2026届高考英语-完形填空高频固定搭配与词组辨析
文档属性
| 名称 | 2026届高考英语-完形填空高频固定搭配与词组辨析 |
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| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 60.9KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-04-01 00:00:00 | ||
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文档简介
第一部分 动词短语
动词短语是完形填空的重点考查内容，本部分按核心动词分类整理高频动词短语，每个短语配有详细释义和语境例句，帮助考生系统掌握。
一、break 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ break down （机器）出故障；（人）崩溃；分解 The car broke down on the highway. 汽车在高速公路上抛锚了。
★ break in 闯入；打断（谈话）；驯服 Someone broke in and stole the jewelry. 有人闯入偷走了珠宝。
★ break into 闯入；突然开始 He broke into tears when he heard the news. 听到消息时他突然哭了起来。
break off 中断；折断；断绝关系 They broke off their engagement. 他们解除了婚约。
★ break out （战争、火灾等）爆发；逃脱 A fire broke out in the building. 大楼里发生了火灾。
★ break through 突破；取得重大进展 Scientists have broken through in cancer research. 科学家在癌症研究上取得了突破。
★ break up 分手；解散；打碎 They broke up after five years together. 他们在一起五年后分手了。
break away 脱离；挣脱 The region broke away from the country. 该地区脱离了这个国家。
二、take 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ take after （性格、外貌）像（父母） She takes after her mother in appearance. 她外貌像她母亲。
take apart 拆开；拆卸 He took the watch apart to repair it. 他把手表拆开修理。
★ take back 收回（话语）；退货 I take back what I said. 我收回我说的话。
★ take down 记下；取下；拆除 Please take down these notes. 请记下这些笔记。
★ take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 I couldn't take in all the information. 我无法理解所有信息。
★ take off 起飞；脱下；突然成功 The plane took off on time. 飞机准时起飞了。
★ take on 承担；雇佣；呈现 He took on too much responsibility. 他承担了太多责任。
★ take over 接管；接手 She took over the company from her father. 她从父亲手中接管了公司。
★ take up 开始从事；占据（时间/空间） He took up golf last year. 他去年开始打高尔夫球。
take to 开始喜欢；养成……习惯 He took to drinking after his wife died. 妻子去世后他开始酗酒。
take aback 使吃惊；使困惑 I was taken aback by his rude remark. 他粗鲁的话让我大吃一惊。
take for 误认为是；把……当作 I took him for his brother. 我把他误认为是他哥哥。
三、put 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ put aside 放在一边；储存；暂不考虑 Put aside some money for emergencies. 存些钱以备不时之需。
★ put away 收起；储存；吃很多 Put away your toys when you're done playing. 玩完后把玩具收起来。
put back 放回原处；推迟 Put the book back on the shelf. 把书放回书架上。
★ put down 放下；写下；镇压 Put down your name and address. 写下你的姓名和地址。
★ put forward 提出（建议、计划等） He put forward a new proposal. 他提出了一个新的建议。
★ put in 投入（时间、精力）；安装 He put in a lot of effort on this project. 他在这项目上投入了很多精力。
★ put off 推迟；延期；使反感 The meeting was put off until next week. 会议推迟到下周。
★ put on 穿上；上演；增加（体重） He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上外套出去了。
★ put out 熄灭；出版；使烦恼 Firefighters put out the fire. 消防员扑灭了大火。
put through 接通电话；使经历 Please put me through to the manager. 请帮我接通经理的电话。
★ put up 举起；建造；张贴；提供住宿 They put up a new building. 他们建了一座新楼。
★ put up with 忍受；容忍 I can't put up with his behavior anymore. 我再也无法忍受他的行为了。
四、get 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
get about 四处走动；（消息）传开 The news soon got about. 消息很快传开了。
