2026届高考英语二轮复习-语法填空之词性转换（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮复习-语法填空之词性转换（含答案） |
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| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 225.4KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-31 00:00:00 | ||
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2026高考英语·二轮复习
语法填空之词性转换
【核心知识·深度解读】
词性转换是语法填空的必考点，侧重在真实语境中运用派生、转化与合成法。本专题依据最新高考命题趋势，精选15道单句词汇转换、10道语境句子填空及3篇原创语法填空篇章，话题覆盖科技前沿、文化遗产、生态文明等，全方位提升构词敏感度与语境分析能力。
核心知识·高频构词规则
目标词性 常见后缀/前缀 真题高频例词
动词→名词 -tion, -sion, -ment, -ence, -ance, -ing, -ure achieve→achievement; predict→prediction; differ→difference
形容词→名词 -ness, -ity, -dom, -th responsible→responsibility; wide→width; free→freedom
名词→形容词 -al, -ous, -ic, -ful, -less, -able culture→cultural; glory→glorious; economy→economic
形容词→副词 -ly (特殊变化: true→truly, whole→wholly) remarkable→remarkably; efficient→efficiently
否定前缀 un-, in-/im-, dis-, mis- expected→unexpected; convenient→inconvenient
词汇练习题（
Instructions: 根据句意，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(每题1分，共15分)
1. The young entrepreneur’s ________ (persevere) finally paid off when his startup went public.
2. The newly launched eco-friendly packaging is fully ________ (recycle) and biodegradable.
3. Many international students are attracted by the ________ (diverse) of Chinese regional cuisines.
4. The professor gave a ________ (convince) lecture on the future of artificial intelligence ethics.
5. To ensure ________ (safe), the smart factory uses AI-powered sensors to monitor equipment in real time.
6. Her ________ (willing) to learn new skills impressed the hiring manager.
7. The documentary provides a ________ (comprehend) analysis of climate change impacts.
8. The ancient town has preserved its ________ (history) charm while embracing modern tourism.
9. The athlete’s ________ (inspire) story motivated millions of young people.
10. The government is promoting ________ (agriculture) innovation to ensure food security.
11. Misunderstandings often arise from a lack of ________ (communicate).
12. The company’s ________ (commit) to carbon neutrality was praised by environmental groups.
13. The painting was ________ (remarkable) well preserved despite its age.
14. The engineer offered a ________ (practice) solution to reduce energy consumption.
15. With the help of 5G technology, remote surgery has become ________ (increase) reliable.
词句题型（语境句子填空 ）
Instructions: 阅读下列句子，根据语境在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。(每空1.5分，共15分)
1. The ________ (innovate) design of the new energy vehicle has won several international awards.
2. Tourists were amazed by the ________ (beautiful) of the traditional Chinese garden.
3. To achieve sustainable development, we must shift from a linear economy to a ________ (circle) one.
4. The researcher presented her findings ________ (enthusiasm), sparking a lively discussion.
5. The ________ (major) of people support the policy of plastic waste reduction.
6. It was ________ (self) of him to donate his entire bonus to the children’s hospital.
7. The documentary reveals the ________ (hide) impact of fast fashion on the environment.
8. The ancient manuscript was ________ (profession) restored by a team of experts.
9. His ________ (refuse) to compromise made the negotiation extremely difficult.
10. The book explores the ________ (connect) between mental health and social media usage.
阅读题型 · 语法填空
Passage 1 · 科技向善：AI赋能教育
In recent years, artificial intelligence has brought about a 1. ________ (revolution) change in the education sector. Intelligent tutoring systems provide 2. ________ (person) learning paths for students, greatly enhancing 3. ________ (efficient). However, experts warn that the 4. ________ (apply) of AI must be guided by ethical principles to avoid 5. ________ (fair). A recent study showed that students who used AI-assisted tools showed a 6. ________ (notice) improvement in critical thinking skills. Teachers are encouraged to integrate technology 7. ________ (creative) into their lessons. The ultimate goal is to create an 8. ________ (include) environment where every learner can thrive. With proper 9. ________ (govern), AI will serve as a powerful assistant rather than a 10. ________ (replace) for human educators.
