选择性必修第1册 UNIT 2 SUCCESS提高练--2027北师版高考英语第一轮(含答案与解析)
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| 名称 | 选择性必修第1册 UNIT 2 SUCCESS提高练--2027北师版高考英语第一轮(含答案与解析) |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 北师大版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-26 00:00:00 | ||
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
2027北师版高考英语第一轮
UNIT 2 SUCCESS(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2026浙江1月卷)
Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change.Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems.This optimization(优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage.
To design these climate-saving plants,the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP—an AI software that tracks multiple features of root growth.Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira,SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab.Now,Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants.
In a study published in Plant Phenomics,Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to analyze plant root phenotypes—how deep and wide they grow,how massive their root systems become,and other physical qualities.Prior to SLEAP,tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of labor that slowed the scientific process.SLEAP uses computer vision(the ability for computers to understand images) and deep learning(an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help researchers process images much more quickly.
The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog(目录) of plant root phenotypes to date.What’s more,tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes(基因) associated with those characteristics,as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently.This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs.
“Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful,” says Pereira.“We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines—we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.”
1.What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve
A.Keeping more carbon in plants.
B.Optimizing the use of energy.
C.Enhancing biological diversity.
D.Reducing carbon absorption.
2.Why did Pereira create SLEAP
A.To generate plant images.
B.To conduct research on animals.
C.To study climate patterns.
D.To track features of root growth.
3.What will SLEAP help the scientists do
A.Pick out diseased plants in the forest.
B.Collect samples of plant root systems.
C.Identify genes for desirable plant roots.
D.Preserve the genes of endangered plants.
4.What can be inferred from Pereira’s words
A.Academic disciplines are of equal importance.
B.Computer programming is a must for scientists.
C.Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity.
D.Cooperation outweighs competition in research.
B(2025江西新余二模)
We all know cacti(仙人掌) store water—but to survive,they also adjust their flower positions to gain more sunlight or shade,and so much more.Scientists have been copying the resilient plants’ methods to help engineer our future.
One of the most exciting advancements involves Copiapoa,a genus of cacti with at least 32 species found in the coastal Atacama Desert,the driest nonpolar desert on Earth.These cacti,typically five to six inches wide,can form gray-green bushes that spread out over an area otherwise empty of vegetation.
Documented by many scientists,the Copiapoa probably survives by “drinking” the salty fog that sweeps in from the sea every morning,as well as the dew—tiny bits of water—that forms on their spines(尖刺) and skin.This has inspired researcher Tegwen Malik from Swansea University to think about whether the dew-collecting process might be reproduced in metal structures.
Specifically,Malik took a close look at the one-and-a-quarter-inch spines of the Copiapoa and found that their surfaces have a series of tiny channels that broaden at the base.“This creates a surface roughness gradient that enables dew droplets to move along the spines even against gravity,” she says.
Starting in 2013,she set out to recreate that structure by engineering a flat metal reproduction of the stem and spines of the Copiapoa,which she began testing under a series of different temperatures and humidities.After several years of experiments—testing indoor and outdoor conditions,and with various cooling methods—she finally got it to work.In 2023,Malik published a study showing that the irregular surface was 8 percent more efficient at harvesting dew than a flat sheet used as a baseline.
Malik imagines desert homes with water-collecting features to provide clean water in dry regions.“The easiest way could be to place dew-harvesting surfaces on roofs,but you could also have these structures in tents in the desert,” she says.“We truly have hidden treasures in the Copiapoa,and we are only just learning some of their secrets.”
5.What does the underlined word “resilient” mean in paragraph 1
A.Highly adaptable to different soils.
B.Able to grow quickly and efficiently.
C.Resistant to diseases and harmful insects.
D.Capable of surviving difficult conditions.
6.What drove Tegwen Malik to study the Copiapoa
A.Its metal-like surface.
B.Its mechanism to gather water.
C.Its typical appearance.
D.Its ability to form water drops.
