(共99张PPT)
UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
Period Three Using Language
课前自主预习
A．头晕目眩的
B．流感
C．牙科医生
D．滑板；滑滑板
E．充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．The dynamic of the market demands constant change and adjustment.( )
2．To protect yourself, you’d better skateboard with a helmet.( )
3．You should visit your dentist at least twice a year.( )
4．Last week I was stuck at home with flu.( )
5．They danced round in circles until they were dizzy.( )
【答案】1－5 EDCBA
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．stimulation n．激励；兴奋(作用)→________vt.激发；促进；刺激
(参考：liberation→liberate)
2．sugar n．糖→________ adj.含糖的；甜的
(参考：dirt→dirty)
【答案】1.stimulate 2.sugary
3．month n．月→________ adv.& adj.每月；每月一次的 n．月刊
(参考：year→yearly)
4．fresh adj.新鲜的；清新的→________ vt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新
(参考：read→reread)
【答案】3.monthly 4.refresh
Ⅲ.猜短语填空
be worn out, try out, take control of, take part in
1．I attended the summer camp about health and lifestyle last year.
＝I ____________ the summer camp about health and lifestyle last year.
【答案】1.took part in
2．Don’t forget to try using the equipment before setting up the experiment.
＝Don’t forget to____________ the equipment before setting up the experiment.
【答案】2.try out
3．I was extremely tired after walking around a museum all day.
＝I ____________ after walking around a museum all day.
4．You need to stay in control of your emotions.
＝You need to ____________ your emotions.
【答案】3.was worn out 4.take control of
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
( )1.After Wang Lu attended the summer camp，how did she feel
A．She felt energetic.
B．She felt dynamic.
C．She felt sleepy and dizzy.
D．She felt passionate.
【答案】C
( )2.What did Wang Lu do after she made up her mind to eat nothing with sugar
A．She didn’t go out to eat.
B．She brought snacks that didn’t have any added sugar when going out.
C．She only bought sweets once in a while.
D．She made a survey about the dangers of sugar.
【答案】B
( )3.How did George Fielding relax when he felt stressed out after starting high school
A．By exercising.
B．By climbing.
C．By playing computer games.
D．By meeting new friends.
【答案】C
( )4.Why did George Fielding think “It was a big struggle not to join my friends in playing online games”？
A．Because he was too keen on the online games.
B．Because he discouraged his friends.
C．Because he wanted to make new friends.
D．Because he would like to study new game skills.
【答案】A
( )5.What do Wang Lu and George Fielding have in common
A．They are both living an active life now.
B．They are both from wealthy families.
C．They behave well both at home and at school.
D．They don’t want to let down their parents.
【答案】A
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
Wang Lu and George Fielding attended the summer camp 1.________(organise) by the magazine Healthy Life. At the end of the camp, what Wang Lu heard stimulated her 2._______(motivate). She made up her mind 3.________(eat) nothing with sugar and to exercise regularly.
【答案】1.organised 2.motivation 3.to eat
Now she sleeps soundly at night and feels 4.________ (dynamic) than ever.In the meanwhile, George Fielding has changed himself 5.______ the better. He used to get so absorbed in games 6._______ he played the games day and night.
【答案】4.more dynamic 5.for 6.that
However, after the camp, he 7.________(take) control of his life though it was 8.________ big struggle not to play online games. Now he and his dad go rock climbing together 9.________(month). It has enhanced the quality of his life, 10.________(improve) his health and increasing his happiness.Since the two students can successfully get rid of their bad lifestyle, I believe you can as well.
【答案】7.took 8.a 9.monthly 10.improving
课堂新知讲练
1．stimulate vt.激发；促进；刺激
(P20)This stimulated my motivation.
【翻译】这激发了我的动力。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)stimulate one’s interest/motivation/enthusiasm
激发某人的兴趣/动力/热情
stimulate sb to do sth 激励/启发某人做某事
(2)stimulating adj. 饶有趣味的；刺激的
(3)stimulator n．刺激物
(3)stimulation n．刺激；激励；鼓舞
【用法详解】
Success will stimulate the people for fresh efforts.
成功能鼓舞人们去做出新的努力。
Your encouragement will stimulate me to work harder.
你的鼓励会激发我更加努力工作。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)We had a most ____________(stimulate) conversation.
(2)This was a debate that needed no ____________(stimulate).
完成句子
(3)Praise from a teacher always ____________________．
老师的表扬总是会激励学生更加努力。
【答案】(1)stimulating (2)stimulation
(3)stimulates a student to work harder
2．replace vt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处
(P20)I had to replace it with something else.
【翻译】我只好用别的东西来替换它。
(1)replace … with/by… 用……替换；以……接替
be replaced with/by… 被……所替代
replace＝take the place of代替；替代
(2)in one’s place＝in place of 代替
【用法详解】
We can use plastics in place of wood or metal.
我们可用塑料来代替木材或金属。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The boss of the company has decided to replace the workers ________ robots.
(2)Teachers will never ________(replace) by computers in the classroom.
(3)The young man will be ______ place of the old headmaster next week.
【答案】(1)with/by (2)be replaced (3)in
3．pick up捡起；拾起；(偶然)获得/学会；(用车)接；搭载；(精神，健康等)好转；康复；改善；接收(信号等)
(P19)I usually pick up my phone.
【翻译】我通常会拿起电话。
pick off摘下
pick on选择；找碴；责备
pick out选好；选出；认出；看清楚
【用法详解】
The car soon picked up its speed.
这辆汽车很快就加快了速度。
She picks up CNR every evening.
她每天晚上都收听中央人民广播电台。
I’ll pick up my daughter from school.
我要去学校接女儿。
Mr Li picked up Japanese while working in Japan.
李先生在日本工作时学会了日语。
What a mess in your room! You should learn to pick it up!
你的房间真乱！你应该学会把它收拾一下！
After a period of three months, he picked up his health gradually.
经过三个月的时间，他的健康状况逐渐好转了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The old man picked ________ English by teaching himself on the radio.
(2)The farmer picked ________ an apple from the tree and gave it to his child.
【答案】(1)up (2)off
(3)He is always ready to pick ________ his colleagues, so he is not in good terms with them.
(4)Many students of English enjoy picking ________ CGTN.
(5)This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can pick ________ my father.
【答案】 (3)on (4)up (5)out
4．in control of掌控；控制
(P20)I feel like I’m in control of my own life.
【翻译】我觉得我能掌控自己的生活。
get/take/gain control of 控制；掌握
out of control 失去控制(状态)
lose control of 失去对……的控制
under/in the control of 受……的管理/控制
bring/get/keep…under control 控制住……
beyond control 无法控制
【用法详解】
He was drunk and not in control of his body.
他喝醉了，控制不住自己的身体。
My impression is that they are totally out of control.
我的感觉是它们完全失去了控制。
The children were beyond control.
这些孩子不听管束。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)He failed in his attempt to take control ____________ the company.
(2)She used diet and exercise to get her weight ___________ control.
【答案】(1)of (2)under
一句多译
(3)在我的生活中，一切都超出了我的控制范围，好像我被困在无助的漩涡中。
Everything in my life was ________________________ and it seemed as if I were trapped in the whirlpool of helplessness.
→I ______________________ everything in my life and it seemed as if I were trapped in the whirlpool of helplessness.
【答案】(3)beyond my control/out of control; lost control of
5．stressed out焦虑不安；心力交瘁
(P20)After starting high school, I felt stressed out and always relaxed by playing computer games.
【翻译】上高中后，我感到压力很大，总是通过玩电脑游戏来放松。
(1)stress n．压力；紧张 vt.强调；重读
the stress of… ……的压力
under the stress of… 在……的压力下
lay/place stress on… 把重点放在……
(2)stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；重音的；受压的
feel/get stressed out
感到心力交瘁的；感到压力大的
(3)stressful adj. 紧张的；压力大的
【用法详解】
【语境助记】
Under the stress of the public，he stressed out.So he wanted to change the stressful situation and he placed the stress on solving the basic problems of the public.
在公众的压力下，他焦虑不安。所以他想改变这种紧张的局面，于是他把重点放在解决公众的基本问题上。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Knowing that you are a bit at a loss and feel ______(stress) for your senior high school life，I hope I can offer some tips.
(2)The tree could not bear up ________ the stress of heavy snow.
【答案】(1)stressed (2)under
完成句子
(3)He laid some special ________________ the particularity of the contradiction.
他特别着重分析了矛盾的特殊性。
【答案】 (3)stress on analysing
6．worn out筋疲力尽的；疲惫的
(P20)Playing was fun, but I felt even more worn out afterwards!
【翻译】玩是有趣的，但我觉得之后更累了！
(1)(be) worn out 疲倦的；困乏的；磨损的；破烂的
(2)wear sb out使某人疲倦/困乏
wear sth out磨损某物
【用法详解】
My shoes are worn out.
我的鞋子破了。
She is worn out after work.
下班后，她困乏极了。
Cleaning the house worn her out.
打扫房子让她疲惫不堪。
Dripping water wears out the stone.
水滴石穿。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)The housework __________________________ every day.
家务活让她每天疲惫不堪。
(2)The mother always complains that children ____________ their shoes very quickly.
妈妈总是抱怨孩子们很快就把鞋子穿坏了。
(3)I never expected the shoes ________________ so soon.
我从来没想到鞋子这么快就穿破了。
【答案】(1)wears her out (2)wear out (3)to be worn out
1．(P19)A five-minute walk is so easy that it is hard to say no!
【翻译】五分钟的步行是如此容易，以至于很难说不！
【句式剖析】
本句中的“so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，在句中引导结果状语从句。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)so…that…句型的基本结构：
(2)such…that…句型的基本结构：
Keeping a learning diary every day is so important that I would like to introduce it to you.
每天写学习日记非常重要，我想把它介绍给你。
【名师点津】
so…that…与so that的用法比较：
短语 用法
so…that… 意为“如此……以至于……”，so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。常用结构为：so＋adj.(＋a/an＋可数名词单数)＋that…或so＋adv.＋that…
短语 用法
so that 既可引导结果状语从句，又可引导目的状语从句；引导结果状语从句时，意为“因此”，常用逗号隔开，而且不与情态动词连用；引导目的状语从句时，意为“以便；目的是”，从句中常使用can/could/may/might等，此时so that可用 in order that代替
He hurried to the station so that he could catch the early bus.(表目的)
他匆忙赶到车站，以便赶上早班车。
He hurried to the station so that he caught the early bus.(表结果)
他匆忙赶到车站，结果赶上了早班车。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)I often told my mum to drive more slowly, so ________ I could read all of the road signs we passed.
(2)On our way to the house, it was raining so ________(heavy) that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take to get there.
【答案】(1)that (2)heavily
完成句子
(3)There were ______________________ I didn’t know which one to choose.
书店里有这么多书，我不知道该选哪一本。
(4)Dalian is ________________________________________ lots of tourists visit the city every year.
大连是一个很有吸引力的地方，每年都有很多游客来这里旅游。
【答案】(3)so many books in the bookstore that
(4)such an attractive place that
2．(P20)After I attended your summer camp about health and lifestyle choices, I realised I hardly ever felt well, either physically or mentally.