Passage 2 · 文化遗产：数字技术守护敦煌
The Dunhuang Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage site, are undergoing a 1. ________ (digit) preservation project. Using 3D scanning and virtual reality, researchers are creating 2. ________ (accuracy) replicas of the ancient murals. This initiative not only protects the 3. ________ (origin) artworks from environmental damage but also makes cultural heritage 4. ________ (access) to global audiences. The project is a 5. ________ (cooperate) effort involving Chinese and international experts. Visitors can now take a 6. ________ (virtue) tour and appreciate the 7. ________ (delicate) of the paintings up close. Such technological 8. ________ (intervene) ensure that future generations will still be able to admire these treasures. The success of this project demonstrates the 9. ________ (important) of combining tradition with innovation. It is a 10. ________ (meaning) step toward sustainable cultural conservation.
Passage 3 · 生态智慧：海绵城市建设
Sponge cities represent a new 1. ________ (ecology) approach to urban water management. By integrating green infrastructure such as rain gardens and permeable pavements, cities can 2. ________ (effective) reduce flooding risks. This concept, inspired by traditional Chinese 3. ________ (agriculture) practices, has gained 4. ________ (recognize) worldwide. In 2026, several pilot cities reported a 5. ________ (significance) decrease in waterlogging incidents. The 6. ________ (implement) of sponge city projects also improves urban biodiversity and 7. ________ (resident) quality of life. Experts emphasize that such nature-based solutions are both 8. ________ (economy) viable and environmentally 9. ________ (sustain). As climate change intensifies, the 10. ________ (adapt) of sponge city models will be crucial for future urban planning.
参考答案与核心解析
词汇练习题
1. perseverance 2. recyclable 3. diversity 4. convincing 5. safety 6. willingness 7. comprehensive 8. historical 9. inspiring 10. agricultural 11. communication 12. commitment 13. remarkably 14. practical 15. increasingly
解析重点： 第2题recyclable为形容词；第7题comprehensive为形容词；第12题commitment为名词；第14题practical为形容词；第15题increasingly为副词。
词句题型
1. innovative 2. beauty 3. circular 4. enthusiastically 5. majority 6. selfless 7. hidden 8. professionally 9. refusal 10. connection
解析： 第3题circular economy“循环经济”；第6题selfless“无私的”；第7题hidden“隐藏的”；第9题refusal为名词。
阅读题型
Passage 1： 1. revolutionary 2. personalized 3. efficiency 4. application 5. unfairness 6. noticeable 7. creatively 8. inclusive 9. governance 10. replacement
Passage 2： 1. digital 2. accurate 3. original 4. accessible 5. cooperative 6. virtual 7. delicacy 8. interventions 9. importance 10. meaningful
Passage 3： 1. ecological 2. effectively 3. agricultural 4. recognition 5. significant 6. implementation 7. residents’ 8. economically 9. sustainable 10. adoption
详细解析（部分）：
Passage 1: ① revolutionary change (形容词修饰名词); ⑤ unfairness (avoid + 名词); ⑧ inclusive environment (形容词); ⑩ replacement (冠词a + 名词).
Passage 2: ② accurate replicas (形容词); ④ accessible to (形容词短语); ⑦ delicacy (名词); ⑧ interventions (可数名词复数).
Passage 3: ① ecological approach (形容词); ⑧ economically viable (副词修饰形容词); ⑩ adoption (名词，指模式采纳).
