(共134张PPT)
UNIT 5 POEMS
Period Two Learning About Language
课前自主预习
A．架子；搁板
B．核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿
C．空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的；空白；空格
D．版本；(从不同角度的)说法
E．时代；年代；纪元
F．播种；种
G．种子；起源；萌芽
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．These vegetables can be grown from seed.( )
2．We are on the threshold of a new era in astronomy.( )
3．Sow the seed in a warm place in February or March.( )
4．It makes sense to buy the most up-to-date version.( )
5．She turned to a blank page in her notebook.( )
6．We need to concentrate on our core business.( )
7．The book I wanted was on the top shelf.( )
【答案】1－7 GEFDCBA
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．civil adj.国民的；平民的；国家的→______n．平民；老百姓
(参考：Egypt→Egyptian)
2．sympathy n．同情；赞同→______________adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
【答案】1.civilian 2.sympathetic
3．innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的
→______________ n．天真；单纯；无罪
(参考：confident→confidence)
4．correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
→______________ n．来往信件；通信联系
(参考：depend→dependence)
5．dominance n．支配；控制→______________adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的(参考：importance→important)
【答案】3.innocence 4.correspondence 5.dominant
Ⅲ.预备语法(定语从句)
观察下列句子，并用适当的词填空
1．Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of ________ only 14 made it to Greenland.
2．Eric reached Greenland and discovered that people could live in the place ________ he landed.
3．Biarni was the man with ______ Leif discussed his plans.
答案】1.which 2.where 3.whom
4．He won the first prize in the contest，________ was more than we expected.
5．This is the best book ________ I have ever read.
6．The air quality in the city，________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.
【答案】4.which 5.that 6.as
课堂新知讲练
1．core n．核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿
(P52)The purpose of (literary) criticism is to get to the core of the text and discover what message the author is attempting to convey.
【翻译】文学批评的目的就是要触及文章的核心，发现作者试图表达出来的信息。
◇词汇拓讲
the core of… ……的核心
get to the core of… 触及……的核心
at the core of 在……的核心
to the core彻底；十足；透顶
【用法详解】
She was shaken to the core by the news.
这消息使她大为震惊。
The boy ate the apple and threw the core away.
这个男孩吃了苹果，把核扔掉了。
Concern for the environment is at the core of our policies.
对环境的关注是我们政策的核心。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)It took a long time to ______________________ the affair.
花了很长时间才弄清这件事的核心。
(2)She is __________________________．
她是这个队伍的核心成员。
(3)He’s a politician __________________________．
他是个十足的政客。
【答案】(1)get to the core of (2)the core of the team
(3)to the core
2．blank adj.空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的
n．空白；空格
(P52)Blank verse is probably one of the most common and influential forms of English (poetry).
【翻译】无韵诗可能是英语诗歌中最常见和最具影响力的形式之一。
(1)go blank (屏幕、脑子等)突然出现空白
draw a blank 一无所获
leave blank 留空
(2)blank out 取消；作废；失去记忆/意识
(3)blankly adv. 茫然地；毫无表情地
【用法详解】
Suddenly, the screen went blank.
屏幕突然变成一片空白。
Sign your name in the blank space below.
把名字签在下面的空白处。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)We tried to explain again，but he just gave us ___ blank look.
(2)All of a sudden，my mind ________ (go) blank totally.
完成句子
(3)Jane sat at the desk, staring at ______________________．
简坐在书桌旁，凝视着空白的屏幕。
【答案】(1)a (2)went (3)the blank screen
3．sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
(P53)In these poems the poet Tagore shows a sympathetic understanding of children’s feelings.
【翻译】在这些诗歌中，诗人泰戈尔对儿童的情感表现出同情的理解。
(1)be sympathetic to/towards/with sth/sb 赞同某事；同情某人
(2)sympathy n. 同情；赞同
feel/have sympathy for sb 同情某人
in sympathy with 赞同；支持
with sympathy 同情地
out of sympathy 出于同情
(3)sympathetically adv. 同情地；有同情心地；赞同地
【用法详解】
Most of the time, they will be very sympathetic to/towards you and your cause.
大多数情况下，他们会非常同情你的遭遇。
She expressed heartfelt sympathy for her friend, who had lost her pet cat.
她对失去宠物猫的朋友表示由衷的同情。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)We are in sympathy ________ your stand on lower taxes.
(2)After a year we will ________ (sympathy) consider an application for retirement.
(3)I had sympathy ________ him；he brought up his two children on his own.
【答案】(1)with (2)sympathetically (3)for
完成句子
(4)Though she did love going camping, she presented that poor boy with the tent ________________.
虽然她很喜欢去露营，但出于同情，她把帐篷送给了那个可怜的男孩。
【答案】(4)out of sympathy
4．innocence n．天真；单纯；无罪
(P53)The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
【翻译】原因是他们可以感受到爱的温暖，享受童年的纯真。
(1)in all innocence无恶意地；单纯地
(2)innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的
innocent of 无罪的，清白的
(3)innocently adv.天真地；若无其事地；纯洁地；无罪地
obtain/get/receive sth innocently清白地得到某物
【用法详解】
She protested her innocence.
她声称自己是无辜的。
All those wounded were innocent victims.
所有受伤的人都是无辜的受害者。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The man was found innocent ________ any crime at last.
(2)They hope this new evidence will prove her ____(innocent).
(3)I asked her ________ all innocence how old she was, and she got quite annoyed.
(4)I caught Lucy’s eye, but she only smiled back at me ________(innocent).
【答案】(1)of (2)innocence (3)in (4)innocently
5．sow vt.& vi.播种；种
(P53)These letters obviously helped sow the seeds of love between the two.
【翻译】这些信件显然在两人之间播下了爱的种子。
sow sth with sth 在某地种下某物
sow sth (in sth) 灌输；激起；煽动
sow among… 在……中播种
sow doubt in sb’s mind 使某人心怀疑虑；使某人起疑心
sow confusion制造混乱
sow the seeds of… 成为……的肇端；播下……的种子
sow the seeds for… 为……铺平道路/奠定基础
【用法详解】
The land is clear of weeds and sowed with rice.
这块地清理了杂草，种上了水稻。
With nearly a third of British women earning more than their men, the results could sow doubt in millions of minds.
由于近三分之一的英国女性比她们的丈夫挣得多，可能会有数百万人对这一研究结果感到怀疑。
We sow the seeds of knowledge, happiness and dream.
我们播种知识、快乐与梦想。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)His words __________________________．
他的话让我心存疑虑。
【答案】(1)sowed doubt in my mind
(2)Yesterday’s news ________________ among the citizens.
昨天的消息在市民中引起了混乱。
(3)His carelessness _____________ the accident afterwards.
他的粗心为后来的事故埋下了祸根。
【答案】(2)sowed confusion
(3)sowed the seeds of
6．correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系
(P53)Browning fell in love with her poetry and then they entered into personal correspondence.
【翻译】布朗宁爱上了她的诗歌，然后他们开始了私人通信。
(1)corresponding adj.相应的；相关的
(2)correspond vi.相一致；符合；相当于；通信
correspond with… 和……通信；与……相一致
correspond to相符合；匹配；相当于
(3)hold/keep up correspondence with sb
与某人保持通信联系
in correspondence with… 和……一致；与……有通信联系
【用法详解】
I think you can do it via correspondence.
我认为你可以通过通信来解决。
These goods don’t correspond with/to the list of those I ordered.
这些货物与我的订货单不相符。
The gills of a fish correspond to our lungs.
鱼的鳃相当于我们的肺。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Your account of the accident does not correspond ______ hers.
(2)I have been corresponding ______ him since we graduated from college.
【答案】(1)with/to (2)with
一句多译
(3)只有当你言行一致时，你才能和别人相处融洽。
Only when what you do is __________________ what you say can you get along well with others.(correspondence)
→Only when what you do __________________ what you say can you get along well with others.(correspond)
【答案】(3)in correspondence with; corresponds with/to
7．dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的
(P53)It was because Barrett’s father was a dominant and selfish man.
【翻译】那是因为巴雷特的父亲是一个独断且自私的人。
(1)be dominant in… 在……方面占优势
be dominant over 在主导地位
(2)dominance n．优势；统治；支配
(3)dominate vt.控制；支配；占优势；在……中占主要地位
dominate over 统治；支配
be dominated by/with 被……占据/支配
【用法详解】
As a child, he was dominated by his father.
他小时候由父亲主宰一切。
The dominant feature of the room was the large fireplace.
这间屋子要数那个大壁炉最显眼了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The firm soon achieved complete______ (dominant) in the marketplace.
(2)Mr Smith is a ________(dominate) person in the company.
【答案】(1)dominance (2)dominant
完成句子
(3)That peak ____________________ all other hills.
那个山峰俯瞰群山。
(4)Yesterday’s chart __________________ rappers.
昨天的排行榜被说唱歌手占据。
【答案】(3)is dominant over (4)was dominated by
1．(P52)It seems incredible to me that the question of how best to (arrange) books on shelves could cause a lively online discussion.
【翻译】在我看来，如何最好地摆放书架上的书的问题在网上引起热烈的讨论，这似乎令人难以置信。
◇句式解读
【句式剖析】
本句中的It是一个形式主语，其后的“seems incredible to me”则是一个系表结构。后面that引导的从句则是句子中真正的主语。
【归纳拓展】
(1)it后面的系动词最常用的是be，也可以是seem, appear, look等。
(2)“It is＋形容词＋that从句”这个句型中的代词It在句中是一个形式主语，后面的形容词在句子中作表语，而后面的that从句则是句子真正的主语。
(3)出现在这个句型中的形容词通常有：important, necessary, wrong, possible, impossible, basic, fundamental, vital, natural, common, strange, normal等。
(4)部分“It is＋adj.＋that从句．”可以转化为“It is＋adj.＋for sb to do sth.”。
It is impossible that they should have finished so much work in such a short time.
＝It is impossible for them to have finished so much work in such a short time.
他们在这么短的时间内完成这么多的工作是不可能的。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)________ is common that many people would rather see films than read books.
(2)It was quite true ________ Mike had got the first prize in the speech contest last week.
(3)It is necessary ________ you to give up smoking in order to keep healthy.
(4)It is vital for us ________(keep) the environment clean.
【答案】(1)It (2)that (3)for (4)to keep
2．(P53)The reason is that they can feel the warmth of love and enjoy the innocence of childhood.
【翻译】原因是他们可以感受到爱的温暖，享受童年的纯真。
【句式剖析】
本句中的that为从属连词，引导一个表语从句。
【归纳拓展】
(1)that引导表语从句时，常常用于解释主语的内容。
(2)that不在从句中充当任何成分，只起引导从句的作用，但不能省略。
The problem is that we can’t get the money we need.
问题是我们不能得到我们所需要的钱。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)My suggestion is __________________________(我们明天开一个会议).
【答案】
(1)that we hold a meeting tomorrow
(2)Their proposal is ______________________________(在这里应修建一座桥梁).
(3)The advantage is that __________________________(我们很好地掌握了英语).
【答案】
(2)that a bridge should be built here
(3)we have a good command of English
3．(P53)He was born during the mid-Tang Dynasty, which was a period of rebuilding and recovery for the Tang Empire.
【翻译】他出生在唐朝中期，这是唐朝帝国重建和恢复的时期。
【句式剖析】
本句中的which是一个关系代词，在句中引导一个非限制性定语从句，对前面的先行词“the mid-Tang Dynasty”进行补充说明。
【归纳拓展】
which引导非限制性定语从句时，其用法注意如下三点：
(1)非限制性定语从句只对先行词作补充说明，不作限定的作用。
(2)其先行词可以是一个词，也可以是一个句子。
(3)非限制性定语从句或它的先行词指物时，只能用which引导这个定语从句，不可用that。
Over time, a lot of soil has been removed, which has caused serious erosion of the land along the river.
(“a lot of soil has been removed”是主句，“which has…along the river”是非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整个句子。)
经年累月，大量的泥土被冲走，导致河流两岸严重的水土流失。
Mike got his car stolen last night, which made him very sad.
(本句中的which指代的就是前面“汽车被偷”这件事，其先行词是一个句子，而不是一个名词。)
迈克的汽车昨晚被偷了，这使得他很难过。
The bridge, which was built in the 1950s, got destroyed in a heavy rain last month.
(在本句中，定语从句对bridge作出一个补充说明，因此，译成中文时，定语从句翻译成另外一个句子，而不翻译成定语。)
这座桥建于20世纪50年代，在上个月的大雨中，它被冲毁了。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)I could only have left it on the G9 bus, ________ was now speeding in the dark to some unknown station.
(2)I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, ________ allowed me to keep my high social status.
【答案】(1)which (2)which
完成句子
(3)The little dog looks smart, _______________________(它是我上周买的).
(4)The little boy did very well in the exam，____________(这使得他的父母很高兴).
【答案】(3)which I bought last week
(4)which made his parents very happy
突 破 语 法
□观察领悟
【例句观察】
1．We found the boy whose father is a doctor.
2．I don’t know the reason why he didn’t help me.
3．Can you tell me the way in which you learn English
4．This is the school where I studied 10 years ago.
5．My brother, who is an engineer, is thirty-two.
