(共56张PPT)
Unit 5 Nature's Temper
八年级
人教2026春
下
单词解析二
1.trouble(名词)苦恼，困难；(动词)使忧虑，苦恼，劳驾，麻烦
[用法讲解]trouble为可数名词，其复数形式为troubles.
Eg:The student's failing grades troubled his parents deeply.
这个学生成绩不及格使其父母深感忧虑。
Scientists are putting a good face on the troubles.
科学家们对这些困难似乎不以为意。
I'm having trouble finding anything new to say on this subject.
在这个课题上要提出什么新看法，我有困难。
[常见搭配] have trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难
get into trouble陷入麻烦
get out of trouble走出困境
make trouble惹事生非
be in trouble处于困境中
take the trouble不怕费力
Eg: I have trouble understanding theinstructions.
他理解这些指示有困难。
She got into trouble with the law.
她惹上了官司。
With his help, I got out of trouble quickly.
在他的帮助下，我很快走出了困境。
He always makes trouble for others.
他总是给别人惹麻烦。
He is in trouble and needs our help.
他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。
He took the trouble to explain the problem to me.
他不怕费力地向我解释了这个问题。
[即学即用]
1.I have trouble_______________(understand) this passage.
2.别惹事，否则你会有麻烦的。
Don't ________ ________, or you will ______ ______ ______.
understanding
make trouble get into trouble
2.relative(名词)亲戚，亲属
[用法讲解]relative为可数名词，其复数形式为relatives;relative还可为形容词，译为"相对的，相关的".
Eg: I have several relatives living in the countryside.
我有几个亲戚住在乡下。
The size of the room is relative to thenumber of people it can accommodate.
房间的大小与它能容纳的人数相对。
[常见搭配]close relative近亲
distant relative远亲
in relation to... 与...有关
Eg: My uncle is my close relative.
我叔叔是我的近亲。
Close neighbours are better than distant relatives.
远亲不如近邻。
The report is in relation to the recent increase in crime rates.
这份报告与最近犯罪率的上升有关。
[派生词] relativity为名词，译为"相对论，相对性";
relevant为形容词，译为"相关的".
Eg: According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.
根据相对论，任何东西都无法超越光速。
Do you have the relevant experience
你有相关的经历吗
[即学即用]
My grandmother has many___________(relative) who live in different parts of the country.
relatives
3.truck(名词)卡车
[用法讲解]truck为可数名词，其复数形式为trucks;truck还可为动词，译为"用卡车运输，驾驶卡车，以物换物".
Eg: A big truck blocked the road, causing a traffic jam.
一辆大卡车堵住了道路，造成了交通堵塞。
They trucked the coal from the mine to the power plant.
他们用卡车把煤从矿场运到发电厂。
He has been trucking for over 20 years and knows all the roads well.
他开卡车已经20多年了，对所有的道路都很熟悉。
In the old days, people used to truck with each other instead of using money.
在过去，人们常常互相以物换物，而不是使用货币。
[常见搭配]truck load一卡车的量，大量
have no truck with ...不与...来往，不赞同
truck with ...与...打交道
Eg: They ordered a truck load of bricks for the construction project.
他们为这个建筑项目订购了一卡车的砖块。
I have no truck with people who are dishonest.
我不与不诚实的人来往。
He used to truck with the local farmers for fresh produce.
他过去常常和当地农民以物换物，换取新鲜的农产品。
[派生词]trucker为名词，译为"卡车司机";
trucking为名词，译为"卡车运输业".
Eg: The trucker has been driving all night and is very tired.
这位卡车司机开了一整夜的车，非常疲惫。
The trucking industry plays an important role in the logistics sector.
卡车运输业在物流领域起着重要作用。
[即学即用]
The__________(卡车)are parked in the parking lot.
trucks
4.supply(名词)供应(量)，补给(品);(动词)供应，供给
[用法讲解]supply为可数名词，其复数形式为supplies;supply作动词时，还可译为"满足，补充".
Eg: The water supply to the house was cut off.
这栋房子的水供应被切断了。
The army's supplies were running low.
军队的补给品快用完了。
The company supplies electricity to the whole city.
这家公司向全市供电。
The new policy is designed to supply the needs of the poor.
这项新政策旨在满足穷人的需求。
[常见搭配]supply with/ to ...向某人/某处提供某物
in short supply供应不足，短缺
Eg: We supplied them with money and clothes.
我们供给他们金钱和衣服。
Fresh water is in short supply in some desert areas.
在一些沙漠地区，淡水供应不足。
[派生词]supplier为名词，译为"供应商".
Eg: We are looking for reliable suppliers of high-quality materials.
我们正在寻找可靠的高质量材料供应商。
[易混辨析] supply,provide与offer区别：
supply侧重于提供日常必需品，物资，资源等，常涉及大量，持续的供给，常与with/to连用；
provide所提供的物品或服务较为泛指，不强调主动或意愿；
offer强调主动"提出，给予"帮助，机会，建议等，带有主观意愿。
Eg: The company supplies water to the whole city.
