【高考总复习】高考英语C词汇复习板块2

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
C4
cathedral
/k θi .dr l/ n.
Notre Dame Cathedral[ no tr de m k θi dr l]
A guide conducts tours of the cathedral every afternoon at 2.00.
339.cattle / k t. l/n.
(cow n.
bull/ox n.
calf n.
beef n.
steak n. )
Raging bull
愤怒的公牛
Buffalo Bill
水牛比尔
340.cause/k z/ n. / v.
1)cause and effect
因果关系
the root cause 根本原因
superficial cause 表面原因
accidents are still the number one cause of premature death.
2)no cause for anxiety
Everything has been all set for the meeting, there is no cause for anxiety,
3)fight for the communism cause
good cause
The Raleigh International Bike Ride is open to anyone who wants to raise money for a good cause.
v. cause sb to do sth
Do you know anything about the
events for example, what
causes them
The bright light caused her to
blink.
conj.cause =because
I try to practise my French every day,
cause I'm not very good at it.
caution/ k . n/ n. / v.
cautious/ k . s/ adj.
cautiously adv.
n.
1)with caution
The girls are afraid of the
snakes and they walked
long with extreme
caution.
a word of caution
只是句提醒
As it was her first offence,
she was only given a
caution.
v. caution sb against
(doing)sth
= caution sb not to do sth
caution +从句
The two men were
cautioned , but the police
guaranteed that they
would not be charged.
Please caution the
workers in advance to
handle the goods with
care.
adj. be cautious of /
about ....
cautious optimism
I am cautious about
making any promises.
The prime minister was
cautious optimism about
the GDP growth target
for 6.7%this year.
cease /si s/ n./v.
v.cease doing sth
cease to do sth
The company has decided to cease all UK operations after
this year.
Whether the protests will
cease remains to be seen.
n. Gaza ceasefire deal
without cease
sign the ceasefire deal
The bells started ringing at
midday and continued,
without cease, till sunrise.
343.ceiling / si .l / n.
sailing / se .l /
The rooms were spacious, with
tall windows and high ceilings...
2)a ceiling game
They have imposed/set a
ceiling on pay rises.
They agreed on a spending
ceiling over
the next five years of between 1.2% to1.3%.
n. One day , I will go sailing with my lover.
celebrate
/ sel. .bre t/ v.
celebration
/ sel· bre · n/ n.
v.
1)The whole village came out to celebrate
his return from the war.
A movie celebrating the life and work
of Matin Luthur King.
n. Queen platinum jubilee celebration
女王白金喜年庆祝（女王登基七十周年）
With red flags fluttering everywhere in
celebration of the festival,
the Square looked truly
magnificent.
celebrated adj.
a celebrated city
a celebrated opera singer
a celebrated novelist
celebrity /s leb.r .ti/n
概念：名气 ，名望
人物：名人，名流，名星
Being recognized in the
street is part and parcel
of being a celebrity.
345. cell/sel/ n.
1)cell division
cell tissue /
blood cells/
cell biology /
stem cell
2)cell phones
Bees put honey into cells
of honeycomb.
3)Three prisoners were
sharing one small cell 3
meters by 2 meters.
4)That’s better. I was
suffocating in that cell
of the house.
5)solar cell / dry cell
cellar/ sel. r/ n.
root cellar 菜窖
Things are cooler and more damp as we
descend to the cellar.
He's got an impressively large
store of wine in his cellar.
cemetery / sem. .tri/
US / sem. .ter.i/n.
His father is buried in the cemetery on
the hill.
centigrade
/ sen.t .ɡre d/
=celsius
/ sel.si. s/ n.
40 degrees centigrade is the maximal
temperatureat which this chemical
reaction will occur.
certain / s .t n/ adj.
certainly adv.
certainty n.
uncertain adj.
uncertainty n.
adj.
I had lunch today with a
certain George Michael
- not the George Michael, I should explain.
2)be certain =be sure
be certain of / about sth
be certain to do sth
make certain that ...
to know / to say for certain
He was quite certain
about/of his attacker's
identity.
You should make certain
(that) everyone
understands
the instructions.
I don't know for certain if she's coming.
ceramic /s r m. k/ n
This represents the
highest achievement of
Chinese ceramics.
ceremony
/ ser. .m .ni/ us
/ ser. .m .ni/ n.
ceremonial
/ ser. m .ni. l/ adj. / n.
n.
graduation ceremony
Wedding ceremony
attend the ceremony
adj. The queen, in full
ceremonial dress,
presided over the
ceremony.
in ceremonial
351.certificate
/s t f. .k t/ n.
a birth/death certificate
marriage certificate
certificate of competency
chain /t e n/ n. / v.
n. 1)bicycle chain
Put the chain on the door if you are alon
e in the house.
