(共72张PPT)
基础模块3
Unit 8 Role Models of the Times
单元导读
本单元主要考查学生对各行各业榜样的认识,要求学生掌握介绍这些榜样时用到 的词汇和句型。语法考查非谓语动词作状语。词汇、短语的辨析和句型通常混合 在一起,结合当前热点话题出一些高质量词汇题,这也是近几年对口升学考试中 命题的走向。在一轮复习中要能灵活运用本单元所掌握的知识来解题,同时有针 对性地训练阅读技巧,改进学习方法,以从容面对每一次考试。
知识精讲
精 讲 一 词 汇
1. admire v.敬佩
【课文再现】
I admire doctors like Zhong Nanshan.我钦佩像钟南山一样的医生。
【归纳拓展】
(1)admiration n.敬佩;钦佩。
(2)admire+sb./sth.钦佩/欣赏某人或某事。如:
I admire Li Lei.我钦佩李雷。
(3)admire+sb.+for sth.因某事/某物佩服某人。如:
I admire you for your behavior.我因你的行为而佩服你。
【典型例题】
We all the beautiful view from the top of the mountain last night.
A. admired B. advised C. added D. admitted
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:昨晚,我们都从山顶欣赏到了美丽景色。admired敬佩,欣赏; advised建议;added增加,添加;admitted承认,准许进入。
【现学现练】
(1)She looked at him with in her eyes.
A. admire B. admiration
C. admiring D. admired
【解析】句意:她眼中满是钦佩地看着他。admiration意为“敬佩,钦佩”,是 名词,符合题意。
(2)The teacher admires the student his excellent performance.
A. at B. to C. with D. for
【解析】句意:老师赞赏这名学生的出色表现。admire sb.for sth.因某事 赞赏某人。
B
D
2. respectable adj.值得尊敬的
【课文再现】
She’s a good and respectable teacher! 她是一名优秀的值得尊敬的老师!
【归纳拓展】
respect v.尊敬。如:
His students respect him.他的学生们都尊敬他。
【典型例题】
He is a teacher who has been working in the school for twenty years.
A. respectable B. comfortable
C. enjoyable D. suitable
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:他是一名在这所学校工作了二十年的值得尊敬的老师。 respectable值得尊敬的;comfortable舒适的;enjoyable令人愉快的;suitable合 适的,恰当的。
【现学现练】
(1)We should the old and help them when they are in need.
A. recall B. repeat C. remind D. respect
【解析】句意:我们应该尊敬老人,并在他们有需要的时候帮助他们。recall回 忆起,记起;repeat重复;remind使想起;respect尊敬。
D
(2)Though he lives a simple life,he is a businessman who always keeps his promises.
A. respectful B. respectable
C. regretful D. respective
【解析】句意:尽管他生活简朴,但他是一名总是信守承诺的值得尊敬的商人。 respectful恭敬的,有礼貌的;respectable值得尊敬的;regretful后悔的; respective各自的,分别的。
B
3. award n.奖品,奖金;v.授予,奖励
【课文再现】
Two excellent Chinese scientists,who were awarded the Medals of the Republic in 2019,are undoubtedly the role models of the times.两名杰出的中国科学家荣获 2019 年“共和国勋章”,无疑是时代的楷模。
【归纳拓展】
(1)award作名词时,意为“奖,奖品,奖金,奖状”;作及物动词时,意为 “授予,奖励,判给”,后面可接名词或代词作宾语。如:
She showed us the awards she had won.她给我们看她赢得的奖品。
The champion was awarded the gold medal.冠军被授予了金牌。
(2)award a medal to sb.授予某人奖章。
(3)award sb.a scholarship 给某人授予奖学金。
(4)award sb.sth.=award sth.to sb.奖励/授予某人某物。
【典型例题】
The government decided to him a medal for his bravery.
A. award B. ward C. celebrate D. praise
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:政府决定授予他一枚英勇奖章。award授予,奖励;ward保 护,保卫;celebrate庆祝,庆贺;praise (口头或精神上的)称赞,表扬。
【现学现练】
(1)The ceremony will be held at the city hall next week.
