人教版2019选择性必修二Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试B卷（含解析，含听力原文无音频）
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| 名称 | 人教版2019选择性必修二Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试B卷（含解析，含听力原文无音频） |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-27 00:00:00 | ||
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Unit 1 单元测试卷 B
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 ．Who supports human cloning
A ．The woman. B ．Lucy. C ．The man.
2 ．What does the man wish the robot could do
A ．Sing. B ．Dance. C ．Play chess.
3 ．When did Philo Farnsworth develop his original idea of sending pictures through the air
A ．In 1916. B ．In 1922. C ．In 1926.
4 ．What do the speakers think about the latest cell phones
A ．The camera systems are impressive.
B ．The devices lack advanced features.
C ．They are too big to fit in the pocket.
5 ．What is Ryan most excited about
A ．Online videos. B ．Virtual reality. C ．Phone applications.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、
试卷第 1 页，共 14 页
C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6 ．Why did scientists invent the robot
A ．To study seabirds. B ．To protect seabirds. C ．To accompany seabirds.
7 ．How did seabirds react to the robot
A ．They refused it. B ．They ignored it. C ．They accepted it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8 ．What are the speakers talking about
A ．Modern technologies.
B ．Teaching machines.
C ．Unemployment in the future.
9 ．Who does the housework at the woman’s mother’s house
A ．The maid. B ．Machines. C ．The woman’s mother.
10 ．What do the speakers agree about machine teachers
A ．They will replace human teachers.
B ．They are useful but not human.
C ．They are both artists and scientists.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11 ．What is the purpose of the tool
A ．To restore blind people’s vision.
B ．To give blind people perfect vision.
C ．To prevent blindness from happening.
12 ．What is in the glasses
A ．A computer chip. B ．A video camera. C ．A special pen.
13 ．What does the man say about the tool
A ．Its working process is very fast.
试卷第 2 页，共 14 页
B ．It can help people who are born blind.
C ．The glasses send pictures to people’s eyes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14 ．Where are the speakers
A ．In the company. B ．In the school. C ．In the hospital.
15 ．What are AI ethics (伦理) about according to the speakers
A ．Teaching AI to collect people’s data.
B ．Making sure AI can help with human jobs.
C ．Using AI in an accurate and responsible way.
16 ．What does the woman think is the key to building AI ethics
A ．Technology. B ．Skills. C ．Education.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17 ．What is the speaker’s job related to
A ．Medicine. B ．Wild animals. C ．Artificial intelligence.
18 ．What was the main goal of Project Skylark
A ．To create a system for healthcare.
B ．To open up possibilities of finance.
C ．To teach a machine to identify different birds.
19 ．What is the program MediScan used for
A ．Analyzing data. B ．Detecting diseases. C ．Producing reports.
20 ．What is the speaker’s attitude towards AI in general
A ．Worried. B ．Positive. C ．Unconcerned.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Winners of the Broadcom MASTERS
试卷第 3 页，共 14 页
Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.
Alaina Gassler
Alaina won the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize for the project of reducing blind spots in cars. She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle
because its large A-pillar (A 柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina. So she worked on and solved it.
Sidor Clare
Sidor won the $10,000 Marconi/Samueli Award for Innovation, an honor made by
Samueli’s generous donation of his 2012 Marconi Society Prize Award. She developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans wouldn’t be required to carry building materials with them in order to build there.
Alexis MacAvoy
Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health
Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance showed the most
promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health. She designed a water filter (过滤器) by using carbon to remove heavy metals from water.
Rachel Bergey
Rachel won the $10,000 Lemelson Award for Invention, awarded by The Lemelson
Foundation to a young inventor creating promising solutions to real-world problems. She
developed a trap made of tinfoil (锡纸) and netting for the spotted lanternfly, an invasive species causing damage to trees.
21 ．What is the purpose of Alaina Gassler’s invention
A ．To beautify vehicles. B ．To improve the safety of driving.
C ．To decorate the sidewalk for the blind. D ．To reduce the carbon released from cars.
22 ．Whose invention is related to human health
A ．Alaina Gassler’s. B ．Sidor Clare’s.
C ．Rachel Bergey’s. D ．Alexis MacAvoy’s.
23 ．What is the Broadcom MASTERS about
试卷第 4 页，共 14 页
A ．Art. B ．Sport. C ．Technology. D ．Education.
B
The outstanding biography portrays the life of the complicated Renaissance artist with
details. We come to see da Vinci as not only an inventor of musical instruments and early flying machines, but also a notebook keeper and vegetarian, who had trouble finishing many of the
projects and paintings he started.
Yet what is most thrilling is getting to know da Vinci the scientist. Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and, Isaacson argues, a genius. Da Vinci was fascinated with observing and
understanding phenomena in nature. He wanted to know about everything around him, in minute detail, Isaacson writes. He wondered about questions “most people over the age often no longer puzzle about”—for instance, how the tongue of a woodpecker works.
To learn about the world, da Vinci combined his own observations with experimentation.
Never formally schooled, “he preferred to induce from experiments rather than deduce from
theoretical principles,” Isaacson explains. He recorded his observations, looked for patterns among them, and then tested those patterns through additional observation and experimentation.
When he became fascinated with the idea that he could invent flying machines, he observed various birds and filled notebooks with the function and speed at which their wings flapped.
That’s why Isaacson calls da Vinci an exemplar of this scientific method. He goes on: “Galileo, born 112 years after Leonardo, is usually credited with being the first to develop this kind of
approach and is often regarded as the father of modern science.” There can be no doubt that this honor would have been bestowed on Leonardo da Vinci had he published his scientific writings during his lifetime.
Da Vinci’s emphasis on empirical observation also helped him improve his art. First, he
was able to use what he learned from looking at nature to paint and draw. His studies of the body, animals, motion, shadow and light, perspective and proportion helped him better understand what he was seeing in front of him, and render it in art more accurately and finely than anyone else of his time. Most importantly, his ability to connect art and science, helped him innovate in his work. Da Vinci made surprisingly diverse series of discoveries, including conceptualizing the helicopter
试卷第 5 页，共 14 页
and solar power and advancing knowledge about everything from the reproductive organs to
botany. This genius is also what drew Isaacson to Albert Einstein and Steve Jobs as subjects: They’re all innovators who were inspired by and drew connections between art and science.
“Leonardo da Vinci is the ultimate example of the main theme of my previous biographies: how the ability to make connections across disciplines-arts and sciences, humanities and
technology—is a key to innovation, imagination, and genius,” Isaacson writes. And this wonderful book is a reminder, in a time of increasingly narrow specialization and focus, that the methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci are as relevant as ever.
24 ．What made da Vinci a great artist
A ．Viewing the world from the perspective of science.
B ．Combining experimentation with theoretical principles.
C ．Attempting to know about the world like a child.
D ．Being filled with ambition to become an artist and inventor.
25 ．Why does Isaacson mention Galileo in the book
A ．To introduce his important findings.
B ．To memorize the father of modern science.
C ．To show the prejudice faced by da Vinci during his lifetime.
D ．To illustrate the significance of da Vinci’s research method.
26 ．Which of the following statements is true
A ．Da Vinci improved his art and drew more accurately by painting mostly in the natural world.
B ．The methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci can still apply to contemporary scientific research.
C ．Albert Einstein and Steve Jobs are as famous as da Vinci because they all have a talent for combining art with science.
D．Da Vinci failed to publish his scientific writing because the scientific method kept in it was too complicated to understand at that time.
27 ．What might be the best title for the passage
A ．How a Genius Changed the World
B ．The Features of Renaissance Art
C ．How Science Shaped His Art
试卷第 6 页，共 14 页
D ．The Comparison between Induction and Deduction
C
What were you doing when you were nine years old Making crafts from a Klutz book
Kicking around a soccer ball Designing a business plan to deal with plastic pollution and relieve childhood poverty Zymal Umar showed us the latter. The Pakistan’s youngest businesswoman has started a project entitled Zee Bags, which aims to reduce plastic pollution by providing an
environmentally-friendly alternative to plastic grocery bags.
When Zymal was on a shopping trip with her parents three years ago, she was shocked by the number of plastic bags on the streets. Depressed by the plastic pollution, she was reminded of the severe consequences our habits have on the environment. Then, she noticed a shopkeeper
handing out newspaper bags. And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act. Since then she has created beautiful, unique reusable newspaper bags for hundreds of customers.
It’s amazing to see this youngster using her brains and business skills for good. And she should certainly feel proud of the work she is doing. After all, plastic grocery bags are killing
thousands of marine animals every year through their contribution to plastic waste. According to The Earth Institute, over one trillion plastic bags are used worldwide annually—that’s about two million bags used per minute around the world.
And those bags certainly don’t disappear into thin air. Instead, they end up in our oceans,
putting approximately 700 marine species in danger of extinction due to the threat from pollution. And plastic bags are just one of the many forms of plastic trash that ends up in the oceans—in
fact, an astonishing 8. 8 million tons of this material make their way from land to the oceans every single year.
But with Zee Bags, we’re all empowered to make more thoughtful choices about our trash production. And Zymal’s amazingness doesn’t stop there—the profits from her sales go towards helping poor children.
28 ．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A ．How Zymal felt about her shopping trip.
B ．How Zymal learned about plastic pollution.
C ．How Zymal was received by the shopkeeper.
试卷第 7 页，共 14 页
D ．How Zymal was inspired to create her bags.
29 ．Why are figures mentioned in the third and fourth paragraphs
A ．To praise Zymal for her great efforts.
B ．To urge readers to stop using plastics.
C ．To stress the seriousness of plastic pollution.
D ．To show the rich knowledge of the author.
30 ．What can we infer about Zymal from the last paragraph
A ．She is amazing in every aspect of her life.
B ．She has concern for the disadvantaged.
C ．She urges everyone to be eco-friendly.
D ．She earns a lot of money from her business.
31 ．Which of the following best describes Zymal
A ．Caring. B ．Determined.
C ．Confident. D ．Optimistic.
D
More than a third of the world’s population lives in dry lands, areas that experience
significant water shortages. Engineers and scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas access clean drinking water.
They developed a low-cost gel film (凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the
driest bining two simple ingredients, cellulose and konjac gum, the gel is
inexpensive to produce. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry
climate. For those living in a climate with relative humidity (潮湿), one kilogram of gel can
collect up to 13 liters of water a day. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.
Previously, researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew, but that only serves areas with high humidity. Other attempts at pulling water from desert air are typically
energy-intensive and do not produce much. In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous
water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with
relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it
试卷第 8 页，共 14 页
can be moulded into a shape or size that best suits the user.
“This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.”
“This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author,
Youhong “Nancy” Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.” Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield,
making this technology a practicable solution to drought.
32 ．What do we know about the gel film from paragraph 2
A ．It can increase the humidity of the air.
B ．It can harvest drinking water from the air.
C ．It has been widely applied in desert areas.
D ．It costs lots of money and energy to produce.
33 ．Why does the author mention previous water harvesting methods in paragraph 3
A ．To prove the advantages ofthe new gel.
B ．To show the tough living conditions in dry regions.
C ．To state the process of manufacturing the new gel.
D ．To present the theory of water harvesting technologies.
34 ．What is Guihua Yu’s attitude towards the new water harvesting method
A ．Indifferent. B ．Skeptical.
C ．Disapproving. D ．Hopeful.
35 ．What will scientists plan to do next
A ．Develop a thicker gel. B ．Produce the gel on a large scale.
C ．Raise money for further research. D ．Teach people to make the gel at home.
第二节(共 5 小题:每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 12. 5 分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Scientists Make Amazing Paint Using Ideas from Nature
试卷第 9 页，共 14 页
The colors in most paints come from pigments(颜料)—colored things such as minerals,
metals or chemicals. But nature has another way to create color, called “structural color”.
Structural color comes from tiny shapes on the surfaces of things like wings, feathers or shells.
36 Now scientists have used nanotechnology(纳米技术)to make paint with structural color.
37 They were trying to create a special mirrored surface. But they found
super-small clumps of aluminum atoms(铝原子团块)on the surface. The researchers were upset because these small clumps messed up the mirror. Then they realized that the clumps made colors when light hit them. They decided to turn their discovery into paint.
