2026届高考英语专题归纳与训练全国通用版——高频语法之形容词、副词（含解析）

高频语法之形容词、副词
一、形容词和副词
1. 思维导图
2. 高考模拟专练
形容词
1 ．These machines are designed to perform very (predict) activities. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．As it was that we had a picnic in the air, our faces were flushed with excitement.
由于这是我们第一次在户外野餐，我们激动得脸红了。
3．The girl was so (痴迷于) her new doll that she held it day and night. (根据汉语提示完
成句子)
试卷第 1 页，共 8 页
4 ．During the flood, hundreds of young people offered (志愿的，自愿的) assistance to distribute emergency supplies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
5 ．Her (广泛的，广博的) knowledge of classical Chinese poetry allows her to translate Tang poems into fluent English without losing original beauty. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
6．The (专心的，留意的) surgeon noticed the faint irregular pulse long before the monitor alarm sounded. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
副词
7 ．The children laughed , and danced in the yard like birds.
孩子们开心地笑着，在院子里高兴地雀跃。
8 ．The task was (apparent) more difficult than we had initially imagined. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9 ．I look good, and play hard.（排比修辞）我长得很好，思维敏捷，该玩的时候就尽兴地玩
10．Therefore, I can study (energetic) every morning, which makes me study efficiently. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11． (evident), the cashier amazes me with his inspiration and desire to start with smaller, easily achievable goals. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12．It is (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3. 考试技巧
语法填空解题策略
1. 看到空格处修饰的是名词, 要想到用形容词。
2. 看到空格处修饰的是动词、形容词、副词或整个句子, 要想到用副词。
3. 看到与 than 连用, 要想到用形容词或副词的比较级。
4. 看到 and, or, but 等并列连词前或后用的比较级, 要想到用比较级。
5. 看到语境中暗含比较含义, 要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。
4. 知识点拓展
1：考点梳理
1. 形容词和副词的句法功能；
2. 根据提示词写出正确的形容词或副词词形；
试卷第 2 页，共 8 页
3. 原级、比较级、最高级的使用；
4. 倍数的表达法；
5. 常见形容词、副词的惯用法。
考点 1 基本用法
1. 形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态，在句中一般作定语、表语或宾语补足语等。
Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. (作定语)
English is compulsory for Chinese students. (作表语)
Please keep the door open. (作宾补)
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子，表示时间、地点、方式、程度、动作、频率等，在句中主要作状语。
Please write slowly and carefully. (修饰动词)
Mary and Jane are quite different. (修饰形容词)
He spoke too quickly to understand. (修饰副词)
He is badly in need of money. (修饰介词短语)
Generally , it’s a book worth reading. (修饰句子)
2. 形容词和副词的比较级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，最高级用于三个或三个以上人或事物之间的比较。比较的对象应为同类， 且不能相互包容，常用结构为“ 比较级＋than＋比较对象” ，“the＋最高级＋比较范围 ”。
The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.
Allan is the second tallest player in the team.
Lucy runs faster than Lily.
考点 2 形容词与副词的比较级和最高级构成
1：规则变化
构 成 例词
原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词一般情况下直接加-er和-est sm sm sm
试卷第 3 页，共 8 页
all aller allest
gre at gre ater gre atest
har d har der har dest
以e 结尾的单音节词和少数以-ble 结尾的双音节词加-r 和-st fine fine r fine st
cut e cut er cut est
abl e abl er abl est
以一个辅音字母结尾,且前面只有一个元音字母的词,双写辅音字母后再加-er 和-est fat fatt er fatt est
thin thin ner thin nest
hot hott er hott est
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,先把 y 变为 i 再加-er和-est eas y easi er easi est
hap py hap pier hap piest
earl y earl ier earl iest
试卷第 4 页，共 8 页
少数以-er,-ow 结尾的双音节词,加-er 和-est cle ver cle verer cle verest
nar row nar rower nar rowest
其他双音节和多音节的形容词或副词一般在前面加 more 和 most car eful more careful most careful
pop ular more popular most popular
effi ciently More efficiently most efficiently
2：不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good,well better best
bad,ill worse worst
many,much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
3：形容词和副词比较等级常见句式
项 目 例 句
as...as.../not so (as)...as...,意为“和 (不)一样 ” She is as tall as her mother.I am not as/ so good a player as you are.
比较级 (+ than),意为“一方比另一 This picture is more beautiful than that
试卷第 5 页，共 8 页
方 ” one.I have never seen a more interesting film.
less +原级+than,意为“一方不及另一方 ” This room is less beautiful than that one.
the + 比较级,the +比较级,意为“越 越 ” The harder you work,the more progress you will make.
