(共97张PPT)
UNIT 4
头脑风暴·思维发散
Our life is filled with sunshine and rain. Not
everything goes smoothly. We may be confronted with
adversity. If that happens,what should we do？We should
face up to the difficulty and never give up. Be persistent
and positive,and we will be successful.
Part 1
核心考点突破
自主预习·课前清障
阅读单词
1.crush vt. __________________
n. ____________
毁坏；压坏；压碎
拥挤的人群
2.resilience n. __________________
3.cupboard n. ___________________
4.hardship n. ___________________
5.adversity n. ___________________
韧性；恢复力
橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
艰难，困苦
困境；逆境
6.dilemma n. _____________________________
7.blanket n. ______________________________
8.setback n. ______________________________
9.voyage n.& vi. _________________________
passion n. ______________________________
11.decent adj. ____________________________
12.dauntless adj. _____________________________
进退两难的困境
毯子
挫折；阻碍
航海;航行
同情；怜悯
相当不错的；正派的；得体的
无畏的
13.crew
n. ___________________________________________________
14.criterion n. ______________________
15.bark vi.& n. _________________
16.ethics n. _______________________
(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
标准；准则；原则
(狗)吠叫；吠叫声
伦理学；道德准则
17.bat n. ______________________
vi.& vt. ________________________
球拍；蝙蝠
用球板击球；挥打；拍打
18.temperance n. _______________________
节制
核心单词
1. ________ adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
2. ______ adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
3. __________ n.义务；职责
4. ______ n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌
aboard
bitter
obligation
envy
5. ______ vt.同意；准许
n.拨款
grant
6. _________ vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
abandon
7. _______ adj.勇敢的
8. ______ adj.不乐观的；黯淡的
9. __________ n.娱乐；消遣；游戏
10. _______ adj.潮湿的；湿气重的
daring
bleak
recreation
damp
运用词汇
1.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→ _______________ adv.热
情地;热心地→ ___________ n.热情;热心
2.necessity n.必需品→ __________ adj.必要的；必需的
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
necessary
3.qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→
________ vt.& vi.(使)具备资格;(使)合格→ ____________ n.资
格；资历
qualify
qualification
4.endurance n.忍耐力；耐久力→ ________ vt.容忍;忍耐
endure
5.tense adj.紧张的→ ________ n.紧张关系；焦虑
6.miserable adj.痛苦的；令人难受的→ __________ adv.痛苦地;
令人难受地→ ________ n.痛苦；悲惨
7.assign vt.分派；布置；分配→ ___________ n.分配；任务；
作业
8.hesitate vi.犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→ __________ n.踌躇；犹豫
9.perseverance n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神→ __________ vi.
坚持;孜孜以求
tension
miserably
misery
assignment
hesitation
persevere
10.adventure n.冒险，奇遇→ ____________ adj.勇于冒险的；
爱冒险的
11.cruel adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→ ________ adv.残酷地
→ ________ n.残酷;残忍
12.expect vt.期望；预料vi.期待；预期→ ___________ n.期待；
预料；预期
13.fortunately adv.幸运地→ _____________ adv.不幸地；遗憾
地→ __________ adj.幸运的→ ________ n.运气；幸运
adventurous
cruelly
cruelty
expectation
unfortunately
fortunate
fortune
14.predict vt.预言，预测→ __________ n.预测；预报
15.resolve vi.& vt.决定;决心;解决(问题或困难) n.决心;坚定的
信念→ __________ n.决议;解决;坚定
prediction
resolution
重点词块
1. _____________________ 对……充满热情
2. _________________ 极度渴望
3. ______________ 拒绝(某人)
4. ___________________________ 使梦想成为现实
5. ___________ 上船
6. ________ 实验；考验
be enthusiastic about
be desperate for
turn sb down
make one’s dream a reality
go aboard
try out
7. _________ 坚持住;别挂断
8. ___________ 不能按时完成(工作)
9. ____________ 扔掉
10. ___________________ 尽我所能做某事
11. ______________________ 越来越糟糕
12. ____________________ 成功做某事
13. ___________________ 指派某人做某事
14. ___________ 尽管；虽然；不顾
hold on
fall behind
throw away
do my part for sth
go from bad to worse
succeed in doing sth
assign sb to do sth
in spite of
重点句型
1.山顶上矗立着一座古庙。(完全倒装)
______________________________ an ancient temple.
On top of the mountain stands
2.碰巧火车晚点了，所以我不得不在车站多等了两个小时。
(It happened that...)
______________________________________,so I had to wait
for two extra hours at the station.
It happened that the train was delayed
3.景色太美了，我们拍了几十张照片。(so...that...)
The view was _________________ we took dozens of photos.
so beautiful that
4.她年纪太小，无法理解这个复杂的情况。(too...to...)
She was ________________________ the complicated
situation.
too young to understand
5.如果没有昨晚那场雨，庄稼会在这场干旱中枯死。(含蓄条件句)
Without the rain last night,the crops _________________ in
this drought.
would have died
学习理解·语篇解构
［教师备用］
多维解读·深度剖析
down
discovered
meals
help
hope
chance
精研细读·深层理解
1.Why was Perce Blackborow turned down when he applied
to join the expedition ( )
A
A.Because he was too young and wasn’t qualified.
B.Because he had no experience.
C.Because he had no perseverance.
D.Because they needed no more hands.
2.How did Shackleton feel when the Endurance
sank ( )
C
A.Panic. B.Surprised.
C.Calm. D.Unconcerned.
3.Why did Shackleton allow Hussey to keep his
banjo ( )
A.Because it was very valuable.
B.Because it took up little space.
C.Because it would never sink.
D.Because it could cheer them up.
D
4.What kind of people are Frank and Shackleton ( )
B
A.Selfish and bad-tempered.