All the color in the new paint comes from aluminum. There are tiny aluminum pieces and then even smaller nanoparticles(纳米颗粒)that create the colors. The nanoparticles don’t really produce the color. They simply reflect back a single color. 38
Because the new paint doesn’t have pigments, the paint is so light that it could reduce the amount of fuel used by planes and cars. 39 It would only take 1.3 kg of structural paint to do the same job.
40 In regular paints, pigments break down and fade over time. That’s not true for structural color. Once we paint something with structural color, it should stay for centuries.
What’s more, the new paint doesn’t heat up like regular paint. That’s true even for darker colors. The new paint can keep surfaces up to 16.6℃ cooler than normal paint. Using the paint on
buildings in cities could help cool cities and reduce the electricity spent on air. conditioning.
A ．The new paint has several other advantages.
B ．Structural paint could save as much money as possible.
C ．Researchers weren’t really planning on making paint.
D ．The size of them determines which color gets reflected.
E ．Generally, it takes about 500 kg of paint to cover an airplane.
F ．Normally, we never see the shapes because they’re so small.
G ．It will probably be a while before you can use structural color.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
试卷第 10 页，共 14 页
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Creativity at Work
“People will soon get tired of staring at a plywood box every night.”— Daryl F. Zanuck, head of 20th Century Fox, commenting on television in 1946.
The need for creativity is changing how the workplace is organized and what people do.
These changes centre on the use and of information: the basis for ideas. A company’s
future depends upon how well it , interprets, and acts upon information. Today the spread of information technologies —including computers and data bases— is a sea of change
in the business world.
Yet how workers interpret that information is as important as the information itself.
Interpretation is, in fact, a act. But the degree of creativity is influenced by our feelings:
our belief that we can speak without fear of retribution, our feeling of being by others, a confidence in our own intuition all affect how we the information before us.
There are many ways in which the creative spirit can find expression in the workplace:
innovations in management, in distribution methods, or new ideas for financing a
business. Creative ideas can also be used to the organization itself by increasing the
of workers. One such innovation is the elimination of restrictive job descriptions that put workers in “boxes” and their performance. Another idea is to all financial
information with all ofthe employees. Elimination of traditional corporate secrets
workers to understand the larger reality of the business and encourages them to generate ideas of their own to costs and increase revenues.
Since creative problem-solving requires the psychological of the whole person, the modern workplace must undergo vital changes. From the efforts of companies
around the world, a set of key ideas are emerging that can change the psychology of the workplace.
41 ．A ．origin B ．interpretation C ．analysis D ．point
42 ．A ．acquires B ．requires C ．draws D ．arouses
43 ．A ．going on B ．focusing on C ．bringing about D ．forming into
44 ．A ．appreciative B ．positive C ．creative D ．constructive
试卷第 11 页，共 14 页
45 ．A ．supported B ．loved C ．betrayed D ．trusted
46 ．A ．depend on B ．pick up C ．respond to D ．set up
47 ．A ．identifications B ．assessments C ．improvements D ．cooperations
48 ．A ．weaken B ．strengthen C ．create D ．satisfy
49 ．A ．initiative B ．creativity C ．attention D ．effectiveness
50 ．A ．improve B ．limit C ．discourage D ．deny
51 ．A ．share B ．collect C ．spread D ．discuss
52 ．A ．helps B ．teaches C ．pushes D ．devotes
53 ．A ．eliminate B ．earn C ．return D ．reduce
54 ．A ．satisfaction B ．commitment C ．stress D ．contribution
55 ．A ．monitoring B ．consuming C ．changing D ．pioneering
第二节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I think of a “mad genius”, no one deserves the title more than Nikola Tesla. Born in Austria in 1856, this scientist is not just an engineer, but an inventor and 56 (explore) of the many mysteries of the world.
To begin with, Tesla possessed an 57 (objective) brilliant mind. He was blessed with the gift of a photographic memory. When inspiration 58 (strike), he was capable of
visualizing the idea from concept to design, not needing to pen it down. 59 (work) entirely from memory, he would be able to build the device 60 referring to any notes at all. If this was not 61 (amaze) enough, he was fluent in eight different languages.
As an inventor, his experiments at that time 62 (see) as remarkably far-fetched, and must have seemed like magic. His innovative ideas would ultimately set the groundwork for the next generation of scientists. Indeed, many of his 300 63 (register) patents contributed to the creation of widespread technology today such as the radio, X-Ray machine and wireless
technology. Tesla even predicted 64 birth of the smartphone. His forward-looking ideas have earned him the label of a futurist-one 65 explores the possibilities of the future.
试卷第 12 页，共 14 页
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
66 ．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Paul 想了解钟南山院士。你决定用英文向他介绍，请根据以下要点写一封回信：
1.出生于 1936 年，他致力于重大呼吸道传染病的研究、防治，并取得了重大成就。
2.在抗击 SARS 和 COVID-19 的战役中，凭借着坚定的决心、奉献精神和无私精神， 他发挥了重大的作用。
3.80 岁高龄依然坚持在研究病毒斗争的前沿。
4.我们要向他学习，向他致敬！
参考词汇：respiratory infectious diseases 呼吸道传染病 salute sb 致敬
注意：1.写作词数应为 80 左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分 25 分)
67 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY
This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in
Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of
developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and
could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologized for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people
would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live
试卷第 13 页，共 14 页
happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the
Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century and they will probably be
living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard
work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
注意：
1. 续写段落不少于 150 个词；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇： the Internet keep in touch social media health monitor
Paragraph 1:
On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances.
试卷第 14 页，共 14 页
1 ．B
【原文】M: Do you support human cloning, Mary
W: No, but Lucy supports it. She is a scientist.
M: I don’t support human cloning either. It’s hard for me to accept it.
W: Almost every country in the world is against it.
2 ．C
【原文】W: Look at the robot sing and dance!
M: That’s amazing. If it could play chess, I would definitely buy one.
W: Sing, dance and play chess. Yes, I would too.
3 ．C
【原文】M: Television is really a great invention. I wonder how the invention got the idea of sending pictures through the air.
W: The inventor was a guy called Philo Farnsworth. He first showed his teacher the drawings for television in 1922 when he was 16. At that time, even radio was new. He developed the idea when he was 20.
4 ．A
【原文】M: The latest smartphones have amazing cameras.
W: True. They’re as good as professional cameras now.
M: It’s incredible how they’ve put advanced features into such small devices.
W: Absolutely. It’s like having a small photography studio in your pocket.
5 ．B
【原文】M: I’m unfamiliar with web application development. I’d mainly use technology to keep in touch with friends and family. This innovation of virtual reality is most interesting to me.
W: Sure, Ryan. This new form of video communication will be very useful!
6 ．A 7 ．C
【原文】W: Do you know, Jack Scientists in Antarctica have used a new invention to help them study seabirds closely — a tiny robot on wheels that looks like a baby bird.
M: Yes. I once saw it on TV. The robot is similar to those used in the exploration of the moon. Scientists, working some distance away, controlled every movement the robot made.
W: You’re right. It was immediately accepted by seabirds’ families as one of them. The adults
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even sang to it, though to their disappointment, the “baby” didn’t reply.
M: That’s funny! Scientists are now working on a new model with one important improvement — it will be able to play seabird songs.
8 ．A 9 ．B 10 ．B
【原文】M: People in modern times are much luckier than before. Do you think so
W: Absolutely. Especially when we compare the technology before with the modern technology in our life now.
M: Does your mother use a washing machine or other machines to do her chores
W: Yes, she does. She uses machines to do almost all of the household chores. She never has a maid.
M: Hmm, technology is really helpful, but do you think that robots will replace humans or cause unemployment in the future
W: Well, it is hard to tell. In some cases, robots will take over jobs that are dangerous for human workers.
M: What about teaching machines or machine teachers
W: Machine teachers will be truly useful, but I still guess the role of real teachers is very much needed. As a machine is only a piece of equipment, it has no personal approach in teaching and cannot precisely teach students.
M: I can’t agree more. It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
11 ．A 12 ．B 13 ．A
【原文】W: Dr. Spenser, what are the scientists at your company doing
M: We’re developing a tool to help people to see again, the people who lost their sight because of an accident.
W: So, tell us how it works.
M: Well, it uses a computer chip and special glasses. We put an extremely small chip in the blind person’s eye. And the glasses... they have a very small video camera inside.
W: So, how do the computer chip and glasses work together
M: Well, a blind person puts on the glasses and looks at something, for example, this pen. Then the video camera in the glasses, takes a picture of the pen. Then the camera sends the picture to the computer chip in the person’s eye.
答案第 2 页，共 16 页
W: And then the person can see the pen!
M: Exactly! This whole process happens very quickly.
W: Wow! Now, using this tool, will a blind person be able to see as well as a normal person
M: No, they won’t have perfect vision, but they will be able to see many things.
14 ．A 15 ．C 16 ．C
【原文】M: Good morning! It looks like another busy day at work. Have you ever heard about the concept of AI ethics It’s quite an interesting topic.
W: Yes. AI is widely used now, for instance, in schools to enhance education and in hospitals to improve patient care. AI ethics are about ensuring that artificial intelligence is used correctly and responsibly.
M: Yes, it’s kind of like making sure AI doesn’t cheat or lie to us. That seems pretty important.
W: Exactly. And also respecting privacy and not misusing people’s data.
M: Some folks worry about jobs too.
W: Yes, but it can also create new jobs in technology. We just need to learn new skills.
M: So, we need to balance the good sides and risks.
W: Right. Education plays an important role. How to use AI reasonably should be taught in schools.
M: I guess there should be global rules for this too.
W: Absolutely! That way everyone can benefit from technology fairly and responsibly.
M: That makes sense. By the way, when will you send me the latest sales figures
W: Oh, I sent them to your mailbox last night already. You should be able to check them now.
17 ．C 18 ．C 19 ．B 20 ．B
【原文】
W: Hey welcome to today’s talk! I’m Emma Davis, an AI enthusiast who’s been exploring this since finishing at MIT. I’m excited to share my passion for the incredible world of artificial intelligence, or AI.
I’ll kick things off with an awesome story from 2015, in Silicon Valley. Our project was called “Project Skylark” and with Dr. Jack Thompson, a Cornell University bird expert. We
wanted to teach a machine to recognize different birds.
It was amazing. “Avis”, the AI system, learnt to improve its accuracy over time. In six
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months, it could identify bird species better than human experts! This showed the incredible potential of AI!
It’s come a long way since the 1950s with Alan Turing’s ideas. Modern systems can
analyze data, spot patterns, and make decisions on their own. This power has opened up endless possibilities in areas like healthcare, finance, and transportation.
One inspiring example comes from Dr. Alice Chen, who in 2018 led a team at Stanford
University to develop the computer program “MediScan” that analyzes images and detects early signs of diseases like cancer. MediScan’s accuracy and speed massively surpassed human
capabilities, saving thousands of lives.
However, it has its challenges and risks. A 2020 report showed concern of AI taking jobs and affecting economy. I love AI but there’s tough conversations about balancing progress, job security, privacy and security as systems get better. Together, we can create a future where AI helps us achieve our wildest dreams.
