Unit 5 First Aid
夯基培优练(一)
(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Only a minority (minor) of British households do not have a car.
2. The interruption of electricity (electric) made us unable to do anything.
3. Infectious diseases are spreading among many of the flood victims (victim).
4. Your ankle is badly swollen (swell)； I think the doctor ought to look at it.
5. I felt quite nervous (nerve) when the teacher called on me to answer the question.
6. She fastened the belt loosely (loose) around her waist.
7. We must act swiftly to respond to the urgency (urgent).
8. In order to reach this limit， a number of technical (technique) problems will have to be solved.
9. Nowadays， organic (organ) farming is expanding everywhere.
10. She was born blind， so she must use her s ense of touch to help herself during her routine.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
act as get burnt
a variety of be divided into
depend on stick to
apply…to… suffer from
1. You might get burnt and you might drop the pan of burning oil.
2. Children depend on their parents for food and clothing.
3. The mud stuck to her boots， making her feet heavy and her legs tired.
4. The year is divided into twelve months.
5. She is suffering from unspeakable pain.
6. The hotel offers its guests a variety of amusements.
7. A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person.
8. The surgeon applied some ointment (药膏) to my burnt fingers this morning.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★loose adj.松的；未系紧的；宽松的 loosen vt.&vi.松开；放松
【归纳拓展】
break loose挣脱；摆脱
let loose不受控制；自在发生
loose ends (故事等的)悬念；未了结的部分
loosen one’s grip on 松开；放开(手等)
loosen up放松；热身
【即学即练】
(1)她穿了一件宽松的毛衣，感觉很舒服。
She wore a loose sweater and felt very comfortable.
(2)狗挣脱了绳子，跑进了公园。
The dog broke loose from the leash and ran into the park.
(3)他松开了手中的绳子。
He loosened his grip on the rope.
(4)我们需要在会议前解决这些未了结的部分。
We need to tie up these loose ends before the meeting.
(5)他看起来很紧张，朋友们不停地劝他要放松。
He seemed nervous and his friends kept telling him to loosen up .
2. ★urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的 urgency n.紧急；迫切 urgently adv.紧急地
【归纳拓展】
an urgent matter紧急的事情
urgent care/need紧急护理/急需
in urgent need of…急需……
act with urgency紧急行动
address the urgency处理紧急情况
【即学即练】
(1)这是一件非常紧急的事情，需要立即处理。
This is an urgent matter and needs to be dealt with immediately.
(2)灾区急需救援物资。
The disaster area is in urgent need of relief goods.
(3)我们必须紧急行动，以避免更大的损失。
We must act with urgency to avoid greater losses.
(4)这个问题需要立即解决。
This issue needs to be addressed urgently .
Ⅳ. 重要句型
1. 原句：Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary， unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
点睛：if necessary是一个常用的条件短语，是条件句的一种省略形式。类似的短语还有if not、if so、if any、if possible等。
【即学即练】
(1)必要时，他们愿意为国捐躯。
They were ready to die， if necessary ， for their country.
(2)如果可能的话，我希望我能抹去那段记忆。
I wished I could erase that memory， if possible .
(3)如果不行的话，告诉我您最适合的时间。
If not ， inform me what time suits you best.
(4)如果有困难，随时告诉我。
Keep me informed of your difficulty， if any .
(5)下个星期我可能外出。要是那样，我就见不到你了。
I might be away next week. If so ，
I won’t be able to see you.
2. 原句：If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns， there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.
点睛：there is an urgent need to do sth是there be＋名词＋不定式结构的一种具体形式，表示“迫切需要做某事”。There be＋名词＋to do或介词短语是英语中较为常见的结构。
【即学即练】
(1)明天之前完成这个项目迫在眉睫！
There is an urgent need to finish this project by tomorrow！
(2)你已经为这次考试做了准备，所以完全没必要担心。
You have prepared for this exam so there is no need to be worried .
(3)学生们对科学实验很感兴趣。
There is an interest in science experiments among the students.
(4)人们对环境污染问题越来越担忧。
There is a growing concern about environmental pollution.
(5)现在亟须食物和水。
There is an urgent need for food and water .
(6)拐弯抹角说话是没有意义的。
There is no sense/point in beating around the bush .
(7)否认事实是毫无意义的。
There is no point/sense in denying the fact .
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skilful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain important signs including pulse， temperature， an unobstructed (未堵塞的) airway and breathing. In minor emergencies， first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain.
First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the badly injured， a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury， for example， can lead to lifelong disability.
Despite the variety of possible injuries， several suggestions should be followed if first aid applies to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim， if conscious， should be reassured that medical aid has been requested， and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next， assess the scene， asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness， any care that may have already been given， and pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure and heart trouble. The victim’s medical card that describes special medical conditions should be checked. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury， do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method to assess a victim’s condition is known as the ABC， which stands for：
A—Airway： Is it open and unobstructed？
B—Breathing：Is the person breathing？ Look， listen， and feel for breathing.
C—Circulation：Is there a pulse？ Is the person bleeding badly？ Check skin colour and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了急救的基本步骤和评估方法，并强调了在紧急情况下迅速行动和正确施救的重要性。
( A )1. It is very important in first aid to .
A. know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim
B. spend many minutes making the difference between recovery and death
C. move the injured person from the scene of the accident immediately
D. make it clear what illness the victim has had
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.” 可知，在实施急救措施的过程中，知道不应当做什么和知道应当做什么同等重要。
( C )2. Which of the following practices is NOT right in first aid？
A. Checking whether the victim is breathing.
B. Checking whether the victim is bleeding.
C. Waiting for medical treatment before giving first aid.
D. Telephoning a hospital at once.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“First aid must be done as quickly as possible.”可知，急救措施应当尽快实施，而不是把时间浪费在等待专业的医疗救助上，说明了尽快进行急救的重要性。
( D )3. The underlined word “indications” in the last paragraph means .
A. injuries
B. instruments
C. treatments
D. signs
【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“skin colour”及“temperature”可知，这些都属于身体循环问题的表征现象，indication意为“迹象”，与signs意思相近。
( B )4. This passage mainly tells us .
A. the history and skills of first aid
B. basic knowledge about how to give first aid
C. some knowledge to help anyone who may be injured in an accident
D. that first aid is dangerous to those who do not know how to do it
【解析】主旨大意题。第一段讲述了急救的定义，第二段讲述了急救的重要意义，最后几段讲述了一些基本的急救知识。由此可知，文章主要内容与急救的基本知识有关。
Ⅵ. 课文语法填空
As an essential part and 1 largest organ of our body， the skin has many important 2 (function). Therefore， 3 (get) burnt can lead to very serious injuries， which need first aid in time.
We can get burnt by a 4 (various) of things， like hot liquids， fire or some chemicals. 5 (depend) on the depth of skin damage， burns can be divided into three types： first-degree burns， second-degree burns and third-degree burns. For first-degree burns， first， place burns under cool running water， especially within the first ten minutes. Second， dry the burnt area 6 (gentle) with a clean cloth. Meanwhile， remove any clothes using scissors if necessary， 7 you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. Then cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Don’t apply oil 8 the injured areas， as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. It is important 9 (take) the victim， 10 suffers from second or third-degree burns to the hospital right away.
1. the
【解析】 考查冠词。根据空格后的形容词最高等级largest可知，空格处应使用定冠词the。
2. functions
【解析】 考查名词单复数。根据空格前的“many”可知，空格处表示复数概念，应使用单词的复数形式。
3. getting
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词为can lead to，空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接，应使用非谓语动词；句子缺少主语，空格处应使用动词－ing形式作主语。
4. variety
【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处应使用various的名词形式variety作介词by的宾语。a variety of意为“各种各样的”，为固定短语。
5. Depending
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词为can be divided into，空格处和谓语动词之间没有连词连接，应使用非谓语动词；depend和主语burns构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用动词－ing形式作状语；又因空格处位于句首，首字母应大写。
6. gently
【解析】 考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰动词dry，应使用副词形式gently作dry的状语。
7. unless
【解析】 考查连词。句意：同时，如果有必要的话，用剪刀把所有的衣物除去，除非你看到有布料粘在了烧伤处。空格后描述的是特殊的情况，应使用连词unless。
8. to
【解析】 考查介词。apply…to…意为“把……涂抹在……上”，为固定搭配。
9. to take
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于“it is＋adj.＋to do sth”结构中，表示“做某事很……”，it为形式主语，空格处应使用动词不定式来表示真正的主语。
10. who
【解析】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中充当主语；先行词为the victim，指人，应使用关系代词who。
夯基培优练(二)
(Learning About Language)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams with e ase .
2. She was sitting in an armchair with blankets w rapped around her.
3. On hot days we often go bathing (bath) in the river.
4. She s lipped on the ice and fell.
5. The seriousness (serious)of the situation became clear when the storm caused widespread damage.
6. The e lderly man walked slowly with the help of a cane.
7. The telephone operator (operate) connected the call to the correct department.
8. The a mbulance arrived quickly to take the injured person to the hospital.
9. The flight was d elayed due to heavy fog at the airport.
10. The patient was moved to a private w ard for further treatment.
Ⅱ. 语法突破——动词－ing形式复习
1. 单句语法填空
(1)Tom’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use arguing (argue) with him.
(2)The president holding (hold)the meeting now is my neighbour.
(3) Seeing (see) nobody at home， she decided to leave them a note.
(4)We are looking forward to being given (give) another chance to try it again.
(5)We are considering taking (take) a trip around the island.
(6)The wild flower looked like a soft orange blanket covering (cover) the desert.
(7) Having been separated (separate) for many years， the two brothers can’t recognise each other.
(8)Tommy has had his big brother telling (tell) stories for one hour.
(9)The children enjoyed playing (play) in the park all afternoon.
(10) Not knowing (not know) the answer， he decided to ask the teacher for help.
2. 根据汉语意思，完成下列句子
(1)有一条又窄又长的小路通向那个村庄。
There’s a narrow long path leading to the village .
(2)了解基本的急救技巧会帮助你迅速应对紧急情况。
Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
(3)他花费了他能够利用的每一分钟练习英语口语。
He spent every minute he could use (in) practising spoken/oral English .