B.Caring and strong-willed.
C.Creative and responsible.
D.Adventurous and adaptable.
5.What does the passage mainly tell us ( )
C
A.Perce Blackborow admired Shackleton very much.
B.Shackleton took Perce Blackborow to the ship.
C.Perce Blackborow’s diary entries about the great
expedition.
D.Perce Blackborow missed his mother very much.
核心知识·深入探究
1.turn down 拒绝(提议、建议或提议人)；把……调低；关小
This time,she turned down the fire so that the meal was
cooked nicely.
这一次，她把火关小了，所以这顿饭做得很好。
I would appreciate it if you could turn the volume down.
如果你将音量调低，我将不胜感激。
How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you
have been out of work for months
你好几个月没有工作了，怎么能拒绝一份这么好的工作 #3.1
归 纳 拓 展 turn up 到达；露面；偶然出现；调高(音量等)
turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开
turn off 关掉；截断(电流、煤气、水等)
turn in 上交；提交;交还
turn back (使)原路返回，往回走
turn to 向……求助；转向;翻到
turn over 翻身；翻转；移交
turn out 结果是，证明是；生产；出席(某项活动);在场
如果宾语为代词，需要把代词放在turn与down之间。
(1)句子语法填空
①He promised that he would come,but he did not turn
____ until midnight.
②She forgot to turn ____ the radio and thus missed the
programme.
up
on
(2)完成句子
③他拒绝了我的建议，把生意移交给了他的女儿。
He _____________ my suggestion and ____________ the
business to his daughter.
turned down
turned over
④当我向他求助时，他却毫不犹豫地拒绝了我，这让我快要哭了。
When I _______________________,it ___________ that he
_________________ without hesitation,which put me on the
verge of crying.
turned to him for help
turned out
turned me down
2.qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格
qualification n.资格；资历
(2023·全国乙卷)She qualified as a surgeon in 1813，then
joined the British Army，serving overseas.
她于1813年获得外科医生资格，然后加入英国军队，在海外服
役。
There is a growing need for qualified teachers of Business
English.
对合格的商务英语教师的需求日益增长。
What makes you think you are qualified for this job
你为何认为自己适合这份工作 #1.3.1
归 纳 拓 展 ·be qualified for sth 有资格获得某物;能胜任某事
be qualified to do sth 有资格做某事
·qualify sb to do sth 使某人有资格做某事
qualify sb as...使某人有资格成为……
qualify sb for...使某人合格；使某人有资格……
表示“胜任……”的其他短语有be equal to、be fit for、be
adequate to等。
(1)句子语法填空
①This training course will qualify you ____ a better job.
②To tell the truth，I don’t know much about it，so I am
not qualified _________(make) any comment on it.
③The young girl has _____________ (qualify) to teach
English.
for
to make
qualifications
(2)句型转换
④He is looking for a person who is qualified to do the job.
→He is looking for a person _______________________.
(用形容词短语改写)
qualified to do the job
3.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地
enthusiasm n.热情；热心
enthusiast n.热心者；爱好者
Camping is a great way to meet the locals as they
themselves are enthusiastic campers.
野营是与当地居民接触的好途径，因为他们本身就是热情的露
营者。
He was always enthusiastic about helping others.
他总是热心帮助他人。
You’ll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the
job.
你要让他们相信你对这份工作的热情。#6.1
归 纳 拓 展 ·be enthusiastic about(doing)...对(做)……充满热情
·with enthusiasm(=enthusiastically) 热情地
be full of enthusiasm for...充满对……的热情
enthusiasm for (doing) sth 对(做)某事的热情
(1)句子语法填空
①The resort is popular among ski ___________
(enthusiastic).
②Today，I am just as enthusiastic _______ my job as the
day I first started.
③She talked _______________ (enthusiastic) on the joys of
having a large family.
enthusiasts
about
enthusiastically
(2)完成句子
④她从未失去过教书的热忱。
She never lost her _______________________.
enthusiasm for teaching
4.aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
After five hours of waiting,travellers finally went aboard
the ship.
等了5个小时后，游客终于上了船。
Little Tom and the sailors spent two months aboard.
小汤姆和水手们在船上待了两个月。
All aboard!The flight is about to take off.
请大家登机!航班马上就要起飞了。#3.1
归 纳 拓 展 be aboard a/the train/bus/plane 上火车/公共汽车/飞机
go aboard 上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)
All aboard! 请大家上船(飞机、火车、公共汽车等)!
Welcome aboard!欢迎乘坐！
on board 在船(火车、飞机)上
注意区别以下四个词形相近的单词：aboard、abroad、
board与broad。
词语 辨析
aboard adv.& prep.在(船、火车、飞机等)上;上
(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
abroad adv.在国外;到国外
board v.上船(火车、飞机、公共汽车等)；寄宿 n.木
板；膳食；董事会
broad adj.广阔的;宽阔的；广泛的；概括的
(1)语境选词填空(aboard/abroad/board/broad)
①The moment he was about to go ________ the ship，he
found that he had left his ticket home.
②Although living ________ for years,many Chinese still
observe traditional Chinese customs.
aboard
abroad
③All passengers must be in possession of a valid ticket
before _________ the train.
④With a kind heart and _______ mind，he is sure to go
further in his career.
boarding
broad
(2)完成句子
⑤他们是最后两个上船的人。
They were the last two to ______________________________
____.
go aboard the ship/board the
ship
⑥欢迎乘坐我们的轮船，很高兴能跟大家一起度过这一天美好
的时光。
_________________________and it’s a pleasure to spend the
day with you all.
Welcome aboard our ship
5.assign vt.分派；布置；分配
assignment n.分配；任务；作业
Later in the year，she’ll assign them research papers/assign
research papers to them.
