沪教牛津版新七下单词精讲精练 U1
音标:[ d va s]
词性词义:n.(名词)劝告;建议;意见
词性转换:advise(动词,劝告;建议;通知),advisable(形容词,明智的;可取的;适当
的),advisor(名词,顾问;劝告者)
短语搭配:take one's advice(接受某人的建议),ask for advice(征求意见)
例句及翻译:
Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well
(你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗?)
advice He took my advice and studied harder.(他接受了我的建议,学习更努力了。)
即学即练:
选择题:You should ____ your parents' ____ when you have problems.
A. take, advice B. give, advice C. ask for, advice
(答案:A。解析:当有问题时应该接受父母的建议,“take one's advice” 是固定短语,符合
语境,所以选 A。)
填空题:My teacher gave me a lot of good ____ (advise) on my study.
(答案:advice。解析:“a lot of” 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,“advice” 是不可数名词,
所以填 “advice”。)
音标:[ n k r d ]
词性词义:v.(动词)鼓励;激励;怂恿;促进
词性转换:encouragement(名词,鼓励;激励;促进),encouraging(形容词,令人鼓舞的;
鼓励的;振奋人心的),encouraged(形容词,受到鼓舞的;有信心的)
短语搭配:encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事),be encouraged by(受到…… 的鼓励)
例句及翻译:
Teachers often encourage us to read more books.(老师们经常鼓励我们多读些书。)
encourage His words encouraged me a lot.(他的话给了我很大的鼓励。)
即学即练:
选择题:My parents always ____ me ____ study hard.
A. encourage, to B. ask, for C. tell, about
(答案:A。解析:“encourage sb. to do sth.” 是固定短语,表示鼓励某人做某事,符合语境,
所以选 A。)
填空题:The good news ____ (encourage) us to work harder.
(答案:encouraged。解析:根据语境描述过去的动作,“encourage” 的过去式是 “encouraged”,
所以填 “encouraged”。)
音标:[ ten n]
词性词义:n.(名词)注意;注意力;照料;关怀
词性转换:attentive(形容词,注意的;专心的;留心的),attentively(副词,注意地;专心
地;留心地),inattentive(形容词,疏忽的;不注意的;漫不经心的)
短语搭配:pay attention to(注意;重视),draw attention(引起注意),catch one's attention
attention (引起某人的注意)
例句及翻译:
You should pay attention to your handwriting.(你应该注意你的书写。)
His strange clothes caught my attention.(他奇特的衣服引起了我的注意。)
即学即练:
选择题:Please ____ the teacher in class.
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A. pay attention to B. look for C. talk with
(答案:A。解析:上课要注意老师,“pay attention to” 符合语境,“look for” 是寻找,“talk with”
是与…… 交谈,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The beautiful picture ____ (draw attention).
(答案:drew attention。解析:根据语境描述过去的情况,“draw attention” 的过去式是 “drew
attention”,表示这幅漂亮的画引起了注意,所以填 “drew attention”。)
音标:[b d]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)无聊的;厌烦的;厌倦的
词性转换:bore(动词,使厌烦;使厌倦;钻孔;挖洞),boring(形容词,无聊的;令人厌
烦的;乏味的),boredom(名词,厌烦;厌倦;无聊)
短语搭配:be bored with(对…… 感到厌烦),get bored(变得厌烦)
例句及翻译:
I'm bored with this boring movie.(我对这部无聊的电影感到厌烦了。)
bored He gets bored easily when reading long texts.(他读长篇文章时很容易感到厌烦。)
即学即练:
选择题:She is ____ doing the same thing every day.
A. bored with B. interested in C. excited about
(答案:A。解析:每天做同样的事会让人感到厌烦,“be bored with” 符合语境,“interested in”
是对…… 感兴趣,“excited about” 是对…… 感到兴奋,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The children soon got ____ (bore) with the game.
(答案:bored。解析:“get + 形容词” 表示变得……,此处用 “bored” 表示孩子们很快对这
个游戏感到厌烦了,所以填 “bored”。)
音标:[ t fl]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)快乐的;愉快的;兴高采烈的
词性转换:cheer(动词,欢呼;喝彩;使高兴;为…… 加油),cheerfully(副词,快乐地;
愉快地;兴高采烈地),cheerfulness(名词,快乐;愉快;高兴)
短语搭配:be cheerful about(对…… 感到高兴),a cheerful face(一张快乐的脸),cheerful
mood(愉快的心情)
例句及翻译:
He always has a cheerful face.(他总是面带愉快的笑容。)
cheerful She is cheerful about the good news.(她对这个好消息感到很高兴。)
即学即练:
选择题:The little girl is very ____ today. She got a new toy.
A. sad B. angry C. cheerful
(答案:C。解析:小女孩得到新玩具应该是很高兴的,“cheerful” 符合语境,“sad” 是悲伤
的,“angry” 是生气的,都不符合此处表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:They greeted us ____ (cheerful).
(答案:cheerfully。解析:此处用副词 “cheerfully” 修饰动词 “greeted”,表示他们愉快地和
我们打招呼,所以填 “cheerfully”。)
音标:[k mju n ti]
词性词义:n.(名词)社区;社会;团体;群落;共同体
词性转换:communal(形容词,公共的;公社的;团体的;公用的),communize(动词,
使公有化;使公社化;使成为公有财产)
community
短语搭配:in the community(在社区里),community center(社区中心),local community
(当地社区)
例句及翻译:
There are many volunteers in our community.(我们社区里有很多志愿者。)
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They organized a party in the community center.(他们在社区中心组织了一场派对。)
即学即练:
选择题:People in the ____ often help each other.
A. community B. school C. hospital
(答案:A。解析:社区里的人们经常互相帮助,符合社区的特点,“school” 是学校,“hospital”
是医院,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The ____ (community) is very harmonious and friendly.
(答案:community。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “community” 表示这个社区很和谐友
好,所以填 “community”。)
音标:[fra d]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)油炸的;油煎的
词性转换:fry(动词,油炸;油煎;油炒),frying(名词,油炸;油煎;动词 fry 的现在
分词),fryer(名词,油炸锅;做油炸食品的人;可供油炸的食品)
短语搭配:fried chicken(炸鸡),fried fish(炸鱼),fried rice(炒饭)
例句及翻译:
I like eating fried chicken.(我喜欢吃炸鸡。)
fried He cooked some fried eggs for breakfast.(他早餐做了一些煎蛋。)
即学即练:
选择题:____ food is usually not very healthy.
A. Fried B. Boiled C. Steamed
(答案:A。解析:油炸食品通常不太健康,“Fried” 符合语境,“Boiled” 是水煮的,“Steamed”
是蒸的,相对更健康些,所以选 A。)
填空题:My mother made some delicious ____ (fry) potatoes for dinner.