【翻译】在参加了你们关于健康和生活方式选择的夏令营之后，我意识到身体和精神上几乎从未感觉健康过。
【句式剖析】
在本句中，“either…or…”连接两个并列的副词physically和mentally。这两个副词一起在句中修饰前面的形容词well。
【归纳拓展】
either…or…主要用于表示选择，意为“要么……要么……；不是……就是……”。在使用either…or…时，应注意如下几点：
(1)用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语。
Today，you have the choice to either confront your fears and step out of your comfort zone，or stay stagnant and miss out on potential growth and opportunities.
今天，你可以选择面对你的恐惧，走出你的舒适区，或者停滞不前，错过潜在的成长和机会。
(2)连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。
Either you or I am to clean the house.
你或我必须有人打扫房子。
(3)除连接两个词或短语外，有时也可连接两个句子。
Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.
要么你改进工作，要么我就辞退你。
(4)否定式可以是not either…or…，也可以是neither…nor…。
He didn’t either write or phone.
＝He neither wrote nor phoned.
他既没写信又没打电话。
【名师点津】
由“either…or…”连接两个主语时，谓语动词与邻近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。有类似用法的还有：neither…nor…，not only…but also…，not…but…，or…，there be…句型等。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Not only Tom but also his classmates __________________ ___________________________.
不仅汤姆而且他的同学都要来参观博物馆。
(2)He can ______________________________________．
他要么为自己的错误道歉，要么承担后果。
【答案】(1)are coming to visit the museum
(2)either apologise for his mistake or take the consequences
(3)____________________________ satisfied with the result of the experiment.
我和他对这个实验结果都不满意。
【答案】(3)Neither he nor I am
3．(P20)After that I stopped buying all the sweets, biscuits, and sugary drinks that I used to have every day.
【翻译】 从那以后，我不再买以前每天都吃的糖果、饼干和含糖饮料。
【句式剖析】
used to have意为“过去经常吃”。
【归纳拓展】
used to…意为“过去常常……”，表示在过去一段时间内一直保持的习惯或状态。
be used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事
＝be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事
be used to do sth 被用来做某事
be used for sth/doing sth被用于(做)某事
be used as…被用作……
I am not used to getting up early.
我不习惯早起。
A knife is used for cutting things.
刀子是用来切割东西的。
English is used as a working language.
英语被用作一种工作语言。
【名师点津】
含有used to的句子的否定式和疑问式有两种形式：
主语＋didn’t use to…/主语＋usedn’t to…
Did＋主语＋use to do…？/Used＋主语＋to do…？
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The space underneath could be used _______ a storage area.
(2)I was accustomed to ________(be) the only child at a table full of adults.
(3)I used ________(have) a companion to that ornament, but I broke it.
(4)The money will be used ________ the upkeep of the park.
【答案】(1)as (2)being (3)to have (4)for
完成句子
(5)My father __________________________，
but now he doesn’t.
我父亲以前常抽烟，但现在不抽了。
(6)I’m not used ____________________ so much at night.
我不习惯晚饭吃那么多。
(7)These dry branches are used _____________________．
这些干树枝是用来生火的。
【答案】(5)used to smoke (6)to eating
(7)for making/to make fire
课后进阶专练
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I felt________(头晕目眩的) when I looked down from the top of the television tower.
2．I have an appointment with my ___________(牙医) this afternoon.
3．I am very happy to join this young and ________(充满活力的) team.
【答案】1.dizzy 2.dentist 3.dynamic
4．To_______(使恢复精力) themselves, the employees in the computer company usually drink coffee or tea during their break time.
5．The________(喜剧) writers often use different techniques to make their audience laugh.
6．He wants to ______(提高) his ability of English reading and listening.
7．Some small animals usually store up enough ________(坚果) to eat during the winter.
【答案】4.refresh 5.comedy 6.enhance 7.nuts
8．If you are losing your balance, bend down on the ________ (滑板) so that you will not have so far to fall.
9．Most of people in the city were diagnosed as having ________ (流感).
10．Alcohol ________(刺激) the action of the heart.
【答案】8.skateboard 9.flu 10.stimulates
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Avoiding foods high in fat, salt and calories, along with ________(sugar) drinks, can reduce the risk of cancer.
2．You have to rewrite the ________(month) report because you left out many important details.
3．He changed his mind again, ________ made us all angry.
【答案】1.sugary 2.monthly 3.which
4．A student’s self-esteem ________ (enhance) by positive relationships and mutual respect among and between students and staff.
5．I used________(go) there every Saturday.
6．Wise people realise that they are always in control ________ their thoughts，feelings and actions.
7．Why don’t you try out________the basketball team You have nothing to lose.
【答案】4.is enhanced 5.to go 6.of 7.for
8．________(comedy) or cartoons have funny dialogue and usually have a happy ending.
9．The project is off our hands since the new manager came ________ power.
10．Herbs have been used for centuries to make ___________ (refresh) drinks.
【答案】8.Comedies 9.into 10.refreshing
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．We couldn’t agree on _____________ and _____________ for the coming holiday.
我们不能就什么时候出发以及去哪里度假达成一致意见。
2．__________________________，all is now settled.
你会发现，现在一切都解决了。
【答案】1．when to start; where to go
2．As you will find out
3．He dropped into a chair, utterly __________________．
他疲乏极了，倒在一张椅子上。
4．Human beings are used to_______________________．
人类已经习惯了在日光下生活。
【答案】3．worn out
4．living in the daylight
5．The city was ______________ enemy forces at that time.
那时这座城市控制在敌军之下。
6．But you don’t have to feel ________________________．
但你不必为期末考试而倍感压力。
【答案】5．in the control of
6．stressed out about final exams
提升练
(建议用时：15分钟)
阅读理解
A
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C．Helping professional scientific researches.
D．Encouraging the sharing of ideas and activities.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个能提升生活质量的应用程序。
1．A 细节理解题。根据第二段Be My Eyes中的“This app connects visually-challenged people in need of some help with sighted people with a few minutes of spare time to offer through video calls.”可知，这是帮助视力受损的人的应用程序。故选A项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据最后一段Aloe Bud中的“Created by someone who struggles with his mental illness，routine and remembering daily self-care，Aloe Bud is a welcoming and simple self-care pocket companion app.It gently reminds users about self-care activities in physical，mental and emotional needs.”可知，心理健康、日常工作和自我护理活动与Aloe Bud有关，情感提示与Aloe Bud无关。故选D项。
3．A 推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中的“Do you know there are apps that make it easy to help others，our planet，and ourselves so we lead more giving and meaningful lives？”和四个应用程序的介绍可知，它们都能提升人们的生活质量。故选A项。
B
Mental health and happiness are important to student success in higher education but rarely get the attention they need. Colleges and universities in the United States have been seeing increases in mental illness among students for decades. Promoting student mental health and emotional happiness on campus requires more than a well-functioning counselling centre. It calls for a campus-wide commitment action plan.
American undergraduate students have been reporting increasing rates of anxiety, depression and substance use for decades. In the 2018－2019 Healthy Minds Study(HMS)survey, 40% of about 300，000 students at some 300 colleges and universities reported experiencing a mental health problem, and 60% said they were having difficulty accessing mental health care on campus or in the community.
Other studies estimate that the dropout rate for US undergraduate students with mental health problems is over 40%, and that the popularity of mental health problems among graduate students is six times that of the general population.
Most academic institutions provide some mental health services, often through a counselling centre. But no matter how good that centre is, it alone cannot solve the problems.
An important early step is for each institution to assess the extent of the crisis on its campus and whether there are enough treatment services either at the institution or in the local community. Another important question is whether there are elements of the institution’s own environment or culture that contribute to the problems that students are experiencing, like unreasonable workloads or deadlines for assignments.
Every college and university should carry out a comprehensive action plan to achieve this goal. This may require additional resources during a trying time for institutional budgets. But supporting the whole student is so important that financial priorities should be rearranged.
4．What happens to undergraduate students in America
A．They pay little attention to higher education.
B．Increasing students suffer from mental illness.
C．They are lacking in a sense of happiness.
D．They lose confidence in the future careers.
5．What are the statistics in Paragraph 2 about
A．Terrible dropout rates.
B．Decreasing general population.
C．Emotional happiness.
D．Mental health problems.
6．What is the key solution to fixing the problems
A．Analysing the present situation.
B．Opening more counselling centres.
C．Offering free mental health services.
D．Reducing unreasonable workloads.
7．How can we put a comprehensive action plan into practice
A．By giving some useful advice.
B．By offering financial support.
C．By turning to the government.
D．By getting enough trying time.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今越来越多的美国本科生患有精神疾病的问题。作者列举了大学生心理健康问题的具体数据和要解决这一问题应该采取的措施。
4．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Colleges and universities in the United States have been seeing increases in mental illness among students for decades.”可知，越来越多的美国本科生患有精神疾病。故选B项。
5．D 细节理解题。第二段提到，在2018到2019年健康心理研究调查中，约300所学院和大学的约30万名学生中有40%的人经历过心理健康问题，60%的人表示他们在校园或社区难以获得心理健康护理。因此，这些统计数据是关于心理健康问题的。故选D项。
6．A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An important early step is for each institution to assess the extent of the crisis on its campus and whether there are enough treatment services either at the institution or in the local community.”可知，解决问题的关键是分析现状。故选A项。
7．B 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But supporting the whole student is so important that financial priorities should be rearranged.”可知，我们可以通过提供资金支持来实施一项全面的行动计划。故选B项。(共101张PPT)
UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
能够把握语篇的主旨大意，学会如何抓住语篇的核心要素。
能够理解并正确运用动词不定式作主语；
阅读有关健康生活类的说明文，把握常见的与健康生活相关的词汇；
掌握基本的交际用语，发表与健康生活相关的建议或意见；
运用所学知识，写一篇与健康的生活方式相关的信件。
【素养提升】
培养正确的健康生活理念，养成良好的生活和学习习惯；
学会如何摆脱不良习惯。
Period One Reading and Thinking
课前自主预习
A．滥用；虐待；辱骂
B．支配；控制；占有优势
C．促进；促使；使便利
D．消极的；有害的；否定的
E．自制力；纪律；学科；自我控制；管教；处罚
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．Our soldiers showed perfect discipline under heavy fire from the enemy’s guns.( )
2．The new trade agreement should facilitate more rapid economic growth.( )
3．He felt they had abused his trust by talking about him to the press.( )
4．She completely dominates her family and makes all the decisions.( )
5．You can’t learn anything with negative attitudes.( )
【答案】1－5 ECABD
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．alcoholic adj.含酒精的；饮酒引起的→________ n．酒；酒精
2．reliable adj.可信赖的；可依靠的→________ vi.依赖；依靠；信赖
【答案】1.alcohol 2.rely
3．examination n．考查；考试；审讯；检查→__________ vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验
(参考：imagination→imagine)
4．pessimist n．悲观主义者→__________ adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
(参考：realist→realistic)
【答案】3.examine 4.pessimistic
Ⅲ.猜短语填空
become involved in, over and over again, in response to, rely on, straight away
1．He told me to drop everything and come over at once.
＝He told me to drop everything and come over__________.
2．It was some time before the door opened to make response to his ring.
＝It was some time before the door opened ______________ his ring.
【答案】1.straight away 2.in response to
3．A number of people have been drawn into the matter.