【我的领悟】
一、从句中的关联词语在句中所起的作用有：
1．本句中的whose是一个关系______，引导后面的定语从句，并在从句中作______。
2．本句中的why是一个关系______，引导后面的定语从句，并在从句中作______。
3．本句中的which是一个关系______，引导后面的定语从句，并在从句中作______。
Keys：1.代词；定语 2.副词；状语 3.代词；宾语
4．本句中的where是一个关系______，引导后面的定语从句，并在从句中作______。
5．本句中的who是一个关系______，引导后面的定语从句，并在从句中作______。
Keys：4.副词；状语 5.代词；主语
二、综合上面的句子分析，我们可以看出关系词在句中的作用主要有：
1．连接主句和________。
2．代替________，以免重复。
3．在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分；关系________主要在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语；关系副词主要在从句中作________。
Keys：1.从句 2.先行词 3.代词；状语
□如何确定定语从句的关系词
关系词代替先行词并在定语从句中充当句子成分，所以引导词是由先行词的种类和关系词在定语从句中所做的成分决定的。具体地讲，要注意如下几个方面：
一、定语从句基本概念
1．定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，相当于形容词的作用。
The book that I borrowed is interesting.(修饰名词book)
2．核心概念：
(1)先行词：被定语从句修饰的词(如例句中的book)。
(2)关系词：连接主句和从句的词(如that, which, who, where等)。
(3)关系词的功能：在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语或状语。
二、关系词的分类与用法
1．关系代词
关系词 指代对象 从句中充当的成分 例句
who 人 主语、宾语 The teacher who teaches us is kind.(主语)
whom 人 宾语(可省略) The boy (whom) you met is my friend.(宾语)
which 物 主语、宾语 The pen which is on the desk is mine.(主语)
关系词 指代对象 从句中充当的成分 例句
that 人或物 主语、宾语 The movie that we watched was amazing.(宾语)
whose 人或物的所属关系 定语 The girl whose bag was lost is crying.(定语)
as 人或物 主语、表语、宾语 He married her, as was natural.(主语)
【易混辨析】
which和as引导非限制性定语从句时有区别：
位置上：as从句可以放在句首、句中或句尾，而which从句不能放在句首。
As we had seen, oceans cover more than 70% percent of the earth.
词义上：as有“正如，好像”之义，习惯上常与表示感知的动词或形容词连用，多构成固定表达，常见的有：as is well known，as we know，as was expected等。而which(这时表示“这”或“这一点”)引导的非限制性定语从句无此惯例。
As is known to us, the moon goes round the earth.
Jack came late for school, which made his teacher angry.
2．关系副词
关系词 修饰对象 从句中充当的成分 例句
where 地点 状语(＝介词＋which) This is the park where (＝in which) we played.
when 时间 状语(＝介词＋which) I remember the day when(＝on which) we met.
why 原因(reason) 状语(＝for which) The reason why(＝for which) he left is unclear.
注意：
如果先行词是地点/时间/原因，但从句中缺主语或宾语，则用关系代词which/that。
The time that I spent was unforgettable.
三、特殊情况
1．只能用that的情况
(1)先行词是不定代词(如：all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, few, any，none等)或先行词被all, only, every, no, some, any, little, few, very(恰好，正是)等修饰时。
He repeated none of the errors that he’d made first time round.
(2)先行词既有人又有物时。
At first he talked about the peoples and the countries that he had seen.
(3)先行词是序数词，形容词的最高级或被序数词，形容词的最高级修饰时。
The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.
He was the second (person) that told me the secret.
He is one of the richest that live in this area.
This is the best book that I have read this year.
(4)关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。
Our village is no longer the place that it used to be.
(5)主句是以who/that开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是疑问代词who时(以免重复)。
Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in
Who that has seen his works doesn’t admire him
(6)先行词被the same修饰时。
Yesterday I met the same scientist that you met last year.
2．不能用that的情况
(1)引导词在定语从句中作介词宾语且置于该介词之后时，先行词如果是人用whom，先行词如果是物则用which，并且whom和which都不可以省略。
The person at whom the boys are laughing is my brother.
The room in which we live is very clean.
注意：
①将介词移至定语从句中或句尾时，whom可换用who或that，也可省去；which可换为that，也可省去。
The man (whom/who/that) I spoke to just now is our manager.
The day (which/that)she arrived on was Wednesday.
②在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，动词和介词不可分割，一旦分割开，意思就发生了改变。
This is the pen which I’m looking for. (√)
不能变成：This is the pen for which I’m looking. (×)
(2)在非限制性定语从句中。
The sun, which is very hot, gives a lot of energy to man.
(3)先行词是that时(以免重复)。
What’s that which is moving on the table
3．只能用as的情况
先行词是the same, such或被the same, such, as修饰时，引导词应用as(构成the same…as, such…as和as…as等结构)。
Such students as you have mentioned should be criticised.
I have the same trouble in pronunciation as you (have).
Pollution is such a big problem as concerns the whole mankind.
We have repaired the machine (in) the same way as they (have).
He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.
注意：先行词被the same修饰时，可以跟as，也可以跟that作关系代词，但是意义有区别。
比较：
That’s the same watch as I lost yesterday. 那块手表和我的昨天丢的相似。(不是同一块)
That’s the same watch that I lost yesterday. 那就是我昨天丢的手表。(同一块)
四、关系词的省略
1．关系词在定语从句中作及物动词的宾语时，或者作介词的宾语且介词放在句尾时，可以省略。
The boy (whom/who/that) we saw yesterday was John.
Is this the computer room (which/that) you work in
2．引导词that在定语从句中作表语时可以省略。
The city is not the one (that) it was ten years ago.
五、引导词的转换
1．当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词(如time, morning, day, the place, house, the reason等)，而且关系词又在定语从句中作状语时，一般使用when, where或 why，也可以换成相应的“介词＋关系代词”。具体如下：
when＝at/in/on/during…which(时间状语)
where＝at/in…which(地点状语)
why＝for which(原因状语)
I still remember the year when (＝in which) I worked with Mr Smith.
He has a small garden where (＝in which) trees may be planted.
We didn’t know the reason why (＝for which) he was late again.
2．关系代词whose指具体事物或抽象概念时，可与“of＋which”结构互换，但词序不同，即“whose＋名词”＝“the＋名词＋of which”＝“of which＋the＋名词”。
注意：
①用of短语修饰的名词前应带定冠词the，而whose修饰的名词前则不用定冠词。
②of短语放在被修饰的名词的前后均可，而whose只能放在名词前。
□针对练习
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He is the teacher ________ taught me English.
2．This is the reason ________ I was late.
3．The book ________ cover is red is mine.
【答案】1.who/that 2.why 3.whose
4．The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing the steps along the Silk Route________brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
5．Chinese cultural elements commemorating Tang Xianzu，________is known as“the Shakespeare of Asia”，add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon，William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【答案】4.that/which 5.who
6．Of course，shops are not charities—they price goods in the way________will make them the most money.
7．Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, ________ became a national monument in 1978, took the honours as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million.
【答案】6.that/which 7.which
8．Proposed in May last year by Conor Gallapher, the plan seeks to address the shortage of available garden space in response to rising demand in towns and cities, particularly in London, _______there are waiting lists of up to 40 years for allotment sites.
9．The doctor may also ask the patient about stress at work or home and any difficulties ________may be causing the patient to be out of balance.
【答案】8.where 9.that
Ⅱ.语法填空
用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。
Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer 1.________ wrote around 500 books 2.________ included mystery stories，science and history books.But his best-known work was his science fiction stories.Asimov had both an extraordinary imagination 3.________ gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with 4.________ he searched for explanations of everything in the present and the past.
【答案】1.who 2.that/which 3.that/which 4.which
Asimov’s life began in Russia, 5.________ he was born on 2 January，1920.It ended in New York on 6 April, 1992, 6.________ he died as a result of an HIV infection 7.________ he had got from a blood transfusion nine years earlier.
【答案】5.where 6.when 7.that/which
课后进阶专练
基础练
(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It seems reasonable to me ________ you can leave ahead of time if you have finished your work.
2．All kinds of flowers come out ________ the approach of spring.
【答案】1.that 2.at
3．She did badly in the examination, which made her in a ________(depress) mood these days.
4．Has Mrs Li told you the reason ________ she was late for work yesterday morning
5．The reason for his being absent from work yesterday was ________ he went to the hospital.
6．Mr Wu would sit by the door, lost in thought of his ________(innocence) childhood.
【答案】3.depressed 4.why5.that 6.innocent
7．Mike had his car broken in the front, ________ kept him in a sad mood.
8．They entered into personal _______________________ (correspond) three years ago.
9．The old lady shows deep ________(sympathetic) towards the poor people.
10．Mike managed to convince his best friend ________(go) on the trip with him.
【答案】7.which 8.correspondence 9.sympathy 10.to go
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．His theory has ________________________ the modern construction of China.
他的理念对于中国的现代化建设有着重要的影响。
2．The reason ________ she is in low spirits is ________ she has heard about her mother’s illness.
她这几天情绪低落的原因是听说母亲病了。
【答案】1．a great influence on 2．why; that
3．I’m writing to __________________ your falling ill during your stay in Beijing.
你在北京逗留期间突然生病，我写信深表同情。
4．They ___________________ for more than ten months.
他们相爱已经十月有余了。
【答案】3．express my sympathy for
4．have been in love
Ⅲ.单元语法专项填空
I have a good friend 1.________ name is Song Jia.She is from a town 2._______ rice is grown.She likes reading novels 3._______ are written by Italians.She often goes to the park 4.________ many beautiful flowers are grown.She often discusses the problems 5.________ she can’t solve by herself.
【答案】1.whose 2.where 3.which/that
4.where 5.that/which
She went to the city 6._______ her father 7.________(work) last year to experience life.This year she wants to visit the city of Beijing 8.________her aunt lives.She is so kind 9.________ she is ready to help the people 10.________ are in trouble.
【答案】6.where 7.worked 8.where 9.that 10.who/that
Ⅳ.微写作
在中国的历史上出现了许许多多的诗人，他们创作出了许多美丽的诗篇。其中，李白和杜甫就是唐朝时期两位非常重要的诗人。李白一生中游历了祖国的名山大川，他通过自己的诗作赞美祖国的大好河山。杜甫同情民众，关心百姓疾苦。他通过自己的诗歌，描述平民百姓的艰苦生活。在文学界，他们被合称为“李杜”。
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
One possible version：
In the history of China, there have been many poets who have composed many beautiful poems and verses. Among them, Li Bai and Du Fu were two dominant poets in the Tang Dynasty. Li Bai paid visits to famous mountains and great rivers in his lifetime. He sang high praise for the beautiful rivers and mountains of his motherland through his poems. Du Fu showed great sympathy for the civilians and cared about their sufferings. He described the hard life of the common people through his poems. In the literary world, they are collectively known as “Li Du”．
提升练
(建议用时：15分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Bard, Kinetic(Coffee House Press, 2023) by Anne Waldman, one of the most important living American poets, is a new collection of autobiographical(自传体的) pieces, including published and unpublished essays, correspondence, interviews, and poems from the last 20 years.
Though the origin of the texts and poems is relatively recent, Bard, Kinetic tracks Waldman’s life from her childhood in Greenwich Village to the present. Rather than a memoir(回忆录), this energetic collection integrates her stories into contexts—literary, political, spiritual, familial.
In Sketch, the first and longest piece in the book, Waldman describes what guided her to poetry from an early age—her intellectual and artistic parents encouraged her “to read widely, to write, think, talk about it, be curious and critical”.
Reading Sketch for its wonderful autobiographical details and the successful moments that run through Waldman’s life is a pleasure. In Interview with Poetas, Madrid 2018, another piece from the book’s second section, she wrote, “We need cultural and humanitarian revolution. We need poetry to remind us of the magic we have had that needs attendance and recharge.” Her voice and vision have a collective width.
Waldman insists on combining art with nearly every aspect of her life. Bard, Kinetic, at all points, a high-energy construct, and at all points, an energy-discharge, puts readers on the path to recognising poetry as a mental aid, as an action that reaches across geography, species, and time. As she wrote in the book’s preface, she commands herself to “keep pushing for knowledge, study with a deeper investigation and a deeper action.
The action, totally necessary”. These are high aims that Waldman has insisted on, tirelessly, her entire life. Waldman shines.Her heart could be our heart.
This new book is best read as a companion of Vow to Poetry(2001), Waldman’s previous collection of interviews and autobiographical essays, which will help readers appreciate this book better.
1．What do we know about Bard, Kinetic by Waldman
A．It is a memoir.
B．It documents her life and work.
C．It is her first collection of poems.
D．It is to be issued by Coffee House Press.
2．What’s the purpose of Paragraph 3
A．To introduce Waldman’s writing styles.
B．To add relevant background information.
C．To help readers gain partial insight into the book.
D．To persuade readers to conduct selective reading.
3．What is implied in the underlined sentence “Her heart could be our heart.” in Paragraph 4
A．We should stick to our goals.
B．We should learn poems by heart.
C．We should seek fame and wealth.
D．We should enjoy life to our hearts’ content.
4．What’s the text
A．A diary entry. B．A news report.
C．A book review. D．An autobiography.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国诗人Anne Waldman的新书Bard，Kinetic。这本自传体的作品收录了过去20年中Waldman发表和未发表的作品。文章的重点在于强调Waldman将艺术与生活融合的思想，以及诗歌对于心灵的治愈和超越时空、种族的力量。
1．B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“…Bard, Kinetic tracks Waldman’s life from her childhood in Greenwich Village to the present. Rather than a memoir(回忆录)…familial.”可知，Bard, Kinetic记录了Waldman的生活和工作。故选B项。
2．C 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，本段描述了书中两篇作品的相关信息，因而其目的是帮助读者了解这本书的部分内容。故选C项。
3．A 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As she wrote in the book’s preface，she commands herself to…These are high aims that Waldman has insisted on，tirelessly，her entire life.”可知，Waldman一生孜孜不倦地坚持着自己的崇高目标。由此可推知，画线句指读者应该学习她对目标执着的追求精神。故选A项。
4．C 推理判断题。本文的第一段对书籍Bard，Kinetic给出了总的描述，在接下来的段落中描述了书的内容及作者对目标的追求，最后一段是对这本书的评价。由此可知，本文是对书籍Bard，Kinetic的一篇书评。故选C项。
B
In a survey in the United Kingdom, elderly adults who joined weekly read-aloud groups reported better concentration and an improved ability to socialise.
