(共71张PPT)
基础模块3
Unit 4 Customer Service
单元导读
本单元主要考查关于顾客投诉题材方面的重点词汇、重点短语的区别及用法;考 生应熟练掌握重点句型的结构及用途,熟练掌握状语从句的定义、分类及功能, 能够运用阅读技巧快速从关于介绍顾客投诉的文本中提取正确信息,解决实际中 的问题。其中重点词汇的用法及辨析、状语从句的分类及用法,是安徽对口升学 考试的高频考点。
知识精讲
精 讲 一 词 汇
1. apology n.道歉
【课文再现】
The staff checked the battery and expressed apology for the inconvenience caused.这 个工作人员检查了电池,并为造成的不便表达了歉意。
【归纳拓展】
(1)apologize v.道歉;apology n.道歉。
(2)apologize to...向……道歉
(3)apologize for...因……道歉。如:
We would like to apologize for the delay.我们愿对延迟表示歉意。
(4)make an apology=apologize 道歉。如:
He is making an apology to his boss.他正在向他的老板道歉。
【典型例题】
She made an to her friend for forgetting the birthday party.
A. apology B. engagement
C. opinion D. announcement
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:她因忘记她朋友的生日聚会而向她朋友道歉。apology道歉; engagement订婚,约会;opinion观点;announcement通知。make an apology意 为“道歉”,是固定搭配。
【现学现练】
(1)I think you should to your sister for breaking her favorite cup.
A. apology B. apologize
C. apologetic D. apologies
【解析】句意:我觉得你应该为打碎了你姐姐最喜欢的杯子而向她道歉。空前有 情态动词should,空处应用动词原形。apologize to sb.for sth.是固定用法,意为 “因某事向某人道歉”。
(2)You need to apologize your teacher being so rude in class yesterday.
A. to;for B. for;to
C. with;about D. at;of
【解析】句意:你需要为昨天在课堂上如此粗鲁(的行为)向你的老师道歉。 apologize to sb.for sth.意为“因某事向某人道歉”,是固定用法。
B
A
2. arrange v.安排
【课文再现】
We’ll arrange for a second delivery as quickly as possible.我们将尽快安排 二次送件。
【归纳拓展】
(1)arrange v.安排;arrangement n.安排。如:
That arrangement suits me fine.那个安排很适合我。
(2)arrange for sth.安排某事。如:
They arranged for a car to collect us from the airport.他们安排了一辆汽车到机场接 我们。
(3)arrange sth.for sb.为某人安排某物。
(4)arrange for sb./sth.to do sth.安排某人/某物做某事。如:
I have arranged for him to attend the meeting.我已安排他去参加会议。
(5)make arrangements for...为……做准备,为……做安排。如:
I’ll make arrangements for you to be met at the railway station.我将安排人到火车站 接你。
【典型例题】
Could you help me a meeting room for ten people next Monday?
A. arrange B. attend C. apply D. affect
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:下周一你能帮我安排一间10人的会议室吗?arrange安排, 筹备;attend参加;apply应用,申请;affect影响。此处强调安排一间10 人会议室。
【现学现练】
(1)She arranged a taxi to take her to the airport.
A. with B. for C. of D. to
【解析】句意:她安排了一辆出租车送她去机场。arrange with与……商定; arrange for安排;arrange of无此搭配;arrange to安排做……。arrange for sth./sb.to do sth.意为“安排某物/某人做某事”,是固定用法。
(2)They made an to meet at the café at 3:00 pm this Saturday.
