2026届高考英语二轮复习专题归纳与训练全国通用版——说明文类七选五学案（含解析）

说明文类七选五
试题模式为：给出一篇缺少 5 个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述为“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。”
新题型七选五其实跟传统题型完形填空有相似之处，完形填空空出的是词，而七选五空出的
是句子，但是他们的考察方式都是一样的，只要考生选择的答案能够使行文连贯，符合英文
的语法以及习惯表达就行，因此，这两类题型在做题方法上有共通之处。另外， 从该题型给
出的选项中我们可以发现一些特点：该题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、
过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。
另外两个多余的干扰项也可以通过这三个特点来排除，例如主旨概括句要么过于宽泛要么以
偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。根据
这些，我们总结一些关于七选五的做题方法供大家参考。
一、解题技能训练
1. 考情分析
阅读理解七选五要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》＂用英语获取、处
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理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。＂的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。
从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述＂主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。＂可以得出以下判断： 该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。
文章体裁以说明文为主，语篇模式较为固定：提出问题——提供解决方案。文章题材较为固定：与学生的日常生活学习紧密相关。
2. 考试方向
分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇（discourse）通常是由句子和语段（sentence group）构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想， 只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的＂积句而成章，积章而成
篇。＂就是这个道理。
分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。
语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文） 中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的段落可以只包括一个语段或一个句子，一般来说，一个段落通常由几个语段构成。构成语段的方式有两种，一是靠句际间意义的结合，二是靠句际间的关联词，逻辑性插入语来连接，在分析语段层次时，可以借助句际间的连接词语作出判断，但最主要的还是要真正体会句际间的意义关系，把握作者的思路，从语序上去发现断续点，理清层次，好文章的层次非常清晰，只有层层入手，才能真正理解文章。
3. 答题策略
1. 先看选项
跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外， 通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其它选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。
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2. 再看空前空后
由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。
3. 注意代词或定冠词
在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。
4. 注意一些特殊疑问词
如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的，比如对 why 的回答，后面要有 because 等表原因的词，对 when 的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对 where 的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对 how 的回答，后面要有方式状语等。
5. 注意一些连词
如一些表示转折的连词，but ，However ，yet ，though ，nevertheless 等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如 and，also，as well as，neither nor，either or，not only...but also，on the one hand....on the other hand 等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。
二、解题技巧详解第一步：看位置 定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
挖空位置 逻辑关系 具体解读
段首题 主旨句 常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段中题 例证关系 前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点
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到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say 等。
转折关系 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison 等。
因果关系 表示因果关系的标志词语有：so, therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...等。
递进关系 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, what's more, what's worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not ... but ..., not only ... but also 等。
并列关系 表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some ... others ...; for one thing, for another thing; then/next, finally/last 等。
段尾题 总结句 用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
例子 1
● If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
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…A ．You will stick to your diet.
B ．Your quality of sleep improves.
C ．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D ．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E ．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F ．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G ．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
[分析] 设空处位于段首，应是该段落的小标题。该段的主要内容是“如果晨练，你就更有可能会坚持一整天吃健康的食物”，故该段的主旨是“坚持健康饮食”；再结合本段中的
“healthy food”“junk food”与 A 项中的 diet 相关，故选 A。
例子 2
…
●Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. ________ If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep. …A ．You will stick to your diet.
B ．Your quality of sleep improves.
C ．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D ．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E ．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F ．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G ．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
[分析] 设空处位于段中，属于段中题。这一段说的是晨练有助于人体的新陈代谢，能让你一整天都感受到晨练消耗卡路里带来的好处。F 项“晨练之后你还会在一天时间里继续消耗卡路里” 中的关键词“throughout the day”与文中的“the whole day”呼应。故选 F。
例子 3
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant.
.A ．While all of them are useful
B ．Whatever you're looking for
C ．If you're experimenting with a color
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D ．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E ．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F ．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G ．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析] 该空位于段尾，应属于总结句。根据空前的“the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant”可知，大型物品的颜色选择所需要的时间、精力、费用很大，这恰与 F项构成因果关系。
第二步：由类型 定技法
1.主旨概括题
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主， 设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意， 即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
例子 3
● Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a
peaceful sleep when you are very excited.A ．You will stick to your diet.
