上海市普陀区上海市曹杨第二中学2025-2026学年高一年级3月阶段评估英语试卷（含解析，无听力原文及音频）

高一年级 3 月阶段评估英语试卷
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two
speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what
was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. He drinks a lot of water during the day.
B. He doesn’t usually drink this much water.
C. He has never been so thirsty.
D. He likes soft drinks more than water.
2. A. He goes fishing sometimes. B. He went fishing once.
C. He had to quit fishing. D. He has other hobbies now.
3. A. Choose the type of wash, press the red light and insert $1.50.
B. Choose the type of wash, press the green button and insert $1.50.
C. Press the green button, insert $1.50 and press START.
D. Press start button, choose type of wash and insert $1.50.
4. A. He has left the lecture. B. He has used his last piece of paper.
C. He said good-bye to the woman.
D. He has finished giving the lecture.
5. A. He is a member of computer information club.
B. He doesn’t want to forget what he just learned.
C. He is organizing the information by number.
D. He is leaving with his notes.
6. A. She enjoys summer the most. B. She’s too busy to go traveling.
C. She gets bored staying home too long. D. She doesn’t like traveling.
7. A. She passed the spoken examination. B. She took the oral examination.
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C. She gave them an oral examination. D. She knows she had an oral test.
8. A. Go to a law office. B. Find a job. C. See a real lawyer. D. Ask the man to hire her.
9. A. He used the wrong bus schedule. B. He’s going to get a bus schedule.
C. He likes to ride the bus. D. He missed the bus.
10. A. A teacher. B. A shop assistant. C. The girl’s classmate. D. A repairman.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer
conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the
questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four
possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. He regards it as an ideal job and is afraid of losing it.
B. He likes this job and does it professionally.
C. It is a job looked down upon by other people.
D. It is not his dream job when he spends much time waiting.
12.A. Check fuel, water and brakes. B. Check oil, brakes and tyres.
C. Check the water levels, brakes and lights. D. Check the safety and clean the car.
13. A. He is well - organized with good driving skills and politeness.
B. He is waiting patiently outside, opening the door for passengers and making the car safe.
C. He neither eats snacks, nor watches television in the car.
D. He shouldn’t get angry and should always keep calm.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14.A. A science museum. B. An electronics museum.
C. A film - making museum. D. An industry museum.
15. A. Walking on the Moon. B. Watching dangerous animals closely.
C. Searching for wild animals. D. Seeing cartoon films.
16.A. Children. B. Old people.
C. All ages. D. Small children and their grandparents.
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Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17.A. In the classroom. B. In the woman’s office. C. At the testing centre. D. On the phone.
18. A. He asks for leave to go back home. B. He wants to say sorry to her.
C. He suggests she change her exam schedule. D. He asks her to do a special favor for him. 19. A. He lives too far away to get home for Thanksgiving and Easter.
B. He has made a mistake in his final test.
C. He would miss his exam at the end of the semester.
D. He can’t go home for Christmas.
20. A. She allows the man to take the exam on Tuesday. B. She makes the man buy a Thursday ticket.
C. She forgives the man’s mistake. D. She refuses the man’s request.
聂. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1 ．The thought of going back home was kept him happy while he was working abroad.
A ．that B ．all that C ．all what D ．which
2 ．It was midnight the weary travelers finally arrived at the deserted inn, where they could seek refuge from the biting cold.
A ．that B ．when C ．until D ．since
3 ． by his colleagues as a “distinguished teacher” has supported the notion that he is doing a good job.
A ．Elected B ．Electing C ．Being elected D ．Having elected
4 ．The engine just won’t start. Something seems wrong with it.
A ．to go B ．to have gone
C ．going D ．having gone
5 ．Having no money but to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.
A ．not to want anyone B ．not wanting anyone
C ．wanted no one D ．to want no one
6 ．Children nowadays tend to be so rebellious that parents often feel at a loss about what
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from them.
A ．expected B ．to expect C ．to have expected D ．expecting
7 ．The decision , what is to be done now is how to carry it out.
A ．was made B ．has been made C ．having been made D ．having been making 8 ．Of the 200 drivers since the beginning of the year, 10% were found in
knowledge about traffic rules.
A ．to have been tested; lack
B ．having been tested; to lack
C ．tested, lacking
D ．tested, lacked
9 ．The world population several times since 1805, the result of is a series of profound changes in global resources, environment and social development.
A．multiplied... it B．has multiplied... that
C ．has been multiplying... which D ．has multiplied... which
10 ．It was the invention of agriculture enabled humans to settle down, them
the trouble of moving from place to place for food.
A ．that... saving B ．which... saved C ．that … saved D ．which … saving
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks use one word that best fits.
Population Forecasts: UN vs IHME on Fertility and Decline
Fertility (生育能力) is falling, people are aging, and by the end of the century humans
11 (decrease) in number on almost every continent, according to a recent study
12 (publish) in the journal Lancet. Far from an overpopulation crisis, demographers (人口学家) are asking where the next generations of young people will come from.
The study from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) projects the number of people on the planet will peak just four decades from now, at 9.7 billion, 13 falling to 8.8 billion by the end of the century.
In 80 years, countries like Spain and Japan would halve in size. China would shrink by
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almost as much, leaving India and Nigeria as the world’s 14 (populated) countries. Only in 12 countries, including Somalia and South Sudan, would there be enough babies to keep
populations stable. The rest would be aging. And if the world meets targets for universal education — the positive driving force behind falling fertility — there would be 1.5 billion people fewer in
2100 than there are today.
Women are having fewer children globally because more girls go to school and more
women know about how to keep away from getting pregnant. 15 demographers disagree on how far — and how fast — fertility will continue to fall.
While the IHME projects the world’s population will start shrinking by 2064, the United Nations expects it to continue growing throughout the century. The difference in population
16 the two estimates is about 2 billion people by 2100 — and the uncertainties are so great that both research groups accept the possibility of the opposite trend.
One reason for the difference is that the UN, unlike the IHME, predicts that fertility rates will rebound (反弹) as countries grow richer.
Surveys show that women across Europe and North America have fewer children than they would like 17 barriers like expensive childcare, job pressures and men not taking on a
fair share of housework. By reducing the size of some of these obstacles, countries like Germany have seen their fertility rate rise
“The UN projections embody (体现) an optimism 18 the long history of human
progress will continue,” said Sara Hertog, a demographer at the UN, 19 (add) that
changing fertility rates are, in themselves, neither good news nor bad news. “I hope the level of
fertility reflects the number of children people want to have, 20 is a sign of advancement to some extent.”
Section C
Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words and phrases in the box. Each can only be used once. Note that there is one more than you need.
A. alarm B. exchange C. diverse D. challenging E. significance F. influential G. chained H. extinction I. predictable J. covered K. admission
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21 ．The martial arts show Wu BOT, where humanoid robots performed alongside young athletes, perfectly demonstrates the of integrating traditional Chinese culture with cutting-edge
technology in the new era.