A. arrange B. arranged
C. arranging D. arrangement
【解析】句意:他们安排好了本周六下午三点钟在咖啡馆见面。make an arrangement意为“作出安排”,是固定短语。
B
D
3. complaint n.抱怨;投诉
【课文再现】
Excuse me,I would like to make a complaint.打扰一下,我想投诉。
【归纳拓展】
(1)complain v.抱怨;投诉。complaint n.抱怨;投诉。
(2)complain about/of sth.抱怨某事;投诉某事。如:
I’m calling to complain about the terrible service you provided at the restaurant.我打电 话是要投诉你们饭店提供的糟糕服务。
(3)make a complaint抱怨;投诉。如:
The customer made a complaint to the manager.这个顾客向经理投诉。
(4)complain to sb.about sth.就某事向某人投诉;向某人抱怨某事。如:
She complained to me about his bad manners.她向我抱怨他不礼貌。
【典型例题】
She complained her boss the heavy workload.
A. to;about B. about;to
C. with;for D. for;with
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:她向老板抱怨工作量太大。complain to sb.about sth.意为“向 某人抱怨某事”,是固定用法。
【现学现练】
(1)He always finds something to about,even when everything is fine.
A. complaint B. complaining
C. complain D. complains
【解析】句意:即便一切都好,他也总能找到一些事情来抱怨。分析可知,空前 为不定式标志to,因此空处应用动词原形;complain是动词原形,意为“抱 怨”。
(2)If you have any about the service,please talk to the manager directly.
A. complain B. complained
C. complaining D. complaints
【解析】句意:如果您对服务有任何投诉,请直接与经理沟通。分析可知,空前 有any,空后为介词about,空处应填名词。complaints是可数名词复数,意为 “抱怨,投诉”。
C
D
4. exchange v.调换,交换,交流
【课文再现】
But we’ve exchanged a new sports watch for you.但是我们已经换了一块新的运动 手表给你。
【归纳拓展】
(1)exchange A for B 以A换取B。如:
She exchanged wealth for honor.她牺牲财富以换取荣誉。
(2)exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物,与某人交流某事。如:
We should exchange ideas with our teachers.我们应该与我们的老师交流意见。
(3)exchange还可以作名词,意为“交换;交流”。其固定用法是in exchange for,意为“换取”。如:
For what will a man give in exchange for his soul?一个人会用自己的灵魂 交换什么?
【典型例题】
I’d like to exchange my dollars euros before traveling to France.
A. to B. into C. for D. with
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意:我想在去法国旅行前把美元换成欧元。exchange A for B表示 “将A兑换/换成B”,是固定搭配。
【现学现练】
(1)Can I this shirt for a larger size?
A. exchange B. excite C. exist D. examine
【解析】句意:我可以把这件衬衫换成一件更大尺码的吗?exchange调换,交 换;excite使兴奋;exist存在;examine检查。exchange A for B意为“将A换成 B”。
(2)She exchanged a few words her neighbor.
A. for B. to C. with D. at
【解析】句意:她和邻居交谈了几句。exchange sth.with sb.意为“与某人交换 某物(如话语、礼物等)”,是固定搭配。
A
C
5. reduce v.减少;降低
【课文再现】
...we will reduce the price of the leaflets by 15%.……我们将给您七五折的价格。
【归纳拓展】
(1)reduce v.减少;reducer n.还原剂;reduction n.减少。如:
They must reduce domestic demand.他们必须降低国内需求。
There has been some reduction in unemployment.失业人数有所减少。
(2)be reduced to意为“减少到……”,表示减少的程度。
(3)be reduced by意为“减少了……”,表示减少的数量。
(4)be reduced in在……方面减少,在……方面降低。
【典型例题】
The company is trying to costs by using more efficient technology.
A. reduce B. reduced
C. reducing D. reduction
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:该公司正试图通过采用更高效的技术来降低成本。分析可知, 空前有不定式标志to,空处应用动词原形,构成不定式结构。reduce是动词原 形,意为“减少”,符合语法和句意。
【现学现练】
(1)Eating less sugar can help you the risk of developing diabetes.
A. reduction B. reduce
C. reduced D. reducing
【解析】句意:少吃糖有助于降低患糖尿病的风险。help sb.do sth.意为“帮助 某人做某事”,是固定搭配。
(2)The government plans to reduce carbon emissions 20% over the next five years.