7.What was the main focus of Malik’s experiment with the Copiapoa
A.Recreating a flat metal copy of it.
B.Testing if its metal copy would work.
C.Seeing how it survives various climates.
D.Finding the most efficient cooling method for it.
8.How may Malik’s metal structure be applied
A.To secure water supply in dry areas.
B.To clean salty water in desert homes.
C.To enable desert explorers to travel light.
D.To improve ways to discover hidden treasures.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025四川巴中二模)
When I studied in my high school,I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant.That experiment made me 9 that science teaches us the domino effect(多米诺效应) in the environment.It teaches people our 10 ,so we know where we are from.That day,I 11 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.Ever since that day,I have studied harder, 12 in all my science-related subjects.After school,I do much research on how I can become a(n) 13 scientist in the future.
One of my 14 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock.She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.At 25,she already had her PhD in botany,and after that,she started her 15 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics(玉米细胞遗传学).She was 16 to that research for the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the 17 to achieve my ambition as a scientist,I want to be like Dr.McClintock.She 18 something that helped other scientists 19 genetics—something that benefited not just her generation but also future generations.
I know I will be able to achieve my 20 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it.If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal,I will share my 21 with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists.My future will be as 22 as the stars in the night sky.My future is still far,but I will make the most of all in the 23 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist.
9.A.recognize B.suspect
C.treasure D.wonder
10.A.roots B.school
C.study D.development
11.A.lazily B.easily
C.resolutely D.partly
12.A.potentially B.particularly
C.separately D.suitably
13.A.popular B.content
C.outstanding D.careful
14.A.persuasions B.creations
C.generations D.inspirations
15.A.experience B.career
C.science D.compliment
16.A.addicted B.dedicated
C.attached D.linked
17.A.freedom B.reason
C.opportunity D.privilege
18.A.scheduled B.heard
C.predicted D.discovered
19.A.figure out B.head out
C.carry out D.stand out
20.A.reward B.fame
C.platform D.ambition
21.A.determination B.information
C.fortune D.brightness
22.A.qualified B.shining
C.brave D.proud
23.A.mind B.lecture
C.heart D.present
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025河北承德二模)
Sugar painting is a traditional Chinese folk art with a long history dating back hundreds of years.It was part of popular street culture back 24. the old days.Although much less common nowadays,you’ll still find it at temple fairs,in some parks and at some shops.
The paintings 25. (make) from boiling sugar,and the first key is to control the temperature properly.If the temperature is too high,the syrup(糖浆) will be too 26.(water) to shape;if the temperature is too low,the syrup will become hard and difficult to stretch.The hot sugar syrup is drizzled(洒落) onto a board in the 27. (desire) pattern,and then it becomes solid as the temperature cools,which means that another key part of making perfect sugar paintings 28. (be) speed!Sugar painting should be done 29. (smooth) in one continuous stream,and there can’t be any breaks in 30. painting process.The most popular patterns are dragons,phoenixes and the 12 Chinese zodiac signs.However,the folk artists are also able to paint all kinds of animals and flowers.
Sugar painting can be traced back to the Ming Dynasty,when people used syrup 31. (cast) statues of Buddha(佛) figures.In the Qing Dynasty,sugar painting was gradually simplified and enjoyed wider 32. (popular).Sellers created various patterns 33. represented good luck and fortune,and the treat soon became a popular snack for children.
