(共68张PPT)
Sharing
Unit 4
1. drag vt.拖;拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
读后续写之手部肢体动作:
drag/draw/pull拉
cup one’s hands 用手作杯状
slide one’s hands into 将手伸进……
put one’s hands to one’s cheeks/bury one’s face with one’s hands
双手掩面
spread one’s hands摊开双手
2. privilege n.优惠待遇;特权 vt.给予特权;特别优待(privileged adj.
有特权的;受特别优待的;荣幸)
·it is a privilege to do sth
做某事是一种殊荣
have the privilege to do/of doing sth
有特权做某事
·be privileged to do sth 有幸做某事
3. resign vi.& vt.辞职;辞去
resign from 从……辞职
resign as 辞去……的职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth
听任/顺从/只好接受……
4. deserve vt.值得;应得;应受(deserving adj.值得的;应得的)
deserve sth 值得/应得……
deserve doing/to be done
值得被……(此处用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义,类似用法的动词
还有:need、want、require等)
deserve it (口语)活该;自作自受
5. tune n.曲调;曲子 vt.调音;调节;调频道
·catchy/traditional tune
朗朗上口的/传统曲调
out of tune 走调;不一致
in tune 协调;一致;合调
change the tune 转变态度
·tune a piano/guitar 给钢琴/吉他调音
tune in (to sth) 收听;收看
tune…out 不理睬;思想开小差
tune (sth) up 调音;定弦
since引导原因状语从句
There is no equipment, and since there isn’t even a
washroom, if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a
basin! 这里没有设备,甚至连洗手间都没有。如果需要用水,我
得用盆子从我的房子里端来!
·since用作连词,可引导原因状语从句,意为“因为;既然”,侧重于
表示已知的事实;也可引导时间状语从句,意为“自从……以来”,主
句谓语动词为延续性动词,且多用现在完成时。
·since作介词,意为“从……以来;自……以后”,后接名词或代词。
·since作副词,意为“从那时以后;后来”。
观察下面的句子,并感知短语的用法。
1. I’ve been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it’s
always nice to get mail!
2. The mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!
3. Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled
forehead, led us to his house.
4. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau
(sweet potato), ripe corn, and greens.
5. Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill over the
fire.
6. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged
ourselves down the mountain towards home.
1. 概念
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从
形式结构角度划分,英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短
语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的
句法功能类似。比如,名词短语与名词功能相似,在句中主要充当主
语、宾语;介词短语主要充当定语、状语、补语。例如:
He failed to get the first prize in the match.
在这个句子中,the first prize是名词短语作宾语,in the match是介词短
语作状语。
2. 几类短语的具体用法
(1)名词短语(NP)
我们班最明显的问题是缺少互动和协作。
Oceans play a key role in our world.(作宾语)
海洋在我们的世界中扮演着关键的角色。
It is my firm belief that only with joint efforts can we have a better
tomorrow.(作表语)
我坚信,只有共同努力,我们才能有一个更美好的明天。
The most obvious problem in our class is lack of interaction and
teamwork.(作主语)
(2)动词短语(VP)
动词短语是指由动词和对它进行修饰、限制或补充说明的成分构成的短
语,其基本构成为:
①动词+副词
break out
(战争、打斗等不愉快事件)突然开始;爆发
break off折断;断开;中断
break down出故障;失败;坏掉
put away将……收起
look back回顾
turn up偶然出现;到达
give up放弃
②动词+介词
bring about引起
look into调查
get over克服
insist on执意继续做
stick to坚持
talk about谈论
think about考虑;打算
care about关心
set about开始做;着手做
look after照料
③动词+副词+介词
look up to(尤指对年长者)敬仰;钦佩;仰慕
look down on/upon 瞧不起;轻视
look forward to期待;盼望
add up to总计为
keep away from远离;勿靠近
keep up with赶上
date back to追溯到
④动词+名词+介词
catch sight of忽然看到
make use of利用
pay attention to注意
make sense of理解;弄懂
take care of关心;照顾
get the hang of掌握……的要领
(3)形容词短语(AdjP)
形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。
①两个或多个形容词可以由and、 but等并列连词连接,构成形容词
短语。
Thirsty and hungry, she went into the restaurant and seated herself at
a little table.(作状语)
又渴又饿,她走进饭店,在一张小桌旁坐了下来。
②very等程度副词作修饰语时,可与形容词构成形容词短语。
He was late again, which made his teacher very angry.(作宾补)
他又迟到了,这使他的老师很生气。
③介词及其宾语可用在形容词后修饰形容词,可与形容词构成形容
词短语。
Some of us like to have snacks; some others are particular about food;
and still some eat or drink too much.(作表语)
我们中的一些人喜欢吃零食,有些人对食物很挑剔,还有一些人吃得太
多或喝得太多。
Although slow and unsure of her steps, the woman moved with
deliberation,and there was no hesitation in her gestures.(作状语)
尽管行动缓慢,脚步不稳,但这位女士走得很从容,她的动作中没有丝
毫犹豫。
④不定式在形容词后作修饰语时,可与形容词构成形容词短语。
The little girl who was once afraid to make eye contact is now a
confident, funny young lady who would talk your ear off.(作表语)
那个曾经不敢眼神交流的小女孩现在成了一个自信的、有趣的年轻女
士,她会喋喋不休地说个没完。
(4)副词短语(AdvP)
副词短语是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语,在句中主要作
状语。
①两个或多个副词可以由and、 but等并列连词连接,构成副词短语。
It’s probably good for you to get some criticism now and then.