(答案:fried。解析:此处用形容词 “fried” 修饰 “potatoes”,表示油炸土豆,所以填 “fried”。)
音标:[ fju t (r)]
词性词义:n.(名词)未来;将来;前途;前景;adj.(形容词)将来的;未来的
词性转换:futurist(名词,未来主义者;未来派艺术家;未来学家),futuristic(形容词,未
来派的;极新潮的;未来主义的),futurity(名词,未来;将来;后世;来世)
短语搭配:in the future(在将来;今后),future plan(未来计划),bright future(光明的前
途)
例句及翻译:
We don't know what will happen in the future.(我们不知道将来会发生什么。)(future 作名词)
future His future wife is a doctor.(他未来的妻子是一名医生。)(future 作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:I hope to become a scientist ____.
A. in the past B. at present C. in the future
(答案:C。解析:希望将来成为一名科学家,“in the future” 符合语境,“in the past” 是在过
去,“at present” 是目前,都不符合此处表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:She has a great ____ (future) ahead of her.
(答案:future。解析:“a” 后接可数名词单数,此处用 “future” 表示她有着美好的前途,所
以填 “future”。)
音标:[ med kl]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)医学的;医疗的;医药的;内科的
词性转换:medicinemedical (名词,药;医学;内科学),
medically(副词,医学上地;医药上地;
医疗上地),medic(名词,医生;医科学生;实习医生)
短语搭配:medical care(医疗护理),medical treatment(医疗;治疗),medical examination
(体格检查;体检)
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例句及翻译:
He needs to have a medical examination.(他需要进行一次体格检查。)
She wants to study medical science in college.(她想在大学里学习医学。)
即学即练:
选择题:My grandma gets free ____ treatment because she is old.
A. medical B. educational C. musical
(答案:A。解析:奶奶因为年纪大能得到免费的医疗治疗,“medical” 符合语境,“educational”
是教育的,“musical” 是音乐的,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The ____ (medicine) team went to the disaster area to help people.
(答案:medical。解析:此处用形容词 “medical” 修饰 “team”,表示医疗队,所以填
“medical”。)
音标:[r ta (r)]
词性词义:v.(动词)退休;退职;退役;退出;就寝
词性转换:retirement(名词,退休;退职;退役;退休生活),retired(形容词,退休的;退
职的;退役的;已退休的),retiring(名词,退休;动词 retire 的现在分词)
短语搭配:retire from(从…… 退休;从…… 退役),retire early(提前退休),go into retirement
(退休;退隐)
例句及翻译:
My father will retire next year.(我父亲明年将退休。)
retire He retired from the army five years ago.(他五年前从军队退役了。)
即学即练:
选择题:The old man ____ last year and now he enjoys his life at home.
A. retired B. worked C. studied
(答案:A。解析:老人去年退休了现在在家享受生活,“retired” 符合语境,“worked” 是工
作,“studied” 是学习,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:After ____ (retire ), he traveled around the world.
(答案:retiring。解析:“after” 是介词,后接动名词,此处用 “retiring” 表示退休后,所以
填 “retiring”。)
音标:[ seld m]
词性词义:adv.(副词)很少;不常
例句及翻译:
He seldom plays basketball.(他很少打篮球。)
She is seldom late for school.(她上学很少迟到。)
即学即练:
seldom 选择题:I ____ watch TV on weekdays because I'm too busy.
A. often B. always C. seldom
(答案:C。解析:工作日因为太忙所以很少看电视,“seldom” 符合语境,“often” 是经常,
“always” 是总是,都不符合此处表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:He ____ (seldom) goes to the cinema.
(答案:seldom。解析:此处用 “seldom” 表示他很少去电影院,符合其作为副词的用法,所
以填 “seldom”。)
音标:[smɑ t]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)聪明的;机灵的;时髦的;漂亮的;厉害的
smart 词性转换:
smartly(副词,潇洒地;漂亮地;伶俐地;巧妙地),smartness(名词,机灵;
聪明;时髦;整洁)
短语搭配:a smart student(一个聪明的学生),look smart(看上去漂亮;显得精神),smart
phone(智能手机)
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例句及翻译:
He is a smart boy and can solve many difficult problems.(他是一个聪明的男孩,能解决很多难
题。)
She always looks smart in her new clothes.(她穿上新衣服总是显得很漂亮。)
即学即练:
选择题:My sister is very ____. She can learn things quickly.
A. lazy B. smart C. stupid
(答案:B。解析:能快速学习东西说明很聪明,“smart” 符合语境,“lazy” 是懒惰的,“stupid”
是愚蠢的,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The little girl dressed ____ (smart) for the party.
(答案:smartly。解析:此处用副词 “smartly” 修饰动词 “dressed”,表示小女孩为派对打扮
得很漂亮,所以填 “smartly”。)
音标:[su n]
词性词义:adv.(副词)不久;很快;早;快
短语搭配:as soon as(一…… 就……),sooner or later(迟早;早晚),no sooner...than...
(一…… 就……,引导时间状语从句时,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时)
例句及翻译:
He will come back soon.(他很快就会回来。)
We'll leave as soon as he arrives.(他一到我们就离开。)
soon 即学即练:
选择题:I'll tell him the news ____ he comes back.
A. as soon as B. before C. after
(答案:A。解析:他一回来我就告诉他这个消息,“as soon as” 符合语境,“before” 是在……
之前,“after” 是在…… 之后,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:We hope to see you ____ (soon).
(答案:soon。解析:此处用 “soon” 表示希望很快见到你,符合其作为副词的用法,所以填
“soon”。)
音标:[str kt]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)严格的;严厉的;严谨的;精确的
词性转换:strictly(副词,严格地;严厉地;确切地;严谨地),strictness(名词,严格;严
厉;严谨;精确)
短语搭配:be strict with(对…… 严格要求,后常接人),be strict about(对…… 很严格,
后常接事物),a strict rule(一条严格的规定)
例句及翻译:
My mother is strict with me in my study.(我妈妈在我的学习方面对我要求很严格。)
strict Our teacher is strict about our homework.(我们老师对我们的作业要求很严格。)
即学即练:
选择题:The coach is ____ the players' training.
A. strict with B. strict about C. kind to
(答案:B。解析:教练对运动员的训练要求很严格,“be strict about” 后接事物,此处 “the
players' training” 是事物,所以选 B。)
填空题:Mr. Li is very ____ (strict) in his teaching work.
(答案:strict。解析:“be strict in” 表示在某方面严格,此处用形容词 “strict” 作表语,说明
李老师在教学工作方面很严格,所以填 “strict”。)
音标:[we r ev (r)]
wherever 词性词义:conj.(连词)无论在哪里;无论什么情况下;adv.(副词)无论什么地方;在任何
地方
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例句及翻译:
Wherever you go, I will follow you.(无论你去哪里,我都会跟着你。)(wherever 作连词)
You can find beautiful scenery wherever in this country(. 在这个国家的任何地方你都能发现美丽
的风景。)(wherever 作副词)
即学即练:
选择题:____ you are, don't forget to call your parents.