(4)他把全部的时间和精力都投入到进行这项研究中。
He devoted all of his time and energy to doing the research .
(5)看到老师走进教室，学生们立刻安静了下来。
Seeing the teacher enter the classroom ，
the students immediately became quiet.
(6)她通过每天练习钢琴提高了自己的音乐技能。
She improved her music skills by practising the piano every day .
Ⅲ. 完形填空
Emergency on the Mountain
Ana was a 12－year-old girl living in the mountain. Her 1 was to become a village nurse like Leta， her neighbour. She spent almost all her spare time reading a 2 book by herself.
This morning， Leta went to Santiago to 3 a short-term training class by a group of volunteer doctors for first-aiders to learn medical skills. Before she left， Ana begged Leta to take her along but Leta 4 ， saying that Ana was too 5 to learn anything important.
Ana was very 6 this morning， so she decided to wander around to refresh herself. On the hillside， she saw Rafi standing on a donkey’s bare back， some kids around him. Rafi was only 13， but he was always doing something to get 7 . “No wonder adults don’t 8 kids with anything important，” Ana said to herself. She had just turned away 9 she heard a few screams and saw Rafi fall off the donkey. Ana ran to where Rafi was lying and 10 that one of his legs bent a little sideways between the knee and the ankle and that all the other kids were frozen not knowing what to do. She 11 what the first-aid book said about broken legs.
“Vin！” Ana called to one of the boys.
“Go and get Rafi’s mama and find someone with a truck，” she turned 12 the other kids. “Give me your shirts. We need something to tie his leg with so it doesn’t move around.”
Ana found a strong， straight stick， which she used to 13 his leg. She carefully wrapped the boys’ shirts around his leg and the stick. When Ana was done， Rafi came back to himself. Ana gently comforted him until Rafi’s mama came over.
Behind her was a neighbour in a pickup truck. They lifted Rafi into the truck， then 14 down the dusty hillside toward the hospital.
The next day， Leta came to Ana’s home. “I heard what you did，” Leta said. “You kept your head in an emergency. That’s an important skill.” Ana’s face burned.
“Now， listen. The volunteer doctors are coming here tomorrow with vaccines. We need some extra 15 . Can you help？”
Ana didn’t hesitate. “I would love to and I’ll bring my first-aid book，” Ana said excitedly.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ana 梦想成为一名像她的邻居Leta那样的乡村护士。一开始Leta认为Ana 太小了，让她学习一些重要的医术为时尚早，但是在Ana利用自己所学的急救知识成功地处理了一次突发事件后，Leta 邀请她加入了医疗志愿者队伍。
( A )1.A. dream B. hobby
C. plan D. addiction
【解析】 考查名词。根据空格后的“become a village nurse like Leta， her neighbour”可知，空格处指Ana的梦想，她的梦想是成为一名像她的邻居Leta那样的乡村护士。
( B )2. A. science B. first-aid
C. biology D. handcraft
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“She 11 what the first-aid book said…”可知，此处指她利用业余时间阅读一本急救书籍。
( A )3. A. attend B. give
C. learn D. follow
【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“a short-term training class…learn medical skills”可知，Leta是去参加一个可以学到医术的课程。
( C )4. A. agreed B. promised
C. refused D. allowed
【解析】 考查动词。根据空格前的“but”及空格后的“saying that Ana was too 5 to learn anything important”可知，Leta拒绝了Ana想要一起参加的请求。
( D )5. A. weak B. sensitive
C. selfish D. young
【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文语境可知，Ana仅12岁，在成年人Leta看来，此时让她学习一些重要的医学知识为时尚早。
( A )6. A. upset B. relieved
C. cold D. different
【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“so she decided to wander around to refresh herself”并结合上文语境可知，在自己的请求被拒绝之后，Ana心里一定是烦闷沮丧的。
( B )7. A. connection B. attention
C. distinction D. education
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文中的“Rafi standing on a donkey’s bare back， some kids around him”并结合常识可知，Rafi站在驴背上，一些孩子围着他，而儿童做出这样的举动一般是为了吸引同龄人的注意。
( C )8. A. bother B. present
C. trust D. provide
【解析】 考查动词。根据上文语境可知，Rafi站在驴背上，孩子们围绕着他，大人们认为这个年龄段的孩子们不稳重，是不放心把重要的事情托付给孩子们的。trust sb with sth意为“把某事托付给某人”，为固定搭配。
( A )9. A. when B. after
C. until D. since
【解析】 考查连词。根据逻辑可知，此处指Ana刚要走开，就听到了一阵尖叫声，看到Rafi从驴上摔了下来。when在此处表示“就；正在这时”。
( D )10. A. stated B. predicted
C. explained D. noticed
【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“one of his legs bent a little sideways between the knee and the ankle”可知，这是关于Rafi受伤情况的描述，Ana是旁观者，只能是注意到了当时他的身体受伤状况。
( C )11. A. memorised B. submitted
C. remembered D. considered
【解析】 考查动词。根据上文中的“She spent almost all her spare time reading a 2 book by herself.”可知，Ana业余时间经常阅读急救书籍，此处指她想起了在书上看到的相关内容。
( A )12. A. to B. down
C. against D. on
【解析】 考查介词。根据空格后的“Give me your shirts…”可知，Ana向周围的孩子寻求帮助。turn to意为“求助于”，为固定短语。
( B )13. A. carry B. fix
C. raise D. lift
【解析】 考查动词。根据上文中的“Ana found a strong， straight stick”并结合常识可知，Ana是在用一根棍子固定Rafi的腿。
( B )14. A. rode B. drove
C. walked D. marched
【解析】 考查动词。根据空格前的“They lifted Rafi into the truck”可知，他们把Rafi抬进了卡车，此处指他们开车把Rafi送到了医院。
( D )15. A. medicine B. lessons
C. offers D. hands
【解析】 考查名词。根据空格前的“The volunteer doctors are coming here tomorrow with vaccines.”及空格后的“Can you help？”可知，志愿医生明天才能到，此时医院人手不足，需要额外的帮手，Leta邀请Ana 加入自己所在的医疗队伍帮忙。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Doctors in hospital emergency rooms often see accidental poisonings. A frightened parent arrives with a child who swallowed a cleaning liquid. Or perhaps the harmful substance is a medicine. Or it might be a product meant to kill insects. These are common causes of accidental poisonings.
In cases like this， seek medical help as soon as possible. Save the container of whatever caused the poisoning. And look on the container for information about anything that stops the effects of the poison. Save anything expelled from the mouth of the victim. That way， doctors can examine it.
Millions of people know how to give abdominal thrusts (腹部按压) to save a person choking on something trapped in the throat. The American Red Cross says a rescuer should first hit the person on the back five times between the shoulder bones. If the airway is still blocked， the Red Cross suggests pushing hard five times along the victim’s abdomen. You can do these abdominal thrusts by getting directly behind a sitting or standing person.
Doctors suggest several steps if bleeding is severe. First， if possible， remove dirt from the wound and press on it with a clean cloth or piece of clothing. In the past， people were advised to stop severe bleeding with a tourniquet (止血带). But experts now say tourniquets are dangerous because they can crush (挤压) major arteries and nerves. If a wound seems infected， let the victim rest. Physical activity can spread the infection. Treat the wound with a mixture of salt and water until medical help arrives.
To learn more about first aid， ask a hospital or an organisation like the Red Cross or the Red Crescent Society for information. Training may be offered in your area.
If you know first-aid techniques， you can be calmer and more helpful in case of emergency.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在中毒、窒息、严重出血等紧急情况中能发挥重要作用的急救技能。
( B )1. If there is severe bleeding， you should .
A. cover the wound with a tourniquet
B. clean the wound and try to stop bleeding
C. treat the infected wound with salt
D. help the victim do physical activity
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“First， if possible， remove dirt from the wound and press on it with a clean cloth or piece of clothing.”可知，当严重出血时，应清除伤口上的污垢并用干净的布或衣服压在伤口上来减少出血。
( A )2. Where can you learn more about first aid？
A. A hospital or the Red Cross.
B. A hospital or a magazine.
C. The Red Cross or a patient.
D. The Red Crescent Society or a book.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“To learn more about first aid， ask a hospital or an organisation like the Red Cross or the Red Crescent Society for information.”可知，可以在医院和红十字会等地学到更多急救知识。
( C )3. From the passage， we can know .
A. now people still use a tourniquet to stop bleeding
B. the container of poison is not helpful to doctors
C. rest can do good to an infected wound
D. abdominal thrusts are for the unconscious
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“If a wound seems infected， let the victim rest.”可知，当伤口感染时，应让伤者好好休息。
( D )4. What’s the best title for the text？
A. The Importance of Knowing First-aid Techniques
B. How to Deal with Different Emergency
C. Different Cases in Hospital Emergency
D. Different Practical Techniques of Some First Aid
【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了在中毒、窒息、严重出血等紧急情况中能发挥重要作用的急救技能。因此选项D“一些实用的急救技能”适合作为本文标题。
夯基培优练(三)
(Using Language)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. He had attempted to rescue the drowning (drown) man.
2. Press firmly on the wound to stop the bleeding (bleed).
3. Guests panicked (panic) and screamed when the bomb exploded.
4. I managed to work for two hours without interruption (interrupt).
5. They sat in a corner， away from other diners (dine).
6. From a practical (practice) point of view， it isn’t a good place to live.
7. The police are working hard to identify the v ictim of the robbery.
8. Doctors were fighting a d esperate battle to save the little girl’s life.
9. He was choking (choke) on a piece of toast， his face turning red as he struggled to breathe.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
help sb to one’s feet force out
with the help of stand by
remove…from… face up
be desperate for keep…calm
1. If you are allergic to a food or a drink， you can remove it from your diet.
2. The mother tried to keep the baby calm in every possible way.
3. He was forced out of the company because of his unreasonable behaviour.
4. Peter stood by me when I most needed help. I’ll always appreciate that.
5. They argued with him， but he could not face up to reality.
6. She spoke with us with the help of an interpreter.
7. He offered to help the old man to his feet and accompanied him to the safe area.
8. Having suffered from the war for long， they are desperate for peace.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的desperation n.绝望；拼命 desperately adv.绝望地；极度地
【归纳拓展】
be desperate for sth极度渴望……
be desperate to do sth迫切想要做某事
in desperation在绝望中；拼命地
a desperate attempt孤注一掷的尝试
a desperate situation绝望的处境
feel desperate感到绝望
【即学即练】
(1)她迫切想要逃离这个困境。
She is desperate to escape from this difficult situation.