偶尔受点批评或许对你有好处。
②very、 extremely、 clearly等程度副词作修饰语时,可与其他副词构
成副词短语。
Equally importantly, we should develop a good habit of living.
同样重要的是,我们应该养成一种良好的生活习惯。
③其他类型的副词短语。
I was so deeply moved that I couldn’t fall asleep deep into the night.
我是如此感动,以至于在深夜都无法入睡。
(5)介词短语(PrepP)
介词短语是介词和其他代词、名词或词组搭配构成的短语,在句中作状
语、表语、补语、定语等。
①介词+名词
at the door在门口
into the bag放进袋子里
in the car在车里
②介词+代词
for me就我来说
of others其他人的
③介词+介词短语
from behind the door从门后
from under the desk从桌子下面
④介词+副词
from below从下面
⑤with复合结构
with the light on开着灯
1. 请写出下列画线短语的类型及其所充当的成分
(1)He could only understand a word here and there.
(2)Don’t fall for(=Don’t be attracted by) her beauty.
副词短语作状语
名词短语作宾语
(3)We need to build a factory twice larger than this one.
形容词短语作后置定语
(4)New office buildings are going up everywhere.
(5)Most of the boys in my class like playing football.
(6)We found everything in the lab in good order before doing the
experiment.
名词短语作主语
动词短语作宾语
介词短语作后置定语
2. 单句语法填空
(1)I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens
out down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)
(2)The next morning he hired a boat and set to find the well-
known painter.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷)
(3)You have to organise the activities of the children and take care
the bills and groceries.(2020·浙江7月卷改编)
and
out
of
(4)I didn’t feel as though I needed to keep up anybody else.
(5)I’m proud that my family remained clear-headed when panic could
have led to a very (difference) outcome.
(6)I was pleased (be) there and felt honoured (be) a
part of the group.
(7)He runs (extreme) fast.
(8)The world’s population is likely to peak 9.7 billion in 2064.
with
different
to be
to be
extremely
at
3. 补全句子
(1)Thanks to his efforts , our
neighbourhood has been .
多亏他在危机防控方面做的努力,才使得我们社区状况良好。
(2)This time he of art that hung from
the ceiling and walls.
这一次,他注意到了挂在天花板和墙上的所有艺术品。
in crisis prevention and control
in a good state
paid attention to all the works
(3) , he got up at six and took a walk in the park.
不管下雨还是天晴,他总是六点起床,在公园里散步。
(4)We had to postpone the school sports meeting
.
因为大雨我们不得不推迟学校运动会。
(5)He will have to find some other work, for he can’t
any more.
他必须找其他工作,因为他再也无法忍受这么大的噪声。
Wet or fine
because of the heavy
rain
put up with
this loud noise
本单元的写作任务是写演讲稿。演讲稿是参加会议者为了在会议或
重要活动上表达自己的意见、看法或汇报思想、工作情况而事先准备好
的文稿。演讲稿分为欢迎辞、欢送辞、毕业致辞等。也可以就某个话题
发表自己的感想(保护校园环境、关注青少年的身体健康等),竞选某个
岗位(如学生会主席)等。具体写作结构如图所示:
1. 开头句
(1)It is my great honour to deliver a speech on…on behalf of…
我很荣幸代表……就……发表演讲。
(2)It is a great privilege for me to stand here, sharing my opinions
about…
我很荣幸能站在这里,分享我对……的看法。
(3)I am honoured to have this precious chance to speak here on such a
special occasion.