A. prize B. pride C. award D. send
【解析】句意:颁奖典礼将于下周在市政厅举行。award ceremony意为“颁奖典 礼”,是固定短语。
(2)The title of the “Best Employee of the Year” to him at the annual dinner.
A. took B. was taken
C. was awarded D. award
【解析】句意:在年度晚宴上,他被授予“年度最佳员工”的称号。根据句意可 知,此处是指被授予称号,即主语和award之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态。
C
C
4. succeed v.成功,实现目标
【课文再现】
They finally succeed in getting artemisinin.他们最终成功获得了青蒿素。
【归纳拓展】
(1)success n.成功。successful adj.成功的。successfully adv.成功地。
(2)succeed in doing sth.成功做某事。如:
At last,he succeeded in performing his task.最后他成功地执行了任务。
【典型例题】
She finally succeeded in the difficult math problem after trying many times.
A. solves B. solve C. solving D. to solve
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意:她尝试了很多次,最终成功解决了这道数学难题。succeed in doing sth.意为“成功做某事”。
【现学现练】
(1)As the saying goes,“ belongs to those who are ready to take action.”
A. Success B. Succeed
C. Successful D. Successfully
【解析】句意:俗话说:“成功属于那些准备采取行动的人。”success意为“成 功”,是名词;succeed意为“成功”,是动词;successful意为“成功的”,是 形容词;successfully意为“成功地”,是副词。
(2)This is one of the most projects our company has ever carried out.
A. success B. succeed
C. successful D. successfully
【解析】句意:这是我们公司实施的最成功的项目之一。successful意为“成功 的”,是形容词,修饰名词projects。
A
C
5. benefit n.利益;v.使受益
【课文再现】
...more than 240 million people in Africa have benefited.……非洲有2.4亿多人已 经受益。
【归纳拓展】
benefit from从……中获益。如:
We can both benefit from cooperation.我们都可以从合作中受益。
【典型例题】
The new policy is designed to people who have been out of work for a long time.
A. below B. benefit C. behave D. believe
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意:这项新政策旨在惠及那些长期失业的人。below意为“在……下 面”;benefit意为“使……受益”;behave意为“表现”;believe意为“相 信”。
【现学现练】
(1)Students can benefit a lot group discussions.
A. with B. to C. at D. from
【解析】句意:学生可以从小组讨论中获益匪浅。benefit from意为“从……中 获益”,是固定用法。
(2)Reading classic books is of great to our spiritual growth.
A. benefit B. interest C. ability D. balance
【解析】句意:阅读经典书籍对我们的精神成长大有裨益。benefit意为“好处, 利益”;interest意为“兴趣”;ability意为“能力”;balance意为“平衡”。
D
A
精 讲 二 短 语
6. by the way 顺便说一下,顺便问一下
【课文再现】
By the way,are you still crazy about Li Na?顺便问一下,你还对李娜狂热吗?
【归纳拓展】
(1)in the way妨碍,挡路。如:
He wouldn’t allow emotions to get in the way of him doing his job.他不会允许感情妨 碍他工作。
(2)on the way在路上。如:
He stopped for breakfast on the way.他中途停下吃早餐。
【典型例题】
The big stone is of the road,so we have to move it away first.
A. by the way B. in the way
C. on the way D. in a way
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意:这块大石头把路堵住了,所以我们必须先把它搬走。by the way 意为“顺便说一下”;in the way意为“妨碍,挡路”;on the way意为“在路 上”;in a way意为“在某种程度上”。
【现学现练】
(1)I met an old classmate of mine to the supermarket this morning.
A. by the way B. in the way
C. on the way D. in a way
【解析】句意:今天早上在去超市的路上,我遇见了我的一个老同学。on the way意为“在路上”,符合句意。
(2)— ,do you know where the nearest bookstore is?
—Yes.It’s just around the corner.
