外研版高中英语必修第三册Unit 2 Making a difference Section ⅣDeveloping ideas—Comprehending课件

(共67张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　Developing ideas—
Comprehending
文 本 整 体 理 解
Step One:Pre-reading
Look at the following picture and answer the question.
According to the title and the subtitle, can you predict what the passage may talk about
Possible answer:
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The passage may talk about Winton’s life story, in which he did something good and great just like Schindler.
Step Two:While-reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
What is the main idea of the passage
A.Nicholas Winton is a respected figure.
B.The life of Nicholas Winton and his achievement.
C.The Nazis killed many children during World War Ⅱ.
D.Many Jewish children were helped by Royal Air Force.
√
Ⅱ.Read for the structure
Read the passage again and fill in the blanks.
Time Event
19 May 1909 Nicholas Winton ①　　　　　　　.
1931 Winton returned to ②　　　　　　.
③　　　　　　　　　　　 A friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.
August 1939 Winton had saved 669 children.
was born
Britain
December 1938
④　　　　　　　　　　　 Winton left the military.
1988 His wife Grete found ⑤____________________ and Winton was seen on the British television programme That’s Life.
2003 Winton received a ⑥　　　　　　　　　.
⑦　　　　　　　　　　　 Winton received the Order of the White Lion.
1 July 2015 Winton ⑧　　　　　　　　　　　　.
1954
a forgotten journal
knighthood
2014
passed away
Ⅲ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What happened to the 669 children
A.They were killed by the Nazis.
B.They were saved from death at the hands of the Nazis by Nicholas Winton.
C.They fled to their native countries.
D.They boarded the train with their parents.
√
2.What made Nicholas Winton’s story known to the public
A.His wife’s promotion.
B.The television programme That’s Life.
C.Leaders’ praise.
D.The 669 children’s appearance.
√
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A.The children Winton saved were all Jewish.
B.Winton had saved 669 children by August 1931.
C.Winton helped transport the 669 children to safety in Britain.
D.Winton didn’t pay any money for the saved children.
√
4.What can we infer from the fifth paragraph
A.The audience were moved by Winton’s deed.
B.The programme was very interesting.
C.The audience liked the children saved by Winton.
D.Winton’s wife found a journal about some brave soldiers.
√
Step Three:Post-reading
Ⅰ.难句解构
1.These are among the 669 children, most of them Jewish, that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis.
学会断句:本句是主从复合句。most of them Jewish是 　　　　　　结构,作状语;that引导的是　　　　从句,修饰先行词the 669 children。
尝试翻译：__________________________________________ ____
_________________________________________________________
这些孩子大都是犹太人,他们是尼古拉斯 温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
独立主格
定语
2.In Prague,Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and whose lives were in danger.
　学会断句:本句是主从复合句。现在分词短语living in terrible conditions和whose引导的　　　　从句由and连接,共同作　　　　,修饰people。
尝试翻译：__________________________________________ ____
_________________________________________________________
在布拉格,温顿看到人们生活在绝境中,连生命都受到威胁。
定语
定语
Ⅱ.翻转课堂(课文语法填空)
In August 1939, a group of frightened children 1.　　　　 (board) a train at Prague’s Wilson Station.Nicholas Winton would save them from death at the hands of the Nazis.
Nicholas Winton was born 2.　　　　　 19 May 1909 in London, to German-Jewish parents.On 3.　　　　　　 (leave) school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.He returned to Britain in 1931, 4.　　　　　　 he worked in business.
boarded
on
leaving
where
When Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and whose lives were in danger in Prague, he decided 5.　　　　　　 (help) transport children to safety in Britain.By August 1939, Winton 6.　　　　　　 (save) 669 children.However, he did not mention the children he saved, and his actions soon disappeared from people’s memories.
to help
had saved
In 1988, his wife Grete found a 7.　　　　　　 (forget) journal at home.The journal contained photographs and 8.　 　　　　　 (name) of the children and addresses of the families that took them in.She sent the journal to a newspaper and the British television programme That’s Life brought his actions to public attention.