我很荣幸有这个宝贵的机会在这个特殊的场合发言。
(4)I’m more than honoured to speak here and share my ideas with
you.The topic of my speech is…
我非常荣幸在这和大家分享我的想法。我演讲的主题是……
(5)I want to share with you how the…has had an impact/influence on our
life.
我想和大家分享……是如何影响我们的生活的。
2. 中间句
(1)When it comes to (doing) sth…
说到(做)某事……
(2)First and foremost,…Moreover,…Last but not least,…
首先……此外……最后但同样重要的是……
(3)It is… that…正是……才……
(4)Not only…but also…不但……而且……
(5)Never will you regret if you…
如果你……,你永远不会后悔。
3. 结尾句
(1)In short, I’m strongly believed that only if we…, can we…Thank
you for your listening!
总之,我坚信只有我们……,我们才能……。感谢大家的聆听!
(2)In short, I’d like to stress the importance of doing…That’s all I
want to say about this point.Thank you for your attention!
简而言之,我想强调做……的重要性。关于这一点,我想说的就是这
些。感谢大家的关注!
(3)Thank you from the bottom of my heart for giving me this chance to
speak to you today.
今天由衷地感谢大家给我在这演讲的机会。
(4)I hope what is mentioned above might be helpful to you! Thank you
for your listening!
我希望上面提到的对你们有帮助!感谢聆听!
1. 包裹n. 裹好;打包vt.
2. 果酱;堵塞n.
3. 邮件;信件;邮政n. 邮寄;发电邮给vt.
4. 中学的;次要的adj.
5. 黏土;陶土n.
6. 沙土;灰尘 n. 擦灰vt.&vi.
parcel
jam
mail
secondary
clay
dust
7. 杂草;野草n. 除杂草vt.&vi.
8. 合唱曲;合唱团n. 合唱;齐声说vt.
9. 棉布;棉花n.
weed
chorus
cotton
10. 校服;制服n. 一致的;统一的adj.
11. 平板电脑;便笺本;药片n.
12. 橡皮;黑板擦;橡胶n.
13. 企盼;祈祷vi.&vt.
14. 死板的;固执的adj.
uniform
tablet
rubber
pray
rigid
tube
circus
chemist
15. 管子;管状物n.
16. 马戏团n.
17. 化学家;药剂师;药房n.
18. 给……遮挡(光线);加灯罩;把……涂暗vt. 阴凉处;灯罩;阴影部
分n.
19. 颌;下巴n.
shade
jaw
20. (使脸上)起皱纹;皱起vt.&vi. 皱纹n.
21. 额;前额n.
22. 住房;住宅n.
23. 平台;站台;舞台n.
24. 茶碟;杯托n.
25. (烧水用的)壶;水壶n.
26. 平底锅;烤盘n.
27. 成熟的;时机成熟的adj.
wrinkle
forehead
housing
platform
saucer
kettle
pan
ripe
28. 拖;拽vt. 缓慢而费力地移动vt.&vi.
29. 封堵;补足vt. 堵塞物;插头;插座 n.
30. 有残疾的;丧失能力的adj.
31. 辞职;辞去vi.&vt.
32. 值得;应得;应受vt.
33. 情况;信息;投入;输入n. 输入vt. .
34. 曲调;曲子n. 调音;调节;调频道vt. .
drag
plug
disabled
resign
deserve
input
tune
35. 感染(疾病);与……订立合同(或契约)vt. 合同;契约
n.
36. 巡回;环形线路n.
37. 缺陷;障碍n.
38. 咨询;咨询会n.
39. 稳定(性);稳固(性)n.
40. 转发;转播vt. 接力赛;接班的人n.
contract
circuit
disability
consultation
stability
relay
41. 标准;准则;原则n.