A. By the way B. In the way
C. On the way D. In a way
【解析】句意:——顺便问一下,你知道最近的书店在哪里吗?——知道。它就 在拐角处。By the way意为“顺便问一下”,符合句意。
C
A
7. look up to尊敬,敬仰
【课文再现】
Other classmates look up to scientists...其他同学尊敬科学家……
【归纳拓展】
look up to意为“尊敬”,其中to 是介词,后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 look up查阅;查找。如:
I look up to Mr Zhang.我尊敬张老师。
You can look up new words in the dictionary.你可以在字典里查新单词。
【典型例题】
What job makes people you?
A. look up B. look after
C. look up to D. look around
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意:什么工作让人们尊敬你?look up意为“查阅”;look after意为 “照顾”;look up to意为“尊敬,敬仰”;look around意为“环顾四周”。根 据句意可知,C 项符合题意。
【现学现练】
(1)Please the phone number of the restaurant before we go there.
A. look up B. look after
C. look down D. look out
【解析】句意:在我们去饭店之前请查找那儿的电话号码。look up意为“查 找”;look after意为“照顾”;look down意为“向下看,轻视”;look out意为 “小心,向外看”。
(2)Young people usually those who are brave and responsible.
A. look into B. look back
C. look around D. look up to
A
D
【解析】句意:年轻人通常敬仰那些勇敢且负责任的人。look into意为“调 查”;look back意为“回顾,回想”;look around意为“环顾四周,随便看 看”;look up to意为“敬仰,尊敬”。
8. such as例如
【课文再现】
Other classmates look up to scientists,such as Yuan Longping,Tu Youyou and Yu Min.其他同学尊敬科学家,如袁隆平、屠呦呦和于敏。
【归纳拓展】
such as用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子,for example后面接同类人或物的一 个为例。如:
I like eating fruit,such as apples,pears,oranges and bananas.我喜欢吃水果,如 苹果、梨子、橙子和香蕉。
For example,Tom is my good friend.例如,汤姆是我的好朋友。
【典型例题】
He is interested in outdoor activities hiking,camping,and cycling.
A. such as B. for example
C. such D. example
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:他对徒步、野营和骑行等户外活动很感兴趣。such as用于列举 同类人或事物中的几个例子;for example后面接同类人或物的一个例子,且与前 后内容通常用逗号隔开。
【现学现练】
(1)She has a lot of good learning habits, ,she always take notes carefully in class.
A. such as B. however
C. therefore D. for example
【解析】句意:她有许多好的学习习惯,例如,她总是在课堂上认真记笔记。 such as意为“例如”,用于列举同类人或某事物的几个例子;however意为“然 而”;therefore意为“所以”;for example意为“例如”,后面接同类人或物的 一个例子,与前后内容用逗号隔开。
D
(2)The farm grows various kinds of crops wheat,corn,and cotton.
A. because of B. for example
C. such as D. instead of
【解析】句意:这个农场种植各种各样的农作物,如小麦、玉米和棉花。 because of 意为“因为”;for example意为“例如”,其后接同类人或物的一个 例子,且与前后内容用逗号隔开;such as意为“例如”,其后接同类人或物的几 个例子;instead of意为“代替,而不是”。
C
9. thanks to 幸亏,多亏
【课文再现】
Thanks to Tu’s contribution,more than 240 million people in Africa have benefited. 多亏了屠呦呦的贡献,非洲已经有2.4亿多人受益。
【归纳拓展】
thanks to幸亏,多亏;thanks for为……而感谢。如:
Thanks to the experience,I got the job.多亏这次经历,我得到了这份工作。
【典型例题】
the doctors’ careful treatment,the patient recovered quickly.
A. Thanks to B. Thanks for
C. Thanks D. Thank
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:多亏了医生们的精心治疗,病人快速恢复了。thanks to意为 “幸亏,多亏”;thanks for意为“因……而感谢”;thanks意为“谢谢”; thank意为“感谢”。
【现学现练】
(1) taking the time to explain the grammar rule to me clearly.
A. Thanks to B. Thanks for
C. Thank you D. Thanks
【解析】句意:感谢你花时间把语法规则给我解释清楚。thanks for意为 “因……而感谢”,符合句意。
(2) advanced technology,people can communicate with each other easily across the world.