21 ．B 22 ．D 23 ．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个学生的发明以及各自的特点。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle because its large A-pillar(A 柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to
think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina.(她的母亲不喜欢驾驶她的车，因为它的大 A 柱设计让她感到危险，这给了她解决这个问题的灵感。阿莱娜说：“我开始思考盲点是所有汽车的一个大问题。”)”可知，阿莱娜·加斯勒发明的目的是提高驾驶安全。故选 B。
22 ．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance
showed the most promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health.(亚历克西斯获得了 1 万美元的罗伯特伍德约翰逊基金会健康促进奖，该奖项表彰了在健康相关领域的工作和表现最有希望的学生，并展示了对影响健康的许多社会因素的理解)”可知，Alexis MacAvoy 的发明与人类健康有关。故选 D。
23 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.(女孩们在面向中学生的科学竞赛 Broadcom MASTERS中获得了最高奖项)”可知，Broadcom MASTERS 主要关于科技。故选 C。
答案第 4 页，共 16 页
24 ．A 25 ．D 26 ．B 27 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了文艺复兴时期的著名艺术家——达·芬奇的生活。达芬奇不仅是一个艺术家，还是一个科学家，他在科学上的贡献同样具有非凡意义。
24 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the
scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and,
Isaacson argues, a genius.(艾萨克森解释了热爱科学并将科学方法应用于观察世界是如何使达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的，并且艾萨克森所认为的一位天才的。)”可知，让达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的是从科学的角度看世界这种行为方式。故选 A。
25 ．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“That’s why Isaacson calls da Vinci an exemplar of this
scientific method.（这就是为什么艾萨克森称达芬奇为这种科学方法的典范。） ”可知，艾萨克森认为达·芬奇在飞行器方面的研究方法是一种典范，对之给予了很高的评价。再结合后艾萨克森说的话“Galileo, born 112 years after Leonardo, is usually credited with being the first to develop this kind of approach and is often regarded as the father of modern science(伽利略出生于列奥纳多之后 112 年，通常被认为是第一个开发这种方法的人，并且经常被认为是现代科学之父)”和后面的“There can be no doubt that this honor would have been bestowed on
Leonardo da Vinci had he published his scientific writings during his lifetime.（毫无疑问，如果列奥纳多·达·芬奇生前出版了他的科学著作，这一荣誉就会授予他。） ”可知，艾萨克森在高度赞扬了达·芬奇的研究方法，后面又提到伽利略得到了这种方法的荣誉，但其实这种荣誉应归于达芬奇。由此可推测，艾萨克森这么做是为了突出达·芬奇研究方法的重要性。故选D。
26 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And this wonderful book is a reminder, in a time of
increasingly narrow specialization and focus, that the methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci
are as relevant as ever.(这本精彩的书提醒我们，在一个专业化和关注度越来越窄的时代，像达·芬奇这样的文艺复兴时期的人的方法一如既往地重要。)”可推知，像达·芬奇这样的文艺复兴时期的人的方法在现代科学研究中仍然适用。故选 B。
27 ．标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the
scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and,
Isaacson argues, a genius.(艾萨克森解释了热爱科学并将科学方法应用于观察世界是如何使达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的，并且艾萨克森认为，一位天才的。)”可知，热爱科学并运用科学方法观察世界，正是达·芬奇成为伟大艺术家和天才的真正原因。下文接着对这一观
答案第 5 页，共 16 页
点进行了详细阐述。由此可推测，C 项“科学如何塑造（达·芬奇）的艺术”适合作本文标题。故选 C。
28 ．D 29 ．C 30 ．B 31 ．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了 Zymal 意识到塑料污染的严重后果后，为减少塑料污染对海洋生物的危害，创造了自己的环保袋的故事。她还把销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童。
28 ．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Depressed by the plastic pollution, she was reminded of the
severe consequences our habits have on the environment. Then, she noticed a shopkeeper handing out newspaper bags. And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act. Since then she has created
beautiful, unique reusable newspaper bags for hundreds of customers.（Zymal 意识到塑料污染的严重后果。然后，她注意到一位店主正在分发报纸袋。就在那一刻，Zymal 知道她必须采取行动。从那时起，她为数百名顾客创造了美丽独特的可重复使用的报纸袋）”可知，第二段主要讲述了 Zymal 是如何获得灵感创作她的环保袋的，故选 D。
29 ．推理判断题。根据第三段的“According to The Earth Institute, over one trillion plastic bags are used worldwide annually — that’s about two million bags used per minute around the world.
（根据地球研究所的数据，全世界每年使用超过一万亿个塑料袋——也就是每分钟使用 200万个塑料袋）”和第四段的“putting approximately 700 marine species in danger of extinction due to the threat from pollution. （由于污染的威胁，大约 700 种海洋物种面临灭绝的危险）” 以及“in fact, an astonishing 8.8 million tons of this material make their way from land to the oceans
every single year.（事实上，每年有惊人的 880 万吨这种物质从陆地进入海洋）”推知，这些数字是为了强调了塑料污染的严重性。故选 C。
30 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“And Zymal’s amazingness doesn’t stop there — the profits from her sales go towards helping poor children.（Zymal 的销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童）”推知， Zymal 关心弱势群体。故选 B。
31 ．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Depressed by the plastic pollution, she was reminded of the
severe consequences our habits have on the environment. Then, she noticed a shopkeeper handing out newspaper bags. And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act.（Zymal 意识到塑料污染的严重后果。然后，她注意到一位店主正在分发报纸袋。就在那一刻，Zymal 知道她必须采取行动）”和最后一段的“the profits from her sales go towards helping poor children.（销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童）” 推知，Zyma 是一个关心环境和弱势群体的人。故选 A。
32 ．B 33 ．A 34 ．D 35 ．A
答案第 6 页，共 16 页
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的科学家开发了一种低成本凝胶膜，可以帮助干旱地区的人们从空气中获得清洁的饮用水。
32 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They developed a low-cost gel film (凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate.(他们开发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，即使在最干燥的气候下也能从空气中吸收水分。)”和第三句话“Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate.(在干燥的气候下，仅一公斤的凝胶就能吸收多达六升水。)”可知，这种凝胶膜可以吸收空气中的水分。故选 B 项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be moulded into a shape or size that best suits the user.(事实上，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进。在相对湿度较大的地方，最大采水量为 5.87 升。这种新型凝胶的用量翻了一番，不消耗能量，操作简单，可以塑造出最适合用户的形状或大小。)”可知，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进，不仅提升了采水量，而且不消耗能量，操作简单。由此可知，作者提到以前收集水分的方法，是为了和现在的方法进行比较，从而展示出新型凝胶在收集水分方面的优势。故选 A 项。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段““This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water
to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.”(科克雷尔工程学院的余桂华教授说：“这项新成功一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、最干燥的地方取水。这可能会让数百万无法持续获得饮用水的人在家里拥有简单的、容易操作的制水设备。”)”可知，余桂华认为这是一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、
最干燥的地方取水。由此可知，他对这种新的设备是非常赞赏和推崇的，对它的应用充满希望。故选 D 项。
35 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.(科学家们正计划制造一种更厚的凝胶来增加产量，使这项技术成为解决干旱的可行方法。)”可知，科学家们正计划制作一种更厚的凝胶。故选 A 项。
36 ．F 37 ．C 38 ．D 39 ．E 40 ．A
答案第 7 页，共 16 页
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家利用大自然制作出颜料的方法和颜料的优点。
36 ．由上文“Structural color comes from tiny shapes on the surfaces of things like wings, feathers or shells. (结构颜色来自于翅膀、羽毛或贝壳等物体表面的微小形状。)”可知，下面要说跟“微小形状”有关的话题，故 F 选项“Normally, we never see the shapes because they’re so small. (通常情况下，我们永远看不到这些形状，因为它们太小了。)” 能承接上文，符合题意。F 项中的“small”与空前的“tiny”相对应。故选 F。
37 ．由下文“They were trying to create a special mirrored surface. But they found super-small
clumps of aluminum atoms (铝原子团块) on the surface. The researchers were upset because
these small clumps messed up the mirror. Then they realized that the clumps made colors when
light hit them. They decided to turn their discovery into paint. (他们试图创造一个特殊的镜面。但他们在表面发现了超小型的铝原子团。研究人员很沮丧，因为这些小团块把镜子弄得一团糟。然后他们意识到，当光线照射到这些团块时，它们就会产生颜色。他们决定把他们的发现变成绘画。)”可知，本空要说研究人员的打算，故 C 选项“Researchers weren’t really planning on making paint. (研究人员并没有真正计划制造油漆。)” 能引起下文，且承接上文“Now
scientists have used nanotechnology(纳米技术)to make paint with structural color.(现在，科学家们已经利用纳米技术制造出具有结构色的油漆。)”符合题意。故选 C。
38 ．由上文“The nanoparticles don’t really produce the color. They simply reflect back a single
color. (纳米颗粒并不能真正产生颜色。它们只是反射回单一的颜色。)”可知，下面要说跟“反射”有关的话题，故 D 选项“The size of them determines which color gets reflected. (它们的大小决定了反射的颜色。)” 能承上启下，符合题意。D 项中的“reflected”与空前的“reflect”相对应。故选 D。
39 ．由上文“Because the new paint doesn’t have pigments, the paint is so light that it could reduce the amount of fuel used by planes and cars. (因为这种新油漆没有颜料，所以这种油漆很轻，可以减少飞机和汽车的燃料用量。)”可知，下面要介绍覆盖飞机的油漆，故 E 选项“Generally, it takes about 500 kg of paint to cover an airplane. (一般来说，覆盖一架飞机大约需要 500 公斤的油漆。)” 能承接上文，符合题意。E 项中的“airplane”与空前的“plane”相对应。故选 E。
40 ．由下文“Once we paint something with structural color, it should stay for centuries. What’s
more, the new paint doesn’t heat up like regular paint. (一旦我们把某种东西涂成结构色，它应该会持续几个世纪。更重要的是，新油漆不像普通油漆那样发热。)”可知，本段主要介绍这
答案第 8 页，共 16 页
种漆的优点，故 A 选项“The new paint has several other advantages. (这种新油漆还有其他几个优点。)”能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选 A。
41 ．B 42 ．A 43 ．C 44 ．C 45 ．D 46 ．C 47 ．C 48 ．B
49 ．A 50 ．B 51 ．A 52 ．A 53 ．D 54 ．B 55 ．D
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章讨论了创造力在工作场所中的重要性以及如何激发员工的创新精神。它强调了信息的重要性，并指出了信息技术对商业世界的影响。此外，它还提到了创造力受到感觉和信任的影响，并提出了一些激发创新的方法，如取消限制性的职位描述和与员工共享财务信息。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些变化集中在信息的使用和诠释上，而信息是思想的基础。 A. origin 起源；B. interpretation 解释，诠释；C. analysis 分析；D. point 要点。根据下文“A company’s future depends upon how well it 2 , interprets, and acts upon information. (公 司的未来取决于它获取、诠释和处理信息的能力。)”，句中的 interprets 为复现词，信息的获取、诠释发生了变化，思想也随之变化。故选 B 项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司的未来取决于它获取、诠释和处理信息的能力。A. acquires获得；B. requires 需要；C. draws 吸引；D. arouses 唤起。根据空后的 interprets, and acts upon information 可知，在诠释、处理信息之前，先得获取信息，acquires 符合语境。故选 A 项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：今天，信息技术（包括计算机和数据库）的传播正在给商业世界带来翻天覆地的变化。A. going on 继续；B. focusing on 专注于；C. bringing about 导致； D. forming into 导致。根据上文“The need for creativity is changing how the workplace is
organized and what people do. These changes centre on the use and 1 of information: the
basis for ideas. A company’s future depends upon how well it ___2___ , interprets, and acts upon information. (对创造力的需求正在改变工作场所的组织方式和人们的工作方式。这些变化集中在信息的使用和诠释上，而信息是思想的基础。公司的未来取决于它获取、诠释和处理信息的能力。)”可知，公司的发展取决于公司对获取到的信息的理解和使用，信息技术（包括计算机和数据库）的发展、传播导致了各个公司的组织方式、工作方式的巨变，满足公司对创造力的需求，bringing about 符合语境。故选 C 项。
44 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，诠释是一种创造性的行为。A. appreciative 欣赏的；B. positive 积极的；C. creative 有创造力的，有想象力的；D. constructive 建设性的。根据下文“But the degree of creativity is influenced by our feelings: our belief that we can speak
答案第 9 页，共 16 页
without fear of retribution, our feeling of being 5 by others, a confidence in our own