B ．Your quality of sleep improves.
C ．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D ．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E ．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F ．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G ．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
[分析] 设空位于段首，应为本段主题句。主题句一般是对上文或下文内容的总结，快速浏览本段，本段提到 slept better, difficult to relax, a peaceful sleep ，依据这些关键词汇可概括本段说的是晨练比晚上锻炼更能改善睡眠，因此选 B。
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2.语段过渡题
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
(
,
)如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
例子 4
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.A ．While all of them are useful
B ．Whatever you're looking for
C ．If you're experimenting with a color
D ．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E ．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F ．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G ．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析] 设空处在段中，所填句子应是过渡句。该空前一句主要内容是“medium color
choices”，是 G 项中“small ones” 的升级。该空后一句介绍了两种方式的颜色选择，与 G 项中的“two major ways”相呼应，故选 G。
3.细节线索题
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。
1 ．词汇复现法
复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。考生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选
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项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
例子 5
. They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive
than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.A ．While all of them are useful
B ．Whatever you're looking for
C ．If you're experimenting with a color
D ．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E ．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F ．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G ．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析] 解此题可运用词汇复现法，该空所在段最后一句中的“small color choices”是 D 项“Small color choices”的原词复现。故选 D。
2 ．词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
例子 6
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun_filled holiday in the wilderness. Instead, we had a pop_up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature_loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.A ．This time there was no tent.
B ．Things are going to be improved.
C ．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D ．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E ．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F ．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G ．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
[分析] 解此题可运用词汇同现法。该空前面的部分说明了作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，而空后则说这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调，因此空处的论述应该是在“住宿”这一范畴内，几个选项中只有 A 项合适。
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3 ．代词线索法
英语文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。
例子 7
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. ， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the
medium ones, and the large ones.A ．While all of them are useful
B ．Whatever you're looking for
C ．If you're experimenting with a color
D ．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E ．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F ．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G ．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析] 解此题可运用代词线索法。空格后的 they 指代上文中的 techniques，且与 A 项中的all of them 相呼应，代入 A 项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境，故选 A。
4 ．逻辑关系线索法
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看， 句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系， 有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此， 理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词， 考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，作出正确的判断。
例子 8
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends
camping, I would have laughed heartily.Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill_cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with
me.
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer ...
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun_filled holiday in the wilderness ...
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We have done a lot ofit since
40(E) It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in style.A ．This time there was no tent.
B ．Things are going to be improved.
C ．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D ．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E ．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F ．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G ．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
[分析] 解此题可运用逻辑关系线索法。首句“如果三年前有人告诉我我会花大部分的周末 时间去野营，我将会开怀大笑”使用了虚拟语气，预示了后面的转折关系。接着讲述了作者过去对野营的看法。由下文可知作者起初和后来对野营的态度不一样。D 项表示“但是，从 那时起我就学习了很多关于野营的知识” ，however 与上文构成转折关系，因此是最佳选项。此题的关键是 however 这个逻辑关系词，承上启下，为下文内容作铺垫。
例子 9
...
●Recall (回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that's not what's important. — how being in those gardens made us feel. If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 40(G). Then go outside and work out a
plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown_up garden. Have fun.A ．Know why you garden
B ．Find a good place for your own garden
C ．It's our experience of the garden that matters
D ．It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E ．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F ．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G ．For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
[分析] 解此题可运用逻辑关系线索法。空格前说“但那不是重要的事情”，由此可推测空格
试卷第 10 页，共 29 页
处会指出什么才是重要的，前后为顺承逻辑关系，C 项“我们做园艺工作的体验才是重要的”符合题意。故选 C 项。
例子 10...
Unfortunately, we've all been victims of betrayal. Whether we've been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can't
trust anymore. It's understandable, but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.
...A ．Learn to really trust yourself.
