Unit 3 Sea Exploration知识点课件(共80张PPT) 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册

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名称 Unit 3 Sea Exploration知识点课件(共80张PPT) 2025-2026学年高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册
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更新时间 2026-03-26 00:00:00

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(共80张PPT)
Sea Exploration
Unit 3
1. extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长(extensive adj.广阔的;大量的;广泛
的 extension n.延伸;扩大;延期)
extend…to…向……提供/给予……
extend to延长到
extend by延长了
2. withdraw vi.&vt.(使)撤回;撤离[withdrawal n.撤回;(从银行账户
中)提款;退出(组织) withdrawn adj.沉默寡言的;内向的]
·withdraw money (from…)
从……提取资金
withdraw from an event/agreement
退出活动/协议
withdraw troops/forces撤军
withdraw a statement/an offer
撤回声明/提议
withdraw into oneself自我封闭;变得孤僻
·withdrawal symptoms戒断/脱瘾症状
make a withdrawal提款;取款
3. bond n.纽带;关系vt.&vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合
·strong/close bond 紧密关系
family/emotional bond 家庭/情感纽带
·bond between A and B A与B的联系
bond with sb. 与某人建立亲密关系
4. mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠(merciful adj.仁慈的;慈悲的;宽大的
merciless adj.残忍的;无情的;毫不怜悯的)
·show mercy to
对……表示怜悯/宽恕
have mercy on/upon
对……有怜悯之心;宽恕……
at the mercy of
任凭……的摆布;受……支配
·be merciful to 对……仁慈
5. possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制[possess vt.拥有;
具有(特质);支配]
·take possession of (表动作)占有;拥有
in possession of (表状态)具有;拥有
in the possession of
被……拥有;归……所有
·be possessed of sth具有某种品质(或特征)
6. in hand在手头;可供使用
at hand在手边;在附近
by hand手工;亲手递交的
hand in hand手拉手;密切关联
on the one hand…on the other (hand)…
一方面……另一方面……(用于表示不同的,尤其是相对立的两个方面)
give sb a hand 帮(某人)一下;施以援手
so that引导目的状语从句
We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can
take action.我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么,以便我们可以采
取行动。
·本句中so that引导目的状语从句,相当于in order that,从句中往往含
有情态动词,如can、 could、 may、 might等。
·so that也可以引导结果状语从句,此时从句中往往没有情态动词。
观察下面的句子,并感知动词不定式的用法。
1. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the
people of early civilisations.
2. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea
routes from west to east.
3. Here, merchants from China and many other places met to
negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each
other’s cultures.
4. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at
that time.
5. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.
6. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across
the historic Silk Road areas,and strengthen the bonds between China
and the rest of the world.
7. Trading has grown greatly in recent years,and will continue to do so
in years to come.
8. China has invested billions in systems and services along these
routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit
of future trade and cultural exchange.
9. Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the
need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to
reach out across the sea far into the future.
1. 概念
动词不定式的基本构成是“to+动词原形”,是非谓语动词形式之一,
其中to是不定式符号,无词义。动词不定式具有名词、形容词、副词和
动词的特征,它可以在句中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分。
2. 动词不定式的变化形式
(1)时态和语态
主动 被动 意义
一般式 to do to be done 与谓语动作同时或在其后发

进行式 to be doing to be doing done 在谓语动作发生时,不定式
的动作正在进行
完成式 to have done to have been done 在谓语动作之前发生
Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and
Gauguin.(动词不定式的动作还未发生,2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
我们的旅行还包括一次追寻凡·高和高更足迹的机会。
I plan to withdraw from the club.(withdraw的动作在plan之后发生)
我打算退出这个俱乐部。
It’s a great honour for me to be invited.(me是invite动作的承受者)
我很荣幸受到邀请。
They are reported to be working hard.(be reported与work同时发生)
据报道,他们正在努力地工作。
The merchant is considered to have negotiated with that
factory.(negotiate发生在be considered之前)
这个商人被认为已经和那家工厂协商过了。
动词不定式“主动形式表示被动意义”的几种情况:
①动词不定式作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系,同时,与句中的另一个
名词或代词有逻辑上的主谓关系。
Once the plan is made, we will have a lot of work to do every day.