intuition all affect how we 6 the information before us. (但是，创造力的程度受到我们的感觉的影响：我们相信我们可以说话而不必担心报复，我们被他人信任的感觉，我们对自己直觉的信心，这些都会影响我们对面前信息的反应。)”可知，句中的 creativity 为复现词，顺接上文设空处，作为一种创造性的行为的诠释，其程度，即创造的程度，因我们的种种感觉而异。故选 C 项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，创造力的程度受到我们的感觉的影响：我们相信我们可以说话而不必担心报复，我们被他人信任的感觉，我们对自己直觉的信心，这些都会影响我们对面前信息的反应。A. supported 支持；B. loved 爱；C. betrayed 背叛；D. trusted 信任。根据语境，公司作为一个工作环境，员工能畅所欲言，得到上司、同事的信任，可以凭借自己强烈的直觉处理信息，都可以提升创造力程度。trusted 符合语境。故选 D 项。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，创造力的程度受到我们的感觉的影响：我们相信我们可以说话而不必担心报复，我们被他人信任的感觉，我们对自己直觉的信心，这些都会影响我们对面前信息的反应。A. depend on 依赖；B. pick up 拾取；C. respond to 对 反应；D. set up 设置。根据上文“A company’s future depends upon how well it 2 , interprets, and acts upon information. (公司的未来取决于它获取、诠释和处理信息的能力)”可知，公司的未来取决于员工们获取、诠释和处理信息的能力，即：员工会对面前的信息做如何的处理，产生多大的创造力，respond to 符合语境。故选 C 项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在工作场所，有很多方式可以表达创新精神：管理上的创新，分销方式的改进，或者为企业融资的新想法。A. identifications 识别；B. assessments 评估； C. improvements 改进；D. cooperations 合作。根据上文“The need for creativity is changing how the workplace is organized and what people do. (对创造力的需求正在改变工作场所的组织方 式和人们的工作方式。)”可知，此处陈述了两个创新方式，创新的目的就是使公司走上新台阶，发展得更好，improvements 符合语境。故选 C 项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：创造性的想法也可以通过增加员工的主动性来加强组织本身。
A. weaken 削弱；B. strengthen 加强；C. create 创造；D. satisfy 满足。根据下文“One such
innovation is the elimination of restrictive job descriptions that put workers in ‘boxes ’ and
10 their performance. Another idea is to 11 all financial information with all ofthe employees. Elimination of traditional corporate secrets ___12___ workers to understand the larger reality of the business and encourages them to generate ideas of their own to 13 costs and
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increase revenues. (其中一项创新是取消了限制性的职位描述，这些职位描述将员工置于‘盒子” 中，限制了他们的表现。另一个想法是与所有员工共享所有财务信息。消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的实际情况，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。)”可知，下文列举了两个方式使员工不受到条条框框的束缚，公司财务、秘密对员工透明，激发员工更大的工作热情，从而更好地发展企业组织，使之更强大（strengthen）。故选 B 项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：创造性的想法也可以通过增加员工的主动性来加强组织本身。
A. initiative 主动性；B. creativity 创造力；C. attention 注意力；D. effectiveness 有效性。根据下文“One such innovation is the elimination of restrictive job descriptions that put workers in
‘boxes’ and 10 their performance. Another idea is to 11 all financial information
with all ofthe employees. Elimination of traditional corporate secrets 12 workers to
understand the larger reality of the business and encourages them to generate ideas of their own to 13 costs and increase revenues. (其中一项创新是取消了限制性的职位描述，这些职位描述将员工置于‘盒子’中，限制了他们的表现。另一个想法是与所有员工共享所有财务信息。消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的实际情况，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。)”可知，下文列举了两个方式使员工不受到条条框框的束缚，公司财务、秘密对员工透明， 激发员工更大的工作热情，增加员工的主动性（initiative），更好地为公司效力。故选 A 项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 其中一项创新是取消了限制性的职位描述，这些职位描述将员工置于“盒子” 中，限制了他们的表现。A. improve 改进；B. limit 限制；C. discourage 劝阻； D. deny 拒绝。句中的 restrictive 意为“ 限制的，约束的” ，为同义复现词，与 limit 意思相近，此处指公司的一些条条框框起到了约束员工创新的作用，限制了（limit）员工的职场表现。故选 B 项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 另一个想法是与所有员工共享所有财务信息。A. share 分享；
B. collect 收集；C. spread 传播；D. discuss 讨论。根据下文“Elimination of traditional corporate secrets 12 workers to understand the larger reality of the business and encourages them to generate ideas of their own to ___13___ costs and increase revenues. (消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的实际情况，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。)”可知，公司财务透明，即将公司的实际经济状况与员工共享（share），员工有知情权。故选A 项。
答案第 11 页，共 16 页
52 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的现实，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。A. helps 帮助；B. teaches 教导；C. pushes推动；D. devotes 奉献。根据上文“Another idea is to 11 all financial information with all of the employees. (另一个想法是与所有员工共享所有财务信息。)”可知，企业秘密即企业的财务信息，公司财务透明有助于员工知晓公司的财政情况，从而会为公司出谋划策，因此 helps符合语境。故选 A 项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的现实，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。A. eliminate 消除；B. earn 赚取；C. return返回；D. reduce 减少。根据句中 increase revenues ，可知企业要创收，做到利益最大化，成本要降下来，reduce 符合语境。故选 D 项
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于创造性地解决问题需要整个人的心理契约，因此现代工作场所必须经历至关重要的变化。A. satisfaction 满意；B. commitment 承诺；C. stress 强调； D. contribution 贡献。根据上文“But the degree of creativity is influenced by our feelings: our
belief that we can speak without fear of retribution, our feeling of being 5 by others, a
confidence in our own intuition all affect how we 6 the information before us. (但是，创造力的程度受到我们的感觉的影响：我们相信我们可以说话而不必担心报复，我们被他人信任的感觉，我们对自己直觉的信心，这些都会影响我们对面前信息的反应。)” ，以及“Creative ideas can also be used to 8 the organization itself by increasing the 9 of workers.
(创造性的想法也可以通过增加员工的主动性来加强组织本身。)”可知，要发挥员工的主动性，为公司出谋划策，首先员工要有归属感，对公司有心理承诺，愿意为公司的发展出谋划策，commitment 符合语境。故选 B 项。
55．考查动词、形容词词义辨析。句意：从世界各地开拓性公司的努力中，正在出现一系列可以改变工作场所心理的关键思想。A. monitoring 监测；B. consuming（感情）强烈的，支配人的；C. changing 改变中的；D. pioneering 先驱的，有开创者特点的。根据句中 a set of key ideas are emerging that can change the psychology of the workplace 可知，新思想新理念会在开拓性的公司中先出现，pioneering 符合语境。故选 D 项。
56．explorer 57．objectively 58．struck 59．working 60．without 61．amazing
62 ．were seen 63 ．registered 64 ．the 65 ．who
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是 Nikola Tesla 的生平和主要成就。
答案第 12 页，共 16 页
56 ．考查名词。句意：这位科学家于 1856 年出生于奥地利，他不仅是一位工程师，还是世界上许多奥秘的发明家和探索者。根据语境可知，句子表示“他不仅是一位工程师，还是世界上许多奥秘的发明家和探索者” ，空格处意为“探索者” ，是 explorer ，空前有 an ，空格处用单数，故填 explorer。
57．考查副词。句意：首先，特斯拉拥有一个客观上非常聪明的头脑。空格处用副词修饰形容词 brilliant ，objective 的副词是 objectively ，意为“客观地” 。故填 objectively。
58．考查时态。句意：当灵感来临时，他能够将想法从概念到设计可视化，不需要完全凭记忆写下来，他可以完全不参考任何笔记就能制造出设备。由 was 可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式 struck 。故填 struck。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：当灵感来临时，他能够将想法从概念到设计可视化，不需要完全凭记忆写下来，他可以完全不参考任何笔记就能制造出设备。句中谓语是 would be，空格处用非谓语动词，he 和 work 之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填
Working。
60．考查介词。句意：当灵感来临时，他能够将想法从概念到设计可视化，不需要完全凭记忆写下来，他可以完全不参考任何笔记就能制造出设备。由“(work) entirely from memory”可知，句子表示“他能够将想法从概念到设计可视化，不需要完全凭记忆写下来，他可以完全不参考任何笔记就能制造出设备” ，空格处意为“不，没有” ，由空后的动名词 referring 可知，空格处用介词 without ，故填 without。
61．考查形容词。句意：如果这还不够惊人的话，他能流利地说八种不同的语言。空格处用形容词作表语，主语 experiments 是物，因此空格处用 ing 结尾的形容词 amazing ，意为“令人惊讶的” ，故填 amazing。
62．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：作为一个发明家，他的实验在当时被认为是非常牵强的，看起来一定像魔术一样。根据语境可知，句子表示“他的实验在当时被认为是非常牵强的” ，句子用被动语态，且由 at that time 可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语 experiments 是复数，因此空格处是 were seen 。故填 were seen。
63．考查时态。句意：事实上，在他注册的 300 项专利中，有许多为今天广泛使用的技术的发明做出了贡献，比如无线电、X 光机和无线技术。根据语境可知，句子表示“在他注册的300 项专利中” ，空格处意为“注册的” ，是 registered ，故填 registered。
64．考查定冠词。句意：特斯拉甚至预言了智能手机的诞生。此处特指智能手机的诞生，因
此空格处用 the 表特指，故填 the。
答案第 13 页，共 16 页
65．考查定语从句。句意： 他前瞻性的想法为他赢得了未来主义者的标签——一个探索未来可能性的人。空格处引导是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词 futurist-one 是人，
因此空格处用关系代词 who，故填 who。
66 ．Dear Paul,
I’m glad to give you a brief introduction about Zhong Nanshan.
Born in 1936, Zhong Nanshan has devoted much of his life to researching and treating
respiratory infectious diseases, and has made great contributions. With determination, dedication and selflessness, he has played a significant role in the battle against SARS and COVID-19. Even ifhe is 80 years old, he still stands at the forefront of research in the fight against the virus.
We must learn from him and salute him!
Yours,
Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Paul 想了解钟南山院士。
你决定用英文向他介绍，请根据提示要点写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
疾病：disease→sickness
奉献：dedication→devotion
高兴的：glad→delighted
重要： significant→vital
2.句式拓展同义句转换
原句：We must learn from him and salute him!
拓展句：Not only must we learn from him, but also we should salute him!
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Born in 1936, Zhong Nanshan has devoted much of his life to researching and treating respiratory infectious diseases, and has made great contributions.(运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型 2] Even ifhe is 80 years old, he still stands at the forefront of research in the fight against the virus. (运用了 even if 引导让步状语从句)
67 ．On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of
答案第 14 页，共 16 页
warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has
made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make
larger networks of friends through using social media.
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the
way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
【导语】本文以“我们应该抵制新技术吗”为线索展开，作者通过无人驾驶汽车发生车祸引起很多人对这项新技术持否定态度引出话题。一方面，有的人确实可以在没有新技术的情况下仍然生活得更好；另一方面新技术也给各地的人们带来了很多好处。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“另一方面，新技术多年来为世界各地的人们提供了许多好处。例
如，”可知，第一段可描写新技术给世界各地带来好处的例子，比如最新的天气跟踪计算机程序给人们许多关于潜在自然灾害的警告。还有互联网，使人们联系子在一起。
②由第二段首句内容“就我个人而言，我从技术进步中获益匪浅。”可知，第二段可描写“我”对新技术的看法。
2.续写线索：新技术有很多好处——举例子说明——表达“我”对新技术的看法
3.词汇激活行为类
①保持联系：keep in touch/stay in touch/keep contact
②看待：look on/view
③抵制：resist/boycott情绪类
①吓人的：scary/frightening
【点睛】[高分句型 1] For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives.（由关系词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型 2] My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.（由关系词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
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[高分句型 3] Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. （由 when 引导的时间状语从句）
答案第 16 页，共 16 页
（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：150 分）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 ．Who supports human cloning
A ．The woman. B ．Lucy. C ．The man.
2 ．What does the man wish the robot could do
A ．Sing. B ．Dance. C ．Play chess.
3 ．When did Philo Farnsworth develop his original idea of sending pictures through the air
A ．In 1916. B ．In 1922. C ．In 1926.
4 ．What do the speakers think about the latest cell phones
A ．The camera systems are impressive.
B ．The devices lack advanced features.
C ．They are too big to fit in the pocket.
5 ．What is Ryan most excited about
A ．Online videos. B ．Virtual reality. C ．Phone applications.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A 、B、
试卷第 1 页，共 14 页
C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6 ．Why did scientists invent the robot
A ．To study seabirds. B ．To protect seabirds. C ．To accompany seabirds.
7 ．How did seabirds react to the robot
A ．They refused it. B ．They ignored it. C ．They accepted it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8 ．What are the speakers talking about
A ．Modern technologies.
B ．Teaching machines.
C ．Unemployment in the future.