(2)在绝望中，他决定孤注一掷。
In desperation ， he decided to make a last attempt.
(3)这是一个绝望的处境，我们需要尽快找到解决办法。
This is a desperate situation ， and we need to find a solution as soon as possible.
(4)为了孩子们有饭吃，他拼命找工作。
He was desperate for work to provide food for his children.
2. ★justify vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由 justification n.正当理由；辩护justifiable adj.有理由的；可辩护的
【归纳拓展】
justify sth/doing sth
证明某事/做某事是正当/合理的
justify oneself 为自己辩护
be justified in doing sth做某事是有理由的
justification for sth正当理由
a justifiable decision合理的决定
【即学即练】
(1)她的成功证明了老师对她的信任是正确的。
Her success had justified the faith her teachers had put in her.
(2)你能证明花费这么多钱是合理的吗？
Can you justify spending so much money？
(3)她为自己在会议上的行为辩护。
She justified herself for her behaviour at the meeting.
(4)你有理由对这件事感到生气。
You are justified in feeling angry about this matter.
(5)对我来说，动物园存在的唯一正当理由是其教育作用。
To me the only justification for a zoo is educational.
Ⅳ. 重要句型
原句：He was now holding his throat with his face turning red， while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
点睛：with his face turning red为“with＋名词＋分词”结构，表示伴随状态或动作。这种结构常用于描述某个动作发生时的背景或伴随情况，强调同时性。slap sb on the back表示 “拍某人的背”。在英语中，表示“打、抓、摸某人身体的某个部位”时，通常用“动词＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位”结构。
【即学即练】
1. 老师拍拍我的肩膀，说我考得不错。
The teacher patted me on the shoulder and said I did a good job in the examination.
2. 男孩牵着老人的手穿过了马路。
The boy led the old man by the hand and crossed the street.
3. 那人抓住了小偷的胳膊。
The man caught/seized the thief by the arm .
4. 妈妈吻了女儿的双颊。
The mother kissed her daughter on both cheeks .
5. 球打在了他的胸口上。
The ball struck him on the chest .
6. 一个男人进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。
In came a man with his hands tied back .
7. 他躺在那儿，眼望天空，陷入了沉思。
He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky ， lost in deep thought.
8. 所有灯都亮起来了，广场看起来比往日漂亮多了。
The square looks more beautiful than ever with all the lights on .
9. 全班同学都盯着他，他感到更不自在了。
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him .
10. 随着这个问题的解决，所有的学生都活跃起来了。
With this problem solved ， all the students came to life.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on 25 December. I didn’t think there would be any patients， sighing about having to work on Christmas. Just then five bodies showed up at my desk， a pale woman and four small children.
“Are you all sick？” I asked doubtfully.
“Yes，” she said weakly and lowered her head.
But when it came to descriptions of their presenting problems， things got a little vague. Two of the children had headaches， but the headaches weren’t accompanied by the normal body language of holding the head or trying to keep it still. Two children had earaches， but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.
Something was wrong， but I didn’t say anything but explained that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her. She responded， “Take your time； it’s warm here.”
On a hunch (直觉)， I checked the chart after the admitting clerk had finished registering the family. No address—they were homeless. The waiting room was warm.
I looked out at the family huddled by the Christmas tree. The littlest one was pointing at the television and saying something loudly and excitedly to her mother. The oldest one was looking at an ornament on the Christmas tree.
I went back to the nurses’ station and mentioned we had a homeless family in the waiting room. The nurses， complaining about working on Christmas， turned to compassion for a family just trying to get warm on Christmas. The team went into action， much as we do when there’s a medical emergency. But this one was a Christmas emergency.
We were all offered a free meal in the hospital cafeteria on Christmas Day， so we claimed that meal and prepared a banquet for our Christmas guests. As seriously as we met the physical needs of the patients that came to us that day， our team worked to meet the needs， and exceed the expectations， of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day. Later， as the family walked to the door to leave， the four-year-old came running back， gave me a hug and whispered， “Thanks for being our angels today.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个发生在圣诞节的暖心故事：一家人因无家可归而假装生病以在医院里取暖。然而，当医院工作人员得知真相后，他们以温暖的方式给予了这家人帮助。
( C )1. What did the author learn from the family’s descriptions of presenting problems？
A. Two of the children had headaches.
B. One of the children had earaches.
C. The mother pretended to be coughing.
D. The whole family were seriously ill.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But when it came to descriptions of their presenting problems， things got a little vague.”及“The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.”可知，这一家人其实都是在装病。
( D )2. The author made sure that the family were homeless by .
A. asking them some questions
B. listening to their introduction
C. observing their facial expressions
D. checking their registration information
【解析】细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知，作者在接待员给这家人登记完之后检查了表格，发现他们并没有住址，从而得知他们无家可归。
( B )3. After knowing about the homeless family， the nurses .
A. gave them a medical treatment
B. provided them with a big dinner
C. prepared a Christmas tree for them
D. held a big Christmas party for them
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We were all offered a free meal in the hospital cafeteria…for our Christmas guests.”可知，医院工作人员把医院提供给他们的大餐让给了他们圣诞节的客人，这里的“Christmas guests”指的就是在圣诞节当天想要在医院里取暖而装病的一家人。
( A )4. What can be the best title for the text？
A. An Unusual Christmas Emergency
B. Warm-hearted and Beautiful Nurse Angels
C. Having Christmas Together with a Poor Family
D. Receiving Special Christmas Guests in the Waiting Room
【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了圣诞节那天，一家人因无家可归而伪装生病以在医院里取暖。然而，当医院工作人员得知真相后，他们以温暖的方式给予了这家人帮助。因此选项A“一次不同寻常的圣诞紧急情况”适合作为本文标题。
Ⅵ. 阅读七选五
Last week when I was reading at home， my younger sister rushed in and told me an old man was lying on the ground in front of our building. I immediately took my first-aid kit and ran downstairs. He was suffering a slight heart attack. So I performed CPR on him. Luckily， an ambulance came soon and he was taken to hospital. Later that day I was told by the hospital what I did helped rescue the old man’s life. I was happy to hear that. 1 There were many people who wanted to help around the old man then. Yet no one performed first aid on him as they hadn’t attended a first-aid course.
2 Here are my reasons. You can gain the knowledge， skills and confidence to act in an emergency. You never know when you might need them—you could be at home， at work， at school or on holiday. If you have the skills， you can act whenever you’re needed.
3 For your family， your neighbours or the broader community， having more people with first-aid skills helps build a stronger and more harmonious community.
You can stay safe at work. 4 With first-aid knowledge you can create a safe work environment and help meet your workplace’s safety requirements.
It’s helpful to your future career. The first-hand experience you gain through learning first aid and using your skills could help you decide if you want to pursue a career in the health profession. 5
A. Yet at the same time I felt a bit sad. B. I received a phone call from the hospital. C. You can be a resource for your community. D. Illness and injury can happen anywhere， anytime. E. You can take first-aid courses in your community for free. F. I think everyone should learn at least some basic first-aid techniques， which can be very vital. G. It also shows your commitment to a career in the health profession when it comes to applying for jobs.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要强调了学习一些最基本的急救知识的重要性，并说明了学习急救知识的一些理由。
1. A
【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。空格前提到作者因救助了一个患有心脏病的老人而感到高兴，空格后提到很多人想帮忙，但因未学过急救，无人敢对老人施救，空格处表示转折，作者在高兴自己拯救了别人生命的同时，也为周围很多人不会急救而感到伤心，选项A“然而，与此同时，我却感到有些难过”符合语境。
2. F
【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“Here are my reasons. You can gain the knowledge…”可知，空格处会提到作者关于急救知识的观点，选项F“我认为每个人都应该至少掌握一些基本的急救技巧，这些技巧可能非常关键”符合语境。
3. C
【解析】 考查段落大意。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述了对于家庭、邻居或者更大的团体来说，拥有更多掌握急救技能的人有助于建立一个更强大和更和谐的团体(群体)，即掌握急救技能的人对于团体的意义，选项C“你可以成为社区的宝贵资源”能概括本段段落大意。
4. D
【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据下文中的“With first-aid knowledge…safety requirements.”可知，此处指出掌握急救知识的重要性和好处，其有助于创造一个更安全的工作环境，空格处会提到掌握急救知识的原因，选项D“疾病和伤害随时随地都可能发生”符合语境。
5. G
【解析】 考查学生对上下文的理解。根据上文内容可知，本段论述的是急救知识和自身职业生涯的关系，通过运用有关急救的技能可以帮助我们决定是否从事医疗行业，选项G“在申请医疗行业相关工作时，这也体现了你对这一职业的投入”符合语境。
夯基培优练(四)
(Writing & Assessing Your Progress)
Ⅰ. 完形填空
I was working as a lifeguard at Tower 15 on Newport Beach and two blocks to my right was another guard named Mike， working at Tower 17. He called me over the phone and said， “Hey， I have 1 two kids who are swimming in the dangerous zone. I have to give them a warning. Keep an eye on us.” I said， “Sure.” In case of 2 ， anytime we got out of our tower， we were supposed to 3 somebody else.
Mike hung up the phone and seized the lifebuoy (救生圈). Then he realised that these two kids had been 4 and that there was a great tendency for them to be swallowed by the wave. Thus， Mike rushed toward the ocean. I 5 the water and all I found were two small heads. The mother of the two kids knelt down on the beach with 6 .
When I dropped my binoculars and reached the mother， Mike was in waist-deep water， 7 the two kids. I turned to the mum and said， “Hey， it’s OK. They are safe.” I saw the terror started to 8 . Then she glanced back and got her first good look at Mike. A new kind of 9 washed over her face as though there was another threat to her kids’ lives. She snatched (抢) her kids without 10 .