一旦制订了计划,我们每天都会有很多工作要做。
②在“主语+be+性质形容词+动词不定式”结构中。
The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.(2023·浙江1月卷)
火车车厢里的温度通常很难控制。
③动词不定式与疑问代词连用。
For a period of time, as a young athlete, I didn’t know what to do.
有一段时间,作为一名年轻运动员,我不知道该做什么。
④在“be to blame”中,常用主动形式表示被动意义。
It is said that the driver was to blame for this car accident happening last
night.
据说昨晚发生的这起车祸应归咎于司机。
⑤在“too…to…”结构中。
The box is too heavy for the little boy to lift.
这个盒子太重了,小男孩搬不起来。
⑥在there be句型中,作主语的名词后可接动词不定式作定语,动词不
定式用主动式或被动式均可,一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
There is nothing to worry/to be worried about.
没什么可担心的。
(2)动词不定式的否定形式: not/never to do
He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of
his glances.(2021·全国甲卷)
他似乎没有注意到旁边的那个人,但很快我就察觉到了他投向对方的几
次目光。
We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to come back in
for a while.
我们只是把他们送到花园里,告诉他们暂时不要回来。
3. 动词不定式的句法功能
(1)作主语
动词不定式作主语,表示将来特定的某一次的具体动作,谓语动词用单
数形式。
To err is human.
金无足赤,人无完人。/人非圣贤,孰能无过。
To finish this job in one day is impossible.
要一天之内完成这项工作是不可能的。
To blame the worker will not make up for the loss.
责备那个工作人员也弥补不了损失。
若动词不定式太长,则往往用it代替动词不定式作形式主语,动词不定
式移至句末,常用句式为:it+be+adj.+of/for sb to do sth。当形容词
表达事物的特征时,用for sb;当形容词表达人的特征或品质时,用of
sb。
It is important for us students to work out on a regular basis.
经常锻炼身体对我们学生来说很重要。
It is kind of you to help me out of the difficulty.
你帮我摆脱困境,真是太好了。
(2)作表语
动词不定式作表语时需放在系动词后面,表示将来的动作或起解释说明
的作用。系动词主要是be类动词(am、 is、 are、 was、 were、 been等)
和表象类动词(seem、 appear等);主语常常是dream、 wish、 idea、
plan、 task、 purpose、 aim、 duty、 job等表示意向、打算、职责等
意义的词。
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with
the ability to recognize different facial expressions in
humans.(2021·浙江6月卷) 
目前尚不清楚为什么狗似乎具备识别人类不同面部表情的能力。
My main task is to get this company running smoothly.
我的主要任务是让这家公司平稳运转。
(3)作宾语
I decided to devote myself to the task of working with the subjects,
while he developed the scientific model.
我决定全身心投入到研究课题的工作中,而他则负责研发科学模型。
We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she declined, saying that
she felt like walking.(2020·天津7月卷)
我们提出开车送Sharon回家,但她拒绝了,说她想走路。
①常用动词不定式作宾语的动词:
三个希望两答应: hope、 wish、 want、 agree、 promise 
两个要求莫拒绝: demand、 ask、 refuse
设法学会做决定: manage、 learn、 decide
不要假装在选择: pretend、 choose
They promise to love and serve their homeland, people and families.
他们承诺会热爱并报效自己的祖国、人民和家庭。
Unexpectedly, he refused to take the money for the gas, saying
“What good is a man who cannot help another in need”?
出乎意料的是,他拒绝收下这笔用来购买汽油的钱,并说道:“一个
人,要是不能帮助其他需要帮助的人,还有什么用?”
She managed to climb onto the rock and waited with patience.