这家公司为整座城市供水。
The hotel provides guests with free breakfast.
酒店为客人提供免费早餐。
He offered me a cup of tea.
他主动给我倒了杯茶。
[即学即用]
( )The government has done a lot to_____the homeless help.
A.offer B.provide C.supplyD.consider
A
5.preparation(名词)准备(工作)，预备
[用法讲解] preparation为可数名词，其复数形式为preparations.
Eg: The preparation for the wedding took months.
婚礼的准备工作花了数月时间。
Sample preparation is critical in scientific experiments.
样品制备在科学实验中至关重要。
[常见搭配]make preparations做准备
in preparation for...为...做准备
in preparation正在准备中
Eg: We should make preparations for potential power outages.
我们应为可能停电做好准备。
The team trained dailyin preparation for the championship.
球队每天训练以备战锦标赛。
The new product is in preparation for the market launch.
新产品正在为上市做准备。
[派生词] prepare为动词，译为"为...做准备";
prepared为形容词，译为"准备好的".
Eg: I am preparing for the exam.
我正在为考试做准备。
She is well - prepared for the interview.
她为面试做好了充分准备。
[即学即用]
1.The team is training daily in___________(prepare) for the championship.
2.我们正在为下周末我姐姐的生日派对做准备。
We are__________________for my sister's birthday party next weekend.
preparation
making preparations
6.power(名词)电力供应，能量，力量
[用法讲解] power作名词，还可译为"权力，影响力，功率"等；power还可作动词，译为"驱动，推动，提供动力".
Eg: The government has the power to change laws.
政府有权力改变法律。
The solar panel converts sunlight into electrical power.
太阳能电池板将阳光转化为电能。
Who said literature has no real power to affect history
谁说文学对历史没有影响力。
The engine has a power of 200 horsepower.
这台发动机的功率是200马力。
The aircraft is powered by a jet engine.
这架飞机由喷气发动机驱动。
The engine powers the car.
发动机为汽车提供动力。
[常见搭配]have the power to do sth.有能力做某事
in power执政的，掌权的
beyond one's power超出某人的能力范围
power cut停电
be powered by ...由...提供动力
Eg: She has the power to influence others.
她有能力影响他人。
The party in power is facing many challenges.
执政党正面临许多挑战。
It's beyond my power to lift this heavy box.
我抬不起这个沉重的箱子，这超出了我的能力范围。
There was a power cut last night.
昨晚停电了。
The car is powered by an electric motor.
这辆车由电动机驱动。
[派生词]powerful为形容词，译为"强大的，有力的，有影响力的";
powerless为形容词，译为"无力的，无权力的".
Eg: The powerful engine can accelerate the car quickly.
这台强大的发动机可以让汽车迅速加速。
He felt powerless to change the situation.
他感到无力改变这种情况。
[即学即用]
冰箱的食物在停电期间划开了。
The food in the freezer had thawed during a _______________.
power cut
7.soundly(副词)(睡觉)酣畅地，可靠地，完全彻底地
[用法讲解]soundly在句中常用来修饰动词。
Eg: The baby slept soundly through the storm.
婴儿在暴风雨中酣睡未醒。
The team was soundly defeated in the final.
球队在决赛中被彻底击败。
Theresearchis soundly based on experimental data.
这项研究以实验数据为可靠依据。
These houses are soundly built to withstand earthquakes.
这些房子建造坚固，能抵御地震。
[派生词]sound为动词，译为"听起来";
sound还可为名词，译为"声音".
soundness为名词，译为"健全，稳固，可靠".
Eg: The music sounds wonderful.
这首音乐听起来很棒。
The soundness of the financial system is crucial for the stability of the entire economy.
金融体系的健全对于整个经济的稳定至关重要。
[易混辨析] soundly与thoroughly区别：
soundly表示彻底性时，有一种稳健，扎实的感觉；
thoroughly更强调全面，彻底，没有遗漏。
Eg:Thecompany has developed soundly over the years, building a solid foundation for its future.
多年来，公司稳健发展，为未来打下了坚实的基础。
We needto clean the room thoroughly before the guests arrive.
在客人到来之前，我们需要把房间彻底打扫干净。
[即学即用]
Last night, I was so tired that I slept__________(sound) until morning, I didn't even hear the alarm clock.
soundly
8.thick(形容词)厚的，浓密的
[用法讲解] thick为形容词，还可译为"粗的，口音重的，密切的";thick还可为副词，译为"宓集地，大量地".
Eg: The wall is quite thick.
这面墙相当厚。
The forest is thick with trees.
森林里树木浓密。
The soup is thick and delicious.
这汤很浓，味道很美。
I can't understandhimbecause of his thick accent.
由于他口音太重，我听不懂他的话。
They are thick as thieves.
他们亲密无间。
Rain fell thick and fast.
雨又大又急地落下来。
[常见搭配]be thick with...充满...的；布满...的
through thick and thin不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦
Eg: The air was thick with smoke.
空气中充满了烟雾。
They have stayed together through thick and thin.
