选择性必修第4册 UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE同步练--2027北师版高考英语第一轮(含答案与解析)
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| 名称 | 选择性必修第4册 UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE同步练--2027北师版高考英语第一轮(含答案与解析) |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-26 00:00:00 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2027北师版高考英语第一轮
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2025湖南邵阳三模)
Literature therapy(疗法),a rising field of study that uses books and literature as a mental healing(治疗) method,is a research-backed solution to anxiety and other mental illnesses.
I was first into literature therapy because it was something that I had experienced in my own life.There is no better excitement than being placed into someone else’s life and discovering your own.By reading stories,we can learn to understand our own emotions—this is the basis of literature therapy.
I was at university when I started looking into literature therapy and realized that it was an actual research-backed solution to mental illness.During that time,I was taking a European literature course and,while discussing the topic with my professor,I was pointed to the story of John Stuart Mill,who was an influential philosopher and writer of the 19th century.In his early twenties,he suffered a mental breakdown.This state of mind left him depressed and completely incapable of work.After months of losing himself in despair(绝望),he finally managed to get out of the darkness.How did he overcome this despair It was a passage of literature from William Wordsworth that eventually freed him from this depression.
John Stuart Mill described this experience in his autobiography:“What made Wordsworth’s poems a medicine for my state of mind was that they expressed not mere outward beauty,but states of feelings and of thoughts coloured by feelings,under the excitement of beauty.They seemed to be the very culture of the feelings,which I was in quest of.From them,I seemed to find a source of inward joy,of sympathetic and imaginative pleasure,which could be shared by all human beings.”
In fact,there are countless examples to be found throughout history,because human experience is universal,and few things connect us better to it than our own stories.
1.What is literature therapy according to the text
A.A strategy for literature reading.
B.A growing field of physical treatment.
C.A solution to backing up mental research.
D.A psychological treatment through reading.
2.What made the author recognize literature therapy
A.William Wordsworth’s poems.
B.Her personal struggle with illness.
C.John Stuart Mill’s experience.
D.Her professor’s research at university.
3.How did Wordsworth’s poetry affect John Stuart Mill
A.It released him from mental suffering.
B.It inspired him to become a philosopher.
C.It motivated him to pursue outward beauty.
D.It helped him continue his academic career.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To introduce literature therapy.
B.To share her journey in literature.
C.To honor a poet in European literature.
D.To stress the limitation of literature therapy.
B(2025福建厦门二模)
Snow can be a powerful reminder of childhood snow days—that joyful surprise when another expected day of sitting in school turned into one that was instead filled with snowball fights or skating.But there are also plenty of reasons why snow can appeal to people without that fond nostalgia(怀旧).
Snow quite literally changes our physical experience of the world.For example,freshly fallen snow is porous(多孔的) enough to absorb sound well,making the world quieter.And it plays even more strongly on our sense of sight.One aspect of that visual appeal is the way snow reflects light in the darker months.“A lot of people really struggle with winter darkness as much as they struggle with the cold,” says Leibowitz,who has written a book about mental health in winter.“The brightening effect of the snow,I think,is really powerful.”
Snow changes the very shape of the world people see around them,Leibowitz says,pointing to the way a fresh blanket of it hides and yet reveals the surroundings.“Things that you look at every day suddenly can appear very different,” she says.
In the right conditions,snow can be fascinating.But for certain people,the same weather can become the very opposite:annoying,exhausting or depressing.Leibowitz recommends welcoming changing seasons,taking inspiration from the long nights and cold days—and argues that snow can be a helpful cue to do so.“It’s such a clear visual reminder that we’re in a different season that perhaps it inspires people to respond more adaptively,” she says.
But as climate change continues to unfold,some historically snowy areas will lose the most magical precipitation(降水) and face nothing but cold rain.“There are a lot of places in the world that are right on this borderline where the difference of a couple of degrees of warming is the difference between a white,snowy winter...and a gray,rainy winter,” Leibowitz says.“I think there’s a lot that is lost when we lose the cold and when we lose the snow.”
