态度和爸爸对待水的态度截然不同。
15.B 分析句子成分可知,空处考查状语从句的引导词;根据句意可知,空处意为“在……之前”,描述父亲跳水之前都不会多看一眼。
16.C 根据空后“to central Florida,far away from the rapids of my father’s youth”可知,作者出生后不久就搬到了佛罗里达州中部。
17.D 根据上文“My dad was already knee-deep in the water”以及空后的“fast”可推测,作者的爸爸已经到了水中,且快速下沉。
18.A 根据上文“He paused,looking over at me”以及空后“perhaps for the first time,that I had him into the forest.”可知,作者的爸爸一到这里就跳入水中,此时才意识到作者陪他来到了森林。
19.C 根据文章第一段“When my dad planned out a trip to La Mina Falls in the El Yunque National Rainforest,I was not really into it,and I went along .”可知,作者是陪爸爸来到这片森林的。
20.C 根据空后“my shoes”以及常理可知,入水之前应该先脱掉鞋子。
21.D 根据上文“I knew if I touched the water with my toe in the first place,I wouldn’t get in.”可推测,此处的水温是作者不喜欢的冰冷的温度。
22.A 根据下文“accomplishment and regret”可推测,过去会选择慢慢下水的作者跳入了冰冷的水中,这种感觉是复杂的、令人困惑的。
23.D 根据上文“When I broke the surface”可知,当作者浮出水面时发现父亲正盯着他。考查短语:catch sb.doing sth.,意为“发现某人正在做某事”,符合句意。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了羌族独特的刺绣工艺以及匠人们为技艺传承所付出的努力。
24.feels 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此空考查谓语动词,主语Zhang Juyue与feel为主动关系,句子描述客观事实,用一般现在时;主语Zhang Juyue是单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式feels。故填feels。
25.passed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语,heritage与pass down为逻辑上的被动关系,再由语境可知,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填passed。
26.an 考查冠词。这里泛指“一个重要的载体”,应用不定冠词,且important的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
27.skillfully 考查副词。修饰动词adapted应用skillful的副词形式。故填skillfully。
28.symbolizing 考查非谓语动词。此空考查非谓语,主语the ‘square flower’与symbolize为逻辑上的主动关系,再由语境可知,应用现在分词作状语。故填symbolizing。
29.What 考查名词性从句。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指“事物”,应用连接代词what引导,且句首首字母应大写。故填What。
30.designers 考查名词复数。designer为可数名词,此处用复数形式designers表泛指。故填designers。
31.participation 考查名词。此处为名词所有格,表示“年轻人的参与”,介词of后接名词,故填participation。
32.to carry 考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知,此处用不定式作目的状语。故填to carry。
33.but 考查连词。结合句意可知,空处的前后文为转折关系,故填but。
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