他们同甘共苦，一直在一起。
[派生词] thickness为名词，译为"厚度";
thickly为副词，译为"浓密地".
Eg: We measured the thickness of the wall.
我们测量了墙的厚度。
The leaves are growing thickly on the tree.
树上叶子长得很浓密。
[即学即用]
She handed me a t_________book full of illustrations.
hick
9.beat(动词)敲，打
[用法讲解]beat作动词，还可译为"(心脏等)跳动，打败，搅拌，吹打，避免"，其过去式为 beat，过去分词为beat;beat还可为名词，译为"节拍，(鼓的)一击，管区".
Eg: Someone was beating at the door.
有人在敲门。
I felt my heart beating faster.
我感觉我的心跳得更快了。
Our team beat theirs in the basketball game.
在篮球比赛中，我们队打败了他们队。
Beat the eggs and sugar together until fluffy.
把鸡蛋和糖搅拌在一起，直到蓬松。
Rain was beating against the windows.
雨打在窗户上。
We need to beat the traffic if we want to arrive on time.
如果我们想按时到达，就得避开交通拥堵。
Dancers moved to the beat of the music.
舞者随着音乐的节拍舞动。
The drummer gave a strong beat.
鼓手重重地敲了一下鼓。
The officer is on his beat.
那位警察正在他的巡逻区执勤。
[常见搭配]beat about/ around the bush拐弯抹角
beat the clock赶时间
beat it滚开，离开
Eg: Stop beating around the bush and tell me the truth.
别拐弯抹角了，告诉我真相。
We have to beat the clock to finish the project.
我们得赶时间完成这个项目。
Beat it! I don't want to see you here.
滚开!我不想在这儿看到你。
[派生词] beating为名词，译为"殴打，敲击声";
beatable为形容词，译为"可打败的".
Eg: He received a severe beating.
他遭到了严重殴打。
Our team is beatable.
我们队是有可能被打败的。
[易混辨析]beat与hit区别：
beat强调有节奏地，连续地击打，常与鼓，心脏等搭配，也可表示在比赛中打败对手；
hit侧重于一次性的，有力的击打，对象可以是各种事物。
Eg: The drummer beats the drum regularly.
鼓手有节奏地敲鼓。
He hit the ball hard.
他用力击球。
[即学即用]
He b_______ the drum loudly to attract attention.
eat
10.hide(动词)躲藏，隐蔽
[用法讲解]hide的过去式为hid，过去分词为hidden.
Eg: The cat hid under the bed when it heard the loud noise.
猫听到巨大的噪音时，躲到了床底下。
He tried to hide his disappointment when he didn't get the job.
他没得到那份工作时，试图隐瞒自己的失望。
[常见搭配]hide from sb./ sth.躲避某人/某事
hide the truth/ facts隐瞒真相/事实
hide and seek做迷藏
hide one's head in the sand躲避现实
hide the light of day完全隐藏，不见天
Eg: The child hid from the teacher after breaking the vase.
打碎花瓶后，孩子躲着老师。
He tried to hide the truth about his past.
他试图隐瞒自己的过去。
The kids played hide and seek in the garden.
孩子们在花园里玩捉迷藏。
Don't hide your head in the sand -- face the problem!
不要躲避现实--面对问题吧!
The evidence was hidden from the light of day.
证据被完全隐藏了。
[派生词] hider为名词，译为"躲藏者";
hidden为形容词，译为"隐藏的，隐蔽的".
Eg:The hider ran away when spotted.
躲藏者被发现后逃跑了。
The poem has a hidden meaning.
这首诗有隐含意义。
[即学即用]
The thief h_______ the stolen goods in a secret place.
id
11.tornado(名词)龙卷风，旋风
[用法讲解] tornado为可数名词，其复数形式为 tornadoes或tornados.
Eg: A tornado touched down near the town, causing widespread damage.
一场龙卷风在小镇附近登陆，造成大面积破坏。
[派生词] tornadic为形容词，译为"龙卷风的".
Eg: The tornadic winds caused extensive damage to the crops in the area.
龙卷风的风力对该地区的农作物造成了广泛破坏。
[即学即用]
Several ____________(龙卷风)have been reported in the region this week.
tornadoes
12.worst(形容词/副词)最坏(的)，最糟(的)
[用法讲解] worse还可看作副词badly的最高级形式，译为"最坏地，最糟糕地".
Eg: This is the worst meal I've ever had.
这是我吃过最差的一顿饭。
She performed worst of all in the singing competition.
她在歌唱比赛中表现最差。
[常见搭配]in the worst case在最坏的情况下
for the worst向更坏的方面发展
the worst of it最糟糕的是
Eg: In the worst case, we might have to cancel the event.
在最坏的情况下，我们可能不得不取消活动。
The situation is turning for the worst.
情况正在向更坏的方向发展。
I've had the worst of it, I can't take any more.
我已经受够了最糟糕的部分，我再也受不了了。
[即学即用]
The traffic was at its__________(bad) during rush hours.
worst
13.schoolgirl(名词)(学校的)女生
[用法讲解] schoolgirl为可数名词，其复数形式为schoolgirls.