Later, Winton received various honours for his 9.　　 　　 (achieve). Nicholas Winton passed away on 1 July 2015, at 10.　　　　　　 age of 106.
forgotten
names
achievement
the
课 时 精 练
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分)
A
(2025·深圳高一下期中)
When you take the kids out for lunch on a Saturday and they sit colouring away, do you give any thought to what happens to their crayons once you leave One dad-of-two from California never used to either—until he made the effort to ask one day.
Bryan Ware,44, was out at a restaurant with his two sons, when he asked the waitress what happened to the unused crayons.He told the media,“She said they were thrown away.It occurred to me there had to be better use for them than sending them to landfills (垃圾填埋场).I have a close friend that works in a children’s hospital and, in talking to her, discovered that we could have a huge positive impact on children in difficult situations by donating to hospitals.”
Bryan decided that he would take it upon himself to save the crayons before they were discarded.He melted (熔化) them down and set the wax (蜡) in new, specially-made containers before delivering them to sick children in local hospitals.
He told the media, “We worked with a specialist in child development to design the crayons so they are easy for children to hold and so they won’t roll off of beds or plates.We do not wrap (包裹) them in paper, which can hold bacteria (细菌).We’ve had them tested to make sure bacteria from incoming crayons were killed during our processing, and our new crayons meet the standards or are better in these tests than new crayons sold in stores.”
Since Bryan started The Crayon Initiative project, which he runs with help from family and friends, he has delivered around 2,000 packs of crayons to children in need.He hopes to get 10,000 more packs out by the end of the year.“Our goal is to provide every child who is hospitalized with a pack of crayons, by recycling all the crayons that currently go into landfills.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国加州父亲布莱恩·韦尔因关注餐厅废弃蜡笔的去向,发起“蜡笔倡议”项目,将蜡笔回收加工,设计成便于儿童使用的样式,经测试达标后,送给住院儿童的 故事。
1.What did Bryan find out one day at a restaurant
A.Kids liked colouring games at lunch time.
B.Waitresses had a way with children.
C.Many unused crayons went to waste.
D.Large amounts of food ended up in landfills.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“Bryan Ware, 44, was out at a restaurant...sending them to landfills.”可知,布莱恩在餐馆问服务员那些未使用的蜡笔怎么处理,服务员说它们被扔掉了,所以他发现很多未使用的蜡笔被浪费了。故选C项。
2.What might the underlined word “discarded” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Used up. B.Sold out.
C.Melted down. D.Thrown away.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段“She said they were thrown...sending them to landfills.”以及第三段“Bryan decided that he would take it upon himself to save the crayons before they were...”可知,之前服务员说蜡笔被扔掉,Bryan觉得应该有更好的处理方式,所以他决定在蜡笔被“扔掉”之前拯救它们。由此可知,画线词discarded的意思是“扔掉”。故选D项。
3.Why did Bryan test their new crayons
A.To ensure their safety and quality.
B.To prove their advantages to storekeepers.
C.To ensure they were designed for easy control.
D.To prove they beat paper-wrapped ones.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段“We do not wrap (包裹) them...crayons sold in stores.”可知,Bryan 对新蜡笔进行测试是为了确保在处理过程中来自旧蜡笔的细菌被杀死,并且新蜡笔符合标准或比商店里卖的新蜡笔更好,也就是确保它们的安全和质量。故选A项。
4.Which of the following can best describe Bryan
A.Courageous and calm. B.Talented and generous.
C.Caring and determined. D.Patient and productive.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段“He told the media...situations by donating to hospitals.”可知,布莱恩了解到餐厅里未使用的蜡笔会被扔掉后,想到可以将其捐赠给医院里的孩子,体现其爱心;根据第五段可知,Bryan发起了蜡笔倡议项目,并取得一定的成果,目标是为每个住院的孩子提供一包蜡笔,这展现其坚定决心。故选C项。
B
Each year, the discovery of new shark species underlines how little we know about ocean biodiversity.In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago.Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious.
