Period 2 Using language
复习情态动词
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(1)(教材P82)Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, and of the many things that could go wrong. 数百万人坐在黑白电视机前观看首次登月，激动得心都跳到嗓子眼儿了，因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰巨而又危险的任务，许多方面都有可能出现问题。
(2)(教材P83)With the eyes of students across the nation upon her, she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.
当全国学生的目光都聚集在她身上时，她或许能激发他们成为全新一代宇航员和太空科学家的理想。
(3)(教材P84) “I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school，” said one student. 一个学生回忆道：“我非常清楚地记得那天，我在学校通过电视观看发射场景。”
(4)(译林必修一 U4) I warned her that skipping meals was unhealthy, but she wouldn't listen.
我提醒过她，不吃饭是不健康的，但她不听。
(5)(人教必修三 U5) Shall I put it in a box
我要把它装进盒子里吗？
(6)(译林必修一 U1) As a senior high school student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and problem-solving skills.
作为一名高中生，你们必须努力提高沟通技巧和解决问题的能力。
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情态动词表示说话人的语气、情绪和态度。情态动词没有实义动词的各种变化，有的情态动词(如can、may、will、have to等)有过去式，如句(1)(2)(4)，有的情态动词没有人称和时态的变化，如句(6)。在意义上，大多数情态动词有多个意义，如can可以表示能力[如句(3)]、可能、许可等；shall可以用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中，表示说话者征求对方的意见[如句(5)]，用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示说话者的命令、警告、威胁、允诺、决心等。在用法上，情态动词与助动词一样，其后须接动词原形，构成谓语。
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一、can和could的用法
1．表示能力，意为“能、会”；could是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。
2．can可用于肯定句中，表示客观或理论上的可能性，意为“有时会”。
3．表示请求或许可。在疑问句中，could可以代替can，语气更加委婉，肯定回答时要用can，不用could。
4．表示说话者的主观推测，意为“可能”，用于否定句和疑问句中。can比could语气强。
5．用于固定习语中：can't...too/enough意为“无论……也不过分、越……越好”；can't but do sth.意为“不得不做某事、只好做某事”；can't help doing sth.意为“禁不住做某事”。
二、may和might的用法
1．表示请求或许可。在疑问句中，might可以代替may，语气更加委婉。给予许可时用may，不用might。
2．表示推测，意为“或许、可能”，通常用于肯定句和否定句中。might比may语气弱。
3．表示祝愿，常用结构为：May＋主语＋动词原形！
4．用于固定短语中：may/might as well＋动词原形，意为“不妨、还是……为好”；may/might well＋动词原形，意为“很可能……”。
三、must和have to的用法
1．意为“必须、一定要”。must强调说话人的主观看法，have to则强调客观需要；must没有人称和时态的变化，而have to 有人称和时态的变化。在回答带有must的问句时，否定式常用need not (needn't)或don't have to。
2．must用来表示推测，意为“一定是”，只能用在肯定句中。
3．must意为“偏要、非要……不可”，常用于疑问句和条件句中，偶尔也用于陈述句中。
4．mustn't表示禁止，意为“不可以、不允许”；not have to意为“不必”。
四、shall的用法
1．用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中，表示说话者征求对方的意见。
2．用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示说话者的命令、警告、威胁、允诺、决心等。
3．用于条约、规定、法令、法律等文件中，表示义务规定，意为“必须”。
五、should和ought to的用法
1．should和ought to均表示责任、义务、劝告、建议等，意为“应该”。
2．should和ought to均表示推测，指合乎理想的情况或结果，意为“按说应该”。
3．should表示出乎意料、惊讶的口气，意为“竟然、居然”。
六、need和dare的用法
1．need既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。needn't意为“不必”；对need引出的一般疑问句，作肯定回答时用must而不用need，作否定回答时用needn't。
2．dare既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作情态动词时，意为“敢、敢于”，后跟动词原形，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。
七、will和would的用法
1．与各种人称连用，用于陈述句中，表示主语的意志、意愿或决心。will指现在，would指过去。
2．表示征求意见或提出请求，多用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中。would比will语气委婉。
3．表示习惯性动作、固有属性或必然趋势，意为“总是、习惯于”。will指现在，would指过去。
八、“情态动词＋have done”的用法
情态动词＋have done 含义
must have done 过去一定做过某事(肯定句)
can/could have done 本来能够做但却未做(肯定句)
可能做过……吗？(疑问句)
不可能做过……(否定句)
may/might have done 可能做过……(肯定句)
可能没有做过……(否定句)
本来可能……(而实际上没发生，表示责备或惋惜)
should have done 本来应该做(而实际上未做)
shouldn't have done 本来不应该做(而实际上做了)
needn't have done 本不必要做(而实际上做了)
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选词填空/完成句子
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)Animals can(can/need) express their needs using a lot of ways.
(2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must(may/must) be confirmed in advance.
(3)(2024·全国甲卷)Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may(may/shall) help to regulate weight.
(4)(2024·全国甲卷)What is moderation (适度) Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should(would/should) feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full.
(5)(2023·全国乙卷)Indoor plants might(must/might) look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.
(6)考生必须待在座位上，等所有的试卷收好后方可离去。
Candidates shall__remain__in__their__seats until all the papers have been collected.
(7)我喜欢周末，因为周六和周日我不用早起。
I love the weekend, because I needn't__get__up__early on Saturdays and Sundays.
(8)我们队本应赢得这场比赛，但我们的主力队员在上半场比赛中受伤了。
Our team should__have__won__the__game,__but our main player got injured in the first half of the match.
(9)史密斯先生不可能去了北京，因为我刚才还在图书馆看见他了。
Mr. Smith can't__have__gone__to__Beijing,__for I saw him in the library just now.
(10)你本不必乘出租车来这里的，因为这里离你家很近。
You needn't__have__taken__a__taxi here, for it is very near to your house.
Ⅰ.用适当的情态动词填空
1.We will do whatever we can to help the poor family get through their tough time.
2．It was really annoying; I could not get access to the data bank you had recommended.
3．The traffic is heavy these days.I might/may arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place
4．I should have handed in my homework yesterday, but unfortunately I forgot about it totally.
5．Will/Would/Can/May/Could you please send me a message when you see him
6．According to the school rules, no child shall be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents.
7．If you leave within 15 minutes, you can/may park your car at the roadside temporarily.
8．—I've prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.
—Do you mean we need not bring anything with us
9．Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He must have caught a cold last night.
10．—Boss, we need to talk about it now!
—I'm busy. If you must talk about it with me, please wait till I finish my work at hand.
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1．我们昨晚本应该打扫屋子的，但我们却去听音乐会了。
We should__have__cleaned the house last night, but we went to the concert instead.
2．如果您能在方便的时候尽早给我回信，我将不胜感激。
I'd appreciate it if you__could__reply__to__my__letter at your earliest convenience.
3．今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨衣。
It may/might__rain this afternoon. You'd better take a raincoat with you.
4．尽管教练一再鼓励，这个小男孩还是不敢跳进游泳池。
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维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．The football team, composed(compose) of 22 players and three coaches, was faced with a big challenge.
2．Some villages in that area don't have a well, so people have to walk a mile to__fetch (fetch) water with containers.
3．A straightforward talk is better than a flowery speech，so just tell them straightforwardly that you want them to leave now.(straightforward)
4．After the telescope was invented, the mankind's power to investigate stars invisible(visible) to the naked eye changed dramatically.
5．You should be aware of when the final date for the submission of proposals is and submit yours before the deadline.(submit)
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1．What you see in the virtual world is often different from what you experience in reality.
2．Students who are engaged in their work are energized by four goals—success, curiosity, originality, and satisfying relationships.
3．Man will suffer many disappointments in his quest for truth.
4．The old man always sits by the window alone，looking back to/on the happy old days.
5．There's no easy answer to the problem and we just have to work out the best way of dealing with it.
维度三 完成句子/句型转换/一句多译
1．(人教必修二 U3)你越有礼貌，你被攻击的可能性就越小。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)
The__more__polite you are, the__less__likely it is you will be attacked.
2．Jack found it so difficult to work out the problem that he decided to ask Tom for advice.
→So__difficult__did__Jack__find__it__to__work__out__the__problem__that__he__decided__to__ask__Tom__for__advice.(倒装句)
3．人们认为京剧是在1790年四个著名的安徽剧团来到北京之后逐渐形成的。
(1)Beijing__Opera__is__believed__to__gradually__come__into__being after 1790, when the four famous Anhui Opera troupes came to Beijing.
(2)It__is__believed__that__Beijing__Opera__gradually__came__into__being after 1790, when the four famous Anhui Opera troupes came to Beijing.
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Developing ideas】
The night sky has been an endless source of fascination since the start of human history. For example, the mysterious large-eyed, bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom, discovered at the Chinese archeological site at Sanxingdui, were believed to have been able to look across great distances into the stars. In reality, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. 1.________ Not knowing what the stars were, people in ancient times used their imaginations to create a world in the sky.
2．________ This increased as it did the power of the human eye and enabled us to understand that the universe is far larger than was previously imaginable. The planets were seen to be worlds similar to our own, many of them even having their own moons. 3.________ Some 300 years later, we learnt that the Milky Way itself was just one galaxy among billions of others, spread across the blackness of space like great islands of light and matter floating in a vast cosmic ocean.
Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope was invented, the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit. 4.________ Nothing in history has allowed us to see so much over such great distances, from enormous clouds of gas where stars are being born, to huge black holes, and even to new planets where we might conceivably find life. Besides that, it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe. 5.________
A.And, for a long while, people were unable to understand what they could see.
B.This gave all of us the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.
C.Soon, it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way.
D.It even has helped us to discover the incredible fact that the universe is expanding at an ever-increasing speed.
E．But at that time, people did not realize that they couldn't see much of that and understand much of the universe.
F．Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky.
G.With the development of our technology, human beings could see further than before and understand more about the universe.
答案：1～5.AFCBD
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自译林选必三U2】
Why we explore
In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system and would even dare to travel beyond it. This is clearly not the case. The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money. Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth. Why do we continue to explore space, then
It is in our nature to explore. From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places. We long to visit thick and wild forests, climb vast mountain ranges, and cross deep oceans. We desire to explore the furthest frontier of all—space. As Stephen Hawking once said, “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Try to make sense of what you see and wonder about what makes the universe exist. Be curious.” That we are fascinated by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world, such as that of Chang'e. While space exploration is a reality, we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe. With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.
The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe, such as planets, stars, and all other forms of matter and energy. Exploring space helps address fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar system. It is through our research into space that we have confirmed that the Earth is round and that it orbits the Sun. As we learn more about the universe, we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets.
1．What does the underlined word “address” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Avoid. B.Ignore.
C．Tackle. D．Forget.
2．What did we confirm through space research
A．The Moon is round.
B．The Earth does not shine.
C．The Earth is round and orbits the Sun.
D．The Sun orbits the Earth.
3．What's the main idea of paragraph 3
A.The results of space investigations are important.
B.Planets and stars are part of the universe.
C．We have confirmed the Earth is round.
D．We may find life on other planets.
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．Space exploration is only for entertainment.
B.We will definitely find life on other planets soon.
C.Space exploration will continue to have value in the future.
D．There is no need to explore space any more.
答案：1～4.CCAC
Ⅰ.阅读理解
NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has taken its first image of a planet outside our solar system. The exoplanet (系外行星) in Webb's image, called HIP 65426 b, is a large planet about 6 to 12 times the mass of the planet Jupiter.
“This is a historic moment, not only for Webb but also for astronomy generally，” said Sasha Hinkley, associate professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom. Astronomers discovered HIP 65426 b in 2017 using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope in Chile. It is a young exoplanet around 15 to 20 million years old compared to our 4.5-billion-year-old Earth.
According to NASA, taking direct images of exoplanets presents a challenge because stars are much brighter than their surrounding planets—HIP 65426 b is more than 10，000 times fainter than its host star in the near-infrared, and a few thousand times fainter in the mid-infrared.
Webb has a Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) and Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI)，which are both equipped with coronagraphs (日冕仪).“ It was really impressive how well the Webb coronagraphs worked to suppress the light of the host star，” Hinkley said. Since HIP 65426 b is around 100 times further away from its host star than Earth is from the Sun, it's sufficiently distant from the star that Webb can easily separate it from the star in the image.
Although this is not the first direct image of an exoplanet taken from space, as the Hubble Space Telescope has taken direct exoplanet images previously, the image points the way to future observations that will disclose more information about exoplanets. “I think what's most exciting is that we've only just begun，” said Aarynn Carter, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of California.“There are many more images of exoplanets to come that will shape our overall understanding of their physics, chemistry, and formation. We may even discover previously unknown planets, too.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜首次拍摄到了一颗太阳系外行星的直接图像以及该图像对于研究未知系外行星的意义。
1．What can we learn about HIP 65426 b
A．It was first observed in Chile.
B．It is about the size of Jupiter.
C．It is a planet of the solar system.
D．It has a longer history than Earth.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Astronomers discovered HIP 65426 b in 2017...in Chile.”可知，天文学家2017年在智利使用欧洲南方天文台的甚大望远镜首次发现了HIP 65426 b。
2．Why is it hard to take direct images of HIP 65426 b
A．It's very close to its host star.
B．Infrared cameras can't spot it.
C．It's surrounded by other planets.
D．The light of its host star is too strong.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可推知，很难拍摄 HIP 65426 b的直接图像的原因是它的宿主恒星的光线太强了。
3．What does the underlined word “suppress” in paragraph 4 mean
A．Strengthen. B.Block.
C．Identify. D．Adjust.
B 解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知， HIP 65426 b因其宿主恒星太亮导致无法对它直接拍摄；又根据第四段中的“Webb has a．..equipped with coronagraphs.”及“Webb can easily separate it from the star in the image”可知，韦布空间望远镜的近红外相机和中红外仪器都配备了日冕仪，最终成功拍摄到了HIP 65426 b的图像。由此可推知，应是日冕仪挡住了HIP 65426 b的宿主恒星的光线，画线词的含义应为“挡住”。
4．What does Aarynn Carter say about taking the image of HIP 65426 b
A．It provides details of the exoplanet.
B．It helps understand the solar system better.
C．It is useful in exploring other exoplanets.
D．It is the first time an image of exoplanets has been taken.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中亚伦·卡特所说的话可推知，亚伦·卡特认为拍摄HIP 65426 b的图像有助于探索其他系外行星。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·泰州高二检测)I get up in the dark hours of the morning for three reasons only: to attend ANZAC Day service, to __1__ a cheap flight, or to witness an astronomical event. It was the last of the three that pushed me to set my __2__ for 3 a．m. on May 8 this year.
