第五章 介词课件(共51张PPT)-2026年安徽中考英语话题专项训练

(共51张PPT)
第二部分 名师语法专题
第五章 介词
课标要求(2022年版) 安徽省卷近5年中考统计情况 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
表示时间的介词 √
表示地点和位置的介词 √ √ √ √ √
表示方式的介词 √ √
其他常见介词
介词的常见搭配 √
(限时：10 min 正确率： 　　/ 20题)
　　一、翻译以下词块。
　　1. 导致
　　2. 照顾我的家人
　　3. 在八岁时
　　4. 在左/右边
　　5. 同时
　　6. 嘲笑别人
lead to/result in
look after/take care of my family
at the age of eight/when sb. was eight (years old)
on the left/right
at the same time
laugh at others
　　7.过了一会儿
　　8. 等待她
　　9. 顺便问一下
　　10. 在未来
　　11. 使我惊讶的是
　　12. 在中国制造
after a while/moment
wait for her
by the way
in the future
to my surprise
made in China
　　二、用适当的介词填空。
　　1． (2025成都)Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong
February 19th, 2025.
on
　　2． (2025绥化)Everyone in my family does chores my
little brother because he is only 10 months old.
　　3． My father often goes to work bike, but sometimes he
goes foot.
except
by
on
　　4．Please bring Ms.Steen to the welcome party telling
her so that she can be surprised.
　　5． —I'm thirsty. I'd like a glass of orange juice. What about you,
Betty
　　—I prefer a cup of tea nothing in it.
without
with
　　6．My parents will be back three days.
　　7． Fan Jinshi, born 1938, has spent all her time protecting
Dunhuang cultural heritage(遗产).
　　8． The instrument is specially designed disabled people to
play music with eyes.
in
in
for
　　介词用来表明名词、代词或相当于名词的部分与句中其他词之间的
关系。介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分。介词与其后面的宾语(名
词、代词、数词、从句、动名词、“疑问词＋不定式”结构)构成介词短
语并在句子中充当成分(表语、补语、定语、状语)。
　　考点1 几组介词的比较
　　一、表示时间的介词
1 at：时刻、正午、午夜 at ten o'clock, at night, at
noon, at the moment
in：世纪、年代、朝代、年、月、
季节、上午/下午/晚上 in the morning, in the 1980s, in
May, in spring
on：具体的上午、下午、晚上、某
一天等 on June 26, on Sunday
morning
2 since＋过去的时间点； since＋时间段＋ago 表示“自从……”，句子常用完成时态 I have lived here
since last year.
I have lived here
since two years ago.
for＋时间段，表示动作持续多久，句子常用
现在完成时、过去完成时或一般过去时 I have lived here for
two years.
3 after＋时间点，表示“在……之后”，常
与将来时连用 after＋时间段，表示“在……之后”，常
与过去时连用 They will leave after nine
o'clock.
After an hour, I went
home.
in＋时间段，表示“多久以后”，常与将
来时连用 I'll go home in an hour.
　　根据句意从上面所学中选择适当的时间介词填空，每空一词。
　　Qian was born in Shanghai 1. December 11th, 1911.He went
to America to study in 1935.After graduation, he worked there 2.
a few years.He heard that the PRC was founded 3. 1949, and then
he decided to give up the good working conditions in
America.4. a couple of years, he finally succeeded in coming
back to China although the American government tried to stop him.
on
for
in
After
　　 对点练1
　　二、表示地点/方位的介词
1 at＋小地点(车站、电影院等) They arrived at the bus
station at ten.
in＋大地点(洲名、国家名、城市名等) They arrived in Beijing at
ten.
2 above：在……上面(不一定是正上
方)，其反义词为below；也可指温
度、海拔等 There is a clock on the
wall.It is above the
blackboard.
on：在……上(指接触物体表面或构成
物体表面的一部分) over：在……上方(垂直悬空，正上
方)，其反义词为under They held a large umbrella
over her.
　　续表
3 between：在两者之间 The Pacific Ocean is between Asia and
America.
among：在三者及以上的人
或物之间 Shanghai is among the largest cities in
the world.
4 across：穿过(某一平面) The dog runs across the street when
the green light is on.
through：穿过(某一空间内
部) They walked through the forest
carefully.
past：经过 He walked past the post office just now.
over：从一边到另一边或越
过某一高度 He jumped over the wall.