＝A number of people have _________________ the matter.
4．I’ve told you not to do that time and again.
＝I’ve told you not to do that __________________．
5．It would be better to depend on ourselves than on others.
＝It would be better to _________ ourselves than on others.
【答案】3.become involved in 4.over and over again
5.rely on
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ.阅读课文HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE，匹配段落大意
( )Para.1 ( )Para.2 ( )Para.3 ( )Para.4 ( )Para.5 ( )Para.6 ( )Para.7 A．Explanation of “habit cycle”．
B．No shortcut to changing bad habits.
C．The necessity of preventing bad habits for teenagers.
D．Advice for young people.
E．An example for “habit cycle”．
F．How to bring positive changes to our bad habits.
G．It’s difficult to change bad habits.
【答案】Para.1－Para.7 CGAEFBD
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
( )1.What will teenagers become as they grow up
A．They will have their own ideas.
B．They will depend on their parents.
C．They will changed their habits easily.
D．They will make good decisions.
【答案】A
( )2.We can change bad habits if we ________.
A．know about modern psychology
B．understand how habits work
C．take the regular action
D．get reward from the routine
【答案】B
( )3.Which of the following is considered as the “reward”？
A．You decide to borrow two books from the city library.
B．You take a walk around the school in the morning.
C．You are willing to volunteer in your community this weekend.
D．You find yourself excited after a talk with your friend.
【答案】D
( )4.What do we do first to promote a positive change in bad habits
A．Adapt to bad habit cycles.
B．Listen to some of our favourite music.
C．Examine our bad habit cycles.
D．Replace a negative routine with a positive one.
【答案】C
( )5.What can we learn from the text
A．It is easy to form good habits.
B．One step is enough for changing bad habits.
C．Changing bad habits is not easy.
D．Bad habits can disappear in a short time.
【答案】C
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
With teenagers growing up, 1.________ can be easy for some to form bad habits. For example, some of them may become 2.______(involve)in tobacco or alcohol abuse. If 3.________(leave) unchecked, these bad habits could lead to more serious ones. To change harmful habits, teenagers must learn to understand how habits work—the “habit cycle”. Then adapt the bad habit cycles by combining the information from our habit cycles 4.________ our own positive ideas.
【答案】1.it 2.involved 3.left 4.with
Don’t try to change bad habits quickly, for the most successful way to change is over a period of time. As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi 5.________(write), “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”6.________(reach) the goal of change, a person must show some discipline and 7.________(repeat) take many small steps.
【答案】5.wrote 6.To reach 7.repeatedly
The good news is 8.________ there is plenty of time for young people to change bad habits. However, there is no “magic pill” and you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some 9.________(change). You have the power to build a happy and 10.________(health) life that is full of good habits!
【答案】8.that 9changes 10.healthy
课堂新知讲练
1．involve v. 包括；陷入；涉及；使卷入
(P14)For example，some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
【翻译】例如，有些青少年可能沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)involve in 参与；涉及
(2)involved adj. 参与的；涉及的；专心于……的
be/become involved in 卷入；参与；涉及
(3)involvement n. 参与；感情投入
【用法详解】
When people become involved in their neighbourhoods, they can become a potential force for dealing with local problems.
当人们和他们的邻居们在一起相处的时候，他们就变成了一股解决局部问题的潜在力量。
Ben has always felt a deep involvement with animals.
本一直对动物怀有很深的热爱。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Deep down, she supported her husband’s _______(involve) in the organisation.
(2)People ________(involve) in it think it’s a nightmare, but I’m sure it will work itself out.
【答案】(1)involvement (2)involved
完成句子
(3)If she __________________ business, she would make a strong chief executive.
如果她经商的话，她将会是一位有力的首席执行官。
【答案】(3)were involved in
2．reward n.回报；奖励；报酬
vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
(P14)Thirdly，there is the “reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.
【翻译】第三，有“奖励”，即我们从日常生活中得到的好处或感觉。
(1)as a reward for… 作为……的报酬/奖赏
give/offer a reward to sb for sth 因某事奖励某人
in reward of… 为酬谢……；作为对……的奖励
in reward＝in return 作为回报/报答
in reward for 作为……的报酬
(2)reward sb for sth/doing sth 由于……而给予某人报酬
reward sb with sth 奖励给某人某物
(3)rewarding adj. 有报酬的；有益的；值得的
【用法详解】
The old lady is offering a reward of $50 to anyone who finds her cat for her!
这位年老的女士给任何为她找到猫的人提供50美元的奖赏！
They rewarded the winners with gifts of some fruits and flowers.
他们以一些水果和鲜花作为礼物奖励给优胜者。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Anyone providing information which leads to the recovery of the painting will be ________ (reward).
(2)The old Silk Road is worthy of a visit，which will be an interesting and ______(reward) experience.
【答案】(1)rewarded (2)rewarding
完成句子
(3)I would like to invite you to the science museum _________ ____________________ during my stay in Beijing.
我想邀请你去科学博物馆，以报答我在北京期间你及时而慷慨的帮助。
【答案】(3)in reward for your timely and generous help
3．pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
(P15)…we often become pessimistic and give up.
【翻译】……我们常常变得悲观进而放弃。
(1)be pessimistic about… 对……很悲观
(2)pessimistically adv.悲观地
(3)pessimism n．悲观；悲观主义
(4)pessimist n．悲观主义者
【用法详解】
Not everyone is so pessimistic about the future.
并非每个人都对未来如此悲观。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)All the families are pessimistic _____________ the present situation.
(2)An optimist sees the rose while a ___________(pessimistic) sees the thorn.
【答案】(1)about (2)pessimist
(3)She has lost her job and is living quite ________________ (pessimistic) all day long.
(4)Mike doesn’t think well of the society and he is a man of ________(pessimist).
【答案】(3)pessimistically (4)pessimism
4．lead to导致；引起；通向
(P14)For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems.
【翻译】例如，有些青少年可能沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。
(1)lead sb to do sth 引导/带领某人做某事(to为动词不定式)
lead sb to … 带领某人通往……；使某人得出……(观点)
lead a(n) … life 过着……的生活
lead the way 引路；带路
(2)leading adj. 主要的；首位的；领先的
【用法详解】
A lack of confidence can lead to your losing the chance.
缺乏自信会导致你失去机会。
The leading figure is now leading a peaceful life in a seaside cottage.
这个领导人物正在海边的一处村舍过着平静的生活。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The discovery of new evidence led to the thief’s _________ (catch).
(2)Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path ______ (lead) to the house.
(3)In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them__________(practise) speaking English in an interesting way.
【答案】(1)being caught (2)leading (3)to practise
完成句子
(4)All the old people in our village ___________________．
我们村所有的老人都过着幸福的生活。
【答案】(4)lead/are leading a happy life
5．in response to回答；答复
(P14)Secondly, there is a “routine”，the regular action you take in response to the cue.
【翻译】其次，是“常规”，即你根据提示所采取的常规行动。
(1)response n. 回答；回应；反应
make a/no response to… 对……做出回应/不予回答
(2)respond vi. 回答；回应
respond to … 对……做出反应
respond with … 用……回应
【用法详解】
The world community has been slow to respond to the crisis.
国际社会对该危机的反应向来迟缓。
You may not take note that we made our official response to the report you referred to yesterday.
你可能没注意到，昨天我们已经就你提到的报告做出了正式回应。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Some offered timely ________(respond) to tourists who got lost，while others picked up the garbage.
(2)Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly ________ emergencies.
【答案】(1)response (2)to
完成句子
(3)__________________ your email inquiring about a good read, I strongly recommend Journey to the West.
针对你询问一本好读物的邮件，我强烈推荐《西游记》。
【答案】(3)In response to
6．rely on依赖；依靠；信赖
(P15)The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
【翻译】奖励使我们更有可能继续这种循环，依赖不健康零食的坏习惯就形成了。
(1)rely on/upon sb for… 依靠某人获得……
rely on/upon sb/sth to do sth 相信/指望某人/某物做某事
rely on/upon (doing) sth 依赖/指望/信任(做)某事
rely on it that… 相信……；指望……
(2)reliable adj. 可靠的；可信赖的
【用法详解】
Many people now would rely on surfing the Internet rather than read newspapers for news.
现在许多人依靠上网而不是看报纸获取新闻。
Statistical analysis is a means of arriving at a fairly reliable forecast.
统计分析是一种相当可靠的预测方法。
Our success relies totally on devoting our personal efforts.
我们的成功完全依靠我们个人的努力。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)You may rely _____________ him in that he is capable of calculating of the events accurately.
(2)I’m enthusiastic about drama and eager to take responsibility as a ___________(rely) chairman.
【答案】(1)on (2)reliable
一句多译
(3)我最尊敬我叔叔，因为每当我处于困境中时，我都可以指望他给我一些实用的建议。
I respect my uncle most because I can ___________________ _____________________________ whenever I am in trouble.(rely on/upon sb to do)
→I respect my uncle most because I can _________________ ____________________ whenever I am in trouble.(rely on/upon it that…)
【答案】(3)rely on/upon him to offer me some practical suggestions; rely on/upon it that he can offer me some practical suggestions
1．(P14)To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.
【翻译】改变坏习惯从来都不是一件容易的事，即使你尝试过很多次。
【句式剖析】
“To change bad habits”是动词不定式短语，在句中作主语，与其后的“be＋形容词”构成“主语＋系动词＋表语”结构。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
不定式(短语)作主语可以转换成如下结构：
(1)It is＋adj.＋不定式(短语)
(2)主语(名词)＋be＋不定式(短语)
To learn English well is necessary for school students.
＝It is necessary for school students to learn English well.
学生学好英语是十分必要的。
To take care of the children is my job.
＝My job is to take care of the children.
我的工作是照看这些孩子。
[针对练习]
翻译句子
(1)他不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么多的作业。
_________________________________________________
(2)我明年的目标就是进入北京大学。
_________________________________________________
【答案】(1)It is impossible for him to finish so much homework in such a short time.
(2)My goal is to enter Beijing University next year.
2．(P14)The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.
【翻译】好消息是我们可以改变，如果我们了解习惯是如何形成的话。
【句式剖析】
在本句中，连词that引导表语从句，说明good news的内容。
【归纳拓展】
(1)that引导表语从句时，常用来说明其前名词的内容。此时的that是一个连词，不在句子中充当任何成分。
(2)“The reason why…is/was that…”也是一个常用的句型，意为“……的原因是……”(表语从句的引导词用that引导，而不用because)。
The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill.
汤姆开会迟到的原因是他病了。
Their belief is that a good beginning is half done.
他们相信良好的开端是成功的一半。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)My proposal is ________ we should hold a meeting to discuss the problem.
(2)The reason ________ she was angry was ________ her husband had broken her mobile phone.
【答案】(1)that (2)why; that
课后进阶专练
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Mrs Li, rather than Mr Li, ____________(控制) the whole family with her strong willpower.
2．Many students take an interest in ________(心理学) and find it interesting to learn.
【答案】1.dominates 2.psychology
3．Mr Wu won a ________(报酬) of two million dollars for his great contributions to the country.
4．In the hospital, the doctor ________(检查) the old man carefully and found nothing wrong.