A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever
(答案:C。解析:无论你在哪里,都别忘了给父母打电话,此处强调地点,“Wherever” 符
合语境,“Whenever” 是无论何时,“However” 是无论怎样,都不符合,所以选 C。)
填空题:____ (Wherever) he travels, he likes to try local food.
(答案:Wherever。解析:此处用 “Wherever” 引导让步状语从句,表示无论他去哪里旅行,
都喜欢尝试当地食物,所以填 “Wherever”。)
音标:[ rel t v]
词性词义:n.(名词)亲戚;亲属;adj.(形容词)相对的;比较的;相关的
词性转换:relation(名词,关系;联系;亲属关系),relatively(副词,相对地;比较地;
相当地),relativity(名词,相对性;相对论)
短语搭配:close relative(近亲),distant relative(远亲),relative to(关于;涉及;与…… 相
比)
例句及翻译:
My relatives came to visit us last weekend.(我的亲戚上周末来看望我们了。)(relative 作名词)
relative The price of this house is relative to its location(. 这所房子的价格与它的地理位置有关。)(relative
作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:He is a ____ of mine. We share the same grandparents.
A. friend B. relative C. neighbor
(答案:B。解析:有共同的祖父母说明是亲戚关系,“relative” 符合语境,“friend” 是朋友,
“neighbor” 是邻居,都不符合,所以选 B。)
填空题:The two problems are ____ (relative) easy to solve.
(答案:relatively。解析:此处用副词 “relatively” 修饰形容词 “easy”,表示这两个问题相对
容易解决,所以填 “relatively”。)
音标:[ ju n f m]
词性词义:n.(名词)制服;校服;adj.(形容词)统一的;一致的;相同的
词性转换:uniformity(名词,一致;统一;均匀性),uniformize(动词,使一致;使统一;
使均匀),uniformed(形容词,穿着制服的;穿军服的)
短语搭配:school uniform(校服),in uniform(穿着制服),wear a uniform(穿制服)
例句及翻译:
Students in our school have to wear school uniforms.(我们学校的学生必须穿校服。)(uniform
作名词)
uniform All the boxes are of uniform size.(所有的盒子大小都一样。)(uniform 作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:The police officers are ____ when they are on duty.
A. in uniform B. in casual clothes C. in fashion
(答案:A。解析:警察执勤时穿制服,“in uniform” 符合语境,“in casual clothes” 是穿着便
服,“in fashion” 是流行的,都不符合,所以选 A。)
填空题:The team members wore ____ (uniform) clothes to show unity.
(答案:uniform。解析:此处用形容词 “uniform” 修饰 “clothes”,表示统一的服装,所以填
“uniform”。)
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音标:[ p s n l ti]
词性词义:n.(名词)个性;性格;人格;名人;人物
词性转换:personal(形容词,个人的;私人的;亲自的),personally(副词,亲自地;就个
人而言;个别地),personify(动词,是…… 的典范;拟人化;使人格化)
短语搭配:strong personality(个性很强),a warm personality(热情的性格),have a good
personality(性格好)
例句及翻译:
She has a very outgoing personality.(她有非常外向的性格。)
personality His personality makes him popular among his friends.(他的性格使他在朋友中很受欢迎。)
即学即练:
选择题:My brother has a ____ personality. He is always full of energy.
A. lively B. boring C. shy
(答案:A。解析:总是充满活力说明个性活泼,“lively” 符合语境,“boring” 是无聊的,“shy”
是害羞的,都不符合,所以选 A。)
填空题:The ____ (personal) of the new teacher impressed us a lot.
(答案:personality。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “personality” 表示这位新老师的性格给
我们留下了深刻印象,所以填 “personality”。)
音标:[ k r kt r st k]
词性词义:n.(名词)特征;特点;特性;adj.(形容词)典型的;特有的;表示特性的
词性转换:character(名词,性格;品质;角色;文字),characterize(动词,描绘…… 的
特性;具有…… 的特征;以…… 为特点),characteristically(副词,典型地;特有地;表
示特性地)
短语搭配:main characteristic(主要特征),characteristic of(是…… 的特点;具有…… 的
特性),physical characteristic(身体特征)
例句及翻译:
One characteristic of tigers is that they are very fierce.(老虎的一个特点是它们很凶猛。)
characteristic (characteristic 作名词)
His characteristic smile makes him easy to recognize.(他那特有的微笑使他很容易被认出来。)
(characteristic 作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:Honesty is a good ____ of a person.
A. habit B. characteristic C. hobby
(答案:B。解析:诚实是一个人的良好特性,“characteristic” 符合语境,“habit” 是习惯,“hobby”
是爱好,都不符合,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (characteristic) of this plant are very interesting.
(答案:characteristics。解析:根据谓语动词 “are” 可知主语用复数形式,此处用
“characteristics” 表示这种植物的特性很有趣,所以填 “characteristics”。)
音标:[ kt v]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)活跃的;积极的;主动的;有效的;现役的
词性转换:activity(名词,活动;行动;活跃),actively(副词,积极地;活跃地;主动地),
activate(动词,激活;使活动;使活化)
短语搭配:be active in(在…… 方面积极),take an active part in(积极参加),active voice
active
(主动语态)
例句及翻译:
He is very active in class and always answers questions.(他在课堂上很活跃,总是回答问题。)
She takes an active part in all kinds of sports.(她积极参加各种各样的体育活动。)
即学即练:
第 7 页 共 12 页
选择题:The students are ____ in the school's art club.
A. active B. lazy C. silent
(答案:A。解析:学生在学校艺术俱乐部里很积极,“active” 符合语境,“lazy” 是懒惰的,
“silent” 是沉默的,都不符合,所以选 A。)
填空题:They should ____ (active) participate in volunteer activities.
(答案:actively。解析:此处用副词 “actively” 修饰动词 “participate”,表示他们应该积极
参与志愿者活动,所以填 “actively”。)
音标:[ k mp t n]
词性词义:n.(名词)比赛;竞赛;竞争;角逐
词性转换:compete(动词,竞争;比赛;对抗),competitive(形容词,竞争的;比赛的;
求胜心切的),competitor(名词,竞争者;对手;参赛者)
短语搭配:take part in a competition(参加比赛),win a competition(赢得比赛),a fierce
competition(激烈的竞争)
例句及翻译:
There will be a singing competition next week.(下周将有一场歌唱比赛。)
competition He won the writing competition last year.(他去年赢得了写作比赛。)
即学即练:
选择题:Many students want to ____ the English speech ____.
A. take part in, competition B. join, club C. enter, team
(答案:A。解析:想参加英语演讲比赛用 “take part in a competition”,“join” 后常接组织、
团体等,“enter” 表示进入,不符合参加比赛的表达,所以选 A。)
填空题:The ____ (compete) in the job market is very fierce nowadays.