2)supply chain chain reaction
block chain
3)a chain of ....
His resignation was followed by a
remarkablechain of events.
4)break away from the chains of the tradition
口 脱钩断链
Unhooking and chain breaking
v. It's so cruel to keep a pony chained up
like that all the time.
chalk /t k/
us /t ɑ k/ n.
chalk and cheese
as pale as chalk
We are very aware of
our differences, we
accept that we are
chalk and cheese.
Drawing diagrams with
chalk on the blackboard.
353.challenge
/ t l. nd /n. / v.
challenger n.
challenging
/ t l. nd / adj.
n. Finding a solution to this
problem is one of the
greatest challenges faced
by scientists today.
v.challenge sb
challenge sb to do sth
Children challenge their
parents' authority
far more nowadays than
they did in the past.
adj.
a challenging and
exciting job that will
offer you the freedom to
develop your
skills.
champion
/ t m.pi. n/ n./v.
championship
/ t m.pi. n. p/ n.
n.
we are the champions
附歌词
2)He was once known as a champion of
social reform.
v. He championed the
cause of human
rights for many
years.
n.锦标赛，冠军赛
This season I expect
us to retain the
championship and
win the European
Cup.
chance/t ɑ ns/
us /t ns/ n. / v./adj.
n.
Most refugee doctors never get the
chance to practice medicine in British
hospitals...
2)by chance
= by accident
←→ on purpose
=by design
The pair met often — at first by chance
but later by design.
3)by any chance
（用于询问或礼貌地请求）也许，可能
Will you fall in love with the guy,
by any chance
4)take a chance on
(doing )sth
=take a risk of doing
sth
冒险，碰运气
口I will take my chances
我要碰下运气
I want you to take a chance and trust
me.
你大可冒险相信我一次。
I'm delivering my work by hand - I'm
not taking any chances.
口
再给我一次机会（见歌词）
v.
1)chance on / upon sb/
sth
chance to do sth
A man I chanced to
meet proved to be a
most unusual
character...
I chanced on my old
love letters in the
drawer.
(口）
chance your arm
冒险一试
Andy knew the risks. I cannot believe he
would have chanced
it...
You'd be a fool to
chance your life
savings on a single
investment.
adj. a chance encounter
change/t e nd / n. / v.
changeable
/ t e n.d .b l/
adj.
unchangeable
/ n t e n.d .b l/ adj.
v.
1)I almost didn't
recognize her -
she'd changed so much.
2)I had to change (trains) twice to get there.
3)change A for B
Could you change a
10 note (for two fives),
please
n.
1)a change for the better 好转
2)keep the change
不用找零了
adj.His moods are very
changeable.
channe/ t n. l/l n.
(4个“道”: 频道
(与液休运输有关的：管道，航道，渠道/）
----引申：做某事的渠道，途
径，方法
movie channel /
sports channel /
satellite channel /
cable channel
Clear water gushed into the
irrigation channel.
The boats all have
to pass through this
narrow channel.
The government will surely
use the diplomatic channels available to extend
the international influence.
4)the English Channel
英吉利海峡
C5
chant/t ɑ nt/ us
/t nt/ n. / v.
n.The crowd broke into
chants “out “out “
v.
1)Worldly people chant the
name of God, but there is no zeal behind it.
We could hear the
monks chanting.
chaos/ ke . s/ us
/ ke .ɑ s/ n. chaotic
/ke ɑt · k/ adj.
n. in chaos
chaos theory
Snow and ice have
caused chaos on the
roads.
adj.The traffic in the city is
chaotic in the rush hour.
chapter / t p.t r/ n.
Read Chapter 10 before
class tomorrow.
The book has exercises at
the end of every chapter.
The period before the
revolution is an
interesting chapter in
British history.
character
/ k r. k.t r/ n.
(见字如见人:
文字--人物--性格）
OOC:t行为异化
“不符合个性，预料不及”
OOC通常被分为两种情况：一、在进行角色扮演（RP）活动时，脱离所扮演的角色，做出和世界背 景
和角色定位相脱离的言行，破坏角色扮演氛围的行为。二、在同人文学创作中，扭曲人物性格，使人物完全脱离原型，说出原角色不可能说出的话，做出原角色不可能做的事，即作出角色不大符合人设甚至完全脱离人设的行为。而就一般而言，OOC通常指后者。
1)Chinese characters
It is especially difficult for the
foreigners to learn
Chinese characters.