★ get across 使理解；传达 I couldn't get my point across. 我无法让人理解我的观点。
★ get along 相处融洽；进展 We get along well with our neighbors. 我们和邻居相处得很好。
get around 四处走动；规避；传开 Bad news gets around quickly. 坏消息传得很快。
get at 到达；意指；责备 What are you getting at 你到底是什么意思？
★ get away 逃离；度假 The thief got away with the money. 小偷带着钱逃跑了。
★ get back 返回；取回；恢复 I hope to get back by six. 我希望六点前回来。
★ get by 勉强过活；通过 We can get by on very little money. 我们可以靠很少的钱过活。
get down 下来；写下；使沮丧 The bad weather really gets me down. 坏天气真让我沮丧。
★ get in 进入；到达；当选 What time does the train get in 火车什么时候到？
★ get off 下车；逃脱惩罚 Get off the bus at the next stop. 在下一站下车。
★ get on 上车；相处；进展 How are you getting on with your new job 你的新工作进展如何？
★ get out 出去；（消息）泄露 How did the secret get out 秘密是怎么泄露的？
★ get over 克服；从……恢复 She finally got over her fear of heights. 她终于克服了恐高症。
★ get through 通过；完成；接通电话 I finally got through the exam. 我终于通过了考试。
★ get together 聚集；聚会 Let's get together for dinner sometime. 找时间一起吃个饭吧。
★ get up 起床；站起来 I usually get up at seven. 我通常七点起床。
五、look 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ look after 照顾；照看 Can you look after my cat while I'm away 我不在时你能帮我照看猫吗？
look ahead 向前看；展望未来 We need to look ahead and plan for the future. 我们需要向前看，为未来做打算。
★ look around 四处看看；环顾 Let's look around the store. 我们在店里四处看看吧。
★ look at 看；考虑；研究 We need to look at all the options. 我们需要考虑所有选择。
★ look back 回顾；回忆 Looking back, I have no regrets. 回首往事，我没有遗憾。
★ look down on 看不起；轻视 Don't look down on people who are less fortunate. 不要看不起那些不幸的人。
★ look for 寻找；寻求 I'm looking for my keys. 我在找我的钥匙。
★ look forward to 期待；盼望 I'm looking forward to seeing you again. 我期待再次见到你。
look in 顺便拜访；往里看 I'll look in on my way home. 我回家路上顺便去看看。
★ look into 调查；研究 The police are looking into the case. 警方正在调查这个案件。
★ look on 旁观；看待 He just looked on while others did the work. 别人干活时他只是旁观。
★ look out 当心；注意 Look out! There's a car coming. 小心！有车来了。
★ look over 检查；审阅 Please look over this report. 请审阅这份报告。
★ look through 浏览；仔细查看 I looked through the magazine quickly. 我快速浏览了这本杂志。
★ look up 查阅；好转；拜访 You can look up the word in the dictionary. 你可以在字典里查阅这个词。
★ look up to 尊敬；仰视 I've always looked up to my older brother. 我一直很尊敬我哥哥。
六、turn 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ turn around 转身；（生意）好转 The company has turned around since the new manager came. 自从新经理来了，公司情况好转了。
turn away 拒绝进入；转过脸去 The theater turned away hundreds of people. 剧院拒绝了数百人入场。
turn back 返回；折回 We had to turn back because of the storm. 因为暴风雨我们不得不折返。
★ turn down 拒绝；调低（音量等） He turned down the job offer. 他拒绝了这份工作。
★ turn in 上交；告发；就寝 Please turn in your homework by Friday. 请在周五前上交作业。
★ turn into 变成；转化为 The caterpillar turned into a butterfly. 毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。
★ turn off 关闭（电器）；使失去兴趣 Turn off the lights when you leave. 离开时关灯。
★ turn on 打开（电器）；使兴奋 Turn on the TV, please. 请打开电视。
★ turn out 结果是；证明是；出席 It turned out to be a mistake. 结果证明是个错误。
★ turn over 翻转；移交；仔细考虑 Turn over the page. 翻过这一页。