5．Some people showed a ________(消极的) attitude towards the new rules.
【答案】3.reward 4.examined 5.negative
6．Having lost his job, Mr Tang feels very ________(悲观的) about his life in the future.
7．The new trade agreement should ________(促进) more rapid economic growth between the two countries.
8．________(烟草) smoking does more harm than good to people’s health.
9．Students at large felt that the ______(纪律) was too strict.
【答案】6.pessimistic 7.facilitate 8.Tobacco 9.discipline
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．I have warned you ________(repeat) not to play with fire!
2．The president delivered a speech in ___________________ (respond) to the public demand.
3．Mr Li has never been pessimistic ________ his future.
【答案】1.repeatedly 2.response 3.about
4．The car, if ________(open) by force, will send out sirens to attract people’s attention.
5．It kept on raining for two months, ________ made it impossible for us to finish our work in time.
6．Just as a famous saying goes, ________(see) is to believe.
7．My goal for the new year is ________ I shall pass the driving test in the first three months.
【答案】4.opened 5.which 6.to see 7.that
8．You’d better make the right ________(choose) as to which school to attend.
9．Tomorrow afternoon Mr Wang is likely ________(give) us a speech.
10．He works extra hours at night ________(make) more money to support his family.
【答案】8.choice 9.to give 10.to make
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．To prevent harmful habits like these from ______________ _______________ is essential.
防止像这样的坏习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。
【答案】1．dominating a teenager’s life
2．Besides, through this rewarding activity, we can ________ ________________ other students can admire the artistic works and expand their knowledge.
另外，通过这次有意义的活动，我们可以相信其他同学能欣赏艺术作品并能增长他们的知识。
【答案】2．rely on it that
3．__________________________ is the aim of reunion.
加强家庭关系是团聚的目的。
【答案】3．To strengthen the family bonds
提升练
(建议用时：18分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Patients often come into my office and ask，“How can I look younger？” While I always suggest healthy living—a balanced diet and regular exercise—in order to look and feel younger，I have never thought of facial exercises as part of that plan.That is，until a recent study，published in JAMA Dermatology(皮肤学)，showed promising results that routine facial exercise may slow the merciless tide of time.
The theory behind the study originates from the fact that a major part of facial aging is due to the loss of fat and soft tissue, which leads to the growth and spread of wrinkles.If we can lift weights at the gym and enlarge muscles in arms，why couldn’t the same be done for muscles in our faces，therefore to create a more youthful face
The concept of facial exercise is not a new one.A simple Internet search will produce a lot of blog posts and books on the subject, as well as various programs that promise to be the next fountain of youth.What the JAMA Dermatology researchers did in their study，which was the first of its kind, was to examine this question from a more strict scientific aspect.They enrolled 27 women between the ages of 40 and 65 to perform daily, 30-minute exercises for eight weeks, and then continue every other day for a total of 20 weeks.
Dermatologists who did not know the participants were asked to rate their photographs before and after the exercise.The dermatologists found an improvement in cheek fullness and estimated the age of the participants at 51 years of age at the start of the program and 48 at the end of the 20-week study.Furthermore，all the participants felt improvement in their own facial appearance at the end of the study.
While these results seem exalting，the study has some obvious limitations.Of the 27 patients involved，11 gave up before completing the study.One reason may be that the program was too time-consuming, clocking in at 30 minutes a day.The overall small size of the study also limits its generalisability to the larger population.In addition, there was also no control group，which would have helped reduce the possibility that this improvement happened by chance.
It’s also hard to draw conclusions about the longevity of these results.Probably the exercises must be continued to keep their effects.But for how long And how frequently Which exercises are most effective Most studies are needed to answer these questions.
1．What is the author’s attitude towards the study published in JAMA Dermatology
A．Doubtful. B．Positive.
C．Opposed. D．Indifferent.
2．According to the passage, which statement is TRUE
A．Though the concept of facial exercise is new, much information about it can be found on the Internet.
B．Some participants didn’t feel improvement in their facial appearance at the end of the study.
C．If there is a control group, the possibility that the improvement in the facial appearance happened by chance will be increased.
D．The reason why some participants quit the study before it was completed may be that they had not enough time.
3．What does the underlined word “exalting” mean in Paragraph 5
A．Exciting. B．Challenging.
C．Frustrating. D．Annoying.
4．What can be inferred from the passage
A．The study published in JAMA Dermatology is not reliable.
B．Healthy living is the only way to make someone look and feel young.
C．More studies are needed to further the present study on facial exercises.
D．As a dermatologist，the author was involved in the research project on facial exercises.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。发表在《美国医学会皮肤学杂志》上的一项研究显示，常规的面部锻炼可能会减缓衰老和改善面部面貌。
1．B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“While I always suggest healthy living…I have never thought of facial exercises as part of that plan.That is, until a recent study, published in JAMA Dermatology(皮肤学)…”和最后一段中的“Probably the exercises must be continued to keep their effects.”可推知，作者对《美国医学会皮肤学杂志》上发表的研究持积极的态度。故选B项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Of the 27 patients involved, 11 gave up before completing the study.One reason may be that the program was too time-consuming, clocking in at 30 minutes a day.”可推知，一些参与者在研究完成前退出的原因可能是他们没有足够的时间。故选D项。
3．A 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Furthermore, all the participants felt improvement in their own facial appearance at the end of the study.”和画线词下文中的“the study has some obvious limitations”可知，所有参与者在研究结束时都感觉自己的面貌有所改善，但是这项研究有一些局限性。由此可知，这些结果是令人兴奋的。画线词exalting意为“令人兴奋的”，与exciting意义一致。故选A项。
4．C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Probably the exercises must be continued to keep their effects…Most studies are need to answer these questions.”可知，目前对面部运动的效果还有待进一步的研究。故选C项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Last year, I was determined to climb the corporate ladder(阶梯). I worked __1__，often staying late at the office and giving up weekends to meet deadlines. The __2__of success consumed me, and I prided myself on my __3__．
However, as months passed, I began to feel the __4__ on my body and mind. Constant headaches, bad appetite and a growing sense of emotional detachment(冷漠) from my work became my new normal. I was __5__，and it was affecting my health and productivity.
One evening, after yet another long day, I collapsed on my sofa. I was so tired that I couldn’t __6__ cook dinner. Staring at the ceiling, I __7__ I had become a machine, endlessly working. The next morning, I decided to make a change. I knew I needed to __8__ self-care to regain balance in my life.
I started __9__. Every morning, I devoted 15 minutes to meditation(冥想), allowing myself to breathe and set intentions for the day. I also reintroduced __10__ activities into my routine, like short walks during lunch breaks.
Gradually, I noticed a __11__. My energy levels improved, and I felt more __12__ both at work and in my personal life. I began setting __13__，saying no to unnecessary tasks, and carving out time for rest. Most importantly, I learned self-care isn’t __14__—it’s essential.
Reflecting on my journey, I realised true __15__ lies in finding balance and nurturing(滋养) oneself.
1．A．regularly B．tirelessly
C．casually D．flexibly
2．A．guarantee B．taste
C．pursuit D．secret
3．A．creativity B．leadership
C．devotion D．curiosity
4．A．competition B．heat
C．need D．impact
5．A．burning out B．cheering up
C．calming down D．showing off
6．A．already B．even
C．still D．almost
7．A．realised B．explained
C．pretended D．wished
8．A．prioritise B．dismiss
C．decline D．visualise
9．A．smart B．high
C．small D．early
10．A．scientific B．commercial
C．academic D．physical
11．A．shift B．problem
C．loss D．pattern
12．A．reliable B．present
C．responsible D．humble
13．A．deadlines B．examples
C．ambitions D．boundaries
14．A．satisfactory B．straightforward
C．subjective D．selfish
15．A．potential B．success
C．commitment D．friendship
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者起初拼命工作致身心受损，后改变方式重获平衡的经历。
1．B 考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“often staying late at the office and giving up weekends to meet deadlines”可推知，作者不知疲倦地工作。故选B项。
2．C 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“Last year, I was determined to climb the corporate ladder(阶梯).”可知，作者决心在职场上晋升。由此推知，此处指对成功的追求吞噬了作者。故选C项。
3．C 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“often staying late at the office and giving up weekends to meet deadlines”和语境可推知，作者为自己的奉献感到自豪。故选C项。
4．D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“Constant headaches, bad appetite and a growing sense of emotional detachment(冷漠) from my work became my new normal.”可知，此处指作者开始感到身心受到的影响。故选D项。
5．A 考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“Constant headaches, bad appetite and a growing sense of emotional detachment(冷漠) from my work became my new normal.”可知，作者精疲力竭了。故选A项。
6．B 考查副词辨析。根据上文中的“…I collapsed on my sofa.I was so tired”和语境可知，作者太累了，甚至连晚饭都做不了。故选B项。
7．A 考查动词辨析。根据上文内容和下文中的“I had become a machine, endlessly working”可知，作者意识到自己已经变成了一台机器，无休止地工作。故选A项。
8．A 考查动词辨析。根据上文内容和下文中的“self-care to regain balance in my life”可知，作者需要把自我照顾放在首位，以重新获得生活的平衡。故选A项。
9．C 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“Every morning, I devoted 15 minutes…like short walks during lunch breaks.”可知，作者从小事做起。故选C项。
10．D 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“activities into my routine, like short walks during lunch breaks”可知，作者还把体育活动纳入日常生活中。故选D项。
11．A 考查名词辨析。根据上文内容和下文中的“My energy levels improved…and carving out time for rest.”可知，此处指作者渐渐地注意到了变化。故选A项。
12．B 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“My energy levels improved”和语境可推知，作者的精力水平提高了，在工作和个人生活中都感到更投入了。故选B项。
13．D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“saying no to unnecessary tasks, and carving out time for rest”可知，作者开始设定边界，对不必要的任务说不，并腾出时间休息。故选D项。
14．D 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“it’s essential”和语境可知，作者明白了自我照顾是必不可少的，而不是自私的。故选D项。
15．B 考查名词辨析。根据第一段中的“Last year, I was determined…The __2__ of success consumed me”和下文中的“lies in finding balance and nurturing(滋养) oneself”可知，作者回顾旅程时意识到真正的成功在于找到平衡并滋养自己。故选B项。(共95张PPT)
UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
Period Four Assessing Your Progress—Video Time
课前自主预习
A．吸引全部注意力；吸收
B．一般来说；大致上
C．主要的；基本的；重要的
D．有感染力的；接触传染的
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．The study of the English language absorbs all his attention.( )
2．Jeans are a staple part of everyone’s wardrobe. ( )
3．Her enthusiasm is contagious.( )
4．Overall, this is a very useful book.( )
【答案】1－4 ACDB
Ⅱ.预备写作素材
1．Football, volleyball and basketball and so on do ________ _________________(培养队员的团队精神).
2．I like ____________________(和朋友们一起踢足球) every day after finishing my homework.
【答案】1．develop the players’ team spirit
2．playing football with my friends
3．People should _______________________________(保持锻炼的习惯), which ensures better future.
4．I would like to spend my spare time doing exercise to ____________________(放松).
5．An apple a day_____________________(使医生远离).
【答案】3．keep the habit of taking exercise
4．get relaxed
5．keeps the doctor away
6．Early to bed and early to rise ____________________(使人健康), wealthy and wise.