A. by B. at C. with D. for
【解析】句意:政府计划在未来五年内将碳排放减少20%。reduce表示“减少” 时,其后若接具体幅度或数量,常用介词by引出减少的量。
B
A
6. request n.&v.要求
【课文再现】
Even though you didn’t express such a request,we will reduce the price of the leaflets by 15%.即使您并未提出赔偿要求,我们这次也会给您七五折的价格。
【归纳拓展】
(1)request for对……有请求;要求。如:
They rebuffed her request for help.他们拒绝了她的请求,不给她帮助。
(2)at the request of 应……的邀请;应……的要求。如:
He was there at the request of his manager.他按照经理的要求到了那里。
(3)make a request 请求。如:
He wants to make a request.他想提一个请求。
【典型例题】
They made a(n) for further aid.
A. request B. demand
C. order D. ask
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:他们请求进一步帮助。make a request意为“请求”,是固定搭 配,符合题意。
【现学现练】
(1)Passengers are to fasten their seat belts immediately after boarding the plane.
A. said B. talked C. requested D. heard
【解析】句意:乘客被要求在登机后立即系好他们的安全带。request作动词 时,常用于正式或礼貌的场合,表示“请求,要求”。其常见结构为request sb.to do sth.或sb.be requested to do sth.。
C
(2)If you need any help with your task,don’t hesitate to make a to your teacher.
A. request B. recycle C. reduction D. repair
【解析】句意:如果你在任务上需要任何帮助,尽管向你的老师提出请求。 request请求;recycle回收;reduction减少;repair修理。make a request意为 “提出请求”,是固定用法。
A
精 讲 二 短 语
7. work out算出;解决;制定出
【课文再现】
We’ll try our best to work out a better solution for you.我们会尽我们所能,为你提 出一个更好的解决方案。
【归纳拓展】
(1)work out解决;算出;锻炼。如:
Don’t worry;things will be worked out.别担心,事情总会解决的。
I work out regularly to keep fit.我经常运动以保持健康。
(2)work on从事……工作;对……起作用。
(3)work as做……工作,后加职业。如:
She works as an accountant in a big company.她在一家大公司里做会计。
(4)work for为……工作。
【典型例题】
Don’t worry.I’m sure everything will work in the end.
A. up B. out C. for D. with
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意:别担心。我确信一切最终都会好起来的。work up激发,逐步建 立;work out顺利进行,解决;work for为……工作;work with与……一起工 作。根据句意可知,work out符合题意。
【现学现练】
(1)I need some time to work the details of our travel plan.
A. for B. out C. up D. as
B
【解析】句意:我需要一些时间来解决我们旅行计划的细节(问题)。work for 为……工作;work out解决,算出;work up逐步建立,激发;work as担任。 work out the details解决细节(问题)。
(2)She needs to work the new marketing plan before the meeting next Monday.
A. at B. on C. for D. with
【解析】句意:她需要在下周一的会议前致力于新营销计划的工作。work at 意 为“在……工作”,at后常接地点;work on意为“致力于,从事”,其后接具 体的工作内容或对象,如计划、任务、问题等;work for意为“为……工作/效 力”;work with意为“与……合作,使用某工具/材料工作”。
B
8. due to由于,因为
【课文再现】
I’d like to express our sincere apology for the inconvenience due to our carelessness. 对由于我们的疏忽给贵公司造成的不便,我在此深表歉意。
【归纳拓展】
(1)due to 因为,由于。如:
Her absence is due to illness.她因病缺席。
Due to the extreme cold,we were unable to plant the trees.由于天气很冷,我们无法 去植树。
(2)owing to意为“由于,因为”,多引导原因状语。
(3)up to 由……决定。
(4)be due to do sth.将做某事,定于某时做某事。如:
The show is due to begin in an hour.这场表演将在一个小时之后开始。
【典型例题】
The outdoor concert was canceled the sudden heavy rain.