她设法爬上岩石,耐心地等待着。
Karie pretended to be smiling all the time.Meanwhile a sense of guilt
rose inside her.
Karie一直假装在笑。与此同时,她内心产生了一种愧疚感。
②“动词+it+adj./n.+动词不定式”结构中,it为形式宾语,动词不
定式为真正的宾语。用于该结构的动词有feel、 find、 think、
believe、 consider、 make等。
That makes it extra hard to learn and practise.
那使得学习和练习变得格外困难。
(4)作定语
动词不定式作定语时,应放在被修饰词的后面。动词不定式作定语的几
种情况:
①序数词、形容词最高级或 the last、the only、the next 等后或被这些
词修饰的名词后,常用动词不定式作定语。
The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund is 15
June.(2023·浙江1月卷)
取消注册并获得全额退款的期限是6月15日。
The only way to pay for the groceries was to take off the things she could
do without: a bottle of rubbing alcohol and a bar of soap.(2021·浙江6
月卷)
支付这些商品的唯一方法是拿掉可以不买的东西:一瓶医用酒精和一块
肥皂。
②抽象名词time、way、reason、chance、opportunity、 ability、
promise、 attempt等后常用动词不定式作定语。
The researchers then tested the dogs’ ability to distinguish between
human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the
person’s face or images totally different from the ones used in
training.(2021·浙江6月卷)
然后,研究人员通过向狗展示人脸的另一半或与训练中使用的图像完全
不同的图像,来测试它们区分人类面部表情的能力。
The party also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
聚会还让人们有机会看看新家是什么样子的。
③something、 nothing、 anything等不定代词后常用动词不定式
作定语。
He wants us to stop seeing sleep as an inconvenience, something to be
gotten through.
他希望我们不要再把睡眠看作是一种不便,一种需要克服的事情。
Do you have anything to say?
你有什么要说的吗?
④动词不定式作定语可表示将来的、还没发生的动作。
With a lot of work to deal with, the new president will be busy in the
following two weeks.
由于有很多工作要做,新总统在接下来的两周内会很忙碌。
(5)作状语
①作目的状语
动词不定式作目的状语时,其所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动
作之后,一般放在句子后面,表示强调,也可位于句首;其前可加in
order或so as,但加so as时不能放在句首。
To help us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through
our notes.(2020·天津7月卷)
为了帮助我们准备考试,老师建议我们把笔记通读一遍。
But remember, it’s you that have to grow and read and reread in
order to better understand your friends.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
但请记住,为了更好地理解你的朋友,你必须不断成长、不断阅读和反
复研读。
②作原因状语
动词不定式常跟在作表语的形容词和过去分词之后,用来说明产生某种
情绪或作出某种评价的原因。此类词有happy、 lucky、 surprised、
sorry、 glad、 delighted、 eager、 anxious、 ready、 foolish、
interested、 careless等。
If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe
place.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
如果你有幸收到礼物,就把它们放在一个安全的地方(保管)。
I’m glad to know that you’ve come to China to learn kung fu in a
school in my hometown.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)
得知你已经来到中国,在我家乡的一所学校学习功夫,我很高兴。
③作结果状语
动词不定式作结果状语时常放在句尾,表示出乎意料的结果。常用only
to do、 enough to do、 too…to do、 so/such…as to do等形式。
Lamb and mother reunited, I turned back to the tractor only to see it
move suddenly away from me.(2020·浙江7月卷)
小羊和妈妈团聚了,我转身回到拖拉机旁,却看到它突然从我身边
走开。
Their companionship was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at
bay.(2022·全国甲卷)
他们的陪伴几乎足以让我不再感到孤独。
The old woman was so angry as to shake.
那个老妇人被气得发抖。
现在分词(短语)作结果状语多表示自然而然的结果,即句子和结果状语
之间有一定的因果关系。
A flush of embarrassment came to her cheeks, making Jessy biting her
lips.