The survey’s authors owed these improvements in large part to the “rich, varied diet of serious literature” that group members consumed, with fiction encouraging relaxation and calmness, poetry developing focused concentration, and narratives of all sorts giving rise to thoughts, feelings, and memories.
The second-century Greek doctor Antyllus even prescribed daily recitation to his patients, recommending it as a kind health-giving nutrient and declaring “Epic verse is the best for one’s health”. Reading an epic poem might be a tall order, but in truth, almost any kind of reading to another person can be beneficial. That seems to be especially true for patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease, according to a 2017 University of Liverpool study of 800,000 patients.
“Reading a literary text together explores the power of reading as a cognitive(认知的) process, allowing readers a sense of subjective and shared experiences at the same time，” the study’s authors wrote.
We are not the only species to benefit from this kind of oral medicine. Dogs do, too, which is why, since 2014, volunteers have read to the animals under the group’s care. “I noticed that the dogs that were very fearful would slowly move forward to the front. They would appear to be listening, and they would become very relaxed. On the day I stopped by, a retired opera singer was reading the sci-fi thriller Logan’s Run to half a dozen dogs.”
Readers get rewards too. For Neil Bush, the late-life hospitalisation of his famous parents, George H．W. Bush and Barbara Bush, became opportunities to repay a debt of gratitude. “When I was a kid, my mother would read to us，” he told a reporter in the spring of 2018. “And to read the story of their amazing life together has been a remarkable blessing to me, personally, as their son.”
5．Which aspect has been changed by reading to others
A．The calmness given by poems.
B．The way of having a healthy lifestyle.
C．The communication between old people.
D．The ability to understand literature.
6．Why were poems prescribed to patients
A．An epic poem might be a tall order.
B．Ancient doctors preferred the way.
C．Patients could be completely cured by reading.
D．The effects of treatment could be positive.
7．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．Dogs served a lot in the study.
B．Dogs are fearful while listening.
C．The opera singer volunteered to help the dogs.
D．Reading to dogs is also beneficial.
8．What did Neil Bush say about reading
A．Patients in the hospital must read to recover.
B．Reading brought the warmth back to his family.
C．Reading can pay off debts.
D．Thankfulness should be expressed by reading.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了英国最近的一项调查发现：每周参加朗读小组的老年人的社交能力以及注意力有所提高。作者认为，朗读不仅对朗读者有好处，对听众也有很大的帮助。
5．C 细节理解题。根据第一段“In a survey in the United Kingdom, elderly adults who joined weekly read-aloud groups reported better concentration and an improved ability to socialise.” 可知，每周参加朗读小组的老年人的社交能力都获得了提高，由此可知，互相朗读会对老年人之间的交流产生影响。故选C项。
6．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The second-century Greek doctor Antyllus even prescribed daily recitation to his patients, recommending it as a kind health-giving nutrient and declaring ’Epic verse is the best for one’s health.’ Reading an epic poem might be a tall order, but in truth, almost any kind of reading to another person can be beneficial. That seems to be especially true for patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease”可知，医生认为几乎任何形式的阅读对患者都是有益的，给病人开处方让他们读诗，是因为诗歌等文学带来的治疗效果是积极的。故选D项。
7．D 段落大意题。根据第四段中的“We are not the only species to benefit from this kind of oral medicine. Dogs do, too, which is why, since 2014, volunteers have read to the animals under the group’s care.”并结合整段内容可知，本段通过讲述给狗朗读的实例，介绍了狗在听到朗读后的表现，表明给狗朗读对狗的精神状态也是有益的。故选D项。
8．B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“When I was a kid, my mother would read to us”及“And to read the story of their amazing life together has been a remarkable blessing to me, personally, as their son.”可知，朗读让尼尔·布什想起了童年的美好回忆，也让他和家人感受到了幸福和温暖。故选B项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Poetry has healing powers. To get more joy and peace，we don’t have to be a professional poet but we can develop a poetic mindset(心态). __1__
Be in awe(敬畏) of everything.
The poetic mindset starts with the idea that nothing is an accident. Everything is interrelated and plays a part in a greater whole. __2__ Close your eyes. Now open them. What is the first thing you see？Look closer. Ask yourself：What does it look like？What does it remind you of？Does it bring happy thoughts or sad ones？Why？I bet your randomly selected object is full of meaning.
__3__
A poem is a place where you can pour out your hard feelings. Don’t be afraid. You can always throw the page into the fireplace once you’ve filled it. __4__ Poetry can be a storeroom for everything difficult in your life. But there’s more. I find when I write about something I’m struggling with，my negative feeling begins to become weaker.
Seek what inspires you.
Life isn’t perfect，but you can live with love and trust anyway. __5__ There is always goodness to be found once you train yourself to look for it. Poetry to me is a form of praise. I build poems from things I see，people I meet and thoughts and feelings found deep inside. As I present those treasures in poetic language，I am appreciating what is good in them.
A．Your pain is your teacher.
B．How can we manage it in an easy way
C．What are the steps of writing a good poem
D．Or seal it in an envelope and come back to it later.
E．Poetry helps us remember this important place of wisdom.
F．Therefore，everything deserves notice and even appreciation.
G．Writing a poem is about describing your inner world vividly.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。诗歌有治愈功能，尽管我们不能成为专业的诗人，但是我们可以养成诗人的心态。文章主要介绍了三种养成诗人心态的方法。
1．B 根据空格前的“To get more joy and peace…but we can develop a poetic mindset(心态).”可知，空格前提出了要养成一种诗人心态，且下文介绍了三种养成诗人心态的方法。B项“我们应该怎样轻松地掌握它呢？”符合语境。故选B项。
2．F 根据空格前的“Everything is interrelated and plays a part in a greater whole.”可知，所有事情都是有内在联系的，因此这些事情都值得关注。F项“因此，每件事都值得被注意和被欣赏。”符合语境。故选F项。
3．A 空格处作本段的小标题，根据下文中的“A poem is a place where you can pour out your hard feelings…Poetry can be a storeroom for everything difficult in your life.”可知，本段主要介绍诗歌如何帮助我们处理生活中的负面情绪和难题。A项“你的痛苦是你的老师。”能概括本段内容。故选A项。
4．D 根据空格前的“You can always throw the page into the fireplace once you’ve filled it.”可知，空格前提出了如何用诗歌来处理内心的情绪。D项“你也可以将它装进信封里，之后再来关注。”提出另一种方法，符合语境。故选D项。
5．E 根据空格前的“Life isn’t perfect, but you can live with love and trust anyway.”可知，此处介绍了一处人生智慧，再根据下文中的“Poetry to me is a form of praise.”可知，诗歌对作者来说是一种赞美。由此可推知，空格处承上启下，说明诗歌的作用，即记录人生智慧。E项“诗歌帮我们记住智慧的重要所在。”符合语境。故选E项。(共113张PPT)
UNIT 5 POEMS
Period Four Assessing Your Progress—Video Time
课前自主预习
A．格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式；格式化
B．复杂的；难懂的
C．变化；变体；变奏曲
D．种族的；人种的
E．偏见；成见；使怀有(或形成)偏见
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．Racial tension in that small country has reached boiling point.( )
2．Modern violins had a greater variation, a larger difference.( )
3．There is widespread prejudice against workers over 45.
( )
4．The situation was more complicated than they had at first realised.( )
5．They’ve brought out the magazine in a new format.( )
【答案】1－5 DCEBA
Ⅱ.预备写作素材
1．The contest was held in the school gym from March 20th to March 23rd, aiming to __________________________(激发我们对中国传统文化的热情).
【答案】
1．arouse our enthusiasm for the traditional Chinese culture
2．____________________________________(如此迷人和有趣) was the contest that a lot of students signed up for it.
3．Our school will hold an activity ________________(它的主题) is “Foreigners Tell Chinese Stories” next week.
【答案】
2．So fascinating and interesting
3．whose theme
4．You can write about your understanding of Chinese culture as well as ____________________(你个人的经历) in China.
5．Knowing that you are interested in the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest ____________________________________(我校组织的), I am very pleased to tell you more details about it.
【答案】
4．your personal experiences
5．which was organised by our school
6．I’m writing to ___________________________(邀请你参加中国传统文化展) to be held by our school at the Art Centre this Friday afternoon, from 2:00 p.m.to 5:00 p.m.
【答案】
6．invite you to the Traditional Chinese Culture Fair
课堂新知讲练
1．entertain vt.& vi.招待；使娱乐；使欢乐
(P58)…so people would sit around the fire at night and sing songs to entertain themselves.
【翻译】……所以人们总会在晚上围坐在火堆旁唱歌来自娱自乐。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)entertain sb 使某人娱乐
entertain oneself自娱自乐
entertain sb to sth 款待(招待)某人吃(用)某物
entertain sb with sth/by doing sth
用某物/通过做某事使某人欢乐
【用法详解】
(2)entertainer n．(娱乐的)表演者；艺人
(3)entertainment n．(不可数)娱乐；款待；(可数)娱乐活动
to one’s entertainment使某人快乐的是
(4)entertaining adj.使人愉快的；有趣的
He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes.
他给我们讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。
I entertained my friends to dinner yesterday evening.
昨晚我招待了朋友们吃晚饭。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Look, the two children are entertaining ________ (them) so happily over there.
(2)The little girl usually entertains herself ________ playing the piano when she is free.
【答案】(1)themselves (2)by
(3)Much ________ our entertainment, my daughter was admitted to Beijing University.
(4)There are all kinds of ________(entertain) in our school when school is over.
【答案】(3)to (4)entertainments
2．racial adj.种族的；人种的
(P58)The poem is about the dream of a world free of inequality and racial prejudice.
【翻译】这是一首关于没有不平等和种族偏见的理想世界的诗。
(1)racial hatred种族仇恨
racial prejudice种族偏见
(2)racially adv.人种上；按人种
racialism n．种族主义；种族歧视；人种偏见
racialist n．种族主义者
race n．民族；种族
【用法详解】
Racial conflicts often take place in that country.
种族冲突在那个国家时有发生。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Mr Brown is really a ________(race) because he often shows racial prejudice.
(2)As a man of ________(race), Mr Jackson always believes his own race superior to others’.
【答案】(1)racialist (2)racialism
(3)These children are all from ________(race) mixed families.
(4)We expect to live in a world, where people of all ________(race) live and work in peace.
【答案】(3)racially (4)races
3．variation n．变化；变体；变奏曲
(P58)Dream Variation, for example.
【翻译】例如，《梦想变奏曲》。
(1)variation in/of sth (数量、水平等的)变化；变更
variation on… ……的变体
(2)vary vi.& vt.不同；变化；变更
vary in sth 在某方面不同
vary with… 随着……变化
vary from…to… 从……到……不等
【用法详解】
(3)variety n．多样性
a variety of/varieties of各种各样的
the variety of… ……的多样性
(4)various adj.各种各样的；多种(类型)的；不同的
The dial records very slight variations in pressure.
刻度盘显示压力有非常微小的变化。
Opinions on this matter vary from person to person.
对于这件事，每个人意见不一。
As far as I know，the menu varies with season in this restaurant.
据我所知，这个饭馆里的菜单随着季节变化而变化。
【名师点津】
a variety of/varieties of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。the variety of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)This soup is a spicy ____________(vary) on a traditional favourite.
(2)Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are ________ (vary).
【答案】(1)variation (2)various
完成句子
(3)In my spare time，I’ll continue to take regular exercise，such as swimming，running and ________________________．
在我的业余时间，我将继续进行定期锻炼，如游泳、跑步和各种球类运动。
【答案】(3)various/a variety of/varieties of ball games
4．prejudice n．偏见；成见
vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
(P58)The poem is about the dream of a world free of inequality and racial prejudice.
【翻译】这是一首关于没有不平等和种族偏见的理想世界的诗。
have prejudice against… 对……有偏见
prejudice sb against… 使某人对……有偏见
【用法详解】
There is little prejudice against workers from Africa.
对来自非洲国家的工人并无偏见。
The problem is that they have so much prejudice against our motherland.
问题是他们对我们的祖国有如此多的偏见。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)She tried to prejudice me_________Mrs Hilton.
完成句子
(2)We shouldn’t______________________ older applicants.
我们不应当对年长的申请者有偏见。
【答案】(1)against (2)have prejudice against
1．(P58)…so people would sit around the fire at night and sing songs to entertain themselves.
【翻译】……所以人们总会在晚上围坐在火堆旁唱歌来自娱自乐。
【句式剖析】
本句中的would在句中表示过去发生的习惯动作，一种经常发生的行为。“would sit around the fire”意为“总会围坐在火堆旁”。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)would (will的过去式), 用于构成过去将来时，其后接动词原形。
She said she would come.
她说过她会来的。
(2)表示意志，常译为“愿意；偏要”。
I told her to stop nagging, but she just wouldn’t listen.
我叫她别再唠叨，可她就是不听。
(3)表示过去的习惯，常译为“总是；总会”。
He would sit silently for hours.
他常常接连好几个小时默默地坐着。
(4)表示喜欢、意愿，译为“愿意；要；想”。
I would like to have a word with you.
我想和你说句话。
(5)在虚拟语气中，表示虚拟、假设的情况。
If I were younger, I would join you in the expedition to the Antarctic.
如果我年轻些，就会跟你们一起去南极探险。
(6)表示委婉的请求，常译为“请”。
Would it be convenient for you to leave tomorrow
你明天走方便吗？
Would you please come tonight
你今晚来一下，好吗？
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)She promised that she ______________________(要来参加我的生日晚会).