Eg: The schoolgirl was reading a book under the tree during the break.
课间休息时，那个女学生在树下看书。
[即学即用]
The___________(女学生)sat at the desk, focused on solving a difficult math problem.
schoolgirl
14.froth(名词)泡，泡沫
[用法讲解]froth为可数名词，其复数形式为froths;froth还可为动词，译为"(使)起泡沫，激动".
Eg: The froth on the cappuccino looked like a delicate cloud.
卡布奇诺的泡沫宛如一朵轻柔的云。
The waves frothed as they crashed onto the shoreline, tickling my toes.
海浪在岸边泛起泡沫，轻触我的脚趾。
She frothed at the mouth when her flight got canceled.
她航班被取消时气得暴跳如雷。
[常见搭配]froth at the mouth口吐白沫，暴跳如雷
be all froth空洞无物
Eg: The rabid dog frothed at the mouth.
疯狗口吐白沫。
He frothed at the mouth when he heard the bad news.
他听到这个坏消息时暴跳如雷。
His speech was all froth and no substance.
他的演讲空洞无物，毫无实质内容。
[派生词] frothy为形容词，译为"泡沫的，空洞的".
Eg:The frothy waves crashed against the shore.
泡沫般的海浪冲向岸边。
His speech was full of frothy remarks.
他的演讲充满了空洞的言论。
[即学即用]
The beer________(泡沫) on the top of the glass looks so inviting.
froth
15.refuse(动词)拒绝，退却
[用法讲解] refuse还可为名词，译为"垃圾".
Eg: She refused his invitation.
她拒绝了他的邀请。
Thetown made a weekly collection of refuse.
该镇每周收一次垃圾。
[常见搭配]refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事
Eg: He refused to answer the question.
他拒绝回答问题。
[派生词]refusal为名词，译为"拒绝，推却".
Eg: His refusal to cooperate caused many problems.
他拒绝合作导致了很多问题。
[即学即用]
He refused_____________(comment) after the trial.
to comment
16.security(名词)安全，保安，保障
[用法讲解] security为不可数名词时，译为"安全，安全感，安全保障";security为可数名词时，译为"证券";security还可为形容词，译为"安全的，保安的，保密的".
Eg: We need to improve the security of our computer system.
我们需要提高我们计算机系统的安全性。
He invested a large amount of money in securities.
他大量投资于证券。
We need a security system to protect our home from burglars.
我们需要一个安全系统来保护我们的家免受窃贼入侵。
[常见搭配]in security安全地，处于安全状态
security against/ from防止...的安全措施，对...的防范
national security国家安全
personal security个人安全
security check安检
security guard保安人员
Eg:They crossed the street in security at the pedestrian crossing.
他们在人行横道处安全地穿过了马路。
We need better security against theft.我
们需要更好的防盗措施。
The government has taken a series of measures to strengthen national security.
政府采取了一系列措施来加强国家安全。
People should pay more attention to their personal security when traveling alone.
人们独自旅行时应该更加注意个人安全。
All passengers must go through a security check before boarding the plane.
所有乘客登机前都必须经过安检。
The security guards are patrolling the building to ensure safety.
保安人员正在大楼里巡逻以确保安全。
[派生词] secure为形容词，译为"安全的，可靠的，稳固的";
insecure为形容词，译为"不安全的，无把握的，心神不安的".
Eg:Theschool provides a secure environment for students to learn and grow.
学校为学生提供了一个安全的学习和成长环境。
He is always insecure about his abilities, even though he is very talented.
尽管他很有天赋，但他总是对自己的能力缺乏自信。
[即学即用]
We need to ensure the__________(secure) of our food supply.
security
17.guard(名词)卫兵，保卫；(动词)保卫
[用法讲解]guard为可数名词，其复数形式为guards，还可译为"防护物，警戒队";guard作动词，还可译为"防范，警惕".
Eg: The guard at the gate stopped us and asked for identification.
门口的警卫拦住我们，要求出示证件。
Make sure the guard on the machine is in place before you start it.
启动机器前，确保机器上的防护装置已安装在位。
The soldiers are on guard.
士兵们处在警戒状态。
The soldiers guard the border to prevent illegal entry.
士兵们守卫边境，防止非法入境。
We should guard against theft when travelling.
旅行时我们应该防范盗窃。
[常见搭配]security guard保安人员
guard against防范，警惕
guard over看守，守护
Eg: The security guards are patrolling the building to ensure safety.
保安人员正在大楼里巡逻以确保安全。
We should guard against online fraud.
我们应该防范网络诈骗。
The dog guards over the house at night.
晚上，狗守护着房子。
[派生词]guardian为名词，译为"守护者，监护人".
Eg:Parents are the legal guardians of their children.
父母是子女的法定监护人。
[即学即用]
保安在入口处拦住了那个形迹可疑的男子。
The______________stopped the suspicious - looking man at the entrance.
security guard
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Unit 5 Nature's Temper 单词解析二
1.trouble(名词)苦恼，困难；(动词)使忧虑，苦恼，劳驾，麻烦
[用法讲解] trouble为可数名词，其复数形式为troubles.