22 ．Linguistic is a serious loss for all of humankind since languages are some of the primary ways people maintain their culture and are crucial to understanding other cultures.
23 ．Free trade removes certain limits imposed on worldwide commerce to make it easier for nations to goods with one another.
24．Psychologists who have been studying the factors that contribute to happiness find that it is not whether a person in an apparently ideal situation is necessarily happy.
25．Movies serve as our most history teachers, reaching and shaping audience’s views in a way that the professional historian cannot even dream of.
26 ．After checking my condition thoroughly, the doctor said gently that there was no cause for immediate .
27 ．The exhibition is open to the public and can be viewed over the next couple of weeks during normal opening hours for free .
28 ．Young people should not be to outdated ideas but should embrace new thinking and keep pace with social progress.
29 ．The fund established by the local government last year most of the high medical
expenses of the poor patients who were seriously ill and unable to work to support their families.
30 ．To keep traditional culture alive, we need to create a(n) variety of new forms and contents so that ancient civilization can keep pace with the times and win the love of young
people.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or
phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
How many people can speak English Some experts estimate that 1.5 billion
people—around one-quarter of the world’s population—can communicate reasonably well in
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English.
Never in recorded history has a language been as spoken as English is today. The
reason why millions are learning it is simple: it is the language of international business and , the key to prosperity. It is not just that multinational companies conduct their business in English; it is the language in which Germans speak to Indonesians.
David Graddol, the author of English Next, says it is tempting to view the story of English simply as a victory for is native speakers in North America, Britain and Ireland, and
Australia—but that would be a . Global English has entered a more complex stage, changing in ways that the English-speaking countries cannot control and might .
An important question one might ask is: whose English will it be in the future Non-native speakers now ____ native English speakers by three to one. The majority of ____ in English today take place between non-native speakers. According to David Graddol, many business meetings
held in English appear to run more when there are no native English speakers present. This is because native speakers are often at ensuring that they are understood in international
discussions. They tend to think they need to avoid longer Latin-based words, but in fact problems are more often caused by their use of idioms, metaphors, and phrasal verbs. On one occasion, at an international student conference in Amsterdan, conducted in English, the only British representative was asked to be “less ” so that the others could understand her.
Professor Barbara Seidlhofer, Professor of English at the University of Vienna, records
spoken English between speakers of the language around the world. She says her team has noticed that non-native speakers are standard English grammar in several ways. Even the most experienced speakers sometimes omit the “s” in the third person singular. Many omit
definite and indefinite articles where they are in standard English, or put them in where
standard English does not use them. Nouns that are not plural in native-speaker English are used as plurals by non-native speakers (e.g., “informations”, “knowledges”, “advices” ). Other
variations include “make a discussion”, “discuss about something”, or “phone to somebody”.
Many native English speakers will insist that these are not variations, they are mistakes.
“Knowledges” and “phone to somebody” are simply . Many non-native speakers who teach English around the world would agree. But language changes, and so do ideas of grammatical
.
____
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31 ．A ．well B ．widely C ．fully D ．regularly
32 ．A ．besides B ．therefore C ．otherwise D ．however
33 ．A ．mistake B ．success C ．challenge D ．competition
34 ．A ．forget B ．undergo C．justify D ．dislike
35 ．A ．understand B ．envy C ．outnumber D ．overload
36 ．A ．encounters B ．instructions C ．negotiation. D ．treatments
37 ．A ．roughly B ．slowly C ．swiftly D ．smoothly
38 ．A ．poor B ．angry C ．clever D ．skillful
39 ．A ．equipment B ．economy C ．comprehension D ．culture
40 ．A ．visible B ．considerate C ．English D ．foreign
41 ．A ．grammar B ．interaction C ．courses D ．vocabulary
42 ．A ．studying B ．explaining C ．checking D ．varying
43 ．A ．required B ．deleted C．judged D ．stressed
44 ．A ．harmful B ．impolite C ．wrong D ．illogical
45 ．A ．phenomenon B ．research C ．structure D ．correctness
Section B
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
The bus screamed to a stop in Nazareth, Israel. Five Australian backpackers boarded and
struck up a conversation with me. They asked typical travelers’ questions—where was I going and why was I traveling alone My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn’t pick up and I had no other way to reach her. My stomach was in knots, but I decided to head out anyway, thinking I might run into her if I traveled to Tiberius, where we had planned to go together.
“Why don’t you travel with us ” one of the backpackers offered. They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could. Their
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current plan was to explore the Middle East and Europe in three months while working in London.
It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes. For the next two weeks, I explored Israel with the backpackers and learned to trust my instincts in all types of new and
interesting situations. When they hook a ride, I took the bus, but when they wanted to steal into
the King David Hotel’s swimming pool, I led the way. The world opened up to me because I
chose to travel alone. I joined complete strangers, who become close friends. Years later, one
couple from the backpacking group even flew from Sydney to Phoenix to be in my wedding. The trip was such a special experience that it gave me confidence in all areas of my life. Since then,
I’ve backpacked alone across South Africa, sky-dived from 12,000 feet in New Zealand and even moved across the U.S. with no job lined up.
On my third day wandering in Israel with my new friends, I bumped into the woman I was supposed to meet. Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phone.
46 ．By “My stomach was in knots” (in paragraph 1), the author most likely means that she was
.
______
A ．sick of riding on a bumpy bus B ．nervous of meeting strangers
C ．upset about the sudden change D ．sorry about the impractical plan
47 ．Which of the following best describes the backpackers the author met
A ．Courageous but disrespectful. B ．Jobless and poorly educated.
C ．Warmhearted and trustworthy. D ．Homeless but lighthearted.
48 ．The author’s sixth sense told her that .
A ．she would get along with the backpackers B ．it might cause trouble to have a swim
C ．she ought to stay away from the backpackers D ．it could add excitement to get a free ride
49 ．What can be inferred from the passage
A ．Most of the backpackers became the author’s lifelong friends.
B ．The author gathered the courage to be a fulltime backpack traveler.
C ．The woman missed the phone call with the purpose of traveling alone.
D ．The author considered it the best decision of her life to travel on her own.
(B)
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Do you want to open a shop in London First: you must be aware that, as of today, running a local independent shop is anything but simple. Second: you must know which is the most
responsive area of the city for what concerns your specific business. Or as an alternative, you must gain full knowledge of which areas have proved to be super high-paying basically for any kind of business.
As for London, everybody knows that it is one of the world capitals of trading and
commerce. The enormous number of residents, combined with the continuous inflow of tourists, makes it a highly wanted city for every kind of commercial activity.
Clearly, everyone — whether he/she is a British citizen or a foreigner investor — who
wants to start a business in London must detect first the most profitable areas. And the four most appealing ones are listed below.