I was __3__ at my best friend's place in the Blue Mountains, west of Sydney.That morning it was so cold. I got out of bed before I had time to change my __4__．I grabbed a jacket and headed outside, pausing at the corner of the cottage to __5__．The Milky Way was blazing (闪耀) in a cloud-free sky and within seconds a shooting star __6__ across my field of view.Then I woke up my friend and __7__ her it would be worth her while. She had not been as __8__ as me.Only one minute later I saw the next shooting star. I __9__， “There！” “Where？” “Over there！” I said, __10__ as though it could help. “There's another！” She was __11__ to get excited.The rewards were coming from all __12__ now. We observed some ten more stars within minutes, most __13__ before one of us could draw the other's attention.
An hour and a half—and several dozens of shooting stars—later, my friend and I were cold and __14__ we had seen enough. __15__ at what had felt like our own private show, we held our arms tightly and headed back to the cottage.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和好朋友凌晨起来观看流星的奇特体验的故事。
1．A.order B．pilot
C．catch D．cancel
C 解析：根据下文a cheap flight可推知，赶(catch)便宜的航班是作者早起的原因之一。
2．A.rule B．alarm
C．standard D．destination
B 解析：根据句中set my ______ for 3 a．m.并结合语境可知，作者把闹钟(alarm)设置在凌晨3点。
3．A.staying B．celebrating
C．exercising D．shopping
A 解析：根据下文at my best friend's place和I got out of bed可知，作者住(stay)在朋友家。
4．A.mind B．clothes
C．place D．habit
A 解析：根据下文“I grabbed a jacket and headed outside”可知，作者趁自己还未改变主意，起了床。change one's mind为固定短语，意为“改变主意”。
5．A.check out B．get along
C．take off D．look up
D 解析：根据下文“The Milky Way was blazing in a cloud-free sky”可知，作者在小屋的角落里抬头看(look up)天空的景象。
6．A.walked B．sped
C．came D．stepped
B 解析：根据上文a shooting star并结合常识可推知，流星是快速(speed)划过。
7．A.warned B．owned
C．promised D．requested
C 解析：根据上文“I woke up my friend”及下文“it would be worth her while”可知，朋友并不像作者那么热衷(keen)于这件事情，作者向朋友承诺(promise)这是值得做的事情，朋友才起来看流星。
8．A.keen B．tired
C．cold D．certain
A 解析：参见上题解析。
9．A.apologized B．shouted
C．scolded D．praised
B 解析：根据“There！”可知，作者看到了流星，非常激动，大声叫喊(shout)。
10．A.crying B．shaking
C．pointing D．running
C 解析：根据上文“Over there！”并结合语境可推知，作者给朋友指出(point)流星的位置。
11．A.hesitating B．attempting
C．longing D．starting
D 解析：根据上文“She had not been as ______as me.”及下文to get excited可推知，在真正看到流星后她开始(start)激动起来。
12．A.fields B．corners
C．cottages D．directions
D 解析：根据下文“We observed some ten more stars”并结合常识可推知，天空中的流星来自各个方向(direction)。
13．A.disappearing B．burning
C．falling D．freezing
A 解析：根据上文some ten more stars within minutes并结合常识可知，很多流星在很短的时间出现，在“我们”还没来得及引起对方的注意之前就消失(disappear)了。
14．A.predicted B．figured
C．doubted D．advised
B 解析：根据上文“my friend and I were cold”和下文“we had seen enough”可推知，作者和朋友认为(figure)已经看够了。
15．A.Disappointed B．Shocked
C．Amazed D．Scared
C 解析：根据下文our own private show可推知，作者将其视为私人表演，感到惊叹(amazed)不已。INCLUDEPICTURE "英WYXZXBX4Unit6LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "英WYXZXBX4Unit6LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
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Period 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas
INCLUDEPICTURE "语基默写温馨提示LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "语基默写温馨提示LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 《教材助读＋语基默写》见分册本
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1．unexceptional A．to give a loud, high cry, because you are hurt, frightened, excited, etc.
2．shadow B．not very new or exciting
3．scream C．all the people working on a ship, plane, etc.
4．suspend D．the strong (usually bad) influence of sb./sth.
5．crew E．to officially stop sth. for a time
答案：1～5.BDAEC
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Activity 1 Reading for Genre and Structure
1．Genre：________
A.Exposition (说明文).
B.Narration (记叙文).
C.Argumentation (议论文).
答案：B
2．Structure and Clues：
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答案：(1)Moon landing (2)take-off/launch
(3)explosion (4)resumption (5)significance
Activity 2 Reading for Main Idea
What does the passage mainly talk about
It mainly talks about the__loss__of__the__Challenger,__a__tragedy,__which__inspires__people__to__continue__to__explore__space．
Activity 3 Reading for Details
1．Read Part 1 and answer the following questions.
(1)What do we know about the first lunar landing
A.It was a great success.
B.It took off in Kennedy Space Center.
C.People were not excited about it.
D.People were accustomed to the idea of space travel.
答案：A
(2)What was the mood when people saw the first lunar landing on 20 July 1969
A.Nervous. B．Calm.
C.Sad. D．Grateful.
答案：A
2．Read Part 2 and answer the following questions.
(1)Why was McAuliffe's space flight special
A.She's going to give a speech.
B.She was the first civilian to go into space.
C.She was a space scientist.
D.She's brave enough to go into space.
答案：B
(2)What does the word “demonstrate” mean
A.Discuss. B．Show.
C.Operate. D．Prove.
答案：B
3．Read Part 3 and answer the following questions.
(1)What did people think of space programme before the disaster of the Challenger
A.Arduous. B．Fairly safe.
C.Hazardous. D．Very easy.
答案：B
(2)What effect did the Challenger's explosion have on the people at that time
A.It cast a shadow on their hearts.
B.They didn't care about it.
C.They felt disappointed.
D.They were lost in sorrow.
答案：A
(3)What did the student mean by saying “We didn't have much patience waiting for the launch.”？
A.It meant that they were afraid something would happen.
B.It meant that they were patient when watching the take-off.
C.It meant that they were eager to watch the take-off.
D.It meant that they didn't expect the shuttle would explode.
答案：C
(4)What can be inferred from the Challenger's failure
A.People no longer dare to try space flight.
B.People prefer to travel by air.
C.Space flight has certain risk.
D.No more civilians will go into space.
答案：C
4．Read Part 4 and answer the following question.
What was followed after the disaster of the Challenger
A.The government stopped space shuttle flights completely.
B.The government refused to investigate the cause of the disaster.
C.The space shuttle programme never stopped.
D.More young students were inspired to devote themselves to space exploration.
答案：C
5．Read Part 5 and answer the following questions.
(1)What's the purpose of the author by listing some famous astronauts
To__tell__us__although__the__crew__of__the__Challenger__lost__their__lives,__they__still__played__important__roles__in__space__exploration__just__like__those__famous__astronauts__listed__in__this__part.
(2)What does the Challenger's sacrifice remind us of
A.Man will live on the stars.
B.Space exploration is too far away from us.
C.The lives of astronauts are too important.
D.Man will continue to explore space.
答案：D
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Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, the notion of space travel 1.has__become(become) unexceptional to the public.When the Challenger space shuttle took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts 2.involved(involve).But this was going to be no ordinary excursion, and millions of people witnessed its take-off on TV.It was special 3.because/as Christa McAuliffe aged 37, an ordinary teacher and mother, was about to become the first civilian in space.She hoped 4.to__rekindle(rekindle) interest in the space programme and communicate 5.a sense of excitement by giving two 15-minute lessons from orbit.
However, 6.tragically(tragic), the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off and all seven astronauts on board were killed.It was the 7.most__disastrous(disastrous) space accident ever, and the world went into shock.Following the Challenger disaster, space shuttle flights 8.were__suspended(suspend) for nearly three years.But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue.In 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger.The memory of those seven will live forever, inspiring us to join them 9.in humanity's greatest journey of discovery and 10.exploration(explore).
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1．Why do you think people continue to explore space despite some risks
_________________________________________________________
2．If you have a chance one day, would you like to go into space
_________________________________________________________
答案：Open answers.
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "自查语基知能落实LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "自查语基知能落实LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5( [学生用书P133]))
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．notion n. A．航天飞机
2．hazardous adj. B．瞬间地
3．shuttle n. C．概念；观点；看法
4．excursion n. D．悲惨地，不幸地
5．rekindle v. E．危险的，不安全的
6．tragically adv. F．(有特定目的的)短途出行
7．instantaneously adv. G．重新激起，重新唤起
答案：1～5.CEAFG 6～7.DB
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．cast a shadow on people's hearts
给人们的心灵蒙上阴影
2．scream with fear 吓得尖叫
3．crew members 全体机组人员
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．unexceptional adj.平常的→(反义词)exceptional adj.杰出的，优秀的；特别的→exception n．例外；例外的事物→except prep.除……之外→exceptionally adv.罕见，特别；例外地
2．suspend v．暂停，中止→suspension n．暂令停职(停学、停赛等)；暂缓，延迟
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．It was after working with him for one year that I became__accustomed__to(习惯于) his odd accent.
2．They always put themselves in danger, so I always have my__heart__in__my__mouth(提心吊胆) when I am with them.
3．The plane took__off(起飞) on time despite the heavy rain, demonstrating the efficiency and reliability of the airport's operations.
4．I always tune__in(收听) to international channels in order to keep up with current global events.
5．The parents' quarrel cast__a__shadow__on(给……蒙上阴影) the minds of their children and left them feeling anxious and insecure.
6．The new era calls__to(召唤) us, saying that we should strive to achieve more and do better.
7．If you reach__for__the__stars(志向远大) and work very hard, you will ultimately achieve better results.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
A.根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．介词＋宾语从句
Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, aware__of__how__arduous__and__hazardous__an__undertaking__it__was(明白这是一项多么艰巨而又危险的任务), and of the many things that could go wrong.(Para.1)
[分析] 此句中第二个that引导定语从句。
2．不定式的完成式
When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed to__have__lost__its__wonder__at(已经对……不再感到惊奇) the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.(Para.2)
[分析] 此句中还含有when引导的时间状语从句。
3．“no＋形容词比较级＋than”意为“和……一样不……”
The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no__more__dangerous__than(和……一样不危险) travelling in an aeroplane.(Para.3)
[分析] 此句中还含有独立主格结构，在句中作状语；that引导宾语从句。
4．“there is/was never any doubt that...” ＝“there is/was no doubt that...”意为“毫无疑问……”
But there__was__never__any__doubt__that(毫无疑问)manned flights would continue, and on 29 September 1988, the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.(Para.5)
5．no matter how引导让步状语从句
The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us, reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars, no__matter__how__distant__they__might__seem(不管它们看起来多么遥不可及).(Para.6)
[分析] 此句中还含有现在分词短语作状语。
B.根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文
1．There__is__never__any__doubt__that/There__is__no__doubt__that(毫无疑问) exploring the mysteries of the universe is of great significance. We are all 2.aware__of__how__important__it__is__to__explore__the__universe(明白探索宇宙是多么重要). 3.No__matter__how__difficult__it__is(无论它多么困难), we will keep trying. We have realised that 4.humans__are__no__more__intelligent__than__other__creatures(人类并不比其他生物更聪明) in some aspects. To have a better understanding, we'd better explore more. Fortunately, we seem 5.to__have__made__great__progress__in__exploring__the__universe(在探索宇宙方面已取得了巨大的进步).
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "创意课堂点面突破LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "创意课堂点面突破LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5( [学生用书P134]))
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【层级一 高频词汇诠释】
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become accustomed to 习惯于(做)某事
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①(教材P82)Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel.
自1969年7月20日尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登月以来，人们已经习惯于太空旅行这一概念。
②(经典例句)He has become accustomed to dealing with rejection and keeps trying despite setbacks.
他已经习惯了面对拒绝，即使在挫折面前也坚持不懈。
(1)accustomed adj. 习惯的；通常的，惯常的
be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.＝be/get/become used to (doing) sth.
习惯于(做)某事
(2)accustom v. 使适应，使习惯
accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.
使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
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单句语法填空/词汇/句式升级
(1)Teenagers should be banned from smoking, because once their bodies become accustomed to nicotine, they will be addicted to it.
背诵点 应用文写作之建议信
(2)For those accustomed(accustom) to a comfortable life, the change to remote areas must have been very hard indeed.
(3)The old man is used to living in the countryside, and he always finds it hard to live in the city.
→Accustomed__to__living__in__the__countryside,__the old man always finds it hard to live in the city.(形容词短语作状语)
→Accustoming__himself__to__living__in__the__countryside,__the old man always finds it hard to live in the city.(现在分词短语作状语)
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take off 脱下；移去；起飞；休假；(事业)腾飞；突然开始成功
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①(译林选必一 U1)The concept took off, and today Guangzhou's restaurants stimulate customers' appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last.
这个观念开始流行起来，如今广州的各家餐馆用上千种点心刺激食客们的胃口，一道比一道更精致、更美味。
②(经典例句)I'll be on vacation next week, so John will take over my responsibilities while I'm away. 我下周要去度假，所以约翰会在我离开期间接管我的工作。
take up 占据(时间、空间等)；开始从事
take down 记下；拆卸
take in 吸收；接待；欺骗；理解
take on 承担；呈现；雇用
take over 接管，接任；接收
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单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子
(1)After taking over the firm from his father，Tom took in some scientific ideas and took on some experienced and hard-working workers，which suggested that his firm would soon take off．
(2)Please take__down__my__phone__number(记下我的电话号码) so that you can contact me later if needed.
(3)作为大学生，我们应该承担起思考全球问题和我们周围的生活的责任。(聚焦社会热点)
As university students, we should take__on__the__responsibility__to__think__about__the__global__issues and the life around us.
背诵点 应用文写作之演讲稿
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shadow n.坏影响，阴影；影子；阴凉处
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①(教材P83)It was the most disastrous space accident ever, and it cast a shadow on people's hearts. 这是有史以来最惨烈的航天事故，它给人们的心灵蒙上了阴影。
②(译林必修一 U4)If you have friends who are good-looking or have a great fashion sense, it can feel like you are living in their shadow.
如果你有长得很好看或拥有良好的时尚感的朋友，你就会觉得自己生活在他们的阴影下。
in the shadows 在阴影中；在暗处
in/under the shadow of sb./sth.
在某人的光环(或盛名)之下；在某事(物)的阴影下
cast/throw a shadow/shadows on/over...