A. Thank you B. Thanks for
C. Thanks to D. Thanks
B
C
【解析】句意:多亏了先进的科技,世界各地的人们可以很容易地进行相互交 流。thanks to意为“幸亏,多亏”,符合句意。
精 讲 三 句 型
10. They have contributed a lot to our country.他们已经为我们的国家贡献了很多。
【归纳拓展】
contribute to贡献;捐助,捐(款)给;有助于。其中,to是介词,后接名词、代 词或动名词。如:
I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world.我相信我们每个人都 能对世界的未来有所贡献。
contribute to=make a contribution/contributions to为……做贡献。
【典型例题】
Reducing the use of plastic products can contribute the protection of the ecological environment.
A. to B. of C. for D. at
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:减少塑料制品的使用有助于保护生态环境。contribute to 意为 “有助于”,其中,to是介词,其后接名词、代词或动名词。
【现学现练】
(1)The new teaching method contributes to students’ interest in English learning.
A. raise B. raising C. raised D. to raise
【解析】句意:新的教学方法有助于提高学生对英语学习的兴趣。contribute to 意为“有助于”,其中,to是介词,其后接名词、代词或动名词。
(2)Scientific research and innovation contributed the progress of human society.
A. in B. on C. for D. to
【解析】句意:科学研究与创新为人类社会的进步作出了贡献。contribute to在 此处译为“为……作出贡献”,符合题意。
B
D
11. By the way,are you still crazy about Li Na?顺便问一下,你还对李娜 狂热吗?
【归纳拓展】
be crazy about意为“对……狂热”,其相当于be keen on,意为“热 衷……”。如:
You have to be crazy about your work if you want to succeed.如果你想成功,你就得 很投入地工作。
【典型例题】
Jack is about basketball and he never misses any important matches of his favorite team.
A. crazy B. worried
C. strict D. interested
【答案】 A
【解析】 句意:杰克对篮球很痴迷,他从不错过最喜欢的球队的任何重要比 赛。be crazy about意为“对……痴迷/狂热”;be worried about意为“担 心……”;be strict about意为“对……要求严格”;be interested in意为 “对……感兴趣”。
【现学现练】
(1)My little brother is crazy cartoon films,and he watches them every weekend.
A. with B. of C. about D. at
【解析】句意:我的弟弟对卡通电影非常痴迷,他每个周末都会看。be crazy about 对……痴迷。
(2)Many teenagers are about online games,which often makes their parents worried.
A. proud B. crazy C. angry D. fond
C
B
【解析】句意:许多青少年对网络游戏痴迷,这经常使他们的父母感到担忧。 proud骄傲的,自豪的;crazy疯狂的,痴迷的;angry生气的;fond喜欢的,喜 爱的。
12. That’s why I admire your mother so much.那就是我为什么如此崇拜你的母亲。
【归纳拓展】
That’s why+结果,表示“那就是为什么……”;That’s because+原因,表示 “那就是因为……”。如:
That’s why he was late.那就是他为什么迟到了。
【典型例题】
It smells good and it’s beautiful. I picked it up.
A. That’s because B. Why
C. That’s why D. Which
【答案】 C
【解析】 句意:它闻起来很香,也很漂亮。那就是为什么我把它捡了起 来。A项意为“那是因为……”;B项意为“为什么”;C项意为“那就是 为什么……”;D项意为“哪一个”。根据句意可知,空后接的是结果,C 项符合题意。
【现学现练】
(1)He spent lots of time reading history books.That’s he knows a lot about world history.
A. as soon as B. because of
C. why D. because
【解析】句意:他花了很多时间阅读历史书籍。那就是为什么他对世界历史了解 很多。as soon as一……就……;because of因为;that’s why那就是为什么; that’s because那是因为……。空后为结果,应用that’s why...结构。
C
(2)It rained heavily last night. the ground is all wet now.