二轮抢分策略·词性转换满分技巧
1. 词族串记法：将同一词根的动词、名词、形容词、副词归纳成表，如：sustain (v.) → sustainable (adj.) → sustainability (n.) → sustainably (adv.)。
2. 句法分析先行：先判断空格在句中的成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语），再锁定所需词性，最后结合构词规则变形。
3. 错题归因：区分“拼写错误”与“词性误用”，重点记忆不规则派生（如 wide→width, long→length, true→truly）。
4. 语篇强化：每日精练一篇语法填空，标注所有派生词，反复体会语境中的词性转换逻辑。
语法填空之词性转换
【核心知识·深度解读】
词性转换是语法填空的必考点，侧重在真实语境中运用派生、转化与合成法。本专题依据最新高考命题趋势，精选15道单句词汇转换、10道语境句子填空及3篇原创语法填空篇章，话题覆盖科技前沿、文化遗产、生态文明等，全方位提升构词敏感度与语境分析能力。
核心知识·高频构词规则
目标词性 常见后缀/前缀 真题高频例词
动词→名词 -tion, -sion, -ment, -ence, -ance, -ing, -ure achieve→achievement; predict→prediction; differ→difference
形容词→名词 -ness, -ity, -dom, -th responsible→responsibility; wide→width; free→freedom
名词→形容词 -al, -ous, -ic, -ful, -less, -able culture→cultural; glory→glorious; economy→economic
形容词→副词 -ly (特殊变化: true→truly, whole→wholly) remarkable→remarkably; efficient→efficiently
否定前缀 un-, in-/im-, dis-, mis- expected→unexpected; convenient→inconvenient
词汇练习题（
Instructions: 根据句意，用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(每题1分，共15分)
1. The young entrepreneur’s ________ (persevere) finally paid off when his startup went public.
2. The newly launched eco-friendly packaging is fully ________ (recycle) and biodegradable.
3. Many international students are attracted by the ________ (diverse) of Chinese regional cuisines.
4. The professor gave a ________ (convince) lecture on the future of artificial intelligence ethics.
5. To ensure ________ (safe), the smart factory uses AI-powered sensors to monitor equipment in real time.
6. Her ________ (willing) to learn new skills impressed the hiring manager.
7. The documentary provides a ________ (comprehend) analysis of climate change impacts.
8. The ancient town has preserved its ________ (history) charm while embracing modern tourism.
9. The athlete’s ________ (inspire) story motivated millions of young people.
10. The government is promoting ________ (agriculture) innovation to ensure food security.
11. Misunderstandings often arise from a lack of ________ (communicate).
12. The company’s ________ (commit) to carbon neutrality was praised by environmental groups.
13. The painting was ________ (remarkable) well preserved despite its age.
14. The engineer offered a ________ (practice) solution to reduce energy consumption.
15. With the help of 5G technology, remote surgery has become ________ (increase) reliable.
词句题型（语境句子填空 ）
Instructions: 阅读下列句子，根据语境在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。(每空1.5分，共15分)
1. The ________ (innovate) design of the new energy vehicle has won several international awards.
2. Tourists were amazed by the ________ (beautiful) of the traditional Chinese garden.
3. To achieve sustainable development, we must shift from a linear economy to a ________ (circle) one.
4. The researcher presented her findings ________ (enthusiasm), sparking a lively discussion.
5. The ________ (major) of people support the policy of plastic waste reduction.
6. It was ________ (self) of him to donate his entire bonus to the children’s hospital.
7. The documentary reveals the ________ (hide) impact of fast fashion on the environment.
8. The ancient manuscript was ________ (profession) restored by a team of experts.
9. His ________ (refuse) to compromise made the negotiation extremely difficult.
10. The book explores the ________ (connect) between mental health and social media usage.
阅读题型 · 语法填空
Passage 1 · 科技向善：AI赋能教育
In recent years, artificial intelligence has brought about a 1. ________ (revolution) change in the education sector. Intelligent tutoring systems provide 2. ________ (person) learning paths for students, greatly enhancing 3. ________ (efficient). However, experts warn that the 4. ________ (apply) of AI must be guided by ethical principles to avoid 5. ________ (fair). A recent study showed that students who used AI-assisted tools showed a 6. ________ (notice) improvement in critical thinking skills. Teachers are encouraged to integrate technology 7. ________ (creative) into their lessons. The ultimate goal is to create an 8. ________ (include) environment where every learner can thrive. With proper 9. ________ (govern), AI will serve as a powerful assistant rather than a 10. ________ (replace) for human educators.