B ．It is putting confidence in someone.
C ．Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D ．Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E ．They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.
F ．This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G ．Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.
[分析] 此题从行文逻辑上判断属因果关系。上句意为“有时候，人们简直无法再信任(别人)
了”，而本句应是解释人们无法信任别人的原因。故 E 项符合题意。
三、高考真题一、2025 年高考真题
1.【2025 年新高考 II 卷】
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a
hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults 1 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more
unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that
giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it 2
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
3 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.
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Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● 4
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive
effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in the years to
come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 5 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can
connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A ．Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B ．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C ．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D ．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E ．For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F ．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G ．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
2.【2025 浙江 1 月卷】
One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 6 There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear
and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor
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your communications to their interests. 7 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored.
Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. 8 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.
9
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the
audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.
Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an
email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 10
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A ．Be patient.
B ．Get the audience involved.
C ．The best messages are often simple.
D ．Speak directly to what matters to them.
E ．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F ．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G ．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
二、2024 年高考真题
3.【2024 新高考 I 卷】
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to
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submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿) 11 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker 12 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to
prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
13 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus
differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word
combinations and idiomatic phrases. 14 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was
Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". 15 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a
rewarding experience.
A ．I don't often use this dictionary.
B ．It takes no account of the context.
C ．But I still don't want to replace them.
D ．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E ．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F ．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G ．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
4.【2024 新高考 II 卷】
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help
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Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to
overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 16 Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on
making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like
you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 17
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That
means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 18 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights
● 19 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major
holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 20 You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A ．Visit during off-peak times.
B ．So, should we stop traveling
C ．Travel for you and no one else.
D ．Can overtourism be avoided then
E ．You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F ．You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G ．Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
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1. 【2024 全国甲卷】
What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full.
21 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 22 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front ofthe TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you
keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 23
Control emotional (情绪的) eating 24 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by
learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
25 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning.
Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
A ．Eat properly throughout the day.
B ．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C ．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D ．Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E ．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F ．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G ．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
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2. 【2024 北京卷】
If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a
hedgehog (刺猬) or a fox According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things.
Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. 26 And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness.
They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at. 27 The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies.
28 Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that
hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.
The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new
information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty
and new information. 29 They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know.
So, which is better The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.
30 The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy
hedgehog.
A ．In other words, there are clear advantages for each.
B ．They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes.
C ．Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.
D ．But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.
E ．However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs.
F ．When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
G．They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.
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3. 【2024 浙江 1 月首考】
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the
university and college experience. 31 But are all online courses created equal How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you 32 We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses.
The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. 33 “I think a point that many people lose sight ofis how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before
choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your
weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. 34 He
noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set
times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
35 A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things
you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests
taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A ．But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B ．Your motivation should be your main concern.
C ．Do you know that online courses are also part of your education
D ．Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E ．The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F ．If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade
G ．A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
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四、模拟演练
1.（2025·四川·一模）
Challenging, fun and engaging hobbies have the power to make us happier and healthier. 36 Here is how you can start and discover things you don’t yet
know you’ll like.
Start small. Ease in to figure out if it’s right for you. For instance, sign up for a one-time dance class rather than a set of eight. 37 Say you enjoy learning to swim, but the next step is competing, and you don’t want to do that. Just stop there — you have spent enough of the day pushing yourself.
38 When you were a kid, what did you want to be when you grew up The answer could lead you to an appealing hobby. Revisiting activities you loved
when you were young is a really helpful place to start. Those little things that once made you lose track of time often hold clues to what still excites you.
Ask yourself how you want to feel. 39 They can help you clear your
mind and relax. Consider how exactly you want an activity to make you feel. If you
long for a break from overthinking, knitting could be a good choice to relax you. If
you want to be socially connected, joining a book club can let you interact with others and build warm connections.
Keeping an open mind, even if it doesn’t seem your thing. We’re wired as
humans to be curious and open, but in a very burned-out world, we forget that. So
next time someone hands you a flier or invites you to tag along to an event, seize the opportunity. 40
A ．Take a trip back in time.