尴尬得满脸通红,Jessy咬了咬嘴唇。
(6)作补语
①ask、tell、invite、get、advise、allow、want、permit、warn、
order、encourage、prefer、expect、 force、 wish、 beg等表示命令、
教导、要求、意向、允许、警告等意义的动词后可接动词不定式作宾语
补足语。
Mom expected me to start crying, but I just sat there for a
minute.(2020·浙江1月卷)
妈妈原本以为我会哭出来,但我只是在那里坐了一会儿。
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific
choices that allow me to make the most of every day.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我一天有和你一样的24小时,但我做出了具体的选择,让我能够充分利
用每一天。
②believe、 consider、 declare、 find、 prove、 suppose、 think等表示
意见、认可、判断、料想、声明等意义的动词后的宾语补足语常是“to
be”形式。
She’s proved herself to be a very reliable worker.
她证明了自己是一名非常可靠的职员。
I believe him to be honest.
我相信他是诚实的。
③在feel(一感)、 hear/listen to(二听)、 make/let/have(三让)、
see/watch/notice/observe(四看)等感官动词或短语和使役动词后,动词
不定式作宾语补足语时常省略to。在help(帮助)后,动词不定式作宾语
补足语时,既可以带to,也可以不带to。这些词在变为被动语态时,to
不能省略,此时动词不定式作主语补足语。(一感二听三让四看半帮
助,主动不to 被动to)
Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the
world unfold outside the window.(2023·浙江1月卷)
看书、编织、做填字游戏,或者只是看看窗外的世界。
Because he was absorbed in the book, he didn’t notice me enter the
room.
→Because he was absorbed in the book, I wasn’t noticed to enter the
room.
他完全被这本书所吸引,没有注意到我进入房间了。
1. 单句语法填空
(1)He asked each villager that received the machine (use) it
and train an inheritor (继承者) of the local weaving technique.
(2)Today in Weifang, there are virtually no limitations on the shapes or
sizes of kites,which can be made (represent) people’s
ideals and desires.
(3)I feel I have a new mission (shoulder), even after
China wins its battle (reduce) poverty.
to use 
to represent 
to shoulder 
to reduce 
(4)The ground floor tends (use) as storage space for
firewood and farming equipment.
(5)That approach brought Cobb’s air travel last year down by 75%,
and she plans (continue) the practice.(2022·浙江1月卷)
(6)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40
days to Xi’an, as a first step (journey) the Belt and
Road route (路线) by foot.(2022·全国甲卷)
(7)Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace,often came over
(plant)flowers in the front yard.(2021·浙江6月卷)
to be used 
to continue 
to journey 
to plant 
(8)He convinced the police department (allow) him
(set) up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks.
(9)They are said (study) psychology now.
(10)The snow seemed (blow) from the top of the
mountain.
(11) (obey) the law is everyone’s duty.
(12)It was rude of the boy (speak) loudly in public.
to allow 
to
set 
to be studying 
to have been blown 
To obey 
to speak 
2. 补全句子
(1)To a little child, the problem .
对于一个小孩子来说,这个问题很难解决。
(2)I think it my duty .
我认为组织各种各样的有意义的活动是我的职责。
(3)He got to the station .
他到了车站,却被告知火车已经开走了。
(4)He is on his own.
他已经长大了,可以独立解决这个问题。
is difficult to solve 
to organise various meaningful activities 
only to be told the train had gone 
old enough to solve the problem 
本单元的写作任务是写辩论型议论文。辩论型议论文主要针对某一
观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法。因此,写此
类文章时要考虑的论据多为正反两个方面。通过对有争议的观点或问题
的不同看法进行比较,然后进行分析和评论,最后提出自己的看法,表
达自己支持或反对的态度并加以论证说明,得出结论。具体写作格式如
图所示:
1. 开头句
(1)When it comes to ocean exploration, people hold different opinions.
当谈到海洋探索,人们持有不同的观点。
(2)The opinion on whether to further explore the ocean varies from
person to person.