参考答案
UNIT 2 SUCCESS(二)
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家利用一款名为SLEAP的人工智能工具快速解析植物根系特征,以增加碳储存并应对气候变化。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of...and extend the duration of its storage.”可知,Salk Institute的科学家希望增强植物根系以储存更多碳并延长储存时间。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira,SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab.”可知,Pereira最初开发SLEAP是为了追踪实验室里的动物的运动,即用于动物实验研究。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What’s more,tracking these physical root system...are most beneficial to their plant designs.”可知,通过SLEAP分析根系特征,科学家可以找到与这些特征相关的基因,进而确定哪些基因对设计理想植物最有帮助。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines—we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.”可知,Pereira强调他们并非简单“借用”不同学科,而是真正将不同学科放在平等地位,创造出超越各学科简单相加的成果。这暗示跨学科合作能激发更大的创造力与影响力。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家受仙人掌启发,研发出了可以在干旱地区收集露水的金属结构,为干旱地区提供清洁水源。
5.D 词句猜测题。根据第一段“We all know cacti store water—but to survive,they also adjust their flower positions to gain more sunlight or shade,and so much more.Scientists have been copying the resilient plants’ methods to help engineer our future.”可知,画线词修饰的plants指代的是cacti,这种植物能在干旱的沙漠中生存下来,所以推断resilient的意思是“能在困难环境中生存下来的”。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段“Documented by many scientists,the Copiapoa probably survives by ‘drinking’ the salty fog that sweeps in from the sea every morning,as well as the dew—tiny bits of water—that forms on their spines and skin.This has inspired researcher Tegwen Malik from Swansea University to think about whether the dew-collecting process might be reproduced in metal structures.”可知,是仙人掌收集水分的机制启发了Tegwen Malik去研究它。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Starting in 2013,she set out to recreate that structure by engineering a flat metal reproduction of the stem and spines of the Copiapoa,which she began testing under a series of different temperatures and humidities.”以及“In 2023,Malik published a study showing that the irregular surface was 8 percent more efficient at harvesting dew than a flat sheet used as a baseline.”可知,Malik关于Copiapoa的实验重点是测试它的金属复制品是否有效。
8.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Malik imagines desert homes with water-collecting features to provide clean water in dry regions.”可知,Malik的金属结构可能被应用于确保干旱地区的水供应。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因高中的科学实验立志成为科学家,以芭芭拉·麦克林托克为榜样,决心努力实现理想。
9.A 根据上文的“When I studied in my high school,I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant.”以及下文的“science teaches us the domino effect”可知,这个实验使作者“认识到”科学揭示的规律。
10.A 根据下文的“so we know where we are from”可知,科学让人了解我们的“根源”。
11.C 根据下文的“my greatest ambition”以及“Ever since that day,I have studied harder, in all my science-related subjects.”可知,作者从那以后开始努力学习,尤其是在所有与科学相关的学科上,由此可推知,此处指的是作者“坚决地”立下志向。
12.B 根据上文的“That day,I decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.”可知,作者把成为一名科学家定为一生中最大的抱负,结合下文的“in all my science-related subjects”可知,作者在学习上“尤其”侧重与科学相关的学科。
13.C 根据语境和上文的“After school,I do much research”可知,作者立志成为一名科学家,努力学习所有与科学相关的学科,为此还进行一些调查研究,由此可推知,此处指的是作者希望成为“杰出的”科学家。
14.D 根据下文的“Barbara McClintock”以及“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知,这位科学家是启发作者成为一名科学家的“灵感来源”之一。
15.B 根据上文的“At 25,she already had her PhD in botany”可知,她在25岁博士毕业,结合下文的“as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics”可知,她成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者,由此可知,此处指的是她获得博士学位后开启“职业生涯”。
16.B 根据下文的“for the rest of her life”可知,她一生“专注于”研究。
17.C 根据上文的“If I am lucky”以及下文的“I want to be like Dr.McClintock”可知,作者认为如果幸运的话,自己要成为像麦克林托克博士那样的人,由此可知,此处指的是作者希望获得实现理想的“机会”。
18.D 根据上文提到她被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖以及下文的“that helped other scientists genetics—something that benefited not just her generation but also future generations”可知,此处介绍了一些能帮助其他科学家弄清楚遗传学相关知识的东西,此处指的是她“发现”了科学成果。
19.A 根据下文的“something that benefited not just her generation but also future generations”可知,她的发现不仅对她这一代人有益,也对后代有益,结合下文的“genetics”可推知,此处指的是她的发现可以帮助科学家们“弄清楚”遗传学问题。
20.D 根据上文的“If I am lucky and given the to achieve my ambition as a scientist,I want to be like Dr.McClintock.”可知,作者认为自己只要用心和坚持,应该可以实现自己的“抱负”。