B ．Hobbies present an escape.
C ．Think about your future career.
D ．Plus, they often foster connections with others.
E ．Your skills improve as you practise new hobbies.
F ．It’s also smart to resist the pressure to overcommit.
G ．It could be something you never imagined you’d love.
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2.（2025·山东·模拟预测）
It has long been known that sleep also plays a significant role in physical and emotional health. Now, researchers from the University of South Australia have
published a new study in the Journal of Neuroscience. 41 This is good news for anyone who wants to study a foreign language.
According to a blog on Everywhere English, there are two phases that the brain cycles through when sleeping. 42 During this phase, which usually happens about an hour and a half after a person has fallen asleep, brain activity is high and shows
levels that are similar to when that person is awake. This is when dreams occur. In non-REM sleep, brain activity is low.
43 But in fact, the researchers from the University of South Australia found that just the opposite is true.
According to a University of South Australia press release, the researchers
conducted an experiment with 35 native English speakers. Half of the students learned the language in the morning and then went on with their days. 44 This way
the researchers could record their brainwaves. Both groups were tested on their
knowledge in the morning. The group that had slept soon after they studied performed significantly better than those who had not.
“ 45 It’s an active, transformative state for the brain,” Dr. Scott Cousins, a researcher at the University of South Australia, said in the press release.
A ．Sleep is not just restful.
B ．The first is called REM sleep.
C ．Does sleep help you learn language
D ．If you are active, you’ll have a good memory.
E ．It investigates the way sleep helps people learn language.
F ．But the other half studied in the evening and then slept at the lab.
G ．One may think that memory and learning are gained when the brain is active.
3.（2025·北京东城·一模）
Voice notes are a highly divisive medium of communication. There are
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those,like me, who enjoy both leaving and listening to them; and then there are those who dislike them and feel very strongly about that. 46 A poll found that 62% of Americans have sent voice notes, and about 30% communicate this way on a
regular basis. But even the voice note lovers among us have our limits. All of us know a voice note bore. And it is time to establish some ground rules.
The first rule: only ever leave voice notes for someone that you are confident
likes you 47 It is also somewhat self-indulgent (我行我素) ．While a spot of self-indulgence can be healthy, it is unreasonable to expect someone who dislikes you to indulge you.
Never give complicated instructions in a voice note. 48 If you end up leaving a long voice note that contains a mixture of key information and other bits, follow it up with a text that gives the other person the important stuff, so they're not forced to listen straight away.
49 Leaving a voice note that is under 10 seconds long-unless you are funny or the other person likes you-is annoying. Type it out instead.
Follow the other person's cues. If they are responding to your eight-minute
specials with one-minute voice messages, take the hint. Also, if your message is
longer than about four minutes, you should be open to the possibility that the other person is going to take a long time to listen and respond. If your message is upwards of 10 minutes, they might never listen to it. 50
All you need do, really, is remember to use a bit of common sense. Modern innovations need not negate good old-fashioned manners.
A ．Be at peace with that.
B ．Be responsive and informative.
C ．You need not keep your messages too short.
D ．It seems the haters are losing the battle, though.
E ．A voice note is a demand on someone else's time.
F ．It suggests limiting voice notes to less than two minutes.
G ．These should be typed out so the other person can refer back.
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4.（2025·湖南邵阳·二模）
Mental resilience (韧性) has become a vital skill in today’s fast-paced world.
51 Research indicates that individuals with high resilience levels are 35 % more likely to maintain mental health during long-term stress. Let’s explore scientific ally proven methods to strengthen this ability.
The Main Idea Explained
Resilience is not about reducing stress but managing it effectively. Emerging neurobiological evidence sheds light on this positively adaptive process. 52
Neuroscientists (神经学家) compare it to muscle training: facing proper challenged regularly improved mental ability to adjust. For instance, A 2023 Harvard study
showed that proper stress increased brain thickness in areas related to making decisions.
