专题三 代词 2026年甘肃省中考英语语法专题复习课件(共50张PPT)

(共50张PPT)
第二部分 语法专题突破
专题三 代词
知识结构图解
中考命题点聚焦
同步跟踪训练
知识结构图解
中考命题点聚焦
命题点1 人称代词、物主代词与 反身代词
人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表
类别 人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
类别 人称 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 第二人称 复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
续表
1.人称代词的用法
（1）主格和宾格的用法#2.1
类别 位置 作用 例句
主格 用在动词前（2025省卷； 2024省卷） 作主语 I like English very much.
类别 位置 作用 例句
宾格 用在动词或介词后，表示 动作行为的对象 （2025省卷；2024兰州） 作宾语 Can you look after her
while I'm away
（介词之后）
The boy asks him for
help. （动词之后）
用在系动词之后 （2023省卷） 作表语 —Who's the boy in the
photo
—It's me.（系动词之后）
续表
（2）it的用法
用法 例句
指代动物、不考虑性别的婴儿或 不明身份的人。 —Who is it
—It's me.
指代前面提到的事或物。 I bought a new book.It is about the
history of our country.
用法 例句
作主语，指代时间、距离、天气 或环境等。 Itis Sunday today.
Itis warm and sunny.
Itis 5 kilometers away from our
school.
用来替代指示代词this或that。 —What's this
—Itis a new type of car.
续表
【注意】it的特殊用法
（1）it作形式主语常见句型：
①It's +adj.（+for/of sb.）+to do sth.
（对某人来说/某人）做某事是……的
②It's+adj.+that 从句 做某事是……的
③It seems/seemed+that 从句 似乎/好像……#2.2.2.1.4
④It's believed/said/reported+that 从句
人们相信/据说/据报道……
⑤It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多长时间。
⑥It's one's turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
⑦It's time for sth./to do sth./that 从句是时候做某事了#2.2.2.1.9
（2）it作形式宾语常见结构：
①find it +adj.+to do sth.
发现做某事是……的
②think/believe/consider it +adj.+to do sth. 认为做某事是……的
③feel it +adj.+to do sth.
感觉做某事是……的
④make it+adj.+to do sth. 使做某事是……的
（3）常见it短语和句子：
take it easy放轻松 make it成功
when it comes to 当提到…… forget it算了
believe it or not 信不信由你
Don't mention it. 不用介意。
2.物主代词的用法
类别 用法 例句
形容词性物 主代词 作定语，常位于名词之前 （2025兰州;2024省卷） This is herbook.
名词性物主 代词 作主语（2025省卷） This is not my computer, mine
is on the desk.
作宾语 My pen is lost. I'm using hers.
作表语（2024省卷；2023 省卷） The blue pen is his.
3.反身代词的用法
（1）反身代词的基本用法
位置 作用 例句
动词或介词之后 （2025兰州；2024省卷） 作宾语 I hope you can enjoy
yourselvesat the party.
系动词之后 作表语 I am not quite myselftoday.
名词或代词之后或句末 作同 位语 The boy made the model plane
himself.
（2）反身代词的相关短语：
help oneself （to）自用（食物等）
enjoy oneself 玩得愉快
dress oneself 自己穿衣服
by oneself单独地；独自地（2022省卷；2021省卷）
learn by oneself 自学
keep…to oneself 保密
1.第一人称和第二人称的反身代词，以“形容词性物主代词+self/selves”构
成。
2.第三人称的反身代词，以“人称代词宾格+self/selves”构成。
活学现用
1.Using AI tools in the right way can help ____（we） study better.
2.My dream is to be an artist and ____（he） is to be a musician.
3.Give your children a chance to solve the problems by ___________
（they）.
4.Exercising and dancing to a piece of music becomes a popular way for
many old people to spend _____（they） free time.
us
his
themselves
their
命题点2 不定代词
◆普通不定代词
不定代词是不明确指代某个（些）人、某个（些）事物的代词,起名
词或形容词的作用。初中常考的易混不定代词有很多，常见的有以下几
组：#1
1.表示数量的不定代词#1.1
代词 用法
many 修饰可数名词，表示“许多；大量”。
如：many students很多学生
much 修饰不可数名词，表示“许多；大量”。
如：much water很多水
some 用于肯定句，表示“一些”；还可以用于疑问句中，表示邀
请、请求或期待得到肯定回答。
如：There are somebooks on the table.