The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor.These extremely small fossils provide a rich record of ancient oceanic sharks and their abundance for thousands of years.By studying fossils from many regions, the diversity patterns can give major insights into evolution (进化) of the open sea that would be otherwise unknown.
Sibert and Rubin quantified (量化)a past extinction of sharks, reporting a 90% decline in number and >70% drop in diversity.They found that nearer-shore sharks appear to survive, but migratory ones go extinct.The finding of this study is that sharks had undergone a widespread extinction that reorganized their communities from 16 million to 20 million years ago.
Sibert and Rubin narrowed the disappearance of sharks to a window of time under 100,000 years around 19 million years ago, but the causes of this event remain unclear.Because this time period does not stand out as a period of major climatic change, the authors do not attribute (归因于) environmental factors as an extinction driver.As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing.
The loss of sharks from the oceans has profound, complex, and unavoidable ecological consequences because their presence reflects the stability of marine ecosystems.Yet, one-quarter of the global diversity of sharks is currently threatened with extinction.Despite recent improvements in conservation actions, shark communities never recovered from a mysterious extinction event 19 million years ago; the ecological fate of what remains is now in our hands.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。
5.What did Sibert and Rubin find
A.The negative impact of the extinction of sharks.
B.The mysterious reasons behind the disappearance of sharks.
C.The most recent advances in the study of the largest ecosystem.
D.The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“In a recent report conducted...about 19 million years ago.”可知,西伯特和鲁宾发现大约1900万年前,中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。因此,西伯特和鲁宾发现了大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降。故选D项。
6.How did Sibert and Rubin conduct their study
A.By collecting and analyzing shark fossils worldwide.
B.By quantifying the movement of near-shore sharks.
C.By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks.
D.By keeping track of ancient oceanic sharks and their activities.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study of Sibert and...bodies to the seafloor.”可知,西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了鲨鱼皮肤和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小、坚硬的碎片,这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底。故选C项。
7.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE
A.Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity.
B.The number of sharks has recovered to its previous level.
C.Scientists have figured out the exact causes of sharks’ extinction.
D.Sharks had undergone a widespread extinction due to the climate change.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing.”可知,鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关。故选A项。
8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Sharks: The Stories Behind Them
B.Sharks: The Marine Masters
C.Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood
D.Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction
√
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其根据第一段“In a recent report conducted by...have been mysterious.”可知,本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。因此,D项“鲨鱼:神秘的灭绝”最适合作本文的标题。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分)
(2025·菏泽高一下期中)
William Dunn is the founder of Take a Kid Fishing, a nonprofit organization in Lakeland, Florida, which teaches poor and fatherless kids how to fish.One day, about 5 years ago, William noticed his six-year-old neighbor, Camran, seemed 　1　.He had stormed out of the house, shouting at his mom.Then William paid them a visit and they started a(n) 　2　. Camran shared that his 　3　 wasn’t in his life.
William asked Camran’s mom for 　4　 to take him fishing.After that, the two fished together several times a week, and William saw 　5　 changes in Camran’s behavior.“That’s when I found it’s 　6　 to help others,” he says.Soon William began teaching more kids in the neighborhood to fish.
During the week, William works as a tire salesman.On weekends, he takes 20 to 25 kids out fishing on a charter boat.William even 　7　 to local foster homes (寄养家庭) or group homes to invite the kids to spend the day on the water.Many have never been fishing, so William starts by teaching the 　8　.Then come the life 　9　 that fishing offers: patience, teamwork and the simple joy of relaxing in the outdoors.
William grew up in Miami.He and his dad had a great 　10　.They often fished together.“Fishing was so peaceful,” William recalls.“It was like a(n) 　11　.” Now he is happy to share his love of fishing with those fatherless kids.“I just want to 　12　 them that I care about them, and that I’m there for them,” he says.