7．We should get up and __________________(早点睡觉).We shouldn’t stay up so late.
8．I think ____________________(健康的生活习惯) are very important for us.
【答案】6．makes a man healthy
7．go to bed early
8．healthy living habits
课堂新知讲练
1．absorb vt.吸引全部注意力；吸收
(P22)Absorbing stress effectively, however, you must be sure to do something that completely takes your mind off everything else.
【翻译】然而，为了有效地缓解压力，你必须确保做一些完全把你的注意力从其他事情上转移开的事。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)absorb…from… 从……中吸收……
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
absorb…into… 把……吸收进……
absorb oneself in… 专心于……；全神贯注于……
(2)absorbed adj. 专心致志的；被吸收的
be absorbed/lost/buried in 全神贯注于；专心于
【用法详解】
Absorbing yourself in learning English，you are bound to make greater progress.
只要你全神贯注地学习英语，你一定会取得更大的进步。
It’s hard to absorb so much information.
消化这么多信息很难。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)She seemed totally ________ (absorb) in her book.
(2)Nitrogen(氮) absorbed_________the soil was used completely for the grain.
【答案】(1)absorbed (2)from
一句多译
(3)我当时正专心准备高考，很抱歉没能陪你去书店。
I ________________________________ preparing for the college entrance examination and I am terribly sorry for not being able to accompany you to the bookstore.
→____________________ preparing for the college entrance examination and I am terribly sorry for not being able to accompany you to the bookstore.(动词的-ing形式作状语)
→____________________ preparing for the college entrance examination and I am terribly sorry for not being able to accompany you to the bookstore.(动词的-ed形式作状语)
【答案】(3)was absorbed in/absorbed myself in; Absorbing myself in; Absorbed in
2．as…as possible尽可能地……
(P22)So that is best to find a solution as soon as possible.
【翻译】因此，最好是尽快地找到解决问题的办法。
(1)as…as possible常用来修饰句中的谓语动词，在句中作状语。
(2)as…as possible这个结构可以转化成as…as sb can。
(3)常见的类似结构：
as much/many as possible尽可能多地
as early as possible尽早地
as fast as possible尽快地
【用法详解】
You must finish your work as soon as possible.
你应尽快完成你的工作。
I will learn as much as I can and become stronger and wiser.
我会尽可能多地学习，变得更坚强、更聪明。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)You must practise your spoken English ____________(尽可能多地).
(2)You must try to run ___________________(尽可能快地) to catch the bus.
【答案】(1)as much as possible
(2)as fast/quickly as possible
(3)You ought to return to the camp __________________(尽可能早地), or you will lose your way after dark.
(4)I’m now learning Russian. I hope I can express myself in Russian __________________________(尽可能快地).
【答案】(3)as early as possible
(4)as soon as possible
3．take your mind off sth 使不想某事；使不再担忧某事
(P22)…however, you must be sure to do something that completely takes your mind off everything else.
【翻译】……然而，你必须确保做一些把你的注意力完全从其他事情上转移开的事。
take one’s mind off…意为“不去想……；不去考虑……；不再关注……”。
【用法详解】
The manager is seriously ill, but he still can’t take his mind off work.
经理病得非常严重，但他还是放心不下他的工作。
【名师点津】
mind用作名词时，还可以构成许多的短语。请注意掌握如下短语和搭配：
make up one’s mind下定决心
have sth/sb in mind记住；考虑到；想到
bear/keep sth in mind记住
change one’s mind 改变主意
I’ll never change my mind.
我永远不会改变主意。
That person has nobody in mind.
那个家伙从来不把任何人放在心上。
I have made up my mind to be a writer.
我决心成为一名作家。
[针对练习]
翻译句子
(1)我要把你的劝告记在心里。
________________________________________________
(2)约翰想到了一个新的解决办法。
【答案】
(1)I’ll keep/bear your advice in mind.
(2)John had a new solution in mind.
(3)不用担心，我不会改变主意的。
________________________________________________
【答案】
(3)Don’t worry. I won’t change my mind.
1．(P22)Absorbing stress effectively, however, you must be sure to do something that completely takes your mind off everything else.
【翻译】然而，为了有效地缓解压力，你必须确保做一些把你的注意力完全从其他事情上转移开的事。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“be sure to do something”意为“一定要做某件事情”。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
sb be sure＋从句 某人确定/相信(某事会发生)
sb/sth be sure to do sth 某人/某物一定/肯定会做某事
sb be sure of/about sth 某人对某事有把握
make sure of/about (doing) sth确保(做)某事
make sure that… 确保(后接that从句)
to be sure (承认属实)诚然；固然；无可否认
I’m pretty sure (that) he’ll agree.
他会同意的，对此我有相当的把握。
I hope you are sure of your facts.
我希望你能肯定你说的都是事实。
The exhibition is sure to be popular.
这次展览肯定受欢迎。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)Are you sure ____________________？
这事你肯定吗？
(2)Ask me if you’re not sure _____________________ it.
你要是拿不准怎么做，就问我。
【答案】(1)about this (2)how to do
(3)I’m not __________________ I should tell you this.
我拿不准该不该把这事告诉你。
(4)You’re always _____________ a warm welcome there.
到了那里，你肯定会受到热烈欢迎。
(5)It’s _______________.
天准会下雨。
【答案】(3)sure whether (4)sure of (5)sure to rain
2．(P22)After all, it is far too stressful to stress all the time!
【翻译】毕竟，一直压力重重是极其紧张的！
【句式剖析】
本句中的“too…to…”结构常常表示否定意义，意为“太……以至于不能……”。
【归纳拓展】
(1)如果too的后面是一些表示意愿的形容词，如ready, willing, happy, glad等，则“too…to…”结构表示一个肯定意义。这时，too的前面还可以有副词only修饰。表示肯定意义的“too…to…”结构中的too相当于very。
(2)“too…to…”结构还可转化成“so…that…”句型，但这时的“so…that…”句型中主句和从句的主语必须是同一人或物，否则就不能转化。
I’m only too glad/willing/ready to help you.
我非常乐意帮助你。
I’m too excited to fall asleep.
＝I am so excited that I can’t fall asleep.
我兴奋得睡不着觉。
He is still too young to go to school.
＝He is so young that he can’t go to school.
他太小了，不能上学。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)In my view，the problem is too difficult for me _________ (solve).
(2)He was too eager ______________(know) the result of his examination.
【答案】(1)to solve (2)to know
完成句子
(3)But for your generous help，I wouldn’t have found such a decent job. So I ________________________．
要不是你慷慨的帮助，我不会找到这样一份体面的工作。因此，我怎么感谢你都不为过。
【答案】(3)can’t thank you too much
课后进阶专练
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．After ________(解放), great changes have taken place in all walks of life in our country.
2．I’d like to subscribe to a local English ________(月刊) to improve my English reading.
【答案】1.liberation 2.monthly
3．Your father is sleeping in the bedroom, so please don’t ________(打扰) him.
4．As we all know, smoking is ________(有害的) to our health.
5．His father has already given up smoking ________(香烟) to keep himself healthy.
【答案】3.disturb 4.harmful 5.cigarettes
6．The wounded boy needs an immediate ________(外科手术) to save his life.
7．He________(使凉爽) himself with a cool shower just now.
8．The boy was so deeply ________(吸引) into the novel that he didn’t know his teacher was nearby.
【答案】6.surgery 7.refreshed 8.absorbed
9．He is a ________(顾问) on law affairs to the mayor.
10．He believes that when we see colour, it ________(刺激) our emotions.
【答案】9.consultant 10.stimulates
Ⅱ.短语填空
aside from, make a plan, lead to, (be)sure about, take one’s mind off, free oneself from stress, after all, all the time, do with, according to
1．I advise you to ________________ your children since they are all grown-ups and can take care of themselves now.
【答案】1.take your mind off
2．________________ the agreement, they must complete this project by the end of this month.
3．I was not so ________________ the date for the match, so I made a phone call to make sure.
【答案】2.According to 3.sure about
4．You’ll have to think carefully what to ____________ after you go up to Grade Two.
5．I have been thinking about a problem ______________，but I still haven’t worked it out.
6．Think carefully what car you will buy. It is not a small sum of money ____________．
【答案】4.do with 5.all the time 6.after all
7．This street ________________ the People’s Cinema.So just walk on and you will see it on your right.
8．I suggest that you __________________ so that you can live a more comfortable life.
【答案】7.leads to 8.free yourself from stress
9．________________ Lily, Li Lei was also praised by the headmaster at the meeting yesterday.
10．Before you start doing anything, you’d better __________ for it.
【答案】9.Aside from 10.make a plan
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．Smoking __________________________ our health.
吸烟有害健康。
2．We should speak English ___________________________ both in and out of class.
我们在课堂内外都要尽可能多地说英语。
【答案】
1．does harm to/is harmful to
2．as much as possible
3．Li Ming _________________________ the party.
李明一定会来参加这个晚会的。
4．You ought to __________________ during the course of competition.
在比赛的过程中，你要释放你的压力。
【答案】
3．is sure to attend
4．free yourself from stress
5．In 1066, the Normans conquered England and __________ ______ the country.
在1066年，诺曼人征服了英国并控制了整个国家。
【答案】
5．took control of
提升练
(建议用时：25分钟)
Ⅰ.七选五
Improving your lifestyle can seem like an unachievable goal. Changing everything about your life all at once is probably not realistic, but there are lots of small changes you can make to enjoy your life more. __1__ Before you know it, you’ll have the lifestyle you’ve always wanted!
Eat healthy. You may be flooded by all of the appealing diets, but eating healthy is really not all that complicated. Try a variety of fruits, vegetables, and healthy fats. Avoid salty foods, added sugar, and fatty foods as much as possible. __2__ Fruit and vegetables are thought to increase feelings of positivity, while fats and sugar are linked to feelings of depression.
Exercise. __3__ Try to include at least 150 minutes of walking or 75 minutes of running or dancing into your weekly schedule. In addition to improving your physical health, regular exercise can also decrease symptoms of depression. Staying active is much easier if you find an activity that you enjoy. Try several new sports or exercise classes until you find something you really want to do. Having an exercise friend can also help keep you on track.
__4__ If you are overweight, there are a few really easy things you can do to lose a few pounds, which can add up to major health benefits. Try keeping healthy snacks like fruit and vegetables in your house for those times when you get the urge to eat between meals. You should also try to be aware of your motivations for eating. __5__ For example, you can go for a walk.
A．Take simple steps to lose weight.
B．Stick to a healthy diet for losing weight.
C．Start small by making one or two changes at a time.
D．Your diet can also have an effect on your mental health.
E．Regular exercise is an important component of a healthy lifestyle.
F．If you eat because you’re sad, try finding other ways of handling the feeling.