A. As soon as B. Because
C. That’s why D. That’s because
【解析】句意:昨晚雨下得很大。那就是为什么现在地面都是湿的。as soon as 一……就……;because因为;that’s why那就是为什么……;that’s because那就 是因为……。空后为结果,应用that’s why...结构。
C
13. His achievement has provided a solution to worldwide hunger.他的成就为解决全 世界的饥饿问题提供了一种方法。
【归纳拓展】
provide sb.with sth.意为“向某人提供某物”,相当于provide sth.to/for sb.,意为 “提供某物给某人”。如:
Our parents provide money and food for us.父母为我们提供钱和食物。
【典型例题】
This program young people with more job opportunities.
A. promotes B. provides
C. promises D. prepares
【答案】 B
【解析】 句意:这个项目为年轻人提供了更多的就业机会。promote促进,提 升;provide提供;promise承诺;prepare准备。
【现学现练】
(1)This app useful learning resources English learners.
A. gives;to B. offers;of
C. provides;for D. prepare;for
【解析】句意:这个应用程序为英语学习者提供了有用的学习资源。provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物。句子主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词要用第三人称 单数形式。
(2)My parents always me enough support when I’m in trouble.
A. provide;for B. provide;with
C. give;to D. give;with
C
B
【解析】句意:当我有困难的时候,我的父母总是提供给我足够的支持。 provide sb.with sth.为某人提供某物。
14. Because they made great efforts to solve global problems.因为他们为解决全球性 问题做出了巨大努力。
【归纳拓展】
make efforts/an effort to do sth.努力做某事。如:
Everybody should make an effort to reduce pollution.每个人都应该努力减少污染。
【典型例题】
Everyone should do what they love.
A. make efforts for B. make an effort at
C. make efforts in D. make an effort to
【答案】 D
【解析】 句意:每个人都应该为自己热爱的事情付出努力。make an effort to do sth.努力做某事。
【现学现练】
(1)All the students should make efforts their listening skills.
A. improve B. improves
C. improving D. to improve
【解析】句意:所有的学生应该努力提升他们的听力技能。make efforts to do sth.努力做某事。
(2)He made an effort lessons every night before the exam.
A. reviewing B. to review
C. reviews D. reviewed
【解析】句意:在考试之前,他每天晚上努力复习课程。made an effort to do sth.努力做某事。
B
B
语法聚焦
Now-predicate verbs as adverbial(非谓语动词作状语)
非谓语动词三种形式之中的动词不定式(to do)和分词(现在分词 , 过去分词)均可以在句中作状语。具体来说,动词不定式作状语多用于表示 目的,而分词作状语则可以用于表示时间、原因、方式、伴随情况、条件、 结果或让步等。
一、动词不定式作状语——表示目的
动词不定式作目的状语时,其动作发生在谓语动作之后,一般放在句子的后 面,也可以位于句首表示强调,有to do,so as to do,in order to do三种常见的形 式,但是so as to do不能用于句首。如:
He traveled around the world (so as/in order)to gather little-known facts about the disease.他走遍世界,收集有关这种疾病的鲜为人知的资料。
To/In order to pass the exam,he worked hard at his lessons.为了通过考试,他 刻苦读书。
二、分词作状语
分词作状语时,表示的动作是主语动作的一部分,与谓语所表示的动作或状 态几乎同时发生。有时先于谓语动作发生,一般要用逗号同其他句子隔开。如:
Defeated,they withdrew into the valley.他们被打败了,退回到山谷中。(分 词动作先于谓语动作发生)
He telephoned,saying that he wouldn’t come for supper.他打电话说他不来吃 晚饭了。(分词动作与谓语动作同时发生)
1. 分词作状语——表示时间。
分词作时间状语时,相当于when,while等引导的时间状语从句,这类状语通常 放在句子前半部分。如:
Hearing the news,they immediately set off for Shanghai.=When they heard the news,they immediately set off for Shanghai.听到这个消息,他们立即出发到上海 去了。
Seen from the tower,the south foot of Zijin Mountain is a sea of trees.=When it is seen from the tower,the south foot of Zijin Mountain is a sea of trees.从这座塔上远 眺,紫金山南麓是树的海洋。
2. 分词作状语——表示原因。