A. due to B. because C. as D. for
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:由于突然下起了大雨,户外音乐会被取消了。due to由于,因为 (其后直接接名词或名词性短语);because,as,for均可表示原因,但其后必 须接完整从句。
【现学现练】
(1)The delay in the project was unexpected technical problems.
A. led to B. due to C. resulted in D. thanks to
【解析】句意:项目延期是由于(出现了)意外的技术问题。due to意为“由 于,因为”,用于说明原因或理由;led to(导致)和resulted in(导致)均表示 后果;thanks to意为“多亏”,通常用于表示积极原因。
(2)The new fitness center in our neighborhood open to the public next month.
A. is due to B. is due for
C. due to D. is because of
【解析】句意:我们社区的新健身中心将于下个月向公众开放。be due to do sth.表示“将做某事,定于某时做某事”,强调一种既定的安排,是固定用法。
B
A
9. in charge of 负责……
【课文再现】
The staff who was in charge of the delivery put the wrong address sheet on the package and thus caused the problem.负责投递的工作人员在包裹上把邮寄地址贴错了,导 致了这次误投事件。
【归纳拓展】
(1)charge sth.给某物充电。如:
I’d like to charge the battery of the mobile phone.我想给手机电池充电。
(2)in charge of负责……,掌管……。如:
Mr Smith is in charge of the company.史密斯先生负责管理这家公司。
(3)in the charge of在……的看护/监管下。
(4)take charge of接管,负责。
(5)charge...for sth.因为某物要价……。如:
How much do you charge for a room with a bath?一间带浴室的房间要价多少钱?
(6)charge sb.with (doing)sth.指控某人(做)某事,因为(做)某事而控告 某人。如:
She charged him with cheating.她指控他诈骗。
【典型例题】
Can you remind me to my phone tonight?The battery is almost dead.
A. pay B. change C. charge D. cost
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意:你能提醒我今晚给手机充电吗?(手机的)电池快没电了。pay 支付;change改变,更换;charge充电,收费;cost需付费,价钱为。
【现学现练】
(1)Mr Johnson,who is the sales department,will give a presentation this afternoon.
A. in charge of B. in the charge of
C. charging for D. taking charge
【解析】句意:约翰逊先生负责销售部,他今天下午将做一个报告。in charge of 负责,掌管;in the charge of在……的监管下;charging for为……收费;taking charge负责(不及物动词短语,其后不能直接接宾语,常用结构为take charge of)。
A
(2)The café doesn’t the Wi-Fi.It’s free for all customers.
A. charge for B. charge with
C. charge on D. charge in
【解析】句意:这家咖啡馆的无线网不收费,对所有顾客免费。charge for 为……收费;charge with指控(某人犯有某罪);charge on和charge in是错误 搭配。
A
10. as...as possible 尽可能……
【课文再现】
We’ll arrange for a second delivery as quickly as possible.我们将尽快安排 二次送件。
【归纳拓展】
(1)as+adj./adv.+as possible 尽可能……。如:
I hope you’ll stay as long as possible.我希望你尽可能待久一点儿。
(2)as soon as一……就……。如:
I’ll call you as soon as I finish my homework.我一完成作业就给你打电话。
(3)as long as只要……。
(4)as+adj./adv.+as意为“与……一样……”,其否定形式为not as/so+ adj./adv.+as,意为“不如……”。如:
He runs as fast as a horse.他跑得像马一样快。
【典型例题】
The doctor told him to rest after the surgery.
A. so much as possible B. as much as possible
C. as many as possible D. as more as possible
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意:医生告诉他手术后要尽可能多休息。as...as possible意为“尽 可能……”,两个as之间应用形容词或副词的原级。此处应用副词much修饰动 词rest。
【现学现练】
(1)To finish the project on time,we need as people as possible to help us.