5 in：在……中；在……内 Shenzhen is in the south of
Guangdong.
on：表示两个不同的个体相邻或接壤，
意为“毗邻；接壤” Guangdong is on the east of
Guangxi.
to：表示两个个体之间有一定距离 China lies to the west of
Japan.
6 in front of: 在……(外部的)前面，
其反义词为behind The building is behind/in front
of the hospital.
in the front of: 在……(内部的)前
面，其反义词为at the back of The girl stands in the front
of/at the back of the classroom.
7 by/beside：在 ……旁边 near：
在……附近 next to：紧挨…… Our house is by the river.
My friend sits next to me.
8 along：沿着 around/round：围
绕…… opposite/across from：在……对面 Walk along this street.
All of us sat around the table.
　　 对点练2
　　选词填空：over, under, across, beside, on
　　1． Our classroom is Room 204. The teacher's office is Room 205.
It's our classroom.
beside
　　2． There will be a new bridge the river in our village.
　　3． Look! Tim is helping an old man go the street.
　　4． Shandong Province is the east of Hebei Province.
　　5． Jim is chatting with his friends the tree.
over
across
on
under
　　三、表示方式的介词
1 by＋交通工具(单数) I go to school by bus.
in＋限定词＋小型交通工具(自行车
除外) He goes to school in his
father's car.
on＋限定词＋大型交通工具/自行车 He goes traveling on a
plane/bike.
　　续表
2 by＋动名词，“通过……；以……方
式/方法/手段” He became a college student
by working hard.
in：“用……方式/语言/颜色”等，语
言、材料前不加冠词 He made the speech in
English.
on：“通过；使用；借助于”，后跟
设备或机器 We spoke on the phone.
with：“用；使用；以”，后常接具
体的工具或身体的某个器官 Cut it with a knife.
　　 对点练3
　　根据句意从上面所学中选择适当的方式介词填空，每空一词。
　　1． Yesterday afternoon, he took us for a drive his new car.
　　2． He's been the computer all afternoon.
　　3． He began his speech thanking the President and ended
it a joke.
in
on
by
with
　　容易误用介词的地方：
　　(1)在here, there, home, upstairs, downstairs等副词前不加介词。
　　(2)在today, yesterday, the day before yesterday, tomorrow等时间状
语前不加介词。
　　 巩固训练
　　I usually wake up at 6：30 every weekday. 1 washing my face, I
have breakfast with my family in the dining room.
（　A　）1. A. After B． Since C． During
A
　　At 7：15, I leave home for school. I go to school 2 bus, and the bus
stop is just across from my neighborhood — there's a small garden 3
the stop and the entrance to our community. The bus ride takes about 10
minutes, and I often sit next to the window to watch the street.
　　（　B　）2. A. with B． by C． on
　　（　C　）3. A. among B． beside C． between
B
C
　　I arrive 4 school before 7：40. My classroom is 5 the second
floor, between the teachers' office and the school clinic(医务室), making it
easy to ask teachers for help. 6 the morning, we have three classes.
When the bell rings at 8：00, we start our first lesson.
　　（　A　）4. A. at B． for C． to
　　（　B　）5. A. in B． on C． over
　　（　C　）6. A. At B． On C． In
A
B
C
　　考点2 其他常用介词
about 关于；对于 a book about flowers
across 在……各处；遍及 across the country
after 在……后；反复不断或一个接一个 after lunch; day after day
against 反对；与……相反；紧靠；倚；碰；撞 play against; The rain beats against the windows.
　　续表
as 像；如同；作为；当作 be dressed as a queen；
treat… as…； regard… as…
during 在……期间 during the 1990s
for 为了；给；对；支持；因为；由于；对……来说 fight for; be for; be famous for;
It's＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.
from 来自；源于；由……(制成)；从……起；与……(不同) be/come from; be made from; from A to B；
be different from
　　续表
including 包括；包含 I've got a three day holiday including New Year's Day.
like 像……一样；例如；比方 He's very like his father.