2)character of the year
Deng Xiao Ping is one of the
greatest characters in
the last century.
3)character building
性格塑造
Perhaps there is a negative side
to his character that you haven't seen yet...
characteristic
/ k r. k.t r s.t k/ adj. / n.
adj.The herbal has a
characteristic taste
and odour.
n. Socialism with
Chinese
characteristics
The need to
communicate is the
key characteristic
of human society.
charge/t ɑ d / n. / v.
←→ discharge
/d s t ɑ d / n. / v.
n.
1)free of charge
There's an admission charge of 5.
2)criminal charges
murder charge /
release sb without
charge
in charge of
(charge nurse )
In the charge of
take charge of sb/ sth
He took charge of the farm after his father’s death.
The black nanny was in charge of the smaller children.
=The smaller children were in the charge of the black nanny.
be on charge
charger
(a phone charger)
Positive charge
negative charge
v. charge v. 充/ 冲
（充满，充值，充电）
（冲鸭）
discharge v. 排、放
1)be charged with ...
The room is charged with hatred. We’d better leave now.
2)Alex had forgotten to
charge the mobile phone battery.
3) charge sb for sth
Do you think the history museum should charge for the admission
4)sb be charged with
使承担责任
The committee is charged with managing the school within it budget .
5)He came charging up the stairs to
tell me the good news.
The violence began when the police
charged (at) a crowd of demonstrators.
6)be charged with=be accused of
Police have charged Mr Bell with murder.
Several people were arrested , but nobody was charged now.
小结
be charged with----discharge from
1)充满（某情绪）----排放，排出，分泌出（某物）
2)被控 （某罪责）----释放，允许离开
3)承担（某责任）----履行（某责任与义务）
discharge
/d s t ɑ d / n./v.
n.
1)They develop a fever and
a watery discharge
from their eyes...
2)a discharge from …..
After five days’ medication, Kate got the discharge
from the hospital.
3)a discharge of one’s debts / duties
履行某人的债务、责任
In order to have a discharge of his debts within one month, he had to sell off his housing and something valuable .
v.
1)The oil that discharged
into the sea seriously
harmed a lot of birds and animals.
discharge sb from….
be discharged from hospital
--be admitted to hospital
He was discharged from the police force because of bad conduct.
3)discharge one’s responsibilities
duties /
obligations
discharge one’s debt
charm/t ɑ m/ n. /v.
charming/ t ɑr·m / adj.
→charmless
/ t ɑ m.l s/ adj.
n.
1)charm=attractiveness
prince charming
白马王子
charm offensive
魅力攻势
charm school
礼仪学校
2)charm =spell
They cross their fingers and spit over
their shoulders as charms against the evil
eye.
3)a lucky charm
a charm bracelet
v. He even charmed Mrs Prichard, carrying her shopping and flirting with the fairy lady .
adj.Not only had she found the highest paying
job of her career, but she'd also accepted
a date with the most charming men
she'd ever met.
366.chart /t ɑ t/ n.
1) bar chart
flow chart
pie chart
2)the charts
The album went through into
the charts
at number 1.
区分：table /
graph/
diagram/
chart
有横、纵列的叫table，为表格
multiplication table
图形与数据间的关系叫graph曲线图
the graph of the patient’s temperature
diagram 叫图解构造，示意图
chase /t e s/n. / v.
chaser n.
1)The police car was going
so fast, it must have been
chasing someone.
2)After years of chasing her
dreams, she finally
got a part in a film.
3)She's always chasing
(after) men.
n. a tedious movie with
endless car/police chases
n.
368.check n. / v.
v.
You should always check
your oil, water, and tyres before taking your
car on a long trip.
=to stop someone from doing or
saying something, or to
prevent something from
increasing or continuing
They have begun to vaccinate
children in an attempt to
check the spread of the disease.
I got my boarding pass and
checked my suitcase.
It was hot so we checked our
coats before going round
the gallery.
Check (off) each item on the list
as you complete it.
in the game of chess, to put the
Other player's king under
direct attack, so that
he or she is forced
to defend against
the attack in the next move
（国际象棋）攻王棋，将军
n.
1) security check
2)keep sth in check 控制
We need to find ways of keeping our expenditure in check.