9 ．Who does the housework at the woman’s mother’s house
A ．The maid. B ．Machines. C ．The woman’s mother.
10 ．What do the speakers agree about machine teachers
A ．They will replace human teachers.
B ．They are useful but not human.
C ．They are both artists and scientists.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11 ．What is the purpose of the tool
A ．To restore blind people’s vision.
B ．To give blind people perfect vision.
C ．To prevent blindness from happening.
12 ．What is in the glasses
A ．A computer chip. B ．A video camera. C ．A special pen.
13 ．What does the man say about the tool
A ．Its working process is very fast.
试卷第 2 页，共 14 页
B ．It can help people who are born blind.
C ．The glasses send pictures to people’s eyes.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14 ．Where are the speakers
A ．In the company. B ．In the school. C ．In the hospital.
15 ．What are AI ethics (伦理) about according to the speakers
A ．Teaching AI to collect people’s data.
B ．Making sure AI can help with human jobs.
C ．Using AI in an accurate and responsible way.
16 ．What does the woman think is the key to building AI ethics
A ．Technology. B ．Skills. C ．Education.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17 ．What is the speaker’s job related to
A ．Medicine. B ．Wild animals. C ．Artificial intelligence.
18 ．What was the main goal of Project Skylark
A ．To create a system for healthcare.
B ．To open up possibilities of finance.
C ．To teach a machine to identify different birds.
19 ．What is the program MediScan used for
A ．Analyzing data. B ．Detecting diseases. C ．Producing reports.
20 ．What is the speaker’s attitude towards AI in general
A ．Worried. B ．Positive. C ．Unconcerned.
第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Winners of the Broadcom MASTERS
试卷第 3 页，共 14 页
Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.
Alaina Gassler
Alaina won the $25,000 Samueli Foundation Prize for the project of reducing blind spots in cars. She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle
because its large A-pillar (A 柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina. So she worked on and solved it.
Sidor Clare
Sidor won the $10,000 Marconi/Samueli Award for Innovation, an honor made by
Samueli’s generous donation of his 2012 Marconi Society Prize Award. She developed bricks that could one day be made on Mars, so that humans wouldn’t be required to carry building materials with them in order to build there.
Alexis MacAvoy
Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health
Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance showed the most
promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health. She designed a water filter (过滤器) by using carbon to remove heavy metals from water.
Rachel Bergey
Rachel won the $10,000 Lemelson Award for Invention, awarded by The Lemelson
Foundation to a young inventor creating promising solutions to real-world problems. She
developed a trap made of tinfoil (锡纸) and netting for the spotted lanternfly, an invasive species causing damage to trees.
21 ．What is the purpose of Alaina Gassler’s invention
A ．To beautify vehicles. B ．To improve the safety of driving.
C ．To decorate the sidewalk for the blind. D ．To reduce the carbon released from cars.
22 ．Whose invention is related to human health
A ．Alaina Gassler’s. B ．Sidor Clare’s.
C ．Rachel Bergey’s. D ．Alexis MacAvoy’s.
23 ．What is the Broadcom MASTERS about
试卷第 4 页，共 14 页
A ．Art. B ．Sport. C ．Technology. D ．Education.
B
The outstanding biography portrays the life of the complicated Renaissance artist with
details. We come to see da Vinci as not only an inventor of musical instruments and early flying machines, but also a notebook keeper and vegetarian, who had trouble finishing many of the
projects and paintings he started.
Yet what is most thrilling is getting to know da Vinci the scientist. Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and, Isaacson argues, a genius. Da Vinci was fascinated with observing and
understanding phenomena in nature. He wanted to know about everything around him, in minute detail, Isaacson writes. He wondered about questions “most people over the age often no longer puzzle about”—for instance, how the tongue of a woodpecker works.
To learn about the world, da Vinci combined his own observations with experimentation.
Never formally schooled, “he preferred to induce from experiments rather than deduce from
theoretical principles,” Isaacson explains. He recorded his observations, looked for patterns among them, and then tested those patterns through additional observation and experimentation.
When he became fascinated with the idea that he could invent flying machines, he observed various birds and filled notebooks with the function and speed at which their wings flapped.
That’s why Isaacson calls da Vinci an exemplar of this scientific method. He goes on: “Galileo, born 112 years after Leonardo, is usually credited with being the first to develop this kind of
approach and is often regarded as the father of modern science.” There can be no doubt that this honor would have been bestowed on Leonardo da Vinci had he published his scientific writings during his lifetime.
Da Vinci’s emphasis on empirical observation also helped him improve his art. First, he
was able to use what he learned from looking at nature to paint and draw. His studies of the body, animals, motion, shadow and light, perspective and proportion helped him better understand what he was seeing in front of him, and render it in art more accurately and finely than anyone else of his time. Most importantly, his ability to connect art and science, helped him innovate in his work. Da Vinci made surprisingly diverse series of discoveries, including conceptualizing the helicopter
试卷第 5 页，共 14 页
and solar power and advancing knowledge about everything from the reproductive organs to
botany. This genius is also what drew Isaacson to Albert Einstein and Steve Jobs as subjects: They’re all innovators who were inspired by and drew connections between art and science.
“Leonardo da Vinci is the ultimate example of the main theme of my previous biographies: how the ability to make connections across disciplines-arts and sciences, humanities and
technology—is a key to innovation, imagination, and genius,” Isaacson writes. And this wonderful book is a reminder, in a time of increasingly narrow specialization and focus, that the methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci are as relevant as ever.
24 ．What made da Vinci a great artist
A ．Viewing the world from the perspective of science.
B ．Combining experimentation with theoretical principles.
C ．Attempting to know about the world like a child.
D ．Being filled with ambition to become an artist and inventor.
25 ．Why does Isaacson mention Galileo in the book
A ．To introduce his important findings.
B ．To memorize the father of modern science.
C ．To show the prejudice faced by da Vinci during his lifetime.
D ．To illustrate the significance of da Vinci’s research method.
26 ．Which of the following statements is true
A ．Da Vinci improved his art and drew more accurately by painting mostly in the natural world.
B ．The methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci can still apply to contemporary scientific research.
C ．Albert Einstein and Steve Jobs are as famous as da Vinci because they all have a talent for combining art with science.
D．Da Vinci failed to publish his scientific writing because the scientific method kept in it was too complicated to understand at that time.
27 ．What might be the best title for the passage
A ．How a Genius Changed the World
B ．The Features of Renaissance Art
C ．How Science Shaped His Art
试卷第 6 页，共 14 页
D ．The Comparison between Induction and Deduction
C
What were you doing when you were nine years old Making crafts from a Klutz book
Kicking around a soccer ball Designing a business plan to deal with plastic pollution and relieve childhood poverty Zymal Umar showed us the latter. The Pakistan’s youngest businesswoman has started a project entitled Zee Bags, which aims to reduce plastic pollution by providing an
environmentally-friendly alternative to plastic grocery bags.
When Zymal was on a shopping trip with her parents three years ago, she was shocked by the number of plastic bags on the streets. Depressed by the plastic pollution, she was reminded of the severe consequences our habits have on the environment. Then, she noticed a shopkeeper
handing out newspaper bags. And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act. Since then she has created beautiful, unique reusable newspaper bags for hundreds of customers.
It’s amazing to see this youngster using her brains and business skills for good. And she should certainly feel proud of the work she is doing. After all, plastic grocery bags are killing
thousands of marine animals every year through their contribution to plastic waste. According to The Earth Institute, over one trillion plastic bags are used worldwide annually—that’s about two million bags used per minute around the world.
And those bags certainly don’t disappear into thin air. Instead, they end up in our oceans,
putting approximately 700 marine species in danger of extinction due to the threat from pollution. And plastic bags are just one of the many forms of plastic trash that ends up in the oceans—in
fact, an astonishing 8. 8 million tons of this material make their way from land to the oceans every single year.
But with Zee Bags, we’re all empowered to make more thoughtful choices about our trash production. And Zymal’s amazingness doesn’t stop there—the profits from her sales go towards helping poor children.
28 ．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A ．How Zymal felt about her shopping trip.
B ．How Zymal learned about plastic pollution.
C ．How Zymal was received by the shopkeeper.
试卷第 7 页，共 14 页
D ．How Zymal was inspired to create her bags.
29 ．Why are figures mentioned in the third and fourth paragraphs
A ．To praise Zymal for her great efforts.
B ．To urge readers to stop using plastics.
C ．To stress the seriousness of plastic pollution.
D ．To show the rich knowledge of the author.
30 ．What can we infer about Zymal from the last paragraph
A ．She is amazing in every aspect of her life.
B ．She has concern for the disadvantaged.
C ．She urges everyone to be eco-friendly.
D ．She earns a lot of money from her business.
31 ．Which of the following best describes Zymal
A ．Caring. B ．Determined.
C ．Confident. D ．Optimistic.
D
More than a third of the world’s population lives in dry lands, areas that experience
significant water shortages. Engineers and scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas access clean drinking water.
They developed a low-cost gel film (凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the
driest bining two simple ingredients, cellulose and konjac gum, the gel is
inexpensive to produce. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry
climate. For those living in a climate with relative humidity (潮湿), one kilogram of gel can
collect up to 13 liters of water a day. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.
Previously, researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew, but that only serves areas with high humidity. Other attempts at pulling water from desert air are typically
energy-intensive and do not produce much. In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous
water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with
relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it
试卷第 8 页，共 14 页
can be moulded into a shape or size that best suits the user.
“This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.”
“This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author,
Youhong “Nancy” Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.” Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield,
making this technology a practicable solution to drought.
32 ．What do we know about the gel film from paragraph 2
A ．It can increase the humidity of the air.
B ．It can harvest drinking water from the air.
C ．It has been widely applied in desert areas.
D ．It costs lots of money and energy to produce.
33 ．Why does the author mention previous water harvesting methods in paragraph 3
A ．To prove the advantages ofthe new gel.
B ．To show the tough living conditions in dry regions.
C ．To state the process of manufacturing the new gel.
D ．To present the theory of water harvesting technologies.
34 ．What is Guihua Yu’s attitude towards the new water harvesting method
A ．Indifferent. B ．Skeptical.
C ．Disapproving. D ．Hopeful.
35 ．What will scientists plan to do next
A ．Develop a thicker gel. B ．Produce the gel on a large scale.
C ．Raise money for further research. D ．Teach people to make the gel at home.
第二节(共 5 小题:每小题 2. 5 分, 满分 12. 5 分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Scientists Make Amazing Paint Using Ideas from Nature
试卷第 9 页，共 14 页
The colors in most paints come from pigments(颜料)—colored things such as minerals,
metals or chemicals. But nature has another way to create color, called “structural color”.
Structural color comes from tiny shapes on the surfaces of things like wings, feathers or shells.
36 Now scientists have used nanotechnology(纳米技术)to make paint with structural color.
37 They were trying to create a special mirrored surface. But they found
super-small clumps of aluminum atoms(铝原子团块)on the surface. The researchers were upset because these small clumps messed up the mirror. Then they realized that the clumps made colors when light hit them. They decided to turn their discovery into paint.
All the color in the new paint comes from aluminum. There are tiny aluminum pieces and then even smaller nanoparticles(纳米颗粒)that create the colors. The nanoparticles don’t really produce the color. They simply reflect back a single color. 38
Because the new paint doesn’t have pigments, the paint is so light that it could reduce the amount of fuel used by planes and cars. 39 It would only take 1.3 kg of structural paint to do the same job.
40 In regular paints, pigments break down and fade over time. That’s not true for structural color. Once we paint something with structural color, it should stay for centuries.
What’s more, the new paint doesn’t heat up like regular paint. That’s true even for darker colors. The new paint can keep surfaces up to 16.6℃ cooler than normal paint. Using the paint on
buildings in cities could help cool cities and reduce the electricity spent on air. conditioning.
A ．The new paint has several other advantages.
B ．Structural paint could save as much money as possible.
C ．Researchers weren’t really planning on making paint.
D ．The size of them determines which color gets reflected.
E ．Generally, it takes about 500 kg of paint to cover an airplane.
F ．Normally, we never see the shapes because they’re so small.