A. much B. more C. many D. most
【解析】句意:为了按时完成项目,我们需要尽可能多的人来帮忙。固定结构 “as+形容词/副词原级+as possible”意为“尽可能……”;“as many+可数 名词复数+as possible”表示“尽可能多的……”。
C
(2)Tom will stop playing video games his father comes home.
A. as long as B. as soon as
C. as far as D. as well as
【解析】句意:汤姆的爸爸一回家,汤姆就会停止玩电子游戏。as long as意为 “只要……”,表示条件;as soon as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从 句,表示主句的动作紧接着从句的动作发生;as far as意为“就……而言,远 至……”,通常用于表达观点或距离;as well as意为“和,以及”,可表示并列 关系。
B
精 讲 三 句 型
11. Make sure(that)you receive the right leaflets tomorrow.确保您明天收到正确 的宣传页。
【归纳拓展】
(1)make sure to do sth.确保做某事。如:
Make sure to lock the door when you leave the room.当你离开房间的时候,确保把 门锁上。
(2)make sure+that从句 确保做某事。如:
Make sure that we win the match tomorrow.确保明天我们能赢这场比赛。
(3)be sure of/about 对……有把握,确信……。如:
I am sure of this answer.我确定就是这个答案。
(4)be sure to do sth.务必做某事,一定做某事。如:
Be sure to come here earlier tomorrow morning.明天早上务必早点到这里来。
【典型例题】
It’s raining heavily now,so she is sure be late.
A. of B. to C. that D. for
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意:现在在下大雨,所以她肯定会迟到。be sure of确信,毫无疑问 (其后接名词或动名词,不能直接接动词原形);be sure to do必定会/肯定会 (常表示说话人基于现有情况对未来的推测);be sure that后接完整的句子;be sure for是错误搭配。
【现学现练】
(1)Remember to bring the map,or you are sure get lost in the mountains alone.
A. of B. to C. that D. for
【解析】句意:记得带地图,否则你独自在山里肯定会迷路。be sure of后接名 词或动名词;be sure to表示“一定会/肯定会(发生某事)”,用于客观推断, 其后接动词原形;be sure that后接完整从句,不能直接接动词原形;be sure for 是错误的搭配。
B
(2)Before handing in your homework,you should make sure all the answers are correct.
A. of B. that C. to D. this
【解析】句意:提交作业前,你应该确保所有答案都是正确的。make sure of后 接名词或名词短语,不能直接接完整从句;make sure that...表示“确保/核 实……(某件事)”,后接完整的从句(that可省略);make sure to后接动词 原形,表示“确保做某事”。
B
12. It happened that there was another company who ordered similar leaflets in the same district as your company.碰巧和贵公司在同一区域的另外一家公司预订了类 似的宣传页。
【归纳拓展】
(1)It happened that...碰巧发生某事。如:
It happened that I were at home that day.碰巧那天我在家。
(2)sb.happened to do sth.某人碰巧做某事。如:
We happened to discover we had a friend in common.我们碰巧发现我们有一个共同 的朋友。
(3)sth.happened to sb.意为“某人出了某事”,常指不好的事情。如:
What happened to you?你怎么了?
(4)sth.happened+介词+地点/时间 某地/某时发生了某事。如:
A traffic accident happened in that street.那条街上发生了一起交通事故。
【典型例题】
It that he had to attend a meeting that afternoon.
A. happens B. happened
C. will happen D. had happened
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意:碰巧那天下午他不得不参加一个会议。根据时间状语that afternoon和空后从句中的had可知,此处表示过去发生的事情,主句时态用一般 过去时,谓语动词用过去式。
【现学现练】
(1)I meet my teacher in the supermarket this morning.
A. happened to B. happen to
C. happened D. happening to
【解析】句意:今天早晨我碰巧在超市里遇到了我的老师。happen to do sth.表 示“碰巧做某事”。根据时间状语this morning可知,句子时态用一般过去时, 故填happened to。
A
(2)It happens we both like the same movie.