★ turn to 求助于；转向 She turned to her friends for help. 她向朋友求助。
★ turn up 出现；调高；发生 He turned up late for the meeting. 他开会迟到了。
七、bring 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ bring about 引起；导致 The new policy brought about many changes. 新政策带来了许多变化。
★ bring back 带回；使回忆起 The song brought back memories of my childhood. 这首歌让我想起了童年的回忆。
bring down 降低；打倒 The government is trying to bring down inflation. 政府正在努力降低通货膨胀。
★ bring forward 提出；提前 The meeting was brought forward to Monday. 会议提前到周一。
★ bring in 引入；赚得 The new product brought in a lot of profit. 新产品带来了很多利润。
bring on 引起；导致（坏事） Stress can bring on many health problems. 压力会导致许多健康问题。
★ bring out 出版；使显现 The company is bringing out a new model. 公司正在推出新款。
★ bring up 抚养；提出（话题） She was brought up by her grandparents. 她是由祖父母抚养长大的。
bring through 使度过难关 His courage brought him through the crisis. 他的勇气帮他度过了危机。
bring together 聚集；使团结 Music can bring people together. 音乐可以把人们聚集在一起。
八、give 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ give away 赠送；泄露；分发 He gave away all his money to charity. 他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。
★ give back 归还；回报 Please give back the book when you're done. 看完后请归还这本书。
★ give in 屈服；让步 He finally gave in to my demands. 他最终对我的要求让步了。
★ give off 发出（光、热、气味等） The fire gave off a lot of heat. 火散发出很多热量。
★ give out 分发；用完；公布 Our supplies gave out after three days. 三天后我们的补给用完了。
give over 移交；停止 Give over that work to me. 把那项工作交给我吧。
★ give up 放弃；戒除 He gave up smoking last year. 他去年戒烟了。
★ give way to 让位于；被……取代 The old buildings gave way to new ones. 旧建筑被新建筑取代了。
九、make 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
make for 走向；有助于 Early to bed makes for good health. 早睡有助于健康。
★ make into 把……制成；使转变为 They made the story into a movie. 他们把这个故事拍成了电影。
make of 理解；看待 What do you make of his behavior 你怎么看待他的行为？
make off 匆忙离开；逃跑 The thief made off with the money. 小偷带着钱逃跑了。
★ make out 辨认出；理解；填写 I could barely make out his handwriting. 我几乎辨认不出他的字迹。
make over 转让；改造 She made over the property to her son. 她把财产转让给了儿子。
★ make up 组成；编造；化妆；和解 She made up an excuse for being late. 她为迟到编造了一个借口。
★ make up for 弥补；补偿 Hard work can make up for lack of talent. 勤奋可以弥补天赋的不足。
★ make up one's mind 下定决心 I've made up my mind to study abroad. 我已下定决心出国留学。
★ make use of 利用 We should make good use of our time. 我们应该好好利用时间。
十、come 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ come about 发生；产生 How did the accident come about 事故是怎么发生的？
★ come across 偶然发现；被理解 I came across an old friend yesterday. 我昨天偶然遇到了一位老朋友。
★ come along 一起来；进展 How's your project coming along 你的项目进展如何？
come apart 破碎；散开 The book came apart at the seams. 书从装订处散开了。
★ come around 恢复知觉；改变观点；顺便来访 He finally came around to my point of view. 他最终接受了我的观点。
★ come back 回来；恢复 Fashion trends always come back. 时尚潮流总是会回归的。
★ come by 得到；经过 Good jobs are hard to come by these days. 如今好工作很难找。
★ come down 下降；流传下来 Prices have come down recently. 最近价格下降了。
★ come from 来自；起源于 Where do you come from 你来自哪里？