Physical Activity as a Foundation
Exercise is universally recognized as a key resilience-building tool. During
aerobic workouts, the body producers BDNF (脑源性神经营养因子), a protein
important for brain development. 53 Meanwhile, this chemical process not only improved mood but also strengthens mental abilities. To maximize benefits, experts
suggest combining 30 minutes of daily exercise with relaxation methods such as deep breathing.
The Power of Social Bonds
Human beings succeed through meaningful connections. Strong social networks act as psychological safety nets during c rises. 54 A Stanford University study over many years found that people with strong social support recovered 50 % faster
from emotional difficulties than those who were isolated. Surprisingly, online
communication through video calls was 80 % as effective as face-to-face meetings in recent tests.
Methods to Change Negative Thoughts
How we view difficulties shapes our mental resilience. Psychologists suggest
changing extreme negative ideas like “I can’t handle this” into positive views such as “This is hard but possible.” 2022 study found that daily gratitude practice lowers
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stress hormones by 25 % in three weeks. 55
A ．Therefore, building strong connections should be a key goal.
B ．Creative activities like painting unexpectedly better stress tolerance.
C ．Workplace culture significantly impacts employees’ stress management.
D ．This natural process helps maintain stable emotions and enhanced clear thinking.
E ．Moreover, actively noticing small daily successes helps develop positive thinking.
F ．This psychological training strengthens the brain’s ability to handle future challengers.
G ．It refers to the ability to recover from difficulties while keeping basic operations running.
5.（2025·浙江台州·一模）
Don’t Rush Through Books
I love books. I love reading. I do it as much as I can. I tell people they should do the same. But when I hear that people are using apps to try to read more in less time, I just shake my head. Guys, you’re doing it wrong! Reading is like eating, dating, and travelling. The whole point is that it’s pleasurable and meaningful. 56
Unfortunately, reading always falls victim to seeking productivity shortcuts.
People may rush through books over dinner table to save ten minutes but willingly fly across the country for a three-day conference where nothing gets accomplished.
Actually, such an act tends to be penny wise and pound foolish. 57 Simply put:
You don’t need to squeeze reading into the in-between moments of your life; you need to squeeze out the non-essentials and make reading, and reading well, the
priority.
Once on a flight, I was surrounded by businessmen — the type of people who would say things like “I’m too busy to read”. And what were they doing on this
flight Watching videos, texting, or chatting. I was the only one reading. In two and a half hours, I got all the way through the book. But it wasn’t finishing a book that
mattered. 58 The book was about a man’s attempt to retract Coronado’s
expedition on horseback. I was transported from that plane to the desert. I was fully
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engaged.
We have to remember: we don’t get a prize at the end of life for having rushed through as many books as possible. Remember: quality over quantity. Always,
59 The time you spend reading them, the time you carved out and gave to the process — that’s what you’ll remember at the end of your life. That is the prize.
60 They don’t fit it in between other tasks they make it the priority. And from that, everything follows: the more you read, the better you get, and the more you want to read. They don’t rush. They savor. And so should you.
A ．It was those quiet, reflective hours.
B ．You’re not supposed to rush through it.
C ．Never miss the chance to win the prize.
D ．It doesn’t matter how much you end up reading.
E ．All great readers share one rule: they value reading.
F ．When I am reading, I feel like someone else understands me.
G ．What really needs changing is not reading speed but daily priorities.
6.（2025·甘肃武威·模拟预测）
In our household, preparing dinner has always been a shared responsibility.
From the moment my siblings and I could safely handle a kitchen tool, we were given age-appropriate tasks. Younger children set the table, while older ones cut vegetables or mixed things in pots. I’ve benefited a lot from the experiences. 61
Cooking together wasn’t optional; it was how our family operated. 62 However, we never doubted its necessity. Each person’s role, whether small or large, kept our evenings running smoothly. Once, my brother forgot to check the rice
cooker, leaving us with half-cooked grains. That night, we all understood: skipping tasks meant delays or disappointment for everyone.