今年晚些时候，她将给他们布置研究论文。
Which police officer has been assigned to this case
哪一位警官被指派负责该案件
They’ve assigned the best man to do the job.
他们指派了最优秀的人做这项工作。#1.3.1
归 纳 拓 展 assign sb sth(=assign sth to sb)给某人布置/分派某事
assign sb to do sth布置/分派某人做某事
be assigned to sb/sth 被指派/被分配给……
assign sb to...分配/指派某人到(某个岗位、某项工作等)
(1)句子语法填空
①His son _____________ (assign) to work at a county
hospital after graduation.
②You will need to complete three written ____________
(assign) per semester.
was assigned
assignments
(2)完成句子
③总经理派他去指导这栋大楼的建设。
The general manager ______________________ the
construction of the building.
assigned him to guide
④这两间大教室被分配给了我们。
The two large classrooms _________________________.
have been assigned to us
6.envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌
enviable adj.令人羡慕的
envious adj.羡慕的；妒忌的
He will have a chance of visiting Guilin. We all envy him
his good fortune.
他将有机会游览桂林，我们都很羡慕他的好运。
They looked with envy at her latest purchase.
他们羡慕地看着她最近买到的东西。
They only say such unkind things about you out of envy.
他们纯粹出于妒忌才说你的坏话。#5.1
归 纳 拓 展 ·be/become the envy of sb 成为某人羡慕/妒忌的对象
with envy 羡慕地；嫉妒地
out of envy 出于羡慕；出于嫉妒
feel envy at 对……妒忌
·envy sb (for) sth 羡慕/妒忌某人有某物
envy sb doing sth 羡慕/妒忌某人做某事
·be envious of 羡慕/妒忌……
句子语法填空
①If you have no selfish motives，you will not be suspicious
and envious ___others.
②My friends were green _____ envy when I bought a new
car.
③She always envies me ____ my curly hair.
of
with
for
7.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n.放纵
abandoned adj.被抛弃的;废弃的;放纵的
Playing computer games is harmful to your health. Don’t
abandon yourself to this kind of pleasure.
玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。不要沉迷于这种快乐。
By no means shall we abandon searching for the missing
people.
我们绝不会放弃寻找失踪者。
(2022·全国乙卷)The one in the new environment should be
sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
身处新环境的人应该对你的朋友可能会感到被抛弃这一事实表
示同情。#1.3.1
归 纳 拓 展 ·abandon (doing) sth 放弃/停止(做)某事
abandon oneself to...沉湎于某事；陷入(某种情感)
be abandoned to (doing)...沉湎于(做)……
·with abandon 恣意地;放纵地
以上短语中的to都是介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式。
(1)句子语法填空
①During the festival people jumped and shouted _____
abandon and they enjoyed their life to the fullest.
②They abandoned _________(carry) out the plan because of
the lack of money.
with
carrying
(2)一句多译
他在业余时间沉迷于阅读各种各样的书，很少有机会和朋友聚
在一起。
③He ___________________________ all kinds of books in
his spare time and seldom has a chance to get together
with his friends.(abandon oneself to)
abandons himself to reading
④He ________________________ all kinds of books in his
spare time and seldom has a chance to get together with
his friends.(be abandoned to)
is abandoned to reading
⑤ __________________________________________________
all kinds of books in his spare time，he seldom has a
chance to get together with his friends.(非谓语动词)
Abandoned to reading/Abandoning himself to reading
8.resolve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n.决心；坚
定的信念
resolution n.决议；解决；坚定
(2022·全国甲卷)It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any
better at resolving.
这是一场我们无法更好地解决的冲突。
From that moment she resolved to trace the unknown
element.
从那时起，她决心找出这种未知的元素。
The difficulties in my study merely strengthened my
resolve.
学习中的困难只会让我更加坚定。#1.3.1
归 纳 拓 展 ·weaken/strengthen/test one’s resolve
削弱/增强/考验某人的决心
·resolve (not) to do sth 决定(不)做某事
resolve on (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
·make a resolution 下决心；制订计划
(1)句子语法填空
①I have resolved __________ (assign) the most challenging
task to Tom—a hard-working and enthusiastic man.
②Now the number of students who resolve ____ studying
abroad after graduation is on the decrease.
③Perhaps you could start your __________ (resolve) by
finding the source of the problem.
to assign
on
resolution
(2)完成句子
④文化遗产代表我们祖先的智慧，因此我们国家决定不遗余力
地保护它们。
Cultural relics represent the wisdom of our ancestors,so
_______________________________________________________
__.
our country has resolved to spare no effort to protect them
1.“too...to...”结构
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Young people are too busy to interact
with nature.
年轻人太忙了，没有时间接触大自然。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)It is never too late for people to start
taking exercise.
只要人们开始锻炼就永远都不晚。
完成句子
①孤身一人去森林里探险太危险了，尤其是现在下着大雨。
It is __________________________________alone especially
when it is raining heavily now.
too dangerous to explore the forest
②你做作业时越细心越好。
You ____________________ to do your homework.
can’t be too careful
③听到这个好消息我非常高兴。
I’m _____________________ the good news.
only too glad to hear
2.含蓄条件句
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)She would have struggled with extreme
pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s
help.
如果没有贝利的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那
个援助检查站。
Without your help,finishing the task ahead of time would
be impossible.
没有你的帮助，提前完成任务是不可能的。
Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat,Earth would
be freezing cold at night.
如果没有空气留住太阳的一些热量，地球的夜晚将会非常寒
冷。
I didn’t catch the bus,or I would not have missed the
wonderful film.
我没有赶上公共汽车，否则我不会错过这部精彩的电影。#4.1
完成句子
①如果没有你的建议，我可能会犯下大错。
_______________________________________，I would make
a big mistake.