Eg:The student's failing grades troubled his parents deeply.
这个学生成绩不及格使其父母深感忧虑。
Scientists are putting a good face on the troubles.
科学家们对这些困难似乎不以为意。
I'm having trouble finding anything new to say on this subject.
在这个课题上要提出什么新看法，我有困难。
[常见搭配] have trouble (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难
get into trouble 陷入麻烦
get out of trouble 走出困境
make trouble 惹事生非
be in trouble 处于困境中
take the trouble 不怕费力
Eg: I have trouble understanding the instructions.
他理解这些指示有困难。
She got into trouble with the law.
她惹上了官司。
With his help, I got out of trouble quickly.
在他的帮助下，我很快走出了困境。
He always makes trouble for others.
他总是给别人惹麻烦。
He is in trouble and needs our help.
他遇到了麻烦，需要我们的帮助。
He took the trouble to explain the problem to me.
他不怕费力地向我解释了这个问题。
[即学即用]
1.I have trouble_______________(understand) this passage.
2.别惹事，否则你会有麻烦的。
Don't ________ ________, or you will ______ ______ ______.
答案：1.understanding 2. make trouble; get into trouble
2.relative(名词)亲戚，亲属
[用法讲解] relative为可数名词，其复数形式为relatives;relative还可为形容词，译为"相对的，相关的".
Eg: I have several relatives living in the countryside.
我有几个亲戚住在乡下。
The size of the room is relative to the number of people it can accommodate.
房间的大小与它能容纳的人数相对。
[常见搭配] close relative 近亲
distant relative远亲
in relation to... 与...有关
Eg: My uncle is my close relative.
我叔叔是我的近亲。
Close neighbours are better than distant relatives.
远亲不如近邻。
The report is in relation to the recent increase in crime rates.
这份报告与最近犯罪率的上升有关。
[派生词] relativity为名词，译为"相对论，相对性";
relevant为形容词，译为"相关的".
Eg: According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.
根据相对论，任何东西都无法超越光速。
Do you have the relevant experience
你有相关的经历吗
[即学即用]
My grandmother has many___________(relative) who live in different parts of the country.
答案：relatives
3.truck(名词)卡车
[用法讲解] truck为可数名词，其复数形式为trucks;truck还可为动词，译为"用卡车运输，驾驶卡车，以物换物".
Eg: A big truck blocked the road, causing a traffic jam.
一辆大卡车堵住了道路，造成了交通堵塞。
They trucked the coal from the mine to the power plant.
他们用卡车把煤从矿场运到发电厂。
He has been trucking for over 20 years and knows all the roads well.
他开卡车已经20多年了，对所有的道路都很熟悉。
In the old days, people used to truck with each other instead of using money.
在过去，人们常常互相以物换物，而不是使用货币。
[常见搭配] truck load 一卡车的量，大量
have no truck with ... 不与...来往，不赞同
truck with ... 与...打交道
Eg: They ordered a truck load of bricks for the construction project.
他们为这个建筑项目订购了一卡车的砖块。
I have no truck with people who are dishonest.
我不与不诚实的人来往。
He used to truck with the local farmers for fresh produce.
他过去常常和当地农民以物换物，换取新鲜的农产品。
[派生词]trucker为名词，译为"卡车司机";
trucking为名词，译为"卡车运输业".
Eg: The trucker has been driving all night and is very tired.
这位卡车司机开了一整夜的车，非常疲惫。
The trucking industry plays an important role in the logistics sector.
卡车运输业在物流领域起着重要作用。
[即学即用]
The__________(卡车)are parked in the parking lot.
答案：trucks
4.supply(名词)供应(量)，补给(品);(动词)供应，供给
[用法讲解] supply为可数名词，其复数形式为supplies;supply作动词时，还可译为"满足，补充".
Eg: The water supply to the house was cut off.
这栋房子的水供应被切断了。
The army's supplies were running low.
军队的补给品快用完了。
The company supplies electricity to the whole city.
这家公司向全市供电。
The new policy is designed to supply the needs of the poor.
这项新政策旨在满足穷人的需求。
[常见搭配] supply with/ to ... 向某人/某处提供某物
in short supply 供应不足，短缺
Eg: We supplied them with money and clothes.
我们供给他们金钱和衣服。
Fresh water is in short supply in some desert areas.
在一些沙漠地区，淡水供应不足。
[派生词] supplier为名词，译为"供应商".
Eg: We are looking for reliable suppliers of high-quality materials.
我们正在寻找可靠的高质量材料供应商。
[易混辨析] supply,provide与offer区别：
supply侧重于提供日常必需品，物资，资源等，常涉及大量，持续的供给，常与with/to连用；
provide所提供的物品或服务较为泛指，不强调主动或意愿；
offer强调主动"提出，给予"帮助，机会，建议等，带有主观意愿。
Eg: The company supplies water to the whole city.