在……上投下阴影；给……蒙上阴影
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完成句子
(1)多年来，这位年轻艺术家一直在他著名父亲的光环下工作，努力寻找自己独特的风格。
For many years, the young artist worked in/under__the__shadow__of his famous father, struggling to find his own unique style.
(2)随着岁月的流逝，那场可怕的事故在他内心留下的阴影消逝了。一切都回归正常。
As the years passed, the__shadow__that__the__terrible__accident__had__cast__on__his__mind faded away. Everything returned to normal.
背诵点 读后续写之心理描写
【层级二 中频词汇积累】
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unexceptional adj.平常的
(1)exceptional adj. 杰出的，优秀的；特别的
(2)exception n. 例外；例外的事物
without exception 无一例外
(3)exceptionally adv. 罕见，特别；例外地
(4)except prep. 除……之外
[微练]——单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)(人教选必二 U3) In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong's elegant dim sum—small servings of food in bamboo steamers—to the exceptional (exception) stewed noodles in Henan.
(2)(北师大选必二 U5)Helen Keller was an exceptionally(exception) special girl. By the time she was seven years old，she still couldn't speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her.
(3)All students without__exception(无一例外) must participate in the extracurricular activities organized by the school.
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suspend v.暂停，中止；推迟；悬，挂
(1)suspend...from... 将……悬挂/吊在……上
suspend sb.from sth. 使某人暂时停职或停学等
(2)suspension n. 暂令停职(停学、停赛等)；
暂缓，延迟
[微练]——单句语法填空/补全句子
(1)(人教选必四 U1)Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended (suspend) from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder.
(2)A strike by British Airways ground staff has led to the suspension(suspend) of flights between London and Manchester.
(3)Julie was__suspended__from__her__job(被暂令停职了) due to her repeated violations (违反) of the company's policies.
【层级三 低频词汇拾遗】
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scream v.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
①(译林选必二 U1) I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking.
我正要洗澡，这时听到人们尖叫和狗吠。
②(北师大选必二 U4) The bleeding man next to him was looking at his watch nervously；a woman was coughing and sneezing badly；and a baby was screaming.
旁边流血的男人紧张地看着手表；一个女人使劲地咳嗽和打喷嚏；还有个婴儿在哭闹。
背诵点 读后续写之场景描写
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crew n.(飞机上的)全体机组人员；全体船员
①(译林选必三 U2) During our leisure time, there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by, taking pictures for our family and friends back home.
闲暇时间里，我们最喜欢做的事情就是和其他工作人员舒服地坐在一起，看着我们这个非凡的星球从身边经过，拍点照片给地球上的家人和朋友看。
②(译林选必三 U3)On 12 October, the crew spotted land in the distance. Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies.
10月12日，船员们发现远处有陆地。哥伦布称岛上的土著人为印第安人，因为他确信自己在东印度群岛。
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不定式的完成式
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①(教材P82)When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved. 当“挑战者号”航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，全世界似乎已经对参与其中的宇航员所获得的惊人成就不再感到惊奇。
②(译林必修二 U2)Zhang Sanfeng, a 13th-century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.
据说是在13世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中获得灵感，发明了太极拳。
(1)不定式的完成式为to have done，表示不定式所发生的动作在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前；
(2)不定式的一般式为to do，表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生或动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之后；
(3)不定式的进行式为to be doing，表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行。
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to__take(take) Chinese folk music as an elective course.
(2)Hearing his mother's footsteps approaching his room, he quickly turned off the computer and pretended to__be__sleeping(sleep) when his mother entered his room.
背诵点 读后续写之动作描写
(3)罗丝在比赛之前一点儿也不紧张。她似乎已经做好了充分的准备。
Rose showed no anxiety before the competition. She seemed to__have__prepared__for it pretty well.
背诵点 读后续写之心理描写
eq \o(\s\up7( INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课堂微练即时检验LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT ),\s\do5( [学生用书P137]))
Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1.set__foot__on__the__Moon 登月
2．go__wrong 出现问题；发生故障
3．rekindle__interest__in... 重新激起/唤起对……的兴趣
4．one__giant__leap 一个巨大的飞跃
5．succeed__each__other 彼此接连出现
6．lose__one's__wonder 失去好奇
7．go__into__shock 陷入震惊
8．communicate__a__sense__of__excitement 传达激动之情
9．take__one's__place 得到应有的社会地位，占有一席之地
10．an__amazing__achievement 一项惊人的成就
11．wave__to/at__sb. 向某人挥手致意
12．a__cloud__of... 一团……
13．cut...short 打断……，中断……
14．investigate__the__cause__of...
调查……的原因
15．manned__flights 载人飞行
16．in__mid-air 在半空中
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．He stood quietly in the middle of the room and the light from the candle threw his shadow(影子) on the walls.
2．Since he moved to the countryside, Michael has lived a(n) unexceptional(平常的) and leisure life.
3．To our disappointment, the match had just begun when it rained cats and dogs, and then the match was suspended(暂停).
4．The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather added to the helplessness of the crew(全体人员) at sea.
5．If your pets do something you disagree with, don't physically hurt them or scream(尖叫) at them.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1．Tom moved toward the strange sounds with his__heart__in__his__mouth(提心吊胆).
2．No man has ever set__foot__on(踏上) that desert island, which seems mysterious and hazardous.
3．That misunderstanding cast__a__shadow__on (给……蒙上阴影) their friendship, which made Tom very upset.
4．We always tune__in (收听) to the nightly news program at ten o'clock.
5．Once the old man become__accustomed__to(习惯于) one thing, he is often not willing to change.
6．To confirm when the flight would take__off(起飞), I made three calls to the airport.Period 4 Writing
INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 写作一 应用文写作——太空生活日志
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假定你是李华，你曾经有机会在太空生活过，请写一篇太空生活日志，叙述一下你在太空飞船上生活的经历。内容如下：
1.太空生活的日常活动；
2.你的感受。
注意：词数80左右。
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1.我曾经有机会在太空生活过，这虽然困难但很有趣。
I once had__a__chance__to__live__in__space,__and it was difficult but fun.
2．因为没有重力，在太空中你会四处漂浮。
In space you would float around because there__is__no__gravity．
3．晚上，我进入了一个小柜子，然后钻进睡袋里睡觉。
At night, I went into a small cupboard and then got__into__a__sleeping__bag__to__sleep．
4．在太空中，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉会变得疏松。
Astronauts' bones and muscles can become__weak in space.
5．为了保持健康，我需要定期锻炼。
In__order__to__stay__fit,__I had to exercise on__a__regular__basis．
6．虽然在太空中生活很不舒服，但是我很感激有这样的机会。
Although I was living an uncomfortable life in space, I appreciated__having__the__chance．
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7．【读教材原句】 (教材P51)Zhang therefore decided to return to her home town and grow roses, which surprised many people.
【记句式】 which引导非限制性定语从句
【学仿写】 用which引导非限制性定语从句改写句1
I__once__had__a__chance__to__live__in__space,__which__was__difficult__but__fun.
8．【读教材原句】 (教材P11)When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.
【记句式】 状语从句的省略
【学仿写】 用状语从句的省略改写句6
Although__living__an__uncomfortable__life__in__space,__I__appreciated__having__the__chance.
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_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
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One possible version：
I once had a chance to live in space, which was difficult but fun. Here are some everyday things I experienced.
In space you would float around because there is no gravity. At night, I went into a small cupboard and then got into a sleeping bag to sleep. What's more, astronauts' bones and muscles can become weak in space. In order to stay fit, I had to exercise on a regular basis.
Although living an uncomfortable life in space, I appreciated having the chance. I wish I would have more chances to experience life in space.
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假如现在是2050年，你们学校组织了一次去火星的旅行。在火星上你们到处参观，邀请外星人(alien)一起聚会……总之，你们玩得很愉快。 请根据以上材料，写一篇日志，描述一下你的火星之旅。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
One possible version：
It is the year of 2050.Our school organized a great trip to Mars a few days ago.We went to Mars by a space shuttle.
On Mars we visited everywhere, and found a lot of things different from our earth.After that, we invited many aliens to our party which was held in our space shuttle.They danced and sang together with us.Their songs were so awesome that all of us screamed.
We all had a good time on Mars.The trip was very interesting and I hope to travel to Mars again soon.
INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "写作LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 写作二 读后续写强效篇——男孩对奶奶真诚的道歉让彼此重建联系
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在读后续写中，高分的句型往往包含多种高级语法结构。因此倒装、虚拟语气和从句的使用，往往能够令人眼前一亮。
一、倒装
倒装是英语中一个重要的语法项目。在一定语境下，可以用来强调特定句子成分。
灵活应用倒装会增加句式的多样性，使文章表达更加丰富、生动、有力，成为写作中的增分亮点。
完成句子
1．我震惊得睁大眼睛，待在当场。(“so＋adj.”置于句首引起部分倒装)
So__shocked__was__I that I froze at the spot with my eyes wide open.
2．直到那只兔子完全消失在我们的视线之外，我们才不追了。(not until置于句首引起部分倒装)
Not__until__the__rabbit__got__completely__out__of__sight did we stop chasing after it.
3．现在轮到玛丽(Mary)做一个简短的演讲。(now置于句首引起完全倒装)
Now__comes__Mary's__turn to make a short speech.
4．站在前门的是简(Jane)的丈夫，他找不到她时，非常焦急。(介词短语置于句首引起完全倒装)
At__the__front__door__stood__Jane's__husband who suffered great anxiety when she was nowhere to be found.
5．这就是“有志者事竟成”这个真理。(such作表语置于句首引起完全倒装)
Such__is__the__truth that “Where there is a will, there is a way”．
二、虚拟语气
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示，主要用来表示假设，常用来表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等含义，可以用来表达比较强烈的感情。
完成句子
1．要不是你的教导，我不会有这么大的进步。(but for 引起的虚拟)
But for your instruction, I would__not__have__made such great progress.
2．要是没有埃里克的鼓励，我不可能克服困难。(without引起的虚拟)
Without Eric's encouragement, I wouldn't__have__overcome the difficulties.
3．他无法想象如果杰克(Jack)不来救他，会发生什么。(if 条件状语从句引起的虚拟)
He couldn't imagine what would have happened if__Jack__hadn't__come__to__his__rescue．
4．“要是我当初听取了妈妈的建议该多好！”小女孩低声对自己说。(if only 引起的虚拟)
“If__only__I__had__listened__to__my__mother's__advice！” the little girl whispered to herself.
5．苏珊的伙伴们都在到处跑着，玩得很开心，可她却独自坐在草坪上，希望自己此刻在家里。(wish引起的虚拟)
Susan's companions were running about enjoying themselves，but she sat alone on the grass, wishing__she__were__at__home__this__moment．
三、从句
在读后续写中常用的从句类型包括名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句等。这些从句在写作中能够丰富表达，增强文章的逻辑性和地道性。
完成句子
1．就像其他老人一样，我祖父喜欢谈论过去的美好时光。(as引导定语从句)
As__is__often__the__case with old people, my grandfather is fond of talking about good old days.
2．直到河时的鱼全死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。(until引导时间状语从句)
The villagers didn't realize how serious the pollution was until__all__the__fish__died__in__the__river．
3．我接受了父亲的建议，要成为一名医生，虽然我对这样的前途毫无把握。(that引导同位语从句)
I accepted my father's suggestion that__I__should__become__a__doctor,__though I was not sure the prospect at all.
4．让我们珍惜大自然的美丽，努力与环境和谐相处，因为它是我们的家园和遗产。(for引导原因状语从句)
Let's cherish the beauty of nature and strive to live in harmony with the environment, for__it__is__our__home__and__our__heritage．
5．从这次难忘的经历中，我意识到这种随意的善举对我有很大的影响。如果可能的话，我总是向别人伸出援手。(that引导宾语从句)
From the unforgettable experience, I have realized that__this__random__act__of__kindness__has__a__great__influence__on__me. If possible，I always give a helping hand to other people.
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阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[1]Avoiding people in a small town requires the skills of a spy. So Brad Ryan moved like a ghost, taking precautions to stay far away from the woman who he thought had broken his heart. He had not seen or spoken to Grandma Joy for six years.
[2]One day, he received a call from his mom, saying his elder sister had announced her engagement and a wedding date had been set for a Duncan Falls church. Brad's heart sank, because Grandma Joy would be there. But he loved his sister, and if he had missed the wedding, he would have been in regret.
[3]Despite Joy Ryan's first name, there were lots of sufferings and regrets instead of joy in her life. She grew up in a home with no electricity, running water or plumbing. She attended a one-room schoolhouse. And she suffered the loss of two sons. She was a widow (寡妇) for 14 years. She lived a small life that stopped at the edge of the county line. Never had she had the chance to see what she called the great outdoors other than a trip to see relatives in Louisiana.
[4]“My earliest memory of her is when I was 3，” said Brad. “We'd walk to Blue Rock State Park, which is close to her house. She'd help me lift rocks in the creek (小溪) to find crawfish. We'd hold them in our hands and talk about how beautiful it was being in nature. No one in my family thought like that.”
[5]However, as Brad entered adolescence, he was growing emotionally distant from his family, with occasional quarrels. One day, a violent conflict broke out between Brad and his father. Brad turned to his grandma, hoping for help or just a kind word. But he got neither. He found Grandma Joy by his father's side. “That was the end of my relationship with Grandma Joy，” he said.
[6]At the wedding venue, on seeing Grandma Joy, thin and gaunt (憔悴的), Brad found himself thinking a lot about her and the happy time they spent together. It puzzled him why that memory in particular stayed with him. Now Grandma, 78, walked unsteadily into the Duncan Falls church.
注意：续写词数应为150 左右。
Brad hesitantly walked over to her._________________________________________________________
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After that day, Brad decided not to leave any regrets in his grandma's life._________________________________________________________
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【Settings背景】
When &Where [2]One__day,__he received a call from his mom, saying his elder sister had announced her engagement and a wedding date had been set for a Duncan__Falls__church．
【Characters角色】
Who Brad__Ryan,__Grandma Joy, Brad's father
【Plots情节】
What [2]One day, he received a__call from his mom.[3]Despite Joy Ryan's first name, there were lots of sufferings__and__regrets instead of joy in her life. [4]“My earliest memory of her is when__I__was__3，” said Brad. [5]One day, a__violent__conflict__broke__out between Brad and his father.[5]He found Grandma Joy by__his__father's__side．[6]Now Grandma, 78, walked__unsteadily__into the Duncan Falls church.
Why [1]He had not seen__or__spoken__to__Grandma__Joy__for six years.