关于是否要进一步探索海洋这一问题,每个人的看法都不尽相同。
(3)Our class had a heated discussion about the phenomenon. Opinions
are mainly divided into two groups.
我们班对这种现象进行了热烈讨论。主要有两种观点。
2. 中间句
(1)Some people hold the view that ocean exploration may do damage to
some marine life.
一些人认为,海洋探索可能会对一些海洋生物造成伤害。
(2)Some people support/are in favour of ocean exploration because rich
resources in the ocean may help solve the problem of energy shortages.
一些人支持海洋探索,因为海洋丰富的资源或许可以帮助解决能源短缺
的问题。
(3)A majority of people approve of the idea because fish can provide us
with rich nutrients.
大多数人赞成这个观点,因为鱼可以给我们提供丰富的营养。
(4)Through ocean exploration, we can know more about the ocean and
better understand the reason why the environment changes.
通过海洋探索,我们可以更多地了解海洋,更好地了解环境变化的
原因。
(5)Information from ocean exploration is very important,which helps
predict earthquakes and tsunamis.
来自海洋探索的信息很重要,它有助于预测地震和海啸。
(6)However, some people hold a different opinion. They think that
human’s overfishing may not only cause pollution but also destroy the
deep-sea ecosystem.
然而,一些人持有不同的观点。他们认为人类的过度捕捞不仅会造成污
染,还会破坏深海生态系统。
3. 结尾句
(1)Personally speaking, there are some good and bad effects caused by
ocean exploration.
就我个人而言,海洋探索既有好的影响也有坏的影响。
(2)As far as I’m concerned, moderate ocean exploration is worth
investing because it can inspire humans to find new energy.
在我看来,适度的海洋探索是值得投资的,因为它可以激励人类去寻找
新的能源。
1. 故事;叙述n.
2. 扩展;使伸长;延长vt.
3. 商定;达成(协议)vt. 谈判;磋商;协商vi.
4. 等级;水平;联合会;联赛n.
5. 皇家的;王室的;高贵的adj.
tale 
extend 
negotiate 
league 
royal 
6. (使)撤回;撤离 vi.&vt.
7. 航道;海峡;频道n.
8. 纽带;关系n. 增强信任关系;使牢固结合 vt.&vi.
9. 政治;政治观点n.
withdraw 
channel 
bond 
politics 
10. 职业;行业n.
11. 锦标赛;联赛n.
12. 混合;结合体;混合物n.
13. 笔记本电脑;便携式电脑n.
profession 
tournament 
mixture 
laptop 
14. 新闻报道;覆盖范围n.
15. 鼓掌vt.&vi. 称赞;赞赏vt.
16. 对……征税;使纳税vt. 税;税款n.
17. 名录;电话号码簿;(计算机文件或程序的)目录n.
18. 谋杀;凶杀;毁坏vt. 谋杀;凶杀n.
19. 仁慈;宽恕;恩惠n.
coverage 
applaud 
tax 
directory 
murder 
mercy 
20. 个人财产;拥有;控制n.
21. 反对者;对手;竞争者n.
22. 把……载入正式记录;记录vt. 正式记录;日志;原木n.
possession 
opponent 
log 
23. 逮捕;拘留;中止n. 逮捕;拘留;阻止vt.
24. 迁移;迁徙;移居n.
25. 与此同时;(比较两方面)对比之下adv.