5.What does the underlined word “one” refer to in paragraph 1
A.A reminder. B.A surprise.
C.A day. D.A snowball.
6.How does snow change our experience of the world
A.By making musical sounds.
B.By increasing the cold of winter.
C.By exercising our sense of sight.
D.By offering a new look of the world.
7.What is Leibowitz’s suggestion to snow haters
A.Searching for visual cues.
B.Ignoring negative emotions.
C.Adjusting to seasonal changes.
D.Cleaning unpleasant surroundings.
8.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A.Express concern for snow loss.
B.Make predictions of climate change.
C.Present reasons for increased rainfall.
D.Summarize consequences of cold rain.
C(2025山东滨州二模)
It was obvious with Pinocchio.Every time he told a lie his nose grew longer.But for the rest of us in real life,the result of telling lies isn’t so evident.Is it possible that there are unseen consequences to dishonesty
Since lies are carried by speech,and speech originates in the brain,is it possible that telling lies results in changes in the brain that are not outwardly observable Psychologists Julia Lee and Ashley Hardin wanted to find out.
Drs.Lee and Hardin set up a series of studies to explore the question of dishonesty,with 250 pairs of individuals.In each pair,one was assigned the task of either lying or telling the truth.The other member of the pair was instructed to evaluate the emotions of the lying or truth-telling partner.Each of the partners was then assigned the task of evaluating the emotions of the other partner.
The research found that subjects who were asked to be dishonest were significantly worse at detecting the emotional state of their partners than those who told the truth.Surprisingly,the small,seemingly unimportant moments of dishonesty clouded an individual’s ability to read the emotions of another individual later on.
To determine how well the participants could read other people’s emotions,the researchers then had the subjects watch a series of short video clips.In the clips,actors expressed a wide range of emotions in their facial expressions,voices,and body language.The participants were then asked to identify the emotional state of the actors.Once again,across all the experimental studies,the researchers consistently found that those who were tempted to lie,and likely did so,ended up performing worse on the test of empathetic accuracy than those who didn’t lie.
We live in a world where businesses,social life,and personal relationships depend on the ability of individuals to interact well with other people.And to interact with them we often need to be able to determine their emotions.As most of us learned in kindergarten,it’s important to tell the truth!
9.What is the purpose of the studies
A.To explain the Pinocchio Effect.
B.To explore the motive for lying.
C.To teach people how to detect lies.
D.To test if lying causes brain changes.
10.What were the participants asked to do in the studies
A.To make faces.
B.To learn body languages.
C.To rate others’ performances.
D.To identify different emotions.
11.What does the underlined word “clouded” in paragraph 4 most probably mean
A.Cleared. B.Improved.
C.Weakened. D.Monitored.
12.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.The necessity of being honest.
B.The application of the study.
C.The reasons for telling lies.
D.The complexity of social interaction.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025湖北八市二模)
In our daily life,we have been so preoccupied with social media and the Internet that hardly anyone considers reading books.However,there are many benefits to reading,from making you smarter to improving your reading and writing skills.Then we have enlisted the top several benefits here.
Stimulate your brain
When you read every day,you stimulate your mental activity.Studies show one of the prime benefits of reading books is slowing down mental disorders.It happens since reading stimulates the brain and keeps it active,which allows it to maintain its power and capacity.Every part of our body needs exercise to stay healthy. 13
Reduce your stress
Everyday concerns will keep bothering you unless you do something to distract your mind. 14 When you read a great story,all your stress seems to slip away and relax you since you tend to travel mentally in a different area.
Enhance your Knowledge
15 The importance of reading books is now more than ever since not everything is available in digitalized form.There are numerous ways to learn more about life,from self-help books to fictions.One of the great benefits of reading books is that the knowledge you gain from them can never be taken away from you. 16
From health benefits to getting smarter,there are numerous benefits that regular reading can offer.You can expect to enhance your knowledge about so many things if you just develop this habit of reading books regularly. 17 Once it is assured and once you have a grasp of reading,you will be grateful to yourself for this habit.
A.The same goes for our brain.
B.It might appear boring unless you start.
C.Your knowledge will stay with you till the end of time.