(2)I had warned her many times not to speak, but she ________________(就是不听).
【答案】(1)would attend my birthday party
(2)wouldn’t listen
(3)If I had enough money, I ________________(我就把那辆车买下来).
(4)____________________ a ticket for me
请帮我买一张票，好吗？
【答案】(3)would buy that car
(4)Would you please buy
2．(P60)…Su Shi was not only gifted in poetry, but also made great contributions to other fields such as painting and calligraphy.
【翻译】……苏轼不仅在诗歌方面很有天赋，而且在其他领域也有很大的贡献，比如绘画和书法。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“not only…but also…”意为…“不仅……而且……”，连接两个并列的谓语。
【归纳拓展】
not only…but also…“不但……而且……”，连接两个并列的成分。使用时应注意以下几点：
(1)用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分时，着重强调后者，意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的also可以省略。
(2)若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，即将句子的助动词/系动词/情态动词，放在主语的前面。
(3)若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。
Not only you but also he has to leave.
不只你，他也必须离开。
Not only should we raise money for them but also we should help them rebuild their home.
我们不仅应该为他们捐款，还应帮助他们重建家园。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Museums are not only there for enjoyment ________ also for education.
(2)Not only ________ she do well in her school subjects but also she sings very well.
(3)Not only she but also her parents _______ (like) this film.
【答案】(1)but (2)does (3)like
课后进阶专练
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The problem is that they have so much ________(偏见) against our motherland.
2．It’s such a ________(复杂的) problem that I think most students can’t work it out.
【答案】1.prejudice 2.complicated
3．Their grades showed little ________(变化) in their progress of the study.
4．Tears come not only from __________(悲伤) or pain, but also from other emotions.
5．That’s probably the most bare, bleak, ____________(贫瘠的) and inhospitable island I’ve ever seen.
【答案】3.variation 4.grief 5.barren
6．The young mother puts her baby in this ____________(托儿所) and then goes back to work.
7．There are still some ______(种族的) gaps in that country.
8．Steve and I were at very different stages in our _________ (各自的) careers.
【答案】6.nursery 7.racial 8.respective
Ⅱ.短语填空
entertain oneself, over the years, care about, make a living, have control over, be free of, no longer, have something in common, in addition, out of sight
1．Mr Wang ________________ the whole family, so everybody in the family must obey him.
2．The little boy fixed his eyes upon the plane in the sky until it was ________________．
【答案】1.has control over 2.out of sight
3．At first he set up this company only to _____________，but it turned out to grow bigger and bigger.
4．I don’t want to go to the movie. I have seen it already. ______________，it is so late now.
5．She is so selfish. She __________ nothing but her own benefits.
6．The twin sisters _____________ and they also share the same favourite food.
【答案】3.make a living 4.In addition
5.cares about 6.have something in common
7．________________，Mr Li has gained a great sum of wealth through his hard work.
8．She has changed much and she is ________________ the little girl she was five years ago.
9．To make yourself relaxed, you ought to find your own ways to ________________．
10．You ought to try your best to ________________ all the troubles at work when you are at home.
【答案】7.Over the years 8.no longer
9.entertain yourself 10.be free of
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．She ____________ at the gate, expecting her son back from school.
她总是坐在门口，盼着儿子放学回家。
2．Li Ming ________________________ out this problem.
做出这道题，李明没有碰到一点困难。
【答案】1．would sit
2．had no difficulty in working
3．What ______________________ doing that
你那样做是什么意思？
4．What ________________ this house
这座房子有什么特别之处？
【答案】3．do you mean by
4．is special about
提升练
(建议用时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
He was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry.Beloved by Chileans of all classes, he is one of the most widely read and respected poets in history.
Born with the name Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto, Pablo Neruda(1907—1973) was a tall, shy and lonely boy.He loved to read and started to write poetry when he was ten.The American poet Walt Whitman，whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table, became a major influence on his work.
However, his father did not like the idea of having a poet for a son and tried to discourage him from writing.To cover up the publication of his first poem, he took the pen name Pablo Neruda.
In 1924, Neruda gained fame with his most widely read work Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair.Yet his rich experience as a diplomat and exile(被流放者) made him go beyond the theme of love.His works also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1971.
Neruda loved the sea which he saw as creative, destructive and forever moving.He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast. “I need the sea because it teaches me，” he wrote.“I move in the university of the waves.” He loved how the sea forever renewed itself, a renewal echoed in his work.
1．The underlined word “Picasso” can probably be replaced by “________”．
A．most important person
B．famous person from Picasso
C．freedom fighter in Picasso
D．poem fan
2．Neftalí Ricardo Reyes Basoalto took the pen name Pablo Neruda because ________．
A．literary greats usually used the pen name
B．his father encouraged him to use the name
C．he wanted to prevent his father knowing the publication
D．he was greatly influenced by other poets
3．Which of the following is NOT the theme of Neruda’s works
A．Love.
B．Political struggle.
C．Social reform.
D．Development of South America.
4．The last paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A．the sea gave Neruda vast writing inspiration
B．the beautiful scenery along the Chile coast
C．Neruda’s poems were widely read overseas
D．Neruda loved to write his poems near the sea
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了智利诗人Neruda。
1．A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“Beloved by Chileans of all classes, he is one of…in history.”可推知，他被称为“诗歌界的毕加索”，即他是诗歌界重要的人物。故选A项。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，Neruda的父亲不喜欢他当诗人，经常想方设法阻止他创作。为了掩人耳目发表第一首诗，他就为自己取了个笔名Pablo Neruda。故选C项。
3．C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“…made him go beyond the theme of love. His works also reflected the political struggle of the left and development of South America.”可知，社会改革不是Neruda作品的主题。故选C项。
4．A 段落大意题。根据最后一段中的“Neruda loved the sea…He found inspiration in the power and freedom of the waves and the seabirds on the coast.”可知，最后一段主要讲述了大海给了Neruda巨大的写作灵感。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Raimundo, a 77-year-old homeless man, lived in Brazil. To occupy his time, he began to write poetry and short stories. He had always thought nobody else would see his __1__. One day that __2__ all because of a woman called Shalla. He first met Shalla in 2011 when her __3__ became too much, and she needed to know what he was writing.
One day she got a special __4__ from Raimundo. He __5__ her with a poem, and Shalla was amazed at his talent. Shalla knew he had an incredible ability to write and wanted to __6__ it with the world. She decided that social media platforms would help to spread the __7__ and created a page for him. His work began to gain many followers. He was given not only words of encouragement but also __8__ gifts. In fact, there was one gift that would indeed change his life __9__. One of the followers on the page __10__ to be Raimundo’s long-lost brother, and the page helped them __11__！
Shalla remains part of his __12__，and they are very close friends. His page also still remains __13__，and he can write from the safety of a home and in the __14__ of family.
This story was so __15__ that it was made into a documentary, called The Conditioned.
1．A．readings B．writings
C．servings D．belongings
2．A．changed B．proved
C．astonished D．satisfied
3．A．expectation B．appreciation
C．sympathy D．curiosity
4．A．lesson B．surprise
C．excuse D．offer
5．A．gifted B．helped
C．rewarded D．puzzled
6．A．leave B．carry
C．share D．exchange
7．A．friendship B．knowledge
C．skill D．word
8．A．spiritual B．actual
C．cultural D．small
9．A．gradually B．unwillingly
C．forever D．again
10．A．worked out B．gave up
C．turned out D．looked through
11．A．reconnect B．recover
C．recognise D．reflect
12．A．creation B．value
C．dream D．life
13．A．active B．long
C．new D．interesting
14．A．thought B．photo
C．company D．opinion
15．A．romantic B．funny
C．mysterious D．touching
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。巴西一位七十七岁无家可归的老人为了打发日子开始写诗和短篇小说，一位叫Shalla的女士吃惊地发现他才华横溢，决定替他在社交媒体平台上建立个人主页。主页很快收获众多粉丝，其中一位竟是老人失散多年的兄弟。这一感人故事还被拍成纪录片。
1．B 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“To occupy his time, he began to write poetry and short stories.”可知，老人在写诗和短篇小说，此处指他认为没有人会看到他写出来的作品。故选B项。
2．A 考查动词辨析。根据第二段内容可知，Shalla将老人的作品上传到社交媒体上，老人获得很多的粉丝，得到欣赏，并意外和失散的兄弟重逢，此处指一切因为Shalla发生了改变。故选A项。
3．D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“she needed to know what he was writing”可知，Shalla非常想知道老人写的内容，可推知她好奇心很重。故选D项。
4．B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“He __5__ her with a poem, and Shalla was amazed at his talent.”可推知，老人给了Shalla一份他的作品，所以是一个特别的惊喜。故选B项。
5．A 考查动词辨析。根据上下文语境可知，老人应该是把诗送给了Shalla。gift sb with sth是固定短语，意为“把……给……当礼物”。故选A项。
6．C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“She decided that social media platforms…and created a page for him.”可知，Shalla为老人创建了个人主页，可推知是想和世界分享老人的写作天赋。故选C项。
7．D 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“Shalla knew he had an incredible ability to write”可知，Shalla清楚老人写作能力非凡，所以想和其他人分享这个消息。word指上文的“老人拥有非凡的写作能力”。故选D项。
8．B 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“not only words of encouragement”可推知，老人收获的不仅是情感上的鼓励，还有实实在在的礼物。故选B项。
9．C 考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“One of the followers on the page __10__ to be Raimundo’s long-lost brother, and the page helped them __11__！”可知，老人应该是在网上找到了失散多年的兄弟，这个礼物意义重大，永远地改变了他的生活。故选C项。
10．C 考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的“to be Raimundo’s long-lost brother”可推知，此处用了固定短语turn out to be，意为“原来是”。故选C项。
11．A 考查动词辨析。根据句中的“Raimundo’s long-lost brother”可知，老人通过主页找回了失散多年的兄弟，也就是说他们重新建立起了联系。故选A项。
12．D 考查名词辨析。根据句中的“they are very close friends”可知，老人和Shalla是好朋友，Shalla是老人生活中的一部分。故选D项。
13．A 考查形容词辨析。根据句中的“His page also still remains”和“he can write”可推知，老人仍在写作和更新主页，所以主页仍然活跃着。故选A项。
14．C 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“One of the followers on the page __10__ to be Raimundo’s long-lost brother, and the page helped them __11__！”可知，老人找回了失散多年的兄弟，不再是一个人了，现在他有了家人的陪伴。故选C项。
15．D 考查形容词辨析。根据全文内容可知，老人无家可归，为打发时间写出的作品令人惊艳，在Shalla无意的帮助下获得认可，并且找回了家人，这个故事非常感人。故选D项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
More than three decades after writing his first poem 1.________ a teenager in the mountains of northern China，Chen Nianxi is living a literary dream.He has published two critically 2.________(receive) books among people.For more than 15 years，he laboured in gold，iron and zinc mines across China，detonating explosives(引爆炸药) by day and 3.________(create) poems on the backs of newspapers at night.
His poems speak of the 4.________(lonely) of the mines，the deaths of fellow workers and the distance between modern life and his work underground.“There will 5.________(definite) be people who treat you as a spectacle，” he said.This summer，two years after publishing his first poetry collection，he published a book of essays，To Live Is to Shout at the Sky, 6.________ title comes from a poem written after a night of singing with his fellow workers at 7.________ mine in Xinjiang.
Chen 8.________(struggle) for inspiration for the past few years.“We still need abundant, 9.________(diversity) works to support contemporary literature and culture，” Chen said, adding that he insisted on his works being judged on its artistic merits and hoped his works “will broaden modern people’s 10.________(perspective) or remind them to look downward a bit”．
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了矿工陈年喜一边在矿井中从事体力劳动，一边坚持诗歌创作的经历。
1．as 考查介词。结合句意，此处表示“作为一名青少年”，应用介词as。故填as。
2．received 考查动词的-ed形式。本句谓语为“has published”，此处应用非谓语动词，且books与receive为动宾关系，应用动词的-ed形式，作定语。故填received。
3．creating 考查动词的-ing形式。根据空格前的and可知，此处应用动词的-ing形式，与“detonating explosives”并列，作状语。故填creating。
4．loneliness 考查名词。根据空格前的the可知，此处应用名词loneliness“孤独”，作of的宾语，loneliness为不可数名词。故填loneliness。
5．definitely 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用副词definitely “肯定”，修饰谓语“will be”，作状语。故填definitely。
6．whose 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“a book of essays”，空格处作title的定语，应用whose引导该从句。故填whose。
7．a 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个煤矿”，且mine发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
8．has struggled/has been struggling 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“for the past few years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，结合句意也可以用现在完成进行时(表示动作从过去开始持续到现在，并有可能持续到将来)，且主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has struggled/has been struggling。
9．diverse 考查形容词。根据空格后的works可知，此处应用diversity的形容词形式，和abundant共同作定语，修饰works。故填diverse。
10．perspectives 考查名词的数。根据空格前的people’s可知，此处应用perspective的名词形式，作宾语。表示泛指，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填perspectives。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知他下次上课的安排。
内容包括：
1．时间和地点；
2．内容：学习唐诗；
3．课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Leslie，
I am Li Hua.How is everything getting along with you？__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Leslie，
I am Li Hua.How is everything getting along with you I’m writing to tell you something about our next lesson in detail.
To start with, what I intend to stress is that we will have our next lesson in Classroom 8 of the Teaching Building at 10:00 a.m.next Friday.What’s more, in order to have more knowledge of Chinese culture, it is important for you to learn Tang poetry.
There is no doubt that you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, which will make the class go smoothly.
I would appreciate it if you could reply to my letter at your earliest convenience.