G．Although eating out with your friends costs you much, it is completely for exercise.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章给出了三种可以使人们拥有更好的生活方式的建议。
1．C 根据空格前一句“there are lots of small changes you can make to enjoy your life more”可知，要享受生活，你可以做出很多小的改变。C项“从小处开始，同时进行一两次小的改变。”呼应上文，符合语境。故选C项。
2．D 根据空格后一句“Fruit and vegetables are thought to increase feelings of positivity, while fats and sugar are linked to feelings of depression.”可知，水果和蔬菜被认为会增加积极情绪，而脂肪和糖则与抑郁感有关。D项“饮食对你的心理健康有影响。”引出下文，符合语境。故选D项。
3．E 根据本段主题词“exercise”和下一句中对每周锻炼量的建议可知，此处强调规律运动的重要性。E项“有规律的锻炼是健康生活方式的重要组成部分。”符合语境。故选E项。
4．A 根据空格后的“there are a few really easy things you can do to lose a few pounds”可知，你可以做一些非常简单的事情来减肥，所以本段主要讲述的是减肥的几种简单的做法。A项“采取简单的步骤来减肥。”符合语境。故选A项。
5．F 根据空格前的“You should also try to be aware of your motivations for eating.”可知，你要意识到你吃饭的动机。F项“如果你因为悲伤而去吃饭，不妨尝试别的方法来处理情感问题。”起到了举例说明的作用，符合语境。故选F项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Should naps actually 1.________(take) during the day？Well, we certainly know from 2.________(evident) in the sleep centre and many other scientists that naps can give you benefits for both your brain and your body. But naps can actually be 3.________double-edged sword, because while we’re awake during the day，we’re building up sleepiness or sleep pressure. So when you try to fall asleep 4.________ night, you’ll fall asleep quickly and then you’ll stay asleep. And when we sleep, we actually release that sleepiness so that we wake up the next morning feeling 5.________(refresh).
So if you take a nap during the day，especially if you take it too late in the afternoon, you will actually release some of that sleepiness and it will make it much 6.________(hard) to fall asleep and stay asleep soundly throughout the night. So the advice would be if you don’t struggle with your sleep and you can nap 7.________(regular), then naps are just fine.
But if you do find it difficult 8.________(fall) asleep or stay asleep at night, then you should avoid naps and try to build up that healthy sleepiness in the evening.
The ideal nap depends on 9.________ you want from that nap. Different stages of sleep actually give you different types of brain and body 10.________(benefit).
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。我们从睡眠中心和其他许多科学家的证据中得知，午睡对你的大脑和身体都有好处。但是午睡既有其好处也有其不足，人们应该根据自己的情况选择是否午睡。不同的睡眠阶段实际上给了不同类型的大脑和身体其相应的好处。
1．be taken 考查被动语态。根据语境可知，主语naps与动词take之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态。情态动词should后用动词原形。故填be taken。
2．evidence 考查名词。介词from后应用名词作宾语，evident的名词形式为evidence。故填evidence。
3．a 考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处泛指一把双刃剑，应用不定冠词。double-edged以辅音音素开头。故填a。
4．at 考查介词。此处是固定短语at night，意为“在晚上”。故填at。
5．refreshed 考查动词的-ed形式。根据空格前的系动词feeling和语境可知，此处表示“感到精神焕发”，应用动词的-ed形式作表语。故填refreshed。
6．harder 考查形容词的比较级。根据空格前的“it will make it much”可知，此处使用了“make it＋adj.”，much修饰形容词的比较级，应用形容词的比较级作宾语补足语。故填harder。
7．regularly 考查副词。根据空格前的动词nap和语境可知，此处应用副词作状语。故填regularly。
8．to fall 考查动词不定式。分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型“find it＋adj.＋to do sth”，意为“发现做某事……”，应用动词不定式作真正的宾语。故填to fall。
9．what 考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，介词on后的句子为宾语从句。空格处在从句中作宾语，表示“你想从小睡中获得的东西”，应用what来引导宾语从句。故填what。
10．benefits 考查名词的数。此处表示“不同阶段的睡眠会给你的大脑和身体不同类型的好处”，应用benefit的复数形式。故填benefits。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
假定你是李华，你的笔友王强最近沉迷于电脑游戏，这给他带来很多危害。请你给他写一封书信，劝说他戒掉这个不良习惯，并提出建议。
内容包括：
1．对学习的不良影响；
2．对身心健康造成危害；
3．你的建议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Wang Qiang，
Hearing that you are addicted to playing computer games，I felt very worried.To begin with，it will make you waste too much valuable time which should be spent on your study.In addition，playing computer games for a long time will do harm to your health，especially to your eyes.Worse still，some games are full of violence，which will be harmful to your mental health.
Therefore，I strongly hope that you can break away from it.The earlier，the better.You can read more good books，take more exercise or participate in some social activities to broaden your horizons.
I hope the advice above will be of benefit to you.Looking forward to your good news.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作高效提升
给某人的一封信
本单元的写作目标是“给编辑的一封信”。结合本单元的话题，请同学们写一封信，介绍自己生活方式方面的变化。
动笔前，你的大体构思：____________________________ ______________________________________________________
◎单元写作目标
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．I have been here for two months now.
2．It’s three months since I arrived in Beijing.
3．My lifestyles have changed a lot during the last two months.
◎话题佳句
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
1．I didn’t get used to the life here at first and felt stressed out.
2．I could neither use chopsticks nor speak in Chinese.
3．I was so uncomfortable that I wanted to return home straight away.
4．I’m beginning to adapt to the life here. I have learnt to use Chinese chopsticks at dinner tables.
5．I have made great progress in Chinese with the help of my new classmates.
6．Now I can express myself fluently in Chinese.
7．I have visited lots of places of interest in Beijing.
8．I’m so happy that everything here is under control.
【回味无穷的结尾句】
1．I can’t wait to share you all the interesting things that I have experienced in Beijing.
2．I really hope that you can visit Beijing one day.
3．I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply at your convenience.
【写作任务】
假设你是Lucy，是一位来自英国的交换生，你现在在北京某高中学习。你打算给你之前学校校报的编辑写一封信，向他讲述自己生活方式的变化。
◎写作范例
内容包括：
1．刚来北京时的生活；
2．现在的生活和学习状况；
3．你的感受。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Editor，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Lucy
【写作指导】
主题 生活方式 体裁 应用文
人称 第一、二人称 时态 一般过去时
一般现在时
布局 第一段：写信目的——告知对方有关自己的生活方式； 第二段：详细介绍生活的变化； 第三段：期待回复。
【遣词造句】
Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词或短语填空
1．焦虑不安；心力交瘁________________
2．回报；报酬________________
【答案】1.stressed out 2.reward
3．控制；掌管________________
4．既不……也不……________________
5．立即；马上________________
【答案】3.take control of 4.neither…nor…
5.straight away
Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用
1．完成句子
(1)我在中国两个月了。
I ______________ China for two months now.
(2)起初，我不习惯这里的生活，感到焦虑不安。
I was not so _________ the life here at the very beginning and felt ____________．
【答案】(1)have been in
(2)used to; stressed out
(3)我用餐时不会使用筷子，我也不会说普通话。
I can’t use chopsticks at dinner table and I don’t speak mandarin, _____________．
(4)我非常焦虑，曾打算立即回家。
I was so stressed out and I had intended to return home ____________________．
【答案】(3)either (4)straight away
(5)在普通话方面我取得了很大的进步，这对我来说是一个巨大的奖赏。
I have __________________________ my mandarin.It is really a great reward for me.
【答案】(5)made much progress in
2．句式升级
(6)将句(2)升级为含有动词的-ing形式作伴随状语的句子
________________________________________________
(7)将句(3)改写为含有neither…nor的句子
________________________________________________
【答案】
(6)I was not so used to the life here at the very beginning, feeling stressed out.
(7)I can neither use chopsticks at dinner table nor speak mandarin.
(8)将句(4)改写为含有so…that结构的句子
________________________________________________
(9)将句(5)改写为含有定语从句的句子
________________________________________________
【答案】
(8)I was so stressed out that I had intended to return home straight away.
(9)I have made much progress in my mandarin, which is really a great reward for me.
【连句成篇】
Dear Editor，
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Lucy
One possible version：
Dear Editor，
I have been in China for two months now. Great changes have been taking place in my lifestyle in the last two months. So I’m writing to tell you something about my life here in China.
I was not so used to the life here at the very beginning, feeling much stressed out. I could neither use chopsticks at dinner table nor express myself in Chinese. I was so stressed out that I had intended to return home straight away. However, as time goes on, I’m beginning to adapt to the life here. I have got used to using Chinese chopsticks at dinner tables. Besides, in the past two months, I have made much progress in my mandarin, which is really a great reward for me. Now I can express myself fluently in mandarin. In addition, I have visited lots of places of interest in Beijing. I’m so proud that I can take control of everything here.
Of course, I can’t tell you all the interesting things that I have experienced in Beijing. I really hope that you have a chance to visit Beijing in the near future. I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply at your convenience.
Yours sincerely，
Lucy
◎写作练笔
你校英文报的Life专栏正在征稿。请你以“Ways to Live a Healthy Life”为题写一篇短文投稿。
内容包括：
1．健康生活的意义；
2．健康生活的途径。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ways to Live a Healthy Life
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Ways to Live a Healthy Life
Life is beautiful.Never can we take our health for granted since happiness lies in health.Here are some tips on how to live a healthy life.
First of all，it would be a good idea if we could drink enough water every day，which is essential for our bodies to function well.What’s more，exercise whenever possible.Daily exercise is of great benefit to our health，such as lowering the risk of disease.Last but not least，getting rid of junk food，developing a balanced diet and keeping a positive attitude all contribute to a healthy life.
All in all, take a small step and you’ll never regret it.(共102张PPT)
UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
Period Two Learning About Language
课前自主预习
A．胡须；络腮胡子
B．香烟；卷烟
C．毒品；药物
D．跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走；蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳；蹦跳
E．剃(须发)；刮脸
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．He sat back and lit up a cigarette.( )
2．Some people entering religious groups have to shave their hair off as proof of their sincerity.( )
3．He was old and had a long white beard.( )
4．Side effects from the drug are uncommon.( )
5．You may skip and read only those passages which concern you.( )
【答案】1－5 BEACD
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．surgeon n．外科医生→_____________ n．外科手术；外科学
2．liberate v．解放；使自由→__________ n．解放；摆脱
(参考：celebrate→celebration)
【答案】1.surgery 2.liberation
3．disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→__________ vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼
(参考：interesting→interest)
4．special adj.特殊的；特别的→__________ n．专科医生；专家
(参考：real→realist)
5．consult v．咨询；请教→__________ n．顾问；高级顾问医师
(参考：assist→assistant)
【答案】3.disturb 4.specialist 5.consultant
Ⅲ.预备语法(不定式作主语)
观察下列句子，并根据句意用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空
1．________(lean) out of the window is dangerous.
2．________(make) him smile now seems impossible.
3．It is an offence ________ (drop) litter in the street.
4．It’s beneficial for everyone ________ (eat) regularly and healthily.
【答案】1.To lean 2.To make 3.to drop 4.to eat
课堂新知讲练
1．disturb vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼
(P17)It was not polite to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night.
【翻译】昨晚用大声的音乐打扰你的邻居是不礼貌的。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)disturb sb/sth 打扰某人/某事
(2)disturbing adj.令人烦恼的；令人不安的；引起恐慌的
(3)disturbed adj. 受干扰的；不安的
be disturbed by/about/at… 对……感到忧虑/不安
be disturbed to do sth 对做某事感到不安
be disturbed that … 担心……
(4)disturbance n. 骚乱；干扰
【用法详解】
【语境助记】
The noise outside disturbed him.The disturbance made him disturbed about his child who was sleeping.It was so disturbing that he opened his window and shouted to the workers there.