【Feelings情感】
How [1]So Brad Ryan moved like a ghost, taking precautions to stay far away from the woman who he thought had__broken__his__heart．[2]Brad's heart sank．[5]That was the__end__of__my__relationship with Grandma Joy.[6]Brad found himself thinking a lot about her and the__happy__time they spent together. It puzzled him why that memory in particular stayed with him.
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Theme (正能量原则) Brad hadn't seen__or__spoken__to__Grandma for six years. On seeing Grandma again, he apologized__to__her. During their travel, they became closer and closer, leaving no regret for each other.
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每段三个微情节(Q & A策略)：注重衔接和冲突解决原则
第一段段首句：Brad hesitantly walked over to her.
[Question 1] What did Brad do
[Answer] He__apologized__to__Grandma.
[Question 2] What was Grandma's reaction
[Answer] She__was__moved,__saying__she__should__have__given__Brad__more__patience__and__understanding.
[Question 3] How did they spend the rest of the day
[Answer] They__took__seats__next__to__each__other,__spending__a__happy__time__together.__
第二段段首句：After that day, Brad decided not to leave any regrets in his grandma's life.
[Question 1] What did Brad decide to do
[Answer] He__decided__to__spare__more__time__to__accompany__Grandma,__taking__her__on__trips.
[Question 2] What did they do during the trip
[Answer] They__enjoyed__the__beautiful__scenery__and__shared__sorrows__and__joys.
[Question 3] What lesson did Brad learn
[Answer] If__he__hadn't__reached__out__to__his__grandma,__it__would__be__a__lifelong__regret.
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遣词造句：倒装、虚拟语气和从句重点练
语言协同原则：应用高级词汇、句型和语法结构
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1．But he loved his sister, and if he had missed the wedding, he would have been in regret.(虚拟语气)
2．Never had she had the chance to see what she called the great outdoors other than a trip to see relatives in Louisiana.(部分倒装)
3．We'd hold them in our hands and talk about how beautiful it was being in nature.(宾语从句)
4．However, as Brad entered adolescence, he was growing emotionally distant from his family, with occasional quarrels. (状语从句)
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1．奶奶极为感动，说她本应该给布拉德更多的耐心和理解。
Grandma was overwhelmingly moved, saying that she__should__have__given__Brad__more__patience__and__understanding．(虚拟语气)
2．对于布拉德来说，他意识到如果他没有联系他的奶奶，那将是他一生的遗憾。
For Brad, he realized if__he__hadn't__reached__out__to__his__grandma,__it would__be__a__lifelong__regret．(虚拟语气)
3．婚礼开始时，他们手牵着手，挨着坐在一起。
As__the__wedding__ceremony__began,__they took seats next to each other, hand in hand. (状语从句)
4．他们不仅是旅行伙伴，还是亲密的朋友。
Not__only__were__they__traveling__partners,__but they were also close friends. (部分倒装)
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1．震惊但很高兴，奶奶正要说些什么，却被布拉德打断了：“奶奶，我欠你一个道歉。”
Stunned__but__delighted,__Grandma was about to say something when she was interrupted by Brad, “Grandma, I owe you an apology.”(形容词作状语)
2．他们带着理解的微笑看着对方，眼里闪烁着幸福的泪光。
They looked at each other with understanding smiles, their__eyes__glittering__with__tears__of__happiness．(独立主格结构)
3．他开始抽出更多的时间陪伴奶奶，带她去旅行，欣赏世界上令人印象最深刻的风景。
He began to spare more time to accompany Grandma, taking__her__on__trips__to__enjoy__the__most__impressive__scenery__in__the__world．(v.-ing形式作状语)
4．远离邓肯福尔斯的旅行改变了奶奶和布拉德本人的生活。
Traveling__far__from Duncan Falls was life-changing for Grandma as well as Brad himself.(v.-ing形式作主语)
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Brad hesitantly walked over to her.____________________________
_________________________________________________________
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After that day, Brad decided not to leave any regrets in his grandma's life._________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Brad hesitantly walked over to her. He gave Grandma his arm to help her walk steadily. Stunned but delighted, Grandma was about to say something when she was interrupted by Brad, “Grandma, I owe you an apology.” Grandma was overwhelmingly moved, saying that she should have given Brad more patience and understanding. That was a great regret for her in those years. They looked at each other with understanding smiles, their eyes glittering with tears of happiness. As the wedding ceremony began, they took seats next to each other, hand in hand.
After that day, Brad decided not to leave any regrets in his grandma's life. He began to spare more time to accompany Grandma, taking her on trips to enjoy the most impressive scenery in the world. During the trips, Brad and Grandma shared their life stories, sorrows and joys. Traveling far from Duncan Falls was life-changing for Grandma as well as Brad himself. Not only were they traveling partners, but they were also close friends. For Grandma Joy, her life was eventually full of joys. For Brad, he realized if he hadn't reached out to his grandma, it would be a lifelong regret.单元过关检测(六)
(时间：120分钟，满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．At the woman's home.
B．In a clothing shop.
C．In a shoe shop.
2．What does the man think of the weather
A.Annoying. B．Beneficial. C．Worrying.
3．At what time will the two speakers meet
A．5：20. B．5：10. C．4：40.
4．Why does the woman want to finish the tests early
A．To go back to work early.
B．To have breakfast early.
C．To get her test results early.
5．What does the man mean
A．He has been out of a job.
B．He dislikes his present job.
C．He refuses the job offered.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In the subway.
B．On the phone.
C．At the station.
7．How will the woman get to her appointment
A．By subway and on foot.
B．By car.
C．By bus.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Where are the speakers
A．In the car.
B．In the yard.
C．In the bedroom.
9．What is the man's advice
A．Searching as a group.
B．Taking a short break.
C．Traveling yesterday's steps.
10．What will the man do next
A．Call Amy.
B．Do the laundry.
C．Check the washing machine.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In an office.
B．At home.
C．In a coffee shop.
12．What is the man doing
A．Sending messages while talking.
B．Having coffee while checking messages.
C.Talking on the phone while having coffee.
13．How does the woman feel about the man
A．Satisfied.
B．Worried.
C．Annoyed.
14．What does the woman think the biggest disadvantage of having a mobile phone is
A．Ignoring the real world.
B．Losing touch with friends.
C．Multitasking all the time.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15．Where are the speakers
A．At Angelia's home.
B．In a restaurant.
C．At Joe's home.
16．What will Angelia do this Saturday
A．Go to Joe's party.
B．Do some housework.
C．Call Joe to tell him her decision.
17．Who will Angelia go with this Friday
A．Her mother.
B．Her friend.
C．Her cousin.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．Where does the speaker's sister live
A．In Denver.
B．In Chicago.
C．In San Francisco.
19．How many days will the speaker stay in New York
A．Two. B．Three. C．Seven.
20．Which city is among the speaker's visit
A．Boston.
B．San Francisco.
C．Washington，D.C.
答案：1～5.ABBAA 6～10.BABAC
11～15.CACAA 16～20.BCABC
听力材料
(Text 1)
M：Wow！Beautiful home you have here.①
W：Thanks.Let me take your coat.And would you leave your bag here
M：Oh yeah.Do I need to take off my shoes
(Text 2)
W：I'm telling you that this rainy weather is driving me crazy.I hate it.
M：I'm actually glad it's finally been raining recently.It's really good for my garden.② You should see all the beautiful flowers in my garden.
(Text 3)
M：Let's meet at twenty to five.
W：Well，could we make it at twenty past five
M：That's a bit late for me.I could manage at ten past five.③
W：OK.See you then.
(Text 4)
M：Why are you going out so early，Claudia
W：I need to do some tests without breakfast today. So I go early in order to finish early and not to miss too much time at work.④
(Text 5)
W：How are things going
M：Not that great.I'm looking for a new job actually.⑤
W：Really？That's a shame.
M：I know.I really like that job.
(Text 6)
W：What's the traffic like downtown today
M：It's pretty bad.One of the traffic lights is broken，so all the traffic is backing up.
W：Oh，how should I get to my doctor's appointment？Drive？Take a taxi
M：A taxi won't be any faster than driving.
W：Well，then，I'll probably take the subway to the station and then walk from there.⑦
M：Yeah, today I think that's the fastest way.
(Text 7)
W：I don't think I'm going to find it.I've searched everywhere in the house for my watch.It's not on the table in my bedroom where I usually leave it.I honestly can't think of where else it could be.
M：Is that why you're out here You think you left it in the yard？⑧
W：Where else could it be？I only went between the house and the car yesterday.After Amy called and told me she wasn't coming over anymore, I decided to just relax inside all day. I've checked every room.
M：OK.Well，Amy just called up and said she is coming over. How about the three of us searching together？⑨
W：That's a good idea.Three pairs of eyes are better than one.I will take a short break and think about the paths I traveled yesterday.Maybe I will remember something.
M：Good idea.While you do that, I will check the laundry.I hope it wasn't washed by accident.That would be a shame if it were ruined in the washing machine.⑩
(Text 8)
W：What are we like
M：What do you mean
W：I mean you need to look at us! We're here.We've met for coffee and a chat and we're not even talking to each other.
M：Hang on. What did you say Sorry, I didn't catch that.
W：“What did you say Sorry, I didn't catch that.” Er, maybe that's because you were not listening to me!
M：Yeah, yeah, sorry. I was just sending a message.I was multitasking！I'm with you now.
W：Yeah，but I don't think you can send messages and talk to someone in real life at the same time! That's my point. The real-life person should come first. Don't you think so
M：Yeah，but sometimes I just need to send a quick message.I don't think it's rude.In fact, I think it's rude to ignore messages，actually.
W：Yeah，I suppose so. You're right in some ways，but for me，the biggest disadvantage of having a mobile phone is that we're constantly being prevented from paying attention to what's happening in the real world！
M：Yeah, but in a good way, you can carry on what you're doing，and you can keep up with your friends at the same time.
(Text 9)
W：Hi Joe!
M：Hi Angelia!
W：Come in, please. What would you like to drink，coffee or tea
M：Just a glass of orange juice, please. Angelia，I was wondering if you would like to come to my party on Friday night.
W：Is it the day after tomorrow？I promised my mother to clean the rooms and tidy things up.
M：No，actually tomorrow is Friday.
W：Then I'm free that night，and a party sounds good.
M：Great, it'll be in my house. Do you know how to get there
W：I've been to your house once，but I'd appreciate it if you email me your detailed address.
M：Sure，no problem.Do you have anyone that you would like to bring with you to the party
W：I would really like to bring my cousin， Jake，if that would be okay.
M：Sure.The more the merrier!
(Text 10)
M：We start off in Los Angeles.We're going to stay there for three days because we want to hit the beach and see the sights. We're not going to go to San Francisco this time，because we've been there before. Then we're off to Denver to visit my sister. We're going to stay there for a week.I hope that's enough time，because I haven't seen her since last Christmas, and we have so much to talk about. We were thinking of going to Chicago after that，but we just don't have time，so it's straight on to Washington，D.C., and New York. We've got two days in Washington and three in New York. We'd really love to be in Boston for a couple of days, but it probably won't happen. Maybe next time.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Every event here features a noted scientist who discusses a different cosmic (宇宙的) topic. They will be presented with a live stream to our Science World official website and questions can be asked in the website chat.
Black Holes
7：30 PM-8：30 PM, May 19
Description: Most galaxies (星系) have a supermassive black hole at their center. These black holes help determine how galaxies will develop over time. Join Dr.Ansel Netscher for an outline of black holes. You can also explore how supermassive black holes may decide the development of galaxies.
The Webb Imagery
8：00 PM-9：30 PM, May 28
Description: The amazing visions have attracted the world. But there's a long and involved process by which scientists' black-and-white observational data is transformed into dynamic color imagery for the public. Join image specialist Ralph Wilson as he discusses the art and science of translating infrared light.
Hunt for Distant Worlds
7：00 PM-8：00 PM, Jun. 3
Description: Since the discovery of the first planet orbiting a Sun-like star in 1995, more than 4，000 exoplanets have been found. These widespread planet systems confirm that our solar system is just one of many in our Milky Way galaxy. The discovery of such systems has provided interesting insights, challenging our views about how planet systems form and develop. Join Dr. Amanda Garcia as she describes the scientific hunt for these distant worlds.
Mars and Beyond
10：00 AM-11：30 AM, Jun. 4
Description: Will we ever reach Mars And what will it take to travel to other stars Dr. Camille Lopez will meet these questions with a speech of what we can expect in the next 30 years. It's based on what is practical and reasonable when we consider the biological, economic, and philosophical concerns that connect with the engineering challenges of space habitation and exploration.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个网上关于太空探索的讲座。
21．Interested in the development of planets or star systems, you can choose ________.
①Black Holes
②The Webb Imagery
③Hunt for Distant Worlds
④Mars and Beyond
A．①④ B．②④
C．①③ D．②③
C 解析：细节理解题。根据Black Holes部分中的“These black holes help determine how galaxies will develop over time.”以及Hunt for Distant Worlds部分中的“The discovery of such systems...how planet systems form and develop.”可知，对行星或恒星系统的发展感兴趣，可以选择Black Holes和Hunt for Distant Worlds。
22．What will you learn from Mars and Beyond
A.Prospect of space travel.
B．Application of art to science.
C．The origin and future of Mars.
D．The detailed plan of space habitation.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据Mars and Beyond部分中的“Will we ever reach Mars...what we can expect in the next 30 years.”可知，我们可以从Mars and Beyond中了解到太空旅行的前景。
23．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To publicize online public lectures.
B．To compare events of studying science.
C.To stress the importance of space exploration.
D．To expand people's knowledge about universe.
A 解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，文章介绍了四个网上讲座的情况。由此可推知，文章的主要目的是宣传网上公开讲座。
B
Beatrice Finkelstein, as chief of the Food Technology Section of the Life Support Systems Laboratory at Wright Patterson Air Force Base, bore responsibility for managing the nutritional needs of the astronauts. Her work in the field of space feeding was important in developing the equipment and techniques used in early space flight. Few, if any, female contributors played as important a role as she did during the early years of the U.S. crewed space program, and she deserves to be better remembered.
Finkelstein's value to America's space tasks went well beyond her technical contributions. She was frequently described in the popular press at the time as “the Nutritionist to the Astronauts”， as well as the proprietor of “Bea's Diner”， a restaurant designed to appeal to the public as a very friendly place.
In her role as nutritionist for the early space program, Finkelstein grew to know the astronauts well, as she communicated with them frequently. At times, she would step beyond her formal role as nutritionist，providing emotional and psychological support to the astronauts. On many occasions, she was one of the last people the astronauts communicated with before launch (发射), and there's a lot of evidence that shows her friendship was a source of comfort during the stressful pre-launch activities.