D.Playing games like solving puzzles results in cognitive stimulation.
E.While some may be too busy to read,others merely don’t care to read.
F.Since the beginning of civilization,we have grown and developed mentally.
G.Reading gives you that mental space to occupy yourself with something more interesting.
参考答案
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE(一)
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了文学疗法这一新兴研究领域,即利用书籍和文学作为心理治疗方法来应对焦虑和其他精神疾病。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Literature therapy,a rising field of study that uses books and literature as a mental healing method,is a research-backed solution to anxiety and other mental illnesses.”和第二段中的“By reading stories,we can learn to understand our own emotions—this is the basis of literature therapy.”可知,文学疗法是通过阅读进行心理治疗。故选D项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,John Stuart Mill的经历让作者认识到了文学疗法。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“How did he overcome this despair It was a passage of literature from William Wordsworth that eventually freed him from this depression.”可知,Wordsworth的诗歌使John Stuart Mill摆脱了精神上的痛苦。
4.A 推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第一段内容可知,本文主要讲述了文学疗法这一新兴研究领域,即利用书籍和文学作为心理治疗方法来应对焦虑和其他精神疾病,因此本文的目的是介绍文学疗法。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了雪能唤起人们对童年的回忆,改变人们对世界的体验,还建议人们适应季节变化,同时表达了对因气候变化雪减少的担忧。
5.C 词句猜测题。根据画线词所在部分“when another expected day of sitting in school turned into one that was instead filled with snowball fights or skating”可知,one是代词,与“another expected day”词义相关,结合其后定语从句“that was instead filled with snowball fights or skating”可推知,指的是“被打雪仗或滑冰排满的一天”,即a day。
6.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Snow quite literally changes our physical experience of the world.For example,freshly fallen snow is porous enough to absorb sound well,making the world quieter.And it plays even more strongly on our sense of sight.One aspect of that visual appeal is the way snow reflects light in the darker months.”可知,雪改变了我们对世界的物理体验,即通过呈现世界的新面貌改变了我们对世界的体验。故选D项。
7.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the right conditions,snow can be fascinating.But for certain people,the same weather can become the very opposite:annoying,exhausting or depressing.Leibowitz recommends welcoming changing seasons,taking inspiration from the long nights and cold days—and argues that snow can be a helpful cue to do so.”可知,Leibowitz给讨厌雪的人的建议是去适应季节变化。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But as climate change continues to unfold,some historically snowy areas will lose the most magical precipitation and face nothing but cold rain.”和“I think there’s a lot that is lost when we lose the cold and when we lose the snow.”可推知,作者在最后一段表达了对雪减少的担忧。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了心理学家Julia Lee和Ashley Hardin开展的研究,旨在探究说谎是否会导致大脑变化。研究发现说谎会削弱识别他人情绪的能力,强调了诚实的重要性。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,研究的目的是测试说谎是否会导致大脑变化。
10.D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“To determine how well the participants could read other people’s emotions,the researchers then had the subjects watch a series of short video clips.In the clips,actors expressed a wide range of emotions in their facial expressions,voices,and body language.The participants were then asked to identify the emotional state of the actors.”可知,参与者在研究中被要求识别不同的情绪。
11.C 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“The research found that subjects who were asked to be dishonest were significantly worse at detecting the emotional state of their partners than those who told the truth.”可知,说谎会削弱一个人解读他人情绪状态的能力。所以画线词所在句“Surprisingly,the small,seemingly unimportant moments of dishonesty clouded an individual’s ability to read the emotions of another individual later on.”中“clouded”的意思是“削弱”,与C项“Weakened”同义。
12.A 主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容可知,最后一段主要讲了诚实的必要性。故选A项。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是阅读的几个好处:刺激大脑、减少压力和提升知识。
13.A 根据本段的小标题“Stimulate your brain”可知,本段介绍的是阅读能刺激大脑,结合空前的“Every part of our body needs exercise to stay healthy.”可知,我们的身体的每一部分都需要通过锻炼来保持健康,结合空格所处的位置可知,此处应是总结该部分,A选项“The same goes for our brain.”与上文提到的身体其他部分需要锻炼,大脑也需要锻炼的逻辑一致。