★ come in 进来；流行；到达 Long skirts are coming in this year. 今年流行长裙。
★ come into 进入；继承 She came into a fortune when her uncle died. 叔叔去世后她继承了一笔财产。
★ come off 脱落；成功；举行 The button came off my shirt. 我衬衫上的扣子掉了。
★ come on 快点；开始；加油 Come on, we're going to be late! 快点，我们要迟到了！
★ come out 出版；出现；结果是 When will the new book come out 新书什么时候出版？
★ come over 过来；顺便来访 Why don't you come over for dinner 你为什么不过来吃晚饭呢？
★ come through 经历；脱险；成功 He came through the operation successfully. 他成功挺过了手术。
★ come to 苏醒；总计；涉及 When he came to, he was in the hospital. 当他醒来时，他在医院里。
★ come up 出现；被提出；走近 A new problem has come up. 出现了一个新问题。
★ come up with 想出；提出 He came up with a brilliant idea. 他想出了一个绝妙的主意。
★ come true 实现 His dream finally came true. 他的梦想终于实现了。
十一、go 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
go about 着手做；四处走动 How should I go about solving this problem 我该如何着手解决这个问题？
★ go after 追求；追捕 Go after your dreams. 追求你的梦想。
★ go against 反对；违背 This goes against my principles. 这违背了我的原则。
★ go ahead 开始；继续；先走 Go ahead, I'll catch up with you. 你先走，我会追上你的。
★ go along with 赞同；配合 I can't go along with your plan. 我不能赞同你的计划。
★ go around 四处走动；流传；足够分配 There's a rumor going around about him. 关于他的谣言在四处流传。
★ go back 返回；追溯 This tradition goes back hundreds of years. 这个传统可以追溯到几百年前。
★ go back on 违背（诺言） He went back on his word. 他食言了。
★ go by 经过；依据；流逝 Time goes by so quickly. 时间过得真快。
★ go down 下降；下沉；被记录 The sun went down behind the mountains. 太阳落到了山后。
★ go for 去取；争取；喜欢 Go for it! 去争取吧！
go in for 从事；爱好 He goes in for sports. 他爱好运动。
★ go into 进入；调查；从事 The police are going into the case. 警方正在调查这个案件。
★ go off 爆炸；（闹钟）响；变质 The bomb went off in the city center. 炸弹在市中心爆炸了。
★ go on 继续；发生 Please go on with your story. 请继续讲你的故事。
★ go out 出去；熄灭；过时 The lights went out suddenly. 灯突然熄灭了。
★ go over 复习；检查；越过 Let's go over the plan again. 让我们再检查一下这个计划。
★ go through 经历；仔细检查；通过 She went through a difficult time. 她经历了一段艰难时期。
★ go up 上升；上涨；建造 Prices have gone up again. 价格又上涨了。
★ go with 伴随；与……相配 This tie goes well with your shirt. 这条领带和你的衬衫很配。
★ go without 没有……也行；缺乏 We had to go without food for two days. 我们不得不两天没吃东西。
十二、set 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
set about 着手；开始做 He set about his work immediately. 他立即着手工作。
★ set aside 留出；拨出；暂不考虑 Set aside some time for exercise. 留出一些时间锻炼。
★ set back 推迟；阻碍；使花费 The bad weather set back the project. 坏天气推迟了项目进度。
set down 放下；记下；制定 He set down his experiences in a book. 他把自己的经历写进了一本书里。
set forth 出发；阐明 He set forth his views in the meeting. 他在会议上阐述了自己的观点。
set in 开始（通常指不好的事） Winter has set in early this year. 今年冬天来得早。
★ set off 出发；引爆；引发 They set off for Paris this morning. 他们今天早上出发去巴黎了。
★ set out 出发；着手；陈述 He set out to prove his innocence. 他着手证明自己的清白。
★ set up 建立；设立；安装 They set up a new company. 他们成立了一家新公司。
set up with 为……安排 My friend set me up with a date. 我朋友给我安排了一次约会。
十三、pick 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
pick at 挑食；找茬 The child picked at his food. 那个孩子挑食。