The image of nutritionist Beatrice Finkelstein showed that the agencies that ensured NASA's successful space flights were staffed by smart women as well as smart men. Her role in America's success in conquering space in the technical field of space feeding served as an example of the role women could and did play in the early space program.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位特别的营养学家比阿特丽斯·芬克尔斯坦以及她为美国航空航天事业所做出的贡献。
24．Why does Beatrice Finkelstein deserve to be remembered
A.She was a really great astronaut.
B.Her astronaut team made significant achievements.
C．She bore responsibility for early space flight.
D.Her feeding work was vital in early space flight.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Her work in the field of space feeding...she deserves to be better remembered.”可知，比阿特丽斯·芬克尔斯坦在太空饮食领域的工作对于开发早期太空飞行所用的设备和技术是很重要的，因此她值得被人们铭记。
25．What does the underlined word “proprietor” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Tutor. B．Editor.
C．Owner. D．Engineer.
C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“She was frequently described...as a very friendly place.”可知，同时，她也是一家餐馆的老板。画线词 proprietor意为“所有者”。
26．What can we infer about Beatrice Finkelstein from paragraph 3
A.She was also a psychologist.
B．She relieved astronauts' pressure.
C．She communicated with astronauts after launch.
D.She cooked much nutritious food for astronauts.
B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“At times, she would step beyond her formal role...a source of comfort during the stressful pre-launch activities.”可推知，比阿特丽斯·芬克尔斯坦帮助宇航员减轻了压力。
27．What is the best title for the passage
A．One Special Nutritionist
B．A Great Space Astronaut
C．The First Woman Astronaut
D．The Most Popular Nutritionist
A 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，文章介绍了一位特别的营养学家比阿特丽斯·芬克尔斯坦及她为美国航空航天事业所做出的贡献。A项最适合作文章的标题。
C
Hearing the words, vacuum and dust, in a sentence, you may complain at the thought of having to do the housework. But in astronomy, these words have different meanings. Vacuum refers to the blank of space. Dust, however, means solid material floating through space. It can be an annoyance to some astronomers as it may cover their views of some distant things. Or dust could help other astronomers learn about something distant without having to leave our own planet. Professor Totani from the University of Tokyo's Department of Astronomy has an idea for space dust.
“I advise we study well-preserved grains from other planets for signs of life，” Totani said. “The search for life outside our solar system especially means a search for signs of communication. Or the search is for atmospheric features that might suggest life. If there are signs of life in dust grains, not only could we be certain, but we could also find out soon.”
The basic idea is that large planet strikes can force ground material into space. There is a chance to find some micro creatures that recently died or even fossilized microorganisms (微生物化石) could be contained in some rocky material in the dust. Some larger pieces might fall back down or enter orbits around a local planet or star. And some much smaller pieces, for example, grains of 1 micrometer, could not only host a specimen of a microorganism, but they could also likely escape their host solar system altogether, and under the right situations, maybe even go into ours.
“My paper explores this idea using data on the different ways of this situation，” said Totani. “The distances and time related can be huge, and both reduce the chance that any dust containing life signs from another world could even reach us. In spite of heat or radiation (辐射) that can destroy small things, I figure around 100, 000 such grains could be landing on Earth every year. Now the means to explore it already exist, so it seems like a worthwhile dream.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了太空尘埃中可能蕴藏着外星生命的迹象，解释了这一现象背后的原因。
28．What does Totani think of the dust in outer space
A．It can affect astronomers' sight.
B．It might be a danger to our planet.
C.It might include a seed from other planets.
D.It can help us learn about life on other planets.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Professor Totani from...has an idea for space dust.”和第二段中的“I advise we study well-preserved grains from other planets for signs of life”可知，托塔尼认为太空尘埃能帮助我们了解外星生命。
29．What do Totani's words in paragraph 2 mean
A.Conducting research into the well-kept grains from outer space.
B.Using known data to study space as much as possible.
C.Collecting more grains coming from solar system.
D.Exploring some ways of dusting the room.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I advise we study well-preserved grains from other planets for signs of life”可知，托塔尼建议保存好来自其他行星的颗粒，以寻找生命迹象。
30．What can we infer from paragraph 3
A．The larger rocky pieces contain signs of life.
B．New technology gives us more chances to find life.
C.The distances and time increase the chance to find life.
D．Different-sized rocky pieces have different tracks in space.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Some larger pieces might fall back down...maybe even go into ours.”可推知，不同大小的岩石碎片在太空中的轨迹是不同的。
31．What will the author probably continue with
A.The collection of space dust on Earth.
B.Specific strategies for housework dusting.
C.Other ideas of Totani to find life signs in space.
D.The hope for astronomers to be with wide interests.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In spite of heat or radiation that can destroy small things...so it seems like a worthwhile dream.”可知， 作者在下文很可能介绍地球上的太空尘埃的收集。
D
If anyone knows what makes a great children's book, it must be Sussex author and illustrator (插图画家) Jane Hissey.Her Old Bear books have achieved classic status in a variety of formats.
I met Jane at her home in the East Sussex countryside and asked her what she thought the secret of a classic children's book was.“That's a difficult one. I suppose it has got to be related to children's stage of development—for young children, pictures on a page that are familiar; for older children, an experience.The book should be familiar, but it also holds some surprises to keep children's interest.It must inspire and delight them, but there are the things that happen every day.”
After the birth of her first child, she gave up teaching and worked on her own artwork, drawing pictures of teddy bears.An editor from a publishing company saw her works and invited Jane to do a children's book.Over the years, from the first Old Bear book in 1986, her children have made a huge contribution—especially in terms of plots.She said, “I used to give my children the toys to play with—and they had tea parties and so on.One of my bear characters，‘Little Bear’， is the same age as Ralph, my youngest, who's seven now.All the children have joined in my work and, in years to come, they will realise how much.”
“I hope I'll know when people are getting tired of the characters.If ever they did, I think I'd go on drawing them for fun，” Jane continued.“My own children have been very useful to me in my work, but as they are older now, I'll just have to hope that other people's children can inspire me.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了简·希西创作儿童书的经历和对此的看法。
32．What is Jane's opinion about a successful children's book
A．It contains something unexpected.
B．It offers an escape from everyday life.
C．It's more attractive as children get older.
D．It's set in a place known to its readers.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The book should be familiar, but it also holds some surprises to keep children's interest.”可知，简认为一本成功的儿童书要包括一些惊喜。
33．Why did Jane take up writing books
A．She got to know an editor.
B．She hoped to make classic children's books.
C．Her artwork attracted a professional.
D．She wrote stories for her own children.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After the birth of her first child...invited Jane to do a children's book.”可知，简从事创作儿童书是因为她的作品吸引了一位专业人士。
34．How did Jane's children assist her in her work
A．By helping her concentrate on her work.
B．By telling her their own stories.
C．By suggesting characters for her stories.
D．By giving her ideas for her stories.
D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Over the years...especially in terms of plots.”和“All the children have joined...realise how much.”可推知，简的孩子们在她创作时给了她一些想法。
35．What is Jane's attitude towards her future work
A．Encouraged. B．Uncertain.
C．Tired. D．Disappointed.
B 解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“My own children have been very useful to me...hope that other people's children can inspire me.”可知，简的孩子已经长大，她希望其他人的孩子可以给她创作灵感，由此可推知，她对未来的工作表示不确定。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
You don't need to be an astronomer with a giant telescope to enjoy a simple but spellbinding activity: stargazing. 36.________ It's so interesting to discover what's going on.With a bit of practice, and know-how from books and websites, stargazers can spot particular stars and also groups of stars.
There is plenty to take in using just your eyes but some people use a telescope for a more detailed look.For the best results, choose a clear night when the moon is not very bright. 37.________
It can be harder to see the stars in towns and cities.It is because of light pollution.The night sky is lit up by light from street lamps, shops and car headlights.The best places for stargazing are open, hilly areas or the coast. 38.________ It is our home galaxy stretching across the night sky and is best seen in summer and fall evening skies.If the full moon is up, it will be hard to see.Try going for a night hike instead! Let your eyes adjust to the moonlight and keep your flashlight turned off.
39．________ That is camping in a national park under a star-filled sky.Many national parks offer various night sky programs, from telescope astronomy events to full moon walks with rangers.Besides, national parks are also great places to know about the animals that are awake at night and asleep during the day.Sit quietly and listen for these creatures.
When you head out at night, always go with an adult.Dress warmly and take a blanket or a chair to sit on, plus a hot drink to warm you up.You might want to take a camera with you as well, so you can take a photo if you see something amazing in the sky.A whole new world comes alive at night and is waiting to be explored. 40.________
A．Get prepared for the wonder above.
B．Just go outside at night and look up.
C．You are supposed to avoid the full moon.
D．It also matters which direction you observe.
E.In these places, you can look for the Milky Way.
F.What is the better way to experience the great wonder
G．Where do you prefer to have a stargazing trip at night
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了观星这一简单但引人入胜的活动，并就如何更好地观星给出了建议。
36．B 解析：根据上文“You don't need to be an astronomer with a giant telescope to enjoy a simple but spellbinding activity: stargazing.”可知，空处应介绍观星的简单方法。B项承接上文，符合语境。
37．C 解析：根据上文“For the best results, choose a clear night when the moon is not very bright.”可知，空处应与避开满月有关。C项承接上文，符合语境。
38．E 解析：根据上文“The best places for stargazing are open, hilly areas or the coast.”以及下文“It is our home galaxy stretching across the night sky and is best seen in summer and fall evening skies.”可知，空处应提及该地点及银河系。E项承上启下，符合语境，且“these places”代指上文提到的“open, hilly areas or the coast”。
39．F 解析：根据下文“That is camping in a national park under a star-filled sky.”可知，空处应提出问题，询问体验观星的更好方式。F项引起下文，符合语境。
40．A 解析：上文介绍为观星这一活动所做的准备，A项中prepared是关键词，A项承接上文，符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Florida man likes to shop at garage sales for old plaques (纪念匾) so he can reuse the wooden backs. Recently, he was looking through a __41__ he bought years ago when one featuring a small ball caught his eye.
The man took a moment to __42__ what was written on the plaque and quickly realized there was a __43__ stone inside the ball—a piece of moon rock brought back on the Apollo 17 mission in 1972.The plaque and rock had been a __44__ to the state of Louisiana by then-President Richard Nixon but __45__ ended up in a garage sale for the man to find years later.
“I can't even tell you how long I __46__ it for.I'm not even sure how much I paid for it.The wood in the plaque is such nice wood and that is what I __47__ it for，” the man said.The man __48__ the Louisiana governor's office, which pointed him to the Louisiana State Museum.The man hand-delivered his __49__ to the Louisiana State Museum.He didn't want to take a chance that something might happen to it during __50__. The museum's director is grateful for his generosity and __51__ for reuniting the state with this priceless object.“It is an extraordinary piece of Louisiana history，” he said.“We're __52__ to take possession of this piece and to share it with our audiences.”
After Apollo 17 landed on Earth, Nixon __53__ 379 pieces of the satellite stone to all the states as well as foreign nations.Over time, those gifts began to __54__. A 2002 search found that many were unaccounted for.To date, the fate(命运) of 171 rocks remains __55__.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名喜欢在旧货市场购买纪念匾的男子在翻阅自己的收藏时，一块以小球为主题的纪念匾引起了他的注意。他很快意识到球里有一块珍贵的石头——1972年阿波罗17号任务带回的一块月球岩石，并将此赠还路易斯安那州立博物馆的故事。
41．A.painting B．ball
C．book D．collection
D 解析：根据上文“A Florida man likes to shop at garage sales for old plaques”以及下文“he bought years ago”可知，此处为他在翻阅多年前买的一套收藏(collection)时，一块以小球为主题的纪念匾引起了他的注意。
42．A.read B．stress
C．think D．remember
A 解析：根据下文“what was written on the plaque”可知，此处为这名男子花了一点时间读(read)了匾上写的东西。
43．A.normal B．new
C．precious D．similar
C 解析：根据下文“a piece of moon rock brought back on the Apollo 17 mission in 1972”可知，此处为这名男子很快意识到球里有一块珍贵的(precious)石头。
44．A.gift B．signal
C．threat D．change
A 解析：根据下文“Over time, those gifts began to ______．”并结合上下文可知，此处为这块牌匾和岩石是当时的总统理查德·尼克松送给路易斯安那州的礼物(gift)。
45．A.sometimes B．somehow
C．instead D．never
B 解析：根据上文“The plaque and rock...but”及下文“ended up...years later.”可知，此处为不知怎么地(somehow)，它最终出现在车库拍卖中，多年后被这名男子发现。
46．A.borrowed B．returned
C．owned D．lost
C 解析：根据上文内容，尤其是“I can't even tell you how long”可知，此处为这名男子甚至不能告诉你他拥有(own)它多久了。
47．A.carry B．prepare
C．push D．buy
D 解析：根据上文“The wood in the plaque is such nice wood”可知，此处为牌匾上的木头很好，所以这名男子才买(buy)了它。
48．A.passed B．contacted
C．recognized D．trusted
B 解析：根据下文“the Louisiana governor's office”并结合语境可知，此处为这名男子联系(contact)了路易斯安那州州长办公室。
49．A.work B．find
C．receipt D．letter
B 解析：根据上文“but ________ ended up in a garage sale for the man to find years later”可知，此处为这名男子亲手将他的发现物(find)交给了路易斯安那州立博物馆。
50．A.delivery B．discovery
C．construction D．treatment
A 解析：根据上文“The man hand-delivered his ________ to the Louisiana State Museum.”可知，此处为他不想冒在运送(delivery)过程中可能发生意外的风险。
51．A.reason B．demand
C．concern D．claim
C 解析：根据上文“is grateful for his generosity and”可知，此处为博物馆馆长对他的慷慨和关心(concern)表示感谢。
52．A.likely B．free
C．embarrassed D．excited
D 解析：根据上文“The museum's director is grateful for his generosity”可知，此处为很高兴(excited)能拥有这件藏品。
53．A.threw away B．put aside
C．turned in D．handed out
D 解析：根据下文“to all the states as well as foreign nations. Over time, those gifts began to ______”可知，此处为尼克松向所有州和外国分发(hand out)了379块卫星石。
54．A.improve B．disappear
C．drop D．matter
B 解析：根据上下文语境可知，此处为随着时间的推移，那些礼物开始消失(disappear)。
55．A.unforgettable B．unacceptable
C．unknown D．undoubted
C 解析：根据上文“many were unaccounted for”可知，此处为171块卫星石的命运仍然未知(unknown)。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Throughout history, mankind have been working hard on the space 56.____________(explore) to learn more about the universe though it was thought 57.____________(possible) before the mid-20th century. However, so many scientists were determined to make the human dream to explore space realized. With the first satellite launched and orbiting around Earth successfully, Yuri became the first astronaut 58.____________(send) into space in 1961. After that, American astronaut Neil Armstrong succeeded in stepping onto the moon. Although the failure of the Challenger was 59.____________(disappoint), human beings went on with their desire to explore the universe.