Mike had some seemingly 11 behaviour， and his shaved head showed a scar. Maybe he had no 12 manners， but his lifesaving ability made up for his unsatisfactory skills in PR (public relation). In the mother’s 13 ， Mike was a really terrible guy. However， that couldn’t change the fact that he had just 14 her kids.
Mike just glanced at me and smiled. As I jogged back to my tower， I promised myself I’d never let my own 15 prevent me from recognising a hero when I meet one.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了救生员Mike 在海边救了两个小孩，孩子们的母亲却因为Mike 的举止和长相误以为他是坏人的故事。作者指出不要因个人的偏见而对他人的付出视而不见。
( B )1. A. saved B. spotted
C. arrested D. scolded
【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“two kids who are swimming…I have to give them a warning”可知，此处指Mike发现两个小孩在危险海域游泳，准备动身去海边对孩子们予以警告。
( A )2. A. emergencies B. disasters
C. statements D. punishments
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文语境并结合常识可知，Mike发现两个孩子在危险海域游泳的事件属于突发情况。
( B )3. A. assist B. inform
C. confirm D. consider
【解析】 考查动词。根据上文中的“we got out of our tower”并结合常识可知，发生突发情况时，救生员在救援前应当告知其他人。
( A )4. A. struggling B. laughing
C. quarreling D. trembling
【解析】 考查动词。根据空格后的“that there was a great tendency for them to be swallowed by the wave”可知，孩子们有可能被海浪吞没，此处指孩子们在水里挣扎。
( D )5. A. explored B. noticed
C. reached D. scanned
【解析】 考查动词。根据上文中的“I have to give them a warning. Keep an eye on us.”及空格后的“all I found were two small heads”可知，在Mike 跑去救两个孩子时，作者一直在关注着他们的动态。此处指作者在海面上扫视。
( B )6. A. noises B. screams
C. beliefs D. gestures
【解析】 考查名词。根据常识可知，看到自己的孩子溺水，做母亲的应该是会非常恐惧地呼喊。
( D )7. A. hiding B. counting
C. beating D. carrying
【解析】 考查动词。根据下文中的“Hey， it’s OK. They are safe.”可知，这两个孩子后来得救了，且两个孩子已经在水里挣扎了半天，此时孩子们已经没有了力气，Mike一定是抱着或背着他们的。
( A )8. A. fade away B. split up
C. break down D. come around
【解析】 考查动词短语。根据常识并结合上文语境可知，看到孩子们已经安全了，这位母亲应是不那么害怕了。
( C )9. A. surprise B. regret
C. panic D. doubt
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“as though there was another threat to her kids’ lives”可知，那位孩子的母亲一直都陷在担心自己孩子安全的恐慌之中，但看到孩子得救后，松了一口气，此处指她似乎又感受到她孩子的生命受到了威胁，又感到恐慌。
( B )10. A. purpose B. appreciation
C. expectation D. discrimination
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文语境可知，这位母亲因为Mike的外貌，判定他是一个坏人，因而从Mike手中抢过她的孩子，并没有表示感谢。
( D )11. A. stubborn B. abnormal
C. mysterious D. disturbing
【解析】 考查形容词。根据下文中的“and his shaved head showed a scar”可知，and前后表示并列，此处指Mike的行为让人感到有些不安，他剃了光头，露出一道疤痕。
( A )12. A. elegant B. positive
C. unpleasant D. aggressive
【解析】 考查形容词。根据上文中的“Mike had some seemingly 11 behaviour， and his shaved head showed a scar.”及下文中的“Mike was a really terrible guy”可知，此处指Mike举止不太优雅。
( A )13. A. judgement B. experience
C. description D. application
【解析】 考查名词。根据下文中的“Mike was a really terrible guy”并结合上文语境可知，这位母亲看到Mike时，再次陷入恐慌，一把抢过孩子并认定他是坏人，此处是指那位母亲的判断。
( B )14. A. comforted B. rescued
C. condemned D. frightened
【解析】 考查动词。根据上文语境可知，Mike成功地救了两个孩子，这是一个不可否认的事实。
( C )15. A. decision B. request
C. prejudice D. commitment
【解析】 考查名词。根据上文语境可知，Mike救了两个孩子，他们的母亲却因Mike的举止和容貌不仅不表示感谢，还心生恐惧。由此可知，此处指孩子母亲的偏见。
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
The rescue of an Austrian skier who was found alive after being buried by an avalanche (雪崩) is being called a “miracle”. Police in Upper Styria—the mountainous and forested region in Southern Austria—said they were alerted on Christmas Day that a 26－year-old skier had not returned from the slopes. The man who alerted police said he had managed to get through to the skier’s mobile phone but heard only “cracking noises” on the line.
A rescue team was able to trace the skier beneath more than three feet of snow using an electric avalanche victim’s transceiver (无线电收发两用机)， which skiers are required to wear in avalanche-prone areas. They found the man was on a slope of Mount Pleschnitzzinken， in the northwestern area of Upper Styria. “You can’t move under a blanket of snow like this，” Stefan Schrock of the Styria mountain rescue service told Austrian public broadcaster ORF. “The man was extremely lucky that he had a big enough air pocket under the blanket of snow， so he had oxygen too and was able to breathe.”
The man was found about two hours after authorities were first alerted. However， the avalanche hit the region three hours before that when the man was buried in the snow. A rescue team and local police dogs dug the man out of the snow and he was taken down the valley suffering from hypothermia (体温过低). He was otherwise unharmed.
An avalanche also swept across a marked ski trail near the Swiss town of Andermatt on Thursday， injuring two people. Four others were either rescued themselves from the snow unhurt. Police and rescuers searched the snowslide after witnesses said more people might be buried， but the operation ended with police saying there were no more victims. The avalanche occurred mid-morning while many holiday skiers enjoyed mountain sunshine the day after Christmas.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名奥地利滑雪者因雪崩被掩埋五个多小时后被成功救出的故事。
( B )1. Why did the man alert the police？
A. He found two people injured.
B. A 26－year-old skier got lost.
C. He heard only terrible noises.
D. Many people got lost on the slope.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “said they were alerted on Christmas Day that a 26－year-old skier had not returned from the slopes”可知，警方在圣诞节收到了警报，一位二十六岁的滑雪者未从滑雪坡返回。
( D )2. How could the skier survive？
A. Only the dog helped him.
B. He had an electronic transceiver.
C. A blanket of snow helped him.
D. He had a big enough air pocket.
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The man was extremely lucky that he had a big enough air pocket under the blanket of snow， so he had oxygen too and was able to breathe.”可知，那位滑雪者非常幸运，积雪下有一个足够大的气窝，因此有充足的氧气供他呼吸。
( C )3. How long was the man trapped in the snow？
A. For about two hours.
B. For about three hours.
C. For about five hours.
D. For about a week.
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The man was found about two hours after authorities were first alerted. However， the avalanche hit the region three hours before that when the man was buried in the snow.”可知，那个人是在警方第一次接到报警大约两个小时后被发现的。而该地区的雪崩是在三小时前发生的，即接到报警之前，那个人已经被埋在雪下三个小时了。因此那个人被埋在雪下的时间加起来共五个小时。
( B )4. What’s the best title for the passage？
A. A Terrible Avalanche
B. A Christmas Miracle
C. An Exciting Rescue
D. A Christmas Ski
【解析】标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一名奥地利滑雪者在雪崩之后被掩埋了五个多小时，最终被成功救出的故事，这次事故发生在圣诞节，因此这场援救行动也被称为“圣诞奇迹”。因此选项B“圣诞奇迹”适合作为本文标题。
Ⅲ. 书面表达
对他人实施急救的故事
文体感知
导读：实施急救的故事属于记叙文。这类故事一般按照时间顺序来写，写作时要注意条理清晰、详略得当，重点描写急救的过程和最终结果。
【素材】
生活中常有意外发生。假设你和你的同学李明去水房打开水，在回寝室的路上，李明的热水瓶突然破裂，开水烫伤了他的脚。于是你对他实施了必要的急救。请你结合此事，写一篇短文，向学校英文报 Teens 投稿，内容包括：
1. 描述事件发生的经过；
2. 你是如何实施急救的(冷水冲洗、送医院做进一步的处理)；
3. 简要谈谈你对掌握基本急救知识的重要性的认识。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁 记叙文
话题 对他人实施急救
时态 一般过去时
人称 第一人称和第三人称
【词汇】
1. 在我们回来的路上 on our way back
2. 造成重伤 cause severe injuries
3. 附近的水龙头 the water tap nearby
4. 红肿 red and swollen
5. 基本的急救知识
basic knowledge of first aid
6. 起作用 make a difference
【句式】
1. 完成句子
(1)我和李明走在去水房打完开水回来的路上。
Li Ming and I were on our way back after we fetched boiled water from the water room.
(2)李明的热水瓶破裂了，开水使他的脚严重受伤。
Li Ming’s thermos burst and the boiled water caused severe injuries to his feet.
(3)烫伤非常严重，他的皮肤又红又肿。
The burn was very severe， and his skin was
red and swollen .
(4)我把他背到附近的水龙头前，把他的脚放在冷自来水下(冲洗)，直到疼痛减轻。
I carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under the cold running water until the pain lessened .
(5)我叫了一辆出租车，赶紧把他送到医院。
I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital.
(6)他在医院接受进一步的治疗。
He received further treatment in the hospital.
2. 句式升级
(1)用“介词＋现在分词”结构作状语和when引导的时间状语从句连接第1小题中的句(1)和句(2)。
Li Ming and I were on our way back after fetching boiled water from the water room when Li Ming’s thermos burst and the boiled water caused severe injuries to his feet.
(2)用“so…that…”结构升级第1小题中的句(3)。
The burn was so severe that his skin was red and swollen.
(3)用where 引导的定语从句连接第1小题中的句(5)和句(6)。
I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment.
【妙笔成篇】
Accidents always happen suddenly. One day， Li Ming and I were on our way back after fetching boiled water from the water room when Li Ming’s thermos burst and the boiled water caused severe injuries to his feet. The burn was so severe that his skin was red and swollen.