Covent Garden
Opening a commercial space in Covent Garden, or in the West End in general, is always a winning idea. This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. A band of musicians that never cease to attract both clients and new investors.
Carnaby
For over sixty years, Carnaby Street and the other surrounding secondary roads have
represented an authentic oasis or paradise for those who want to go shopping in London. First, the Swinging London vibe, then the punk rock revolution: everything — especially in terms of
fashion — has been created or passed through there. And even in the Third Millennium, it remains a landmark for everything related to fashion and new trends.
Mayfair
Are you planning to open a luxury shop Then Mayfair is undoubtedly your spot. Renting a place here is highly expensive, but it’s a risk worth taking. If you play your cards wisely, profits
will not be long in coming. The only question is: have you got enough funds to start a business in such an expensive area
Bond Street
Another luxury area with a gathering of many established high-end brands, maybe the most complicated one. It is recommended only to those investors who aim to start a real first-rate
business. Many small entrepreneurs or businessmen work a lifetime in order to gain the privilege
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or the great advantage of upgrading their business in this area.
50 ．This article is intended for .
A ．British citizens who want to buy luxury goods
B ．visitors looking for recreational activities in Britain
C ．investors interested in starting a business in London
D ．foreigners participating in commercial activities in London
51 ．According to the article, if you are planning to do business in London, which factor is worth considering the most
A ．London appeals to high-paying investors from all over the world.
B ．London is the most promising center for trading, commerce and fashion.
C ．London is where many landmark buildings and every kind of business lies.
D ．London boasts ongoing floods of tourists and enormous potential consumers.
52 ．If you get enough funds and fancy opening a luxury shop, which is the last area to choose
A ．Bond Street. B ．Carnaby.
C ．Mayfair. D ．Convent Garden.
(C)
The thing about space is that it’s huge — terrifyingly, impossibly huge. It took three days for the Apollo missions to get to the moon. It takes between five months and a year to get to Mars and around five years to get to Jupiter. Of course, that’s still in our neighborhood. The nearest star outside the Solar System is Proxima Centauri (比邻星), which would take the Voyager spacecraft 80,000 years to get to.
We’re not really built for space travel. We don’t live very long, relatively speaking. Our muscles and skeleton need gravity. We need oxygen, warmth, water and food, but space doesn’t have any of these. We’re also not good with high doses of radiation. In other words, space
exploration is an incredibly dangerous venture.
When I was a kid, exploring space was a big deal. The last Apollo mission to the moon was in 1972, but I was way too young to know anything about it. The first space mission I actually
remember was Viking II, which landed on Mars. Honestly, I was expecting it to find alien life. Not intelligent life, maybe, but life. Tiny Martian (火星的) lizards or something. Of course,
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there’s no water on Mars, so there were no tiny Martian lizards or anything else.
Back then I knew with absolute certainty that we were not alone in the universe. It was only a matter of time before we’d pick up radio signals from an alien civilization. I figured that one day in the not-too-distant future, those aliens would land and we’d finally get to know our intergalactic neighbors.
And when the Space Shuttle program was first announced, I was convinced that the future was on its way. We were reaching outward. Humans were going to explore the universe, meet
aliens, live on other worlds, and have adventures. And it was all going to happen in my lifetime.
Of course, none of that has happened. There have been lots of incredible missions including Voyager I and II, New Horizons, and Cassini. None of these missions have involved astronauts,
and the future that a lot ofus had stamped into our imaginations hasn’t happened.
But we need to go on exploring. Exploration, knowledge, wonder, imagination — these are the best of what it means to be human. Let’s boldly go already. The next giant leap doesn’t have to be Mars. It would be mind-bogglingly cool to find microbial (微生物的) life somewhere in outer space.
On January 28, 1986, I sat in the cafeteria of my Catholic Memorial High School and
watched the Space Shuttle Challenger take off. The teachers at my school had set up TVs so that we could get inspired. Instead, we all watched in horror as the space shuttle blew up again and
again and again. Seven astronauts died. Not one of us thought that we should cancel the Space Shuttle program or cut NASA’s budget. If anything, we wanted more. We still do.
53 ．The first two paragraphs mainly talk about .
A ．the difficulties of space travel B ．the main characteristics of space
C ．the limitations of the human body D ．the location of Earth in the universe
54．According to the article, what did the author expect space exploration to produce when he was a kid
①evidence of alien life ②adventures in outer space
③knowledge about the origin of life ④communication with alien civilization
A ．①②③ B ．①②④ C ．①③④ D ．②③④
55 ．According to the author, why do we need to continue the cause of space exploration
A ．Because it involves the best things that make us human.
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B ．Because it is a worthwhile investment with huge profits.
C ．Because we’re still in the primary stage of learning about space.
D ．Because no major progress has been made in space exploration for decades.
56 ．What message does the author intend to convey through the last paragraph
A ．Mankind’sjourney to space is a long and roundabout one.
B ．No difficulties should stop us from exploring the universe.
C ．We need to encourage more students to explore the unknown.
D ．More efforts should be made to ensure the safety of astronauts.
(D)
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a
colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you
might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying
assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia,
which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like
their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of“goods and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s
study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food.
Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.
However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly
different.
In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the
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chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.
The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social
emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes
these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
57 ．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by .
A ．making a conclusion B．justifying an assumption
C ．explaining a phenomenon D ．making a comparison
58 ．The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that .
A ．monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals
B ．feeling angry about unfairness is also monkeys’ nature
C ．monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other
D ．no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions
59 ．Dr. Brosnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys
.
_________
A ．prefer grapes to cucumbers
B ．can be taught to exchange things
C ．will not be co-operation if feeling cheated
D ．are unhappy when separated from others
60 ．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A ．Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
B ．Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
C ．Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
D ．Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
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(E)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two
more sentences than you need.
Age Reversal Technology
Our life spans (时间段) used to be relatively short 61 Within the next 150 years, this was raised by medical advances. And fast forward to 2020 and global life expectancy is 72.6 years — higher than that in any country in 1950.
As people live longer, population aging becomes a greater economic problem. It has both
placed a burden on public health spending and decreased productivity of workforce. And aging is the fundamental driver behind many diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, to name just a few.
One expert in population aging at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Halldór
Stefánsson, explains that some serious diseases related to aging — that very few people lived long enough to experience in the past — have replaced infectious diseases as the main cause of death.
62
The amazing news is that age reversal technology will soon be a reality. On the bright side, the process of reversing aging is already possible for cells in scientific experiments. 63 In the foreseeable future, we will be able to enjoy a longer life as well. The goal is to preventively target aging — the major risk factor for a wide variety of diseases and disabilities — instead of
treating one disease at a time, which is very costly. One future model projected an increase in NHS expense of 42 million year-on-year until 2031 due to the aging population.