60．____________(follow) Russia and America, China became the third country in the world to send humans into space 61.____________(independent) in 2003, 62.____________ Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth. Since then, China 63.____________(make) great progress in exploring space.
Exploring space has already made 64.____________ difference and has provided the world 65.____________ many different benefits. Therefore, it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people's problems.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类探索宇宙的几个具有历史意义的重大事件。
56．exploration 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处作介词on的宾语，应用名词形式。
57．impossible 解析：考查形容词。结合句意可知，太空探索这件事在20世纪中期前被认为是不可能的。impossible意为“不可能的”，在此处作主语补足语。
58．to be sent 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词。此处为“序数词＋名词＋动词不定式”结构，其中动词不定式是名词的后置定语，且astronaut和send之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动形式。
59．disappointing 解析：考查形容词。空处作表语，修饰物，应用形容词形式disappointing。
60．Following 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词。China和follow为逻辑上的主谓关系，应填现在分词形式作状语。单词位于句首，首字母需大写。
61．independently 解析：考查副词。空处应填副词修饰动词send。
62．when 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处为非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词为2003，在从句中充当时间状语，应用关系副词when。
63．has made 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，空处应用现在完成时；主语为China，助动词应用has。
64．a 解析：考查冠词。make a difference为固定短语，意为“有影响”。
65．with 解析：考查介词。provide sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“给某人提供某物”。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，正在伦敦读书。请你给你们学校的校长史密斯先生写一封信，建议学校开设天文学兴趣小组(an astronomy interest group)。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.分析原因；
3.表达期待。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Mr. Smith，
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear__Mr.__Smith，
I am Li Hua, a student in your school.Seeing that lots of students are fond of astronomy，I am now writing to put forward the suggestion that our school set up an astronomy interest group.Here are several reasons contributing to my suggestion.
For one thing, it will be a great help to the students who are so keen on astronomy.For another, it will not only inspire students with the enthusiasm to carry out some research about universe but also enrich students' school life.
I sincerely hope that you can take my suggestion into consideration.Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li__Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My Father's Son
It's hard to be an astronaut's son. I often wonder how my father ever had a son like me. I mean he's so special and so good at everything he does. But I'm just an average eleven-year-old kid.
Nowadays I dream about being a famous writer, but I used to dream about doing something spectacular to impress my father and make him proud of me—something like rescuing a child from a burning building or chasing a robber away from an old lady.
One morning, I was daydreaming about being some kind of hero when my friend Ellen reminded me of my English teacher's announcement about a Father's Day essay contest.
“I hope we have a winner right here in our English class，” she said. “There are three prizes for each of you.”
When I got home, I kissed my mom quickly. Then I went upstairs to my room and sat down with a pen and a pad of paper. I started to think about what I would write.
How did I see my father Hmm, I saw him teaching me how to use a bat and how to throw a baseball. I remembered how he hugged me for hours when my dog Spotty was hit and killed by a car. And I remembered how he sat and tried to explain death to me when Grandpa Bob died. These were the things I was going to write about my dad. To me, he wasn't just a world-famous astronaut. He was my dad.
I wrote about all these memories and put them in my essay. I handed it in the next day and was surprised to find out that the winning essays would be read in the auditorium (会堂) on Thursday night. All the parents and students were invited.
My parents and I went to school on Thursday night. One of our neighbors said, “I bet you will win the contest, David. I bet you wrote what it's like to be the son of an astronaut, and you're the only one in town who could write about that.”
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I shrugged and then the first prize winner—Ellen was announced.____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Surprised and thrilled, I went up to the stage.________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
One possible version：
I shrugged and then the first prize winner—Ellen was announced. Though deep down, I didn't want to win just because my father was an astronaut. I was relieved but disappointed at the same time at the news. When Ellen finished reading, I heard a chorus of praise and saw tears running down my parents' face. Somehow, a mixed feeling welled up in me. Will Dad feel disappointed Maybe I should have written about being the son of an astronaut. Then the second prize winner was announced. To my amazement, it was me!
Surprised and thrilled, I went up to the stage. Taking a deep breath, I started to read my essay “My Father's Son”. He is a great astronaut. But more importantly, he is a great father to me. Upon my finishing reading, thunderous applause echoed around the auditorium. When I went back to my seat, Dad put his hand on my shoulder, saying “Son, this is the proudest moment of my life”， with eyes full of tears. It was the proudest moment of my life, too. Maybe I'll never be a great hero, but it is enough just to be my father's son.INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "课后巩固多维提能LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换
1．No one wishes to deal with a person accustomed(accustom) to breaking his word in our daily life.
2．Tragically(tragic)，the Challenger space shuttle taking off on 28 January 1986 exploded in mid-air, which resulted in the loss of all seven crew members and shocked the world.
3．Having exceptional wisdom does not necessarily mean being successful. For instance，with very few exceptions,__most members of the Mensa society for people with high IQs remain unexceptional．(exception)
4．(人教选必二 U5) Chen Wei, a high school student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard someone screaming(scream) from another table.
5．The company announced a temporary suspension(suspend)of production due to supply chain issues.
维度二 固定用法和搭配
1．After many years of hard work, his business began to take off when he was in his forties.
2．Don't let appearance cast a shadow on our confidence and we should learn to accept and love who we are.
3．“Mars Day” offers many children a chance to learn more about a place that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetime.
4．Heroes are positive role models who give us confidence, motivation, and the drive to reach for the stars.
5．We always tune in to the news channel to get informed of the latest news both home and abroad.
维度三 完成句子/一句多译
1．他们正在谈论何时开始他们的假期并计划去哪里。(介词＋宾语从句)
They are__talking__about__when__they__will__start__their__vacation and where they plan to go.
2．毫无疑问，我们必须要对空气污染问题有足够的重视。
There__is__no__doubt/There__is__never__any__doubt__that enough attention must be paid to the problem of air pollution.
3．她似乎已经知道了比赛结果，因为当我告诉她她得了一等奖时，她一点也不惊讶。(不定式的完成式)
She appeared to__have__known the result of the competition as she showed no surprise at all when I told her that she had won the first prize.
4．他认为这个问题并不比那个问题难，所以他有信心能正确回答这两个问题。(no＋形容词比较级＋than)
He thinks this question is__no__more__difficult__than__that__one,__so he is confident that he can answer both correctly.
5．无论探索太空有多么困难，中国都将继续为之努力。(让步状语从句)
(1)However__difficult__it__is__to__explore__space,__China will continue to strive for it.
(2)No__matter__how__difficult__it__is__to__explore__space,__China will continue to strive for it.
Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练
【改编自Understanding ideas】
Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, people have become accustomed to the __1__ of space travel. Millions watched that first lunar __2__ on black and white television sets, their hearts in their mouths, __3__ of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was, and of the many things that could go __4__. With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man, one giant __5__ for mankind”， what had once been considered __6__ had now been achieved. Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today's __7__ school students, all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it __8__ back to Earth.
1．A.mist B．story
C．notion D．tragedy
2．A.running B．landing
C．existing D．flying
3．A.afraid B．proud
C．confident D．aware
4．A.dropped B．uncontrolled
C．wrong D．bad
5．A.leap B．advance
C．victory D．miracle
6．A.successful B．possible
C．impossible D．wonderful
7．A.wise B．diligent
C．clever D．average
8．A.immediately B．safely
C．hurriedly D．quickly
答案：1～5.CBDCA 6～8.CDB
Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究
【改编自译林选必三U2】
Life on a space station
Living in space is every would-be astronaut's dream. My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure. I bet you'd love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth—the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange!
The strangeness of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep. Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around. We usually sleep in private quarters, which are more like large cupboards, or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling. It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more. After about eight hours of sleep, we start our day of work.
The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding. Our main mission is to conduct scientific research. We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants. Creatures such as mice, fish and mosquitoes have also been sent to the station! In a low-gravity environment, we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope. As well as doing these biological experiments, we carry out experiments in other research fields. I have been working on one experiment which locates and tracks lightning over large regions of the Earth. Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection. With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance, so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.
The most challenging work takes place when we need to perform tasks outside the space station, such as testing new equipment, monitoring scientific experiments or repairing the space station. In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalk. First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation. Then we head out, and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time, with the beautiful Earth visible below.
1．What's the main idea of paragraph 2
A．The strangeness of sleeping in space.
B．The description of private quarters in space.
C．The challenges of living in space.
D．The importance of sleep for astronauts.
2．What is astronauts' main mission in space
A．Performing spacewalks.
B．Doing maintenance work.
C．Conducting scientific research.
D．Watching the Earth.
3．What does the underlined word “cast” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Think. B．Shine.
C．Spread. D．Provide.
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．Living in space is always comfortable.
B．Astronauts don't need to do any maintenance work.
C．Spacewalks are always easy and safe.
D．Scientific research in space is significant.
答案：1～4.ACDD
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024·天津红桥区期末)Most Chinese know the story of mythological Chang'e. It's a story about a woman who takes an immortality pill and flies to the moon. The story is so popular that people can't hear the word Chang'e without thinking of romantic images of a moon goddess.
For this reason, China's mission to the moon was calling for a strong female figure. Therefore, pictures of a young female space commander went viral on Chinese social media for her work on the Chang'e-5 Moon exploration programme with comments about how she is a “front line soldier in the field of aerospace” that young Chinese can look up to.
Ms. Zhou, a young lady of the Tujia ethnic group, is China's youngest ever space commander. She was involved in the successful launch of the Chang'e-5 lunar probe on 24 November，2020, in charge of the rocket connector system, the position described as a key role.
In the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, though she is only 1.58 meters tall and looks “mini”， she is called “Big Sister” for her powerful core and energy. Since senior high, she has dreamed of being a member of a space research team. With her great efforts, she was admitted to an aircraft system and engineering major of a domestic university in 2014, making her aerospace dream come true. To grow into a commander, in two and a half years, she changed five positions to be familiar with multiple posts and types of work, each of which takes great courage and is full of challenges. In a working space with no air conditioning and narrow space which can accommodate only three people, she worked for 60 days until the completion of the “Long March 5 rocket goes around” battle.
Her story received attention from Chinese state-run media as well as overseas media outlets. However, it did not appear to have had much of an effect on her. According to the media, she declined repeated requests for interviews because she did not wish to let fame get in the way of her work.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了参与嫦娥五号月球探测计划的年轻女指挥官——周女士的个人经历及其取得的成就。
1．Why does the author mention the myth of Chang'e at the beginning of the passage
A.To tell a romantic story.
B．To spread Chinese culture.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To give an example.
C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容及第二段中的“For this reason...a strong female figure.”可推知，作者在文章的开头提到嫦娥的神话是为了引入介绍中国年轻的探月女指挥官——周女士这一主题。
2．What makes people think of Ms. Zhou as a pioneer for the youth in aerospace
A.Her youth and beauty.
B．Her pictures on the media.
C．Her identity of the Tujia ethnic group.
D．Her performance in the moon-landing program.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Therefore, pictures of a young female space commander...can look up to.”可知，周女士在登月计划中的表现让人们认为她是航天领域的青年先驱。
3．Why did Ms. Zhou reject the media's invitation to interviews
A．Because she is too shy.
B．Because she was not available.
C．Because she is devoted to work.
D．Because she hates being famous.
C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“According to the media...get in the way of her work.”可知，周女士拒绝媒体的采访邀请是因为她要致力于工作。
4．What can we learn from Ms. Zhou's story
A．Attitude is altitude.
B．The early bird catches the worm.
C．Many hands make light work.
D．Diligence makes up for inability.
A 解析：推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第四段可推知，周女士坚持自己的梦想，不懈努力，勇于挑战，是积极的态度成就了她现在的成功。因此，我们能从周女士的故事中学到的是“态度决定高度”的道理。
Ⅱ.完形填空
The landscape of education greatly changed. But that couldn't __1__ one brilliant girl's resolve to chase her dream.
While most teens were tackling the challenges of middle school, Alena Analeigh, at the age of 12, had already __2__ her high school diploma. After long-term learning, she was __3__ to attend Arizona State University in May, 2021. There, she planned to major in astronomical & planetary science and chemistry to __4__ her dream of working at NASA where she hoped to __5__ her extraordinary skills to build spacecraft after graduation. __6__ she wanted to be an astronomer, but then she decided to switch over to engineering because of her love of building things.
Alena's aspirations began with her early __7__ for toy bricks, with which she built __8__ of everything from the Taj Mahal to a NASA rocket. She was __9__ at toy bricks, and if you __10__ her toy bricks, it would be easy for her to put them together.
This genius also had remarkable __11__ in other aspects of life. Seeing the __12__ of opportunities in the STEM(science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields for women, Alena wanted to make a change. She __13__ a website to encourage other girls with __14__ interests to focus on the STEM fields. Alena hoped to set an example for other girls—never let the long-established concept keep them from __15__ their own destinies.“It doesn't matter what you're planning to do，” she said.“Go for it, and then accomplish it.”