G ．It will probably be a while before you can use structural color.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 小题:每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
试卷第 10 页，共 14 页
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Creativity at Work
“People will soon get tired of staring at a plywood box every night.”— Daryl F. Zanuck, head of 20th Century Fox, commenting on television in 1946.
The need for creativity is changing how the workplace is organized and what people do.
These changes centre on the use and of information: the basis for ideas. A company’s
future depends upon how well it , interprets, and acts upon information. Today the spread of information technologies —including computers and data bases— is a sea of change
in the business world.
Yet how workers interpret that information is as important as the information itself.
Interpretation is, in fact, a act. But the degree of creativity is influenced by our feelings:
our belief that we can speak without fear of retribution, our feeling of being by others, a confidence in our own intuition all affect how we the information before us.
There are many ways in which the creative spirit can find expression in the workplace:
innovations in management, in distribution methods, or new ideas for financing a
business. Creative ideas can also be used to the organization itself by increasing the
of workers. One such innovation is the elimination of restrictive job descriptions that put workers in “boxes” and their performance. Another idea is to all financial
information with all ofthe employees. Elimination of traditional corporate secrets
workers to understand the larger reality of the business and encourages them to generate ideas of their own to costs and increase revenues.
Since creative problem-solving requires the psychological of the whole person, the modern workplace must undergo vital changes. From the efforts of companies
around the world, a set of key ideas are emerging that can change the psychology of the workplace.
41 ．A ．origin B ．interpretation C ．analysis D ．point
42 ．A ．acquires B ．requires C ．draws D ．arouses
43 ．A ．going on B ．focusing on C ．bringing about D ．forming into
44 ．A ．appreciative B ．positive C ．creative D ．constructive
试卷第 11 页，共 14 页
45 ．A ．supported B ．loved C ．betrayed D ．trusted
46 ．A ．depend on B ．pick up C ．respond to D ．set up
47 ．A ．identifications B ．assessments C ．improvements D ．cooperations
48 ．A ．weaken B ．strengthen C ．create D ．satisfy
49 ．A ．initiative B ．creativity C ．attention D ．effectiveness
50 ．A ．improve B ．limit C ．discourage D ．deny
51 ．A ．share B ．collect C ．spread D ．discuss
52 ．A ．helps B ．teaches C ．pushes D ．devotes
53 ．A ．eliminate B ．earn C ．return D ．reduce
54 ．A ．satisfaction B ．commitment C ．stress D ．contribution
55 ．A ．monitoring B ．consuming C ．changing D ．pioneering
第二节(共 10 小题:每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I think of a “mad genius”, no one deserves the title more than Nikola Tesla. Born in Austria in 1856, this scientist is not just an engineer, but an inventor and 56 (explore) of the many mysteries of the world.
To begin with, Tesla possessed an 57 (objective) brilliant mind. He was blessed with the gift of a photographic memory. When inspiration 58 (strike), he was capable of
visualizing the idea from concept to design, not needing to pen it down. 59 (work) entirely from memory, he would be able to build the device 60 referring to any notes at all. If this was not 61 (amaze) enough, he was fluent in eight different languages.
As an inventor, his experiments at that time 62 (see) as remarkably far-fetched, and must have seemed like magic. His innovative ideas would ultimately set the groundwork for the next generation of scientists. Indeed, many of his 300 63 (register) patents contributed to the creation of widespread technology today such as the radio, X-Ray machine and wireless
technology. Tesla even predicted 64 birth of the smartphone. His forward-looking ideas have earned him the label of a futurist-one 65 explores the possibilities of the future.
试卷第 12 页，共 14 页
第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
66 ．假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Paul 想了解钟南山院士。你决定用英文向他介绍，请根据以下要点写一封回信：
1.出生于 1936 年，他致力于重大呼吸道传染病的研究、防治，并取得了重大成就。
2.在抗击 SARS 和 COVID-19 的战役中，凭借着坚定的决心、奉献精神和无私精神， 他发挥了重大的作用。
3.80 岁高龄依然坚持在研究病毒斗争的前沿。
4.我们要向他学习，向他致敬！
参考词汇：respiratory infectious diseases 呼吸道传染病 salute sb 致敬
注意：1.写作词数应为 80 左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分 25 分)
67 ．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
SHOULD WE FIGHT NEW TECHNOLOGY
This morning, I saw the shocking headline: “Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in
Driverless Mode”. In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of
developing driverless cars. They said that some advances in technology were unnecessary and
could even be dangerous. Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. The newspaper reported that the car company had already apologized for the accident, but the families of the deceased said it was not enough. Nevertheless, the company still claimed that most people
would be travelling in driverless cars one day soon.
On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live
试卷第 13 页，共 14 页
happily in the absence of new technology. Probably the most well-known are the Amish, a group of Christians living in rural America. They do not own or drive cars, watch TV, or use the
Internet. They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century and they will probably be
living the same way in the distant future. They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard
work, family, and community. They think that is better than caring about luxuries or following the lives of the rich and famous. It could even be argued that the Amish’s quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.
注意：
1. 续写段落不少于 150 个词；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇： the Internet keep in touch social media health monitor
Paragraph 1:
On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example,
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances.
试卷第 14 页，共 14 页
1 ．B
【原文】M: Do you support human cloning, Mary
W: No, but Lucy supports it. She is a scientist.
M: I don’t support human cloning either. It’s hard for me to accept it.
W: Almost every country in the world is against it.
2 ．C
【原文】W: Look at the robot sing and dance!
M: That’s amazing. If it could play chess, I would definitely buy one.
W: Sing, dance and play chess. Yes, I would too.
3 ．C
【原文】M: Television is really a great invention. I wonder how the invention got the idea of sending pictures through the air.
W: The inventor was a guy called Philo Farnsworth. He first showed his teacher the drawings for television in 1922 when he was 16. At that time, even radio was new. He developed the idea when he was 20.
4 ．A
【原文】M: The latest smartphones have amazing cameras.
W: True. They’re as good as professional cameras now.
M: It’s incredible how they’ve put advanced features into such small devices.
W: Absolutely. It’s like having a small photography studio in your pocket.
5 ．B
【原文】M: I’m unfamiliar with web application development. I’d mainly use technology to keep in touch with friends and family. This innovation of virtual reality is most interesting to me.
W: Sure, Ryan. This new form of video communication will be very useful!
6 ．A 7 ．C
【原文】W: Do you know, Jack Scientists in Antarctica have used a new invention to help them study seabirds closely — a tiny robot on wheels that looks like a baby bird.
M: Yes. I once saw it on TV. The robot is similar to those used in the exploration of the moon. Scientists, working some distance away, controlled every movement the robot made.
W: You’re right. It was immediately accepted by seabirds’ families as one of them. The adults
答案第 1 页，共 16 页
even sang to it, though to their disappointment, the “baby” didn’t reply.
M: That’s funny! Scientists are now working on a new model with one important improvement — it will be able to play seabird songs.
8 ．A 9 ．B 10 ．B
【原文】M: People in modern times are much luckier than before. Do you think so
W: Absolutely. Especially when we compare the technology before with the modern technology in our life now.
M: Does your mother use a washing machine or other machines to do her chores
W: Yes, she does. She uses machines to do almost all of the household chores. She never has a maid.
M: Hmm, technology is really helpful, but do you think that robots will replace humans or cause unemployment in the future
W: Well, it is hard to tell. In some cases, robots will take over jobs that are dangerous for human workers.
M: What about teaching machines or machine teachers
W: Machine teachers will be truly useful, but I still guess the role of real teachers is very much needed. As a machine is only a piece of equipment, it has no personal approach in teaching and cannot precisely teach students.
M: I can’t agree more. It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.
11 ．A 12 ．B 13 ．A
【原文】W: Dr. Spenser, what are the scientists at your company doing
M: We’re developing a tool to help people to see again, the people who lost their sight because of an accident.
W: So, tell us how it works.
M: Well, it uses a computer chip and special glasses. We put an extremely small chip in the blind person’s eye. And the glasses... they have a very small video camera inside.
W: So, how do the computer chip and glasses work together
M: Well, a blind person puts on the glasses and looks at something, for example, this pen. Then the video camera in the glasses, takes a picture of the pen. Then the camera sends the picture to the computer chip in the person’s eye.
答案第 2 页，共 16 页
W: And then the person can see the pen!
M: Exactly! This whole process happens very quickly.
W: Wow! Now, using this tool, will a blind person be able to see as well as a normal person
M: No, they won’t have perfect vision, but they will be able to see many things.
14 ．A 15 ．C 16 ．C
【原文】M: Good morning! It looks like another busy day at work. Have you ever heard about the concept of AI ethics It’s quite an interesting topic.
W: Yes. AI is widely used now, for instance, in schools to enhance education and in hospitals to improve patient care. AI ethics are about ensuring that artificial intelligence is used correctly and responsibly.
M: Yes, it’s kind of like making sure AI doesn’t cheat or lie to us. That seems pretty important.
W: Exactly. And also respecting privacy and not misusing people’s data.
M: Some folks worry about jobs too.
W: Yes, but it can also create new jobs in technology. We just need to learn new skills.
M: So, we need to balance the good sides and risks.
W: Right. Education plays an important role. How to use AI reasonably should be taught in schools.
M: I guess there should be global rules for this too.
W: Absolutely! That way everyone can benefit from technology fairly and responsibly.
M: That makes sense. By the way, when will you send me the latest sales figures
W: Oh, I sent them to your mailbox last night already. You should be able to check them now.
17 ．C 18 ．C 19 ．B 20 ．B
【原文】
W: Hey welcome to today’s talk! I’m Emma Davis, an AI enthusiast who’s been exploring this since finishing at MIT. I’m excited to share my passion for the incredible world of artificial intelligence, or AI.
I’ll kick things off with an awesome story from 2015, in Silicon Valley. Our project was called “Project Skylark” and with Dr. Jack Thompson, a Cornell University bird expert. We
wanted to teach a machine to recognize different birds.
It was amazing. “Avis”, the AI system, learnt to improve its accuracy over time. In six
答案第 3 页，共 16 页
months, it could identify bird species better than human experts! This showed the incredible potential of AI!
It’s come a long way since the 1950s with Alan Turing’s ideas. Modern systems can
analyze data, spot patterns, and make decisions on their own. This power has opened up endless possibilities in areas like healthcare, finance, and transportation.
One inspiring example comes from Dr. Alice Chen, who in 2018 led a team at Stanford
University to develop the computer program “MediScan” that analyzes images and detects early signs of diseases like cancer. MediScan’s accuracy and speed massively surpassed human
capabilities, saving thousands of lives.
However, it has its challenges and risks. A 2020 report showed concern of AI taking jobs and affecting economy. I love AI but there’s tough conversations about balancing progress, job security, privacy and security as systems get better. Together, we can create a future where AI helps us achieve our wildest dreams.