64 That means the technology will restore our vitality and bodily function by removing the damage inevitably caused by the processes of life.
A ．And science has moved on to extend life spans of some animals, though not yet of humans.
B ．Human aging timeline is also driven by other factors.
C ．In the 1800s, life expectancy across the world was less than 40 years of age.
D ．So, the question on all our mind is — can science stop aging
E ．Initially restricted to developed countries, population aging has also become a trend in the developing world.
F．Age reversal technology will also increase health span — the length of time during which one is
试卷第 15 页，共 17 页
healthy.
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
65 ．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea of each paragraph in one
complete sentence.
English in the third millennium
85. Two thousand years ago English did not exist. A thousand years ago it was a language used by less than two million people. Now it is the most influential language in the world, spoken by more than a billion people on the planet, as their first, second or third language. English currently
dominates science, business, the mass media and popular culture. For example, 80% of emails on the Internet are in English and nearly all international academic papers are published in English.
86. Where will English be at the end of the third millennium One view is that English is going to become even more important as a global language, dominating the world’s trade and media while most other languages will become localized or just die out. At present, over half the world’s
languages are in danger of extinction. Another view is that English is already breaking up, as Latin did, into several languages. There are already dictionaries of the “New Englishes”, such as
Australian English, full of words that a British English speaker would not recognize.
87. Hopefully, neither of these things will happen. Although different varieties of English will
continue to develop around the world, standard English will survive for international
communication. In addition, the frightening prospect of a culturally uniform world totally
dominated by one language is impossible. Already, other languages are fighting back against the iron grip of English on the Net. Governments around the world are also starting to protect smaller languages and recognize the importance of cultural and linguistic diversity. English will probably stay in control for a long time, at least while the USA remains the top superpower, but it definitely won’t become the only language in the world.
Ⅴ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given
试卷第 16 页，共 17 页
in the brackets.
66 ．得益于全球化，我们能买到世界各地的商品。（access n. ）(汉译英)
67 ．几乎没有什么能媲美在春节中阖家团圆的幸福。（compare）(汉译英)
68 ．尽管我们已经尽力了，但结果很大程度上取决于运气和时机。(extent) (汉译英)
69 ．本次比赛的运动员，年龄从 20 岁到 35 岁不等，都渴望夺冠。(range)(汉译英)
70．生活在没有文化差异的世界是令人沮丧的，因此我们应该颂扬的不是人类的相似性而是多样性。（not but ）(汉译英)
试卷第 17 页，共 17 页
1 ．B
【详解】考查关系代词。句意：一想到回国就让他在国外工作时很开心。分析句子可知，all为本句的表语，而后面的 kept him happy 是修饰 all 的定语从句，修饰先行词 all ，关系代词只能用 that 。故选 B 项。
2 ．B
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当疲惫的旅行者终于到达那间空无一人的旅店时，已经是半夜了，他们可以在那里躲避刺骨的寒冷。根据“It was midnight”和“the weary travelers finally arrived at the deserted inn”可知，此处是指当疲惫的旅行者终于到达那间空无一人的旅店时，所以应用连词 when 表示“ 当 时” 引导时间状语从句。until 意为“直到” ，since 意为“ 自
从” 。故选 B。
3 ．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他被同事们选为“杰出教师”这一称号，这进一步证明了他工作做得非常出色。本句已有谓语动词“has supported” ，所以空处需填非谓语动词，空处作主语，用动名词，且此处表示“被选为”，用 elect 的动名词的被动式 being elected，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选 C。
4 ．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：引擎就是发动不起来，好像出了什么问题。seem 之后常接不定式，表示“似乎怎么样了”，不接 doing；出问题是发生在 seem 之前，所以要用不定式的完成式。
5 ．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没有钱，但又不想让人知道，他只是说他要走了，不吃晚饭了。分析句子可知，but 表示转折，空格处 want 与 have 是并列关系在句子中作原因状语，和主语 he之间是逻辑上的主动关系，wanting 与 having 要形式对等，否定词放在现在分词 之前。故选 B 项。
6 ．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在的孩子往往都很叛逆，以致于他们的父母感觉不知对他们期望些什么了。此处考查 expect sth from sb，意为“期望某人做某事”，“疑问词+不定式”作 about 的宾语，设空处应用 to expect 。故选 B 项。
7 ．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：决定已经做出，现在要做的是如何执行它。句子的主干是
答案第 1 页，共 16 页
“what is to be done now is how to carry it out”，前面的“The decision ”是一个独立主格结构，用来补充说明主句动作发生的背景（即“决定已经做出”），本空用非谓语动词。独立主格结构的逻辑主语“The decision (决定)”与“make (做出)”之间是被动关系 (决定被做出)，用
被动形式；“make the decision (做出决定)”这个动作发生在“carry it out (执行决定)”之前，用完成时态，表示动作的先后顺序。综上，用现在分词的完成被动式 having been made，既体现被动关系，又体现动作的先后顺序。故选 C 项。