Yours，
Li Hua
写作高效提升
写一篇英语诗歌读后感
动笔前，你的大体构思：____________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
◎单元写作目标
【引人入胜的开头句】
1．Robert Frost was an American poet.
2．He is highly regarded for his realistic depictions of rural life and his command of American colloquial speech.
◎话题佳句
3．His work frequently employed themes from the early 1900s rural life in New England using the setting to examine complex social and philosophical themes.
4．As a popular and often-quoted poet, Frost was honoured frequently during his lifetime, receiving four Pulitzer Prizes.
【精彩纷呈的篇中句】
1．Written in 1923, this poem was published in The Yale Review in October of that year.
2．Some say the poem helped Frost to win a Pulitzer Prize.
3．Only eight lines long, this poem is still considered one of Frost’s best.
4．When I read the poem aloud, I can hear that the ends of the second and fourth line rhyme—“die” and “fly”．
5．These rhyming words sound nice and make the poem pleasing to read.
6．When I close my eyes, I can see different images from the poem.
7．I can see a bird flying in the sky.
8．I can see a field and I can imagine what it looks like with lots of snow.
9．I start to feel cold when I read these lines.
10．I learn a new phrase, “hold fast”，which means to hold onto something.
【回味无穷的结尾句】
1．I think the poet is giving us advice through this text.
2．He suggests us keeping dreaming because life is much better when we dream and have something to look forward to.
3．Through this text, the author is trying to set an example for the readers to follow.
4．Reading this poem, you will feel greatly inspired/encouraged to strive hard for your life goal.
5．After you read this poem, you will find yourself filled with strength and power, especially when you are in low spirits.
6．I recommend you to enjoy this poem too.
【写作任务】
假定你叫李华，你收到美国笔友Lily的来信，得知她对你校最近举办的古诗词朗诵大赛非常感兴趣。请你根据下列提示，用英语给她写一封回信。
内容包括：
1．介绍比赛的具体情况(时间、地点、目的等)；
2．谈谈你参加此次活动的感受。
◎写作范例
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：古诗词朗诵大赛 Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
【写作指导】
主题 介绍古诗词朗诵大赛 体裁 应用文
人称 以第一人称为主 时态 以一般过去时为主
布局 第一段：导入话题(古诗词朗诵大赛)； 第二段：介绍比赛的具体情况(时间、地点、目的等)和参加活动后的感受； 第三段：结束语(表达希望或祝愿)。 【遣词造句】
Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词或短语填空
1．激起；引起__________________
2．热情；热心__________________
3．极有吸引力的；迷人的__________________
4．报名参加__________________
【答案】1.arouse 2.enthusiasm 3.fascinating 4.enter for
5．由……组成__________________
6．背诵；吟诵__________________
7．得到了提高__________________
【答案】5.be made up of 6.recite 7．get improved
Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用
1．完成句子
(1)从你的来信中得知你对我们学校组织的古诗词朗诵大赛感兴趣，我很乐意告诉你更多细节。
I know from your letter that you __________________ the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest______________________ and I am very pleased to ______________________________．
【答案】
(1)are interested in; which was organised by our school; tell you more details about it
(2)比赛于3月20日至23日在我校体育馆举行。
The contest_______________________ from March 20th to March 23rd.
(3)比赛的目的是唤起我们对中国传统文化的热情。
The contest ______________________________________ the Chinese traditional culture.
【答案】
(2)was held in the school gym
(3)aimed to arouse our enthusiasm for
(4)这场比赛非常引人入胜且有趣，许多学生都参加了。
The contest was ____________________________，and a lot of students ____________________ it.
(5)比赛包括阅读和背诵古诗词，这两项我都参加了。
The contest ________________ reading and reciting the ancient poetry and I ______________ both.
【答案】
(4)very fascinating and interesting; entered for
(5)was made up of; took part in
(6)我对古诗有了更深入的了解，写作能力得到了提高。
I ___________________________________ the ancient poems and my writing ability _______________________．
【答案】
(6)have had a deeper understanding of; has got improved
2．句式升级
(7)用现在分词作状语和过去分词作定语改写句(1)。
________________________________________________
【答案】
(7)Knowing from your letter that you are interested in the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest organised by our school, I am very pleased to tell you more details about it.
(8)用whose引导的定语从句合并句(2)和句(3)。
________________________________________________
【答案】
(8)The contest was held in the school gym from March 20th to March 23rd, whose aim was to arouse our enthusiasm for the Chinese traditional culture.
(9)用not only…but also…的倒装结构改写句(6)。
________________________________________________
【答案】
(9)Not only have I had a deeper understanding of the ancient poems but my writing ability has also got improved.
【连句成篇】
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Dear Lily，
Knowing from your letter that you are interested in the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest organised by our school, I am very pleased to tell you more details about it.
The contest was held in the school gym from March 20th to March 23rd, whose aim was to arouse our enthusiasm for the Chinese traditional culture.So fascinating and interesting was the contest that a lot of students entered for it.The contest was made up of reading and reciting the ancient poetry and I took part in both.Not only have I had a deeper understanding of the ancient poems but my writing ability has also got improved.
I do hope that you will enjoy my introduction.If you want further information, please let me know.
Yours，
Li Hua
请用英语写出唐朝诗人李绅的《悯农》这首诗的大意，并说明诗中所蕴含的作者的思想，以便向你的外国朋友解释。
Sympathy on the Farmers
At noon, farmers are weeding，
Down the field, sweat is dropping.
Who knows rice on a dish，
Every grain is full of moiling.
◎写作练笔
注意：
1．不得照抄短诗原文；
2．必须结合短诗的内容发挥想象，适当展开；
3．短文不能写成诗歌形式；
4．词数80左右。
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
One possible version：
Here is a poem titled “Sympathy on the Farmers” by Li Shen.
It goes like this：Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time, the farmers are still weeding in the fields.They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil, where the crops grow.But who knows exactly all our foods，the delicious dishes on our table, come from the hard work of the farmers
Li Shen wrote this poem in order to remind people of the importance of farmers’ hard work.I think the younger generation should treasure every grain.(共105张PPT)
UNIT 5 POEMS
核心素养目标
【语言技能】
了解几种简单的英语诗歌；
学会朗诵英语诗歌；
复习定语从句。
【素养提升】
阅读有关英语诗歌的简介，了解英语诗歌的特点；
听懂有关英语诗歌欣赏及写作的讨论；
自己写一篇英语诗歌；
了解不同形式的英语诗歌的特点，并学会赏析英语诗歌。
Period One Reading and Thinking
课前自主预习
A．精美的；精致的；脆弱的
B．民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
C．钻石；金刚石；菱形
D．业余爱好者；业余的；业余爱好的
E．情绪；心情；语气
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．To people’s surprise，the winner of the Chinese chess is an amateur.( )
2．A walk in the fresh air can lift your mood and dissolve a winter depression.( )
3．The eye is one of the most delicate organs of the body.( )
4．She spent a huge amount of money on that diamond.( )
5．The entertainment was provided by a folk band.( )
【答案】1－5 DEACB
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．sorrowful adj.悲伤的；使人伤心的→______n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤
(参考：helpful→help)
2．literature n．文学；文学作品→____________adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的
3．rhyme n．押韵词；押韵的短诗 vi.& vt.使押韵→____________ n．节奏；韵律；规律
【答案】1.sorrow 2.literary 3.rhythm
4．recitation n．朗诵；朗读→ ____________ vt.背诵；吟诵；列举(参考：invitation→invite)
5．respective adj.分别的；各自的→________adv.分别；各自；依次为(参考： separate→separately)
6．comprehend v．理解；领悟；懂
→___________________ n．理解力；领悟力；理解练习
(参考： pretend→pretension)
【答案】4.recite 5.respectively 6.comprehension
Ⅲ.猜短语填空
to the point, make sense of, be made up of, be popular with, in particular
1．Besides, this place is welcomed by the overseas students.
＝Besides, this place _____________ the overseas students.
2．Why should he notice her car particularly
＝Why should he notice her car _________________？
【答案】1.is popular with 2.in particular
3．The necklace is composed of three strings of pearls.
＝The necklace ________________ three strings of pearls.
4．Though lacking in fluency, he spoke to the purpose.
＝Though lacking in fluency, he spoke ________________．
5．I can’t understand this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it again.
＝I can’t ________________ this poem, but perhaps I will if I read it again.
【答案】3.is made up of 4.to the point 5.make sense of
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
( )1.People compose poems to achieve all the following EXCEPT ________．
A．showing off their literary talent
B．conveying their strong feelings
C．creating images in the readers’ mind
D．telling the readers a story
【答案】A
( )2.To create excellent poetry, poets have to make good use of ________．
A．their imagination
B．literary devices
C．repeated phrases
D．traditional poems
【答案】B
( )3.Who would be interested in nursery rhymes
A．Primary school students.
B．Adolescent children.
C．School teachers.
D．Young kids.
【答案】D
( )4.Haiku is a kind of poetry form which is popular with ________．
A．people in ancient China
B．young children
C．Australian poets
D．English writers
【答案】D
( )5.What does this text mainly tell us
A．Some forms of English poems.
B．The reasons why people write poems.
C．The most popular form of poetry.
D．The simplest poems in English.
【答案】A
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
There are various reasons 1.________ people compose poetry.Some poems tell a story or describe 2.________ certain image in the reader’s mind.Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.Poets use many different forms of poetry to express 3.________ (they).
【答案】1.why 2.a 3.themselves
Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy 4.________(learn) and recite.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or 5.________(describe) that develop a particular theme.Another simple form of poem is the cinquain，which 6.________(make) up of five lines.Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists 7.________ 17 syllables.
【答案】4.to learn 5.descriptions 6.is made 7.of
It is not a 8.________(tradition) form of English poetry，but is very popular with English writers.English speakers also enjoy poems from China，those from the Tang Dynasty in particular.A lot of Tang poetry 9.________(translate) into English in the past decades.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may 10.________(eventual) want to write poems of your own.
【答案】8.traditional 9.has been translated 10．eventually
课堂新知讲练
1．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤
(P50)Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.
【翻译】有一些诗歌则试图传达某些情感，如喜悦和悲伤。
◇词汇拓讲
(1)one’s sorrow at/over/for sth对某事的悲伤
in sorrow悲伤地
to one’s sorrow让某人悲伤的是
share sb’s joys and sorrows同甘共苦
sorrow at/for/over sth对某事感到悲伤
(2)sorrowful adj.悲伤的；伤心的
sorrowfully adv.悲哀地；悔恨地
【用法详解】
He expressed his sorrow at the news of her death.
听到她的死讯，他表示哀伤。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Much ________ my sorrow，my classmates often tease me because of my appearance.
(2)As a matter of fact，he daren’t look up to see the steward’s ________(sorrow) eyes.
【答案】(1)to (2)sorrowful
(3)The country lowered its flag to half-mast to express sorrow __________ the people who died in the earthquake.
完成句子
(4)I have been looking forward to finding those friends ______ ______________________．
我一直期待着找到那些能分享我的欢乐和悲伤的朋友。
【答案】(3)for/at/over
(4)who can share my joys and sorrows
2．to the point切题；中肯
(P50)The language of these rhymes，like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline.
【翻译】这些童谣(如诗歌A)的语言简单明了，但带有故事情节。
beside/off the point 离题；跑题
point of view 观点；见地；立场
in point 相关的；恰当的
on the point 即将……的时候
【用法详解】
There is no point in doing sth.
做某事毫无意义。
【语境助记】
Your comment on the film should be to the point. There is no point in repeating useless speech which is off the point.
你对这部电影的评论应该切中要点。 重复没有用处的离题言论是毫无意义的。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Keep your answers short and don’t wander_____ the point.
(2)There is no point in________(complain)，for you are no match for him.
(3)The explanation in this dictionary is concise and______ the point.
【答案】(1)off/beside (2)complaining (3)to
3．make sense有意义；讲得通
(P50)The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite.
【翻译】这些诗可能没有意义，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但它们容易学习和背诵。
make no sense没有意义；毫无意义
make sense of理解；弄懂
in a sense在某种意义上
in no sense决不(位于句首时，句子用倒装语序)
There’s no sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。
【用法详解】
【语境助记】
In a sense, each citizen should try his best to protect their mother country. In no sense should we betray our country. So we should make sense of what patriotism is.
从某种意义上说，每个公民都应该尽力保护自己的祖国。我们决不应该背叛我们的国家。所以，我们应该弄清楚什么是爱国主义。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Did you make sense ______ what the teacher said just now
(2)________ no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
(3)You are right in________ sense, but you don’t know all the facts.
【答案】(1)of (2)In (3)a
完成句子
(4)As far as I’m concerned, ___________________________ about the past.
在我看来，为过去的事情担忧是没有意义的。
【答案】(4)there is no sense in worrying
4．mood n．情绪；心情；语气
(P51)With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words.
【翻译】有了这些，你就可以用几句话传达出一幅强烈的画面或一种特定的情绪。
(1)in a good/bad mood心情好/心情不好
be/feel in the/no mood for sth对某事有/没有心情
be/feel in the/no mood to do sth
有/没有心情做某事
(2)moody adj. 情绪多变的；喜怒无常的；令人悲伤的
【用法详解】
She’s in a good mood today.
她今天心情很好。
He was in the mood for a walk in the lawn.
他想在草坪上散步。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)It is difficult to predict his reaction because he is so __________(mood).
【答案】(1)moody
完成句子
(2)Seeing the hummingbird flying freely in the sky，I was ________________________________________ and made my way to the car with a happy smile spreading across my face.
看到蜂鸟在天空中自由地飞翔，我心情很好，脸上带着快乐的微笑向汽车走去。
【答案】(2)in a good mood
(3)My nephew uttered sadly, “Because I have failed in English exam, I________________________________________ a picnic this weekend.”