Without your advice/But for your advice
②幸运的是，我参加了采摘活动。要不然，我就体会不到劳动
的乐趣了。
Fortunately，I participated in the picking activity.
Otherwise， ____________________________________________
________.
I could not have experienced the joy of
working
③没有你的帮助，我的中文不可能进步得这么快，我也不可能
如此享受在这里的生活。
Without your help，my Chinese _______________________
so quickly and I ______________________my life here so
much，either.
couldn’t have improved
couldn’t have enjoyed
④真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，要不然我们本可以在一起度过
一段愉快的时光。
What a pity! You missed the sightseeing，or we
____________________________ together.
would have had a good time
进阶提升·写作微练
人物心理描写(悲伤、绝望)
1.in the sea of sorrow 在悲伤的海洋中
2.fall into despair 陷入绝望
3.in grief 悲痛
4.full of despair 充满绝望
5.unbearably painful 难以忍受的痛苦
6.feel heartbroken 感到心碎#6
7.with a heavy heart 怀着沉重的心情
8.a hopeless sigh 一声无望的叹息
9.be sad at heart 心里悲伤
10.beyond hope 绝望地#10
1.She fell into deep despair and couldn’t enjoy even little
pleasure.
她陷入深深的绝望，感受不到一丝快乐。
2.She hugged her head in despair and knelt down.
她绝望地抱住头，跪下来。
3.They were immersed in grief.
他们沉浸在悲痛之中。
4.She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help
crying bitterly.
她感到一阵悲伤，忍不住痛哭起来。
5.She suddenly choked with sobs，her tears gushing from
her eyes.
她突然泣不成声，眼泪夺眶而出。
6.I sobbed slowly,and my heart was full of despair.
我慢慢抽泣起来，心里满是绝望。
7.Feeling unbearably painful and heartbroken,she was at a
loss.
她感到难以忍受的痛苦和心碎，不知所措。
8.Unbearable sadness possessing me,I was close to tears.
无法忍受的悲伤笼罩着我，我几乎要哭了。
9.Her tears filled her eyes and started rolling down her
face.
她的泪水盈满了眼眶，开始顺着她的脸颊往下流。
1.得知助手绝望地递交了辞职信的噩耗，他感到心碎。孤独和
悲伤如潮水般涌来。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
He felt heartbroken when he learnt the bad news that
his assistant handed over his resignation letter in despair.
Loneliness and grief came in waves.
2.听到老父亲去世的消息，他的泪水盈满了眼眶，开始顺着他
的脸颊往下流。突然，他十分悲痛地抽泣起来。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
______________
Hearing the death of his old father,his tears filled his eyes and started rolling down his face. Suddenly,he sobbed in grief heavily.
课文二次开发利用
［教师备用］
课文语法填空
My name is Perce Blackborow and I have been
dreaming of 1. ____ expedition to the South Pole with Sir
Ernest Shackleton. One day，I read the advertisement
about the Antarctic expedition in a newspaper，but when I
an
applied to join it，I 2. ____________(turn) down because I
was too young and wasn’t qualified. I got aboard the ship
without 3. ________________ (permit) and hid in a small
cupboard，but was discovered three days later. Shackleton
assigned me 4. ______ (be) a steward，and I cooked for
twenty-eight men. How 5. ________ (excite) I was!
was turned
being permitted
to be
excited
The journey was 6. ________ (hard) than I expected.
When we approached Antarctica，our ship became stuck 7.
___ the ice and got crushed. Before abandoning the ship，
we were only allowed to take some of our necessities and
throw away the rest. We were camped on the ice，but with
spring 8. ________ (come)，the ice began to melt.
harder
in
coming
Having struggled for days，the conditions on Elephant
Island were going from bad to worse. Shackleton left us to
find help on South Georgia Island，9. _______ is 1，320
kilometres away. I was in low spirits. There was no food
on the island except seals or penguins we sometimes caught.
However，with the genuine concern of Frank and Ernest，I
was filled with hope and thought perhaps there was a
chance we 10. _____________(return) home，after all.#3
which
would return(共47张PPT)
UNIT 4
Part 2
核心考点突破
自主预习·课前清障
阅读单词
1.optimism n. ____________________________________
2.episode n. ____________________________________
3.shiver vi. _____________________________________
乐观
(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲
颤抖，哆嗦，发抖
核心单词
1. __________ adj.尴尬的
2. __________ n.候选人；应试者
awkward
candidate
运用词汇
1.misunderstand vt.误解；误会→ _________________ n.误解；
误会
misunderstanding
2.commitment n.承诺；保证；奉献→ ________ vt.& vi. 犯
(错误或罪行)；承诺；保证；忠于→ ___________ adj.尽心尽力
的；坚定的
commit
committed
3.celebrate vt.庆祝；赞美→ ___________ n.庆典；庆祝；颂扬
4.motive n.动机；原因；目的→ ___________ n.动机；积极性
→ __________ adj.有动机的；有积极性的
celebration
motivation
motivated
重点词块
1. __________ 作为回报
2. __________ 生火
3. __________ (使)振作起来;(使)高兴起来
4. __________________ 充分考虑……
5. _________ 放出(热、光、气味或气体)
in return
make fire
cheer up
think sth through
give off
6. _____________ 知道
7. ______________________ 坚持做某事
8. ___________ 隐瞒；退缩；抑制；阻止
be aware of
persevere in doing sth
hold back
重点句型
1.如果我错过末班车怎么办？(what if...)
_______________ the last train
What if I miss
2.没有什么比看到自己辛勤工作最终获得回报更令人快乐的了。
(There+be+nothing like...)
_____________________ the joy of seeing your hard work
finally pay off.
There is nothing like
3.如果昨天没下雨，我们本可以去徒步。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
___________________ yesterday,we would have gone hiking.
If it hadn’t rained
4.她的演讲如此鼓舞人心，以至于观众起立鼓掌。(such...that...)