分词作原因状语时,相当于as,since,because等引导的从句,这类状语多放在句 子前半部分。如:
Being Sunday,the shops are overcrowded.=As it was Sunday,the shops are overcrowded.因为是星期天,商店里挤满了人。
3. 分词作状语——表示方式或伴随情况。
分词作方式或伴随情况状语时,不能用状语从句替换,但常可改写为并列成 分。如:
He walked down the hill,singing softly to himself.=He walked down the hill and sang softly to himself.他从小山上走下来,一路哼着曲儿。
He hurried to the hall,followed by two managers.=He hurried to the hall and was followed by two managers.他快步走向大厅,身后跟着两个经理。
4. 分词作状语——表示条件。
分词作条件状语时,相当于if,unless等引导的从句,这类状语要放在句子前半部 分。如:
Turning to the right,you will find a path leading to his cottage.=If you turn to the right,you will find a path leading to his cottage.向右转,你就可以找到一条通向他 的乡间别墅的小路。
Given another chance,I’ll do it much better.=If I am given another chance,I’ll do it much better.如果再给我一次机会,我会做得更好。
5. 分词作状语——表示结果。
分词作结果状语时,相当于so that等引导的从句,这类状语通常放在句子后半部 分。分词前面往往有副词thus或thereby,并有逗号同前面的句子隔开,常意为 “于是;所以;因而”等。这种分词的逻辑主语既可以是句子的主语,也可以是 前面的整个句子;逻辑主语若为前面的整个句子,其作用相当于一个非限制性定 语从句。如:
The output of steel increased by 15% last year,reaching 3,000,000 tons.钢产量去 年增长了15%,达到300万吨。(分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语The output of steel)
6. 分词作状语——表示让步。
分词作让步状语时,相当于although,even if等引导的从句。如:
Taking more care,I still made quite a few mistakes.=Although I took more care,I still made quite a few mistakes.尽管我多加小心,我还是犯了不少错误。
Wounded,the brave soldier continued to fight.=Although he was wounded,the brave soldier continued to fight.虽然受了伤,那名勇敢的士兵继续作战。
三、分词作状语时的注意事项
1. 分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致。换句话说,句子的 主语要么是分词表示的动作的执行者,即主动关系,此时应用现在分词形式;要 么是承受者,即被动关系,此时应用过去分词形式。如:
Looking out of the window,I saw lots of people on the street.望着窗外,我看见街 上有许多人。(主动关系,即I look out of the window)
Painted white,the house looks bigger.漆成白色后,这栋房子看起来更大了。(被 动关系,即the house is painted white)
2. 分词作状语时,有时前面可以用一个连词,相当于简化后的状语从句保 留了连词。常用的连词有when,while,after,before,if,unless,once, although等。如:
After taking the medicine,she felt better.=After she took the medicine,she felt better.吃过药后,她感到好些了。
Once deprived of oxygen,the brain dies.=Once it is deprived of oxygen,the brain dies.一旦缺氧,大脑就会死亡。
变式练习
单项选择题(从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意的最佳选项填在题 前括号里)
A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped
【解析】句意:这名女士尽她最大的努力帮助了很多贫困儿童。to help为不定式 作目的状语。
C
A. feel;to keep B. to feel;keep
C. feel;keep D. to feel;to keep
【解析】句意:雪让他们感到寒冷,因此他们想要生火来取暖。第一个空, make sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,make是使役动词,后面用省略to的动 词不定式作宾语补足语,故排除B、D两项。第二个空,生火的目的是取暖,应 用动词不定式作目的状语。
A
A. save B. to save C. saves D. saved
【解析】句意:世界自然基金会正在努力工作来拯救濒危动物。根据句意可知, 设空处应用动词不定式表目的。
A. Be B. Being C. To be D. Been
【解析】句意:汤姆再次上学迟到,受到了老师的惩罚。主语Tom和be late之间 是主动关系,因此要用现在分词作状语表原因。
B
B
A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. kept
【解析】句意:为了保持教室的清洁,我们应该轮流扫地。根据句意可知,此处 应用动词不定式表目的。
C
学以致用
一、单项选择题(从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意的最佳选项填 在题前括号里)
—Sorry,I can’t.I the piano.