我的侄子伤心地说道：“因为我英语没考及格，这个周末我没有心情去野餐。”
【答案】(3)am in no mood to go on/am in no mood for
5．be made up of… 由……组成(构成)
(P51)Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.
【翻译】另一种业余爱好者容易写的形式简单的诗歌是五行诗，它由五行组成。
(1)be made up of…＝consist of…由……组成
(consist of与be made up of意思相同，但前者不能用于被动语态或进行时态。)
(2)make的相关短语：
make up编造；虚构；组成；化妆；和解
make up for补偿；弥补
make up with sb 与某人和好
make up one’s mind (to do…)下决心(做……)
make out理解；明白(事理)
【用法详解】
How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
学生的期末成绩由几个部分组成？
We’re working fast to try and make up for lost time.
我们正加紧工作，试图弥补失去的时间。
I heard the voices，but couldn’t make out what they were saying.
我听到了那些声音，但听不清他们在说什么。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)You are not telling the truth.You are just making ______ a story.
【答案】(1)up
完成句子
(2)I made a commitment to my sick partner determinedly, “While I am not good at doing a project, I will ________________ _________ and perseverance.”
我坚定地对我生病的搭档做出承诺：“虽然我不擅长做项目，但我会用努力和毅力来弥补它。”
【答案】(2)make up for it with hard work
(3)The coming-of-age ceremony______________________ two parts—some videos about the past events and some speeches to be delivered by some student representatives.
成人礼由两部分组成——一些关于过去事件的视频和一些学生代表的演讲。
【答案】(3)is made up of/consists of
同义句转换
(4)The medical team made up of three doctors and seven nurses was sent to the earthquake-stricken area.
→The medical team ________________ three doctors and seven nurses was sent to the earthquake-stricken area.
【答案】(4)consisting of
1．(P50)There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
【翻译】人们创作诗歌的原因多种多样。
【句式剖析】
本句中的reasons是定语从句的先行词，why是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词reasons。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
(1)当reason作先行词时，如果定语从句中不缺主语、宾语或表语，一般用why或for which引导定语从句。
(2)当reason作先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，一般用that或which引导定语从句，而且that或which可以省略。
The reason why he didn’t come was that he was ill.
他没来的原因是他病了。
The reason (that/which) he explained to us was that he hadn’t read it before.
他给我们解释的理由是他之前没有读过。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)The reason ________ he offered us is that his car broke down on the way home.
【答案】(1)that/which
完成句子
(2)______________________ I am starving for the position is that I can improve my spoken English and help foreign students have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
我渴望得到这个职位的原因是我可以提高我的英语口语，同时还可以帮助外国学生更好地了解中国文化。
【答案】(2)The reason why/for which
2．(P50)Some rhyme (like B and C), while others do not.
【翻译】一些诗歌押韵(如B和C)，而有些诗歌不押韵。
【句式剖析】
本句中的while并不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“而，然而”，是一个并列连词，用来连接两个并列的句子，表示比较或对比。
【归纳拓展】
while作连词时的主要用法：
(1)表示“当……的时候”时，引导时间状语从句。这时，从句的谓语动词通常用进行时态。
(2)表示“而，然而”时，用作并列连词，表示对比，用于连接两个并列句，放在两个并列句之间。
(3)表示“虽然；尽管”时，表示让步，引导让步状语从句。
While he was cooking, a parcel arrived.
当他正在做饭时，一个包裹到了。
One of the twins is shy, while the other is outgoing.
双胞胎中一个害羞，另一个外向。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)I like tea ________ she likes coffee.
(2)________ they are my neighbours, I do not know them well.
(3)While ________(do) his homework, Li Ming heard a knock on the door.
(4)While I ________(wait) at the bus stop, three buses went by in the opposite direction.
【答案】(1)while (2)While/Although/Though (3)doing
(4)was waiting
课后进阶专练
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A new ________(戏剧) is said to be presented next week in the People’s Theatre.
2．Hearing the news, she is filled with great ________(悲伤).
【答案】1.drama 2.sorrow
3．The famous journalist wrote a ________(文学的) report based on this big event.
4．This song goes at such rapid ________(节奏) that I can’t keep up with it.
5．It is said that this kind of ________(民间的) medicine takes effect in days.
【答案】3.literary 4.rhythm 5.folk
6．It is necessary for English beginners to ________(背诵) some English articles.
7．Mr Li is a well-known ________(业余的) poet in our city.
8．It is not right for you to ________(取笑) such an old man for his disability.
【答案】6.recite 7.amateur 8.tease
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Basketball fans expressed their ________(sorrowful) at the news of Kobe’s death.
2．“Black” and “White” implied dark and fair ________(respective).
【答案】1.sorrow 2.respectively
3．English ________，especially English fiction，is of great significance in the ____________ world.(literary)
4．Not only does she have a tendency to be ________(mood) all the time，but she doesn’t seem to plan anything till the last minute.
5．I have poor ________(comprehend)，so could you please offer me some guidance
【答案】3.literature; literary 4.moody 5.comprehension
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．As for hobbies, my twin sister likes playing basketball，______________________．
关于爱好，我的双胞胎妹妹喜欢打篮球，而我喜欢听音乐。
【答案】1．while I like listening to music
2．A paper-cutting exhibition will be held in our school，__________________________________________．
我校将举办剪纸展览，旨在弘扬中国传统文化。
【答案】2．aiming to promote traditional Chinese culture
3．This is the very book ____________________________ for several days.
这正是我找了好几天的那本书。
【答案】3．that I have been looking for
提升练
(建议用时：25分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
When people sit together at night and enjoy the glorious moon，an ancient poem，Prelude to Water Melody，is often read for this occasion.Critics say it’s probably the best poem about the Mid-Autumn Festival.Let’s just focus on its most famous five lines to make some analysis.
In the first two lines of the five，the writer is comparing the life of a man with the changing face of the moon.In Chinese culture the moon is always considered to be a perfect carrier of emotions like nostalgia(怀旧)and longing for family reunion.A full moon symbolises perfection and unity，while a gloomy night may remind people of their fortunes.When the moon is round and fair but people are separated from their loved ones，such moments can be even more heartbreaking.
Before the comparison，the poet actually complains about the seemingly “ruthless(无情的)” moon and asks her: You should have no spite(怨恨) against man，but why，when people part，are you often full and bright？However, he soon realises that no one has an easy ride, just like the moon may not always be bright.The imperfections have been going on since the beginning of time.That’s why he says “There has been nothing perfect since the olden days.”
But should we get bogged down(陷入) by the suffering of things with which we can’t change？The poet gives his answer: Change your attitude and stay positive.So we have his everlasting line，“________．” The poet hopes that people appreciate the fact that no matter where they are，as long as the ones they love and miss are healthy and happy，they can all admire the same moon high in the sky.
To this day，people still use this verse to express their good will and wishes for family members and friends who can’t be with them，especially during major festivals.
1．Why does the poet write “nothing is perfect since the olden days” in the poem
A．He doesn’t understand why the moon hates humans.
B．He knows eventually the moon will become full again.
C．He realises life is always accompanied by imperfections.
D．He understands life is too ruthless and has lost his interest in it.
2．Which of the following lines is the most suitable for the blank in Paragraph 4
A．How long will the full moon appear？Wine cup in hand I ask the sky.
B．Looking up，I find the moon bright；bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned.
C．In spring the river rises as high as the sea；with the river’s tide uprises the moon bright.
D．May we all be blessed with a long life；miles apart, we’ll share the beauty, of the moon together.
3．We can infer from this article that the author ________．
A．is a very optimistic poet
B．likes the first two lines of the five most
C．appreciates the poet’s optimism in the poem
D．believes a positive state of mind is a must to a good poet
4．What does the passage mainly talk about
A．How we can appreciate Chinese poetry about the Mid-Autumn Day.
B．When we must recite the best Chinese poetry about the Mid-Autumn Day.
C．What made a poet write the best ever Mid-Autumn Day Chinese poem.
D．Why a poem is the peak of Chinese poetry about the Mid-Autumn Day.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。评论家认为《水调歌头》是关于中秋节最好的诗，作者针对《水调歌头》最著名的五行来分析原因。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The imperfections have been going on since the beginning of time.”可知，他意识到生活总是伴随着不完美，所以他写到“此事古难全”。故选C项。
2．D 推理判断题。根据下文“The poet hopes that people appreciate the fact that…they can all admire the same moon high in the sky.”可知，诗人希望人们懂得，无论身在何处，只要所爱的人、思念的人健康快乐，就都能欣赏天空中同一轮明月。因此“但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。”符合诗人的心境。故选D项。
3．C 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“The poet gives his answer: Change your attitude and stay positive.”可知，诗人的态度非常积极乐观。根据最后一段可知，直到今天，人们仍然用这首诗来表达他们对不能和他们在一起的家人和朋友的美好祝愿，特别是在重大节日期间。由此可推知，作者对诗人在诗中表达的积极乐观的态度非常欣赏。故选C项。
4．D 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Critics say it’s probably the best poem about the Mid-Autumn Festival.Let’s just focus on its most famous five lines to make some analysis.”可知，评论家认为《水调歌头》可能是关于中秋节的最好的诗。文章接下来针对《水调歌头》最著名的五行，分析它为什么是关于中秋节最好的诗。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I’d spent most of high school struggling with chronic(慢性的) illness. For almost three years, I bounced between home tutoring and short-lived returns to school. “I don’t want to be in this __1__ anymore，” I told my mum.
One night, Mum came home with a yellow __2__ and placed it in my hands. On the front was a __3__ entitled “Don’t Quit”. “I want you to read this，” said Mum. The poem was full of __4__ words about overcoming challenges and it was__5__ for me. After each and every stanza(诗节)，the refrain(叠句) almost sang to me, “Don’t Quit.”
Slowly over the next few days I began to __6__ inside that journal. Writing had been my passion and somehow Mum knew the comfort I’d find through my own__7__. In the passing weeks, poems began to __8__ between the lined pages and I began to make the sense of the pain.
In the days before the Internet，__9__ came in the form of pen pals，namely other teenagers __10__ from chronic illness. I __11__ a lot of friends who understood me. I began compiling(编纂) the poems we traded. Then，it became a literary newsletter(简报). By the year’s end it was being __12__ to a dozen kids just like me across the country. I became __13__ because of that newsletter.
I was not a loser in my situation.__14__，I now help teenagers __15__ illness. It feels right somehow.
1．A．school B．home
C．body D．country
2．A．pen B．newsletter
C．card D．journal
3．A．passage B．sentence
C．poem D．notice
4．A．inspirational B．tough
C．normal D．professional
5．A．perfect B．hard
C．brief D．familiar
6．A．look B．read
C．write D．check
7．A．pain B．stress
C．illness D．words
8．A．form B．lack
C．update D．exist
9．A．apology B．support
C．pressure D．treatment
10．A．acquiring B．suffering
C．coming D．benefiting
11．A．made B．forgot
C．lost D．missed
12．A．turned out B．sent out
C．figured out D．brought out
13．A．anxious B．positive
C．generous D．awkward
14．A．Plus B．Moreover
C．Thus D．Instead
15．A．escape B．recognise
C．fight D．ignore
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者患有慢性病，因此处于在家学习和短暂返校间反复的情况。在作者想放弃的时候，母亲用印着一首充满鼓舞人心的话语的诗歌的日记本帮助作者重新振作起来，作者开始写诗来帮助那些与疾病抗争的青少年。
1．C 考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“I’d spent most of high school struggling with chronic(慢性的) illness.For almost three years，I bounced between home tutoring and short-lived returns to school.”可知，作者患有慢性病，经常缺课，所以作者因为这样的身体状况而感到很不愉快。故选C项。
2．D 考查名词辨析。根据第三段中的“Slowly…inside that journal.”可知，此处指母亲拿来的是一本黄颜色的日记本。故选D项。
3．C 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“The poem was full of…for me.”可知，此处指日记本里面的一首诗。故选C项。
4．A 考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“After…the refrain(叠句) almost sang to me, ‘Don’t quit.’”可知，这首诗充满了鼓舞人心的话语。故选A项。
5．A 考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，作者处于困境之中，充满激励性话语的诗对作者来说是最合适的。故选A项。
6．C 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“Writing had been my passion”可知，此处指作者开始写诗。故选C项。
7．D 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“In the passing weeks…I began to make the sense of the pain.”可知，作者写诗能够让自己理解疼痛，所以此处指母亲知道作者通过自己所写的话得到安慰。故选D项。
8．A 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者的诗在一行行书页间开始形成。故选A项。
9．B 考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“I __11__ a lot of friends who understood me.”和语境可知，作者得到了患有慢性疾病的青少年的支持。故选B项。
10．B 考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“from chronic illness”可知，此处指与患有慢性疾病的青少年们成了笔友。故选B项。
11．A 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者结交了很多朋友。故选A项。
12．B 考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“In the days before the Internet，__9__ came in the form of pen pals”可知，作者结交了笔友，所以此处指将简报寄出去给一些孩子。故选B项。
13．B 考查形容词辨析。上文提到简报被寄给跟作者一样的青少年，这能帮助到他们，作者因此而变得积极向上。故选B项。
14．D 考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，空格前后存在转折关系。此处表示“在这种情况下，我不是一个失败者。相反，我现在能帮助青少年与疾病作斗争。” 故选D项。
15．C 考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，此处指作者帮助跟自己一样的孩子们与疾病作斗争。故选C项。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Emily was a shy and quiet student in Greenfield High School. Emily was known for her quiet behaviour and her love for literature, often found lost in the pages of a book during lunch breaks.