8 ．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词/形容词。句意：自今年年初以来，在接受测试的 200 名司机中，
有 10%被发现缺乏交通法规的知识。第一空处，动词 test 与逻辑主语 the 200 drivers 为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语；第二空考查主语的补足语，lack 的形容词为 lacking，
常用短语 lacking in，意为“缺乏”，后接名词短语 knowledge about traffic rules，故选 C 项。
9 ．D
【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句意：自 1805 年以来，世界人口已经增长了好几倍，其结果是全球资源、环境和社会发展发生了一系列深刻变化。第一个空格处是谓语动词，时间状语 since 1805 是现在完成时的标志词，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态； 主语 population 与谓语动词 multiply 之间是主动关系，因此用现在完成时的主动形式 has multiplied；the result of is a series of profound changes 是一个非限制性定语从句，用来补充说明前面整个句子的结果；关系词指代前面整个句子的内容，且作介词 of 的宾语，只能用 which，不能用 that；it 不能引导定语从句。故选 D 项。
10 ．A
【详解】考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意： 正是农业的发明使人类得以定居下来，免去了为寻找食物而四处迁徙的麻烦。去掉 It was和第一个空格后句子成分完整，the invention of agriculture 为句子的主语部分，所以此处为强调句型，即“it be+被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分”。动词 save 意为“使免受” ，和主句构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故选A。
11 ．will be decreasing 12 ．published 13 ．before 14 ．most populous 15 ．But
16 ．between 17 ．because of 18 ．that 19 ．adding 20 ．which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《柳叶刀》刊登的人口研究， 对比了 IHME 与联合国对全球生育率、人口峰值及未来变化的不同预测，并分析了差异原因。
答案第 2 页，共 16 页
11．考查动词时态。句意：根据最近发表在《柳叶刀》期刊上的一项研究，生育能力正在下降，人口正在老龄化，到本世纪末，几乎每个大洲的人口数量都将减少。此空考查谓语动词，主语 humans 与 decrease 为主动关系，by the end of the century 为将来时间，再由语境可知，这里应用将来进行时表示将来某段时间的状态。故填 will be decreasing。
12．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最近发表在《柳叶刀》期刊上的一项研究，生育能力正在下降，人口正在老龄化，到本世纪末，几乎每个大洲的人口数量都将减少。此空考查非谓语， study 与 publish 为被动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用过去分词作后置定语。故填
published。
13 ．考查介词。句意：健康指标与评估研究所（IHME）的这项研究预测，全球人口将在 40年后达到峰值——97 亿，随后开始下降，到本世纪末降至 88 亿。分析句子结构可知，此处表示“下降之前达到 97 亿” ，应用介词 before 。故填 before。
14 ．考查形容词最高级。句意：80 年后，西班牙、 日本等国的人口将减半。中国人口也将近乎同等幅度地缩减，印度和尼日利亚将成为世界上人口最多的国家。由语境可知，这里表示“人口最多的” ，应用最高级。故填 most populous。
15．考查连词。句意：全球女性生育的孩子越来越少，原因是更多女孩接受教育，且更多女性了解如何避孕。但人口统计学家对于生育率还会下降多少、下降多快存在分歧。分析句子结构可知，前后两句为转折关系，应用连词 but ，且位于句首，首字母应大写。故填 But。
16．考查介词。句意：到 2100 年，两种预测结果之间的人口差异约为 20 亿，而且不确定性极大，两个研究团队都认可出现相反趋势的可能性。由语境可知，表示两者之间，应用介词between 。故填 between。
17 ．考查介词短语。句意：调查显示，欧洲和北美的女性生育的孩子数量少于她们想要的，原因是昂贵的育儿成本、工作压力以及男性不承担公平份额的家务等阻碍。由语境可知，这里表示原因，后跟名词短语，应用介词短语 because of“因为” 。故填 because of。
18 ．考查同位语从句。句意：联合国人口统计学家萨拉 赫托格表示：“联合国的预测体现出一种乐观态度，即人类漫长的进步历程将延续下去。”他补充说，生育率的变化本身既非好消息，也非坏消息。分析句子结构可知，这里考查同位语从句，从句解释说明 optimism，从句句意完整且不缺成分，应用 that 引导。故填 that。
19 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：联合国人口统计学家萨拉 赫托格表示：“联合国的预测体现出一种乐观态度，即人类漫长的进步历程将延续下去。”他补充说，生育率的变化本身既非
答案第 3 页，共 16 页
好消息，也非坏消息。此空考查非谓语，主语 Sara Hertog 与add 为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填 adding。
20．考查定语从句。句意：我希望生育水平能反映出人们想要的孩子数量，这在某种程度上是社会进步的标志。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 引导。故填 which。
21 ．E 22 ．H 23 ．B 24 ．I 25 ．F 26 ．A 27 ．K 28 ．G 29 ．J
30 ．C
【解析】21 ．考查名词。句意：武术表演《武魄》，人形机器人与年轻运动员同台表演，完美展现了新时代中国传统文化与尖端科技融合的意义。根据“of integrating traditional Chinese culture with cutting-edge technology in the new era”可知，此处指新时代中国传统文化与尖端科技融合的意义，名词 significance“意义”符合题意，在句中作宾语。故选 E。
22．考查名词。句意：语言灭绝是全人类的严重损失，因为语言是人们保持文化的主要方式之一，对理解其他文化至关重要。根据“a serious loss for all of humankind”可知，此处指语言灭绝，名词 extinction“灭绝”符合题意，在句中作主语。故选 H。
23．考查动词。句意：自由贸易消除了对世界贸易的某些限制，使各国更容易相互交换商品。根据“Free trade removes certain limits imposed on worldwide commerce”可知，此处指使各国更容易相互交换商品，动词 exchange“交换”符合题意，不定式符号 to 后接动词原形。故选 B。
24．考查形容词。句意：研究幸福因素的心理学家发现，处于理想环境中的人是否一定幸福是不可预测的。根据“whether a person in an apparently ideal situation is necessarily happy”可知，此处指处于理想环境中的人是否一定幸福是不可预测的，形容词 predictable“可预测的”符合题意，作表语。故选 I。
25．考查形容词。句意：电影是我们最有影响力的历史老师，以专业历史学家无法想象的方式影响和塑造观众的观点。根据“reaching and shaping audience’s views in a way that the
professional historian cannot even dream of”可知，此处指电影是我们最有影响力的历史老师，形容词 influential“有影响力的”符合题意，作定语。故选 F。
26．考查名词。句意：医生仔细检查了我的身体状况后，温和地说没有立即引起恐慌的理由。根据“After checking my condition thoroughly”可知，此处指没有立即引起恐慌的理由，名词 alarm“恐慌”符合题意，作介词 for 的宾语。故选 A。
27．考查名词。句意：展览向公众开放，在接下来的几周内可以在正常开放时间内免费入场
答案第 4 页，共 16 页
观看。根据“The exhibition is open to the public”可知，此处指可以免费入场观看，名词admission“入场”符合题意，作介词 for 的宾语。故选 K。
28．考查动词。句意： 年轻人不应该被陈旧的思想束缚，而应该接受新的思想，跟上社会进步的步伐。根据“but should embrace new thinking and keep pace with social progress”可知，此处指不应该被陈旧的思想束缚，动词 chain“束缚”符合题意，与主语构成被动关系，空前有be 动词，所以此处用过去分词表被动。故选 G。
29．考查动词。句意： 当地政府去年设立的基金覆盖了大部分重病且无法工作养家糊口的贫困患者的高额医疗费用。根据“most of the high medical expenses”可知，此处指覆盖了大部分高额医疗费用，动词 cover“覆盖”符合题意，在句中作谓语，根据 last year 可知，句子是一般过去时，该动词用过去式。故选 J。