26. merchant
27. fleet
28. behold  29. spice
arrest 
migration 
meanwhile 
商人;批发商;海上货运的 
舰队;机群;车队 
看;看见 
(调味)香料 
30. maritime
31. manned
32. submersible
33. underwater
34. coral  35. exploit
36. gallon  37. marine
38. capsule
海的;海运的;海事的 
有人控制的;需人操纵的 
潜水器;可潜船 
在水下;水下的 
珊瑚 
开发;利用;剥削 
加仑 
海的;海产的;海生的 
胶囊;太空舱 
1. 搜索;搜寻;访求
2. 激励某人做某事
3. 起航;开航
4. 形成……的基础
5. 以……而闻名
6. 导致;通向
search for 
inspire sb to do sth 
set sail 
form the foundation of 
become known as 
lead to 
7. 独领风骚
8. 在……的指挥下
in a league of one’s own 
under the command of 
9. 作为对……的回报
10. 退出;撤回
11. 对……有更多的选择
12. 将来;未来
13. 为了……的利益
in return for 
withdraw from 
have more options for 
in years to come 
for the benefit of 
14. 从……的角度看
15. 在手头;可供使用
16. 提及;谈及
from a(n)…point of view 
in hand 
talk of 
17. 因为;由于
18. ……的目的
19. 无情地
because of 
the purpose of 
without mercy 
20. 是……的家园
21. 采取行动
22. 大量的
23. 与……相平衡
24. 突然;猛地
be home to 
take action 
vast amounts of 
be balanced with 
all of a sudden 
1. 贸易和求知欲常常构成了人类最伟大成就的基础。

.
2. 在古代,中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马,这条路就
是有名的“丝绸之路”。
In ancient times, silk from China overland to
India, the Middle East, and Rome, along
.
Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind’s
greatest achievements 
found its way 
what became known as
the Silk Road 
3. 在这里,来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚集在一起商谈贸易协
议,这也使得(他们)对彼此的文化有了更多的了解。
Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate
trade deals,
.
which also led to more awareness of each other’s
cultures 
4. 这些船队在当时蔚为壮观,独领风骚。
These fleets
at that time.
were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own 
5. 这一倡议旨在促进历史上丝绸之路沿线地区的合作和贸易,并加强
中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
The aim of this initiative is
across the historic Silk Road areas, and
.
to encourage cooperation and trade 
strengthen the bonds
between China and the rest of the world 
6. 近年来,贸易得到了极大的发展,并且在未来几年仍将继续保持这
种增长态势。
, and
.
Trading has grown greatly in recent years 
will continue to
do so in years to come 
7. 从科学的角度来看,为了解气候变化及其影响,北极研究迫在眉
睫。

.
From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the
Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects 
8. 数百年后的今天,借助最新的科技,贸易需求和加强(各地区之间)联
系的愿望将推动中国远跨重洋,迈向未来。
, and ,
will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
Hundreds of years on 
with the latest technology in hand
the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships 
9. 在深海中,水像玻璃一样清澈,那儿住着海王。
, ,
lives the Sea King.
10. 塑料污染也很严重,造成了许多鸟类和鱼类的死亡,甚至在我们的
自来水中也发现了塑料污染。
Plastic pollution is also bad, , and has
even been found in our tap water.
Far out in the ocean 
where the water is as clear as glass 
killing many birds and fish 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 1 extend vt. 扩展;使伸长;延长
n. 延伸;扩大
adj. 广泛的;
广阔的
adv. 广泛地;广阔地
2 negotiate vt.商
定;达成(协议)
vi. 谈判;磋
商;协商
n. 谈判;协商
adj. 可协商
的;可讨论的
n. 谈判代表;
协商者
extension 
extensive 
extensively
negotiation 
negotiable 
negotiator 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 3 royal adj. 皇家
的;王室的;高
贵的 n.
王室成员;版税
adv. 非常好
地;极度 n.
保皇党人;君
主主义者
4 spice n. (调味)
香料 adj.
加有香料的;刺
激的
n. 香馥;富于
香料;辛辣
adj. 含香料
的;五香的;
调过味的
royalty 
royally 
royalist 
spicy 
spiciness 
spiced 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 5 withdraw vi.&vt. (使)撤回;撤离 n. 撤回;退出 adj. 沉默寡言的;内向的 /
6 bond n. 纽带;关系 vt.&vi. 增强信任关系;使牢固结合 adj.