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了阿莱娜·安娜丽立志成为美国国家航空航天局的工程师，并创建网站鼓励其他女孩追逐梦想的故事。
1．A.identify B．convey
C．oppose D．weaken
D 解析：根据下文中的“one brilliant girl's resolve to chase her dream”可知，教育的形势发生了极大的变化，但这并不会削弱(weaken)一个聪明女孩追求梦想的决心。
2．A.lost B．obtained
C．issued D．taken
B 解析：根据上文中的“While most teens were tackling the challenges of middle school”及下文中的her high school diploma可知，此处指阿莱娜十二岁便已获得(obtain)高中文凭。
3．A.nervous B．willing
C．ready D．hesitant
C 解析：根据上文中的After long-term learning和下文中的to attend Arizona State University可知，经过长期的学习，阿莱娜准备好(ready)进入亚利桑那州立大学。
4．A.end B．change
C．realize D．abandon
C 解析：根据上文中的major in astronomical & planetary science and chemistry及下文中的her dream of working at NASA可知，阿莱娜将在大学修读双学位，以实现(realize)她去美国国家航空航天局工作的梦想。
5．A.recover B．demonstrate
C．employ D．acquire
C 解析：根据下文中的“her extraordinary skills to build spacecraft after graduation”可知，阿莱娜希望在毕业后运用(employ)她卓越的技能建造宇宙飞船。
6．A.Finally B．Originally
C．Obviously D．Fortunately
B 解析：根据下文中的“she wanted to be an astronomer, but then she decided to switch over to engineering”可知，她起初(originally)想当天文学家，但后来决定转向工程设计。
7．A.passion B．admiration
C．request D．need
A 解析：根据语境及上文中的love of building things可知，阿莱娜的志向始于她早期对积木的热爱(passion)。
8．A.patterns B．sites
C．models D．theories
C 解析：根据上文中的toy bricks和下文中的of everything from the Taj Mahal to a NASA rocket可知，她搭建了很多模型(model)。
9．A.skilled B．impressed
C．disappointed D．upset
A 解析：根据下文中的“it would be easy for her to put them together”可知，此处表示她很会拼积木。skilled意为“熟练的”。
10．A.handed out B．put away
C．showed off D．messed up
D 解析：根据下文中的“her toy bricks, it would be easy for her to put them together”可知，如果你把她的积木弄乱(mess up)了，她可以很容易就把它们拼合到一起。
11．A.achievements B．progress
C．inventions D．technique
A 解析：根据下文她推出了一个网站来鼓励其他有类似兴趣的女孩关注科学、技术、工程、数学领域可知，这位天才在生活的其他方面也有非凡的成就(achievement)。
12．A.possibility B．growth
C．inequality D．advantage
C 解析：根据下文中的“of opportunities in the STEM(science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) fields for women”以及她创建的网站主要是针对女性的可知，此处指她看到女性在科学、技术、工程、数学领域的机会不平等(inequality)。
13．A.examined B．launched
C．visited D．removed
B 解析：根据下文中的a website to encourage other girls with可知，为了鼓励其他有类似(similar)兴趣的女孩关注科学、技术、工程、数学领域，阿莱娜创建(launch)了一个网站。
14．A.similar B．unusual
C．various D．special
A 解析：参见上题解析。
15．A.escaping B．meeting
C．avoiding D．defining
D 解析：根据下文中的their own destinies可知，此处指不要让人们既定的观念阻碍她们定义(define)自己的命运。Period 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
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1．How did people in ancient times mainly explore the night sky
A．With the naked eye.
B．Through the bronze statues.
C．Through advanced telescopes.
D．By writing imaginative novels.
2．What did ancient people use to create a world in the sky
A．Their imaginations. B．Their eyes.
C．Bronze statues. D．Archeological sites.
3．About 300 years after the first telescope, what do we know about the Milky Way
A．It's one of billions of stars.
B．It's one of billions of other galaxies.
C．It is a huge island of light.
D．It is a world like ours.
4．What is one of the main functions of the Hubble Space Telescope
A.Taking pictures of the universe beyond the Earth.
B．Working out the age of the universe alone.
C．Discovering new planets with life.
D.Making the universe expand more and more.
5．What is “Eye of Heaven” used for
A．Building more advanced telescopes.
B．Searching for dark matter.
C．Replacing ordinary telescopes.
D．Exploring the edge of the universe.
6．What is special about the FAST telescope
A．It is composed of subatomic particles.
B．It is angled at the edge of the visible universe.
C．It is the first radio telescope in China.
D．It has the ability to explore regions of space billions of light years away.
7．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “quest” in the last paragraph
A．Request. B．Understanding.
C．Search. D．Horizon.
8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.There was no need to explore the early universe.
B.We humans have explored the universe for the most part.
C．We have seen stars and galaxies billions of light years away.
D．Larger radio telescopes will do more to help us explore the universe.
答案：1～5.AABAB 6～8.DCD
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The night sky 1.has__been(be) an endless source of fascination since the start of human history. However, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye. And, for long, people were unable to understand 2.what they could see.
Our power 3.to__investigate(investigate) and understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky, increasing as 4.it did the power of the human eye. It also enabled us to understand that the universe is far 5.larger(large) than was previously imaginable.
Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based telescope was invented, the Hubble Space Telescope 6.was__launched(launch) into orbit, giving astronomers—indeed all of us—the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth. To see even further into the universe, many countries are now engaged 7.in building ever more advanced telescopes. 8.Currently(current), China operates the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, 9.completed(complete) in 2016.
Using ever-larger radio telescopes as our eyes, we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe, before the 10.existence(exist) of light. But the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that. So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1．lifelike adj. A．可以相信地；可想象地
2．galaxy n. B．粒子
3．cosmic adj. C．胡椒粉
4．conceivably adv. D．宇宙的
5．subatomic adj. E．(图画、模型等)生动的，逼真的
6．particle n. F．星系
7．pepper n. G．亚原子的；原子内的
答案：1～5.EFDAG 6～7.BC
Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通
根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．an awesome sight 惊人的奇观
2．the space telescope 太空望远镜
3．angle the chair 把椅子倾斜一下
4．a straightforward process 一个简单的过程
5．promote self-discipline 提升自我约束力
6．fetch a doctor 去请医生
7．work the muscles 锻炼肌肉
8．Put a handkerchief over your mouth when you sneeze． 当你打喷嚏时用手帕捂住你的嘴。
9．a digital disc 一张数码光盘
Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．simulated adj.模仿的，模拟的，仿真的→simulate v．模仿，模拟→simulator n．(用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器
2．submit v．提交；呈递；顺从，屈服→submission n．提交；呈递；提交(或呈递)的文件→submissive adj.服从的；顺从的
3．invisible adj.看不见的→(反义词)visible adj.看得见的，可见的→visibly adv.看得见地
Ⅳ.重点短语·再现
根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．In__reality(事实上), sea level varies according to the irregular interior of the planet.
2．We need to work__out (想出) a plan to deal with the emergency and ensure that everyone is safe and accounted for.
3．The scientist is__engaged__in(忙于) serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world.
4．Our class is__composed__of (由……组成) eighteen boys and twelve girls, making a total of thirty students.
5．To understand the present, we must look__back__to(回顾) the past and learn from its lessons.
6．The scientist's lifelong quest__for(寻求) a cure for the disease finally paid off with a breakthrough discovery.
Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”
So__great__was__the__distance__from__Earth__that(它与地球的距离是如此之远，以至于) it would need to travel for almost six years to reach its destination.
2．Sb./Sth.＋be＋过去分词＋to do...
For example, the mysterious large-eyed, bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom, discovered at the Chinese archeological site at Sanxingdui, were__believed__to__have__been__able__to__look(被认为已经能够看到) across great distances into the stars.(Para.1)
[分析] 此句中还含有过去分词短语作定语。
3．“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”意为“越……，就越……”
The__more(越多) we know, the__more(就越) we feel our ignorance; the__more(就越) we feel how much remains unknown.
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【高频词汇诠释】
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submit v.提交；呈递；顺从，屈服
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①(教材P89)Submit a three-minute video introducing yourself and saying why you would be an ideal space candidate.
提交一个三分钟的视频介绍你自己，并说明为什么你是一个理想的太空候选人。
②(译林选必三 U4)They submitted the proposal which contained detailed research on the 33 sites along the corridor.
他们提交了提案，其中包括对走廊沿线33个地点的详细研究。
③(经典例句)All students must submit to the school's rules and regulations.
所以学生都必须遵守学校的规章制度。
(1)submit...to... 把……提交给……
submit to... 顺从/屈服于……
submit oneself to... 使自己顺从/屈服于……
(2)submission n. 提交；呈递；屈服
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单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to__submit(submit) a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿).
(2)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) And as of right now, we've received about 120 submissions (submit). The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.
(3)如果你对这个职位感兴趣，请向学校办公室提交你的申请。他们会审核并尽快回复您。
If you're interested in the position, please submit__your__application__to__the__school__office. They will review it and get back to you as soon as possible.
背诵点 应用文写作之通知
(4)虽然我们在日常生活中经历了许多挑战和困难，但我们坚决不屈服于它们。(个人发展与提升)
Although we undergo many challenges and hardships in daily life, we are determined not to__submit__(ourselves)__to__them．
背诵点 读后续写之主旨升华
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be composed of 由……组成
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①(教材P92)The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”， as it is known, is being used in the search for dark matter, thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes.
众所周知，这个叫作“天眼”的500米口径巨盘正被用于探寻暗物质，暗物质被认为是由一般望远镜观测不到的亚原子粒子组成。
②(经典例句)A successful team is composed of individuals with diverse skills and strengths.
一个成功的团队由具有不同技能和优势的个人组成。
(1)be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of
由……组成
(2)compose v. 创作；作曲；组成，构成；使平静
compose oneself 使自己镇定
(3) composer n. 作曲家；创作者
composition n. [U]构成；作曲；[C]作品；作文
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单句语法填空/补全句子/一句多译
(1)(北师大必修三 U7)Ludwig van Beethoven is regarded as one of the greatest composers(compose) in the history of music.
(2)(北师大必修三 U7)Ludwig van Beethoven proceeded with the composition(compose) until his death in 1827, writing more than 130 musical works, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.
(3)I strongly suggest that our English film appreciation course(should)__consist__of/be__composed__of/be__made__up__of(由……组成)enjoying the film，talking about wonderful movie lines and dubbing.
背诵点 应用文写作之建议信
(4)新计划由三部分组成，每一部分都非常重要。
→The new plan is__composed__of three parts, each of which is very important.
→The new plan consists__of three parts, each of which is very important.
→The new plan is__made__up__of three parts, each of which is very important.
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“the＋比较级， the＋比较级”意为“越……，就越……”
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①(教材P93)The more we know, the more we feel our ignorance; the more we feel how much remains unknown. 我们了解得越多，就越感到自己的无知；就越感觉未知的事物有很多。
②(译林选必二 U1)The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product.
我们越喜欢品牌大使，我们就越会被吸引去购买产品。
(1)“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语), the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，如果句意明确，该结构常以省略形式出现。
(2)比较级＋and＋比较级/more and more＋多音节形容词或副词原级 越来越……
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单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子
(1)(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter (hot) the spring!
(2)(人教必修三 U1)Festivals are becoming more__and__more__commercial(越来越商业化), with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.
(3)(译林选必三 U4)为了全人类的利益，遗产保护是当务之急。我们越是承认我们的遗产具有突出的普遍价值，就越有可能尊重它们。
Heritage protection is at the top of the agenda for the benefit of all mankind. The__more we acknowledge the outstanding universal value of our heritage sites, the__more__likely we are to treat them with respect.
背诵点 应用文写作之倡议信/演讲稿
Ⅰ.教材语块必备
1．a__radio__telescope 一个射电望远镜
2．a__light__year 一光年
3．an__endless__source__of... 一个……的不竭源头
4．at__an__ever-increasing__speed 以不断增长的速度
5．(be)__invisible__to... ……(是)看不到的
6．reflect__the__spirit__of... 反映……的精神
7．dark__matter 暗物质
8．the__naked__eye 肉眼
9．at__the__edge__of... 在……的边界
10．breathtakingly__beautiful__images
令人叹为观止的美景
11．beyond__one's__imagination(s)
超出某人的想象
12．a__journey__of__discovery 一个发现之旅
Ⅱ.品句填词
1．Working out regularly will help keep your muscles(肌肉) strong and avoid back problems.
2．I am so thirsty. Would you mind fetching(拿来) a glass of pure water for me
3．Exercising at home alone requires a tremendous amount of self-discipline(自律), and it does good to your health.
4．It seems as if we were surrounded by a(n) invisible(看不见的) wall when we communicate with each other on the Internet.
5．The moment Jack smells the pollen (花粉), he will begin sneezing(打喷嚏) over and over again.
6．The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward(简单的) to commercialize and is mostly composed of inexpensive, plastic-like parts.
Ⅲ.词块运用
1．Outwardly, she seemed confident but in__reality (实际上), she felt extremely nervous before the contest.
2．Young people often look ahead to the future while the elderly look__back__to (回顾) the past.
3．If you work__out (锻炼) bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day.
4．The team composed__of (由……组成) seven members felt optimistic about being able to win the championship in the Olympic Games.
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维度一 单句语法填空
1．You may want to be a pilot but can not become one because your eyesight is not good enough.
2．—Has the book I want arrived yet I'll have to use it next week.The exam is coming.
—Don't worry. You shall have it by this Friday.
3．When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.
4．The train is to start soon and Mike hasn't arrived. What can have happened to him
5．You need not have sent for a doctor because I feel quite all right now.
6．In today's information age, the loss of data can cause serious problems for a company.
7．—I'm afraid I have to leave now, for you see, he is waiting for me.
—Well, if you must,__at least wait till the heavy rain stops.
8．Since you have finished your work, there is no point in staying any longer; you may/might as well go home.
9．If the train is on time, she should arrive in Beijing by seven o'clock, and then she can catch the last bus to her hotel.
维度二 语法与写作
1．上学期间每次她遇到麻烦，她都会向我求助。
Every time she was in trouble during school days, she would__turn__to__me__for__help．
2．在高考时任何人都不能将手机带进考场。
No person shall__carry__a__mobile__phone into the examination room during the College Entrance Examination.
3．我真的很后悔在该努力学习的时候浪费了太多时间。
I really regret wasting too much time when I should__have__studied__hard．
4．我找不到我的钱包了；我可能昨天把它落在超市了，但我不确定。
I can't__find__my__purse;__I may/might__have__left__it__in__the__supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.
5．对于你为我所做的一切，我怎么感激你都不过分。
I cannot__thank__you__too__much for what you've done for me.
维度三 语篇填空
Now I have been in the new school for three months and I adapt to the life here well.I 1.needn't have worried before I came here.The school is beautiful and the classmates are friendly.The teachers speak so clearly that I 2.can understand what they say well.Students 3.must obey school rules and are not allowed to speak freely in class.We 4.should arrive at school before 8 o'clock in the morning.One of our rules is that every student 5.shall wear the school uniform while at school.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024·东北师大附中期末)Should humans explore space If you ask me, I'll definitely give a positive answer.
Space exploration has a direct impact on the lives of humans, as well as the state of our world. Satellites moving around the earth make communication across the world possible, connecting people of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide. Furthermore, weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions, which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and saves lives.
Space programs can also indirectly lead to the solution to poverty and world hunger. For example, large plots of land can be used far better if humans apply technologies. The most effective tool is the artificial satellite. It can screen areas of land within a very short time, indicating useful information, such as the condition of crops, soil, rainfall, and droughts. It can then transmit the information to ground stations on the earth for better use.
In recent years, space-based technologies have become an important factor to reach and expand global health objectives. Information provided by remote technologies can be applied to studying epidemiology. These data provided by space technologies can monitor disease patterns, understand the environmental causes that spread the disease, make predictions about where it can spread in the future, and make plans to fight it efficiently.