42. bubble
43. hut
44. fireplace
45. jar
46. grill
47. doorway
48. leftover
criterion
起泡;沸腾
简陋的小屋子(或棚、舍)
壁炉
罐子;坛子
烤架;烤肉餐馆
门口;出入口;门道
吃剩的;残留的;吃剩的食物;遗留物
49. handshake
50. privilege
51. lately
52. grant
53. cardiac
54. hypothetical
握手
优惠待遇;特权
最近;不久前;近来
同意;准许;拨款
心脏病的;心脏的
假设的;假定的
1. 渴望做……
2. 准备好
3. 齐声;异口同声
4. 更不用说;且不说
5. 适应
6. 对……严格;僵化
7. 对……有责任感
8. 偶然发现;偶然遇见
9. 老实说;说实话
be dying to do
be ready to
a chorus of
not to mention
adapt to
be rigid about
feel responsible for
come across
to be honest
10. 有影响;起作用
11. 和……有(亲戚)关系
12. 伸出;探出
13. (使)变干;(使)干透
14. 干涸;枯竭
15. 参与
16. 值得
17. 有……的需要
18. 动身去……
19. 除了……
make a difference
be related to
stick out
dry out
dry up
participate in
be worth
in need of
leave for
except for
20. 听说
21. 认为(……)是理所当然;对(……)不予重视
22. 从事
23. 在……之前
24. 但愿
hear about
take (…) for granted
work on
prior to
pray that
25. 转达给……;转发给……
26. 为……骄傲
27. 支持……
relay to
be proud of
be supportive of
1. ……我一直很想吃我最喜欢的糖果,而且收到邮件总是很好的!
have some of my favourite sweets,
and !
2. 沿着布满杂草、尘土飞扬的小路步行去学校只需几分钟。
.
…I’ve been dying to
it’s always nice to get mail
It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track
covered in weeds
3. 那儿没有电,没有自来水,甚至没有课本,更别提笔记本电脑、平
板电脑或者别的现代化设备!
, ,
laptops, tablets, or other modern devices!
4. 科学对于我来说是最具挑战性的科目,因为我的学生没有做实验的
概念。
.
There’s no electricity
running water or even textbooks
not to mention
Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept
of doing experiments
5. 前几天,我给孩子们看一个化学实验,不知不觉中,混合物冒着泡
从试管里冒出来, 溅得到处都是!
,
,
!
The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when
before I knew it
the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube
spilling everywhere
6. 老实说,我怀疑我是否对这些孩子的生活产生了任何影响。
,
.
To be honest
I doubt whether I’m making any difference to
these boys’ lives at all
7. 我和另一位老师走了两个半小时才到达那里——首先,我们爬上了
一座山,从那里我们欣赏到了秀丽的景色,然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小
路走到了下面的山谷。
Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—
first, , and
then .
up a mountain from where we had fantastic views
down a shaded path to the valley below
8. 汤贝的父亲慕卡普是一个下巴宽厚、前额长满了皱纹的男人,他带
我们去他的房子,那是一个低矮的、圆形的、没有窗户的竹屋,只有一
扇刚好够一个人穿过的门,屋顶上长满了草——这表明这是一个男人的
房子。
Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man
, , a low, round bamboo hut with
no windows, ,
and —this shows it is a man’s
house.
with a strong jaw and a wrinkled
forehead
led us to his house
with a door just big enough to get through
with grass sticking out of the roof
9. 我喜欢听这一家人轻声交谈,尽管我无法过多地参与其中。
to each other in their
language,
.
10. 和汤贝一家人度过了一天,真是荣幸。
with Tombe’s family.
I loved listening to the family talking softly
even though I could not participate much in the
conversation
It was such a privilege to have spent a day
11. 最近,我们在电视上看到许多远在世界各地的中国人正在帮助其他
国家发展。
Lately, all of us
, .
12. 有些人可能会问:“值得吗?中国还有许多需要发展的领域,为什
么还要帮助外国人呢?”
And some people may ask, “ ?
?”
have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in
the world
helping other countries to develop
Is it worth it
Why help people
overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of
development
13. 所以我很不高兴,因为她甚至都没有征求我的意见就走了。
So .
I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input
14. 并且,虽然这个国家非常美丽,有很多自然资源,但当地许多居民
相当贫穷,那些生活中我们认为理所当然的东西,如电、自来水、汽
车、良好的交通系统和超市,他们都没有。
And,
, many of the people are quite poor and
, such as electricity, running water, cars and
good transport systems, and supermarkets.
while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural
wealth
live without things
we take for granted
15. 在此之前,如果坦桑尼亚人有心脏病,需要手术,他们就必须
出国。
, if a Tanzanian
, .