She _________________________________ the audience stood
up and applauded.
gave such an inspiring speech that
学习理解·语篇解构
［教师备用］
多维解读·深度剖析
desperate
fire
sea
careful
tears
精研细读·深层理解
1.What did we know about the men when Shackleton and
his boat left the island ( )
B
A.They were confident and positive.
B.They were worried and desperate.
C.They were sure of their future.
D.They were not worried about him.
2.Which of the following can best describe
Shackleton ( )
D
A.He was a selfish man.
B.He was a mean man.
C.He was a generous man.
D.He was a man of his word.
3.What is the sailors’ attitude to Shackleton ( )
C
A.Indifferent. B.Sympathetic. C.Grateful. D.Negative.
核心知识·深入探究
1.make fire 生火
It was so cold in the room that he had to make fire to
keep himself warm.
房间里太冷了,他不得不生火取暖。
The next minute,the porridge boiled over and put out the
fire.
下一分钟，粥煮沸了，把火浇灭了。#2.1
归纳 拓展 be on fire着火(强调状态)
catch fire着火(强调动作)
set sth on fire =set fire to sth 放火；放火烧某物
put out the fire灭火
play with fire玩火；冒险
(1)句子语法填空
①After a careful investigation,the police drew the
conclusion that it was he himself that set his house ____
fire.
②Rescuers were trying to reach them,but one of the cars
_______ (catch) fire.
on
caught
(2)翻译句子
③如果你想在野外露营，你应该学习如何生火。
_______________________________________________________
__________________
④森林大火连续烧了3天才被扑灭。
_______________________________________________________
_________
If you want to go camping in the wild,you should learn
how to make fire.
The forest had been on fire for three days before it was
put out.
2.give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
If plastic and rubber are burnt,they’ll give off poisonous
gases.
塑料和橡胶如果被焚烧，就会放出有毒气体。
He gave away all his money to charities.
他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。
The government gave out food and clothes to people who
suffered a lot in the natural disaster.
政府向在自然灾害中遭受严重损失的人们分发了食物和衣服。#3.1
归纳 拓展 give out 发出；放出(热、光等)；分发；用完；耗尽
give in (to...) 屈服；投降；让步；勉强同意；交上
give back 归还；送回
give up 放弃；停止；认输
give away 泄露(秘密)；捐赠；赠送；颁发(奖品等)
(1)句子语法填空
①These fuels give _______ heat when they burn.
②What shall we use for power when all the oil in the
world has given ____？
③You may come across many difficulties,but as long as you
don’t give ___,you can make progress.
off/out
out
in
(2)完成句子
④随着大学毕业的临近，学生会将举办一场活动，毕业生们将
把他们用过的书送给他们的学弟学妹。
With graduation from university drawing near,the Student
Association is to hold an activity where graduates will
__________________________________________.
give away their used books to their juniors
3.commitment n.承诺；保证；奉献
commit vt.犯(错误或罪行)；承诺；保证
vi.忠于；全身心投入(工作、活动等)
committed adj.尽心尽力的;坚定的
The company made a commitment to quality.
该公司对质量作出承诺。
They are looking for someone with a real spirit of
commitment to the job.
他们正在找一个对这一工作有奉献精神的人。
You don’t have to commit to anything over the phone.
你不用在电话里承诺什么。#1.5.1
归纳 拓展 ·make a commitment to sb/sth 对某人/物作出承诺
make a commitment to do sth 保证/承诺做某事
·commit ... to ... 在……投入……
commit sb/oneself to (doing) sth 承诺/保证某人/某人自
己(做)某事
be committed to (doing) sth 承诺/全身心地投入(做)某
事
(1)句子语法填空
①The young man committed ________ (him) to the study
of plants.
②He failed the mid-term exam，so he made a commitment
_________(study) hard later.
③I was impressed by the energy and ____________(commit)
shown by the players.
himself
to study
commitment
(2)完成句子
④只有你致力于在线学习，你才能成为聪明的在线学习者。
Only if ____________________________________ can you
become a smart online learner.
you are committed to online learning
if引导的虚拟条件句
If I lived near my office，I would walk to work.
如果我住在办公室附近，我就会步行去上班。(与现在事实相反)
If I had not explored the wild forest with the experienced
adventurer，I wouldn’t have known so many plants that I
hadn’t heard of before.
如果我没有和这位有经验的冒险家一起去野外探险，我就不会
知道这么多我以前没有听说过的植物。(与过去事实相反)
If it rained/should rain/were to rain tomorrow, we would
have to put off the sports meeting.
如果明天下雨的话，我们就得推迟运动会。(与将来事实可能相
反)#1.3.1
在if 引导的虚拟条件句中，如果谓语动词中含有were、
should、had时，可以省略if，把它们提到主语前面，条件从句
变为部分倒装句。
(1)完成句子
① ______________________________________(如果没有志愿者
的努力)，our lake would not be so clean.
②If you had arrived a little earlier,you __________________
___ (就见到她了).
③If we _______________________________________
(误了这趟火车),we should have to wait for an hour at the
station.
If there were not the volunteers’ efforts
would have seen
her
missed/should miss/were to miss the train
(2)句型转换
④If he should give up the opportunity to improve himself，
he would regret sooner or later.
→ ___________________________________________________，
he would regret sooner or later.
Should he give up the opportunity to improve himself
⑤If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I
would have telephoned you.
→ _____________________________________________, I
would have telephoned you.