(答案:competition。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “competition” 表示如今就业市场的竞
争很激烈,所以填 “competition”。)
音标:[ smɑ tf n]
词性词义:n.(名词)智能手机
短语搭配:use a smartphone(使用智能手机),play games on smartphone(在智能手机上玩游
戏),smartphone apps(智能手机应用程序)
例句及翻译:
Most people have a smartphone nowadays.(如今大多数人都有一部智能手机。)
He often uses his smartphone to take pictures.(他经常用他的智能手机拍照。)
smartphone 即学即练:
选择题:We can do many things with a ____, like shopping and chatting.
A. smartphone B. computer C. TV
(答案:A。解析:能做像购物、聊天等很多事的是智能手机,“computer” 是电脑,“TV” 是
电视,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:My ____ (smartphone) is very useful in my daily life.
(答案:smartphone。解析:“My” 后接名词,此处用 “smartphone” 表示我的智能手机在日
常生活中很有用,所以填 “smartphone”。)
音标:[ t p k]
词性词义:n.(名词)话题;主题;题目
短语搭配:talk about a topic(谈论一个话题),choose a topic(选择一个话题),hot topic(热
门话题)
topic
例句及翻译:
We discussed an interesting topic in class today.(我们今天在课堂上讨论了一个有趣的话题。)
His speech's topic is about environmental protection.(他演讲的主题是关于环境保护的。)
即学即练:
第 8 页 共 12 页
选择题:What's the ____ of your article
A. title B. topic C. content
(答案:B。解析:问文章的主题用 “topic”,“title” 是标题,“content” 是内容,都不符合此
处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (topic) of the meeting is very important for us.
(答案:topic。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “topic” 表示会议的主题对我们很重要,所
以填 “topic”。)
音标:[ wa zli]
词性词义:adv.(副词)明智地;聪明地;英明地
词性转换:wise(形容词,明智的;聪明的;博学的;有见识的;英明的),wisdom(名词,
智慧;才智;明智;学问)
例句及翻译:
He spent his money wisely.(他明智地花他的钱。)
She answered the question wisely.(她明智地回答了那个问题。)
wisely 即学即练:
选择题:You should use your time ____.
A. quickly B. carefully C. wisely
(答案:C。解析:应该明智地利用时间,“wisely” 符合语境,“quickly” 是快速地,“carefully”
是仔细地,都不符合此处表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:The king ruled the country ____ (wise).
(答案:wisely。解析:此处用副词 “wisely” 修饰动词 “ruled”,表示国王英明地统治国家,
所以填 “wisely”。)
音标:[ n r ]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)狭窄的;狭隘的;勉强的;v.(动词)使变狭窄;缩小;变窄
词性转换:narrowly(副词,勉强地;狭窄地;严密地;仔细地),narrowness(名词,狭窄;
狭隘;狭小),widen(动词,放宽;变宽;扩大;加宽)
短语搭配:a narrow street(一条狭窄的街道),narrow escape(九死一生;幸免于难),narrow
down(缩小;减少;变窄)
例句及翻译:
The road is too narrow for two cars to pass(. 这条路太窄了,两辆车无法同时通过。)(narrow 作
形容词)
narrow They are trying to narrow down the list of candidates(. 他们正在试图缩小候选人名单。)(narrow
作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:He had a ____ escape from the accident.
A. narrow B. wide C. easy
(答案:A。解析:“narrow escape” 是固定短语,表示九死一生,符合语境,“wide” 是宽的,
“easy” 是容易的,都不符合,所以选 A。)
填空题:The river ____ (narrow) as it flows downstream.
(答案:narrows。解析:此处用一般现在时,主语 “The river” 是第三人称单数,“narrow” 作
为动词,其第三人称单数形式是 “narrows”,表示河流往下游流时变窄了,所以填 “narrows”。)
音标:[ n la n]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)在线的;联网的;网上的;adv.(副词)在线地;联网地;在网上
短语搭配:online shopping(网上购物),go online(上网),online course(在线课程)
online
例句及翻译:
Many people like online shopping nowadays.(如今很多人喜欢网上购物。)(online 作形容词)
You can study English online.(你可以在网上学习英语。)(online 作副词)
第 9 页 共 12 页
即学即练:
选择题:I often buy clothes ____.
A. in the shop B. online C. at the market
(答案:B。解析:经常买衣服的方式是在网上,“online” 符合语境,“in the shop” 是在商店
里,“at the market” 是在市场,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:He studies math ____ (online).
(答案:online。解析:此处用 “online” 作副词修饰动词 “studies”,表示他在网上学习数学,
所以填 “online”。)
音标:[ a (r)]
词性词义:n.(名词)淋浴;阵雨;洗澡;v.(动词)冲;淋浴;下阵雨
词性转换:showery(形容词,阵雨的;多阵雨的),showering(名词,淋浴;动词 shower 的
现在分词),showerless(形容词,无淋浴设备的;无阵雨的)
短语搭配:take a shower(洗淋浴),a heavy shower(一场大雨;一阵大雨),shower with
(大量给予;抛撒)
例句及翻译:
I usually take a shower in the morning.(我通常在早上洗淋浴。)(shower 作名词)
shower It showered heavily last night.(昨晚下了一场大雨。)(shower 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:After running, he went home and ____ to make himself clean.
A. took a bath B. took a shower C. washed his face
(答案:B。解析:跑步后回家为了让自己变干净,通常会洗淋浴,“took a shower” 符合语境,
“took a bath” 是泡澡,“washed his face” 只是洗脸,范围较窄,不符合整体清洁的表意,所以
选 B。)
填空题:There was a sudden ____ (shower) on our way home.
(答案:shower。解析:“a” 后接可数名词单数,此处用 “shower” 表示在回家路上突然下了
一场阵雨,所以填 “shower”。)
音标:[sa t]
词性词义:n.(名词)地点;场所;网站;遗址;v.(动词)使坐落在;为…… 选址
词性转换:siting(名词,选址;动词 site 的现在分词),site-specific(形容词,特定场地的;
针对特定地点的)
短语搭配:construction site(建筑工地),website(网站),historical site(历史遗址),on site
(在现场;就地)
例句及翻译:
They are building a new factory on this site.(他们正在这块地点上建造一座新工厂。)(site 作
名词)
site The company sited the new office near the subway station.(公司把新办公室选在地铁站附近。)
(site 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:We visited a famous ____ last weekend.
A. school B. historical site C. park
(答案:B。解析:上周末去参观的通常是著名的历史遗址,“historical site” 符合语境,“school”
是学校,“park” 是公园,都不符合此处表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (site) of the new shopping mall has been decided.