Immediately， I carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under the cold running water until the pain lessened. Afterwards， I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received further treatment.
Only then was I aware that what a difference having a good command of basic knowledge of first aid could make， especially in such a case.
核心素养提升
(单元复习)
Ⅰ. 词汇类记
1. adj.＋－ity→n.
minor→ minority n.少数； 少数人；少数民族
major→ majority n.大部分；大多数
electric→ electricity n.电；电能
equal→ equality n.平等；均等；相等
real→ reality n.现实；实际情况；事实
personal→ personality n.性格；个性
2. v.＋－(l)ent→adj.
urge→ urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；迫切的
depend→ dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的
consist→ consistent adj.一致的；始终如一的
excel→ excellent adj.优秀的
differ→ different adj.不同的
3. adj.＋－cy→n.
urgent→ urgency n.紧迫；急迫；急事；紧要
accurate→ accuracy n.准确(性)；精确(程度)
efficient→ efficiency n.效率；功效
private→ privacy n.隐私
frequent→ frequency n.频率
fluent→ fluency n.流利；流畅
4. v.＋－or→n.
operate→ operator n.电话接线员；操作员；经营者
educate→ educator n.教育工作者；教育家
invent→ inventor n.发明者；发明家
visit→ visitor n.来访者；参观者
conduct→ conductor n.指挥；列车长；(火车)检票员
inspect→ inspector n.检查员；视察员
direct→ director n.主任；导演
instruct→ instructor n.教练；导师；(大学)讲师
collect→ collector n.收集者；收藏家
translate→ translator n.译员；译者；翻译家
5. v.＋－ing→n.
bleed→ bleeding n.流血；失血
meet→ meeting n.会议；集会
paint→ painting n.绘画
run→ running n.跑步
swim→ swimming n.游泳
end→ ending n.结束；终结
begin→ beginning n.开始
6. n.＋－al→adj.
practice→ practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的
technique→ technical adj.技术的
motion→ motional adj.运动的；动态的
globe→ global adj.全球的；地球的
agriculture→ agricultural adj.农业的
culture→ cultural adj.文化的
centre→ central adj.中心的
man→ manual adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
tradition→ traditional adj.传统的
7. adj.＋－(i)fy→vt.
just→ justify vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由
pure→ purify vt.净化
simple→ simplify vt.简化
solid→ solidify vt.(使)凝固；变得稳固；巩固
electric→ electrify vt.使电气化；使通电；使带电
8. out of＋n.→介词短语
out of shape 变形
out of breath 上气不接下气
【out of＋n.短语拓展】
out of balance 失去平衡
out of date 过时
out of control 失去控制
out of order 杂乱
out of danger 脱离危险
out of place 位置不当；不得体；不适当
out of trouble 摆脱麻烦
out of reach 够不着
Ⅱ. 语境检测
1. At the beginning of a speech， it’s very important to g rab the audience’s attention and make them interested in what you have to say.
2. Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged tightly (tight) together.
3. I worked together with Mum to help the old man to his feet.
4. It was foggy (fog) when the accident happened.
5. The lecture is believed to be meaningful and practical (practice).
6. It is a bad habit to delay going (go) to bed late at night.
7. She has stuck to physical training for several years without interruption (interrupt).
8. The workers used traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls， roofs and corridors.
9. Roses will not root in such acid (酸性的) soil.
10. Woolen fabric (织物) shrinks in the wash.
11. The carpet (地毯) added an air of elegance to the room.
12. The frog darted out its tongue to catch a mosquito (蚊子).
13. In the past， a n eedle like a small sword could be used for letting liquid out of body parts which had swollen up.
14. How do you want your steak (牛排) to be done， Sir？
15. I ran out of the tent immediately. But unfortunately， the tent collapsed (collapse) with Steve inside.
16. Now I am writing to apply for the m embership of the English tutorial.
17. Animals will have more space and better living conditions in the s uburb .
18. Scientists now can observe the m otion of stars through astronomical telescope far away.
Ⅲ. 语段串记
1. 昨天我遇到了一位患者，他遭遇了触电事故。他只是受了点轻伤，但他的双手上还是有很多小水疱，左臂也肿起来了。
Yesterday I met a victim/patient ， who suffered from an electric shock . He had minor injury， but there were still many small blisters on both of his hands. His left arm was also swollen .
2. 皮肤是人体的重要器官， 它能让我们感受到触觉。它很容易受到太阳光线和辐射的伤害。
Skin is an important organ of the human body， which can give us a sense of touch . It is easy to be hurt by the sun’s rays and radiation .
3. 如果有人被烧伤，你应该用流动的凉水清洗烧伤部位，这样可以减轻疼痛。然后你应该用一块宽松、干净的布把受伤部位包起来。如果情况危急，你可以带他去看医生。
If someone gets burnt ， you should clean the burnt area with cool running water， which can ease the pain . Then you should wrap it with a loose and clean cloth. If the situation is urgent ， you can take him to see a doctor.
4. 一位老人在积雪覆盖的路上滑倒了。他的脚踝受伤了，而且他的左手在流血。就在那时，一个年轻的小伙子跑过来帮他包扎了伤口，并且叫了救护车。
An elderly/old man slipped on the snow-covered path. His ankle got injured and his left hand was bleeding . At that time， a young fellow ran to help him wrap the wound and called the ambulance .
5. 当这位年轻的母亲看到她的儿子因误吞一个小玻璃球而窒息时，她惊慌失措。她尖叫着，感到绝望，因为她不知道如何进行急救。幸运的是，她的丈夫知道一些实用的急救知识。
The young mother panicked when she saw that her son was choking after swallowing a small glass ball by mistake. She screamed and felt desperate because she didn’t know how to give first aid. Fortunately， her husband knew some practical knowledge about first aid.
6. 所有的医生和护士都在为人民的福祉工作。当紧急情况发生时，他们总是立马奔赴前线，这展现了他们的责任感和奉献精神。
All doctors and nurses work for the welfare of the people. They will always run to the front without delay for emergencies ， which justifies/proves their sense of responsibility and devotion.
Ⅳ. 语法精练
1. Alien said that his trip was interesting (interest).
2. We can’t understand him to postpone making (make) a decision until it is too late.
3. You shouldn’t leave the old man waiting (wait) for so long； it was so cold outside.
4. Some people’s greatest pleasure is fishing (fish).
5. You didn’t hear us come back last night. That’s good. We tried to keep (keep) quiet.
6. Though he failed， he tried doing (do) it again and again.
7. You can keep the book until you have finished reading (read).
8. Excuse me for coming (come) in without being asked (ask).
9. People couldn’t help laughing (laugh) at the foolish girl.
10. Following (follow) the guide， they started to climb.
11. His parents were killed in the accident， leaving (leave) him an orphan.
12. Eating/Having eaten (eat) too much， he couldn’t go to sleep.
13. Having been shown (show) around the school， we were then taken to see the library.
14. Do you know the man standing (stand) at the gate？
15. The students ran out of the room， shouting (shout) loudly.
16. The meeting being held (hold) now is very important.
17. Two days later， I received a letter offering (offer) me the job.
18. The heavy rain kept us waiting (wait) for two hours.
19. We found the baby sleeping (sleep) on the floor.Unit 5 First Aid
夯基培优练(一)
(Reading and Thinking)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Only a (minor) of British households do not have a car.
2. The interruption of (electric) made us unable to do anything.
3. Infectious diseases are spreading among many of the flood (victim).
4. Your ankle is badly (swell)； I think the doctor ought to look at it.
5. I felt quite (nerve) when the teacher called on me to answer the question.
6. She fastened the belt (loose) around her waist.
7. We must act swiftly to respond to the (urgent).
8. In order to reach this limit， a number of (technique) problems will have to be solved.
9. Nowadays， (organ) farming is expanding everywhere.
10. She was born blind， so she must use her s of touch to help herself during her routine.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
act as get burnt
a variety of be divided into
depend on stick to
apply…to… suffer from
1. You might and you might drop the pan of burning oil.
2. Children their parents for food and clothing.
3. The mud her boots， making her feet heavy and her legs tired.
4. The year twelve months.
5. She is unspeakable pain.
6. The hotel offers its guests amusements.
7. A trained dog can a guide to a blind person.
8. The surgeon some ointment (药膏) my burnt fingers this morning.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★loose adj.松的；未系紧的；宽松的 loosen vt.&vi.松开；放松
【归纳拓展】
break loose挣脱；摆脱
let loose不受控制；自在发生
loose ends (故事等的)悬念；未了结的部分
loosen one’s grip on 松开；放开(手等)
loosen up放松；热身
【即学即练】
(1)她穿了一件宽松的毛衣，感觉很舒服。
She wore and felt very comfortable.
(2)狗挣脱了绳子，跑进了公园。
The dog from the leash and ran into the park.
(3)他松开了手中的绳子。
He the rope.
(4)我们需要在会议前解决这些未了结的部分。
We need to tie up these before the meeting.
(5)他看起来很紧张，朋友们不停地劝他要放松。
He seemed nervous and his friends kept telling him to .
2. ★urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的 urgency n.紧急；迫切 urgently adv.紧急地
【归纳拓展】
an urgent matter紧急的事情
urgent care/need紧急护理/急需
in urgent need of…急需……
act with urgency紧急行动
address the urgency处理紧急情况
【即学即练】
(1)这是一件非常紧急的事情，需要立即处理。
This is and needs to be dealt with immediately.
(2)灾区急需救援物资。
The disaster area is relief goods.
(3)我们必须紧急行动，以避免更大的损失。
We must to avoid greater losses.
(4)这个问题需要立即解决。
This issue needs to .
Ⅳ. 重要句型
1. 原句：Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary， unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
点睛：if necessary是一个常用的条件短语，是条件句的一种省略形式。类似的短语还有if not、if so、if any、if possible等。
【即学即练】
(1)必要时，他们愿意为国捐躯。
They were ready to die， ， for their country.
(2)如果可能的话，我希望我能抹去那段记忆。
I wished I could erase that memory， .
(3)如果不行的话，告诉我您最适合的时间。
， inform me what time suits you best.