代词 用法
any 用于疑问句或否定句，表示“一些”（2023兰州）；也可用于
肯定句，表示“任何，任一个”。
如：Do you have anysuggestions
few 修饰可数名词，表否定意义，意为“几乎没有；很少”。如：
few people几乎没有人
续表
代词 用法
a few 修饰可数名词，表肯定意义，意为“几个；有些”。如：a few
books一些书
little 修饰不可数名词，表否定意义，意为“几乎没有”。如：little
space几乎没空间
a little 修饰不可数名词，表肯定意义，意为“少量；一些”。
（2023省卷）如：a little milk一些牛奶
续表
2.辨析either, neither, both, all & none#1.2
代词 用法及例句
either 表示“两者中的任何一个”。
如：You can park on either side of the street.
neither 表示“两者都不”。
如：Neither of them has a car.
both 表示“两者都”。如：I have two sisters.
Both of them live in London.
代词 用法及例句
all 表示“全都”，适用于三者或三者以上的人或物。
如：His last movie was best of all.
none 表示“没有一个”，适用于三者或三者以上的人或物。
如：None of these pens works.
续表
3.辨析every & each
侧重点 each强调个体，可以与of连用；every强调整体。
适用范围 each适用于两者或两者以上的人或物；every适用于三者或三
者以上的人或物。
4.辨析other, the other, others, the others &another#1.4
代词 含义 用法和例句
other 另外的 常与复数名词连用。
如：China has made great efforts to help
other countries.
the other （两者/两部 分中的）另 一个/些 常与one连用，构成“one…the other…”意为
“一个……另一个……”。
如：The old man has two sons.
Oneis a teacher, the otheris a doctor.
代词 含义 用法和例句
others 另一些 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部），不能作定
语，构成“some…others…”，意为“一些……
另一些……”。如：John and his brother are
friendly and like to help others.
the others 其余的人或 物 特指其余所有的人或物。如：All the
othersseemed to know each other and I
began to feel left out.
续表
代词 含义 用法和例句
another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的另一个，用作限定词
或代词。
如：Anothersatellite has been sent into orbit
this year.
续表
◆复合不定代词
1.初中阶段常见的复合不定代词
somebody （某人） anybody （任何人） nobody（没有人） everybody（每人）
someone （某人） anyone （任何人） no one（没有人） everyone（每人）
something （某事） anything （任何事） nothing （没有东西） （2021省卷） everything
（每一件事）
2.复合不定代词的用法
（1）当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定
代词之后。
如：There is something interesting in the book.
（2）复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。
如：Someone is playing the piano in the empty house.
活学现用
5.
anything others another none
（1）Achieving one goal is the starting point to ________. We should
always keep moving!
（2）The teacher asked a question, but ______ of us knew the answer.
（3）He stood up, but he couldn't say _________ to express his feeling.
（4）If everyone gives a helping hand to _______, our world will be a
better place.
another
none
anything
others
命题点3 指示代词
◆辨析this/these与that/those
代词 用法 示例
this/these ①指代在时间或空间上离自己 较近的人或物，单数用this,复数 用these； ②指代下文要提到的人或物。 Thisis my sister, Mary.
Please remember this:
No pains, no gains.
代词 用法 示例
that/those ①指代在时间或空间上离自己 较远的人或物，单数用that,复数 用those； ②常用于比较结构中，代替前 面提到的名词，以避免重复。 That's Peter over there.
The oranges on the table
are bigger than thosein
the basket.
续表
【注意】
1.在电话用语中，常用this介绍自己是谁，用that询问对方是谁。
如：—Hello! Who is that
—Hello! This is Jack speaking.
2.在疑问句中，若句子主语是this/that/these/those，回答用it或they代替。
如：—Is this/that your bag
—Yes, itis.
【拓展】辨析it, one和that
代词 用法 例句
it 特指上文提到的对象，是同一事 物。 The book is mine.It's very
interesting.
one 泛指上文提及的同类人或事物中的 一个,同类而不同物。（2021省卷） —Who has a dictionary？
—I have one.
that 常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的 可数名词单数或不可数名词,以避免 重复。 The weather in Beijing is
colder than that in Shenzhen.
活学现用
6.
one it that
（1）This book must be great. My mother has read ___ three times.
（2）The movie is the most interesting _____ among those movies
during the holiday.