(答案:site。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “site” 表示新购物中心的选址已经确定了,所
以填 “site”。)
音标:[ su p m n]
superman
词性词义:n.(名词)超人;有非凡能力的人
第 10 页 共 12 页
词性转换:superhuman(形容词,超人的;超乎常人的;非凡的),superhero(名词,超级
英雄;与 superman 类似概念),superpower(名词,超级力量;超能力;强国)
短语搭配:act like a superman(表现得像超人一样),superman suit(超人服装),be a superman
in(在…… 方面像超人一样厉害)
例句及翻译:
Children often dream of becoming a superman.(孩子们常常梦想成为超人。)
He worked like a superman and finished all the tasks in one day.(他像超人一样工作,一天内就
完成了所有任务。)
即学即练:
选择题:In the movie, the main character has ____ strength and can fly.
A. normal B. superhuman C. weak
(答案:B。解析:电影里主角有超人的力量还能飞,“superhuman” 符合语境,“normal” 是
正常的,“weak” 是虚弱的,都不符合描述,所以选 B。)
填空题:My brother is a ____ (superman) when it comes to fixing things at home.
(答案:superman。解析:此处用 “superman” 表示我哥哥在家修理东西时就像个超人一样厉
害,所以填 “superman”。)
音标:[ɡ v p]
词性词义:短语动词,放弃;认输;停止;戒除
短语搭配:give up doing sth.(放弃做某事),give up smoking(戒烟),give oneself up(自
首;投案)
例句及翻译:
Don't give up easily when you face difficulties.(当你面对困难时,不要轻易放弃。)
He gave up smoking last year.(他去年戒了烟。)
give up 即学即练:
选择题:You should never ____ your dreams.
A. give up B. give in C. give out
(答案:A。解析:永远都不应该放弃梦想,“give up” 符合语境,“give in” 是屈服、让步,“give
out” 是分发、发出(光、热等),都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:She decided to ____ (give up) learning the piano because she was too busy.
(答案:give up。解析:“decide to do sth.” 表示决定做某事,此处用动词原形短语 “give up” 后
接动名词 “learning the piano” 表示决定放弃学钢琴,所以填 “give up”。)
音标:[bi str kt ba t]
词性词义:短语动词,对…… 很严格;对…… 要求很严
例句及翻译:
Our teacher is strict about our homework.(我们老师对我们的作业要求很严格。)
My parents are strict about my study time.(我的父母对我的学习时间要求很严格。)
即学即练:
be strict about 选择题:The boss is ____ the quality of the products.
A. strict about B. strict with C. kind to
(答案:A。解析:老板对产品质量要求很严格,“be strict about” 后接事物,此处 “the quality
of the products” 是事物,所以选 A。)
填空题:She is always ____ (对…… 很严格) her diet to keep healthy.
(答案:be strict about。解析:此处用 “be strict about” 表示她总是对自己的饮食很严格以保
持健康,符合短语用法,所以填 “be strict about”。)
音标:[ n fju t (r)]
in the future 词性词义:短语,在将来;今后
例句及翻译:
第 11 页 共 12 页
In the future, I want to be a scientist.(在将来,我想成为一名科学家。)
We should work hard now to have a better life in the future.(我们现在应该努力工作,以便将来
能有更好的生活。)
即学即练:
选择题:____, people may live on other planets.
A. In the past B. At present C. In the future
(答案:C。解析:人们可能在将来居住在其他星球上,“In the future” 符合语境,“In the past”
是在过去,“At present” 是目前,都不符合此处表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:I hope to travel around the world ____ (in the future).
(答案:in the future。解析:此处用 “in the future” 置于句末,表达我希望在将来环游世界的
意思,所以填 “in the future”。)
音标:[ju st tu ]
词性词义:短语动词,过去常常;曾经(后接动词原形,用于描述过去经常发生但现在不再
发生的动作或存在的状态)
例句及翻译:
I used to play basketball every day, but now I'm too busy.(我过去每天都打篮球,但现在我太忙
了。)
He used to be shy, but he has become outgoing.(他过去很害羞,但现在变得外向了。)
used to 即学即练:
选择题:She ____ have long hair, but now she has short hair.
A. used to B. is used to C. gets used to
(答案:A。解析:她过去留长发,现在是短发,描述过去常有的情况用 “used to”,“is used to”
和 “gets used to” 都表示习惯于,不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:They ____ (过去常常) go fishing together when they were children.
(答案:used to。解析:此处用 “used to” 后接动词原形 “go fishing”,表示他们小时候曾经
一起去钓鱼,符合短语用法,所以填 “used to”。)
音标:[bi w rid ba t]
词性词义:短语动词,为…… 担心;担忧
例句及翻译:
My mother is worried about my health.(我妈妈为我的健康担心。)
Don't be worried about the exam. It will be okay.(不要为考试担心。会没事的。)
be worried 即学即练:
about 选择题:She ____ her son because he didn't come home on time.
A. is worried about B. is proud of C. is interested in
(答案:A。解析:儿子没按时回家,妈妈会担心,“is worried about” 符合语境,“is proud of”
是为…… 骄傲,“is interested in” 是对…… 感兴趣,都不符合此处表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:He ____ (为…… 担心) his job interview tomorrow.
(答案:is worried about。解析:此处用 “is worried about” 表示他为明天的工作面试担心,
符合短语用法,所以填 “is worried about”。)
第 12 页 共 12 页沪教牛津版新七下单词精讲精练 U1
音标:[ d va s]
词性词义:n.(名词)劝告;建议;意见
词性转换:advise(动词,劝告;建议;通知),advisable(形容词,明智的;可取的;适
当的),advisor(名词,顾问;劝告者)
短语搭配:take one's advice(接受某人的建议),ask for advice(征求意见)
例句及翻译:
advice Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well
(你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗?)
He took my advice and studied harder.(他接受了我的建议,学习更努力了。)
即学即练:
选择题:You should ____ your parents' ____ when you have problems.
A. take, advice B. give, advice C. ask for, advice
填空题:My teacher gave me a lot of good ____ (advise) on my study.
音标:[ n k r d ]
词性词义:v.(动词)鼓励;激励;怂恿;促进
词性转换:encouragement(名词,鼓励;激励;促进),encouraging(形容词,令人鼓舞的;
鼓励的;振奋人心的),encouraged(形容词,受到鼓舞的;有信心的)
短语搭配:encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事),be encouraged by(受到…… 的鼓励)
例句及翻译:
encourage Teachers often encourage us to read more books.(老师们经常鼓励我们多读些书。)
His words encouraged me a lot.(他的话给了我很大的鼓励。)
即学即练:
选择题:My parents always ____ me ____ study hard.
A. encourage, to B. ask, for C. tell, about
填空题:The good news ____ (encourage) us to work harder.
音标:[ ten n]
词性词义:n.(名词)注意;注意力;照料;关怀
词性转换:attentive(形容词,注意的;专心的;留心的),attentively(副词,注意地;专
心地;留心地),inattentive(形容词,疏忽的;不注意的;漫不经心的)
短语搭配:pay attention to(注意;重视),draw attention(引起注意),catch one's attention
(引起某人的注意)
attention 例句及翻译:
You should pay attention to your handwriting.(你应该注意你的书写。)
His strange clothes caught my attention.(他奇特的衣服引起了我的注意。)
即学即练:
选择题:Please ____ the teacher in class.