When William explained his 　13　 to the captain of the charter boat, the captain offered him a great 　14　.So Take a Kid Fishing pays only $25 per kid to spend the day on the boat.Many kids choose to catch and release the fish, but on a recent trip with kids from a group home, they 　15　 the fish and enjoyed some delicious fish dishes that night.
Take a Kid Fishing has made more than 600 fishing trips with almost 2,000 fatherless kids.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述William Dunn创办“Take a Kid Fishing”这一非营利组织,并亲自带领贫穷和失去父亲的孩子去钓鱼,旨在传递帮助他人、传递爱心与关怀的积极信息。
1.A.joyful B.awkward
C.angry D.excited
√
解析　根据下文“He had stormed out of the house, shouting at his mom.”可知,卡姆兰对妈妈大喊大叫,怒气冲冲地冲出家门,所以他很生气。故选C项。
2.A.discussion B.speech
C.argument D.conversation
√
解析　根据下文“Camran shared that his 　　　　　　 　　wasn’t in his life.”可知,卡姆兰分享了自己的情况,他们开始交谈了。故选 D项。
3.A.friend B.dad
C.uncle D.neighbor
√
解析　根据下文“Now he is happy to share his love of fishing with those fatherless kids.”可知,威廉在帮助没有爸爸的孩子,结合卡姆兰的情况,可推断出卡姆兰的爸爸不在他身边。故选B项。
4.A.advice B.reason
C.permission D.decision
√
解析　根据下文“After that, the two fished together several times a week”可知,威廉和卡姆兰后来一起钓鱼了,所以威廉得到了卡姆兰妈妈的允许。故选C项。
5.A.positive B.complete
C.effective D.slight
√
解析　根据下文“That’s when I found it’s 　　　　　　 　　to help others”可知,威廉选择帮助别人,说明卡姆兰的行为有了积极的变化。故选A项。
6.A.difficult B.meaningful
C.common D.necessary
√
解析　根据威廉成立非营利组织Take a Kid Fishing可知,威廉认为帮助别人是有意义的。故选B项。
7.A.works out B.reaches out
C.cries out D.gives out
√
解析　根据下文“to local foster homes or group homes to invite the kids to spend the day on the water”可知,威廉会去寄养家庭或集体宿舍邀请孩子们,说明他主动联系了这些家庭。故选B项。
8.A.facts B.styles
C.basics D.parts
√
解析　根据上文“Many have never been fishing”可知,许多人从未钓过鱼,所以威廉需要从基础开始教他们。故选C项。
9.A.skills B.events
C.forms D.lessons
√
解析　根据下文“patience, teamwork and the simple joy of relaxing in the outdoors”可知,这些都是钓鱼带来的人生经验。故选D项。
10.A.relationship B.talk
C.adventure D.time
√
解析　根据下文“They often fished together.”可知,他们经常一起钓鱼,说明他们的关系很好。故选A项。
11.A.choice B.accident
C.experience D.escape
√
解析　根据上文“Fishing was so peaceful”可知,钓鱼很宁静,说明威廉认为钓鱼是一种逃离(繁杂的生活)。故选D项。
12.A.guide B.teach
C.show D.persuade
√
解析　根据下文“that I care about them, and that I’m there for them”可知,威廉想通过行动向孩子们展示他在乎他们,会一直在他们身边。故选C项。
13.A.task B.purpose
C.work D.project
√
解析　根据上文“I just want to 　　　　　　 　　them that I care about them, and that I’m there for them”可知,威廉向船长解释了他的目的。故选B项。
14.A.deal B.price
C.cost D.sale
√
解析　根据下文“So Take a Kid Fishing pays only $25 per kid to spend the day on the boat.”可知,Take a Kid Fishing组织每个孩子只需支付25美元就能在船上度过一天,说明船长给了威廉一个优惠。故选A项。
15.A.won B.bought
C.kept D.trapped
√
解析　根据下文“and enjoyed some delicious fish dishes that night”可知,孩子们享用了美味的鱼料理,说明他们把钓到的鱼留了下来。故选C项。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·临汾高一下期中)
A group of agricultural experts from China helped Zimbabwe build an agricultural demonstration village in Zvimba District, Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe in 2019.