One day, as Emily walked through the hallway, she noticed a colourful poster announcing an upcoming English poetry competition. Her heart raced with excitement at the prospect of showcasing her talent, but her mind was immediately flooded with doubts. “What if my poem is not good enough What if everyone laughs at me？” she thought to herself, her cheeks flushing with embarrassment.
As the days went by, Emily found herself caught between her desire to participate and her fear of failure. She talked with her best friend, Sarah, who had been by her side since they were little. She was known for her outgoing personality and her ability to make everyone feel included.
“You have a gift, Emily，” Sarah said reassuringly, her blue eyes filled with encouragement. “Don’t let your fears hold you back. You never know what might happen unless you try.”
With Sarah’s support, Emily decided to take a leap of faith and submit her poem for the competition. As the day of the event drew near, she felt a mix of nervousness and expectation. She spent hours perfecting her poem, carefully choosing each word and line to convey her emotions. She practised her poem in front of the mirror, trying to perfect her delivery and expression.
But despite her newfound confidence, Emily couldn’t shake off the feeling of doubt in her mind. These thoughts consumed her, making it difficult for her to focus on anything else.
It was during one of these moments of self-doubt that Sarah came to her rescue once again. “You’re an amazing writer, Emily，” she said, her voice filled with warmth and sincerity. “Your poem is going to be incredible. Just believe in yourself.” With Sarah’s words in her mind, Emily felt a renewed sense of determination.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
On the day of the competition, Emily took a deep breath and stepped onto the stage.____________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
On the day of the competition, Emily took a deep breath and stepped onto the stage. The audience fell silent as she began to recite her poem, her voice trembling slightly at first. She suddenly saw Sarah looking at her with encouraging eyes. Her confidence grew, and her words flew effortlessly. As she concluded her poem, the audience erupted into applause. Emily felt a sense of pride and accomplishment wash over her, knowing that she had conquered her fears and given it her all. Her eyes sparked with joy as she looked out at the sea of smiling faces.
In the end, Emily’s poem won first place in the competition.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
In the end, Emily’s poem won first place in the competition. She was filled with immense joy and gratitude for the opportunity, acknowledging that her friend’s encouragement had been the greatest motivation she could have received. Overwhelmed with emotion, she embraced Sarah tightly and expressed her heartfelt thanks,
attributing her newfound courage to stand on the stage and showcase her talent to Sarah’s unwavering belief in her abilities. Sarah, beaming with pride, reassured her friend that she had always possessed the courage within her, and all she needed was someone to believe in her.(共100张PPT)
UNIT 5 POEMS
Period Three Using Language
课前自主预习
A．最后期限；截止日期
B．比赛；竞赛；竞争；争取赢得(比赛、选举等)；争辩
C．悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
D．细绳；线；一串；悬挂；系；弦乐器的；线织的
E．贫瘠的；不结果实的
Ⅰ.猜词意
1．He is hopeless about his chances of winning the contest.
( )
2．No one could raise crops on this barren land.( )
3．I’m afraid you’ve missed the deadline，so your application cannot be considered.( )
4．He built the company through a string of well-timed acquisitions.( )
5．Love, hate, joy, fear and grief are emotions.( )
【答案】1－5 BEADC
Ⅱ.猜单词拼写
1．polished adj.优雅的；精致的→__________vt.修改；润色；抛光 n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮
(参考：furnished→furnish)
2．where adv.在哪里 conj.在……地方→__________ conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 adv.(用于问句)究竟在(到)哪里
(参考：which→whichever)
【答案】1.polish 2.wherever
3．nurse n．护士→__________ adj.幼儿教育的 n．托儿所；保育室
(参考：slave→slavery)
4．mood n．情绪；心情；语气→__________ adj.情绪不好；脾气坏的
(参考：sleep→sleepy)
【答案】3.nursery 4.moody
Ⅲ.猜短语填空
keep up with, hold onto, come across, from beginning to end
1．We’ve met a few problems by chance that need resolving.
＝We’ve ____________ a few problems that need resolving.
2．She walks so fast that I can never catch up with her.
＝She walks so fast that I can never _______________ her.
【答案】1.come across 2.keep up with
3．I’ve read the whole book from start to finish and still can’t understand it.
＝I’ve read the whole book ________________________ and still can’t understand it.
4．Hold the rope firmly and don’t let go.
＝____________ the rope and don’t let go.
【答案】3.from beginning to end 4.Hold onto
课文语篇研读
Ⅰ.课文阅读理解
( )1.What rhetorical device is used in the poem The Arrow and the Song
A．Simile. B．Metaphor.
C．Personification. D．Irony.
【答案】B
( )2.What image can we see in the poem Night
A．A dark night with stars in the sky.
B．A great mountain with many trees.
C．An open field with green grass.
D．A tall tree with an arrow in it.
【答案】A
( )3.When you read the poem Dream, you can’t help feeling ________．
A．frightened B．delighted
C．cold D．excited
【答案】C
( )4.In these poems, we can always see ________.
A．blank verse
B．charming images
C．personal emotions
D．rhyming words
【答案】D
( )5.In the poem A Match, the author compares himself to the ________．
A．rose B．leaf
C．moon D．bird
【答案】B
Ⅱ.语法填空
I was enrolled in a school at the age of five. 1.________ was a primary school. The memory of my 2.________(one) day in school is still fresh in my mind. It 3.________(be) a small school with eight rooms. There were ten teachers, 4.________(include) the physical instructor. The headmaster’s office was separate. The school had a compound(综合楼)with green lawns and flower beds.
【答案】1.It 2.first 3.was 4.including
My father took me to the headmaster’s office and got me 5.________(admit) in the school. He gave me a packet of sweets to be shared among my classmates. My class teacher was very gentle, 6.________ encouraged me and treated me 7.________(kind). I felt a bit nervous in the new environment. The boys looked at me 8.________ wonder and smiled. I had my English primer(初级读本) and got my first lesson in alphabet.
【答案】5.admitted 6.who 7.kindly 8.with
The bell rang for break. The boys rushed out of the classrooms. Some of 9.________(they) gathered round me. They laughed at me and made fun of me. A few sympathised with me and befriended me. I had a novel experience.10.________ last bell went at three in the afternoon. All the boys felt very happy. I also took my bag and hurried back to my home.
【答案】9.them 10.The
课堂新知讲练
1．inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
(P54)What might inspire you to write poems
【翻译】是什么激励你写诗？
◇词汇拓讲
(1)inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考；赋予灵感(常用于被动语态)；使产生(感觉或情感)
inspire sb (to do sth) 鼓励某人(做某事)
inspire sb with sth＝inspire sth in sb
使某人产生(感觉或情感)
(2)inspired adj.备受鼓舞的
(3)inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
(4)inspiration n．灵感；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
【用法详解】
【语境助记】
I was inspired by his inspiring remarks, which brought me creative inspiration.
我被他鼓舞人心的话所激励，这些话给我带来了创作灵感。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)My thanks should go to those inspiring me________(go) ahead and giving me support as well.
(2)When asked where her________ for the novel came from, she said her father’s________ words ________ her to write it. (inspire)
【答案】(1)to go (2)inspiration; inspiring; inspired
完成句子
(3)The old father talked with his son and__________________ ________________________．
那位年迈的父亲和他的儿子进行了谈话，使他的儿子产生了信心。
【答案】(3)inspired his son with confidence/inspired confidence in his son
2．deadline n．最后期限；截止日期
(P54)When is the deadline for the poetry contest
【翻译】诗歌比赛的截止日期是什么时候？
meet the deadline 赶上最后期限；按期完成
miss the deadline 错过最后期限，脱期
set a deadline 规定最后期限
give sb a deadline 给某人规定一个期限
a deadline for (doing) sth (做)某事的最后期限
ahead of the deadline 在截止日期之前
【用法详解】
If this did not work，we would miss the deadline.
要是这个办法行不通，我们就会错过截止日期了。
Is it going to be impossible for you to meet the deadline
你们不可能在最后期限前完成了吗？
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)I propose that we should set ________ deadline for handing in the plans.
(2)We are not able to meet ________ deadline because of manufacturing delays.
【答案】(1)a (2)the
完成句子
(3)I hope you can submit your term papers ________________ __________．
我希望你们能在最后限期之前交上你们的学期论文。
【答案】(3)ahead of the deadline
3．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光
n．上光剂；抛光；擦亮
(P54)What does Nora mean by saying that she needs time to polish her writing
【翻译】诺拉说她需要时间来润色她的文章是什么意思？
polish…with… 用……擦亮……
polish off吃光；喝光；击败；战胜
polish up提高；擦亮
【用法详解】
I think you should polish up your spoken English.
我觉得你应该提高你的英语口语水平。
She polished the table with a piece of rag.
她用一块破布擦亮了桌子。
No matter what he is offered to eat, he polishes it off in an instant.
不管给他吃什么，他都能在瞬间吃光。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)Each morning he would shave and polish _____ his shoes.
(2)He polished ________ the remains of the apple pie.
(3)He polished his shoes________ a brush before going out.
完成句子
(4)Each morning he shaved and ____________________．
他每天早晨都刮脸、擦鞋。
【答案】(1)up (2)off (3)with (4)polished his shoes
4．come across偶然遇见；偶然发现；被理解；被弄懂
(P54)If you come across a topic you are familiar with, you can think about what you already know about it before you listen.
【翻译】如果你遇到一个熟悉的话题，可以在听之前想想你对这个话题的了解。
come on得了吧；加把劲；快点
come about发生(常与how连用)
come out出现；出版；发表
come true实现；成为现实(不用于被动语态)
come up被提及；被讨论
come up with找到(答案)；想出(主意)
When it comes to… 当涉及/谈到……
【用法详解】
When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I hadn’t seen for years.
当我走在街上的时候，偶然遇到了多年未见的大卫。
【语境助记】
A number of questions came up at the meeting, but the leaders could not come up with any proper answers.
会议上提出了许多问题，但领导们想不出任何适当的答案。
【名师点津】
come up的主语是物，表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”，无被动语态。而come up with的主语是人或团体组织，表示“(某人/组织)提出(建议、计划、方案)”，为及物动词短语。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come ________．
(2)Please tell me how the accident came ________． I am still in the dark.
(3)Several new books will have come ________ by the end of next month.
【答案】(1)across (2)about (3)out
完成句子
(4)__________________________ students’ surfing the Internet，some people think students can benefit from it.
当谈到学生上网时，有些人认为学生可以从中获益。
【答案】(4)When it comes to
5．be familiar with熟悉
(P54)If you come across a topic you are familiar with, you can think about what you already know about it before you listen.
【翻译】如果你遇到一个熟悉的话题，可以在听之前想想你对这个话题的了解。
sb be/get familiar with sth/sb 某人对某事物/某人熟悉
sth/sb be familiar to sb 某事物/某人为某人所熟悉
【用法详解】
He’s a familiar figure in the school.
他在这个学校是大家熟悉的人物。
They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.
他们是如此受欢迎，以至于他们的粉丝们为了更加了解他们而成立了俱乐部。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)We are not familiar ________ your company.
(2)Your name is familiar _______ me.
【答案】(1)with (2)to
1．(P54)Using prior knowledge will make it easier for you to predict what you will hear.
【翻译】使用以前的知识将使你更容易预测你将听到什么。
【句式剖析】
在本句中，it是一个形式宾语，形容词easier是宾语补足语，不定式复合结构“to predict what you will hear”是本句真正的宾语。
◇句式解读
【归纳拓展】
“make＋宾语＋宾补”的结构中，宾补通常有如下几种形式：
(1)make＋宾语＋名词(作宾语补足语)
Most pop singers make music their career.
大多数流行歌手把音乐当作他们的职业。
(2)make＋宾语＋不带to的不定式(作宾语补足语)
Nobody made us go to bed at a certain time.
没有人让我们在某一固定时间就寝。
(3)make＋宾语＋形容词(作宾语补足语)
The librarians try their best to make the library clean and tidy.
图书馆管理员们尽力使图书馆保持干净整洁。
(4)make＋宾语＋过去分词(作宾语补足语)
The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard.
那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。
(5)make＋宾语＋介词短语(作宾语补足语)
“Make yourself at home，” the hostess said to me as soon as I entered the house.
我刚一进门，女主人就对我说：“别客气，就像在你自己家一样。”
(6)make＋宾语＋从句(作宾语补足语)
We will soon make our school what your school is now.
我们很快就会把我们的学校发展成你们学校目前的那个样子。
(7)make＋it(形式宾语)＋形容词或名词(作宾语补足语)＋带to的不定式(作真正的宾语)
People in the West make it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
西方人常在圣诞节时给亲属和朋友购买礼物。
(8)make＋it(形式宾语)＋形容词或名词(作宾语补足语)＋从句(作真正的宾语)
They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.
他们要向公众表明，他们所做的工作不但重要，而且是必不可少的。
[针对练习]
完成句子
(1)The purpose of new technologies is to _________________ _______________．
新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易，而不是变得更加困难。
(2)In the end, the parents made _____________________．
最后，这对父母让他们的儿子变成了一个诚实的人。
【答案】(1)make life easier, not to make it more difficult
(2)their son into an honest person
(3)The foreigner spoke slowly so as to ___________________ ___________________________．
这位外国人说话缓慢，试图让我们能够听明白他的意思。
(4)This makes ________ possible for agriculture and industry ________________________．
这使工农业有可能快速发展。
【答案】(3)make himself understood/make us understand him
(4)it; to develop quickly
2．(P56)Wherever it blew,
I should know that the wind
Had been going there too.
【翻译】无论风吹到什么地方，
我都知道
风曾到过那里。
【句式剖析】
本句中的“Wherever it blew”是一个表示地点的状语从句，意为“无论风吹到什么地方”。
【归纳拓展】
(1)whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。
(2)however 引导让步状语从句时的结构：however＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语。
Wherever someone finished a journey, they would leave the bike there for someone else to use.