Had I known your telephone number yesterday
进阶提升·写作微练
人物心理描写(积极、自信)
1.be wild with joy欣喜若狂
2.in cheerful spirits心情愉快
3.a satisfied look满意的表情
4.be delighted at对……感到很高兴
5.jump for joy高兴得跳起来
6.tears of happiness flowing down流下幸福的泪水#6
7.brighten one’s heart 使某人心情愉快
8.be in high spirits 情绪高涨
9.can hardly conceal one’s excitement几乎无法掩饰兴奋
10.a mixture of excitement and delight既兴奋又开心#10
1.Only being strong and optimistic,can one go through
difficulties.
一个人只有坚强和乐观，才能渡过难关。
2.Everyone rejoiced at the news of his safe return.
听到他平安归来的消息，大家都很高兴。
3.Smiles are dancing in his eyes./ Her eyes danced with joy
and happiness.
微笑在他的眼中舞动。/ 她的眼睛里跳动着喜悦和幸福。
4.Hearing this,everybody was wild with joy.
听了这话，大家都欣喜若狂。
5.I laughed out loud/laughed heartily when I saw that
funny video.
当我看到那个有趣的视频时，我笑得很大声/开心。
6.Bathed in sunshine,we all cheered and jumped for joy.
沐浴在阳光下，我们都欢呼雀跃。
7.His eyes twinkle with pleasure every time he remembers
last winter.
每当他想起去年冬天，就喜上眉梢。
1.他一看见娜塔莎，脸上就露出喜色。他甚至感到微笑在自己
的眼睛里舞动。但是，娜塔莎径直从他身边走过，来到了操场，
向足球教练献上了一束鲜花。教练正在开怀大笑，因为他的球
队刚刚赢得了联赛冠军。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
As soon as he saw Natasha，his face beamed with
delight. He even felt smiles were dancing in his eyes.
However,Natasha just walked straight past him to the
playground and presented a bunch of flowers to the
football coach,who was laughing heartily because his team
just won the league champion.
2.为了庆祝国庆节，我们班组织了一次郊游。当消息公布时，
全班同学都欣喜若狂。我们在郊游中度过了一段美好的时光。
中午野餐的时候，我们的班主任告诉了我们一些好消息，这给
我们带来了兴奋和喜悦。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
To celebrate National Day,our class organised an outing.
When it was announced,all the class were wild with joy.
We spent a wonderful time in the outing. While we had
picnic at noon,our head teacher told us some good
news,which brought us a mixture of excitement and delight.(共29张PPT)
UNIT 4
语法专项指导
现在完成进行时
一、现在完成进行时的结构
肯定形式：have/has+been doing(第三人称单数用has，其
他人称用have)
The artist has been painting the picture for 3 hours，but
he has not finished it yet.
这位艺术家画这幅画三个小时了，但他还没有画完。
否定形式：have/ has+not+been doing
He hasn’t been using the car for the last two months.
过去两个月他一直没用车。
完成句子
①你知道，三个月来我一直在找工作，这是我第一个正式的面试。
You know，I ___________________________ for three
months，and this is my first formal interview.
have been looking for a job
②你去哪了？我已在雨中等了你两个小时。
Where have you been I __________________ for you in the
rain for two hours.
have been waiting
二、现在完成进行时的用法
1.表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，将来还可能延
续下去，强调动作的延续性。
2.表示不久前刚刚结束的动作。这种意义通常根据上下文来判断。
Her eyes are red. It’s obvious that she has been crying for
a long time.
她的眼睛红红的，显然她哭了很长时间。
3.表示某种感彩。
We’ve been looking forward to our summer vacation.
我们一直盼着暑假的到来。(愿望)
You have been lying to me.
你一直在对我说谎。(气愤)
4.表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间内动作一再重复发生。
All these days he has been writing articles to our magazine.
这些天他一直在给我们杂志写文章。
使用现在完成进行时的句子，表意上需要动作行为具有延
续性的特点。因此，某些不具有延续性含义的动词，如come、
go、marry、die、finish、like、love、hate、want、need、
prefer、know、realise、mean、understand、believe、
remember、belong、complain、consist、seem等，不适用于现
在完成进行时。
句子语法填空
①Since the time humankind started gardening，we
_________________(try) to make our environment more
beautiful.
have been trying
②The little boy is dirty from head to foot because he
_________________(play) in the mud all morning.
has been playing
三、常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
现在完成进行时常与all the time、all the morning、these
days、all night、“since+时间点或从句”“for+一段时间”等表示
一段时间的状语连用。
You must be tired since you have been working all the
morning.
你工作了一上午，一定很累了吧。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我们等你半个小时了。
完成句子
①他一直盼着加薪。
He has been hoping for a raise in salary ____________.
all the time
②我们近半个月以来一直在刷房子，很快就要完工了。
We ____________________________for nearly half a month
and it will be finished soon.
have been painting the house
四、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
1.现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性；现在完成时则强调某个
刚刚完成的动作或某个过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。
I have been reading the book you lent me,but I haven’t
finished it yet.
我一直在看你借给我的那本书，但我还没有看完。
2.现在完成进行时可以表示动作的反复性；现在完成时一般不
表示反复性。
Have you been meeting him recently
你最近经常见他吗 (强调多次见到)
Have you met him recently
你最近见过他吗 (可能只有一次)
3.现在完成进行时有时含有感彩；现在完成时一般表示平
铺直叙。
亨利工作有条不紊。
Henry has been doing his work in an orderly way.
(含有表扬的意味)
Henry has done his work in an orderly way.(描述事实)
部分动词(如live、work、teach、study等)用这两种时态所
表达的意思差别不大。
I’ve lived/been living here for 30 years.
我在这儿住了30年。
How long have you worked/been working here
你在这里工作多久了
句子语法填空
①The students ____________________ (prepare) for the
exam for half a month.