A. this B. what C. how D. that
【解析】句意:碰巧我们都喜欢同一部电影。It happens that...意为“碰 巧……”,其中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面that引导的从句,that在这里 是连接词,只起连接作用,没有实际含义,但不能省略。
D
13. Even if I charge it for a whole night,it still doesn’t work.即使我充一整晚电, 它还是不能用。
【归纳拓展】
辨析even if 和 even though。
相同:even if与 even though都是连词,都可引导让步状语从句。
不同:even if表示假设的情况,其引导的从句往往是假设性的,相当于汉语中的 “即使”“纵然”“就算”“哪怕”;而even though表示已经发生的事,其引导 的从句内容往往是真实的,主要用于引出不利于主句情况的信息,相当于汉语中 的“尽管”“虽然”。如:
Even if you exercise every day,you won’t lose weight if you eat like this.即使你天天 运动,你像这样吃也瘦不下来。
I didn’t lose weight even though I ran for 10 kilometers a day.我一天跑十公里,也没 瘦下来。
【典型例题】
(2026年安徽省对口升学考试真题)Reading is all about feeding your mind it is only one page at a time.
A. as though B. even if C. in case D. so that
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意:阅读就是滋养心灵,即使每次只读一页。as though好像;even if即使;in case以防;so that以便。根据句意可知,前后句之间是让步关系,要 用even if连接。
【现学现练】
(1)I will go to the party I am a little tired.
A. even if B. because C. so that D. until
【解析】句意:即使我有点儿累,我也会去聚会。even if意为“即使”,引导让 步状语从句,符合句意;because意为“因为”,表示原因;so that意为“以 便,为了”,表示目的;until意为“直到,直到……为止”,表示时间。
(2)She decided to buy the dress it was quite expensive.
A. even if B. as if C. even though D. unless
【解析】句意:尽管这条裙子很贵,她还是决定买下它。从句it was quite expensive是一个已知事实。even though强调事实性的让步,意为“尽管”,最 符合句意;even if强调假设性的让步,与句意不符。
A
C
14. To express our sincerity,we promise to give you a 5% discount for all the leaflets we may make for you in the future.为表达我们的诚意,我们承诺今后贵公司在我 们公司定制的所有宣传页均享受九五折的优惠。
【归纳拓展】
(1)make a promise 做出承诺,许下诺言。如:
If you make a promise,you should keep it.如果你做出一个承诺,就要遵守。
(2)keep a promise 遵守诺言。
(3)break a promise 违背诺言。
(4)promise (not)to do sth.承诺(不)做某事;答应(不)做某事。如:
The boy promised to study hard.那个男孩答应努力学习。
(5)promise sb.sth.答应某人某事/许诺给某人某物。如:
Promise me you will not waste your time.答应我你不会浪费你的时间。
She promised her son a new toy.她答应儿子给他(买)一个新玩具。
【典型例题】
He me to finish the work by Friday.
A. said B. let C. promised D. made
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意:他向我保证在周五前完成工作。promise sb.to do sth.答应某人 做某事;let/make sb.do sth.让某人做某事。
【现学现练】
(1)He failed to his promise,which made her very disappointed.
A. take B. make C. keep D. break
【解析】句意:他未能信守承诺,这让她非常失望。make a promise许下承诺; keep a promise遵守承诺;break a promise违背承诺。根据句意可知,此处指未 能信守承诺。
(2)Her father promised her a new bicycle after the singing competition.
