人教版八年级下册Unit 3 Growing Up Section B讲义

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人教版八年级下册Unit 3 Section B讲义
一．How can we stay positive （p26）
1. a light heart / a heavy heart
2. feel blue / feel on top of the world
3. have a long face / be all smiles
4. in low spirits / in high spirits
考点：stay+adj. 保持... stay positive保持积极
★a light heart：心情轻松、无忧无虑（积极）
★a heavy heart：心情沉重、心事重重（消极）
固定搭配：with a light heart 轻松地；with a heavy heart 沉重地
Don’t carry a heavy heart. Keep a light heart.不要心怀沉重，保持轻松心态。
★feel blue：闷闷不乐、心情忧郁
★feel on top of the world：幸福到极点、心满意足
blue 熟词生义：情绪低落
★have a long face：拉长脸、愁眉苦脸
★be all smiles：满面笑容、喜气洋洋
★in low spirits：情绪低落、没精打采
★in high spirits：情绪高昂、兴高采烈
二．When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a heavy heart."Hey, Matt,"his best friend Tom greeted him. He and Tom were in the school's basketball team."Why the long face Are you still feeling blue about Saturday night's game "Tom asked.（p26）
考点：
①Why the long face （口语） = Why do you have a long face 怎么拉着脸？
②feel blue = be in low spirits
③ring
(v.)（铃铛 / 电话）响；鸣铃ring—rang—rung
The bell rang. 铃声响了。
(v.) 打电话ring sb. (up) = call sb.
(n.) 戒指：a gold ring 金戒指
④enter = go into /come into
⑤were in the school's basketball team= be a member of the basketball team
参加…… 队伍 / 社团
⑥消极情绪：with a heavy heart → have a long face → feel blue → in low spirits
积极情绪：a light heart → be all smiles → feel on top of the world → in high spirits
三．He didn't dare to look at Tom as he spoke."I'm really sorry about letting everybody down. The other team got those points because of me." "Don't be too hard on yourself!" Tom said."Although you pushed their player, it was just an accident. （p26）
①dare （v.）敢于 dare to do sth 敢于做某事
②let sb down = make sb disappointed→反义词：cheer sb up 让某人振作
③because of 区别because
because of + 名词 / 代词 / 短语
because + 完整句子
Eg.：He failed because of me.He failed because I made a mistake.
④be hard on sb 对某人苛刻
Don't be too hard on yourself!别对自己太苛刻 / 别太自责
be hard on oneself 自责
⑤push：推→反义词 （pull 拉）
⑥as he spoke
as 引导时间状语从句：一边…… 一边；当…… 时
四．But Matt knew the referee didn't share Tom's opinion. When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave the other team two free throws. Matt was as shocked as anyone when the accident happened, but it was too late. He couldn't take it back. "（p26）
①share one’s opinion 赞同某人的看法= agree with sb
②free throws：罚球
③结构：as + 形容词原级 + as
as shocked as anyone：和所有人一样震惊
④be shocked by/at sth. 对某事感到震惊；be shocked to do sth.对做某事感到震惊
⑤take…back 收回、挽回、反悔
He couldn't take it back.他无法收回这一决定。
写作金句：What’s done can’t be taken back. 覆水难收
五．I guess we have to respect his decision," Matt said after a while."But we had a good chance to win until I made that mistake. Why wasn't I more careful I could just kick myself!（p26）
①respect one’s decision/opinion 尊重某人的决定decide (v. 决定) → decision (n. 决定)
②after a while after a while过了一会儿、不久
for a while 一会儿
③have a good chance to do sth 有机会做某事
④ I could just kick myself! 我真想责备自己！
六．"try to look on the bright side. The other team is the best in our area, but our scores were really close. I'm proud of us, and I know our coach and everyone else in our school are as well."Matt felt a bit better."（p26）
考点：①look on the bright side：往好处想；积极乐观；看到事情光明的一面
反义：look on the dark side 往坏处想
② in our area 在我们地区
③close 一词多义
★ adj. /kl s/
1 （距离）近的 be close to...例句：My home is close to school.
2 （关系）亲密的 例句：They are close friends.
★adv. /kl s/靠近地、紧紧地 例句：Please stand close to me.
★ v. /kl z/
1 关闭；合上（反义词 open）例句：Please close the door.
2 结束；终止（活动、比赛、店铺）例句：The shop closes at 9 p.m.