30．考查形容词。句意： 要让传统文化活起来，就要创造形式和内容丰富多样的新形式，让古老文明与时俱进，赢得年轻人的喜爱。根据“variety of new forms and contents”可知，此处指形式和内容丰富多样的新形式，形容词 diverse“多样的”符合题意，作定语。故选 C。
31 ．B 32 ．B 33 ．A 34 ．D 35 ．C 36 ．A 37 ．D 38 ．A
39 ．C 40 ．C 41 ．B 42 ．D 43 ．A 44 ．C 45 ．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。随着越来越多的非英语母语人士使用英语，全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段，以英语国家无法控制甚至可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化，非母语的人在多个方面错误地使用英语语法，但是既然语言在改变，语法正确性的概念也可能会改变。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在有记录的历史上，从来没有一种语言像今天的英语这样被广泛使用。A. well 好；B. widely 广泛地；C. fully 充分地；D. regularly 定期地。根据第一段“Some experts estimate that 1.5 billion people—around one-quarter of the world’s
population—can communicate reasonably well in English. (一些专家估计，有 15 亿人，大约占世界人口的四分之一，可以相当好地用英语进行交流)”可知，英语被广泛（widely）使用。故选 B 项。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：数百万人学习英语的原因很简单：英语是国际商业语言，因此也是走向繁荣的关键。A. besides 而且；B. therefore 因此；C. otherwise 否则；D. however然而。根据上半句，英语是国际商务的语言，因此，英语也是生意繁荣事业成功的关键，前半句后后半句 (it is) the key to prosperity 为因果关系。故选 B 项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：《英语的下一步》一书的作者大卫 格塔德尔表示，人们很容
答案第 5 页，共 16 页
易把英语的故事简单地看作是北美、英国、爱尔兰和澳大利亚的母语人士的胜利——但这将是错误的。A. mistake 错误；B. success 成功；C. challenge 挑战；D. competition 竞争。根据设空处句首的 but，可知此句与前面的陈述是相对立的，且后一句“Global English has entered a more complex stage, changing in ways that the English-speaking countries cannot control and
might 4 . (全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段，以英语国家无法控制，且可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化)” ，英语不在单纯属于 its native speakers in North America, Britain and Ireland, and Australia ，所以可推断：前面的观点是错误的（mistake）。故选 A 项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段，以英语国家无法控制，且可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化。A. forget 忘记；B. undergo 经历；C. justify 是 的正当理由；D. dislike 不喜欢。根据第一段“Some experts estimate that 1.5 billion
people—around one-quarter of the world’s population—can communicate reasonably well in
English. (一些专家估计，有 15 亿人，大约占世界人口的四分之一，可以相当好地用英语进行交流)” ，以及第四段第一句“An important question one might ask is: whose English will it be in the future (人们可能会问一个重要的问题：未来会是谁的英语？)” ，可知：英语国家对于英语的发展已经无法控制，未来是谁的英语，不再有英语国家做主，这个变化的方式令英语国家不喜欢（dislike），故选 D 项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，非英语母语者的人数已经超过了英语为母语者的三倍。 A. understand 理解；B. envy 羡慕；C. outnumber 数目超过，比 多；D. overload 过载。根据前一句“An important question one might ask is: whose English will it be in the future (人们可能会问一个重要的问题：未来会是谁的英语？)”可推测，非英语母语人士的人数超过了英语母语人士的，导致英语国家对英语的发展无法控制，短语 A outnumber B by three to one ，意为“A 的数量是 B 的三倍” 。故选 C 项。
36 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，大多数英语体验都发生在非英语母语人士之间。A. encounters 经历，体验；B. instructions 指示；C. negotiations 谈判，协商；D. treatments 治疗。根据第二段“Never in recorded history has a language been as 1 spoken as English is today. The reason why millions are learning it is simple: it is the language of international business and 2 , the key to prosperity. (在有记录的历史上，从来没有一种语言像今天的英语这样被广泛使用。数百万人学习英语的原因很简单：英语是国际商业语言，因此也是走向繁荣的关
键。)”可知，英语是国际商业语言，非英语母语人士有经常要用英语交流的经历
（encounters）。故选 A 项。
答案第 6 页，共 16 页
37 ．考查副词词义辨析。句意：据 David Graddol 说，许多用英语举行的商务会议在没有英语为母语人士在场的情况下会进行得更顺利。A. roughly 粗略地；B. slowly 缓慢地；C. swiftly迅速地；D. smoothly 平稳地。根据下一句“This is because native speakers are often 8 at ensuring that they are understood in international discussions. (这是因为在国际讨论中，以英语为母语的人往往不善于确保自己被理解)”可推断，英语母语人士说的英语不能被非英语母语人士理解，会影响会议节奏，没有英语为母语 人士的情况下，与会人士都能听懂对方的英语，会议反而更顺利（smoothly）。故选 D 项。
38．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是因为在国际讨论中，以英语为母语的人往往不善于确保自己的语言被理解。A. poor 不擅长的；B. angry 生气的；C. clever 聪明的；D. skillful 熟练的。根据后一句“They tend to think they need to avoid longer Latin-based words, but in fact
9 problems are more often caused by their use of idioms, metaphors, and phrasal verbs. On
one occasion, at an international student conference in Amsterdan, conducted in English, the only British representative was asked to be ‘less 10 ’ so that the others could understand her. (他们倾向于认为他们需要避免使用更长的拉丁语单词，但事实上，理解问题往往是由于他们使用成语、隐喻和动词短语造成的。有一次，在阿姆斯特丹用英语举行的国际学生会议上，唯一的英国代表被要求‘少说点英语’，以便其他人能听懂她的话)”可推知，英语母语人士在表达方式上的问题，使非英语母语人士费解，甚至还被要求少说英语，可见其非常不擅长把自己的意思表述清楚，be poor at... ，意为“不擅长于 ” 。故选 A 项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们倾向于认为他们需要避免使用更长的拉丁语单词，但事实上，理解问题往往是由于他们使用成语、隐喻和动词短语造成的。A. equipment 设备；B. economy 经济；C. comprehension 理解力；D. culture 文化。根据语境，英语母语人士使用成语、隐喻和动词短语，导致非英语母语人士听不明白，因此出现理解问题。故选 C 项。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次，在阿姆斯特丹用英语举行的国际学生会议上，唯一的英国代表被要求“少说点英语” ，以便其他人能听懂她的话。A. visible 看得见的；B.