“否定词+ 比较级”表示最高级意义 I have never spent a more worrying day.
more...than...,意为“与其 倒不如 ” He is more shy than unfriendly.
以-ior 结尾的形容词,与 to 搭配。如:junior,senior,superior,prior,inferior 等 The book is superior to that one I just finished reading.
no+ 比较级+than 两者都不 This book is no more interesting than that once.
The+比较级+of the two 两者中较为 the older of the two
考点 3 形容词、副词的倍数表达法
(1)... 倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...
The big box is four times as heavy as the small one. 大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。
(2)... 倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...
The car runs twice faster than that truck. 这辆轿车跑得比那辆卡车快两倍。
(3)... 倍数＋the＋度量衡名词＋of...
The newly built square is four times the size of the previous one. 新建的广场是之前的四倍大。
(4)... 倍数＋what 从句
Cotton output is now ten times what it was ten years ago. 目前棉花产量是十年前的十倍。
(5)... 倍数＋that/those of...
In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January. 这个车间七月的产量是一月的 3.5 倍。
考点 4 形容词作定语的位置
形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置:
试卷第 6 页，共 8 页
修饰 some,any,every,no 和 body,thing,one 等构成的复合不定代词时 nobody absent,everything possible
以-able,-ible 结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或 only 修饰的名词之后 the best book available,the only solution possible
alive,alike,awake,aware,asleep 等可以后置 the only person awake
和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long
成对的形容词可以后置 a huge room simple and beautiful
形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with
二、试题精练
1
Underline the words that are incorrectly used in the following sentences. Then correct the errors.
13 ．Her friends' inner unease communicated itself with Scarlett, making her more nervous than before. ( )
14 ．This street she was looking upon had changed so much that it was as familiar as if she had never seen it before. ( )
15 ．Over the past few years, this startup's profits have increased importantly. ( )
16 ．Grandma sank back in her chair and he suddenly realized that she looked very tired and incredible old. ( )
17 ．She's had so much trouble to keep house since her mother's death that there was no time to dwell on her own sorrow. ( )
18 ．These companies need to build factories and buy expensive industrial equipment to produce environmental-friendly electricity, gasoline and other types of power. ( )
2
Underline the words that are incorrectly used in the following sentences. Then correct the errors.
19 ．Geneticists have discovered a clue of the puzzle of why our cells age and die. ( )
20 ．I recommend you to quit to smoke for the sake of your own health.
试卷第 7 页，共 8 页
21 ．His dream is much grander: to create the country's greatest and most-known science fiction. ( )
22 ．Yuan Longping has dedicated his whole life to cultivate and popularize new hybrid rice with higher yields. ( )
23 ．It's more than probably that the thieves who took the painting had no idea of how much it is worth. ( )
24 ．We'd like as many shareholders as possible to take part in the meeting. ( )
3
仔细阅读下列句子，每句中均有一个错误，请按下列情况找出并在横线上改正。该句多一个词：把多余的词用斜线( \)画掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线画掉。
该句缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/\)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
该句错一个词：在错的词下画一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
25 ．It was in 2023 when his brother was admitted to the university.
26 ．They were going to the library, and it was closed.
27 ．Having a balanced diet is equal important for keeping fit.
28 ．The park where we visited was built in 1997.
29 ．He hadjust finished his homework while the telephone rang.
4
Underline the word(s) that is incorrectly used in each of the following sentences. Then correct the
errors.