(4)如果有困难，随时告诉我。
Keep me informed of your difficulty， .
(5)下个星期我可能外出。要是那样，我就见不到你了。
I might be away next week. ，
I won’t be able to see you.
2. 原句：If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns， there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.
点睛：there is an urgent need to do sth是there be＋名词＋不定式结构的一种具体形式，表示“迫切需要做某事”。There be＋名词＋to do或介词短语是英语中较为常见的结构。
【即学即练】
(1)明天之前完成这个项目迫在眉睫！
this project by tomorrow！
(2)你已经为这次考试做了准备，所以完全没必要担心。
You have prepared for this exam so .
(3)学生们对科学实验很感兴趣。
science experiments among the students.
(4)人们对环境污染问题越来越担忧。
environmental pollution.
(5)现在亟须食物和水。
.
(6)拐弯抹角说话是没有意义的。
.
(7)否认事实是毫无意义的。
.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skilful medical treatment is available. First aid may save a life or improve certain important signs including pulse， temperature， an unobstructed (未堵塞的) airway and breathing. In minor emergencies， first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain.
First aid must be done as quickly as possible. In the case of the badly injured， a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First-aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury， for example， can lead to lifelong disability.
Despite the variety of possible injuries， several suggestions should be followed if first aid applies to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim， if conscious， should be reassured that medical aid has been requested， and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next， assess the scene， asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness， any care that may have already been given， and pre-existing conditions such as high blood pressure and heart trouble. The victim’s medical card that describes special medical conditions should be checked. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury， do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method to assess a victim’s condition is known as the ABC， which stands for：
A—Airway： Is it open and unobstructed？
B—Breathing：Is the person breathing？ Look， listen， and feel for breathing.
C—Circulation：Is there a pulse？ Is the person bleeding badly？ Check skin colour and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.
( )1. It is very important in first aid to .
A. know what to do and what not to do according to the condition of the victim
B. spend many minutes making the difference between recovery and death
C. move the injured person from the scene of the accident immediately
D. make it clear what illness the victim has had
( )2. Which of the following practices is NOT right in first aid？
A. Checking whether the victim is breathing.
B. Checking whether the victim is bleeding.
C. Waiting for medical treatment before giving first aid.
D. Telephoning a hospital at once.
( )3. The underlined word “indications” in the last paragraph means .
A. injuries
B. instruments
C. treatments
D. signs
( )4. This passage mainly tells us .
A. the history and skills of first aid
B. basic knowledge about how to give first aid
C. some knowledge to help anyone who may be injured in an accident
D. that first aid is dangerous to those who do not know how to do it
Ⅵ. 课文语法填空
As an essential part and 1 largest organ of our body， the skin has many important 2 (function). Therefore， 3 (get) burnt can lead to very serious injuries， which need first aid in time.
We can get burnt by a 4 (various) of things， like hot liquids， fire or some chemicals. 5 (depend) on the depth of skin damage， burns can be divided into three types： first-degree burns， second-degree burns and third-degree burns. For first-degree burns， first， place burns under cool running water， especially within the first ten minutes. Second， dry the burnt area 6 (gentle) with a clean cloth. Meanwhile， remove any clothes using scissors if necessary， 7 you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. Then cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. Don’t apply oil 8 the injured areas， as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. It is important 9 (take) the victim， 10 suffers from second or third-degree burns to the hospital right away.
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10.
夯基培优练(二)
(Learning About Language)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. Anne was intelligent and capable of passing her exams with e .
2. She was sitting in an armchair with blankets w around her.
3. On hot days we often go (bath) in the river.
4. She s on the ice and fell.
5. The (serious)of the situation became clear when the storm caused widespread damage.
6. The e man walked slowly with the help of a cane.
7. The telephone (operate) connected the call to the correct department.
8. The a arrived quickly to take the injured person to the hospital.
9. The flight was d due to heavy fog at the airport.
10. The patient was moved to a private w for further treatment.
Ⅱ. 语法突破——动词－ing形式复习
1. 单句语法填空
(1)Tom’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use (argue) with him.
(2)The president (hold)the meeting now is my neighbour.
(3) (see) nobody at home， she decided to leave them a note.
(4)We are looking forward to (give) another chance to try it again.
(5)We are considering (take) a trip around the island.
(6)The wild flower looked like a soft orange blanket (cover) the desert.
(7) (separate) for many years， the two brothers can’t recognise each other.
(8)Tommy has had his big brother (tell) stories for one hour.
(9)The children enjoyed (play) in the park all afternoon.
(10) (not know) the answer， he decided to ask the teacher for help.
2. 根据汉语意思，完成下列句子
(1)有一条又窄又长的小路通向那个村庄。
There’s a narrow long path .
(2)了解基本的急救技巧会帮助你迅速应对紧急情况。
will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
(3)他花费了他能够利用的每一分钟练习英语口语。
He spent every minute he could use .
(4)他把全部的时间和精力都投入到进行这项研究中。
He devoted all of his time and energy to .
(5)看到老师走进教室，学生们立刻安静了下来。
，
the students immediately became quiet.
(6)她通过每天练习钢琴提高了自己的音乐技能。
She improved her music skills by .
Ⅲ. 完形填空
Emergency on the Mountain
Ana was a 12－year-old girl living in the mountain. Her 1 was to become a village nurse like Leta， her neighbour. She spent almost all her spare time reading a 2 book by herself.
This morning， Leta went to Santiago to 3 a short-term training class by a group of volunteer doctors for first-aiders to learn medical skills. Before she left， Ana begged Leta to take her along but Leta 4 ， saying that Ana was too 5 to learn anything important.
Ana was very 6 this morning， so she decided to wander around to refresh herself. On the hillside， she saw Rafi standing on a donkey’s bare back， some kids around him. Rafi was only 13， but he was always doing something to get 7 . “No wonder adults don’t 8 kids with anything important，” Ana said to herself. She had just turned away 9 she heard a few screams and saw Rafi fall off the donkey. Ana ran to where Rafi was lying and 10 that one of his legs bent a little sideways between the knee and the ankle and that all the other kids were frozen not knowing what to do. She 11 what the first-aid book said about broken legs.
“Vin！” Ana called to one of the boys.
“Go and get Rafi’s mama and find someone with a truck，” she turned 12 the other kids. “Give me your shirts. We need something to tie his leg with so it doesn’t move around.”
Ana found a strong， straight stick， which she used to 13 his leg. She carefully wrapped the boys’ shirts around his leg and the stick. When Ana was done， Rafi came back to himself. Ana gently comforted him until Rafi’s mama came over.
Behind her was a neighbour in a pickup truck. They lifted Rafi into the truck， then 14 down the dusty hillside toward the hospital.
The next day， Leta came to Ana’s home. “I heard what you did，” Leta said. “You kept your head in an emergency. That’s an important skill.” Ana’s face burned.
“Now， listen. The volunteer doctors are coming here tomorrow with vaccines. We need some extra 15 . Can you help？”
Ana didn’t hesitate. “I would love to and I’ll bring my first-aid book，” Ana said excitedly.
( )1.A. dream B. hobby
C. plan D. addiction
( )2. A. science B. first-aid
C. biology D. handcraft
( )3. A. attend B. give
C. learn D. follow
( )4. A. agreed B. promised
C. refused D. allowed
( )5. A. weak B. sensitive
C. selfish D. young
( )6. A. upset B. relieved
C. cold D. different
( )7. A. connection B. attention
C. distinction D. education
( )8. A. bother B. present
C. trust D. provide
( )9. A. when B. after
C. until D. since
( )10. A. stated B. predicted
C. explained D. noticed
( )11. A. memorised B. submitted
C. remembered D. considered
( )12. A. to B. down
C. against D. on
( )13. A. carry B. fix
C. raise D. lift
( )14. A. rode B. drove
C. walked D. marched
( )15. A. medicine B. lessons
C. offers D. hands
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
Doctors in hospital emergency rooms often see accidental poisonings. A frightened parent arrives with a child who swallowed a cleaning liquid. Or perhaps the harmful substance is a medicine. Or it might be a product meant to kill insects. These are common causes of accidental poisonings.
In cases like this， seek medical help as soon as possible. Save the container of whatever caused the poisoning. And look on the container for information about anything that stops the effects of the poison. Save anything expelled from the mouth of the victim. That way， doctors can examine it.
Millions of people know how to give abdominal thrusts (腹部按压) to save a person choking on something trapped in the throat. The American Red Cross says a rescuer should first hit the person on the back five times between the shoulder bones. If the airway is still blocked， the Red Cross suggests pushing hard five times along the victim’s abdomen. You can do these abdominal thrusts by getting directly behind a sitting or standing person.
Doctors suggest several steps if bleeding is severe. First， if possible， remove dirt from the wound and press on it with a clean cloth or piece of clothing. In the past， people were advised to stop severe bleeding with a tourniquet (止血带). But experts now say tourniquets are dangerous because they can crush (挤压) major arteries and nerves. If a wound seems infected， let the victim rest. Physical activity can spread the infection. Treat the wound with a mixture of salt and water until medical help arrives.
To learn more about first aid， ask a hospital or an organisation like the Red Cross or the Red Crescent Society for information. Training may be offered in your area.
If you know first-aid techniques， you can be calmer and more helpful in case of emergency.
( )1. If there is severe bleeding， you should .
A. cover the wound with a tourniquet
B. clean the wound and try to stop bleeding
C. treat the infected wound with salt
D. help the victim do physical activity
( )2. Where can you learn more about first aid？
A. A hospital or the Red Cross.
B. A hospital or a magazine.
C. The Red Cross or a patient.
D. The Red Crescent Society or a book.
( )3. From the passage， we can know .