Furthermore, space exploration is something we can do for future generations. Mankind is using the resources on the planet, but these will run out one day. Overpopulation can be an existential threat to all mankind. Conceivably, with the advancement of cosmic space technology, it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets, such as the availability of mineral resources on asteroids or other planets.
For the exploration of the universe, perhaps the most awesome and advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common purpose, regardless of our differences.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章就太空探索对人类的种种影响和好处展开论述。
1．What can space exploration do according to paragraph 2
A.Improve the traffic on the earth.
B．Promote travel between countries.
C．Help prevent deadly natural disasters.
D.Help humans communicate and spread information.
D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Satellites moving around the earth...and broadcasting information worldwide.”可知，太空探索可以帮助人类交流和传播信息。
2．How can space programs help solve poverty and world hunger
A.By benefiting crop production with artificial satellites.
B．By transporting food worldwide more easily.
C．By creating job opportunities for the poor.
D．By protecting available land resources.
A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It can screen areas...on the earth for better use.”可推知，太空项目利用人造卫星促进作物生产，以此来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。
3．What does the author think of mining resources on other planets
A．Time-wasting. B．Arguable.
C．Unnecessary. D．Rewarding.
D 解析：观点态度题。根据第五段中的“Conceivably...it will be wise to use and explore...on asteroids or other planets.”可推知，作者认为在其他星球上开采资源是有益的。
4．What is the passage
A．An advertisement.
B．An argumentative essay.
C．A speech.
D．A news report.
B 解析：文章类型题。文章的第一段提出本文论点；第二至五段具体阐述了作者认为的观点：人类应该探索太空；最后一段表明共同合作探索太空的美好愿景。由此可知，本文是一篇议论文。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·长沙长郡中学阶段测验)Now, imagine we're deep space explorers and we've found something out in space that is both extremely heavy and very small. This mysterious object would pull so powerfully that nothing inside could escape to the outside. 1.________Again imagine we stay in our spaceship at a safe distance and make a movie of this black hole. 2.________ We would instead see the black hole eat anything that came too close. We get lucky: As we watch, the black hole swallows an entire star!
Our movie, titled “The Black Hole Eats a Star”， gets a million views online. 3.________ In the movie played backwards, we'd see a very heavy, very small object just sitting there—and then, all of a sudden, spit out an entire star! The object we're looking at now, which spits everything out and eats nothing, would be called a white hole.
Are there white holes We have good evidence from our telescopes that black holes really do exist. 4.________ That astronomers think about white holes is because of Albert Einstein. He came up with an excellent idea about gravity. His theory describes how black holes work, with their huge gravitational pull and also says white holes are possible. So could our universe actually make a white hole 5.________ Probably not. Something can be “possible” as an idea, but extremely unlikely in real life.
White holes are unlikely because they are an “in reverse” kind of thing. Time in our universe only flows in one direction: forward. So for now, white holes are just an interesting possibility.
A．This kind of object is a black hole.
B．Is there a white hole in the universe
C．Now imagine yourself near a black hole.
D．However, we've never seen a white hole.
E．And could a black hole become a white hole
F.We'd never see anything escape from the black hole.
G.But now imagine what would happen if we played it in reverse.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了宇宙中是否存在白洞的问题。
1．A 解析：根据空前内容及空后“Again imagine we stay in...this black hole.”可知，空处会提到的神秘物体就是“黑洞”，A项符合语境，且选项中的“a black hole”与空后的“this black hole”相呼应。
2．F 解析：根据空后“We would instead see...swallows an entire star！”可知，空后的“instead”表明空处与空后是对比关系。根据空后提到“我们”会看到什么可推知，空处应讲“我们”不会看到什么。F项符合语境。
3．G 解析：根据空前内容及空后“In the movie played backwards”可知，空前提到关于黑洞的电影，下文讲述了倒放的电影的内容，G项中的But说明前后是转折关系，且选项中的“played it in reverse”与此句中的“played backwards”意义一致，都强调倒放。G项承上启下，符合语境。
4．D 解析：根据空前“Are there white holes...really do exist.”及空后“That astronomers think about white holes is because of Albert Einstein.”可知，黑洞的存在有证据，然而，“我们”却从没有见过白洞，D项中的However与上文形成转折关系，符合语境。
5．E 解析：根据空前“So could our universe actually make a white hole？”及空后“Probably not.”可知，空处应与白洞的形成有关，E项是一个针对白洞的问句，与前一句并列，符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·浙江卷1月)The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra 1.____________(benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 2.____________ you can't use what you've bought while it's still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way 3.____________ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's 4.____________ they'll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 5.____________(criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 6.____________(offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets 7.____________(start) selling chicken or salad in packs 8.____________(design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 9.____________ other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 10.____________(one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了商家各式各样的促销手段。
1．to benefit 解析：考查动词不定式。根据buying extra和from price reductions可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，应用to do不定式作目的状语。
2．or 解析：考查连词。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式。
3．that/which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，指物，应用关系代词that或which。
4．what 解析：考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，应用关系代词what。
5．criticism 解析：考查名词。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism作宾语，意为“批评”。
6．be offered 解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。情态动词could后应用动词原形，they指代上文中的sausages，与动词offer之间构成被动语态，应用be offered。
7．have started 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语supermarkets为复数，助动词应用have。
8．designed 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词design和逻辑主语packs构成动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。
9．the 解析：考查冠词。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配。
10．ones 解析：考查代词。代词one意为“(在某类人中的)一个”，在some of后应用复数形式。INCLUDEPICTURE "名著选萃lll.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "名著选萃lll.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Castles in the Air (空中楼阁)
Excerpt from Little Women
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美国南北战争时期，一个普通家庭的四个姐妹的成长之路。
The story was not a long one, and when① it was finished, he ventured② to ask a few questions as a reward③ of good behavior.
“Please, ma'am, could I inquire④ if this highly instructive⑤ and charming institution⑥ is a new one？”
“Would you tell him？” asked Meg of her sisters.
“He'll laugh，” said Amy warningly⑦.
“Who cares？” said Jo.
“I guess he'll like it，” added Beth.
“Of course I shall! I give you my word⑧ I won't laugh. Tell away, Jo, and don't be afraid.”
“The idea of being afraid of you! Well, you see we used to play Pilgrim's Progress (天路历程), and we have been going on with it in earnest⑨， all winter and summer.”
“Yes, I know，” said Laurie, nodding wisely.
“Who told you？” demanded⑩ Jo.
“Spirits.”
“No, I did. I wanted to amuse him one night when you were all away, and he was rather dismal (忧郁的). He did like it, so don't scold ， Jo，” said Beth gently.
“You can't keep a secret. Never mind, it saves trouble now.”
“Go on, please，” said Laurie, as Jo became absorbed in her work, looking a little displeased.
“Oh, didn't she tell you about this new plan of ours Well, we have tried not to waste our holiday, but each has had a task and worked at it with a will . The vacation is nearly over, and we are ever so glad that we didn't waste.”
“Yes, I should think so，” and Laurie thought regretfully of his own idle days.
“Mother likes to have us out-of-doors as much as possible, so we bring our work here and have nice times. For the fun of it we bring our things in these bags, wear the old hats, use poles to climb the hill, and play pilgrims, as we used to do years ago. We call this hill the Delectable (令人愉快的) Mountain, for we can look far away and see the country where we hope to live some time.” Jo pointed, and Laurie sat up to examine, for through an opening in the wood one could look cross the wide, blue river, the meadows on the other side, far over the outskirts (郊区) of the great city, to the green hills that rose to meet the sky.
The sun was low, and the heavens glowed with the splendor of an autumn sunset. Gold and purple clouds lay on the hilltops, and rising high into the ruddy (红色的) light were silvery white peaks that shone like the airy spires (塔尖) of some Celestial City (天国).
“How beautiful that is！” said Laurie softly, for he was quick to see and feel beauty of any kind.
“We like to watch it, for it is never the same, but always splendid，” replied Amy, wishing she could paint it.
“Jo talks about the country where we hope to live sometime—the real country, she means, with pigs and chickens and haymaking (割晒干草). It would be nice, but I wish the beautiful country up there was real, and we could ever go to it，” said Beth musingly.
“There is a lovelier country even than that, where we shall go, by-and-by, when we are good enough，” answered Meg with her sweetest voice.
“It seems so long to wait, so hard to do. I want to fly away at once, as those swallows fly, and go in at that splendid gate.”
“You'll get there, Beth, sooner or later, no fear of that，” said Jo. “Wouldn't it be fun if all the castles in the air which we make could come true, and we could live in them？” said Jo, after a little pause.
“What is your favorite one, Laurie？” asked Meg., INCLUDEPICTURE "语基拾萃LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "语基拾萃LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
①此处为when引导的时间状语从句。
②venture [熟词生义] v．小心地说
③reward n．回报
④inquire v．询问
⑤instructive adj.有指导意义的
⑥institution n．机构
⑦warningly adv.警告地
⑧give sb. one's word 向某人保证
⑨in earnest 认真地
⑩demand v．强烈要求
amuse v．逗笑
scold v．训斥
become absorbed in全神贯注于
will [熟词生义] n．意志
regretfully adv.遗憾地
idle adj.空闲的
pole n．杖
此处为as引导的方式状语从句。
此处for表示原因。
此处为where引导的定语从句。
examine v．检查
opening n．缺口
meadow n．草地
glow v．发光
splendor n．华丽景色
silvery adj.银色的
此处为that引导的定语从句。
此处for表示原因。
此处为v.-ing作状语。
此处为where引导的定语从句。
musingly adv.
沉思地
swallow n．燕子
此处为which引导的定语从句。
be bothered about为……烦恼
luxurious adj.奢侈的
furniture n．家具
heap n．堆
mistress n．女主人
blunt adj.直言的
annoyed adj.恼怒的
此处为so that引导的目的状语从句。
contentedly adv.满足地
“After I'd seen as much of the world as I want to, I'd like to settle in Germany and have just as much music as I choose. I'm to be a famous musician myself, and all creation is to rush to hear me. And I'm never to be bothered about money or business, but just enjoy myself and live for what I like. That's my favorite castle. What's yours, Meg？”
Meg said slowly, “I should like a lovely house, full of all sorts of luxurious things—nice food, pretty clothes, handsome furniture, pleasant people, and heaps of money. I am to be mistress of it, and manage it as I like, with plenty of servants (佣人), so I never need work a bit.”
“Why don't you say you'd have a splendid, wise, good husband and some angelic (天使般的) little children You know your castle wouldn't be perfect without，” said blunt Jo.
“You'd have nothing but horses, inkstands (墨水瓶), and novels in yours，” answered Meg, a little annoyed.
“I'd write out of a magic inkstand, so that my works should be as famous as Laurie's music. That is my favorite dream.”
“Mine is to stay at home safe with Father and Mother, and help take care of the family，” said Beth contentedly.INCLUDEPICTURE "外刊撷英LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "外刊撷英LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Is Our Appetite① for Vegan Food Waning②
Adapted from The Guardian 202402
When Jim Anderson and his wife, Samantha, opened their vegan restaurant, in 2013, they proudly of its plant-based menu. But now, not anymore. Alongside sky-high③ operating costs and the cost-of-living crisis, Britain's vegan restaurants are facing waning appetite for plant-only food.
Industry experts said they were at the sharpest end of④ a struggling industry after a series of either closed or began including meat dishes on the menu in order to avoid closure⑤. A famous vegan fast food chain closed one of its sites in east London last year and would put meat on the menu at other venues. A brand of vegetarian burger closed half of its London sites in December. In the same month, another vegan business went into administration⑥. Jim and Samantha's vegan restaurant is now the only one in the area, banging the drum⑦ quietly.
In one sense⑧， the struggle is purely economic. Independent restaurants have been by the squeeze⑨ on living standards. Big chains muscled into⑩ the vegan market, leaving smaller venues competing for a slice of an already tiny pie.
A change in tastes and attitudes may also be under way. Paul Askew, the chef and owner of two restaurants in Liverpool, said he had seen a “massive shift” in eating habits. Demand for vegetarian and vegan food has plummeted， he said, while the number of people choosing pescatarian —which includes fish and dairy but not meat—has risen 15%-20%.
A survey that has the proportion of plant-based diets in the UK population since 2019 suggests it has fallen from 3% to 2% in the past year. However, a separate study by a comparison site last month found one trend —fewer vegans are choosing to eat out, leaving restaurants deciding whether to stomach putting meat on the menu or closing their doors for good .
The present sees a trend away from plant-only towards “plant-forward eating”. Some businesses were experimenting with plant protein in meat dishes as a way to retain the vegan appeal, while many others are still wondering.
eq \a\vs4\al( INCLUDEPICTURE "WordBankLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "WordBankLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT )
①appetite n. 胃口
②wane v. 减弱；衰落
③sky-high adj. 极高的
④at the sharpest end of
在……最困难的部分
⑤closure n. 停业；关闭
⑥go into administration
破产
⑦bang the drum 摇旗呐喊
⑧in one sense 从某种意义上来说
⑨squeeze n. 减少；削减
⑩muscle into 强行进入
slice n. 片，薄片；部分
massive adj. 巨大的
pescatarian n. 鱼素食者；半素食主义者
proportion n. 比例
comparison n. 比较
trend n. 趋势
for good 永远
retain v. 继续拥有；保持
INCLUDEPICTURE "knowledgecheck6LLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "knowledgecheck6LLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
答案：1.boasting 2.for 3.closure 4.the 5.purely 6.leaving 7.has plummeted 8.comparison
9．whether 10.while
INCLUDEPICTURE "WordMatchLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "WordMatchLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
1．boast v. A．a place where people meet for an organized event
2．venue n. B．to hit sb./sth. hard many times in a way that causes serious damage
3．batter v. C．to find sb./sth. by following the marks, signs, information, etc., that they have left behind them
4．plummet v. D．to talk with too much pride about
sth. that you have or can do
5．track v. E．to approve of sth. and be able to
enjoy it
6．stomach v. F．to fall suddenly and quickly from a
high level or position
答案：1～5.DABFC 6.E
INCLUDEPICTURE "CriticalThinkingLLL.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "CriticalThinkingLLL.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
Please give some suggestions about how to keep healthy.
One possible version：
Most of us hold that health is of great importance, and here are some suggestions to keep healthy. First of all, it is important that we should keep a balanced diet. We should eat more fruit and vegetables which are rich in fiber and vitamins, and avoid eating food which contains fat and sugar. Besides, we'd better go to bed early, get up early, exercise regularly and have enough sleep, which is beneficial to us. Most importantly, keeping a positive attitude towards life is good for our health.