30 ．He was fond in creating a digital time capsule. ( )
31 ．The successful applicant will be working close with our international staff. ( )
32 ．He is the finest alive pianist. ( )
33 ．I gathered all my stock options, monthly investing statements and every other financial document I thought might be importance and headed into the office. ( )
34 ．Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring. ( )
试卷第 8 页，共 8 页
1 ．predictable
考查形容词。句意： 这些机器旨在执行非常可预测的活动。分析句子结构可知， 此空应填形容词作定语修饰后面名词，predictable，表示“可预测的、可预料的”，为形容词，符合语境。故填 predictable。
2 ． the first time open
考查固定句型和形容词。根据句意以及句子结构可知， 此处为“It is/was the first time that...”是固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，故前三个空填“the first time”；“in the open air”是固定短语，意为“在户外” ，符合“在户外野餐” 的语义，故最后一个空填“open”作定语。故填 the；first；time；open。
3 ．obsessed with
考查固定短语。句意：这个女孩对她的新玩偶痴迷到日夜都抱在怀里的程度。 题干有 was so...that 引导的结果状语从句，所填词要用形容词原级。“痴迷于”用短语 obsessed with 表示。故填 obsessed with。
4 ．voluntary
考查形容词。句意： 洪水期间，数百名年轻人提供了志愿援助，分发应急物资。分析句子结构可知，所填词表示“志愿的、自愿的” ，作定语修饰名词 assistance(援助)，要用形容词。voluntary 作形容词，表示“志愿的、自愿的”，符合题干要求。故填 voluntary。
5 ．extensive
考查形容词。句意： 她对中国古典诗歌的广博知识使她能够将唐诗翻译成流利的英语，而不失原有的美感。根据汉语提示“广泛的，广博的”可知，空处应填形容词 extensive，作定语修饰名词 knowledge。故填 extensive。
6 ．attentive
考查形容词。句意： 这位专心的外科医生在监护仪警报响起很久以前，就注意到了那微弱而不规则的脉搏。分析句子结构可知，所填词作定语修饰名词 surgeon(外科医生)，
要用形容词。attentive 是形容词，表示“专心的、留意的”，符合题干要求。故填 attentive。
7 ． happily with joy
考查副词和介词短语。修饰动词 laughed，且表示“开心地”可用副词 happily 作状语；表示“雀跃地”可用介词短语 with joy 作状语。故填 happily；with；joy。
8 ．apparently
考查副词。句意： 这项任务显然比我们最初想象的更困难。副词 apparently 作状语
答案第 1 页，共 5 页
修饰形容词。故填 apparently。
9 ． think fast
考查动词和副词。根据句意可知，空处需填“ 思维敏捷” 的英语表达，而且需要与“look good”和“play hard”结构一致，且用一般现在时，“think fast”可以表示“ 思维敏捷”，think 为动词，表示“ 思考” ，fast 为副词，表示“快速地”。故填①think②fast。
10 ．energetically
考查副词。句意：因此，每天早上我都能精力充沛地学习，这使我学习效率很高。空处应用副词，作状语修饰动词 study；energetically 为副词，表示“精力充沛地”，符合句意。故填 energetically。
11 ．Evidently
考查副词。句意： 显然，这位收银员的灵感和从更小、更容易实现的目标开始的愿望让我感到惊讶。句中用副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子。首字母大写。故填 Evidently。
12 ．universally
考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为，财富并不一定意味着幸福。修饰动词 acknowledged应用 universe 的副词形式 universally 作状语，意为“普遍地” ，It is universally acknowledged that 为固定句式，表示“人们普遍认为 ”，符合语境。故填 universally。
13 ．with→to 14 ．familiar→unfamiliar 15 ．importantly→significantly
16 ．incredible→incredibly 17 ．to keep→keeping
18 ．environmental-friendly→environment-friendly/environmentally-friendly
13．考查介词。句意： 她的朋友们内心的不安传递给了斯嘉丽，让她比之前更紧张了。communicate sth. to sb.是固定搭配，意为“把某事传递给某人”，with 不用于该搭配。故将 with 改为 to。
14．考查形容词。句意： 她注视着的这条街变化太大了，以至于它如此陌生，就好像她从未见过一样。根据“had changed so much”和“had never seen it before”可知，此处表达“ 陌生的”， familiar 意为“熟悉的”，不符合句意，应用 unfamiliar。故将 familiar 改为 unfamiliar。
15 ．考查副词。句意：在过去几年里，这家初创公司的利润显著增长。importantly 意为“重要地”，侧重强调重要性；此处修饰动词 increased，需用 significantly 表示“显著地；大幅度地”，符合“利润增长” 的语境。故将 importantly 改为 significantly。
16．考查副词。句意： 奶奶瘫坐在椅子上，他突然意识到她看起来非常疲惫，而且年纪大得惊人。old 是形容词，需用副词修饰，incredible 是形容词，其副词形式为 incredibly，意为“惊
答案第 2 页，共 5 页
人地；极其” 。故将 incredible 改为 incredibly。