14.G 根据本段的小标题“Reduce your stress”可知,本段介绍的是阅读能帮助减少压力,结合空前的“Everyday concerns will keep bothering you unless you do something to distract your mind.”以及空后的“When you read a great story,all your stress seems to slip away and relax you since you tend to travel mentally in a different area.”可知,此处需要一个过渡句,引出阅读如何帮助减少压力,G选项“Reading gives you that mental space to occupy yourself with something more interesting.”解释了阅读如何转移注意力,符合上下文逻辑。
15.F 根据本段的小标题“Enhance your Knowledge”可知,本段介绍的阅读有助于提升知识,结合空后的“The importance of reading books is now more than ever”可知,此处强调了现在阅读的重要性,与此相比较的应是过往历史中阅读的重要性,F选项“Since the beginning of civilization,we have grown and developed mentally.”强调了知识从古至今的重要性,与下文提到的阅读的重要性相符。
16.C 根据空前的“One of the great benefits of reading books is that the knowledge you gain from them can never be taken away from you.”可知,通过阅读所得到的知识不会被带走,结合设空所处的位置,此处应是对上文的进一步阐述或总结本段的内容,C选项“Your knowledge will stay with you till the end of time.”与上文的知识永久性相呼应,且与本段的小标题“Enhance your Knowledge”讲述的内容吻合,符合语境。
17.B 根据空前的“From health benefits to getting smarter,there are numerous benefits that regular reading can offer.You can expect to enhance your knowledge about so many things if you just develop this habit of reading books regularly.”可知,该部分对上文内容进行总结,说明了阅读有很多的好处,结合下文的“Once it is assured and once you have a grasp of reading,you will be grateful to yourself for this habit.”可知,一旦养成阅读的习惯,你会为拥有这一习惯感到感激,由此可推断,此空应是鼓励人们开始阅读这一习惯,B项“It might appear boring unless you start.”鼓励人们开始阅读,强调了需要开始阅读才能有收益,符合上下文语境。
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2027北师版高考英语第一轮
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2025湖南邵阳三模)
Literature therapy(疗法),a rising field of study that uses books and literature as a mental healing(治疗) method,is a research-backed solution to anxiety and other mental illnesses.
I was first into literature therapy because it was something that I had experienced in my own life.There is no better excitement than being placed into someone else’s life and discovering your own.By reading stories,we can learn to understand our own emotions—this is the basis of literature therapy.
I was at university when I started looking into literature therapy and realized that it was an actual research-backed solution to mental illness.During that time,I was taking a European literature course and,while discussing the topic with my professor,I was pointed to the story of John Stuart Mill,who was an influential philosopher and writer of the 19th century.In his early twenties,he suffered a mental breakdown.This state of mind left him depressed and completely incapable of work.After months of losing himself in despair(绝望),he finally managed to get out of the darkness.How did he overcome this despair It was a passage of literature from William Wordsworth that eventually freed him from this depression.
John Stuart Mill described this experience in his autobiography:“What made Wordsworth’s poems a medicine for my state of mind was that they expressed not mere outward beauty,but states of feelings and of thoughts coloured by feelings,under the excitement of beauty.They seemed to be the very culture of the feelings,which I was in quest of.From them,I seemed to find a source of inward joy,of sympathetic and imaginative pleasure,which could be shared by all human beings.”
In fact,there are countless examples to be found throughout history,because human experience is universal,and few things connect us better to it than our own stories.
1.What is literature therapy according to the text
A.A strategy for literature reading.
B.A growing field of physical treatment.
C.A solution to backing up mental research.
D.A psychological treatment through reading.
2.What made the author recognize literature therapy
A.William Wordsworth’s poems.
B.Her personal struggle with illness.
C.John Stuart Mill’s experience.
D.Her professor’s research at university.
3.How did Wordsworth’s poetry affect John Stuart Mill
A.It released him from mental suffering.
B.It inspired him to become a philosopher.