A. for B. of C. / D. to
【解析】句意:她父亲答应在歌唱比赛后送一辆新自行车给她。promise sb. sth.许诺给某人某物。
C
C
15. I’d like to have this sports watch refunded.我想把这块运动手表退掉。
【归纳拓展】
(1)have sb.do sth.=get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事。如:
I have Mary clean my bedroom.我让玛丽打扫了我的卧室。
(2)have sth./sb.doing=get sth./sb.doing使某人/某物一直处于……状态。如:
Don’t have the machine running the whole day.不要让这台机器整天运转。
(3)have sth.done=get sth.done意为“使某事被……”,还表示某种不幸的遭 遇。如:
The man had his car washed.这个男人让人给他洗车。
They are going to have some trees planted.他们打算种一些树。
【典型例题】
The teacher had the students the classroom after school.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:老师让学生放学后打扫教室。have sb.do sth.让某人做某事。 have sb.doing sth.让某人一直做某事;have sth.done使某事被做。根据句意可 知,此处表示让学生打扫教室。
【现学现练】
(1)I need to my hair before the wedding.
A. have;cut B. have;cutting
C. get;to cut D. make;cut
【解析】句意:我需要在婚礼前理发。have/get sth.done使某事被做;have sb./sth.doing让某人/某物一直做/处于某种状态;make sb.do sth.让某人做某事 (宾语是人,不能直接用于物)。
(2)He finally got his computer after it broke down.
A. repaired B. repair C. repairing D. to repair
【解析】句意:电脑坏掉后,他终于(找人)把它修好了。get sth.done意为 “使某事被做,让他人为自己做某事”。
A
A
语法聚焦
Adverbial clause(状语从句)
一、状语从句分类
本单元着重讲解三种类型的状语从句:让步状语从句、目的状语从句、原因 状语从句。
二、引导状语从句的连接词
1. 引导让步状语从句的常见连接词有even if,even though,though,although, while,as等。如:
We will send them another set of leaflets even if it may cause some loss to our company.我们将送给他们另一套宣传单,即使这可能给我们公司造成一些损失。
You can see rubbish on both sides of the way to the mountain,even though the government has put a lot of manpower to collect the rubbish.你能看见上山的路两边 有许多垃圾,尽管政府已经投入了大量人力收集垃圾。
2. 引导目的状语从句的常见连接词有in order that,so that,in case等。如:
He bought a mobile phone so that his daughter could contact him anytime and anywhere.他买了一部手机以便他的女儿能随时随地联系到他。
Everyone of us should obey the rules of garbage sorting so that we can have a better place to live in.我们每个人都应该遵守垃圾分类的规则,以便我们能有一个更好 的居住环境。
3. 引导原因状语从句的常见连接词有since,because,as,for等。如:
Since you have no use for these things,why don’t you give them to those in need?既 然这些东西你不用,为什么不把它们给那些需要的人呢?
【注意】(1)since除可以引导原因状语从句外,还可以引导时间状语从句,意 为“自从”。如:
It has been almost five years since I taught Senior Three students.我教高三学生已经 五年了。
(2)so that除可以引导目的状语从句外,还可以引导结果状语从句,意为“如 此……,以致……”。如:
He spoke clearly,so that everybody understood him.他讲得很清楚,所以大家都听 懂了。
变式练习
单项选择题(从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意的最佳选项填在题 前括号里)
A. if B. unless C. so that D. until
【解析】句意:我匆匆忙忙以便我上课不迟到。so that意为“以便,为了”,引 导目的状语从句,符合题意和语境。
C
A. If B. Since C. Unless D. Although
【解析】句意:既然现在已经很晚了,我们该回家了。 If意为“如果”,表示条 件;Since意为“既然,由于”,表示已知的、明显的原因,常用于句首;Unless 意为“除非”,相当于if...not;Although意为“虽然”,表示让步。根据句意 可知,此处应用Since。
B
A. as long as B. in case
C. so that D. in order to
【解析】句意:你在这附近等着,以防他来了,我继续往前走。in case意为“以 防”,引导目的状语从句,符合题意。
A. even if B. as C. unless D. until
【解析】句意:即使我们会失败十次,我们也不放弃。even if意为“即使”,引 导让步状语从句,表示假设的情况。
B
A
A. Because B. Unless C. If D. Though
【解析】句意:虽然考试很难,但她仍然以高分通过了。Because意为“因 为”,表示原因;Unless意为“除非”,相当于if...not;If意为“如果”,表示 条件;though意为“虽然,尽管”,表示让步。根据句意可知,此处应用though 表示让步。
D
学以致用
一、单项选择题(从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意的最佳选项填 在题前括号里)