21 ．B 22 ．D 23 ．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个学生的发明以及各自的特点。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“She was inspired to solve this issue by her mother who didn’t like driving her vehicle because its large A-pillar(A 柱) design made her feel in danger. “I started to
think about how blind spots were a huge problem in all cars,” said Alaina.(她的母亲不喜欢驾驶她的车，因为它的大 A 柱设计让她感到危险，这给了她解决这个问题的灵感。阿莱娜说：“我开始思考盲点是所有汽车的一个大问题。”)”可知，阿莱娜·加斯勒发明的目的是提高驾驶安全。故选 B。
22 ．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Alexis won the $10,000 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Advancement, which recognized the student whose work and performance
showed the most promise in health-related fields and demonstrated an understanding of the many social factors that affect health.(亚历克西斯获得了 1 万美元的罗伯特伍德约翰逊基金会健康促进奖，该奖项表彰了在健康相关领域的工作和表现最有希望的学生，并展示了对影响健康的许多社会因素的理解)”可知，Alexis MacAvoy 的发明与人类健康有关。故选 D。
23 ．细节理解题。根据第一段“Girls took the top prizes at the Broadcom MASTERS, a science competition for middle school students.(女孩们在面向中学生的科学竞赛 Broadcom MASTERS中获得了最高奖项)”可知，Broadcom MASTERS 主要关于科技。故选 C。
答案第 4 页，共 16 页
24 ．A 25 ．D 26 ．B 27 ．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了文艺复兴时期的著名艺术家——达·芬奇的生活。达芬奇不仅是一个艺术家，还是一个科学家，他在科学上的贡献同样具有非凡意义。
24 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the
scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and,
Isaacson argues, a genius.(艾萨克森解释了热爱科学并将科学方法应用于观察世界是如何使达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的，并且艾萨克森所认为的一位天才的。)”可知，让达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的是从科学的角度看世界这种行为方式。故选 A。
25 ．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“That’s why Isaacson calls da Vinci an exemplar of this
scientific method.（这就是为什么艾萨克森称达芬奇为这种科学方法的典范。） ”可知，艾萨克森认为达·芬奇在飞行器方面的研究方法是一种典范，对之给予了很高的评价。再结合后艾萨克森说的话“Galileo, born 112 years after Leonardo, is usually credited with being the first to develop this kind of approach and is often regarded as the father of modern science(伽利略出生于列奥纳多之后 112 年，通常被认为是第一个开发这种方法的人，并且经常被认为是现代科学之父)”和后面的“There can be no doubt that this honor would have been bestowed on
Leonardo da Vinci had he published his scientific writings during his lifetime.（毫无疑问，如果列奥纳多·达·芬奇生前出版了他的科学著作，这一荣誉就会授予他。） ”可知，艾萨克森在高度赞扬了达·芬奇的研究方法，后面又提到伽利略得到了这种方法的荣誉，但其实这种荣誉应归于达芬奇。由此可推测，艾萨克森这么做是为了突出达·芬奇研究方法的重要性。故选D。
26 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“And this wonderful book is a reminder, in a time of
increasingly narrow specialization and focus, that the methods of Renaissance men like da Vinci
are as relevant as ever.(这本精彩的书提醒我们，在一个专业化和关注度越来越窄的时代，像达·芬奇这样的文艺复兴时期的人的方法一如既往地重要。)”可推知，像达·芬奇这样的文艺复兴时期的人的方法在现代科学研究中仍然适用。故选 B。
27 ．标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Isaacson explains how loving science and applying the
scientific method to observing the world was really what made da Vinci a great artist and,
Isaacson argues, a genius.(艾萨克森解释了热爱科学并将科学方法应用于观察世界是如何使达·芬奇成为一位伟大艺术家的，并且艾萨克森认为，一位天才的。)”可知，热爱科学并运用科学方法观察世界，正是达·芬奇成为伟大艺术家和天才的真正原因。下文接着对这一观
答案第 5 页，共 16 页
点进行了详细阐述。由此可推测，C 项“科学如何塑造（达·芬奇）的艺术”适合作本文标题。故选 C。
28 ．D 29 ．C 30 ．B 31 ．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了 Zymal 意识到塑料污染的严重后果后，为减少塑料污染对海洋生物的危害，创造了自己的环保袋的故事。她还把销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童。
28 ．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Depressed by the plastic pollution, she was reminded of the
severe consequences our habits have on the environment. Then, she noticed a shopkeeper handing out newspaper bags. And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act. Since then she has created
beautiful, unique reusable newspaper bags for hundreds of customers.（Zymal 意识到塑料污染的严重后果。然后，她注意到一位店主正在分发报纸袋。就在那一刻，Zymal 知道她必须采取行动。从那时起，她为数百名顾客创造了美丽独特的可重复使用的报纸袋）”可知，第二段主要讲述了 Zymal 是如何获得灵感创作她的环保袋的，故选 D。
29 ．推理判断题。根据第三段的“According to The Earth Institute, over one trillion plastic bags are used worldwide annually — that’s about two million bags used per minute around the world.
（根据地球研究所的数据，全世界每年使用超过一万亿个塑料袋——也就是每分钟使用 200万个塑料袋）”和第四段的“putting approximately 700 marine species in danger of extinction due to the threat from pollution. （由于污染的威胁，大约 700 种海洋物种面临灭绝的危险）” 以及“in fact, an astonishing 8.8 million tons of this material make their way from land to the oceans
every single year.（事实上，每年有惊人的 880 万吨这种物质从陆地进入海洋）”推知，这些数字是为了强调了塑料污染的严重性。故选 C。
30 ．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“And Zymal’s amazingness doesn’t stop there — the profits from her sales go towards helping poor children.（Zymal 的销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童）”推知， Zymal 关心弱势群体。故选 B。
31 ．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Depressed by the plastic pollution, she was reminded of the
severe consequences our habits have on the environment. Then, she noticed a shopkeeper handing out newspaper bags. And at that moment, Zymal knew she had to act.（Zymal 意识到塑料污染的严重后果。然后，她注意到一位店主正在分发报纸袋。就在那一刻，Zymal 知道她必须采取行动）”和最后一段的“the profits from her sales go towards helping poor children.（销售利润用于帮助贫困儿童）” 推知，Zyma 是一个关心环境和弱势群体的人。故选 A。
32 ．B 33 ．A 34 ．D 35 ．A
答案第 6 页，共 16 页
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的科学家开发了一种低成本凝胶膜，可以帮助干旱地区的人们从空气中获得清洁的饮用水。
32 ．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They developed a low-cost gel film (凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate.(他们开发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，即使在最干燥的气候下也能从空气中吸收水分。)”和第三句话“Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to six liters of water in a dry climate.(在干燥的气候下，仅一公斤的凝胶就能吸收多达六升水。)”可知，这种凝胶膜可以吸收空气中的水分。故选 B 项。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be moulded into a shape or size that best suits the user.(事实上，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进。在相对湿度较大的地方，最大采水量为 5.87 升。这种新型凝胶的用量翻了一番，不消耗能量，操作简单，可以塑造出最适合用户的形状或大小。)”可知，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进，不仅提升了采水量，而且不消耗能量，操作简单。由此可知，作者提到以前收集水分的方法，是为了和现在的方法进行比较，从而展示出新型凝胶在收集水分方面的优势。故选 A 项。
34．推理判断题。根据第四段““This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water
to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.”(科克雷尔工程学院的余桂华教授说：“这项新成功一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、最干燥的地方取水。这可能会让数百万无法持续获得饮用水的人在家里拥有简单的、容易操作的制水设备。”)”可知，余桂华认为这是一种实用的解决方案，人们可以用它在地球上最热、
最干燥的地方取水。由此可知，他对这种新的设备是非常赞赏和推崇的，对它的应用充满希望。故选 D 项。
35 ．细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.(科学家们正计划制造一种更厚的凝胶来增加产量，使这项技术成为解决干旱的可行方法。)”可知，科学家们正计划制作一种更厚的凝胶。故选 A 项。
36 ．F 37 ．C 38 ．D 39 ．E 40 ．A
答案第 7 页，共 16 页
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家利用大自然制作出颜料的方法和颜料的优点。
36 ．由上文“Structural color comes from tiny shapes on the surfaces of things like wings, feathers or shells. (结构颜色来自于翅膀、羽毛或贝壳等物体表面的微小形状。)”可知，下面要说跟“微小形状”有关的话题，故 F 选项“Normally, we never see the shapes because they’re so small. (通常情况下，我们永远看不到这些形状，因为它们太小了。)” 能承接上文，符合题意。F 项中的“small”与空前的“tiny”相对应。故选 F。
37 ．由下文“They were trying to create a special mirrored surface. But they found super-small
clumps of aluminum atoms (铝原子团块) on the surface. The researchers were upset because
these small clumps messed up the mirror. Then they realized that the clumps made colors when
light hit them. They decided to turn their discovery into paint. (他们试图创造一个特殊的镜面。但他们在表面发现了超小型的铝原子团。研究人员很沮丧，因为这些小团块把镜子弄得一团糟。然后他们意识到，当光线照射到这些团块时，它们就会产生颜色。他们决定把他们的发现变成绘画。)”可知，本空要说研究人员的打算，故 C 选项“Researchers weren’t really planning on making paint. (研究人员并没有真正计划制造油漆。)” 能引起下文，且承接上文“Now
scientists have used nanotechnology(纳米技术)to make paint with structural color.(现在，科学家们已经利用纳米技术制造出具有结构色的油漆。)”符合题意。故选 C。
38 ．由上文“The nanoparticles don’t really produce the color. They simply reflect back a single
color. (纳米颗粒并不能真正产生颜色。它们只是反射回单一的颜色。)”可知，下面要说跟“反射”有关的话题，故 D 选项“The size of them determines which color gets reflected. (它们的大小决定了反射的颜色。)” 能承上启下，符合题意。D 项中的“reflected”与空前的“reflect”相对应。故选 D。
39 ．由上文“Because the new paint doesn’t have pigments, the paint is so light that it could reduce the amount of fuel used by planes and cars. (因为这种新油漆没有颜料，所以这种油漆很轻，可以减少飞机和汽车的燃料用量。)”可知，下面要介绍覆盖飞机的油漆，故 E 选项“Generally, it takes about 500 kg of paint to cover an airplane. (一般来说，覆盖一架飞机大约需要 500 公斤的油漆。)” 能承接上文，符合题意。E 项中的“airplane”与空前的“plane”相对应。故选 E。
40 ．由下文“Once we paint something with structural color, it should stay for centuries. What’s
more, the new paint doesn’t heat up like regular paint. (一旦我们把某种东西涂成结构色，它应该会持续几个世纪。更重要的是，新油漆不像普通油漆那样发热。)”可知，本段主要介绍这
答案第 8 页，共 16 页
种漆的优点，故 A 选项“The new paint has several other advantages. (这种新油漆还有其他几个优点。)”能概括本段主题，符合题意。故选 A。
41 ．B 42 ．A 43 ．C 44 ．C 45 ．D 46 ．C 47 ．C 48 ．B
49 ．A 50 ．B 51 ．A 52 ．A 53 ．D 54 ．B 55 ．D
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章讨论了创造力在工作场所中的重要性以及如何激发员工的创新精神。它强调了信息的重要性，并指出了信息技术对商业世界的影响。此外，它还提到了创造力受到感觉和信任的影响，并提出了一些激发创新的方法，如取消限制性的职位描述和与员工共享财务信息。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些变化集中在信息的使用和诠释上，而信息是思想的基础。 A. origin 起源；B. interpretation 解释，诠释；C. analysis 分析；D. point 要点。根据下文“A company’s future depends upon how well it 2 , interprets, and acts upon information. (公 司的未来取决于它获取、诠释和处理信息的能力。)”，句中的 interprets 为复现词，信息的获取、诠释发生了变化，思想也随之变化。故选 B 项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司的未来取决于它获取、诠释和处理信息的能力。A. acquires获得；B. requires 需要；C. draws 吸引；D. arouses 唤起。根据空后的 interprets, and acts upon information 可知，在诠释、处理信息之前，先得获取信息，acquires 符合语境。故选 A 项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：今天，信息技术（包括计算机和数据库）的传播正在给商业世界带来翻天覆地的变化。A. going on 继续；B. focusing on 专注于；C. bringing about 导致； D. forming into 导致。根据上文“The need for creativity is changing how the workplace is
organized and what people do. These changes centre on the use and 1 of information: the
basis for ideas. A company’s future depends upon how well it ___2___ , interprets, and acts upon information. (对创造力的需求正在改变工作场所的组织方式和人们的工作方式。这些变化集中在信息的使用和诠释上，而信息是思想的基础。公司的未来取决于它获取、诠释和处理信息的能力。)”可知，公司的发展取决于公司对获取到的信息的理解和使用，信息技术（包括计算机和数据库）的发展、传播导致了各个公司的组织方式、工作方式的巨变，满足公司对创造力的需求，bringing about 符合语境。故选 C 项。
44 ．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，诠释是一种创造性的行为。A. appreciative 欣赏的；B. positive 积极的；C. creative 有创造力的，有想象力的；D. constructive 建设性的。根据下文“But the degree of creativity is influenced by our feelings: our belief that we can speak
答案第 9 页，共 16 页