Tom does many sports, like jumping and running.
off 从……落下；离开；下班；休息 fall off; get off; have three days off school
over 多于；遍及 over a month; all over the world
past (时间)过；(年龄)超过 half past two
　　续表
through 自始至终；从头到尾；以；凭借 sit through a concert; through hard work
until/till 到……时；直到……为止 until/till 11 o'clock
with 和；同；带有；具有；关于；对于 talk with sb.; a girl with red hair; be angry/pleased with
without 没有；不 without difficulty
besides 除……之外(还) Two more friends are here besides Tom.(Tom也在)
except 除了…… Everyone is here except Tom.(Tom不在)
　　 巩固训练
　　选词填空(有两词为多余项)
with as from like about for until over
　　Alexei is a Russian.He came to China 1. an exchange student
in 2015.From then on, he started to make videos 2. his life in
China.He has traveled to 3. 70 Chinese cities during his
vacations.He likes a lot of local food 4. Yunnan rice noodles,
Sichuan hot pot, and Beijing roast duck.“China is a country 5.
a long history and excellent culture.I am deeply drawn to it.My dream is
to make great videos to show my love 6. China，” said Alexei.
as
about
over
like
with
for
　　考点3 常见介词的搭配
　　一、介词与动词的搭配
v.＋to listen to听…… talk to和……交谈 look forward to期待 pay attention to注意
v.＋at laugh at嘲笑 shout at对……大吼 knock at敲(门、窗等) look at看……
v.＋for look for寻找 wait for等待 pay for为……付款 prepare for为……做准备
v.＋on knock on敲击 get on上车 depend on依赖于
agree on在某事上达成一致意见
focus on专注于live on以……为食
v.＋with agree with同意 chat with与……闲聊 catch up with追上；赶上
come up with想出 deal with处理 share with与……分享
　　二、介词与形容词的搭配
　　介词与形容词搭配时，常用“be＋adj.＋介词”结构。
be＋adj.＋
with be bored with对……厌烦 be popular with受……欢迎
be satisfied with对……满意
be strict with对(某人)严格 be patient with对(某人)有耐心
be born with天生具有……
be＋adj.＋
of be afraid of害怕 be full of充满 be proud of为……自豪
be tired of 对……厌烦 be sure of/about对……肯定/有把
握
be＋adj.＋
for be thirsty for对……渴望 be famous for以……出名 be late
for迟到
be good/bad for对……有好处/有害 be sorry for (doing)
sth.对(做)某事感到抱歉
be＋adj.＋
to be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事 be similar to
与……相似
be thankful to sb. (for sth.)(因某事)感谢某人 be harmful
to对……有害
be＋adj.＋at be present at出席 be good at擅长 be surprised
at对……感到惊奇
be＋adj.＋
in/on be interested in 对……感兴趣 be hard on sb.对某人苛刻
be＋adj.＋ from/about be curious about 对……好奇be different from和……不同
　　三、介词与名词的搭配
in＋n. in public当众 in surprise惊讶地 in danger处于危险中 in
time及时
in fact事实上 in trouble处于困境中 in silence沉默地 in a
hurry/rush匆忙地
on＋n. on purpose故意地 on duty值日；值班 on time准时 on sale
廉价出售；待售
at＋n. at the same time同时 at birth出生时at the age of在……岁时
　　四、其他介词短语
thanks to多亏 because of因为 instead of代替 according to根据
by chance偶然地 the same as和……一样 as for至于 for example例
如
　　——更多短语详见电子版资源《早读材料》
　　 巩固训练
　　选词填空(有两词为多余项)
with for in of at on
　　In the fast changing world of technology, Liang Wenfeng is a rising
star.He founded an AI company — DeepSeek.
　　Liang Wenfeng was born in the 1980s in a small town in
Guangdong.From a young age, he was interested 1. maths and
computers. 2. the age of 17, he entered Zhejiang University,
where he studied computer science.After graduating, Liang Wenfeng
started his career(事业) and became famous.However, he was not pleased
3. this success, so he set up DeepSeek.He put a lot of effort and
money into developing AI technologies.
in
At
with
with for in of at on
　　Though Liang is very successful, he still keeps focusing 4. his
work and dreams of making AI good for everyone.
on
with for in of at on
　　1． 介词在语法选择中的考查
　　语法选择考查介词主要从表示时间的介词，表示地点和位置的介
词，表示方式、手段、方向的介词及固定搭配等方面设题考查。解题时
可以根据上下文、分析句子结构以及固定搭配去确定答案。
　　由句子结构及上下文判断
　　Later on, while Mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables 　　 a small knife.