As a child, I saw cooking as just another duty. 63 When everyone
contributes, no one feels invisible. A missing fork reminded us that each person’s
effort — or lack of it — shaped our collective experience. I still remember my
grandmother’s smile when I surprised her by mastering her recipe. Her pride showed
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me that cooking could silently say, “You matter.”
64 Laughter filled the kitchen as we shared school stories or debated music tastes while cutting onions. My father’s silly jokes during vegetable
preparations or my sister’s failed attempts at turning over pancakes turned cooking into precious moments. What felt like work transformed into a daily highlight,
combining responsibility with joy.
Beyond family unity, cooking taught life skills. 65 Handling kitchen
mistakes developed patience, and sharing tasks encouraged teamwork. These lessons extended beyond the kitchen, shaping how I approach challenges in school and
friendships. Truly, a simple meal can prepare one for life.
A ．Cooking together became enjoyable in my family.
B ．Homework must be done before the meal was ready.
C ．These lessons were actually taught by my family members.
D ．Here I’d like to share my understandings about cooking in my family.
E ．Planning menus improved creativity, while timing dishes required focus.
F ．We did occasionally complain about cutting vegetables or washing dishes.
G ．Years later, I understood its deeper purpose: shared meals build connection.
7.（25-26 山东泰安·期中）
A Community Garden Brings People Together
Tired of the dull gray of the city, some residents in our community decided to take action. They transformed an empty lot into a vibrant garden. 66 It is a place where people connect with nature and each other.
The garden is divided into small plots. Families and individuals can apply to
grow their own vegetables and flowers. 67 “I never thought I’d enjoy getting my hands dirty so much,” said Mr. Davis, a retired teacher. “Seeing the seeds I
planted grow into healthy plants gives me a great sense of achievement.”
68 Every Sunday morning, you can see neighbors watering plants,
pulling weeds, and sharing gardening tips. Children especially love to help, learning where their food comes from. The garden has become an outdoor classroom for them.
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The benefits go beyond fresh produce. 69 People who used to be strangers now stop to chat. The garden hosts parties, like a harvest festival in the autumn, which strengthens the community bond.
“This garden is more than just a piece of land,” said Mrs. Chen, one of the
founders. “It’s a symbol of hope and cooperation.” 70 Indeed, the project
shows how a small idea can grow into something that truly enriches everyone’s life.
A ．For many, it’s the first time they have experienced the joy of gardening.
B ．However, maintaining the public areas is a shared responsibility.
C ．But this garden is much more than just a source of food and beauty.
D ．It has also become a powerful tool for building friendships.
E ．The project has encouraged a spirit of teamwork among residents.
F ．Some even volunteer to take care of the common areas.
G ．We hope it will inspire other communities to start their own projects.
8.（2024·河南·一模）
Players, in Project SEKAI a world where reality and digital fantasy intertwine, 71
A Symphony of Taps: Engaging Rhythm Mechanics
Project Sekai transforms familiar rhythm gameplay into an enthralling
experience where precision and timing bring music to life. Adjustable difficulty settings ensure that both newcomers and seasoned players find their rhythm,
challenging them to perfect performances and ascend the leaderboards.
Interwoven Stories and Evolving Characters
At the heart of Project Sekai lies its rich narrative depth, where
characters—from virtual idols to vibrant human protagonists— 72 . Through fully voiced dialogues and interactive stories, players explore personal growth and
friendships that evolve with each note sung.
Exploring the Dual Dimensions of Hatsune Miku: Colorful Stage
In the heart of Shibuya, Tokyo, the game unfolds, presenting a unique scenario where beloved virtual idols like Hatsune Miku exist only within the confines of
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fiction. Yet, these characters discover a gateway to “SEKAI”,a mysterious alternate
reality that forms in response to human emotions. 73 This game sets players on a compelling quest alongside these virtual singers to navigate their complex worlds and unravel the truths hidden in their “true feelings.”
Besides, the game pivots around a silent, melody-less song called “Untitled,”
that mysteriously appears on various personal devices. 74 , transforming as players delve deeper into understanding and expressing their emotion. As they interact with the song, it gradually develops a melody, lyrics, and finally a name, mirroring
the player's emotional journey. 75 ,challenging players to find balance and harmony between two worlds.