3)Can I have the check(cheque), please
369.check 短语
check in ---check out
check on----check off
check in v.
check-in n.
v.
(机场）办理登机手续，
（酒店）办理入住手续，
(医院）办理挂号手续，
（公司）新手报到
2)check in with sb
（通过打电话、拜访等确认或报告某人是否无恙）取得联系，查看；报平安
My son checks in regularly wit
me when he's travelling.
n. check-in time
check-in counter
check-in desk
2)check out v.
checkout n.
v.
1)He packed and check out of the hotel.
2)check out =confirm
The local police found out that his story didn’t check out.
n. At checkout ,your bill will be printed for you .
3)check on sb/ sth
check up on sb/sth
检查，核查，督查
I check on our elderly
neighbour every few days to make sure that he's alright.
4)check sth off
逐一核对;逐一检查;清点
He checked off their names on the list as they got on the bus.
cheek/t i k/ n.
cheeky / t i .ki/ adj.
cheek to cheek
脸贴脸
n.
1)The tears ran down her cheeks.
2)what a cheek 臭不要脸的
She's got some cheek to
take your car without asking.
adj. You have got far too cheeky.
The boy was cheeky and
casual.
(这个男孩嘻皮笑脸、随随
便便。)
You’re getting far too
cheeky!
(你太放肆了！ )
cheese /t i z/ n.
cheese cake
chef / ef/ n.
That was an excellent meal! My
compliments to the chef.
chemical
/ kem. .k l/adj. /n.
chemically adv.
Chemistry
/ kem. .stri/ n.
chemist
/ kem. st/ n.
adj. chemical rain
chemical industry
n. the chemist’s = drugstore
回顾语法：
具体从事某职业的人+’s
可以表示某类店铺
at the doctor’s
在医院
at the butcher’s
在肉店
at the grocer’s
在杂货铺
at the florist’s
在花店
374.chest /t est/ n.
The bullet hit him in the chest.
口
hold/keep/play your cards close to your chest
守口如瓶；秘而不宣
get sth off your chest
倾吐心里的烦恼；吐出心事；一吐为快
2)a medicine chest
a treasure chest
chew /t u / v.
(chewing gum )
The steak was tough and hard to chew.
chief /t i f/ n. / adj.
chiefly adv.
n.
editor -in -chief
A new chief of the security
forces has just been
appointed.
Chief , if nothing happens,
we could get back home.
adj.
CEO:
Chief Executive Officer
/t i f/ / ɡ zek.j .t v / f. .s r/
CFO:
Chief Financial Officer
/t i f/ /fa n n. l// f. .s r/
COO :
Chief operating officer
CTO:
Chief Technology Officer
chimney / t m.ni/ n.
The chimney was puffing out clouds
of smoke.
378.chip /t p/
1）a self-developed AI chip
2）a bargaining chip
chips in the casino
3）burgers and chips
4）wood chips 木屑
C6
choose/t u z/ v.
chooser n.
choice/t s/ n./adj.
v. choose -chose -chosen
Danny, come here and choose your ice cream.
n. At lunchtime, there's a choice between the buffet or the set menu.
adj. choice beef
the choicest
chocolates
n.beggars can’t be choosers
饥不择食
口 有就不错了
379.choose 短语：
1)choose for ...
I chose Charlie for my assistant.
2)can’t choose but do sth
I can’t choose but attend the party.
3)choose to do sth
=decide to do sth
Katie chose to (decided to )stay away from the dangerous work.
380.choice 短语：
1)make a choice between A and B
Women were forced to make a choice between family and career.
2)have no choice but to do sth
It means you have no choice but to get on with people and be with the other staff.
3)by choice
I can assure you that the decision was not by choice.
choir/kwa r/ n.
church choir
choir rehearsal
chorus/ k .r s/
←→solo/ s .l /
→a mixed chorus
1)He sings with the Los Angeles Gay Men's
Chorus.
2) a chorus of
in chorus
They burst into a chorus of
(= they sang the song) Happy Birthday.
Almost at the same time , all the children answered in chorus “Yes”.
choke /t k/ v. / n.
choked adj.
v. Choke :卡喉咙，
卡马桶
1)choke on sth
Very small toys can
choke a baby.
He was choking on a
piece of toast.
2) be choked with sth
The village's roads are
choked with traffic...
3)choke up
(因情绪激动）哽咽
choke out
(因情绪激动）哽咽说出
His voice was choking
with despair.