The expert team helped villagers improve techniques by 1.　　　　 　　 (share) with them China’s experiences, and taught them 2.　　　　　　 　　 (raise) rabbits and chicken for meat based 3.　　　　　　 　　 local conditions.The different actions achieved 4.　　　　　　 (amaze) results.
The family of Ishaka was very poor, much like many of the families in his village.Although the family has a lot of land, 5.　　　　　　 　　 (they) crop yield was very low.The family has never had much food or clothing.
The Chinese expert team 6.　　　 　　 (give) the family a poverty alleviation (减贫) solution.They provided the family with some corn seeds, rabbits 7.　　　　　　 other farming materials, as well as helping Ishaka build rabbit pens.The team 8.　 　 (regular) visited other village households to give them technical guidance.
In just one and a half years, Ishaka’s life has had a huge change.The family had a good harvest, 9.　　　　　　 　　 means that they finally had food to eat.
The story of the Ishaka family is one example of China’s aid in Africa.The agricultural expert team will continue to provide 10.　　　　　　 　　 (way) to further the development of agriculture and poverty alleviation in the country.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了2019年,中国农业专家组帮助津巴布韦在西马绍纳兰省兹文巴区建设农业示范村,通过技术指导和物资援助帮助当地家庭提高产量、改善生活的故事。
1.sharing　[考查非谓语动词。句意:专家小组通过与村民分享中国的经验,帮助他们提高技术,并教他们根据当地情况饲养肉兔和肉鸡。空前“by”是介词,后面接动词-ing形式作宾语,表示“通过分享中国的经验来帮助村民改进技术”。故填sharing。]
2.to raise　[考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“teach sb to do sth”是固定搭配,意为“教某人做某事”,所以此处为动词不定式to raise作宾语补足语。故填to raise。]
3.on　[考查固定短语。句意同1题。“be based on”是固定短语,意为“根据;基于”,这里用based on local conditions作状语。故填on。]
4.amazing　[考查词性转换。句意:不同的行动取得了惊人的效果。此空修饰名词 results作定语,“amaze”的形容词形式有“amazing”和“amazed”,“amazing”表示“令人惊奇的”,修饰物;“amazed”表示“感到惊奇的”,修饰人。这里修饰“results”,所以用 amazing。故填amazing。]
5.their　[考查代词。句意:虽然这个家庭有很多土地,但他们的农作物产量很低。这里需要用形容词性物主代词修饰“crop yield”,表示“他们的庄稼产量”,“they”的形容词性物主代词是“their”,作定语。故填their。]
6.gave　[考查动词的时态。句意:中国专家组给了这家人一个扶贫方案。作谓语,文章讲述的是过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时,“give”的过去式是“gave”。故填gave。]
7.and　[考查连词。句意:他们为这个家庭提供了一些玉米种子、兔子和其他农业材料,并帮助伊沙卡建造了兔子圈。“some corn seeds, rabbits”和“other farming materials”并列作宾语,所以用and连接。故填and。]
8.regularly　[考查词性转换。句意:该小组定期走访其他村庄家庭,为他们提供技术指导。这里需要用副词修饰动词“visited”,“regular”的副词形式是“regularly”,表示“定期地,经常地”。故填regularly。]
9.which　[考查定语从句。句意:这个家庭有了一个好收成,这意味着他们终于有食物吃了。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是“The family had a good harvest” 这件事,关系代词在从句中作主语,用which 引导。故填which。]
10.ways　[考查名词的单复数。句意:农业专家组将继续为该国进一步发展农业和扶贫提供途径。“way”是可数名词,空前无修饰词,这里表示专家团队会继续提供多种方法来促进该国农业发展和减贫,所以用复数形式ways表泛指。故填ways。]