④ be proud of 固定搭配（必考）be proud of sb/sth = take pride in sb/sth为…… 感到骄傲 / 自豪
as well = too 也（放句末）
⑤ a bit /a little + 比较级 → 一点儿……
felt a bit better感觉好些了
注意：★
比较级前加：→much/far/even/still/a little/a bit
原级前加：→very/so/quite/too
七．"Hey, you can't win them all," said Tom."It's more important to learn from your mistakes so that you don't repeat them in future. We'll keep working together as a team. One for all, and all for one, right ' （p26）
①you can't win them all：你不可能每次都赢
②in future = 今后、以后
③work together as a team团队协作、齐心协力
④One for all, and all for one谚语：我为人人，人人为我
⑤pull together 齐心协力、团结一致
八．Why did Tom feel proud of their team even though they lost （p26）
考点：even though /although/though
共同点：都表示：虽然、尽管，引导让步从句；
都不能和 but 连用！
区别1. although 【最正式、书面】只用在句首 / 句中，不放句尾
例句：Although they lost, they were proud.虽然输了，但他们很自豪。
though
① 能替换 although（放句首 / 句中）
② 能放句尾（表 “不过、可是”），= anyway
例句：They lost. They did well, though.他们输了，不过打得很好。
3. even though 哪怕、即使比 although 语气强：
Why did Tom feel proud even though they lost 就算他们输了，汤姆为啥还自豪？
九．Edward noticed that his friend had a sad expression.The musician apologized for disappointing everyone when he fell sick and couldn't attend the show.（p27）
考点：
①notice + that 从句：注意到……
notice sb do/doing sth：注意某人做 / 正在做
② express (v.)表达，表示→expression (n.)表达, 表情；神色
a sad expression = a sad look 难过的神情
③ apologize for…为…道歉
apologize for doing sth 为做某事而道歉= say sorry for doing sth
④disappoint (v.) 使失望
→disappointed (人) 感到失望的→disappointing (事) 令人失望的→disappointment (n.) 失望
⑤fall ill /fall sick 生病
fall—fell—fallen 不规则动词
⑥attend 出席、参加（活动 / 演出 / 会议 / 上课）
辨析
attend：出席（会议、演出、上学）
join：加入（团队、组织）
take part in：参加（比赛、活动）
十．When something goes wrong, it's easy to get angry. But if you think about the good things in that bad situation, you'll feel better. Even if you try your best, you can't always succeed or win.When you work together as a group, you can achieve great things.（p27）
考点：① something goes wrong出问题、出差错、发生故障
→Everything goes well. 一切顺利
②get + 形容词 系表结构get sad / get happy / get nervous
③in that bad situation在这种糟糕的情况下
in … situation 在…… 情况下 / 处境中
in a difficult situation 在困境里
④succeed (v. 成功)succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
变形：success (n.) 成功successful (adj.) 成功的
⑤as a group /as a team 团队合作、齐心协力
⑥ achieve great things 成就伟业
achieve (v.) 实现、达成
achieve dreams 实现梦想
十一． A sense of belonging can help you to fight the feeling ofloneliness.I'm sorry I shouted at you just now. I was just feeling stressed.I know you didn't mean to do that. People can behave differently under stress.Last night, I couldn't get any sleep, and I lay awake most of the night.（p28）
①a sense of belonging归属感
a sense of + 名词 ：…… 感
a sense of happiness 幸福感a sense of duty 责任感
②lonely (adj. 孤独的) → loneliness (n. 孤独)
③shout at sb 固定搭配
shout at sb 对某人大喊大叫（生气）
区别：shout to sb 大声喊（为了听见）
④stress (n. 压力 /v. 施压)→ stressed (人：有压力的)→ stressful (事：令人压力大的)
under stress 在压力之下
拓展：under pressure 在压力下
⑤not mean to do sth 无意做某事、不是故意的
⑥I lay awake 我躺着睡不着
lie (躺)—lay—lain
lay (放 / 下蛋)—laid—laid
十二．Although it is normal to get mad at others from time to time,we should always try our best to control our anger instead of expressing it in bad ways. When we're mad, we might shout at
other people or say mean things to them. （p28）
考点：
①from time to time：时不时，偶尔（= sometimes /at times）
②try one’s best to do sth：尽某人最大努力做某事
③control our anger控制我们的愤怒
anger (n.) 怒气，愤怒→angry (adj..生气的)be angry with sb 生某人的气
④instead of：代替，而不是
⑤say mean things to them对他们说些刻薄的话
mean (adj.) 刻薄的，吝啬的 ( v.) 意思是;打算
十三．After all, anger is like a fire. It can make you hurt others or yourself! Luckily, there are a few simple things you can do to stay calm. For example,try taking a deep breath. That gives you an opportunity to calm down and become a little less angry. （p28）
考点：①after all 毕竟，终究
②be like 像…… 一样
feel like doing 想要做
③take a deep breath 深呼吸
④give sb an opportunity to do sth给某人一个做某事的机会
opportunity = chance（机会）
⑤calm down 冷静下来，平复情绪
⑥try doing 试着做某事（尝试方法）→try to do 努力尽力做某事
十四．You can also take a walk, go for a run, or write about your feelings. Getting angry is normal, but what you choose to do with your anger is up to you!（p28）
考点：
①take a walk 散步（同义：have a walk）
②go for a run 去跑步（go for a walk /go for a swim）
③be up to sb 由某人决定
④choose to do sth 选择做某事
⑤do with 处理
what … do with
how … deal with
十五．I used to think that science was boring and difficult, and I did badly in class. I grew more confident. You helped me a lot, especially after my grandmother passed away. That day will always remain in my mind. Thank you so much for being not only my teacher but also my friend.I am very thankful because...（p29）
考点：①used to do sth过去常常做某事（现在不做了）
对比：be used to doing 习惯于做某事be used to do 被用来做某事
②do badly in 在…… 做得差 / 成绩不好反义词组：do well in = be good at
③grow more confident 变得更自信
grow + 形容词：逐渐变得……（渐变系动词）
④pass away （委婉）去世、离世
⑤remain in one’s mind 铭记在心、留在记忆里
⑥not only…but also… 不但…… 而且……
⑦thank (v./n. 感谢) → thankful (adj. 感激的) → thankfully (adv. 幸亏；感激地)
be thankful to sb 对某人心存感激 例：I am thankful to my teacher.
be thankful for sth 因某事 / 某物感恩 例：We are thankful for your help.
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