C.It motivated him to pursue outward beauty.
D.It helped him continue his academic career.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A.To introduce literature therapy.
B.To share her journey in literature.
C.To honor a poet in European literature.
D.To stress the limitation of literature therapy.
B(2025福建厦门二模)
Snow can be a powerful reminder of childhood snow days—that joyful surprise when another expected day of sitting in school turned into one that was instead filled with snowball fights or skating.But there are also plenty of reasons why snow can appeal to people without that fond nostalgia(怀旧).
Snow quite literally changes our physical experience of the world.For example,freshly fallen snow is porous(多孔的) enough to absorb sound well,making the world quieter.And it plays even more strongly on our sense of sight.One aspect of that visual appeal is the way snow reflects light in the darker months.“A lot of people really struggle with winter darkness as much as they struggle with the cold,” says Leibowitz,who has written a book about mental health in winter.“The brightening effect of the snow,I think,is really powerful.”
Snow changes the very shape of the world people see around them,Leibowitz says,pointing to the way a fresh blanket of it hides and yet reveals the surroundings.“Things that you look at every day suddenly can appear very different,” she says.
In the right conditions,snow can be fascinating.But for certain people,the same weather can become the very opposite:annoying,exhausting or depressing.Leibowitz recommends welcoming changing seasons,taking inspiration from the long nights and cold days—and argues that snow can be a helpful cue to do so.“It’s such a clear visual reminder that we’re in a different season that perhaps it inspires people to respond more adaptively,” she says.
But as climate change continues to unfold,some historically snowy areas will lose the most magical precipitation(降水) and face nothing but cold rain.“There are a lot of places in the world that are right on this borderline where the difference of a couple of degrees of warming is the difference between a white,snowy winter...and a gray,rainy winter,” Leibowitz says.“I think there’s a lot that is lost when we lose the cold and when we lose the snow.”
5.What does the underlined word “one” refer to in paragraph 1
A.A reminder. B.A surprise.
C.A day. D.A snowball.
6.How does snow change our experience of the world
A.By making musical sounds.
B.By increasing the cold of winter.
C.By exercising our sense of sight.
D.By offering a new look of the world.
7.What is Leibowitz’s suggestion to snow haters
A.Searching for visual cues.
B.Ignoring negative emotions.
C.Adjusting to seasonal changes.
D.Cleaning unpleasant surroundings.
8.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A.Express concern for snow loss.
B.Make predictions of climate change.
C.Present reasons for increased rainfall.
D.Summarize consequences of cold rain.
C(2025山东滨州二模)
It was obvious with Pinocchio.Every time he told a lie his nose grew longer.But for the rest of us in real life,the result of telling lies isn’t so evident.Is it possible that there are unseen consequences to dishonesty
Since lies are carried by speech,and speech originates in the brain,is it possible that telling lies results in changes in the brain that are not outwardly observable Psychologists Julia Lee and Ashley Hardin wanted to find out.
Drs.Lee and Hardin set up a series of studies to explore the question of dishonesty,with 250 pairs of individuals.In each pair,one was assigned the task of either lying or telling the truth.The other member of the pair was instructed to evaluate the emotions of the lying or truth-telling partner.Each of the partners was then assigned the task of evaluating the emotions of the other partner.
The research found that subjects who were asked to be dishonest were significantly worse at detecting the emotional state of their partners than those who told the truth.Surprisingly,the small,seemingly unimportant moments of dishonesty clouded an individual’s ability to read the emotions of another individual later on.
To determine how well the participants could read other people’s emotions,the researchers then had the subjects watch a series of short video clips.In the clips,actors expressed a wide range of emotions in their facial expressions,voices,and body language.The participants were then asked to identify the emotional state of the actors.Once again,across all the experimental studies,the researchers consistently found that those who were tempted to lie,and likely did so,ended up performing worse on the test of empathetic accuracy than those who didn’t lie.
We live in a world where businesses,social life,and personal relationships depend on the ability of individuals to interact well with other people.And to interact with them we often need to be able to determine their emotions.As most of us learned in kindergarten,it’s important to tell the truth!