A. now people still use a tourniquet to stop bleeding
B. the container of poison is not helpful to doctors
C. rest can do good to an infected wound
D. abdominal thrusts are for the unconscious
( )4. What’s the best title for the text？
A. The Importance of Knowing First-aid Techniques
B. How to Deal with Different Emergency
C. Different Cases in Hospital Emergency
D. Different Practical Techniques of Some First Aid
夯基培优练(三)
(Using Language)
Ⅰ. 语境检测
1. He had attempted to rescue the (drown) man.
2. Press firmly on the wound to stop the (bleed).
3. Guests (panic) and screamed when the bomb exploded.
4. I managed to work for two hours without (interrupt).
5. They sat in a corner， away from other (dine).
6. From a (practice) point of view， it isn’t a good place to live.
7. The police are working hard to identify the v of the robbery.
8. Doctors were fighting a d battle to save the little girl’s life.
9. He was (choke) on a piece of toast， his face turning red as he struggled to breathe.
Ⅱ. 短语填空
help sb to one’s feet force out
with the help of stand by
remove…from… face up
be desperate for keep…calm
1. If you are allergic to a food or a drink， you can it your diet.
2. The mother tried to the baby in every possible way.
3. He was of the company because of his unreasonable behaviour.
4. Peter me when I most needed help. I’ll always appreciate that.
5. They argued with him， but he could not to reality.
6. She spoke with us an interpreter.
7. He offered to the old man and accompanied him to the safe area.
8. Having suffered from the war for long， they peace.
Ⅲ. 核心词汇
1. ★desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的desperation n.绝望；拼命 desperately adv.绝望地；极度地
【归纳拓展】
be desperate for sth极度渴望……
be desperate to do sth迫切想要做某事
in desperation在绝望中；拼命地
a desperate attempt孤注一掷的尝试
a desperate situation绝望的处境
feel desperate感到绝望
【即学即练】
(1)她迫切想要逃离这个困境。
She escape from this difficult situation.
(2)在绝望中，他决定孤注一掷。
， he decided to make a last attempt.
(3)这是一个绝望的处境，我们需要尽快找到解决办法。
This is ， and we need to find a solution as soon as possible.
(4)为了孩子们有饭吃，他拼命找工作。
He to provide food for his children.
2. ★justify vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由 justification n.正当理由；辩护justifiable adj.有理由的；可辩护的
【归纳拓展】
justify sth/doing sth
证明某事/做某事是正当/合理的
justify oneself 为自己辩护
be justified in doing sth做某事是有理由的
justification for sth正当理由
a justifiable decision合理的决定
【即学即练】
(1)她的成功证明了老师对她的信任是正确的。
Her success had her teachers had put in her.
(2)你能证明花费这么多钱是合理的吗？
Can you so much money？
(3)她为自己在会议上的行为辩护。
She her behaviour at the meeting.
(4)你有理由对这件事感到生气。
You angry about this matter.
(5)对我来说，动物园存在的唯一正当理由是其教育作用。
To me a zoo is educational.
Ⅳ. 重要句型
原句：He was now holding his throat with his face turning red， while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back.
点睛：with his face turning red为“with＋名词＋分词”结构，表示伴随状态或动作。这种结构常用于描述某个动作发生时的背景或伴随情况，强调同时性。slap sb on the back表示 “拍某人的背”。在英语中，表示“打、抓、摸某人身体的某个部位”时，通常用“动词＋sb＋介词＋the＋身体部位”结构。
【即学即练】
1. 老师拍拍我的肩膀，说我考得不错。
The teacher and said I did a good job in the examination.
2. 男孩牵着老人的手穿过了马路。
The boy and crossed the street.
3. 那人抓住了小偷的胳膊。
The man .
4. 妈妈吻了女儿的双颊。
The mother .
5. 球打在了他的胸口上。
The ball .
6. 一个男人进来了，他的双手被绑在背后。
In came a man .
7. 他躺在那儿，眼望天空，陷入了沉思。
He lay there ， lost in deep thought.
8. 所有灯都亮起来了，广场看起来比往日漂亮多了。
The square looks more beautiful than ever .
9. 全班同学都盯着他，他感到更不自在了。
He felt more uneasy .
10. 随着这个问题的解决，所有的学生都活跃起来了。
， all the students came to life.
Ⅴ. 阅读理解
It was unusually quiet in the emergency room on 25 December. I didn’t think there would be any patients， sighing about having to work on Christmas. Just then five bodies showed up at my desk， a pale woman and four small children.
“Are you all sick？” I asked doubtfully.
“Yes，” she said weakly and lowered her head.
But when it came to descriptions of their presenting problems， things got a little vague. Two of the children had headaches， but the headaches weren’t accompanied by the normal body language of holding the head or trying to keep it still. Two children had earaches， but only one could tell me which ear was affected. The mother complained of a cough but seemed to work to produce it.
Something was wrong， but I didn’t say anything but explained that it might be a little while before a doctor saw her. She responded， “Take your time； it’s warm here.”
On a hunch (直觉)， I checked the chart after the admitting clerk had finished registering the family. No address—they were homeless. The waiting room was warm.
I looked out at the family huddled by the Christmas tree. The littlest one was pointing at the television and saying something loudly and excitedly to her mother. The oldest one was looking at an ornament on the Christmas tree.
I went back to the nurses’ station and mentioned we had a homeless family in the waiting room. The nurses， complaining about working on Christmas， turned to compassion for a family just trying to get warm on Christmas. The team went into action， much as we do when there’s a medical emergency. But this one was a Christmas emergency.
We were all offered a free meal in the hospital cafeteria on Christmas Day， so we claimed that meal and prepared a banquet for our Christmas guests. As seriously as we met the physical needs of the patients that came to us that day， our team worked to meet the needs， and exceed the expectations， of a family who just wanted to be warm on Christmas Day. Later， as the family walked to the door to leave， the four-year-old came running back， gave me a hug and whispered， “Thanks for being our angels today.”
( )1. What did the author learn from the family’s descriptions of presenting problems？
A. Two of the children had headaches.
B. One of the children had earaches.
C. The mother pretended to be coughing.
D. The whole family were seriously ill.
( )2. The author made sure that the family were homeless by .
A. asking them some questions
B. listening to their introduction
C. observing their facial expressions
D. checking their registration information
( )3. After knowing about the homeless family， the nurses .
A. gave them a medical treatment
B. provided them with a big dinner
C. prepared a Christmas tree for them
D. held a big Christmas party for them
( )4. What can be the best title for the text？
A. An Unusual Christmas Emergency
B. Warm-hearted and Beautiful Nurse Angels
C. Having Christmas Together with a Poor Family
D. Receiving Special Christmas Guests in the Waiting Room
Ⅵ. 阅读七选五
Last week when I was reading at home， my younger sister rushed in and told me an old man was lying on the ground in front of our building. I immediately took my first-aid kit and ran downstairs. He was suffering a slight heart attack. So I performed CPR on him. Luckily， an ambulance came soon and he was taken to hospital. Later that day I was told by the hospital what I did helped rescue the old man’s life. I was happy to hear that. 1 There were many people who wanted to help around the old man then. Yet no one performed first aid on him as they hadn’t attended a first-aid course.
2 Here are my reasons. You can gain the knowledge， skills and confidence to act in an emergency. You never know when you might need them—you could be at home， at work， at school or on holiday. If you have the skills， you can act whenever you’re needed.
3 For your family， your neighbours or the broader community， having more people with first-aid skills helps build a stronger and more harmonious community.
You can stay safe at work. 4 With first-aid knowledge you can create a safe work environment and help meet your workplace’s safety requirements.
It’s helpful to your future career. The first-hand experience you gain through learning first aid and using your skills could help you decide if you want to pursue a career in the health profession. 5
A. Yet at the same time I felt a bit sad. B. I received a phone call from the hospital. C. You can be a resource for your community. D. Illness and injury can happen anywhere， anytime. E. You can take first-aid courses in your community for free. F. I think everyone should learn at least some basic first-aid techniques， which can be very vital. G. It also shows your commitment to a career in the health profession when it comes to applying for jobs.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5. 夯基培优练(四)
(Writing & Assessing Your Progress)
Ⅰ. 完形填空
I was working as a lifeguard at Tower 15 on Newport Beach and two blocks to my right was another guard named Mike， working at Tower 17. He called me over the phone and said， “Hey， I have 1 two kids who are swimming in the dangerous zone. I have to give them a warning. Keep an eye on us.” I said， “Sure.” In case of 2 ， anytime we got out of our tower， we were supposed to 3 somebody else.
Mike hung up the phone and seized the lifebuoy (救生圈). Then he realised that these two kids had been 4 and that there was a great tendency for them to be swallowed by the wave. Thus， Mike rushed toward the ocean. I 5 the water and all I found were two small heads. The mother of the two kids knelt down on the beach with 6 .
When I dropped my binoculars and reached the mother， Mike was in waist-deep water， 7 the two kids. I turned to the mum and said， “Hey， it’s OK. They are safe.” I saw the terror started to 8 . Then she glanced back and got her first good look at Mike. A new kind of 9 washed over her face as though there was another threat to her kids’ lives. She snatched (抢) her kids without 10 .
Mike had some seemingly 11 behaviour， and his shaved head showed a scar. Maybe he had no 12 manners， but his lifesaving ability made up for his unsatisfactory skills in PR (public relation). In the mother’s 13 ， Mike was a really terrible guy. However， that couldn’t change the fact that he had just 14 her kids.
Mike just glanced at me and smiled. As I jogged back to my tower， I promised myself I’d never let my own 15 prevent me from recognising a hero when I meet one.
( )1. A. saved B. spotted
C. arrested D. scolded
( )2. A. emergencies B. disasters
C. statements D. punishments
( )3. A. assist B. inform
C. confirm D. consider
( )4. A. struggling B. laughing
C. quarreling D. trembling
( )5. A. explored B. noticed
C. reached D. scanned
( )6. A. noises B. screams
C. beliefs D. gestures
( )7. A. hiding B. counting
C. beating D. carrying
( )8. A. fade away B. split up
C. break down D. come around
( )9. A. surprise B. regret
C. panic D. doubt
( )10. A. purpose B. appreciation
C. expectation D. discrimination
( )11. A. stubborn B. abnormal
C. mysterious D. disturbing
( )12. A. elegant B. positive
C. unpleasant D. aggressive
( )13. A. judgement B. experience
C. description D. application
( )14. A. comforted B. rescued
C. condemned D. frightened
( )15. A. decision B. request
C. prejudice D. commitment
Ⅱ. 阅读理解
The rescue of an Austrian skier who was found alive after being buried by an avalanche (雪崩) is being called a “miracle”. Police in Upper Styria—the mountainous and forested region in Southern Austria—said they were alerted on Christmas Day that a 26－year-old skier had not returned from the slopes. The man who alerted police said he had managed to get through to the skier’s mobile phone but heard only “cracking noises” on the line.