外面的噪音打扰了他。 这种干扰使他为正在睡觉的孩子感到不安。这太令人不安了，他打开窗户，对着那里的工人叫喊。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)She has shown me a great many ______(disturb) things.
(2)Farmers are deeply disturbed ________(hear) the bad news.
(3)We were greatly ________(disturb) by global warming.
【答案】(1)disturbing (2)to hear (3)disturbed
2．consultant n．顾问；高级顾问医师
(P17)useful/turn to/fitness consultant/for advice
【翻译】有用的/求助于/健身顾问/建议
(1)consult vt.& vi. 请教；咨询；商量
vt. 查阅；参考
consult sb about/on sth 向某人咨询某事
consult with sb about/on sth 同某人商量某事
consult a dictionary 查阅词典
(2)consultation n. 咨询；咨询会
【用法详解】
I need to consult with my colleagues on the proposals.
我需要和我的同事们商量一下这些提议。
The teacher advised us not to consult the dictionary for every new word.
老师建议我们不要每个生词都查字典。
She earns more since she repackaged herself as a business consultant.
自从她把自己重新包装成一名商业顾问后，她的收入就增加了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)If you have any trouble, you can consult ________ your friend Tom.
(2)You can consult Mr Wu ________ your health because he is a well-known doctor.
【答案】(1)with (2)about/on
(3)We invite Dr Li as our ________(consult) in the next five years.
(4)You can turn to Mr Green for ________(consult) if you want to solve this problem.
【答案】(3)consultant (4)consultation
3．take action采取行动
(P16)Most can be stopped by taking (appropriate) action.
【翻译】大部分坏习惯可以通过采取适当的行动加以制止。
take steps/measures采取措施
take notes做记录；记笔记
take a chance碰碰运气
take risks冒风险
take advantage (of) 利用；引诱
take charge (of) 负责(处理某事或照顾某人)；接管
【用法详解】
Let’s see how they will take action next.
让我们看看他们下一步要采取什么行动吧。
The government has taken measures to preserve order.
政府已采取措施维持秩序。
[针对练习]
选用前面的短语，补全下面句子
(1)We should ______________ our precious time to learn our lessons well.
(2)You ought to ________________ your own belongings on the train.
【答案】(1)take advantage of (2)take charge of
4．make up one’s mind下定决心
(P16)We need to make up our minds and show some (discipline)…
【翻译】我们需要下定决心，表现出一些纪律性……
change one’s mind 改变主意
keep/bear/have…in mind 记住；牢记在心
speak one’s mind 直言不讳
read one’s mind 看出某人的心思
【用法详解】
Martina Navratilova has never been afraid to speak her mind.
马丁娜·纳夫拉蒂洛娃从来不怕说出自己心中的想法。
Peter changed his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
彼得在最后一刻接到一个电话后就改变了主意。
【名师点津】
在短语“make up one’s mind”中，mind的单、复数形式要随其前面的one’s的单、复数形式而变化。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)We made up our minds ________ (go) to the country for our holiday.
(2)Always keep ________ mind that safety comes first.
【答案】(1)to go (2)in
完成句子
(3)We can’t seem to ______________________
whether we want a modern city or a traditional one.
我们似乎无法决定我们是想要一个现代城市还是一个传统城市。
(4)All of a sudden, a terrible thought _________________．
突然，一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里。
【答案】(3)make up our minds
(4)came into my mind
5．be composed of… 由……组成(或构成)的
(P16)Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on.
【翻译】生活是由许多要素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等。
(1)be composed of…＝be made up of…＝consist of…
由……组成
(2)composer n. 作曲家
(3)composition n. 作品；作曲；作文
【用法详解】
【语境助记】
The composer once created a famous song，which was composed of three parts.His composition helped him win a lot of prizes.
这位作曲家曾创作过一首由三部分组成的著名的歌曲。 他的作品帮他赢得了很多奖。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The sea water is mainly composed ________ water and salt.
(2)Ludwig van Beethoven was a German _____________ (compose) and pianist.
(3)The teacher singled out one__________(compose) for class discussion.
【答案】(1)of (2)composer (3)composition
一句多译
(4)他建议委员会应由草药品领域的专家组成。
He suggested that the committee should _________________ experts in the field of herbal medicinal products. (compose)
→He suggested that the committee should ________________ experts in the field of herbal medicinal products. (comprise)
→He suggested that the committee should _______________ experts in the field of herbal medicinal products. (make)
→He suggested that the committee should ________________ experts in the field of herbal medicinal products.(consist)
【答案】(4)be composed of; be comprised of; be made up of; consist of
6．take up拿起；继续；占用(时间、空间)；接受；开始(学、做)
(P17)I’m sure the app doesn’t take up much space.
【翻译】我相信这个应用程序不会占用太多的空间。
take down拆除；写下
take on呈现；雇用；承担
take over接管；承袭
take off脱掉；起飞；成功；开始流行
【用法详解】
Our village has taken on a new look.
我们村呈现了新貌。
[针对练习]
写出下列句子中take up的词义
(1)He took up his smartphone and began to dial.________
(2)I put the telephone down and took up my work again.
________
(3)I won’t take up much of your time.________
(4)I’d like to take up your offer of a ride into town.________
(5)Marx took up English when he was 50.________
【答案】(1)拿起 (2)继续 (3)占用(时间)
(4)接受 (5)开始(学、做)
完成句子
(6)He will ________________ my job while I am on holiday.
我度假时，他会接管我的工作。
(7)He __________ my wet boots and made me sit by the fire.
他脱掉我湿漉漉的靴子，让我在火炉旁坐下。
(8)The bridge ________________ piece by piece last year.
去年桥梁被一部分一部分地拆毁。
【答案】(6)take over (7)took off (8)was taken down
1．(P16)Neither too much nor too little is good.
【翻译】太多和太少都不好。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“neither…nor…”意为“既不……也不……”。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
使用neither…nor…时应注意如下几点：
(1)连接两个相同的句子成分。
(2)连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近”原则。
(3)遵循“就近”原则的并列连词还有：
either…or… 不是……就是……
not only…but also… 不仅……而且……
not…but… 不是……而是……
Not the passengers but the driver was to blame.
不是乘客而是司机应该受到责备。
Neither the father nor the children are interested in the film.
父亲和孩子们对这部电影都不感兴趣。
Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Neither you ________ Tom will be sent to work there.
(2)She lives in retirement, neither making nor ___________ (receive) visits.
(3)Either your brother or you ________(be) wrong.
(4)In all fairness, he had to admit that she was neither ________(honest) nor lazy.
【答案】(1)nor (2)receiving (3)are (4)dishonest
2．(P16)Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier.
【翻译】每天做些小的改变，你的生活方式就会变得更健康。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“Make small changes each day”是一个祈使句，在本句中相当于一个条件状语。
【归纳拓展】
在“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构中要注意以下几点：
(1)前后为承接关系时用and或then。
(2)前后是相反关系时用or, otherwise或or else。
(3)前面的祈使句可以改为if引导的条件状语从句，即：
祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If…，＋主句；
祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If…not…＋主句。
(4)前面的祈使句部分除了是动词短语外，还可以是名词，即：名词词组＋and＋陈述句。
Listen carefully, and you’ll understand it.
＝If you listen carefully, you’ll understand it.
仔细听，你就会明白。
Give up smoking, or/or else/otherwise you may die of lung cancer.
＝If you don’t give up smoking, you may die of lung cancer.
戒掉烟，否则你可能会死于肺癌。
It is really very dangerous. One more step, and the baby will fall into the well.
真危险。再多迈一步，这个小孩儿就掉进井里了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Pay more attention to the blackboard, ________ you will miss the point.
(2)________(take) more physical sports, and you will become healthy.
(3)Practise more, ________ you will become more skillful.
【答案】(1)or/otherwise/or else (2)Take (3)and
突 破 语 法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
1．To respect others is to be respected．
2．To finish so much homework is not easy for me.
3．It is important to listen to the teacher carefully in class．
【我的领悟】
1．句1中的主语和表语都是____________，其中的系动词is意为“是”。
2．在句2中，用不定式作主语，其谓语部分是一个______ _________结构。这类结构用于说明主语的特点或性质。
3．在句3中的It是一个形式主语，真正的主语是_________ _____。
Keys：1.动词不定式 2.系表
3．to listen to the teacher carefully in class
□动词不定式作主语
动词不定式(短语)作主语时，相当于名词或代词的作用，一般表示具体的、一次性的动作。
一、 不定式(短语)置于句首作主语时的主谓一致问题
1．单个不定式作主语时，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。
To get enough protein each day is beneficial to our health.
每天摄取足够的蛋白质对我们的健康有益。
2．两个或两个以上的不定式作主语时，若语义基本一致或不定式作为一个整体，谓语动词用单数；若语义不一致，则用复数。
To love and to be loved is sweet to us.
爱和被爱对我们来说都是甜蜜的。
To improve people’s lives and to speed up social construction are two important tasks.
改善人们的生活和加快社会建设是两项重要任务。
二、it作形式主语
动词不定式作主语时，若不定式太长，为避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，将真正的主语置于后面。
1．It is＋adj.＋(for/of sb) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是……
(1)如果形容词表示的是不定式的逻辑主语的性质、身份、特点，如careless, clever, good, kind, foolish, honest, impolite, lazy, nice, silly, wise等，则用介词of。
It is impolite of you to disturb others.
打扰他人是不礼貌的。
(2)如果形容词表示的是事物或行为的特点或性质，如difficult, easy, hard, important, impossible, necessary, inconvenient, essential 等，用介词for。
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.
在十五分钟内写完这篇作文对我们来说太难了。
2．It is＋n.＋to do sth. 做某事是……
It is a hard task to change long habits in a short time.
在短时间内改掉长期养成的习惯是一项艰巨的任务。
It is a doctor’s duty to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.
救死扶伤是医生的职责。
3．It takes sb some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间。
It took us nine years to build the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.
建造港珠澳大桥花费了我们9年的时间。
4．It seems＋形容词＋to do sth. (其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型)做某事似乎……
It seemed impossible to save money.
省钱似乎不可能。
5．“it＋…＋to do”也可位于动词believe, consider, discover, expect, find, think, wonder 等之后。
He thought it would be safer to go by train.
他认为乘火车比较安全。
6．当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用it is…to…的句型。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
三、不定式与动名词作主语的区别
1．动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作，而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited here.
这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)
It is not very good for you to smoke so much.
你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)
2．动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验；不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.
爬山很有趣。(经验)
To finish the task will take a long time.
要完成这项任务将花费很长时间。(目的)
【名师点津】
如果作主语的不定式是固定说法，或表示强烈的对比，或某些具体情况等，通常不用动名词替代。
Erroring is human.(×)
To error is human.(√)
没有不犯错的人。
□针对练习
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It is traditional ____(bring) a gift to a housewarming party.
2．It’s hard ________(tell) exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time.
3．The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise ___(do) it step by step.
【答案】1.to bring 2.to tell 3.to do
4．It is difficult ________(figure) out a global population of polar bears.