9.What is the purpose of the studies
A.To explain the Pinocchio Effect.
B.To explore the motive for lying.
C.To teach people how to detect lies.
D.To test if lying causes brain changes.
10.What were the participants asked to do in the studies
A.To make faces.
B.To learn body languages.
C.To rate others’ performances.
D.To identify different emotions.
11.What does the underlined word “clouded” in paragraph 4 most probably mean
A.Cleared. B.Improved.
C.Weakened. D.Monitored.
12.What is the last paragraph mainly about
A.The necessity of being honest.
B.The application of the study.
C.The reasons for telling lies.
D.The complexity of social interaction.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025湖北八市二模)
In our daily life,we have been so preoccupied with social media and the Internet that hardly anyone considers reading books.However,there are many benefits to reading,from making you smarter to improving your reading and writing skills.Then we have enlisted the top several benefits here.
Stimulate your brain
When you read every day,you stimulate your mental activity.Studies show one of the prime benefits of reading books is slowing down mental disorders.It happens since reading stimulates the brain and keeps it active,which allows it to maintain its power and capacity.Every part of our body needs exercise to stay healthy. 13
Reduce your stress
Everyday concerns will keep bothering you unless you do something to distract your mind. 14 When you read a great story,all your stress seems to slip away and relax you since you tend to travel mentally in a different area.
Enhance your Knowledge
15 The importance of reading books is now more than ever since not everything is available in digitalized form.There are numerous ways to learn more about life,from self-help books to fictions.One of the great benefits of reading books is that the knowledge you gain from them can never be taken away from you. 16
From health benefits to getting smarter,there are numerous benefits that regular reading can offer.You can expect to enhance your knowledge about so many things if you just develop this habit of reading books regularly. 17 Once it is assured and once you have a grasp of reading,you will be grateful to yourself for this habit.
A.The same goes for our brain.
B.It might appear boring unless you start.
C.Your knowledge will stay with you till the end of time.
D.Playing games like solving puzzles results in cognitive stimulation.
E.While some may be too busy to read,others merely don’t care to read.
F.Since the beginning of civilization,we have grown and developed mentally.
G.Reading gives you that mental space to occupy yourself with something more interesting.
参考答案
UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE(一)
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了文学疗法这一新兴研究领域,即利用书籍和文学作为心理治疗方法来应对焦虑和其他精神疾病。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Literature therapy,a rising field of study that uses books and literature as a mental healing method,is a research-backed solution to anxiety and other mental illnesses.”和第二段中的“By reading stories,we can learn to understand our own emotions—this is the basis of literature therapy.”可知,文学疗法是通过阅读进行心理治疗。故选D项。
2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,John Stuart Mill的经历让作者认识到了文学疗法。
3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“How did he overcome this despair It was a passage of literature from William Wordsworth that eventually freed him from this depression.”可知,Wordsworth的诗歌使John Stuart Mill摆脱了精神上的痛苦。
4.A 推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第一段内容可知,本文主要讲述了文学疗法这一新兴研究领域,即利用书籍和文学作为心理治疗方法来应对焦虑和其他精神疾病,因此本文的目的是介绍文学疗法。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了雪能唤起人们对童年的回忆,改变人们对世界的体验,还建议人们适应季节变化,同时表达了对因气候变化雪减少的担忧。
5.C 词句猜测题。根据画线词所在部分“when another expected day of sitting in school turned into one that was instead filled with snowball fights or skating”可知,one是代词,与“another expected day”词义相关,结合其后定语从句“that was instead filled with snowball fights or skating”可推知,指的是“被打雪仗或滑冰排满的一天”,即a day。