A rescue team was able to trace the skier beneath more than three feet of snow using an electric avalanche victim’s transceiver (无线电收发两用机)， which skiers are required to wear in avalanche-prone areas. They found the man was on a slope of Mount Pleschnitzzinken， in the northwestern area of Upper Styria. “You can’t move under a blanket of snow like this，” Stefan Schrock of the Styria mountain rescue service told Austrian public broadcaster ORF. “The man was extremely lucky that he had a big enough air pocket under the blanket of snow， so he had oxygen too and was able to breathe.”
The man was found about two hours after authorities were first alerted. However， the avalanche hit the region three hours before that when the man was buried in the snow. A rescue team and local police dogs dug the man out of the snow and he was taken down the valley suffering from hypothermia (体温过低). He was otherwise unharmed.
An avalanche also swept across a marked ski trail near the Swiss town of Andermatt on Thursday， injuring two people. Four others were either rescued themselves from the snow unhurt. Police and rescuers searched the snowslide after witnesses said more people might be buried， but the operation ended with police saying there were no more victims. The avalanche occurred mid-morning while many holiday skiers enjoyed mountain sunshine the day after Christmas.
( )1. Why did the man alert the police？
A. He found two people injured.
B. A 26－year-old skier got lost.
C. He heard only terrible noises.
D. Many people got lost on the slope.
( )2. How could the skier survive？
A. Only the dog helped him.
B. He had an electronic transceiver.
C. A blanket of snow helped him.
D. He had a big enough air pocket.
( )3. How long was the man trapped in the snow？
A. For about two hours.
B. For about three hours.
C. For about five hours.
D. For about a week.
( )4. What’s the best title for the passage？
A. A Terrible Avalanche
B. A Christmas Miracle
C. An Exciting Rescue
D. A Christmas Ski
Ⅲ. 书面表达
对他人实施急救的故事
文体感知
导读：实施急救的故事属于记叙文。这类故事一般按照时间顺序来写，写作时要注意条理清晰、详略得当，重点描写急救的过程和最终结果。
【素材】
生活中常有意外发生。假设你和你的同学李明去水房打开水，在回寝室的路上，李明的热水瓶突然破裂，开水烫伤了他的脚。于是你对他实施了必要的急救。请你结合此事，写一篇短文，向学校英文报 Teens 投稿，内容包括：
1. 描述事件发生的经过；
2. 你是如何实施急救的(冷水冲洗、送医院做进一步的处理)；
3. 简要谈谈你对掌握基本急救知识的重要性的认识。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【审题谋篇】
体裁
话题
时态
人称
【词汇】
1. 在我们回来的路上
2. 造成重伤
3. 附近的水龙头
4. 红肿
5. 基本的急救知识
6. 起作用
【句式】
1. 完成句子
(1)我和李明走在去水房打完开水回来的路上。
Li Ming and I were after we from the water room.
(2)李明的热水瓶破裂了，开水使他的脚严重受伤。
Li Ming’s thermos burst and the boiled water to his feet.
(3)烫伤非常严重，他的皮肤又红又肿。
The burn was very severe， and his skin was
.
(4)我把他背到附近的水龙头前，把他的脚放在冷自来水下(冲洗)，直到疼痛减轻。
I carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under until the pain .
(5)我叫了一辆出租车，赶紧把他送到医院。
I called a taxi and the hospital.
(6)他在医院接受进一步的治疗。
He in the hospital.
2. 句式升级
(1)用“介词＋现在分词”结构作状语和when引导的时间状语从句连接第1小题中的句(1)和句(2)。
(2)用“so…that…”结构升级第1小题中的句(3)。
(3)用where 引导的定语从句连接第1小题中的句(5)和句(6)。
【妙笔成篇】
核心素养提升
(单元复习)
Ⅰ. 词汇类记
1. adj.＋－ity→n.
minor→ n.少数； 少数人；少数民族
major→ n.大部分；大多数
electric→ n.电；电能
equal→ n.平等；均等；相等
real→ n.现实；实际情况；事实
personal→ n.性格；个性
2. v.＋－(l)ent→adj.
urge→ adj.紧急的；急迫的；迫切的
depend→ adj.依靠的；依赖的
consist→ adj.一致的；始终如一的
excel→ adj.优秀的
differ→ adj.不同的
3. adj.＋－cy→n.
urgent→ n.紧迫；急迫；急事；紧要
accurate→ n.准确(性)；精确(程度)
efficient→ n.效率；功效
private→ n.隐私
frequent→ n.频率
fluent→ n.流利；流畅
4. v.＋－or→n.
operate→ n.电话接线员；操作员；经营者
educate→ n.教育工作者；教育家
invent→ n.发明者；发明家
visit→ n.来访者；参观者
conduct→ n.指挥；列车长；(火车)检票员
inspect→ n.检查员；视察员
direct→ n.主任；导演
instruct→ n.教练；导师；(大学)讲师
collect→ n.收集者；收藏家
translate→ n.译员；译者；翻译家
5. v.＋－ing→n.
bleed→ n.流血；失血
meet→ n.会议；集会
paint→ n.绘画
run→ n.跑步
swim→ n.游泳
end→ n.结束；终结
begin→ n.开始
6. n.＋－al→adj.
practice→ adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的
technique→ adj.技术的
motion→ adj.运动的；动态的
globe→ adj.全球的；地球的
agriculture→ adj.农业的
culture→ adj.文化的
centre→ adj.中心的
man→ adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
tradition→ adj.传统的
7. adj.＋－(i)fy→vt.
just→ vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由
pure→ vt.净化
simple→ vt.简化
solid→ vt.(使)凝固；变得稳固；巩固
electric→ vt.使电气化；使通电；使带电
8. out of＋n.→介词短语
out of shape
out of breath
【out of＋n.短语拓展】
out of balance
out of date
out of control
out of order
out of danger
out of place
out of trouble
out of reach
Ⅱ. 语境检测
1. At the beginning of a speech， it’s very important to g the audience’s attention and make them interested in what you have to say.
2. Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged (tight) together.
3. I worked together with Mum to help the old man his feet.
4. It was (fog) when the accident happened.
5. The lecture is believed to be meaningful and (practice).
6. It is a bad habit to delay (go) to bed late at night.
7. She has stuck to physical training for several years without (interrupt).
8. The workers used traditional t to make the bricks into walls， roofs and corridors.
9. Roses will not root in such (酸性的) soil.
10. Woolen (织物) shrinks in the wash.
11. The (地毯) added an air of elegance to the room.
12. The frog darted out its tongue to catch a (蚊子).
13. In the past， a n like a small sword could be used for letting liquid out of body parts which had swollen up.
14. How do you want your (牛排) to be done， Sir？
15. I ran out of the tent immediately. But unfortunately， the tent (collapse) with Steve inside.
16. Now I am writing to apply for the m of the English tutorial.
17. Animals will have more space and better living conditions in the s .
18. Scientists now can observe the m of stars through astronomical telescope far away.
Ⅲ. 语段串记
1. 昨天我遇到了一位患者，他遭遇了触电事故。他只是受了点轻伤，但他的双手上还是有很多小水疱，左臂也肿起来了。
Yesterday I met a ， who suffered from an . He had injury， but there were still many on both of his hands. His left arm was also .
2. 皮肤是人体的重要器官， 它能让我们感受到触觉。它很容易受到太阳光线和辐射的伤害。
Skin is an important of the human body， which can give us . It is easy to be hurt by and .
3. 如果有人被烧伤，你应该用流动的凉水清洗烧伤部位，这样可以减轻疼痛。然后你应该用一块宽松、干净的布把受伤部位包起来。如果情况危急，你可以带他去看医生。
If someone ， you should clean the burnt area with cool running water， which can . Then you should it with a and clean cloth. If the situation is ， you can take him to see a doctor.
4. 一位老人在积雪覆盖的路上滑倒了。他的脚踝受伤了，而且他的左手在流血。就在那时，一个年轻的小伙子跑过来帮他包扎了伤口，并且叫了救护车。
An man on the snow-covered path. His got injured and his left hand was . At that time， a young ran to help him the wound and called the .
5. 当这位年轻的母亲看到她的儿子因误吞一个小玻璃球而窒息时，她惊慌失措。她尖叫着，感到绝望，因为她不知道如何进行急救。幸运的是，她的丈夫知道一些实用的急救知识。
The young mother when she saw that her son was after a small glass ball by mistake. She and felt because she didn’t know how to give first aid. Fortunately， her husband knew some knowledge about first aid.
6. 所有的医生和护士都在为人民的福祉工作。当紧急情况发生时，他们总是立马奔赴前线，这展现了他们的责任感和奉献精神。
All doctors and nurses work for the of the people. They will always run to the front for ， which their sense of responsibility and devotion.
Ⅳ. 语法精练
1. Alien said that his trip was (interest).
2. We can’t understand him to postpone (make) a decision until it is too late.
3. You shouldn’t leave the old man (wait) for so long； it was so cold outside.
4. Some people’s greatest pleasure is (fish).
5. You didn’t hear us come back last night. That’s good. We tried (keep) quiet.
6. Though he failed， he tried (do) it again and again.
7. You can keep the book until you have finished (read).
8. Excuse me for (come) in without (ask).
9. People couldn’t help (laugh) at the foolish girl.
10. (follow) the guide， they started to climb.
11. His parents were killed in the accident， (leave) him an orphan.
12. (eat) too much， he couldn’t go to sleep.
13. (show) around the school， we were then taken to see the library.
14. Do you know the man (stand) at the gate？
15. The students ran out of the room， (shout) loudly.
16. The meeting (hold) now is very important.
17. Two days later， I received a letter (offer) me the job.
18. The heavy rain kept us (wait) for two hours.
19. We found the baby (sleep) on the floor.