A. practice B. can practice
C. practiced D. am practicing
【解析】句意:——让我们现在去购物吧。——对不起,我不能去。我正在练习 弹钢琴。由题干可知,后句表示“我”现在在弹钢琴,所以不能去购物。表示说 话时正在进行的动作,句子时态用现在进行时。
D
A. invite B. will invite
C. am invited D. will be invited
【解析】句意:——下周日你会去参加莉萨的乔迁聚会吗?——嗯,如果我收到 邀请,我会去的。if引导条件状语从句,句子时态遵循“主将从现”原则,此处 从句时态用一般现在时;主语I和动词invite之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动 语态;一般现在时的被动语态的基本结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”。
C
A. work B. to work C. working D. worked
【解析】句意:这个工厂的工人们过去被迫一天工作12个小时。make sb.do sth. 变为被动语态时,不定式符号to要还原,即sb.be made to do sth.。
A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked
【解析】句意:别说话了!老师来了。我们应该保持安静。stop to do sth.停下 来去做某事(停止正在做的事,去做另一件事);stop doing sth.停止做某事 (停止正在进行的活动或行为)。
B
C
A. Complete B. Completing
C. To complete D. Completed
【解析】句意:为了按时完成项目,我们本周需要加班。根据句意可知,此处应 用动词不定式表目的。
C
二、阅读理解(根据短文内容,从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个符合题意 的最佳选项填在题前括号里)
Yuan Longping was a great Chinese scientist.He was born in Beijing in 1930 and spent his whole life working on hybrid rice research.
In the 1960s,China had a big problem:There was not enough food for people to eat.At that time,traditional rice could not produce a lot of grain.Yuan Longping wanted to change this situation.He started to study hybrid rice,which was a new idea that many scientists thought could not be done.Hybrid rice is made by combining two different kinds of rice.It has many good points that can help solve the food problem.
After years of hard work,Yuan and his team finally developed the first high- yield hybrid rice in 1973.This rice could produce much more grain than traditional rice.Soon,hybrid rice was grown all over China,and the country’s rice production went up quickly.Later,this rice was also introduced to more than 30 countries like India and Vietnam,helping people there have enough food too.
Yuan Longping was not only a great scientist but also a very down-to-earth person.Even when he was over 80 years old,he still liked to work in the rice fields.He once said,“My life goal is to help people have enough to eat.” He really put this goal into practice.
Yuan Longping passed away in 2021,but people all over the world will never forget him.He is called the“Father of Hybrid Rice”,and has received many awards for his great work.His story encourages everyone to work hard for the happiness of people.
A. Selling rice all over the world. B. Researching hybrid rice.
C. Teaching students in a university. D. Making new farming tools.
【解析】根据第一段第二句“He was born in Beijing in 1930 and spent his whole life working on hybrid rice research.”可知,袁隆平把他的一生奉献给了杂交水 稻的研究。
B
A. Because hybrid rice was very popular.
B. Because he wanted to get many awards.
C. Because China had serious food shortages in the 1960s.
D. Because he was interested in beautiful rice fields.
【解析】根据第二段中“In the 1960s,China had a big problem:There was not enough food for people to eat.At that time,traditional rice could not produce a lot of grain.Yuan Longping wanted to change this situation.He started to study hybrid rice...”可知,在20世纪60年代,中国面临着严重的食物短缺问题,所 以袁隆平开始研究杂交水稻。
C
A. In 1930. B. In 1960.
C. In 1973. D. In 2021.
【解析】根据第三段第一句“After years of hard work,Yuan and his team finally developed the first high-yield hybrid rice in 1973.”可知,在1973年,袁 隆平和他的团队培育出了第一株杂交水稻。
C
A. He never worked in the rice fields.
B. His life goal was to help people have enough food.
C. He was born in India.
D. He thought hybrid rice research was easy.
【解析】 根据第四段第三句“He once said,‘My life goal is to help people have enough to eat.’”可知,他的人生目标是帮助人们吃饱饭。
B
A. Culture. B. Person.
C. Technology. D. Fashion.
【解析】阅读全文可知,本文主要介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的生平事迹, 因此,我们最有可能在杂志的“人物”部分读到此文。
B