A. pay attention to B. look for C. talk with
填空题:The beautiful picture ____ (draw attention).
音标:[b d]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)无聊的;厌烦的;厌倦的
bored 词性转换:bore(动词,使厌烦;使厌倦;钻孔;挖洞),boring(形容词,无聊的;令人
厌烦的;乏味的),boredom(名词,厌烦;厌倦;无聊)
短语搭配:be bored with(对…… 感到厌烦),get bored(变得厌烦)
第 1 页 共 10 页
例句及翻译:
I'm bored with this boring movie.(我对这部无聊的电影感到厌烦了。)
He gets bored easily when reading long texts.(他读长篇文章时很容易感到厌烦。)
即学即练:
选择题:She is ____ doing the same thing every day.
A. bored with B. interested in C. excited about
填空题:The children soon got ____ (bore) with the game.
音标:[ t fl]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)快乐的;愉快的;兴高采烈的
词性转换:cheer(动词,欢呼;喝彩;使高兴;为…… 加油),cheerfully(副词,快乐地;
愉快地;兴高采烈地),cheerfulness(名词,快乐;愉快;高兴)
短语搭配:be cheerful about(对…… 感到高兴),a cheerful face(一张快乐的脸),cheerful
mood(愉快的心情)
例句及翻译:
cheerful
He always has a cheerful face.(他总是面带愉快的笑容。)
She is cheerful about the good news.(她对这个好消息感到很高兴。)
即学即练:
选择题:The little girl is very ____ today. She got a new toy.
A. sad B. angry C. cheerful
填空题:They greeted us ____ (cheerful).
音标:[k mju n ti]
词性词义:n.(名词)社区;社会;团体;群落;共同体
词性转换:communal(形容词,公共的;公社的;团体的;公用的),communize(动词,
使公有化;使公社化;使成为公有财产)
短语搭配:in the community(在社区里),community center(社区中心),local community
(当地社区)
community 例句及翻译:
There are many volunteers in our community.(我们社区里有很多志愿者。)
They organized a party in the community center.(他们在社区中心组织了一场派对。)
即学即练:
选择题:People in the ____ often help each other.
A. community B. school C. hospital
填空题:The ____ (community) is very harmonious and friendly.
音标:[fra d]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)油炸的;油煎的
词性转换:fry(动词,油炸;油煎;油炒),frying(名词,油炸;油煎;动词 fry 的现在
分词),fryer(名词,油炸锅;做油炸食品的人;可供油炸的食品)
短语搭配:fried chicken(炸鸡),fried fish(炸鱼),fried rice(炒饭)
fried 例句及翻译:
I like eating fried chicken.(我喜欢吃炸鸡。)
He cooked some fried eggs for breakfast.(他早餐做了一些煎蛋。)
即学即练:
选择题:____ food is usually not very healthy.
A. Fried B. Boiled C. Steamed
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填空题:My mother made some delicious ____ (fry) potatoes for dinner.
音标:[ fju t (r)]
词性词义:n.(名词)未来;将来;前途;前景;adj.(形容词)将来的;未来的
词性转换:futurist(名词,未来主义者;未来派艺术家;未来学家),futuristic(形容词,
未来派的;极新潮的;未来主义的),futurity(名词,未来;将来;后世;来世)
短语搭配:in the future(在将来;今后),future plan(未来计划),bright future(光明的
前途)
例句及翻译:
future
We don't know what will happen in the future.(我们不知道将来会发生什么。)(future 作名
词)
His future wife is a doctor.(他未来的妻子是一名医生。)(future 作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:I hope to become a scientist ____.
A. in the past B. at present C. in the future
填空题:She has a great ____ (future) ahead of her.
音标:[ med kl]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)医学的;医疗的;医药的;内科的
词性转换:medicine(名词,药;医学;内科学),medically(副词,医学上地;医药上地;
医疗上地),medic(名词,医生;医科学生;实习医生)
短语搭配:medical care(医疗护理),medical treatment(医疗;治疗),medical examination
(体格检查;体检)
medical 例句及翻译:
He needs to have a medical examination.(他需要进行一次体格检查。)
She wants to study medical science in college.(她想在大学里学习医学。)
即学即练:
选择题:My grandma gets free ____ treatment because she is old.
A. medical B. educational C. musical
填空题:The ____ (medicine) team went to the disaster area to help people.
音标:[r ta (r)]
词性词义:v.(动词)退休;退职;退役;退出;就寝
词性转换:retirement(名词,退休;退职;退役;退休生活),retired(形容词,退休的;
退职的;退役的;已退休的),retiring(名词,退休;动词 retire 的现在分词)
短语搭配:retire from(从…… 退休;从…… 退役),retire early(提前退休),go into retirement
(退休;退隐)
retire 例句及翻译:
My father will retire next year.(我父亲明年将退休。)
He retired from the army five years ago.(他五年前从军队退役了。)
即学即练:
选择题:The old man ____ last year and now he enjoys his life at home.
A. retired B. worked C. studied
填空题:After ____ (retire ), he traveled around the world.
音标:[ seld m]
词性词义:adv.(副词)很少;不常
seldom 例句及翻译:
He seldom plays basketball.(他很少打篮球。)
She is seldom late for school.(她上学很少迟到。)
第 3 页 共 10 页
即学即练:
选择题:I ____ watch TV on weekdays because I'm too busy.
A. often B. always C. seldom
填空题:He ____ (seldom) goes to the cinema.
音标:[smɑ t]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)聪明的;机灵的;时髦的;漂亮的;厉害的
词性转换:smartly(副词,潇洒地;漂亮地;伶俐地;巧妙地),smartness(名词,机灵;
聪明;时髦;整洁)
短语搭配:a smart student(一个聪明的学生),look smart(看上去漂亮;显得精神),smart
phone(智能手机)
例句及翻译:
smart
He is a smart boy and can solve many difficult problems.(他是一个聪明的男孩,能解决很多难
题。)
She always looks smart in her new clothes.(她穿上新衣服总是显得很漂亮。)
即学即练:
选择题:My sister is very ____. She can learn things quickly.
A. lazy B. smart C. stupid
填空题:The little girl dressed ____ (smart) for the party.
音标:[su n]
词性词义:adv.(副词)不久;很快;早;快
短语搭配:as soon as(一…… 就……),sooner or later(迟早;早晚),no sooner...than...
(一…… 就……,引导时间状语从句时,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时)
例句及翻译:
soon He will come back soon.(他很快就会回来。)
We'll leave as soon as he arrives.(他一到我们就离开。)
即学即练:
选择题:I'll tell him the news ____ he comes back.