A. advice B. request
C. apology D. complaint
【解析】句意:我认为你应该为在她的生日聚会迟到一事向她道歉。advice建 议;request要求;apology道歉;complaint抱怨。owe sb.an apology欠某人一个 道歉。
C
A. make sure B. due to
C. cause loss to D. arrange for
【解析】句意:为了确保货物按时到达,他给那家公司打了很多次电话。make sure意为“确保”;due to意为“由于,因为”;cause loss to意为“给……造成 损失”;arrange for意为“安排”。“make sure+(that)从句”意为“确 保……”,是固定句型,符合题意。
A
A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair
【解析】句意:汤姆去服务中心(找人)修他的照相机了。根据题干可知,his camera和repair之间是被动关系,因此用过去分词作have的宾语补足语,即have sth.done结构。
A. delay B. delays C. delayed D. delaying
【解析】句意:由于延迟交货,货物没有按时送达。delivery与delay之间是被动 关系。过去分词作定语修饰名词,表达被动和完成。
B
C
A. so B. unless C. or D. until
【解析】句意:不要指望你的事业会成功,除非你努力工作。so意为“所以”, 引导结果状语从句;unless意为“除非,如果不”,相当于if...not,引导条件 状语从句;or表示“否则”,until表示“直到……才”。
B
二、阅读理解(根据短文内容,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意 的最佳选项填在题前括号里)
Handling customer complaints well is a key skill in any business.A complaint is not just a problem;it’s an opportunity to improve.The goal is to turn an unhappy customer into a loyal one.
First,listen carefully.Let the customer explain the whole problem without interrupting.Show that you understand by saying things like “I see.”,or “I understand why you’re upset.”
Next,apologize sincerely.Even if the mistake wasn’t your fault,you can say “I’m sorry for the trouble this has caused you.” This shows you care about their feelings.
Then,find a solution.Ask the customer “What would be a good solution for you?” or offer a few options,like a refund,a replacement,or a discount on their next purchase.Act quickly to fix the issue.
Finally,thank the customer.Say “Thank you for bringing this to our attention.It helps us get better.”
Following these steps can solve the problem and often make the customer trust your business even more.
A. A terrible mistake made by the employee.
B. A chance to make the business better.
C. A sign that the customer is always rude.
D. A problem that should be ignored.
【解析】根据“A complaint is not just a problem;it’s an opportunity to improve.”可知,投诉不仅仅是一个问题,更是一个改进的机会。
B
A. Offer a discount immediately.
B. Listen without interrupting.
C. Tell the customer they are wrong.
D. Ask another employee for help.
【解析】 根据文中“First,listen carefully.Let the customer explain the whole problem without interrupting.”可知,首先要仔细倾听,让客户完整地说明问 题,不要打断客户。
B
A. “That’s not our policy.”
B. “You should have read the instructions.”
C. “I see.”
D. “Please talk to my manager.”
【解析】根据“Show that you understand by saying things like ‘I see.’,or ‘I understand why you’re upset.’”可知,可以通过说“我明白了”或“我理解你 为什么生气了”之类的话来表示理解。
C
A. Ignoring the email. B. Giving a refund.
C. Arguing with the customer. D. Closing the store early.
【解析】根据“...or offer a few options,like a refund,a replacement,or a discount on their next purchase.”可知,解决方式包括退款、换货或者在下次购 买时给予折扣。
B
A. To finish the conversation quickly.
B. To blame a different department.
C. To make the customer go away.
D. To turn an unhappy customer into a loyal one.
【解析】根据“The goal is to turn an unhappy customer into a loyal one.”可 知,处理投诉的目标是将不满意的客户转变为忠实客户。
D