considerate 体贴的；C. English 英文的；D. foreign 外国的。根据上文“According to David
Graddol, many business meetings held in English appear to run more 7 when there are no
native English speakerspresent. (据 David Graddol 说，许多用英语举行的商务会议在没有英语母语人士在场的情况下会进行得更顺利)”可推知，在有英语母语人士的情况下，请这位代表少开口，也能使会议顺利完成。故选 C 项。
41 ．考查名词词义辨析。句意：维也纳大学的英语教授芭芭拉·塞德霍弗教授录制了世界各
答案第 7 页，共 16 页
(
ses
)地该语言使用者之间的英语口语互动。A. grammar 语法；B. interactions 互动，交流；C. cour课程；D. vocabulary 词汇。根据设空处前的 records spoken English ，及可知录制的内容为人与人之间进行口语的交流，interactions 符合语境。故选 B 项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她的团队已经注意到，非英语母语人士在好几个方面都在改变标准英语语法。A. studying 学习；B. explaining 解释；C. checking 检查；D. varying使 变化。根据后面的例子“Even the most experienced speakers sometimes omit the ‘s ’ in the third person singular. Many omit definite and indefinite articles where they are 13 in standard English, or put them in where standard English does not use them. Nouns that are not plural in
native-speaker English are used as plurals by non-native speakers (e.g., ‘informations’,
‘knowledges ’ , ‘advices ’ ). Other variations include ‘make a discussion ’ , ‘discuss about
something’ , or ‘phone to somebody’.(即使是最有经验的演讲者有时也会省略第三人称单数中的‘s ’。许多人在标准英语中需要定冠词和不定冠词的地方省略了它们，或者把它们放在标准英语中不用的地方。在英语母语者中不是复数的名词被非英语母语者用作复数（例如，
informations ，knowledges ，advices）。其他的变体包括 make a discussion 、discuss about
something 或 phone to someone)”可见，非英语母语人士使英语语法有了很多改变。故选 D 项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人在标准英语中需要定冠词和不定冠词的地方省略了它们，或者把它们放在标准英语中不用的地方。A. required 要求；B. deleted 删除；C. judged裁决；D. stressed 强调。根据上一句“She says her team has noticed that non-native speakers are
12 standard English grammar in several ways (她说她的团队已经注意到，非英语母语人士在好几个方面都在改变标准英语语法。)” ，根据句中的 omit 可知，非英语母语人士改变了冠词用法，把冠词给省略了，因此在标准英语中是要求（required）用冠词的。故选 A 项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Knowledges 和 phone to somebody 是完全错误的。A. harmful有害的；B. impolite 不礼貌的；C. wrong 错的；D. illogical 不合逻辑的。根据上一段倒数第二句“Nouns that are not plural in native-speaker English are used as plurals by non-native
speakers (eg, ‘informations’, ‘knowledges’, ‘advices’). (在英语母语者中不是复数的名词，被非母语人士用作复数，如：informations，knowledges，advices)” ，以及本段第一句“Many native English speakers will insist that these are not variations, they are mistakes. (许多以英语为母语的人会坚持认为这些不是变体，而是错误的)”可知，Knowledges 和 phone to somebody 这两个表达法都是错的（wrong）。故选 C 项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是语言在变化，语法正确性的观念也在变化。A. phenomenon
答案第 8 页，共 16 页
现象；B. research 研究；C. structure 结构；D. correctness 正确性。倒数第二段中“She says her team has noticed that non-native speakers are 12 standard English grammar in several ways.
(她说她的团队已经注意到，非英语母语人士在好几个方面都在改变标准英语语法。)”，以及第三段最后一句“Global English has entered a more complex stage, changing in ways that the English-speaking countries cannot control and might 4 . (全球英语已经进入了一个更加复杂的阶段，以英语国家无法控制，且可能不喜欢的方式发生着变化。)”可推知，随着全球英语的变化发展，现在非英语母语人士说的被认为是错误的英语表达法，可能以后会被接受，使它们能合理存在，也变成正确的表述，故推知：语法正确性（correctness）的观念也
在变化。故选 D 项。
46 ．C 47 ．C 48 ．A 49 ．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者原本与朋友约好去旅游，却被放了鸽子，她决定一个人去。途中她遇见了五个背包客，这些背包客邀请她一起去旅游，她和这些人一起经历了美好的几天，并和他们成了好朋友。
46．推理判断题。根据前文“My plan was to travel with a friend of a friend, I explained, but when I called her that morning, she didn’t pick up and I had no other way to reach her.”可知作者被朋友放鸽子了，被放鸽子肯定是失望的，C 项（因为突然的变化而感到沮丧的）最符合作者此时的心情，所以选 C。
47 ．推理判断题。根据““Why don’t you travel with us ” one of the backpackers offered”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游，说明他们很热心；根据“ They were experienced adventurers who would work for a few months, save, then travel for as long as they could”可知这些背包客旅游经验很丰富，所以是值得信任的，综合选 C。
48 ．推理判断题。根据“It seemed risky to travel with strangers, but my instinct said yes.”可知这些背包客邀请作者一起旅游时，她的本能（instinct）也就是第六感说了“好” ，也就是说她的第六感让她相信她能和这些背包客相处的很好，才会答应他们的邀请，故选 A。
49 ．推理判断题。根据“The world opened up to me because I chose to travel alone.”可知作者觉得自己选择一个人旅游让自己看到了更大的世界，再结合最后一句“Though I was happy she was all right, I was grateful she hadn’t picked up the phone.”可知作者庆幸她的朋友没有接她的
电话。由此可以判断作者认为自己选择一个人去旅行是一个很好的决定，故选 D。
50 ．C 51 ．D 52 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四个最适合投资者投资的地方。
答案第 9 页，共 16 页
50 ．推理判断题。根据第三自然段“Clearly, everyone — whether he/she is a British citizen or a foreigner investor — who wants to start a business in London must detect first the most profitable areas. And the four most appealing ones are listed below. (显然，每个想在伦敦创业的人，无论是英国公民还是外国投资者，都必须首先发现最有利可图的领域。下面列出了四个最吸引人的)”可推知，本文是的受众群体是有兴趣在伦敦创业的投资者。故选 C。
51 ．推理判断题。根据第二自然段“The enormous number of residents, combined with the
continuous inflow of tourists, makes it a highly wanted city for every kind of commercial activity. (庞大的居民数量，加上不断涌入的游客，使其成为各种商业活动的热门城市)”可推知，如果投资者计划在伦敦做生意，最值得考虑的因素是伦敦有不断涌入的游客和巨大的潜在消费者。故选 D。
52 ．细节理解题。根据 Covent Garden 部分“This area represents the perfect balance between luxury and sustainability. (这个区域代表了奢华与可持续发展之间的完美平衡)” 、 Mayfair 部分“Are you planning to open a luxury shop Then Mayfair is undoubtedly your spot. (你打算开
一家奢侈品店吗？那么梅菲尔无疑是你的位置)”以及 Bond Street 部分“Another luxury area
with a gathering of many established high-end brands, maybe the most complicated one. (另一个 豪华区，聚集了许多知名高端品牌，可能是最复杂的一个)”可知，Covent Garden 、Mayfair 和 Bond Street适合开奢侈品店。故用排除法，如果你有足够的资金，想要开一家奢侈品店，最不应该选择 Carnaby 。故选 B。
53 ．A 54 ．B 55 ．A 56 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是虽然太空探索很困难，但是我们仍然要继续下去，因为这是作为人类最好的意义。
53 ．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The thing about space is that it’s huge — terrifyingly, impossibly huge. It took three days for the Apollo missions to get to the moon. It takes between five months