黏合的;受法律
约束的 n. 人与人之间的关系;键合 /
withdrawal 
withdrawn
bonded 
bonding 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 7 politics n.政
治;政治观点
adj. 政治的;政
府的
adv. 政治上
n. 政治家;从
政者
8 profession n. 职
业;行业
adj. 职业的;专
业的
adv. 在职业上;内行地
n. 专长;专业水平;职业的
political 
politically 
politician 
professional 
professionally
professionalism
基础词汇 拓展词汇 9 vi.&vt.
(使)混合;融
合;调配 mixture n. 混
合;结合体;混
合物
adj. 混合的;
混杂的 n.
搅拌器;混合

10 vt. 覆盖;报道 coverage n. 新
闻报道;覆盖范

adj. 盖满的;
有顶的 /
mix 
mixed 
mixer 
cover 
covered 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 11 applaud vt.&vi.
鼓掌 vt.称赞;
赞赏 n.
鼓掌;喝彩 / /
12 vt. 配
备(人员);操纵
n.成年男子;人类 manned adj. 有
人控制的;需人
操纵的
adj. 无人操作
的;自控的
adv. 有男子气
概地;勇敢坚
定地
applause 
man 
unmanned 
manfully 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 13
vi.&vt. 潜水;
没入 submersible n.
潜水器;可潜船
n. 浸没;淹
没 /
14 vi.
迁移;迁徙 migration n. 迁
移;迁徙;移居
adj. 迁移的;
迁徙的 n. 移民;候鸟
submerge 
submersion
migrate 
migratory 
migrant 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 15 vt.
把…对准(某人
或某方向);指
导;指示 adj.直接的 n.
方向;指导
n. 董事;导演 directory n. 名
录;电话号码
簿;(计算机文
件或程序的)目

16 exploit vt. 开
发;利用;剥削
n. 剥削;开
发;利用
adj. 可开发
的;可利用的
n. 开发者;剥
削者
direct 
direction 
director 
exploitation 
exploitable
exploiter 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 17 murder vt. 谋
杀;凶杀;毁坏 n. 谋杀;凶杀 n. 被谋杀的人
n. 杀人犯;杀
人凶手
adj. 蓄意谋杀的;凶恶的;凶残的
18 mercy n. 仁慈;宽恕;恩惠 adj. 仁慈的;慈悲的
adj. 无情的;
残忍的
adv. 仁慈地;
幸运地
murderee 
murderer 
murderous
merciful 
merciless 
mercifully 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 19 vt.
拥有;支配 possession n. 个
人财产;拥有;
控制
adj. 不愿分享
的;占有欲强

n. 持有人;所
有者
20 vt.
反对;抵抗 opponent n. 反
对者;对手;竞
争者 n. 反对;对抗
adj. 对面的;
相反的
possess 
possessive 
possessor 
oppose 
opposition
opposite 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 21 marine adj. 海
的;海产的;海生的 n.
水手;海员 
adj. 海事的;
海运的 /
22 n.
绸缎商人;布商 merchant n. 商
人;批发商adj.
海上货运的
adj. 适于销售的
n. 商品;货品
mariner 
maritime 
mercer 
mercantable
merchandise
基础词汇 拓展词汇 23 tax vt. 对……征税;使纳税 n. 税;税款 adj.
繁重的;费力的
adj. 应纳税
的;应课税的
n. 税款;税收
24 capsule n. 胶
囊;太空舱
adj. 胶囊包裹的
vt. 把……装于
胶囊内 /
taxing 
taxable 
taxation 
capsulate 
capsulise 
基础词汇 拓展词汇 25 log vt. 把……载入正式记录;记录 n. 正式记录;日志;原木 n.
伐木作业 n.
伐木工 /
26 arrest n. 逮捕;拘留;中止 vt. 逮捕;拘留;阻止 adj. 引人注意的;很有吸引力的
n. 逮捕者;防止装置 /
logging 
logger 
arresting 
arrester