A ．bring their own dreams and dilemmas
B ．display a variety of emotions stirred from themselves
C ．It acts as a key to SEKAI
D ．immerse themselves in it with the rhythmic spotlight surrounded
E ．Each SEKAI manifests differently, reflecting the diverse emotional landscapes of those who access it
F ．embark on their captivating musical adventure
G ．It allows for a fluid movement between the tangible reality of Tokyo and the ethereal realms of SEKAI
9.（25-26 高三上·安徽·月考）
Every day, we speak to and spend time with the people who mean the most to
us. However, think about how many people you interact with in a typical week are the ones you wouldn’t consider as close connections. 76 . In sociology, these are known as our “weak ties”, referred to as such to differentiate them from our strong
ties, like close friends and family members.
77 . For example, if you spoke about your job hunt to a group of close friends, they might only be aware of the same job opportunities as you because you move in the same circles. However, mentioning it to an acquaintance, like a regular waiter, connects you to people outside your own social circle, which can provide
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unexpected job opportunities.
“Weak ties can serve special functions not served by close ties, including providing access to unique information and resources,” says Susan Sprecher,
distinguished professor at Illinois State University. “Additionally, many people interact with more weak ties throughout a day than they do with close ties.
78 ”
Indeed, weak ties can give us a real mental health boost. A recent study done by Sprecher indicated people with wider connections of weak ties tend to be happier.
79 . They reported feeling more happiness and greater feelings of belonging on days when they interacted with more classmates than usual.
Given they have such a strong impact on our lives, why not create weak ties 80 . Often, this will mean going outside and speaking to people, whether it’s those you pass in the street, who serve you in shops, or with whom you share a class.
A ．The research involved students
B ．You find yourself in a better mood
C ．We just need to engage with other people
D ．Weak ties can have a smaller effect than you might think
E ．This diverse social network is related with good health and well-being
F ．For example, you chat with the guys who regularly serve you at the store
G ．Strong ties tend to form closed social groups with limited new information
10.（25-26·安徽蚌埠·开学考试）
Temperatures are rising, and so are mental health risks
Climate change is increasing heat waves, posing growing threats to health.
Extreme heat is becoming a severe challenge across the U.S. and globally, with
forecasts suggesting one of the next five years could be the hottest on record. 81 Even survivors may face long-term consequences.
How does extreme heat affect the brain 82 Dehydration (脱水) in high temperatures thickens blood, making it hard for the heart to supply enough oxygen to the brain. The brain, which uses 20% of the body’s energy, requires efficient heat
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release. In hot, damp conditions, sweating fails to cool the body, potentially causing heat exhaustion or a sudden serious illness, which can lead to nerve-related problems.
Extreme heat also worsens mental health: conditions like depression and anxiety become worse 83 Furthermore, the medicines used to treat the mental illness
and sleeplessness also appear to increase mental health weakness to heat.
84 Those with existing mental health disorders are weakest. Older adults face accelerated serious mental illness that affects memory. Homeless individuals and outdoor workers such as farmers are particularly at risk, as they often lack access to
cooling resources.
Action is urgent. Most heat health plans ignore mental health. 85 These can include public awareness campaigns, such as warning people about the mental
health risk of consuming alcohol or other drugs during heat waves. Other
interventions include establishing community cooling shelters for heat emergencies and increasing monitoring of mental health patients during heat waves. Only through comprehensive strategies can we reduce the mental health impacts of extreme heat.
A ．Who is most at risk
B ．The human body works best when at 37℃ .
C ．How to identify those in danger during heat waves
D ．It disturbs sleep, which further harms one’s ability to think.
E ．So mental health steps must be added to these heat response plans.
F ．Heat waves cause 1,300 U. S. deaths yearly from heat-related issues.
G ．Research is needed to better understand health outcomes of a warmer world.