这家公司为整座城市供水。
The hotel provides guests with free breakfast.
酒店为客人提供免费早餐。
He offered me a cup of tea.
他主动给我倒了杯茶。
[即学即用]
( )The government has done a lot to_____the homeless help.
A.offer B.provide C.supply D.consider
答案：A
5.preparation(名词)准备(工作)，预备
[用法讲解] preparation为可数名词，其复数形式为preparations.
Eg: The preparation for the wedding took months.
婚礼的准备工作花了数月时间。
Sample preparation is critical in scientific experiments.
样品制备在科学实验中至关重要。
[常见搭配] make preparations 做准备
in preparation for... 为...做准备
in preparation 正在准备中
Eg: We should make preparations for potential power outages.
我们应为可能停电做好准备。
The team trained daily in preparation for the championship.
球队每天训练以备战锦标赛。
The new product is in preparation for the market launch.
新产品正在为上市做准备。
[派生词] prepare为动词，译为"为...做准备";
prepared为形容词，译为"准备好的".
Eg: I am preparing for the exam.
我正在为考试做准备。
She is well - prepared for the interview.
她为面试做好了充分准备。
[即学即用]
1.The team is training daily in___________(prepare) for the championship.
2.我们正在为下周末我姐姐的生日派对做准备。
We are__________________for my sister's birthday party next weekend.
答案：1.preparation 2. making preparations
6.power(名词)电力供应，能量，力量
[用法讲解] power作名词，还可译为"权力，影响力，功率"等；power还可作动词，译为"驱动，推动，提供动力".
Eg: The government has the power to change laws.
政府有权力改变法律。
The solar panel converts sunlight into electrical power.
太阳能电池板将阳光转化为电能。
Who said literature has no real power to affect history
谁说文学对历史没有影响力。
The engine has a power of 200 horsepower.
这台发动机的功率是200马力。
The aircraft is powered by a jet engine.
这架飞机由喷气发动机驱动。
The engine powers the car.
发动机为汽车提供动力。
[常见搭配] have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事
in power 执政的，掌权的
beyond one's power 超出某人的能力范围
power cut 停电
be powered by ... 由...提供动力
Eg: She has the power to influence others.
她有能力影响他人。
The party in power is facing many challenges.
执政党正面临许多挑战。
It's beyond my power to lift this heavy box.
我抬不起这个沉重的箱子，这超出了我的能力范围。
There was a power cut last night.
昨晚停电了。
The car is powered by an electric motor.
这辆车由电动机驱动。
[派生词]powerful为形容词，译为"强大的，有力的，有影响力的";
powerless为形容词，译为"无力的，无权力的".
Eg: The powerful engine can accelerate the car quickly.
这台强大的发动机可以让汽车迅速加速。
He felt powerless to change the situation.
他感到无力改变这种情况。
[即学即用]
冰箱的食物在停电期间划开了。
The food in the freezer had thawed during a _______________.
答案：power cut
7.soundly(副词)(睡觉)酣畅地，可靠地，完全彻底地
[用法讲解] soundly在句中常用来修饰动词。
Eg: The baby slept soundly through the storm.
婴儿在暴风雨中酣睡未醒。
The team was soundly defeated in the final.
球队在决赛中被彻底击败。
The research is soundly based on experimental data.
这项研究以实验数据为可靠依据。
These houses are soundly built to withstand earthquakes.
这些房子建造坚固，能抵御地震。
[派生词] sound为动词，译为"听起来";
sound还可为名词，译为"声音".
soundness为名词，译为"健全，稳固，可靠".
Eg: The music sounds wonderful.
这首音乐听起来很棒。
The soundness of the financial system is crucial for the stability of the entire economy.
金融体系的健全对于整个经济的稳定至关重要。
[易混辨析] soundly与thoroughly区别：
soundly表示彻底性时，有一种稳健，扎实的感觉；
thoroughly更强调全面，彻底，没有遗漏。
Eg: The company has developed soundly over the years, building a solid foundation for its future.
多年来，公司稳健发展，为未来打下了坚实的基础。
We need to clean the room thoroughly before the guests arrive.
在客人到来之前，我们需要把房间彻底打扫干净。
[即学即用]
Last night, I was so tired that I slept__________(sound) until morning, I didn't even hear the alarm clock.
答案：soundly
8.thick(形容词)厚的，浓密的
[用法讲解] thick为形容词，还可译为"粗的，口音重的，密切的";thick还可为副词，译为"宓集地，大量地".
Eg: The wall is quite thick.
这面墙相当厚。
The forest is thick with trees.
森林里树木浓密。
The soup is thick and delicious.
这汤很浓，味道很美。
I can't understand him because of his thick accent.
由于他口音太重，我听不懂他的话。
They are thick as thieves.
他们亲密无间。
Rain fell thick and fast.
雨又大又急地落下来。
[常见搭配] be thick with... 充满...的；布满...的
through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦
Eg: The air was thick with smoke.
空气中充满了烟雾。
They have stayed together through thick and thin.
他们同甘共苦，一直在一起。
[派生词] thickness为名词，译为"厚度";
thickly为副词，译为"浓密地".