②Steve _________________ (play) rugby since the age of
eight. Now he ____________ (become) a professional player.
have been preparing
has been playing
has become
1.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017，right before the
arrival of the two new pandas，Meng Meng and Jiao Qing，
I __________________(help) the panda keepers at the zoo to
feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
have been helping
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析语境，再根据此处的时间状语
since June 2017可知，动作现在可能正在进行并可能持续下去，
应用现在完成进行时。故填have been helping。
2.(2023·全国甲卷)Bo.lan _________________(make) waves in
Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009.
has been making
【解析】考查动词的时态。由语境及时间状语since it opened
in 2009可知，动作发生在过去，延续到现在并持续下去，应用
现在完成进行时。故填has been making。
3.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Since then，I _____________(write)
many good works and now I am a famous writer.
have written
【解析】考查动词的时态。由语境可知，此处强调现在的结果，
不表示动作还在进行，应用现在完成时。故填have written。
4.(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form
that ________________(pass) down through the ages can still
be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
has been passed
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由语境可知，此处强调现在
的结果是抒情诗的形式已流传很长时间，要用现在完成时；且
pass与主语a simple lyric form是被动关系。故填has been
passed。
5.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)People ___________________ (bring)
their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit
outside to watch them.
have been bringing
【解析】考查动词的时态。本句表示动作的反复性，应用现在
完成进行时。故填have been bringing。
句子语法填空
1.Great changes _________________(take place)in our school
in the last few years.
2.This is the first time that we __________(see)a film in the
cinema together as a family.
3.You should go to bed. You ____________________ (watch)
TV for 2 hours.
have taken place
have seen
have been watching
4.Donna __________________(think) about going back to
school，but she hasn’t decided yet.
has been thinking
5.For the whole morning，the board of the directors
___________________ (discuss) the resolution to increase
wages in the coming year.
has been discussing
6.Sorry，but Mr Smith ________(leave) for Beijing.
7.I __________________(look) for him everywhere. Where
can he be
has left
have been looking
8.Here he is！We __________________(wait) anxiously for
him since last night.
9.It _________________ (rain) for two days,and it seems
that it will rain for another two days.
10.Jason’s only recreation is painting. He ________________
________ (learn) how to paint for over five years.
11.Such will be my future life，one I
____________________(dream) of.
have been waiting
has been raining
has been
learning
have been dreaming
12.Mary __________________ (work) really hard on her
book and thinks she’ll have finished it by Friday.
has been working
13.My nephew Sam ___________________ (collect) comic
books since he was five. Now he has more than two
hundred of them.
has been collecting
14.I won’t tell the student the answer to the question until
he _____________________________ (work) on it for more
than ten minutes.
has been working/has worked
15.I ___________________(learn) English for ten years and I
speak English fluently. So I am qualified to be your
interpreter.
have been learning(共37张PPT)
UNIT 4
写作专项指导
随笔
文体类型：随笔，是散文的一个分支，议论文的一种变体，
兼有叙事、抒情及评论的功能，篇幅短小。
1.首段常用句式。
This is a novel by the English author...
I have read the book entitled...
My favourite book is...
2.中段常用句式。
The author described that...
The story ends with...
The story is based on...
Once upon a time,there was a...
Unfortunately,they were stuck in the...
They were very brave in face of...
They never gave up and...
Later,they managed to do...#2.8
3.尾段常用句式。
Those who have read the book think highly of it.
After it was published，it became famous all over the
world.
I suggest you going to see it. I believe you will like it.
I learn from this story that...
My point of view towards...is...
假设你是李华，你最近刚读了沙克尔顿和他的船员们去南
极探险的故事，请你用英语写一篇随笔，谈一谈自己的感受。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
Ⅰ.对接话题词汇
1. ______ adj.严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
2. ___________ n.探险；远征；探险队
3. ___________ n.忍耐力；耐久力
4. ____________ adj.热情的；热心的
bitter
expedition
endurance
enthusiastic
5. _____ vi.沉没；下沉；下降
vt.使下沉；使沉没
sink
6. _________ vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃
abandon
7. ______ n.炉具；厨房灶具
8. ________ n.毯子
9. ___________ n.[pl.] 财物；动产
10. __________ adj.痛苦的；令人难受的
11. _____________ n.毅力;韧性;不屈不挠的精神
stove
blanket
belongings
miserable
perseverance
12. ______ n.(轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；专业团队；
一群人
13. _____________ adv.不幸地；遗憾地
14. ______ adj.忠诚的；忠实的
crew
unfortunately
loyal
Ⅱ.巧用核心句式、语法
1.故事发生在1914年，沙克尔顿和他热情的船员们开始了南极
探险。
The story happened in 1914 when Shackleton and
____________________ began ______________ to Antarctica.
his enthusiastic crew
an expedition
2.当他们接近南极洲时，不幸的是，他们的船“坚忍”号卡在冰
里被冰挤毁，他们不得不弃船逃到了大象岛上。
As they approached Antarctica, _____________,their
ship,with the name Endurance, __________________________
_________________________ and they had to ___________
and escaped to Elephant Island.
unfortunately
became stuck in the ice
and got crushed by the ice
abandon it
3.他们扔掉了大部分物品，只带走了基本用品，如炊具和毯子。
They threw away ________________ and only took essential
supplies,such as ___________________________.
most belongings
the cook stove and blankets
4.由于没有任何获救的机会，沙克尔顿带着五名忠诚的船员冒
险走了1 300多千米去寻求帮助。旅途非常残酷。
As there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton
ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal
men to search for help. __________________.
It was very cruel
5.尽管他们陷入了恐慌，也有许多困难，全体人员设法活了下来。
Although ______________________________________________
_________，the crew managed to survive.
they got into a panic and there were many
difficulties
6.我被他们的耐力和毅力所感动，这个故事激励我要更加勇敢
地面对困难。
I’m moved by ________________________________ and this
story has inspired me to face difficulties more bravely.
their endurance and perseverance
1.将第2句改为过去分词作定语。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2.将第3句改为现在分词作状语。
_______________________________________________________
___________________________________________
They threw away most belongings,only taking essential
supplies,such as the cook stove and blankets.