16. 现在,不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了医院的救助,邻国的人们也得到
了救助。
Now, Tanzanians ,
.
Prior to this
had a heart condition and needed
surgery
they would have to go abroad
not only are
helped by the hospital
but
people in neighbouring countries are helped as well
17. 今天我想告诉你们的是,我为我妈妈所做的工作感到骄傲,我现在
也非常支持她的工作。
Today, I want to
, and .
relay to you that I’m proud of the work my
mother has done
I am now supportive of it
18. 既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多重要,我下定决心,以后也要做一
名志愿者,去帮助其他国家的人。
, .
Now that I understand how important my mother’s work is
I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands
基础词汇 拓展词汇 1 dust n. 沙土;
灰尘 vi.& vt. 擦
灰 adj.
布满灰尘的;灰
暗的 n.
打扫;清除灰
尘 n.
抹布;掸子
2 weed n. 杂草;
野草 vt.& vi. 除
杂草 adj.
杂草丛生的;瘦
弱的
n. 除草剂 /
dusty
dusting
duster
weedy
weedkiller
基础词汇 拓展词汇 3 rigid adj. 死板
的;固执的 n.
僵硬;严格
adv. 僵硬地;
严格地 rigour n. 艰
苦;谨慎
4 chemist n. 化学
家;药剂师;药
房
n. 化学;物质化
学的组成
adj. 化学的;
化学作用的
adv. 化学上;以化学方法
rigidity
rigidly
chemistry
chemical
chemically
基础词汇 拓展词汇 5 shade vi. 给……
遮挡(光线);加
灯罩;把……涂
暗 n. 阴凉处;
灯罩;阴影部分 adj.
阴凉的;可疑的 n.
影子;阴暗处
adv.可疑地;
阴暗地
shady
shadow
shadily
基础词汇 拓展词汇 6 wrinkle vt.&vi.
(使脸上)起皱纹;皱起 n. 皱纹 adj. 有皱纹的
n. 老年adj. 有皱纹的 /
wrinkled
wrinkly
基础词汇 拓展词汇 7 housing n. 住
房;住宅 vt. 给某
人提供住处;收藏
n. 房子 adj. 无
住房的;无家可归
的;无栖身之处的 /
8 grill n. 烤架;
烤肉餐馆 adj. 烤
的;烧烤的 n.烤架;
平底锅 /
house
houseless
grilled
griller
基础词汇 拓展词汇 9 vt.
使伤残;使无效 disabled adj. 有残
疾的;丧失能力的 n. 缺
陷;障碍 /
10 resign vi.&vt. 辞职;辞去 n.
辞职;辞呈 adj. 逆
来顺受的;顺从的 /
disable
disability
resignation
resigned
基础词汇 拓展词汇 11 deserve vt. 值
得;应得;应受
adj.值得的;应
得的
adj.应得的;
当之无愧的
adv. 理所当然地;恰如其分地
12 adj. 接
近末期的;迟
到;晚年的 lately adv. 最
近;不久前;近
来 n. 迟到;晚 adv.
后来;以后
deserving
deserved
deservedly
late
lateness
later
基础词汇 拓展词汇 13 grant vt. 同意;
准许 n. 拨款
adv. 不错;的确 n.
受让人;受颁
赠者 /
14 consultation n.
咨询;咨询会 vi.&vt. 咨询;商议;请教
adj. 咨询的;顾问的 n. 顾问;会诊医师
granted
grantee
consult
consultative
consultant
基础词汇 拓展词汇 15 adj.
稳定的;牢固的 stability n. 稳定
(性);稳固(性)
vi.&vt. 使稳
定;稳固
n. 稳定装置;
稳定轮
16 pray vi.&vt. 企
盼;祈祷 n.
祈祷;祷告
adj. 虔诚的 /
stable
stabilise
stabiliser
prayer
prayerful
基础词汇 拓展词汇 17 n. 假设;假说 hypothetical adj.
假设的;假定的
adv. 假设地;假想地
vi.&vt. 假设;假定
18 ripe adj. 成熟
的;时机成熟的 n.
成熟;老练 vi.&vt. (使)成熟 /
hypothesis
hypothetically
hypothesise
ripeness
ripen
基础词汇 拓展词汇 19 contract vt. 感染(疾
病);与……订立合同
(或契约)n. 合同;契约
adj. 契约的;合
同的
n. 承包人;承包
商 /
contractual
contractor