5．Then we will know how important ______ is to have meaning in our life.
6．Coming out of this experience, I realise it’s acceptable ________(be) different from others.
【答案】4.to figure 5.it 6.to be
7．It was impolite ________ you to speak to an outstanding teacher like this.
8．It took years of work ________(reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.
【答案】7.of 8.to reduce
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．________________________ is the greatest happiness one can get.(动词不定式)
爱并被爱是人生最大的幸福。
2．________________________ to write down everything the teacher says.(it 作形式主语)
你把老师说的一切都写下来是不必要的。
【答案】1．To love and to be loved
2．It is unnecessary for you
3．It took me half an hour ________________________．(动词不定式)
我从工作场所走到那儿花了半小时的时间。
4．________________________hasn’t been decided yet.(疑问词＋to do)
何时何地举行婚礼还没有决定。
【答案】3．to walk there from my workplace
4．When and where to hold the wedding
5．It is a great honour for us ___________________________ ____________．(动词不定式)
我们很荣幸出席了这次会议。
【答案】5．to be present at this conference/attend this conference
课后进阶专练
基础练
(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．________(try) our best to solve the problem is our duty.
2．It’s my honour ________(invite) to the opening ceremony of Asian Games.
3．When and where________(hold) the party hasn’t been decided.
【答案】1.To try 2.to be invited 3.to hold
4．It’s important for the figures________(update) regularly.
5．________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
6．It took us about two hours________(get) there that day.
【答案】4.to be updated 5.Traveling 6.to get
7．________(pay) a visit to the Forbidden City is my dream.
8．To make up for lost time ________(seem)impossible.
9．How ________(solve) the problem will be discussed some time later this afternoon.
【答案】7.To pay 8.seems 9.to solve
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．The university ________________ five academic schools.
整个大学由5个学院组成。
2．He has ________________________ rid of his bad habits.
他已经下定决心改掉他的坏习惯。
【答案】1．is composed of
2．made up his mind to get
3．____________________ too much time online.
在网上花太多时间是不健康的。
4．It will take about an hour ______________，allowing for traffic delays.
考虑到交通阻塞，到那里大约需要一小时。
5．_________ a solution to this problem _____ our priority.
找到解决这个问题的方法是我们的首要任务。
【答案】3.It is unhealthy to spend 4．to get there
5.To find; is
Ⅲ.单元语法专项填空
I have a lot of hobbies when I studied in college. It was hard for me to save money 1.______(keep) my hobbies. It was foolish of me 2.______(spend) plenty of time with those.But 3.______(study) hard was my first task at that time.
【答案】1.to keep 2.to spend 3.to study
I often got up early 4.________(catch) up with other students. It took me two terms 5._______(make) up for my lost time. I think 6.________(make) the same mistake is not wise because 7.________(become) a surgeon is not easy. I should take hold of the good chance and spare no effort 8.________(achieve) my goal. Now，I’m a doctor, and I will never forget the experience in that time.
【答案】4.to catch 5.to make 6.to make
7.to become 8.to achieve
Ⅳ.微写作
你校英文报正在开展以 Students’ Time Spent on Physical Exercise Weekly为题的讨论。请你以此为标题，使用图表中的调查结果写一篇英语短文参加讨论。内容包括：
1. 描述调查结果；
2. 分析其原因并给出建议。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Students’ Time Spent on Physical Exercise Weekly
Nowadays, many students are aware of the significance of physical exercise, although the time they spend on it varies.
It can be seen from the survey that the percentage of students who spend 2—3 hours a week, 3—4 hours a week and 4—5 hours a week is respectively 30%, 40% and 18%. However, there are still 12% of students who only spend 1—2 hours a week.
The survey shows that a significant number of students are committed to physical exercise. This trend may be due to increased awareness of the importance of physical fitness and promotion of sports activities by the school.
As far as I’m concerned, by continuing to promote and support physical activities within the school environment, we can ensure the overall well-being and health of our students.
提升练
(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Sleeping badly or working night shifts could be making you fat, weak and more likely to become diabetic.A study has revealed sleep loss changes the way people’s DNA works and makes the body more dedicated to storing fat.Muscles get smaller and fat stores begin to rise when people lose as little as one night’s sleep, the experts found.Although midnight snacks or being too tired to exercise could be blamed for tired people getting fatter, there may now be a more scientific reason.
Researchers have linked losing sleep to weight gain in the past but have found it difficult to explain—now they reveal it could be linked to the body clock.And a tired body also becomes less able to handle sugar in the blood which raises the risk of someone developing type 2 diabetes.
Sleep researchers from Uppsala University in Sweden did a study on 15 people who they tested after a full night’s sleep and after a sleepless night.They took fat and muscle tissue samples and collected blood from the healthy weight participants and found the way their DNA works had changed.The researchers say their findings are important because high levels of body fat increase the risk of the world’s biggest causes of death: cancer, heart disease and stroke.
People’s sensitivity to blood sugar is also dampened when they’re tired, the study found, which suggests those who don’t sleep well are at higher risk of type 2 diabetes.“We saw that the fatty tissue is attempting to increase its capacity to store fat following sleep loss，”said Dr Cedernaes. “And we observed signs of breakdown of skeletal muscle.We also noted changes in levels of proteins involved in handling blood glucose (葡萄糖).This could help explain why the participants’ glucose sensitivity was impaired following sleep loss.”
Taken together, these observations may provide at least partial insight as to why chronic sleep loss and shift work can increase the risk of adverse weight gain as well as the risk of type 2 diabetes.
1．If you sleep badly or work night shifts, what may NOT happen to you according to the text
A．You can be fat, weak and more likely to become diabetic.
B．Your body may become less able to handle sugar in the blood.
C．You might develop a habit of eating midnight snacks or being too tired to exercise.
D．Your body is more absorbed in storing fat.
2．Which of the following statements may the author agree with
A．Researchers have never connected losing sleep to weight gain before.
B．The participants’ glucose sensitivity was destroyed following sleep loss.
C．The researchers have fully understood why sleep loss accounts for weight gain.
D．A sleepless night can have a negative impact on our bodies.
3．What does the underlined word “dampened” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Decreased. B．Transformed.
C．Transmitted. D．Promoted.
4．What does Paragraph 3 mainly focus on
A．The importance of the new findings.
B．Why lack of sleep accounts for weight gain.
C．How the research was conducted.
D．High levels of body fat can lead to many diseases.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明睡眠不足或睡眠不佳会改变人体DNA的工作方式，使身体更专注于储存脂肪。因此，这也从一定程度上揭示了为什么长期睡眠不足和轮班工作会增加体重和患二型糖尿病的风险。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，睡眠不好或上夜班可能会让你变胖、变弱，更容易患糖尿病。一项研究表明，睡眠不足会改变人的DNA工作方式，使身体更倾向于储存脂肪。根据第二段中的“And a tired body also becomes less able to handle sugar in the blood which raises the risk of someone developing type 2 diabetes.”可知，如果你睡眠不好或上夜班，你的身体处理血液中的糖分的能力可能会降低。文中未提及你可能会养成吃夜宵的习惯，或者因为太累而无法锻炼。故选C项。
2．D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Muscles get smaller and fat stores begin to rise when people lose as little as one night’s sleep, the experts found.”可知，一晚上不睡觉会对我们的健康带来消极影响。故选D项。
3．A 词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“People’s sensitivity to blood sugar is also dampened when they’re tired, the study found, which suggests those who don’t sleep well are at higher risk of type 2 diabetes.”可知，人们在睡眠不足时，患二型糖尿病的风险更高，所以上文人们的血糖敏感性是受到了睡眠缺失的影响，因此敏感性下降。故选A项。
4．C 段落大意题。根据第三段可知，瑞典乌普萨拉大学的睡眠研究人员对15个人进行了一项研究，分别在睡一整晚和一夜未眠后对他们进行了测试。他们采集了健康体重参与者的脂肪和肌肉组织样本，并采集了血液，发现他们的DNA工作方式发生了变化。由此可知，本段主要讲如何做这项研究。故选C项。
Ⅱ.七选五
People say water can improve health and memory.But now some experts say that to think drinking water equals health is taking things too far and that hydration(水合作用) is about the balance between electrolytes(电解质) like sodium and the water in your body.
Then, how much water do you need to drink Many say you should drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day.Not so, some experts say.__1__ A 200-pound person who hikes 10 miles in the heat needs more water than a 120-pound office manager in a temperature-controlled building.
__2__ Someone with a heart condition or kidney stones has one level of need.A person taking diuretic drugs(利尿药) may need a different amount of water.You may need to change the amount you are drinking if you have been ill with vomiting or diarrhea.
Water is a better choice than sugary sodas or fruit juices.__3__One popular idea is that caffeine or alcohol will make your body lose much water.But one study showed the effect is not significant.You also get water from what you eat.Fruits, vegetables, and soups all add to the intake of water.Your body will tell you if you are hydrated enough.You don’t have to think about it or add up the ounces you drink.__4__
Electrolytes are essential minerals. __5__ Some sports drinks ads say you need to add electrolytes to stay healthy.But some experts say that your body produces electrolytes.You may need more water if you exercise a lot during the heat of the day.Otherwise, most people get enough electrolytes from food.
A．Just drink when you are thirsty.
B．They are vital to many functions in the body.
C．It gives you more energy and makes you look good.
D．Instead, your body and the activities you attend matter.
E．It is also necessary to set a timetable about when to drink water.
F．The amount of water you need in a day also depends on your health.
G．But when it comes to hydration, any drink can add water to your system.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。首先，文章提出两个关于水的不同观点：饮水能改善健康状况与记忆；饮水并不等同于健康，水合作用是体内电解质与水的平衡。然后从四方面对后者展开论证。
1．D 根据空格前的“Then, how much water do you need to drink？”引出本段话题：你需要喝多少水？然后提出许多人对此的看法，但被专家否定了。后面对比不同人的需水量，说明了体重及其进行的活动不同，需水量不同。D项“相反，你的身体状况和你参加的活动很关键。”符合语境。故选D项。
2．F 根据空格后的“heart condition…kidney stones…A person taking diuretic drugs(利尿药)…vomiting or diarrhea”可看出，该段主要在说需水量与个人身体健康状况有关，此处为该段的主旨句。F项“你一天所需的水量也取决于你的健康状况。”符合语境。故选F项。
3．G 根据空格后的“You also get water from what you eat.”可知，人们可以从吃的食物中获取水，其中also说明前面已经提出了一个人体中水的来源。G项“但是说到补水，任何饮料都可以给你的身体补充水分。”符合语境，且与第一句“Water is a better choice than sugary sodas or fruit juices.”相呼应。故选G项。
4．A 根据空格前的“Your body will tell you if you are hydrated enough.You don’t have to think about it or add up the ounces you drink.”可知，你口渴的时候就是身体在给你信号，所以你在这个时候喝水就可以了，不必专门去考虑体内的水是否充足。A项“在你感到口渴时喝水就行。”符合语境。故选A项。
5．B 根据空格后的“add electrolytes to stay healthy”表明电解质有利健康，说明电解质在人体内有重要作用，B项“它们对身体的许多功能都至关重要。”符合语境，They对应Electrolytes，vital对应essential。故选B项。