21.C 根据语境和上文的“If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal”以及下文的“who also love science and want to become scientists”可知,作者认为如果自己有幸实现目标,就会与那些热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们分享自己的“财富”,即成功的收获。
22.B 根据常识和下文的“stars in the night sky”可知,此处指的是未来如星辰般“闪耀”。
23.D 根据上文的“My future is still far”可知,作者认为自己的未来还很遥远,结合上文的“but”可知,此处指的是作者要把握“现在”。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统民间艺术——糖画,包括其历史、制作过程、流行图案以及其发展演变历程。
24.in 考查介词。短语in the old days意为“在过去”,故填in。
25.are made 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子主语The paintings与谓语动词make之间是被动关系,且句子描述的是一般情况,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为复数形式,故填are made。
26.watery 考查词性转换。空处需要用形容词作表语,表示属性,故填watery。
27.desired 考查词性转换。空处需要用形容词作定语,修饰名词pattern,故填desired。
28.is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语“another key part of making perfect sugar paintings”是第三人称单数,且句子描述的是一般情况,所以谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式,故填is。
29.smoothly 考查词性转换。空处需要用副词作状语,修饰动词,故填smoothly。
30.the 考查冠词。根据下文“painting process”可知,此处特指制作糖画的过程,所以应用定冠词the,故填the。
31.to cast 考查非谓语动词。空处在句子中作状语,表示目的,应用动词不定式,故填to cast。
32.popularity 考查词性转换。空处需要用名词作宾语,故填popularity。
33.that/which 考查定语从句。本句为包含定语从句的复合句,先行词是patterns,指物,关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语,故填that/which。
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2027北师版高考英语第一轮
UNIT 2 SUCCESS(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(2026浙江1月卷)
Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change.Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems.This optimization(优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage.
To design these climate-saving plants,the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP—an AI software that tracks multiple features of root growth.Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira,SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab.Now,Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang Busch to apply SLEAP to plants.
In a study published in Plant Phenomics,Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to analyze plant root phenotypes—how deep and wide they grow,how massive their root systems become,and other physical qualities.Prior to SLEAP,tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of labor that slowed the scientific process.SLEAP uses computer vision(the ability for computers to understand images) and deep learning(an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help researchers process images much more quickly.
The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog(目录) of plant root phenotypes to date.What’s more,tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists find genes(基因) associated with those characteristics,as well as whether multiple root characteristics are determined by the same genes or independently.This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most beneficial to their plant designs.
“Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful,” says Pereira.“We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines—we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.”
1.What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve
A.Keeping more carbon in plants.
B.Optimizing the use of energy.
C.Enhancing biological diversity.
D.Reducing carbon absorption.
2.Why did Pereira create SLEAP
A.To generate plant images.
B.To conduct research on animals.
C.To study climate patterns.
D.To track features of root growth.
3.What will SLEAP help the scientists do
A.Pick out diseased plants in the forest.
B.Collect samples of plant root systems.
C.Identify genes for desirable plant roots.
D.Preserve the genes of endangered plants.
4.What can be inferred from Pereira’s words
A.Academic disciplines are of equal importance.
B.Computer programming is a must for scientists.
C.Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity.
D.Cooperation outweighs competition in research.
B(2025江西新余二模)
We all know cacti(仙人掌) store water—but to survive,they also adjust their flower positions to gain more sunlight or shade,and so much more.Scientists have been copying the resilient plants’ methods to help engineer our future.