without fear of retribution, our feeling of being 5 by others, a confidence in our own
intuition all affect how we 6 the information before us. (但是，创造力的程度受到我们的感觉的影响：我们相信我们可以说话而不必担心报复，我们被他人信任的感觉，我们对自己直觉的信心，这些都会影响我们对面前信息的反应。)”可知，句中的 creativity 为复现词，顺接上文设空处，作为一种创造性的行为的诠释，其程度，即创造的程度，因我们的种种感觉而异。故选 C 项。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，创造力的程度受到我们的感觉的影响：我们相信我们可以说话而不必担心报复，我们被他人信任的感觉，我们对自己直觉的信心，这些都会影响我们对面前信息的反应。A. supported 支持；B. loved 爱；C. betrayed 背叛；D. trusted 信任。根据语境，公司作为一个工作环境，员工能畅所欲言，得到上司、同事的信任，可以凭借自己强烈的直觉处理信息，都可以提升创造力程度。trusted 符合语境。故选 D 项。
46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，创造力的程度受到我们的感觉的影响：我们相信我们可以说话而不必担心报复，我们被他人信任的感觉，我们对自己直觉的信心，这些都会影响我们对面前信息的反应。A. depend on 依赖；B. pick up 拾取；C. respond to 对 反应；D. set up 设置。根据上文“A company’s future depends upon how well it 2 , interprets, and acts upon information. (公司的未来取决于它获取、诠释和处理信息的能力)”可知，公司的未来取决于员工们获取、诠释和处理信息的能力，即：员工会对面前的信息做如何的处理，产生多大的创造力，respond to 符合语境。故选 C 项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在工作场所，有很多方式可以表达创新精神：管理上的创新，分销方式的改进，或者为企业融资的新想法。A. identifications 识别；B. assessments 评估； C. improvements 改进；D. cooperations 合作。根据上文“The need for creativity is changing how the workplace is organized and what people do. (对创造力的需求正在改变工作场所的组织方 式和人们的工作方式。)”可知，此处陈述了两个创新方式，创新的目的就是使公司走上新台阶，发展得更好，improvements 符合语境。故选 C 项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：创造性的想法也可以通过增加员工的主动性来加强组织本身。
A. weaken 削弱；B. strengthen 加强；C. create 创造；D. satisfy 满足。根据下文“One such
innovation is the elimination of restrictive job descriptions that put workers in ‘boxes ’ and
10 their performance. Another idea is to 11 all financial information with all ofthe employees. Elimination of traditional corporate secrets ___12___ workers to understand the larger reality of the business and encourages them to generate ideas of their own to 13 costs and
答案第 10 页，共 16 页
increase revenues. (其中一项创新是取消了限制性的职位描述，这些职位描述将员工置于‘盒子” 中，限制了他们的表现。另一个想法是与所有员工共享所有财务信息。消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的实际情况，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。)”可知，下文列举了两个方式使员工不受到条条框框的束缚，公司财务、秘密对员工透明，激发员工更大的工作热情，从而更好地发展企业组织，使之更强大（strengthen）。故选 B 项。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：创造性的想法也可以通过增加员工的主动性来加强组织本身。
A. initiative 主动性；B. creativity 创造力；C. attention 注意力；D. effectiveness 有效性。根据下文“One such innovation is the elimination of restrictive job descriptions that put workers in
‘boxes’ and 10 their performance. Another idea is to 11 all financial information
with all ofthe employees. Elimination of traditional corporate secrets 12 workers to
understand the larger reality of the business and encourages them to generate ideas of their own to 13 costs and increase revenues. (其中一项创新是取消了限制性的职位描述，这些职位描述将员工置于‘盒子’中，限制了他们的表现。另一个想法是与所有员工共享所有财务信息。消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的实际情况，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。)”可知，下文列举了两个方式使员工不受到条条框框的束缚，公司财务、秘密对员工透明， 激发员工更大的工作热情，增加员工的主动性（initiative），更好地为公司效力。故选 A 项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 其中一项创新是取消了限制性的职位描述，这些职位描述将员工置于“盒子” 中，限制了他们的表现。A. improve 改进；B. limit 限制；C. discourage 劝阻； D. deny 拒绝。句中的 restrictive 意为“ 限制的，约束的” ，为同义复现词，与 limit 意思相近，此处指公司的一些条条框框起到了约束员工创新的作用，限制了（limit）员工的职场表现。故选 B 项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 另一个想法是与所有员工共享所有财务信息。A. share 分享；
B. collect 收集；C. spread 传播；D. discuss 讨论。根据下文“Elimination of traditional corporate secrets 12 workers to understand the larger reality of the business and encourages them to generate ideas of their own to ___13___ costs and increase revenues. (消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的实际情况，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。)”可知，公司财务透明，即将公司的实际经济状况与员工共享（share），员工有知情权。故选A 项。
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52 ．考查动词词义辨析。句意：消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的现实，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。A. helps 帮助；B. teaches 教导；C. pushes推动；D. devotes 奉献。根据上文“Another idea is to 11 all financial information with all of the employees. (另一个想法是与所有员工共享所有财务信息。)”可知，企业秘密即企业的财务信息，公司财务透明有助于员工知晓公司的财政情况，从而会为公司出谋划策，因此 helps符合语境。故选 A 项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：消除传统的企业秘密有助于员工了解企业更大的现实，并鼓励他们产生自己的想法，以降低成本和增加收入。A. eliminate 消除；B. earn 赚取；C. return返回；D. reduce 减少。根据句中 increase revenues ，可知企业要创收，做到利益最大化，成本要降下来，reduce 符合语境。故选 D 项
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于创造性地解决问题需要整个人的心理契约，因此现代工作场所必须经历至关重要的变化。A. satisfaction 满意；B. commitment 承诺；C. stress 强调； D. contribution 贡献。根据上文“But the degree of creativity is influenced by our feelings: our
belief that we can speak without fear of retribution, our feeling of being 5 by others, a
confidence in our own intuition all affect how we 6 the information before us. (但是，创造力的程度受到我们的感觉的影响：我们相信我们可以说话而不必担心报复，我们被他人信任的感觉，我们对自己直觉的信心，这些都会影响我们对面前信息的反应。)” ，以及“Creative ideas can also be used to 8 the organization itself by increasing the 9 of workers.
(创造性的想法也可以通过增加员工的主动性来加强组织本身。)”可知，要发挥员工的主动性，为公司出谋划策，首先员工要有归属感，对公司有心理承诺，愿意为公司的发展出谋划策，commitment 符合语境。故选 B 项。
55．考查动词、形容词词义辨析。句意：从世界各地开拓性公司的努力中，正在出现一系列可以改变工作场所心理的关键思想。A. monitoring 监测；B. consuming（感情）强烈的，支配人的；C. changing 改变中的；D. pioneering 先驱的，有开创者特点的。根据句中 a set of key ideas are emerging that can change the psychology of the workplace 可知，新思想新理念会在开拓性的公司中先出现，pioneering 符合语境。故选 D 项。
56．explorer 57．objectively 58．struck 59．working 60．without 61．amazing
62 ．were seen 63 ．registered 64 ．the 65 ．who
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是 Nikola Tesla 的生平和主要成就。
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56 ．考查名词。句意：这位科学家于 1856 年出生于奥地利，他不仅是一位工程师，还是世界上许多奥秘的发明家和探索者。根据语境可知，句子表示“他不仅是一位工程师，还是世界上许多奥秘的发明家和探索者” ，空格处意为“探索者” ，是 explorer ，空前有 an ，空格处用单数，故填 explorer。
57．考查副词。句意：首先，特斯拉拥有一个客观上非常聪明的头脑。空格处用副词修饰形容词 brilliant ，objective 的副词是 objectively ，意为“客观地” 。故填 objectively。
58．考查时态。句意：当灵感来临时，他能够将想法从概念到设计可视化，不需要完全凭记忆写下来，他可以完全不参考任何笔记就能制造出设备。由 was 可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式 struck 。故填 struck。
59．考查非谓语动词。句意：当灵感来临时，他能够将想法从概念到设计可视化，不需要完全凭记忆写下来，他可以完全不参考任何笔记就能制造出设备。句中谓语是 would be，空格处用非谓语动词，he 和 work 之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填
Working。
60．考查介词。句意：当灵感来临时，他能够将想法从概念到设计可视化，不需要完全凭记忆写下来，他可以完全不参考任何笔记就能制造出设备。由“(work) entirely from memory”可知，句子表示“他能够将想法从概念到设计可视化，不需要完全凭记忆写下来，他可以完全不参考任何笔记就能制造出设备” ，空格处意为“不，没有” ，由空后的动名词 referring 可知，空格处用介词 without ，故填 without。
61．考查形容词。句意：如果这还不够惊人的话，他能流利地说八种不同的语言。空格处用形容词作表语，主语 experiments 是物，因此空格处用 ing 结尾的形容词 amazing ，意为“令人惊讶的” ，故填 amazing。
62．考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：作为一个发明家，他的实验在当时被认为是非常牵强的，看起来一定像魔术一样。根据语境可知，句子表示“他的实验在当时被认为是非常牵强的” ，句子用被动语态，且由 at that time 可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语 experiments 是复数，因此空格处是 were seen 。故填 were seen。
63．考查时态。句意：事实上，在他注册的 300 项专利中，有许多为今天广泛使用的技术的发明做出了贡献，比如无线电、X 光机和无线技术。根据语境可知，句子表示“在他注册的300 项专利中” ，空格处意为“注册的” ，是 registered ，故填 registered。
64．考查定冠词。句意：特斯拉甚至预言了智能手机的诞生。此处特指智能手机的诞生，因
此空格处用 the 表特指，故填 the。
答案第 13 页，共 16 页
65．考查定语从句。句意： 他前瞻性的想法为他赢得了未来主义者的标签——一个探索未来可能性的人。空格处引导是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词 futurist-one 是人，
因此空格处用关系代词 who，故填 who。
66 ．Dear Paul,
I’m glad to give you a brief introduction about Zhong Nanshan.
Born in 1936, Zhong Nanshan has devoted much of his life to researching and treating
respiratory infectious diseases, and has made great contributions. With determination, dedication and selflessness, he has played a significant role in the battle against SARS and COVID-19. Even ifhe is 80 years old, he still stands at the forefront of research in the fight against the virus.
We must learn from him and salute him!
Yours,
Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 Paul 想了解钟南山院士。
你决定用英文向他介绍，请根据提示要点写一封回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
疾病：disease→sickness
奉献：dedication→devotion
高兴的：glad→delighted
重要： significant→vital
2.句式拓展同义句转换
原句：We must learn from him and salute him!
拓展句：Not only must we learn from him, but also we should salute him!
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Born in 1936, Zhong Nanshan has devoted much of his life to researching and treating respiratory infectious diseases, and has made great contributions.(运用了过去分词作状语)
[高分句型 2] Even ifhe is 80 years old, he still stands at the forefront of research in the fight against the virus. (运用了 even if 引导让步状语从句)
67 ．On the other hand, new technology has provided people everywhere with many benefits over the years. For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of
答案第 14 页，共 16 页
warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives. Moreover, the Internet has
made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier, as it allows people to make
larger networks of friends through using social media.
Personally, I have benefited quite a lot from technological advances. I found my career as an AI designer through a social media network. My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life. Of course, when new technology changes the
way we live, it can be a scary prospect. Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.
【导语】本文以“我们应该抵制新技术吗”为线索展开，作者通过无人驾驶汽车发生车祸引起很多人对这项新技术持否定态度引出话题。一方面，有的人确实可以在没有新技术的情况下仍然生活得更好；另一方面新技术也给各地的人们带来了很多好处。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“另一方面，新技术多年来为世界各地的人们提供了许多好处。例
如，”可知，第一段可描写新技术给世界各地带来好处的例子，比如最新的天气跟踪计算机程序给人们许多关于潜在自然灾害的警告。还有互联网，使人们联系子在一起。
②由第二段首句内容“就我个人而言，我从技术进步中获益匪浅。”可知，第二段可描写“我”对新技术的看法。
2.续写线索：新技术有很多好处——举例子说明——表达“我”对新技术的看法
3.词汇激活行为类
①保持联系：keep in touch/stay in touch/keep contact
②看待：look on/view
③抵制：resist/boycott情绪类
①吓人的：scary/frightening
【点睛】[高分句型 1] For example, the latest weather-tracking computer programs give people lots of warnings about potential natural disasters, which saves many lives.（由关系词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型 2] My health monitor, which I wear all the time, has also helped me get into the best shape of my life.（由关系词 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
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[高分句型 3] Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. （由 when 引导的时间状语从句）
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