He choked up when
talking about his
mother.
“I hate you .”She
choked out.
n. (汽车、卡车等的)阻气门
The choke in a car,
truck, or other vehicle
is a device that
reduces the amount of
air going into the
engine and makes it
easier to start.
cholera / k l. r. / n.
Christ/kra st/ n. Christian/ kr s.t n/ n./adj. Christmas/ kr s.m s/n.
n.Christ will come to help us overcome the
difficulties.
His Christian belief is
central to his life.
Missionary spread the
christian region.
My daughter says she
wants a mobile phone
for Christmas.
386.church /t t /n.
go to church
387.cigar/s ɡɑ r/ n.
cigarette/ s ɡ. r et/ us / s ɡ. .ret/n.
tobacco/t b k. /
circle
/ s .k l/ n./v.
circular
/ s .kj .l r/ adj.
圆圈---小圈子
n.
1)terms about geometry
circle/ s .k l/ semicircle
/ sem.i s .k l/
radius
/ re .di. s/
diameter
/da m. .t r/
Circumference
/s k m.f r. ns/
arch /ɑ t /
chord /k d/ )
2)circle of friends
She's not one of my close circle of friends.
She is well -known in the theatrical circle .
The subject was never discussed outside the family circle.
v.
circle around over /
above sb/ sth
The birds circled
around in the sky.
2)Spelling mistakes are circled in the red ink.
adj.Place your hands on
your shoulders and
move your elbows
up, back, and down,
in a circular motion。
circuit/ s .k t/ n.
特征：一个闭环
1)make a circuit of ...
The earth takes a year to make a circuit of the sun.
The race ended with
eight laps of the city
center circuit.
2)circuit board
circuit breaker
3)a circuit judge 巡回法官
a circuit court 巡回法庭
lecture circuit 巡回讲学
tennis circuit
(tennis championship)
circulate
/ s .kj .le t/ v. circulation
/ s .kj le . n/ n.
v.
1)blood circulating
through the body .
2)Gossip tends to
circulate quickly.
3)All the papers will be
circulated among the
members.
4)I will get you some
drink , then I will have to circulate at the
party.
n. 1)blood circulation
2)in circulation
out of circulation
The coins were out of circulation.
3)The Daily News once had the highest
circulation of any daily in the country...
Circumstance
/ s .k m.stɑ ns/
(一般用pl.
circumstances)
family circumstance
personal circumstances /
in / under ......circumstances
Obviously we can't
deal with the problem
until we know all the
circumstances.
The ship sank in
mysterious
circumstances.
Under the current
circumstances , it is
better not to tell him
the truth.
2)in / under no
circumstances
Under no
circumstances should you lend any money
to Paul.
3)In / under any
circumstances
Don’t open the door to
the strangers , in any
circumstances.
circus/ s .k s/ n.
I want to see clowns
and elephants at
the circus.
The media circus
covering the trial
took over the
courthouse steps.
The American election
circus.
civil
adj.
1) civil unrest 内部骚乱
civil war 内战
The American civil war broke out between the North and the South in 1861.
2)平民的，民用的，民事的，
文职的
civil use 民用
civil defence 民防 ----civilian
civil law 民法
（criminal law 刑法 ）
civil liberty 公民自由
civil rights 公民权 ---citizen
civil servant 公民的仆人--公务员
civil government 文官政府
(military dictatorship 军事专制统治）
3)文明的
be civil to sb ----civilization
not have a civil word about sb
不会说某人一句好话
As visitors, the least we can do is be civil to the people in their own land.
His manner was civil, though not particularly friendly.
As for the ex-husband , she won’t have any civil words about him.
citizen / s t. .z n/ n.
civilian/s v l.j n/ n.
1)citizen means :a person
who is a member of a
particular country and
who has rights because
of being born there or
because of being given
rights, or a person who
lives in a particulartown or
city.
2)civilian means :a person
who is not a member of
the police or the armed
forces.
→He entered the United
States in 1988 as a
permanent resident
because of his marriage
to a U.S. citizen.
→programs available to both government employees
and civilians.
The army has been criticized for attacking the unarmed civilian population.
civilize/ s v. l.a z/ v.
civilization
/ s v. l.a ze . n/ n.
v. civilize +n.
...a comedy about a
man who tries to
civilize a woman
—but she ends up
civilizing him...
The girls in the class
tend to have a
civilizing influence on
the boys.
n. Maya civilization
Western civilization
Eastern civilization
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