One of the most exciting advancements involves Copiapoa,a genus of cacti with at least 32 species found in the coastal Atacama Desert,the driest nonpolar desert on Earth.These cacti,typically five to six inches wide,can form gray-green bushes that spread out over an area otherwise empty of vegetation.
Documented by many scientists,the Copiapoa probably survives by “drinking” the salty fog that sweeps in from the sea every morning,as well as the dew—tiny bits of water—that forms on their spines(尖刺) and skin.This has inspired researcher Tegwen Malik from Swansea University to think about whether the dew-collecting process might be reproduced in metal structures.
Specifically,Malik took a close look at the one-and-a-quarter-inch spines of the Copiapoa and found that their surfaces have a series of tiny channels that broaden at the base.“This creates a surface roughness gradient that enables dew droplets to move along the spines even against gravity,” she says.
Starting in 2013,she set out to recreate that structure by engineering a flat metal reproduction of the stem and spines of the Copiapoa,which she began testing under a series of different temperatures and humidities.After several years of experiments—testing indoor and outdoor conditions,and with various cooling methods—she finally got it to work.In 2023,Malik published a study showing that the irregular surface was 8 percent more efficient at harvesting dew than a flat sheet used as a baseline.
Malik imagines desert homes with water-collecting features to provide clean water in dry regions.“The easiest way could be to place dew-harvesting surfaces on roofs,but you could also have these structures in tents in the desert,” she says.“We truly have hidden treasures in the Copiapoa,and we are only just learning some of their secrets.”
5.What does the underlined word “resilient” mean in paragraph 1
A.Highly adaptable to different soils.
B.Able to grow quickly and efficiently.
C.Resistant to diseases and harmful insects.
D.Capable of surviving difficult conditions.
6.What drove Tegwen Malik to study the Copiapoa
A.Its metal-like surface.
B.Its mechanism to gather water.
C.Its typical appearance.
D.Its ability to form water drops.
7.What was the main focus of Malik’s experiment with the Copiapoa
A.Recreating a flat metal copy of it.
B.Testing if its metal copy would work.
C.Seeing how it survives various climates.
D.Finding the most efficient cooling method for it.
8.How may Malik’s metal structure be applied
A.To secure water supply in dry areas.
B.To clean salty water in desert homes.
C.To enable desert explorers to travel light.
D.To improve ways to discover hidden treasures.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025四川巴中二模)
When I studied in my high school,I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant.That experiment made me 9 that science teaches us the domino effect(多米诺效应) in the environment.It teaches people our 10 ,so we know where we are from.That day,I 11 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.Ever since that day,I have studied harder, 12 in all my science-related subjects.After school,I do much research on how I can become a(n) 13 scientist in the future.
One of my 14 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock.She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.At 25,she already had her PhD in botany,and after that,she started her 15 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics(玉米细胞遗传学).She was 16 to that research for the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the 17 to achieve my ambition as a scientist,I want to be like Dr.McClintock.She 18 something that helped other scientists 19 genetics—something that benefited not just her generation but also future generations.
I know I will be able to achieve my 20 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it.If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal,I will share my 21 with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists.My future will be as 22 as the stars in the night sky.My future is still far,but I will make the most of all in the 23 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist.
9.A.recognize B.suspect
C.treasure D.wonder
10.A.roots B.school
C.study D.development
11.A.lazily B.easily
C.resolutely D.partly
12.A.potentially B.particularly
C.separately D.suitably
13.A.popular B.content
C.outstanding D.careful
14.A.persuasions B.creations
C.generations D.inspirations
15.A.experience B.career
C.science D.compliment
16.A.addicted B.dedicated
C.attached D.linked
17.A.freedom B.reason
C.opportunity D.privilege
18.A.scheduled B.heard
C.predicted D.discovered
19.A.figure out B.head out
C.carry out D.stand out
20.A.reward B.fame
C.platform D.ambition
21.A.determination B.information
C.fortune D.brightness
22.A.qualified B.shining
C.brave D.proud
23.A.mind B.lecture
C.heart D.present
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025河北承德二模)
Sugar painting is a traditional Chinese folk art with a long history dating back hundreds of years.It was part of popular street culture back 24. the old days.Although much less common nowadays,you’ll still find it at temple fairs,in some parks and at some shops.