As they approached Antarctica,unfortunately,their
ship,named Endurance,stuck in the ice and crushed by the
ice and they had to abandon it and escaped to Elephant
Island.
3.将第4句改为定语从句。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
4.将第6句改为过去分词作状语。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________
Moved by their endurance and perseverance,I was inspired to face difficulties more bravely.
As there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton
ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal
men to search for help,which was very cruel.
The story happened in 1914 when Shackleton and his
enthusiastic crew began an expedition to Antarctica. After
more than 700 bitter days of adventure,he and his men
returned safely.
As they approached Antarctica,unfortunately,their
ship,named Endurance,stuck in the ice and crushed by the
ice and they had to abandon it and escaped to Elephant
Island. They threw away most belongings,only taking
essential supplies,such as the cook stove and blankets. As
there wasn’t any chance of being rescued,Shackleton
ventured more than 1,300 kilometres with five of his loyal
men to search for help,which was very cruel. This is
Shackleton,a responsible leader with great perseverance.
Moved by their endurance and perseverance,I was
inspired to face difficulties more bravely. Whatever
difficulties we meet,never should we give up.#1.2
你校正在举办“英语读书周”活动，要求学生们介绍一本自
己喜欢的书并评论。假设你喜欢的书是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》
(The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)，请你根据下列提示用
英语写一篇书评。要点如下：
1.《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》的作者是美国现实主义作家马克·吐
温(Mark Twain)，他成长于密西西比河(the Mississippi River)
河畔；
2.这部小说讲述了哈克贝利·费恩离家出走，和吉姆(Jim)沿着密
西西比河(the Mississippi River)流浪的故事；
3.哈克贝利·费恩遇见的人物来自社会各个阶层，因此这部小说
生动地反映了当时的社会情况；
4.《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》是美国文学史上一部伟大的作品。
参考词语：realist writer现实主义作家。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
_______________#1.7
One possible version:
My favourite book is The Adventures of Huckleberry
Finn.It is a novel written by Mark Twain,an American
realist writer,who grew up on the Mississippi River.
The book tells the story of Huckleberry Finn and Jim
wandering along the Mississippi River. Finn runs away
from home and later he meets Jim. Then they experience
drifting on a raft,escaping from pursuers,etc. If they didn’t
meet each other,there wouldn’t be such extraordinary things
later on. With the people Finn meets from all walks of
life,the novel vividly reflects the society at that time.
Generally speaking,The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
is a great novel in the history of American literature.#1.1.3
1.turn down 拒绝(提议、建议或提议人)；把……调低；关小
①接通(电流、煤气、水等)；打开 _________
②结果是，证明是；生产；出席(某项活动)；在场 _________
③向……求助；转向；翻到 ________
④要求每个参与者8点前到场。
_______________________________________________________
turn on
turn out
turn to
Every participant is required to turn up before 8 o’clock.
2.qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格 ________
n.资格；资历 ____________
①有资格获得某物；能胜任某事 be qualified ____ sth
②有资格做某事be qualified _______ sth
③使某人有资格成为…… qualify sb ____...
qualify
qualification
for
to do
as
④欢迎所有符合条件和感兴趣的同学参加。
_______________________________________________________
____________
All the students qualified and interested are welcome to
participate.
3.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
adv.热情地；热心地 _______________
n.热情；热心 ___________
①热情地 _____ enthusiasm=enthusiastically
②充满对……的热情 be full of enthusiasm ____...
③西蒙(Simon)对科学充满热情，一直梦想成为一名科学家。
_______________________________________________________
________________________
enthusiastically
enthusiasm
with
for
Simon is enthusiastic about science and dreams of becoming a scientist all the time.
4.assign vt.分派；布置；分配
n.分配；任务；作业 ___________
①给某人布置/分派某事assign sb sth=assign sth ___ sb
②布置/分派某人做某事 assign sb _______ sth
③被指派/被分配给…… be assigned ___ sb/sth
assignment
to
to do
to
5.envy n.＆ vt.羡慕；妒忌
①羡慕/妒忌某人做某事envy sb ______ sth
②羡慕地；嫉妒地 ___________
③羡慕/妒忌…… be envious ___...
doing
with envy
of
④出于妒忌，他打破了妹妹的玻璃玩具，很快就后悔了，但是
却没敢承认错误。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_____________
He broke his sister’s glass toy out of envy and regretted
having done it shortly. However，he didn’t dare to admit
his mistake.
6.abandon vt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃 n.放纵
adj.被抛弃的；废弃的；放纵的 ___________
①沉湎于某事；陷入(某种情感) abandon oneself ___...
②恣意地；放纵地 ______________
③由于天气不好，我们的运动会取消了。
_______________________________________________________
_________
abandoned
to
with abandon
The sports meeting had to be abandoned due to bad
weather.
7.give off放出(热、光、气味或气体)
①泄露(秘密)；捐赠；赠送；颁发(奖品等) ___________
②发出；放出(热、光等)；分发；用完；耗尽 _________
③放弃；停止；认输 ________
④归还；送回 __________
⑤小鸟儿在枝头唱歌，许多花朵都散发着芳香。
_______________________________________________________
_____________________
give away
give out
give up
give back
The birds are singing in the branches and many flowers
give off a nice smell.
8.commitment n．承诺；保证；奉献
vt.犯(错误或罪行)；承诺；保证
vi.忠于；全身心投入(工作、活动等) ________
adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的 ___________
①对某人/物作出承诺make a commitment ___ sb/sth
②在……投入…… commit... ___...
③承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事 ___________________________
commit
committed
to
to
be committed to (doing) sth