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1 ．B 2 ．G 3 ．E 4 ．C 5 ．F
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。
1 ．根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together Hoping to find a hobby
that can be shared by both the little ones and adults (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B 选项“Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Volunteering as a family”直接回应“bring your family
together”和“shared hobby” ，引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选 B项。
2 ．根据段落主题句“You’ll feel like you have more time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文
“Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like
you have more of it. (然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多” 的原因。G 选项“Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. (志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes you feel capable”和“inspires you to make the most of each day”从
心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like you have more time”形成因果关联。故选 G 项。
3 ．根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E 选项“For adults,
volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“For adults”对应“adults 55 and older” ，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health” ，与本段的主题吻合。故选 E 项。
4 ．根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects
such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but
have been proved to affect teen’s well-being in the years to come. (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少
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年的长期影响。C 选项“Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelong effect”对应“affect teen’s well-being in the years to
come” ，“on kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选 C 项。
5 ．根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a
common goal. (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyone
brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. (每个人都能 带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联系)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F 选项“You may even learn that your kid has talent you didn’t know about before. (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的“learn that your kid has talent”体现 “Everyone brings something unique” ，且“in a new way”对应“ 发现孩子未知天赋” 的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选 F 项。
6 ．C 7 ．D 8 ．G 9 ．B 10 ．F
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些更有效地进行沟通的技巧。
6．上文“One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.(沟通中最常见的错误之一就是试图做得太多)”指出“做得太多”是沟通中易犯的错误，C 选项“The best messages are often simple.(最好的信息往往是简单的)”承接上文，明确正确沟通方法，即不要“做得太多” ，要避免复杂，追求简单，句中“simple”与上文“too much”形成对比。故选 C 项。
7 ．上文“Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your
communications to their interests.(当你根据受众的兴趣来调整你的沟通内容时，他们自然会更感兴趣、更投入)”强调要迎合受众兴趣，D 选项“Speak directly to what matters to them.(直接谈论对他们重要的事情)”进一步说明了具体做法，即直接针对受众关心的事情进行交流，与上文逻辑一致。故选 D 项。
8 ．下文“However, they’re hearing it for the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些)”与设空句之间是转折关系。G 选项“As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.(作为演讲者，你已经知道你要说什么了)”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“what you’re going to say”与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选 G 项。
9 ．下文“If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others.(如果你曾经当过导师、
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经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，没有比教别人更好的学习新信息的方法了。让听众贡献他们的想法，或者让他们扮演向他人解释新概念和政策的角色)”建议让受众参与其中，B 选项“Get the audience involved.(让受众参与进来)”能概括这部分内容，适合作段首小标题。故选 B 项。
10 ．上文“If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email.
Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow
up with questions.(如果你传达的信息不紧急，考虑发电子邮件。书面沟通会给你的受众更多时间来复习、思考， 并跟进提问)”说明了发邮件这种书面沟通的好处，F 选项“It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.(它还会给他们提供一个方便查阅的记录)”进一步补充了发邮件的另一个好处，与上文逻辑紧密。故选 F 项。
11 ．F 12 ．B 13 ．E 14 ．A 15 ．D
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
11 ．上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented
manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F 选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选 F 项。
12．上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online
dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can
leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以 B 选项“It takes no account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选 B 项。
13 ．下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other
words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is
pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。 )”提到了字典的功能，E 选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下
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文内容。故选 E 项。
14 ．下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage,
there’s nothing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A 选项“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选 A 项。
15 ．上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull” 的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D 选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“ 乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选 D项。
16 ．B 17 ．C 18 ．E 19 ．A 20 ．G
本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游” 的现象。
16 ．前文“Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，B 选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选 B。
17 ．前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C 选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选 C。
18．前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不
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太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights ( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E 选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”符合语境。故选 E。
19 ．空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major
holidays or rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A 选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
20．前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感
觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G 选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选 G。
21 ．F 22 ．C 23 ．E 24 ．B 25 ．A
本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了，在饮食上注意节制及其如何节制的方法。
21 ．上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel
satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F 项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在吃的少。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文