Eg: We measured the thickness of the wall.
我们测量了墙的厚度。
The leaves are growing thickly on the tree.
树上叶子长得很浓密。
[即学即用]
She handed me a t_________ book full of illustrations.
答案：thick
9.beat(动词)敲，打
[用法讲解] beat作动词，还可译为"(心脏等)跳动，打败，搅拌，吹打，避免"，其过去式为 beat，过去分词为beat;beat还可为名词，译为"节拍，(鼓的)一击，管区".
Eg: Someone was beating at the door.
有人在敲门。
I felt my heart beating faster.
我感觉我的心跳得更快了。
Our team beat theirs in the basketball game.
在篮球比赛中，我们队打败了他们队。
Beat the eggs and sugar together until fluffy.
把鸡蛋和糖搅拌在一起，直到蓬松。
Rain was beating against the windows.
雨打在窗户上。
We need to beat the traffic if we want to arrive on time.
如果我们想按时到达，就得避开交通拥堵。
Dancers moved to the beat of the music.
舞者随着音乐的节拍舞动。
The drummer gave a strong beat.
鼓手重重地敲了一下鼓。
The officer is on his beat.
那位警察正在他的巡逻区执勤。
[常见搭配] beat about/ around the bush拐弯抹角
beat the clock 赶时间
beat it 滚开，离开
Eg: Stop beating around the bush and tell me the truth.
别拐弯抹角了，告诉我真相。
We have to beat the clock to finish the project.
我们得赶时间完成这个项目。
Beat it! I don't want to see you here.
滚开!我不想在这儿看到你。
[派生词] beating为名词，译为"殴打，敲击声";
beatable为形容词，译为"可打败的".
Eg: He received a severe beating.
他遭到了严重殴打。
Our team is beatable.
我们队是有可能被打败的。
[易混辨析] beat与hit区别：
beat强调有节奏地，连续地击打，常与鼓，心脏等搭配，也可表示在比赛中打败对手；
hit侧重于一次性的，有力的击打，对象可以是各种事物。
Eg: The drummer beats the drum regularly.
鼓手有节奏地敲鼓。
He hit the ball hard.
他用力击球。
[即学即用]
He b_______ the drum loudly to attract attention.
答案：beat
10.hide(动词)躲藏，隐蔽
[用法讲解] hide的过去式为hid，过去分词为hidden.
Eg: The cat hid under the bed when it heard the loud noise.
猫听到巨大的噪音时，躲到了床底下。
He tried to hide his disappointment when he didn't get the job.
他没得到那份工作时，试图隐瞒自己的失望。
[常见搭配]hide from sb./ sth. 躲避某人/某事
hide the truth/ facts 隐瞒真相/事实
hide and seek 做迷藏
hide one's head in the sand 躲避现实
hide the light of day 完全隐藏，不见天
Eg: The child hid from the teacher after breaking the vase.
打碎花瓶后，孩子躲着老师。
He tried to hide the truth about his past.
他试图隐瞒自己的过去。
The kids played hide and seek in the garden.
孩子们在花园里玩捉迷藏。
Don't hide your head in the sand -- face the problem!
不要躲避现实--面对问题吧!
The evidence was hidden from the light of day.
证据被完全隐藏了。
[派生词] hider为名词，译为"躲藏者";
hidden为形容词，译为"隐藏的，隐蔽的".
Eg:The hider ran away when spotted.
躲藏者被发现后逃跑了。
The poem has a hidden meaning.
这首诗有隐含意义。
[即学即用]
The thief h_______ the stolen goods in a secret place.
答案：hid
11.tornado(名词)龙卷风，旋风
[用法讲解] tornado为可数名词，其复数形式为 tornadoes或tornados.
Eg: A tornado touched down near the town, causing widespread damage.
一场龙卷风在小镇附近登陆，造成大面积破坏。
[派生词] tornadic为形容词，译为"龙卷风的".
Eg: The tornadic winds caused extensive damage to the crops in the area.
龙卷风的风力对该地区的农作物造成了广泛破坏。
[即学即用]
Several ____________(龙卷风)have been reported in the region this week.
答案：tornadoes
12.worst(形容词/副词)最坏(的)，最糟(的)
[用法讲解] worse还可看作副词badly的最高级形式，译为"最坏地，最糟糕地".
Eg: This is the worst meal I've ever had.
这是我吃过最差的一顿饭。
She performed worst of all in the singing competition.
她在歌唱比赛中表现最差。
[常见搭配] in the worst case 在最坏的情况下
for the worst 向更坏的方面发展
the worst of it 最糟糕的是
Eg: In the worst case, we might have to cancel the event.
在最坏的情况下，我们可能不得不取消活动。
The situation is turning for the worst.
情况正在向更坏的方向发展。
I've had the worst of it, I can't take any more.
我已经受够了最糟糕的部分，我再也受不了了。
[即学即用]
The traffic was at its__________(bad) during rush hours.