and a year to get to Mars and around five years to get to Jupiter. The nearest star outside the Solar System is Proxima Centauri, which would take the Voyager spacecraft 80,000 years to get to.(关于太空的事情是它是巨大的——可怕的，不可能的巨大。阿波罗计划花了三天时间才到达月球。到达火星需要 5 个月到 1 年的时间，到达木星需要 5 年左右的时间。离太阳系最近的恒星是半人马座比邻星，旅行者号宇宙飞船要花 8 万年才能到达。)”和第二段的“In other words, space exploration is an incredibly dangerous venture.(换句话说，太空探索是一项极其危险的冒险。)”可知，从前两段我们可以知道太空旅行的困难。故选 A。
答案第 10 页，共 16 页
54 ．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When I was a kid, exploring space was a big deal. The last Apollo mission to the moon was in 1972, but I was way too young to know anything about it. The first space mission I actually remember was Viking II, which landed on Mars. Honestly, I was
expecting it to find alien life.(小时候，探索太空可是件大事。阿波罗登月计划的最后一次任务是在 1972 年，但那时我还太小，根本不知道这些事。我真正记得的第一次太空任务是“海盗二号”，它在火星着陆。说实话，我当时还期待着它能找到外星生命呢。)”及第五段“Humans were going to explore the universe, meet aliens, live on other worlds, and have adventures.(人类 将要探索宇宙，与外星人会面，在其他星球上生活，经历各种冒险。)”可知，作者在童年时期期待能找到外星生命的证据，在外太空冒险，和外星文明交流，没有提到了解生命的起源。故选 B。
55 ．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But we need to go on exploring. Exploration, knowledge,
wonder, imagination —these are the best of what it means to be human.(但我们需要继续探索。探索、知识、惊奇、想象——这些是作为人类最好的意义。)”可知，我们要继续太空探索事业，是因为它包含了使我们成为人类的最好的东西。故选 A。
56．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Instead, we all watched in horror as the space shuttle blew up. Seven astronauts died. Not one of us thought that we should cancel the Space Shuttle program or cut NASA’s budget. If anything, we wanted more. We still do.(相反，我们都惊恐地看着航天飞机爆炸。七名宇航员死亡。我们中没有一个人认为我们应该取消航天飞机计划或削减美国宇航局的预算。如果有的话，我们想要更多。我们现在依然如此。)”可知，作者想通过最后一段传达的信息是任何困难都不能阻止我们探索宇宙。故选 B。
57 ．D 58 ．B 59 ．C 60 ．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的 Sarah
Brosnan 和 Frans de Waal 对雌性卷尾猴进行的一项研究，它们像人类女性一样，更倾向于关注“商品和服务” 的价值。
57 ．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Such behaviour is regarded as ‘all too human, ’ with the
underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of
grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.(这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’，其言下之意就是动物是不可能产生这种微妙的不满。但是美国佐治亚州亚特兰大市 Emory 大学 Sarah Brosnan 和 Frans de Waal 最近在《自然》上发表了一项
答案第 11 页，共 16 页
研究，这项研究认为猴子也有类似的‘太猴子化’的行为)”可知，第一段提到人会因为不公平而愤怒，推导动物会不会呢？有人认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴子同样会，下文就猴子也会因不公平而愤怒展开，所以本段是通过作比较引入主题。故选 D 项。
58 ．句意理解题。根据第一段中“Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as ‘all too human,’(事实上，如果他还有偷懒的名声，那么你甚至有可能会勃然大怒。这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’)”及第一段末尾的“as
well(也)”可知，人会因不公平而感到愤怒，“it is all too monkey(太猴子化)”意思是猴子和人一样，痛恨不公平也是猴子的本性，故选 B 项。
59．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.(这种合作只有在每一只猴子都感觉它没有被欺骗的情况下才可能保持稳定)”可知，该研究发现，如果猴子感觉被欺骗，就不会合作。故选 C 项。
60 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved
independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the
species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.(然而，到底这样的公平意识是人类和卷尾猴各自形成的，还是因为二者在 3500 万年前有一个共同的祖先造成的， 目前还没有答案)”可知，人类的义愤起源不确定，故选 B 项。
61 ．C 62 ．D 63 ．A 64 ．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着人们寿命的延长，人口老龄化成为一个更大的经济问题。它既给公共卫生支出带来负担，又降低了劳动力的生产力。衰老是许多疾病背后的根本驱动因素，如癌症、心脏病等。年龄逆转技术将增加健康跨度，延长健康的时间长度。
61 ．由上文“Our life spans (时间段) used to be relatively short.（我们的寿命曾经是相对较
短）”说明接下来是举例证明这一观点，C. In the 1800s, life expectancy across the world was less than 40 years of age.（在 19 世纪，世界各地的预期寿命不到 40 岁），符合语境。故选 C 项。
62 ．由上文“One expert in population aging at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory,
Halldór Stefánsson, explains that some serious diseases related to aging — that very few people
lived long enough to experience in the past — have replaced infectious diseases as the main cause of death.（欧洲分子生物学实验室(Halldór Stefánsson) 的一位人口老龄化专家解释说，一些与老龄化有关的严重疾病已经取代传染病成为死亡的主要原因——过去很少有人活得足够
长）” 以及下段首句“The amazing news is that age reversal technology will soon be a reality.（令人惊讶的消息是，年龄逆转技术将很快成为现实）”可知此处应该是提出疑问，所以，我们
答案第 12 页，共 16 页
脑子里的问题是：科学能阻止衰老吗 符合题意。故选 D 项。
63 ．由下文“In the foreseeable future, we will be able to enjoy a longer life as well.（在可预见的未来，我们也将能够享受更长的寿命）” 中 as well 可知，设空句中应提到有谁已经能够享受更长的寿命，A .And science has moved on to extend life spans of some animals, though not yet of humans.（科学已经在延长一些动物的寿命，但还没有延长人类的寿命）中讲到科学已经延长了一些动物的寿命，上下文语意连贯。故选 A 项。
64 ．由下文“That means the technology will restore our vitality and bodily function by removing the damage inevitably caused by the processes of life.（这意味着这项技术将恢复我们的活力和身体机能，消除生活过程中不可避免造成的损害）”说明此处应该介绍 Age reversal technology的好处，F. Age reversal technology will also increase health span—the length of time during
which one is healthy.（年龄逆转技术也将增加健康跨度——一个人健康的时间长度）符合题意。故选 F 项。
65 ． English has evolved from a non-existent language 2,000 years ago to become the
world's most influential language, currently dominating science, business, media, and popular
culture globally. There are two contrasting predictions about English’s future by the end of the third millennium: one view suggests it will become even more dominant while other languages die out, while another view argues it is already fragmenting into several distinct varieties like
Latin did. Standard English will keep serving international communication but will never
become the only global language, since other languages are resisting its control and governments are protecting linguistic diversity.
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了英语的过去，展望预测英语的未来。一千多年以来，英语已经发展成为世界上最具影响力的语言。在第三个千年结束时，有人认为英语会成为一种全球语言，主导世界贸易和媒体。也有人认为，英语已经分裂成好几种语言。英语可能会保持主导地位，但世界各国政府也开始保护小型语言。
【详解】85.根据本段内容“Two thousand years ago English did not exist. A thousand years ago it w