Passage 2 · 文化遗产：数字技术守护敦煌
The Dunhuang Mogao Caves, a UNESCO World Heritage site, are undergoing a 1. ________ (digit) preservation project. Using 3D scanning and virtual reality, researchers are creating 2. ________ (accuracy) replicas of the ancient murals. This initiative not only protects the 3. ________ (origin) artworks from environmental damage but also makes cultural heritage 4. ________ (access) to global audiences. The project is a 5. ________ (cooperate) effort involving Chinese and international experts. Visitors can now take a 6. ________ (virtue) tour and appreciate the 7. ________ (delicate) of the paintings up close. Such technological 8. ________ (intervene) ensure that future generations will still be able to admire these treasures. The success of this project demonstrates the 9. ________ (important) of combining tradition with innovation. It is a 10. ________ (meaning) step toward sustainable cultural conservation.
Passage 3 · 生态智慧：海绵城市建设
Sponge cities represent a new 1. ________ (ecology) approach to urban water management. By integrating green infrastructure such as rain gardens and permeable pavements, cities can 2. ________ (effective) reduce flooding risks. This concept, inspired by traditional Chinese 3. ________ (agriculture) practices, has gained 4. ________ (recognize) worldwide. In 2026, several pilot cities reported a 5. ________ (significance) decrease in waterlogging incidents. The 6. ________ (implement) of sponge city projects also improves urban biodiversity and 7. ________ (resident) quality of life. Experts emphasize that such nature-based solutions are both 8. ________ (economy) viable and environmentally 9. ________ (sustain). As climate change intensifies, the 10. ________ (adapt) of sponge city models will be crucial for future urban planning.
参考答案与核心解析
词汇练习题
1. perseverance 2. recyclable 3. diversity 4. convincing 5. safety 6. willingness 7. comprehensive 8. historical 9. inspiring 10. agricultural 11. communication 12. commitment 13. remarkably 14. practical 15. increasingly
解析重点： 第2题recyclable为形容词；第7题comprehensive为形容词；第12题commitment为名词；第14题practical为形容词；第15题increasingly为副词。
词句题型
1. innovative 2. beauty 3. circular 4. enthusiastically 5. majority 6. selfless 7. hidden 8. professionally 9. refusal 10. connection
解析： 第3题circular economy“循环经济”；第6题selfless“无私的”；第7题hidden“隐藏的”；第9题refusal为名词。
阅读题型
Passage 1： 1. revolutionary 2. personalized 3. efficiency 4. application 5. unfairness 6. noticeable 7. creatively 8. inclusive 9. governance 10. replacement
Passage 2： 1. digital 2. accurate 3. original 4. accessible 5. cooperative 6. virtual 7. delicacy 8. interventions 9. importance 10. meaningful
Passage 3： 1. ecological 2. effectively 3. agricultural 4. recognition 5. significant 6. implementation 7. residents’ 8. economically 9. sustainable 10. adoption
详细解析（部分）：
Passage 1: ① revolutionary change (形容词修饰名词); ⑤ unfairness (avoid + 名词); ⑧ inclusive environment (形容词); ⑩ replacement (冠词a + 名词).
Passage 2: ② accurate replicas (形容词); ④ accessible to (形容词短语); ⑦ delicacy (名词); ⑧ interventions (可数名词复数).
Passage 3: ① ecological approach (形容词); ⑧ economically viable (副词修饰形容词); ⑩ adoption (名词，指模式采纳).
二轮抢分策略·词性转换满分技巧
1. 词族串记法：将同一词根的动词、名词、形容词、副词归纳成表，如：sustain (v.) → sustainable (adj.) → sustainability (n.) → sustainably (adv.)。
2. 句法分析先行：先判断空格在句中的成分（主语、宾语、定语、状语），再锁定所需词性，最后结合构词规则变形。
3. 错题归因：区分“拼写错误”与“词性误用”，重点记忆不规则派生（如 wide→width, long→length, true→truly）。
4. 语篇强化：每日精练一篇语法填空，标注所有派生词，反复体会语境中的词性转换逻辑。