6.D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Snow quite literally changes our physical experience of the world.For example,freshly fallen snow is porous enough to absorb sound well,making the world quieter.And it plays even more strongly on our sense of sight.One aspect of that visual appeal is the way snow reflects light in the darker months.”可知,雪改变了我们对世界的物理体验,即通过呈现世界的新面貌改变了我们对世界的体验。故选D项。
7.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In the right conditions,snow can be fascinating.But for certain people,the same weather can become the very opposite:annoying,exhausting or depressing.Leibowitz recommends welcoming changing seasons,taking inspiration from the long nights and cold days—and argues that snow can be a helpful cue to do so.”可知,Leibowitz给讨厌雪的人的建议是去适应季节变化。
8.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But as climate change continues to unfold,some historically snowy areas will lose the most magical precipitation and face nothing but cold rain.”和“I think there’s a lot that is lost when we lose the cold and when we lose the snow.”可推知,作者在最后一段表达了对雪减少的担忧。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了心理学家Julia Lee和Ashley Hardin开展的研究,旨在探究说谎是否会导致大脑变化。研究发现说谎会削弱识别他人情绪的能力,强调了诚实的重要性。
9.D 细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,研究的目的是测试说谎是否会导致大脑变化。
10.D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“To determine how well the participants could read other people’s emotions,the researchers then had the subjects watch a series of short video clips.In the clips,actors expressed a wide range of emotions in their facial expressions,voices,and body language.The participants were then asked to identify the emotional state of the actors.”可知,参与者在研究中被要求识别不同的情绪。
11.C 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“The research found that subjects who were asked to be dishonest were significantly worse at detecting the emotional state of their partners than those who told the truth.”可知,说谎会削弱一个人解读他人情绪状态的能力。所以画线词所在句“Surprisingly,the small,seemingly unimportant moments of dishonesty clouded an individual’s ability to read the emotions of another individual later on.”中“clouded”的意思是“削弱”,与C项“Weakened”同义。
12.A 主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容可知,最后一段主要讲了诚实的必要性。故选A项。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是阅读的几个好处:刺激大脑、减少压力和提升知识。
13.A 根据本段的小标题“Stimulate your brain”可知,本段介绍的是阅读能刺激大脑,结合空前的“Every part of our body needs exercise to stay healthy.”可知,我们的身体的每一部分都需要通过锻炼来保持健康,结合空格所处的位置可知,此处应是总结该部分,A选项“The same goes for our brain.”与上文提到的身体其他部分需要锻炼,大脑也需要锻炼的逻辑一致。
14.G 根据本段的小标题“Reduce your stress”可知,本段介绍的是阅读能帮助减少压力,结合空前的“Everyday concerns will keep bothering you unless you do something to distract your mind.”以及空后的“When you read a great story,all your stress seems to slip away and relax you since you tend to travel mentally in a different area.”可知,此处需要一个过渡句,引出阅读如何帮助减少压力,G选项“Reading gives you that mental space to occupy yourself with something more interesting.”解释了阅读如何转移注意力,符合上下文逻辑。
15.F 根据本段的小标题“Enhance your Knowledge”可知,本段介绍的阅读有助于提升知识,结合空后的“The importance of reading books is now more than ever”可知,此处强调了现在阅读的重要性,与此相比较的应是过往历史中阅读的重要性,F选项“Since the beginning of civilization,we have grown and developed mentally.”强调了知识从古至今的重要性,与下文提到的阅读的重要性相符。
16.C 根据空前的“One of the great benefits of reading books is that the knowledge you gain from them can never be taken away from you.”可知,通过阅读所得到的知识不会被带走,结合设空所处的位置,此处应是对上文的进一步阐述或总结本段的内容,C选项“Your knowledge will stay with you till the end of time.”与上文的知识永久性相呼应,且与本段的小标题“Enhance your Knowledge”讲述的内容吻合,符合语境。
17.B 根据空前的“From health benefits to getting smarter,there are numerous benefits that regular reading can offer.You can expect to enhance your knowledge about so many things if you just develop this habit of reading books regularly.”可知,该部分对上文内容进行总结,说明了阅读有很多的好处,结合下文的“Once it is assured and once you have a grasp of reading,you will be grateful to yourself for this habit.”可知,一旦养成阅读的习惯,你会为拥有这一习惯感到感激,由此可推断,此空应是鼓励人们开始阅读这一习惯,B项“It might appear boring unless you start.”鼓励人们开始阅读,强调了需要开始阅读才能有收益,符合上下文语境。
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