（3）The traffic in this city is a little heavier than _____ in my
hometown.
it
one
that
命题点4 疑问代词
疑问代词是用来构成特殊疑问句的代词，一般位于句首，在句中充当
主语、宾语、表语或定语。
代词 用法 例句
who “谁”，对人称代词主格进行提问。 Whobroke the window
whom “谁”，对人称代词宾格进行提问。 Whom did you go
swimming with
代词 用法 例句
whose “谁的”，对所属关系进行提问。 Whosepen is this
what “什么”，对具体内容进行提问。 Whatdo you know about
it
which “哪个”，对指定范围内特定的人或物 进行提问。 Whichmovie do you like
best
续表
活学现用
7.
who whom which what whose
（1）— ______ is playing the violin in the next room Is it your sister
—It can't be her. She has gone to Nanchang.
Who
（2）— _______ season do you prefer in Gansu, winter or summer
—Winter. I like making snowmen with my family.
Which
（3）— _______our English teacher is talking with
—She is talking with Lisa' mother.
Whom
（4）— _______ is this pink notebook
—I think it might be Linda's, but I'm not sure.
Whose
（5）— ______ do you work so hard for
—To help my parents live a better life is exactly what I want.
What
同步跟踪训练
真题回顾
1.（2025 省卷）The purple scarf is not the girl's. ___ is blue.
B
A.Its B.Hers C.Mine D.His
2.（2024省卷）Mark just phoned to say he'd left his coat behind. Do
you know if this is ___
C
A.mine B.hers C.his D.its
3.（2024临夏州）The town is getting more and more beautiful with
many flowers on ___ sides of the streets.
D
A.all B.either C.neither D.both
4.（2023省卷）That's ___. That's the man I was talking about.
C
A.me B.her C.him D.it
5.（2025 省卷）Jim's teachers encourage _____ （he） to try new
things.
6.（2025 兰州）I am 15 years old and I'm able to look after _______
（I） well.
him
myself
基础巩固
Ⅰ.语法与情景对话
1.These are my cousins. ___ are both university students.
D
A.We B.You C.I D.They
2.—The best things in life are free.
—I couldn't agree more. Air costs ___, but we can't live without it.
A
A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything
3.—Sarah, you're wanted on the phone. It's from Beijing.
—You must be kidding. I don't know ___ in Beijing.
A
A.anybody B.somebody C.nobody D.everybody
4.I don't like his speech because I can't find ___ in it.
D
A.something boring B.something new
C.anything boring D.anything new
5.—Excuse me, do you have this book for sale
—Not yet. But you can check out ___ similar books over there.
D
A.this B.that C.these D.those
6.—Which of these sweaters do you like, Jane
— ___. Both colors are too bright.
D
A.Either B.None C.All D.Neither
7.The class was over, but I still had ___ questions to ask.
C
A.a little B.little C.a few D.few
8.—I can't find my shoes. Where are they, Mom
—Oh, one is under the bed, ___ is behind the door.
A
A.the other B.others C.another D.other
9.—It's neither too cold nor too hot all year round in Kunming, making
___ a perfect place to live in or visit.
—Right. I went there last year.
D
A.that B.one C.this D.it
10.Many people find ___ relaxing to take a shower after working all day.
D
A.this B.that C.one D.it
11.— ___ is this basketball
—Perhaps it's our English teacher's. He likes sports.
A
A.Whose B.Where C.How D.Which
12.I'm expecting to have a big house for long, but I can't afford to buy
___.
B
A.it B.one C.this D.that
13.—When would you like to go to the concert, on Saturday or Sunday
— ___ day is OK. I'm free this weekend.
D
A.All B.Both C.Neither D.Either
14.The weather in Guangdong is hotter than ___ in Qinghai.
C
A.it B.those C.that D.one
15. ___ is our duty to make our country better and stronger.
A
A.It B.This C.That D.One
Ⅱ.根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.There isn't _____ （some） vegetables now. Let's buy some in the
supermarket.
2.The students enjoyed ___________ （they） during the trip to Turkey.
3.My parents are showing a friend of ______ （they） around our
community.
4.Do you have _________（something） valuable in your backpack
5.Miss Zhang taught ____（we） English last term.
6.It's late autumn now. The tree has lost all of ____（it） leaves.
any
themselves
theirs
anything
us
its
7.If you talk with _______（other） about your problem, you're halfway
to solve it.
others
8.I hope that in a few years' time, we will come back to visit ____（we）
school.
our
9.The pride on his face showed that he was satisfied with ________
（he）.
10.It's not my book. It's _____（her）.
himself
hers