The paintings 25. (make) from boiling sugar,and the first key is to control the temperature properly.If the temperature is too high,the syrup(糖浆) will be too 26.(water) to shape;if the temperature is too low,the syrup will become hard and difficult to stretch.The hot sugar syrup is drizzled(洒落) onto a board in the 27. (desire) pattern,and then it becomes solid as the temperature cools,which means that another key part of making perfect sugar paintings 28. (be) speed!Sugar painting should be done 29. (smooth) in one continuous stream,and there can’t be any breaks in 30. painting process.The most popular patterns are dragons,phoenixes and the 12 Chinese zodiac signs.However,the folk artists are also able to paint all kinds of animals and flowers.
Sugar painting can be traced back to the Ming Dynasty,when people used syrup 31. (cast) statues of Buddha(佛) figures.In the Qing Dynasty,sugar painting was gradually simplified and enjoyed wider 32. (popular).Sellers created various patterns 33. represented good luck and fortune,and the treat soon became a popular snack for children.
参考答案
UNIT 2 SUCCESS(二)
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家利用一款名为SLEAP的人工智能工具快速解析植物根系特征,以增加碳储存并应对气候变化。
1.A 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of...and extend the duration of its storage.”可知,Salk Institute的科学家希望增强植物根系以储存更多碳并延长储存时间。
2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira,SLEAP was initially designed to track animal movement in the lab.”可知,Pereira最初开发SLEAP是为了追踪实验室里的动物的运动,即用于动物实验研究。
3.C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What’s more,tracking these physical root system...are most beneficial to their plant designs.”可知,通过SLEAP分析根系特征,科学家可以找到与这些特征相关的基因,进而确定哪些基因对设计理想植物最有帮助。
4.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines—we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts.”可知,Pereira强调他们并非简单“借用”不同学科,而是真正将不同学科放在平等地位,创造出超越各学科简单相加的成果。这暗示跨学科合作能激发更大的创造力与影响力。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家受仙人掌启发,研发出了可以在干旱地区收集露水的金属结构,为干旱地区提供清洁水源。
5.D 词句猜测题。根据第一段“We all know cacti store water—but to survive,they also adjust their flower positions to gain more sunlight or shade,and so much more.Scientists have been copying the resilient plants’ methods to help engineer our future.”可知,画线词修饰的plants指代的是cacti,这种植物能在干旱的沙漠中生存下来,所以推断resilient的意思是“能在困难环境中生存下来的”。
6.B 细节理解题。根据第三段“Documented by many scientists,the Copiapoa probably survives by ‘drinking’ the salty fog that sweeps in from the sea every morning,as well as the dew—tiny bits of water—that forms on their spines and skin.This has inspired researcher Tegwen Malik from Swansea University to think about whether the dew-collecting process might be reproduced in metal structures.”可知,是仙人掌收集水分的机制启发了Tegwen Malik去研究它。
7.B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Starting in 2013,she set out to recreate that structure by engineering a flat metal reproduction of the stem and spines of the Copiapoa,which she began testing under a series of different temperatures and humidities.”以及“In 2023,Malik published a study showing that the irregular surface was 8 percent more efficient at harvesting dew than a flat sheet used as a baseline.”可知,Malik关于Copiapoa的实验重点是测试它的金属复制品是否有效。