答案：worst
13.schoolgirl(名词)(学校的)女生
[用法讲解] schoolgirl为可数名词，其复数形式为schoolgirls.
Eg: The schoolgirl was reading a book under the tree during the break.
课间休息时，那个女学生在树下看书。
[即学即用]
The___________(女学生)sat at the desk, focused on solving a difficult math problem.
答案：schoolgirl
14.froth(名词)泡，泡沫
[用法讲解] froth为可数名词，其复数形式为froths;froth还可为动词，译为"(使)起泡沫，激动".
Eg: The froth on the cappuccino looked like a delicate cloud.
卡布奇诺的泡沫宛如一朵轻柔的云。
The waves frothed as they crashed onto the shoreline, tickling my toes.
海浪在岸边泛起泡沫，轻触我的脚趾。
She frothed at the mouth when her flight got canceled.
她航班被取消时气得暴跳如雷。
[常见搭配] froth at the mouth 口吐白沫，暴跳如雷
be all froth 空洞无物
Eg: The rabid dog frothed at the mouth.
疯狗口吐白沫。
He frothed at the mouth when he heard the bad news.
他听到这个坏消息时暴跳如雷。
His speech was all froth and no substance.
他的演讲空洞无物，毫无实质内容。
[派生词] frothy为形容词，译为"泡沫的，空洞的".
Eg:The frothy waves crashed against the shore.
泡沫般的海浪冲向岸边。
His speech was full of frothy remarks.
他的演讲充满了空洞的言论。
[即学即用]
The beer________(泡沫) on the top of the glass looks so inviting.
答案：froth
15.refuse(动词)拒绝，退却
[用法讲解] refuse还可为名词，译为"垃圾".
Eg: She refused his invitation.
她拒绝了他的邀请。
The town made a weekly collection of refuse.
该镇每周收一次垃圾。
[常见搭配] refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
Eg: He refused to answer the question.
他拒绝回答问题。
[派生词] refusal为名词，译为"拒绝，推却".
Eg: His refusal to cooperate caused many problems.
他拒绝合作导致了很多问题。
[即学即用]
He refused_____________(comment) after the trial.
答案：to comment
16.security(名词)安全，保安，保障
[用法讲解] security为不可数名词时，译为"安全，安全感，安全保障";security为可数名词时，译为"证券";security还可为形容词，译为"安全的，保安的，保密的".
Eg: We need to improve the security of our computer system.
我们需要提高我们计算机系统的安全性。
He invested a large amount of money in securities.
他大量投资于证券。
We need a security system to protect our home from burglars.
我们需要一个安全系统来保护我们的家免受窃贼入侵。
[常见搭配] in security 安全地，处于安全状态
security against/ from 防止...的安全措施，对...的防范
national security 国家安全
personal security 个人安全
security check 安检
security guard 保安人员
Eg:They crossed the street in security at the pedestrian crossing.
他们在人行横道处安全地穿过了马路。
We need better security against theft. 我
们需要更好的防盗措施。
The government has taken a series of measures to strengthen national security.
政府采取了一系列措施来加强国家安全。
People should pay more attention to their personal security when traveling alone.
人们独自旅行时应该更加注意个人安全。
All passengers must go through a security check before boarding the plane.
所有乘客登机前都必须经过安检。
The security guards are patrolling the building to ensure safety.
保安人员正在大楼里巡逻以确保安全。
[派生词] secure为形容词，译为"安全的，可靠的，稳固的";
insecure为形容词，译为"不安全的，无把握的，心神不安的".
Eg: The school provides a secure environment for students to learn and grow.
学校为学生提供了一个安全的学习和成长环境。
He is always insecure about his abilities, even though he is very talented.
尽管他很有天赋，但他总是对自己的能力缺乏自信。
[即学即用]
We need to ensure the__________(secure) of our food supply.
答案：security
17.guard(名词)卫兵，保卫；(动词)保卫
[用法讲解] guard为可数名词，其复数形式为guards，还可译为"防护物，警戒队";guard作动词，还可译为"防范，警惕".
Eg: The guard at the gate stopped us and asked for identification.
门口的警卫拦住我们，要求出示证件。
Make sure the guard on the machine is in place before you start it.
启动机器前，确保机器上的防护装置已安装在位。
The soldiers are on guard.
士兵们处在警戒状态。
The soldiers guard the border to prevent illegal entry.
士兵们守卫边境，防止非法入境。
We should guard against theft when travelling.
旅行时我们应该防范盗窃。
[常见搭配] security guard 保安人员
guard against 防范，警惕
guard over 看守，守护
Eg: The security guards are patrolling the building to ensure safety.
保安人员正在大楼里巡逻以确保安全。
We should guard against online fraud.
我们应该防范网络诈骗。
The dog guards over the house at night.
晚上，狗守护着房子。
[派生词] guardian为名词，译为"守护者，监护人".
Eg:Parents are the legal guardians of their children.
父母是子女的法定监护人。
[即学即用]
保安在入口处拦住了那个形迹可疑的男子。
The______________stopped the suspicious - looking man at the entrance.
答案：security guard
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