A. as soon as B. before C. after
填空题:We hope to see you ____ (soon).
音标:[str kt]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)严格的;严厉的;严谨的;精确的
词性转换:strictly(副词,严格地;严厉地;确切地;严谨地),strictness(名词,严格;
严厉;严谨;精确)
短语搭配:be strict with(对…… 严格要求,后常接人),be strict about(对…… 很严格,
后常接事物),a strict rule(一条严格的规定)
strict 例句及翻译:
My mother is strict with me in my study.(我妈妈在我的学习方面对我要求很严格。)
Our teacher is strict about our homework.(我们老师对我们的作业要求很严格。)
即学即练:
选择题:The coach is ____ the players' training.
A. strict with B. strict about C. kind to
填空题:Mr. Li is very ____ (strict) in his teaching work.
音标:[we r ev (r)]
词性词义:conj.(连词)无论在哪里;无论什么情况下;adv.(副词)无论什么地方;在任
wherever
何地方
例句及翻译:
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Wherever you go, I will follow you.(无论你去哪里,我都会跟着你。)(wherever 作连词)
You can find beautiful scenery wherever in this country.(在这个国家的任何地方你都能发现美
丽的风景。)(wherever 作副词)
即学即练:
选择题:____ you are, don't forget to call your parents.
A. Whenever B. However C. Wherever
填空题:____ (Wherever) he travels, he likes to try local food.
音标:[ rel t v]
词性词义:n.(名词)亲戚;亲属;adj.(形容词)相对的;比较的;相关的
词性转换:relation(名词,关系;联系;亲属关系),relatively(副词,相对地;比较地;
相当地),relativity(名词,相对性;相对论)
短语搭配:close relative(近亲),distant relative(远亲),relative to(关于;涉及;与……
相比)
例句及翻译:
relative My relatives came to visit us last weekend.(我的亲戚上周末来看望我们了。)(relative 作名
词)
The price of this house is relative to its location.(这所房子的价格与它的地理位置有关。)
(relative 作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:He is a ____ of mine. We share the same grandparents.
A. friend B. relative C. neighbor
填空题:The two problems are ____ (relative) easy to solve.
音标:[ ju n f m]
词性词义:n.(名词)制服;校服;adj.(形容词)统一的;一致的;相同的
词性转换:uniformity(名词,一致;统一;均匀性),uniformize(动词,使一致;使统一;
使均匀),uniformed(形容词,穿着制服的;穿军服的)
短语搭配:school uniform(校服),in uniform(穿着制服),wear a uniform(穿制服)
例句及翻译:
uniform Students in our school have to wear school uniforms.(我们学校的学生必须穿校服。)(uniform
作名词)
All the boxes are of uniform size.(所有的盒子大小都一样。)(uniform 作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:The police officers are ____ when they are on duty.
A. in uniform B. in casual clothes C. in fashion
填空题:The team members wore ____ (uniform) clothes to show unity.
音标:[ p s n l ti]
词性词义:n.(名词)个性;性格;人格;名人;人物
词性转换:personal(形容词,个人的;私人的;亲自的),personally(副词,亲自地;就
个人而言;个别地),personify(动词,是…… 的典范;拟人化;使人格化)
短语搭配:strong personality(个性很强),a warm personality(热情的性格),have a good
personality personality(性格好)
例句及翻译:
She has a very outgoing personality.(她有非常外向的性格。)
His personality makes him popular among his friends.(他的性格使他在朋友中很受欢迎。)
即学即练:
选择题:My brother has a ____ personality. He is always full of energy.
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A. lively B. boring C. shy
填空题:The ____ (personal) of the new teacher impressed us a lot.
音标:[ k r kt r st k]
词性词义:n.(名词)特征;特点;特性;adj.(形容词)典型的;特有的;表示特性的
词性转换:character(名词,性格;品质;角色;文字),characterize(动词,描绘…… 的
特性;具有…… 的特征;以…… 为特点),characteristically(副词,典型地;特有地;表
示特性地)
短语搭配:main characteristic(主要特征),characteristic of(是…… 的特点;具有…… 的
特性),physical characteristic(身体特征)
例句及翻译:
characteristic
One characteristic of tigers is that they are very fierce.(老虎的一个特点是它们很凶猛。)
(characteristic 作名词)
His characteristic smile makes him easy to recognize.(他那特有的微笑使他很容易被认出来。)
(characteristic 作形容词)
即学即练:
选择题:Honesty is a good ____ of a person.
A. habit B. characteristic C. hobby
填空题:The ____ (characteristic) of this plant are very interesting.
音标:[ kt v]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)活跃的;积极的;主动的;有效的;现役的
词性转换:activity(名词,活动;行动;活跃),actively(副词,积极地;活跃地;主动
地),activate(动词,激活;使活动;使活化)
短语搭配:be active in(在…… 方面积极),take an active part in(积极参加),active voice
(主动语态)
active 例句及翻译:
He is very active in class and always answers questions.(他在课堂上很活跃,总是回答问题。)
She takes an active part in all kinds of sports.(她积极参加各种各样的体育活动。)
即学即练:
选择题:The students are ____ in the school's art club.
A. active B. lazy C. silent
填空题:They should ____ (active) participate in volunteer activities.
音标:[ k mp t n]
词性词义:n.(名词)比赛;竞赛;竞争;角逐
词性转换:compete(动词,竞争;比赛;对抗),competitive(形容词,竞争的;比赛的;
求胜心切的),competitor(名词,竞争者;对手;参赛者)
短语搭配:take part in a competition(参加比赛),win a competition(赢得比赛),a fierce
competition(激烈的竞争)
competition 例句及翻译:
There will be a singing competition next week.(下周将有一场歌唱比赛。)
He won the writing competition last year.(他去年赢得了写作比赛。)
即学即练:
选择题:Many students want to ____ the English speech ____.
A. take part in, competition B. join, club C. enter, team
填空题:The ____ (compete) in the job market is very fierce nowadays.
音标:[ smɑ tf n]
smartphone
词性词义:n.(名词)智能手机
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短语搭配:use a smartphone(使用智能手机),play games on smartphone(在智能手机上玩
游戏),smartphone apps(智能手机应用程序)
例句及翻译:
Most people have a smartphone nowadays.(如今大多数人都有一部智能手机。)
He often uses his smartphone to take pictures.(他经常用他的智能手机拍照。)
即学即练:
选择题:We can do many things with a ____, like shopping and chatting.
A. smartphone B. computer C. TV
填空题:My ____ (smartphone) is very useful in my daily life.
音标:[ t p k]
词性词义:n.(名词)话题;主题;题目
短语搭配:talk about a topic(谈论一个话题),choose a topic(选择一个话题),hot topic
(热门话题)
例句及翻译:
topic We discussed an interesting topic in class today.(我们今天在课堂上讨论了一个有趣的话题。)
His speech's topic is about environmental protection.(他演讲的主题是关于环境保护的。)
即学即练:
选择题:What's the ____ of your article
A. title B. topic C. content
填空题:The ____ (topic) of the meeting is very important for us.