8.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Malik imagines desert homes with water-collecting features to provide clean water in dry regions.”可知,Malik的金属结构可能被应用于确保干旱地区的水供应。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因高中的科学实验立志成为科学家,以芭芭拉·麦克林托克为榜样,决心努力实现理想。
9.A 根据上文的“When I studied in my high school,I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant.”以及下文的“science teaches us the domino effect”可知,这个实验使作者“认识到”科学揭示的规律。
10.A 根据下文的“so we know where we are from”可知,科学让人了解我们的“根源”。
11.C 根据下文的“my greatest ambition”以及“Ever since that day,I have studied harder, in all my science-related subjects.”可知,作者从那以后开始努力学习,尤其是在所有与科学相关的学科上,由此可推知,此处指的是作者“坚决地”立下志向。
12.B 根据上文的“That day,I decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.”可知,作者把成为一名科学家定为一生中最大的抱负,结合下文的“in all my science-related subjects”可知,作者在学习上“尤其”侧重与科学相关的学科。
13.C 根据语境和上文的“After school,I do much research”可知,作者立志成为一名科学家,努力学习所有与科学相关的学科,为此还进行一些调查研究,由此可推知,此处指的是作者希望成为“杰出的”科学家。
14.D 根据下文的“Barbara McClintock”以及“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知,这位科学家是启发作者成为一名科学家的“灵感来源”之一。
15.B 根据上文的“At 25,she already had her PhD in botany”可知,她在25岁博士毕业,结合下文的“as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics”可知,她成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者,由此可知,此处指的是她获得博士学位后开启“职业生涯”。
16.B 根据下文的“for the rest of her life”可知,她一生“专注于”研究。
17.C 根据上文的“If I am lucky”以及下文的“I want to be like Dr.McClintock”可知,作者认为如果幸运的话,自己要成为像麦克林托克博士那样的人,由此可知,此处指的是作者希望获得实现理想的“机会”。
18.D 根据上文提到她被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖以及下文的“that helped other scientists genetics—something that benefited not just her generation but also future generations”可知,此处介绍了一些能帮助其他科学家弄清楚遗传学相关知识的东西,此处指的是她“发现”了科学成果。
19.A 根据下文的“something that benefited not just her generation but also future generations”可知,她的发现不仅对她这一代人有益,也对后代有益,结合下文的“genetics”可推知,此处指的是她的发现可以帮助科学家们“弄清楚”遗传学问题。
20.D 根据上文的“If I am lucky and given the to achieve my ambition as a scientist,I want to be like Dr.McClintock.”可知,作者认为自己只要用心和坚持,应该可以实现自己的“抱负”。
21.C 根据语境和上文的“If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal”以及下文的“who also love science and want to become scientists”可知,作者认为如果自己有幸实现目标,就会与那些热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们分享自己的“财富”,即成功的收获。
22.B 根据常识和下文的“stars in the night sky”可知,此处指的是未来如星辰般“闪耀”。
23.D 根据上文的“My future is still far”可知,作者认为自己的未来还很遥远,结合上文的“but”可知,此处指的是作者要把握“现在”。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统民间艺术——糖画,包括其历史、制作过程、流行图案以及其发展演变历程。
24.in 考查介词。短语in the old days意为“在过去”,故填in。
25.are made 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子主语The paintings与谓语动词make之间是被动关系,且句子描述的是一般情况,所以应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为复数形式,故填are made。
26.watery 考查词性转换。空处需要用形容词作表语,表示属性,故填watery。
27.desired 考查词性转换。空处需要用形容词作定语,修饰名词pattern,故填desired。
28.is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语“another key part of making perfect sugar paintings”是第三人称单数,且句子描述的是一般情况,所以谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式,故填is。
29.smoothly 考查词性转换。空处需要用副词作状语,修饰动词,故填smoothly。
30.the 考查冠词。根据下文“painting process”可知,此处特指制作糖画的过程,所以应用定冠词the,故填the。
31.to cast 考查非谓语动词。空处在句子中作状语,表示目的,应用动词不定式,故填to cast。
32.popularity 考查词性转换。空处需要用名词作宾语,故填popularity。
33.that/which 考查定语从句。本句为包含定语从句的复合句,先行词是patterns,指物,关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语,故填that/which。
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