A． by B． for C． with
　　解析：根据语境可知，此处指“用小刀切蔬菜”，表示用某个工具，
且工具名词前加冠词，用with。by表示方式时，后面的名词前通常不加
冠词。故选C。
　　2．介词在短文填空中的考查
　　在短文填空中对介词的考查与在语法选择中的考查类似，解题方法
同样是从句子结构及上下文或固定搭配这几个方面进行判断，同时结合
备选词确定答案。
along although beauty because deep enjoy example explore new
performance something under
　　Every day, he can see his neighbors playing chess in the park, dancing 　　 the river or chatting in the market.
　　解析：dancing和“the river”之间缺少介词，备选词中有两个介词，
along表示“沿着”，under表示“在……下面”，结合常识可知，此处表示
沿着河跳舞。故填along。
　　一、名师原创 语法选择
主题：邢思源徒手绘制铁路网 词数：204
难度：★ 正确率： 　　/10
　　A 29 year old railway officer has become popular online because she
can hand draw China's whole railway network.Her amazing skills and
good service to passengers have caught many 1 attention.
（　C　）1. A. people B． peoples C． people's
C
　　The officer is Xing Siyuan, who 2 at a train station in Jinhua.She
can draw a map 3 1，092 station names, 388 railway lines, and much
other important information, by using just two pens.The map looks very
similar 4 the official one.
　　（　B　）2. A. worked B． works C． will work
　　（　A　）3. A. with B． for C． at
　　（　C　）4. A. with B． for C． to
B
A
C
　　One day during the Spring Festival travel rush in 2018, Xing was 5
duty.She found an old passenger 6 trouble because he didn't know
which train to transfer(换乘) to next.This made her realize the need to
give quick transfer help to passengers, especially 7 old.
　　（　A　）5. A. on B． for C． at
　　（　C　）6. A. by B． at C． in
　　（　C　）7. A. a B． an C． the
A
C
C
　　She worked hard and finally succeeded in 2022.She also made up
easy words with station names and thought of the network as simple
shapes 8 remember better.
（　B　）8. A. help B． to help C． helping
B
　　Now, Xing can draw the full map in four to five hours.But more
importantly, she can help passengers right away, offering transfer
choices 9 digital tools.This is very 10 during busy times.
　　Xing keeps learning and redraws the map almost every other
day.She believes mastering such skills helps develop problem solving
abilities and provides good customer service.
　　（　A　）9. A. without B． with C． at
　　（　B　）10. A. use B． useful C． usefully
A
B
　　二、短文填空(2025苏州改编)
主题：中外茶文化交流 词数：229
难度：★ 正确率： 　　/10
with in at as she how that and but bring think moment
　　On Pingjiang Road in Suzhou, 65 year old Ms Wu has run a
traditional tea house for 30 years. She never expected 1. to
become a tea master who helped build a cultural bridge.
herself
　　It started in 2015 when a German tourist named Klaus walked into
her shop. 2. the help of a phone app, Ms Wu showed him the
way to properly brew(沏) Biluochun, Suzhou's famous green tea. Then
Klaus returned every day that week and 3. more friends
each time.
With
brought
with in at as she how that and but bring think moment
　　Seeing how interested they were 4. Chinese tea, Ms Wu
started a weekly activity called “Tea Culture Saturdays”. She showed
foreigners 5. to brew tea in traditional ways. Her daughter Lily,
a college student, helped translate.
in
how
with in at as she how that and but bring think moment
　　Soon, her tea house was always crowded with visitors, including
students 6. business people from many places. “I used to
7. foreigners wouldn't understand our tea culture, but they
love it deeply. Some of them even treat their friends to Chinese tea
8. home，” Ms Wu said.
and
think
at
with in at as she how that and but bring think moment
　　One of her favourite 9. was when Sarah, a Canadian,
gave her a notebook filled with tea notes written in both English and
Chinese. “This is why I keep teaching，” Ms Wu said.
　　Now, her tea house appears in travel guides 10. “Suzhou's
cultural living room”. For tourists, every cup of tea served is a window
into the tea culture of this ancient city.
moments
as
with in at as she how that and but bring think moment