音标:[ wa zli]
词性词义:adv.(副词)明智地;聪明地;英明地
词性转换:wise(形容词,明智的;聪明的;博学的;有见识的;英明的),wisdom(名词,
智慧;才智;明智;学问)
例句及翻译:
wisely He spent his money wisely.(他明智地花他的钱。)
She answered the question wisely.(她明智地回答了那个问题。)
即学即练:
选择题:You should use your time ____.
A. quickly B. carefully C. wisely
填空题:The king ruled the country ____ (wise).
音标:[ n r ]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)狭窄的;狭隘的;勉强的;v.(动词)使变狭窄;缩小;变窄
词性转换:narrowly(副词,勉强地;狭窄地;严密地;仔细地),narrowness(名词,狭
窄;狭隘;狭小),widen(动词,放宽;变宽;扩大;加宽)
短语搭配:a narrow street(一条狭窄的街道),narrow escape(九死一生;幸免于难),narrow
down(缩小;减少;变窄)
例句及翻译:
narrow The road is too narrow for two cars to pass.(这条路太窄了,两辆车无法同时通过。)(narrow
作形容词)
They are trying to narrow down the list of candidates(. 他们正在试图缩小候选人名单。)(narrow
作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:He had a ____ escape from the accident.
A. narrow B. wide C. easy
填空题:The river ____ (narrow) as it flows downstream.
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音标:[ n la n]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)在线的;联网的;网上的;adv.(副词)在线地;联网地;在网
上
短语搭配:online shopping(网上购物),go online(上网),online course(在线课程)
例句及翻译:
Many people like online shopping nowadays.(如今很多人喜欢网上购物。)(online 作形容
online
词)
You can study English online.(你可以在网上学习英语。)(online 作副词)
即学即练:
选择题:I often buy clothes ____.
A. in the shop B. online C. at the market
填空题:He studies math ____ (online).
音标:[ a (r)]
词性词义:n.(名词)淋浴;阵雨;洗澡;v.(动词)冲;淋浴;下阵雨
词性转换:showery(形容词,阵雨的;多阵雨的),showering(名词,淋浴;动词 shower
的现在分词),showerless(形容词,无淋浴设备的;无阵雨的)
短语搭配:take a shower(洗淋浴),a heavy shower(一场大雨;一阵大雨),shower with
(大量给予;抛撒)
shower 例句及翻译:
I usually take a shower in the morning.(我通常在早上洗淋浴。)(shower 作名词)
It showered heavily last night.(昨晚下了一场大雨。)(shower 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:After running, he went home and ____ to make himself clean.
A. took a bath B. took a shower C. washed his face
填空题:There was a sudden ____ (shower) on our way home.
音标:[sa t]
词性词义:n.(名词)地点;场所;网站;遗址;v.(动词)使坐落在;为…… 选址
词性转换:siting(名词,选址;动词 site 的现在分词),site-specific(形容词,特定场地
的;针对特定地点的)
短语搭配:construction site(建筑工地),website(网站),historical site(历史遗址),on
site(在现场;就地)
例句及翻译:
site They are building a new factory on this site.(他们正在这块地点上建造一座新工厂。)(site 作
名词)
The company sited the new office near the subway station.(公司把新办公室选在地铁站附近。)
(site 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:We visited a famous ____ last weekend.
A. school B. historical site C. park
填空题:The ____ (site) of the new shopping mall has been decided.
音标:[ su p m n]
词性词义:n.(名词)超人;有非凡能力的人
词性转换:superhuman(形容词,超人的;超乎常人的;非凡的),superhero(名词,超级
superman
英雄;与 superman 类似概念),superpower(名词,超级力量;超能力;强国)
短语搭配:act like a superman(表现得像超人一样),superman sui(t 超人服装),be a superman
in(在…… 方面像超人一样厉害)
第 8 页 共 10 页
例句及翻译:
Children often dream of becoming a superman.(孩子们常常梦想成为超人。)
He worked like a superman and finished all the tasks in one day.(他像超人一样工作,一天内就
完成了所有任务。)
即学即练:
选择题:In the movie, the main character has ____ strength and can fly.
A. normal B. superhuman C. weak
填空题:My brother is a ____ (superman) when it comes to fixing things at home.
音标:[ɡ v p]
词性词义:短语动词,放弃;认输;停止;戒除
短语搭配:give up doing sth.(放弃做某事),give up smoking(戒烟),give oneself up(自
首;投案)
例句及翻译:
give up Don't give up easily when you face difficulties.(当你面对困难时,不要轻易放弃。)
He gave up smoking last year.(他去年戒了烟。)
即学即练:
选择题:You should never ____ your dreams.
A. give up B. give in C. give out
填空题:She decided to ____ (give up) learning the piano because she was too busy.
音标:[bi str kt ba t]
词性词义:短语动词,对…… 很严格;对…… 要求很严
例句及翻译:
Our teacher is strict about our homework.(我们老师对我们的作业要求很严格。)
be strict about My parents are strict about my study time.(我的父母对我的学习时间要求很严格。)
即学即练:
选择题:The boss is ____ the quality of the products.
A. strict about B. strict with C. kind to
填空题:She is always ____ (对…… 很严格) her diet to keep healthy.
音标:[ n fju t (r)]
词性词义:短语,在将来;今后
例句及翻译:
In the future, I want to be a scientist.(在将来,我想成为一名科学家。)
in the future We should work hard now to have a better life in the future.(我们现在应该努力工作,以便将来
能有更好的生活。)
即学即练:
选择题:____, people may live on other planets.
A. In the past B. At present C. In the future
填空题:I hope to travel around the world ____ (in the future).
音标:[ju st tu ]
词性词义:短语动词,过去常常;曾经(后接动词原形,用于描述过去经常发生但现在不再
发生的动作或存在的状态)
例句及翻译:
used to
I used to play basketball every day, but now I'm too busy.(我过去每天都打篮球,但现在我太忙
了。)
He used to be shy, but he has become outgoing.(他过去很害羞,但现在变得外向了。)
即学即练:
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选择题:She ____ have long hair, but now she has short hair.
A. used to B. is used to C. gets used to
填空题:They ____ (过去常常) go fishing together when they were children.
音标:[bi w rid ba t]
词性词义:短语动词,为…… 担心;担忧
例句及翻译:
My mother is worried about my health.(我妈妈为我的健康担心。)
be worried
about Don't be worried about the exam. It will be okay.(不要为考试担心。会没事的。)
即学即练:
选择题:She ____ her son because he didn't come home on time.
A. is worried about B. is proud of C. is interested in
填空题:He ____ (为…… 担心) his job interview tomorrow.
第 10 页 共 10 页