17．考查固定搭配。句意：自从母亲去世后，她打理家务遇到了很多麻烦，以至于没有时间沉浸在自己的悲伤中。have trouble (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难” ，后接动名词形式。故将 to keep 改为 keeping。
18．考查形容词短语。句意：这些公司需要建造工厂并购买昂贵的工业设备，以生产环保的电力、汽油和其他类型的能源。“环保的”正确表达为 environment-friendly 或
environmentally-friendly ，environmental-friendly 是错误的复合形容词形式。故将environmental-friendly 改为 environment-friendly/ environmentally-friendly。
19．(a clue) of→(a clue) to 20．to smoke→smoking 21．most-known→best-known/most well-known 22 ．cultivate and popularize→cultivating and popularizing
23 ．probably→probable 24 ．take part in→attend
19．考查固定搭配。句意：遗传学家发现了一个关于我们的细胞为何衰老和死亡这一谜题的线索。“a clue to...”是固定搭配，意为“ 的线索” ，此处用“of”不符合搭配习惯。故(a clue) of 改为(a clue) to。
20 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了你自己的健康，我建议你戒烟。“quit”后接动名词作宾语，即“quit doing sth” ，表示“停止做某事” ，“to smoke”为动词不定式，不符合语法规则。故 to
smoke 改为 smoking。
21 ．考查形容词最高级。句意：他的梦想更为宏大：创作全国最伟大、最著名的科幻作品。 “known” 的最高级正确形式为“best-known”或“most well-known”,“most-known”属于错误表达。故 most-known 改为 best-known/most well-known。
22 ．考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平毕生致力于培育和推广高产的新型杂交水稻。
“dedicate...to...”中“to” 为介词，后接动名词作宾语，“cultivate and popularize”为动词原形，不符合语法要求。故 cultivate and popularize 改为 cultivating and popularizing。
23．考查形容词。句意：那些偷走这幅画的小偷很可能不知道它值多少钱。“It's + 形容词 + that 从句”为固定句型，“probably”是副词，此处应用形容词“probable” 。故 probably 改为
probable。
24 ．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们希望尽可能多的股东参加这次会议。“take part in”强调参与活动并发挥作用，“attend”侧重出席会议等正式场合，此处“the meeting”用“attend” 更恰当。故 take part in 改为 attend。
25 ．when → that 26 ．and → but 27 ．equal → equally 28 ．where → which/that 或
答案第 3 页，共 5 页
去掉 where 29 ．while → when
25 ．考查强调句。句意：他的兄弟正是在 2023 年被大学录取的。本句是强调句，核心结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分。被强调部分是时间状语 in
2023(非人物) ，需用 that 连接。故将 when 改为 that。
26．考查连词。句意：他们打算去图书馆，但是图书馆闭馆了。前半句“打算去图书馆”与后半句“ 图书馆关门”之间是转折关系，应用 but 连接。故将 and 改为 but。
27 ．考查副词。句意：均衡饮食对保持健康同样重要。修饰形容词 important(重要的) ，需用副词，equal 是形容词，其副词形式是 equally 意为“ 同样地” 。故将 equal 改为 equally。
28 ．考查定语从句。句意：我们参观的那座公园建于 1997 年。先行词 the park(公园)在定语从句 we visited 中作宾语，关系词需用 which 或 that(可省略) 。故将 where 改为 which/that 或去掉 where。
29 ．考查固定句型。句意：他刚做完家庭作业电话就响了。had just done... when...是固定句型，意为“ 刚做完 这时 ”，用于描述“一个动作刚完成，另一个动作突然发生”；while不能用于此句型。故将 while 改为 when。
30 ．in → of 31 ．close → closely 32 ．alive → living/ alive pianist → pianist alive
33 ．importance 前加 of/ importance → important 34 ．referring 后加 to
30．考查短语。句意：他喜欢创建一个数字时间胶囊。“be fond of”是固定短语，意为“喜欢” ，所以此处应用“of”，故将 in 改为 of。
31 ．考查副词。句意：成功的申请者将与我们的国际员工密切合作。此处用副词修饰动词“working” ，“closely”作副词时意为“密切地” ，根据句意这里应用“closely” ，故将 close 改为closely。
32 ．考查形容词。句意：他是健在的最优秀的钢琴家。“alive”通常不放在名词前作定语，而“living”可以放在名词前作定语；若用“alive”修饰名词，一般放在名词后，所以此处可改为 “living”或“pianist alive” ，故将 alive 改为 living ，或将 alive pianist 改为 pianist alive。
33 ．考查介词+名词用法或形容词。句意：我收集了我所有的股票期权、每月投资报表和其他所有我认为可能重要的财务文件，然后前往办公室。“be of importance”是固定短语，意为“重要的”，相当于“be important”，所以此处可以在 importance 前面加 of，或将 importance 改为 important 。故将 importance 前加 of 或者将 importance 改为 important。
34 ．考查短语。句意：虽然她没有提到任何名字，但每个人都知道她指的是谁。“refer to”是固定短语，意为“提到，指的是” ，所以此处应用“refer to” ，故将 referring 后加 to。
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