无论一个人在什么地方不用车了，他们都可以把车放在那里让别人使用。
[针对练习]
单句语法填空
(1)____________ hard he studied，he still failed in the important exam，which made him in a bad mood.
(2)__________ I go, I always seem to bump into him.
【答案】(1)However (2)Wherever
完成句子
(3)_________________________________，my head teacher will spare no effort to give me a hand and provide me with timely guidance.
无论什么时候我有困难，我的校长都会不遗余力地帮助我，及时给我指导。
【答案】(3)Whenever/No matter when I am in trouble
课后进阶专练
基础练
(建议用时：10分钟)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．He determined to seek ________ a building more suited to their needs.
2．Before travelling in a city you are not familiar ________ you should learn the local customs first.
3．Our English teacher always inspires me ________(work) hard at my lessons.
【答案】1.for 2.with 3.to work
4．________(where) needed, social workers come to help.
5．They should make ________ clear for us to know how to operate the machine.
6．After the surface is ________(polish), a design is incised or painted.
7．Just at that moment, I was able to see many birds ________(fly) high up in the sky.
【答案】4.Wherever 5.it 6.polished 7.flying
8．The little boy suddenly lost his hearing, ________ worried his parents a lot.
9．__________ we all know，motivation is an important factor affecting the learning effect.
10．The professor always spends the whole day in the bookshop __________ which he found a new dictionary yesterday.
【答案】8.which 9.As 10.in
Ⅱ.短语填空
hold fast to, come across, pour out, keep up with, to one’s grief, polish up, put up
1．Growing up in Canada, I didn’t ____________________ this sort of theatre work.
2．These 10 years have shown that we _______________our freedoms.
【答案】1.come across 2.hold fast to
3．__________，when he returned home, his grandfather had passed away.
4．I’m going to New York, so I must ________my English.
5．Mike insisted that he was right and that we should ______________ our tent.
【答案】3．To his grief 4.polish up 5.put up
6．She ____________ her troubles to me over a cup of coffee.
7．The world has been developing very fast，and every country must________________ the time.
【答案】6．poured out 7.keep up with
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．The experts are trying to find out ________________ the serious pollution in this area.
专家们正在努力地弄清楚这个区域污染严重的原因。
2．________________________，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down on the amount you eat.
不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。
【答案】1．the reason for
2．However / No matter how hard you try
3．The possibility that there is life on other planets in the universe has always ________________________ the outer space.
宇宙中其他行星上存在生命的可能性一直激励着科学家探索外太空。
4．He told a story ______________________．
他讲了一个使我们深受感动的故事。
【答案】3．inspired scientists to explore
4．which/that moved us deeply
5．The volunteers cleared away the snow on the street to ______________________________________．
志愿者们清除了街上的积雪，使人们能够在上面更安全地行走。
【答案】5．make it safer for people to walk on
提升练
(建议用时：30分钟)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Family: Poems—by Mr Keith Keenan
Kindle $0.00; Hardcover $12.50; Paperback $7.00.
The poet describes personal thoughts and feelings in a lyrical journey to understand and celebrate his family. “Family” looks at living honestly in places, not illusions. Figurative (形象的) language, a love of metaphor and sharp images all make the poems work.
Time to Heal—by Alexandra Vasiliu
Kindle $9.99; Hardcover $21.94; Paperback $12.64.
From the bestselling author comes an inspirational poetry book about love, healing, and growth. It is a reminder to strive to change for the better. Featuring more than 130 uplifting poems and black-and-white illustrations, it’s a great companion when you need to embrace self-love and personal transformation.
Seeds from a Birch Tree—by Clark Strand
Kindle $9.99; Hardcover $26.80; Paperback $16.95.
Seeds from a Birch Tree makes nature into a spiritual path. Its message was simple: Haiku teaches us to return to nature by following the seasons—seventeen syllables at a time. With its mix of poetry and memoir, the book guides us to the joy hidden in plain sight, leading us to get into a good state of body and mind.
A Poem for Every Day—by Allie Esiri
Kindle $9.99; Hardcover $28.05; Audio CD $18.05.
This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates—funny for April Fools’ Day, festive for Christmas. This is the perfect gift for poetry lovers of all ages. These poems are informative, peaceful, and energetic!
There are a large number of poetry collections on Amazon. More information, please click here.
1．How much will you pay if you are to buy a hardcover edition of a book on haiku
A．$12.50. B．$21.94.
C．$26.80. D．$28.05.
2．According to the text, what can we learn about the books
A．Family: Poems features plain language.
B．Time to Heal features colourful illustrations.
C．Seeds from a Birch Tree focuses on human nature.
D．A Poem for Every Day focuses on festive celebrations.
3．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A marketing website.
B．A literature magazine.
C．A book review.
D．A news report.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本诗集。
1．C 细节理解题。根据Seeds from a Birch Tree部分中的“Its message was simple: Haiku teaches us to return to nature by following the seasons—seventeen syllables at a time(它传达的信息很简单：俳句诗教我们按照季节回归自然——一次十七个音节).”和“Hardcover $26.80(精装本26.80美元)”可知，俳句诗精装本是26.80美元。故选C项。
2．D 细节理解题。根据A Poem for Every Day部分中的“This audio book is a collection of 366 poems which link to events on key dates—funny for April Fool’s Day, festive for Christmas(这本有声读物收录了366首诗歌，这些诗歌与关键日期的事件相关——愚人节的乐趣，圣诞节的节日).”可知，A Poem for Every Day是一本收藏了很多关于重大节日的诗集。故选D项。
3．A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“More information, please click here.”可知，本文来自网站。故选A项。
B
Anyone can write a baby poem, and everyone enjoys reading it, the young and the old.Baby shower poems can have rhythm and rhyme, but they certainly don’t have to.Poems can be either long or short, but short poems are probably best for your typical baby shower needs.You can add a little humour as well!
The people who are most often touched by baby shower poems are those who have had children themselves.Sweet poems can remind them of the time when their little ones were still young.No one will appreciate them more than the family members themselves.If you are a creative writer or have a special talent for putting words together in a special way, then you should try writing your own baby shower poems.This would make a great gift idea as well.
If you decide to write your own baby poems, even common things can inspire you.Inspiration can be found anywhere.Look back on your own memories from the past.What was special about your childhood What special object have you treasured over the years What words of wisdom could you pass on to the next generation Look around the house and imagine a baby being there.What do you see, hear, or feel Let those thoughts be the sources of your best baby poems.
When writing a baby poem, you do not have to write like Shakespeare, and you just have to be earnest. Years later when the baby has grown, think of how special they will feel knowing the words were just for them.
If you are not the creative type, don’t worry! There are lots of places online where you can look for poems saying just the things you want to say.Poems have been written on all subjects throughout the ages, and baby poems and baby shower poems are no exception.A quick search online doesn’t have to take any time at all.
4．In the author’s opinion, baby shower poems ________．
A．all have a little humour in them
B．are not suitable for adults to enjoy
C．don’t have to have rhythm or rhyme
D．must be short enough to meet babies’ needs
5．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Advice from poets on writing poems.
B．Words that can be used in baby poems.
C．Different ways of writing baby poems.
D．Inspiration for writing baby poems.
6．According to Paragraph 4, a baby poem should sound ________．
A．encouraging B．sincere
C．beautiful D．interesting
7．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Write Baby Poems to Say What’s in Your Heart
B．The Most Beautiful Poems in the World
C．How Babies Read Poems
D．How Poems Inspire Babies
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何写关于婴儿的诗歌。
4．C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Baby shower poems can have rhythm and rhyme, but they certainly don’t have to.”可知，作者认为婴儿洗礼诗不必押韵。故选C项。
5．D 段落大意题。根据第三段第一、二句“…even common things can inspire you.Inspiration can be found anywhere.”以及最后一句“Let those thoughts be the sources of your best baby poems.”可知，本段主要讲述如何寻找写婴儿诗的灵感。故选D项。
6．B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When writing a baby poem…you just have to be earnest.”可知，婴儿诗应该听起来是真挚的。故选B项。
7．A 标题推测题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述婴儿诗的特点、写婴儿诗的好处以及如何获得写婴儿诗的灵感。A项“写婴儿诗来说出你心中所想的东西”最适合作标题。 故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Poetry Writing Tips for Beginners
Poetry is one of the oldest and most respected literary forms. It takes a certain style and skill with words to create a good work of poetry. Here are some easy-to-follow tips on writing poetry：
__1__
Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible. Take a glance at the works of Neruda, Keats, Whitman, and Dickinson to name a few of the greats. This does not mean that you should copy their works of course. __2__．
Choose a specific theme
Like any other type of literary works, your poem will need a specific theme. You can’t write a poem effectively if you don’t have a set theme. A theme will give your work both focus and a set goal. __3__. It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.
Read it aloud
During the writing process, it is important that you check how your poem sounds. __4__．However, it may sound awkward once you read it aloud. So take the time to read your work aloud. Read it aloud after each stanza(诗节). If you want to be more thorough, you could read it aloud to family and friends.
Polish it up
After you have your poem critiqued(评论), now is the time to polish it up. Take their advice and make any changes to the wordplay or word usage. If you see any clunky wordplay in your work, try to smoothen them out. Remember that poetry should have a flow, an almost lyrical feel.
__5__. However, once you put these poetry writing tips for beginners into practice, you’ll be able to create quality poetry in no time.
A．Free your mind
B．Read great poems
C．It may seem perfect when you’re reading it
D．Your theme can be practically anything under the sun
E．Learning how to write poetry can be slow-going at first
F．It is still a very satisfying feeling to create great works of poetry
G．Think of them as references that will expand your horizons as a poet
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章为初学者写诗歌提供了几个好建议。
1．B 空格处作本段小标题。根据下文“Before you start the writing process, you should make sure that you read as many great poems as possible.”可知，这一段是建议在开始写诗歌前，要多读好的诗歌。B项“读好的诗”与本段内容相关，符合语境。故选B项。
2．G 根据上文“This does not mean that you should copy their works of course.”可知，此处是建议读优秀的诗歌，但是不要复制抄袭。G项“把它们当作参考文献，作为一个诗人，它们会扩大你的视野”指出把读过的诗歌当作参考，拓宽视野，符合语境。故选G项。
3．D 根据下文“It could be about loss, love, hate, greed, etc. Your theme could also be about a very specific event in your life, such as your first love or a broken relationship.”可知，这一段作者建议作诗应选定主题，但是主题的范围特别广泛。D项“你的主题几乎可以是任何事情”符合语境。故选D项。
4．C 根据下文“However, it may sound awkward once you read it aloud.”可知，这一段建议写完诗歌后要读出来听听，且这一句话用转折副词However “然而”与上文连接，说明上文应该是指出：所写的诗歌读起来感觉很不错。C项“当你读它的时候，它可能看起来很完美”符合语境。故选C项。
5．E 根据下文“However, once you put these poetry writing tips for beginners into practice, you’ll be able to create quality poetry in no time.”可知，此处作者指出只要认真按照其提供的建议学习写诗歌，很快就能写出好的诗歌。且这一句话用转折副词However“然而”与上文连接，说明上文应该是指出：最开始学写诗歌很难很慢。E项“刚开始学写诗可能会很慢”和下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选E项。
Ⅲ.语法填空
One sunny day in the late spring of 353, a party took place with 40-some poets, scholars, and artists 1.________(play) a drinking game by a river in Lanting, or the “Orchid Pavilion”，a hilly southwestern suburb of Shaoxing. They floated cups of wine in the flow of the stream. 2.________ the cup stopped in front of a guest, he had to compose a poem.
A total of 37 poems 3.________(write) that day, but it was the foreword to the poetry collection by famed calligrapher Wang Xizhi, titled “Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion”，that made this party one of the best known in Chinese 4.________(literature) history. In 324 words, Wang described the event while expressing his passion 5.________ life. The naturally-flowing strokes, a product of his outstanding skills and the 6.________(inspire) of the moment have led the “Preface” to be regarded 7.________(wide) as the best semi-cursive calligraphy(行书) work ever.
Today, visitors can go to the “Orchid Pavilion” area, an elegant garden complex on the former site of the party, 8.________ includes a calligraphy museum, a pavilion, and a pond, all 9.________(surround) by thick bamboo forests. In downtown Shaoxing—10.________ world of alleyways, green canals, ancient bridges and graying whitewashed houses, one can also visit a number of scenery sites connected with Wang’s stories from his time there.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国文学史上因《兰亭集序》而闻名的一次宴会——兰亭聚会以及现在的兰亭。
1．playing 考查动词的-ing形式。分析句子可知，此处考查“with＋宾语＋非谓语动词(短语)”的结构。动词play与其逻辑主语“40-some poets, scholars, and artists” 为主谓关系，应用动词的-ing形式。故填playing。
2．When 考查状语从句。根据语境可知，此处表示“当杯子停在客人面前时，他不得不作一首诗”，应用连词when。此处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填When。
3．were written 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“that day”可知，此处应用一般过去时。空格处在句中作谓语，且动词write与主语“A total of 37 poems”是动宾关系，应用被动语态。主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were written。
4．literary 考查形容词。根据空格后的名词history可知，此处应用形容词，表示“在中国的文学史上”。故填literary。
5．for 考查介词。短语passion for sth为固定搭配，意为“对某事的热情”。故填for。
6．inspiration 考查名词。根据空格前的“of his outstanding skills and the”和语境可知，此处应用名词作宾语，表示“当时的灵感”。故填inspiration。
7．widely 考查副词。此处修饰动词短语be regarded as，应用副词形式。故填widely。
8．which 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词为“an elegant garden complex”，指物且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