★ pick on 欺负；挑剔 Why do you always pick on me 你为什么总是针对我？
★ pick out 挑选出；辨认出 Can you pick out your sister in this photo 你能在这张照片里认出你妹妹吗？
★ pick up 捡起；学会；接人；好转 I picked up some French while in Paris. 我在巴黎时学会了一些法语。
pick up with 与……结识 He picked up with some interesting people. 他结识了一些有趣的人。
十四、carry 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ carry away 使激动；使失去理智 Don't get carried away by your emotions. 不要被情绪冲昏头脑。
carry back 使回忆起 The smell carried me back to my childhood. 这气味让我想起了童年。
carry forward 推进；发扬 We must carry forward the tradition. 我们必须发扬这个传统。
★ carry off 夺走；成功应付 She carried off the first prize. 她获得了一等奖。
★ carry on 继续；进行 Let's carry on with our discussion. 让我们继续讨论。
★ carry out 执行；实施 They carried out the plan successfully. 他们成功执行了计划。
carry over 延续；推迟 The discussion carried over to the next meeting. 讨论延续到了下次会议。
carry through 完成；度过难关 His determination carried him through. 他的决心帮他度过了难关。
十五、keep 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
keep at 坚持做 Keep at it and you'll succeed. 坚持下去，你会成功的。
★ keep away 远离；不让靠近 Keep away from the fire. 远离火源。
★ keep back 阻止；隐瞒 She couldn't keep back her tears. 她忍不住流下了眼泪。
★ keep down 控制；压制 Keep your voice down. 小声点。
★ keep from 阻止；抑制 I couldn't keep from laughing. 我忍不住笑了起来。
keep in 把……关在里面；抑制 He was kept in after school. 放学后他被留校了。
★ keep off 远离；不让接近 Keep off the grass. 勿践踏草坪。
★ keep on 继续 Keep on trying! 继续努力！
★ keep out 不让进入 This coat will keep out the cold. 这件外套可以御寒。
★ keep to 遵守；坚持 Keep to the plan. 坚持计划。
★ keep up 保持；继续 Keep up the good work! 继续保持！
★ keep up with 跟上；与……保持联系 It's hard to keep up with the latest technology. 很难跟上最新的技术。
第二部分 介词短语
介词短语在完形填空中常作为固定搭配出现，本部分按介词分类整理常用介词短语，帮助考生系统掌握。
一、at 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
at a loss 不知所措；亏本 I was at a loss for words. 我不知道说什么好。
at a time 一次；每次 Take one pill at a time. 每次服一片。
at all costs 不惜一切代价 We must succeed at all costs. 我们必须不惜一切代价成功。
at any rate 无论如何 At any rate, we should try. 无论如何，我们应该尝试。
at best 充其量；至多 At best, we can only guess. 充其量我们只能猜测。
at ease 自在；舒适 He felt at ease in her company. 和她在一起他感到自在。
at first 起初；首先 At first, I didn't like him. 起初我不喜欢他。
at first sight 乍一看 They fell in love at first sight. 他们一见钟情。
at hand 在手边；即将到来 Help is at hand. 帮助就在身边。
at heart 内心里；本质上 He is kind at heart. 他本质上是个善良的人。
at home 在家；自在 Make yourself at home. 别客气，就像在自己家一样。
at last 终于；最后 At last, we reached the top. 我们终于到达了山顶。
at least 至少 At least try to be on time. 至少尽量准时。
at length 详细地；最终 He explained at length what had happened. 他详细解释了发生的事情。
at most 至多 It will take an hour at most. 最多需要一小时。
at once 立刻；同时 Come here at once! 立刻过来！
at present 目前；现在 At present, we have no vacancies. 目前我们没有空缺。
at random 随机地 The winner was chosen at random. 获胜者是随机选出的。
at risk 处于危险中 The patients are at risk. 病人们处于危险中。
at stake 岌岌可危 His reputation is at stake. 他的名誉岌岌可危。
at the cost of 以……为代价 He succeeded at the cost of his health. 他以健康为代价取得了成功。
at the mercy of 任由……摆布 We were at the mercy of the weather. 我们任由天气摆布。
at times 有时；偶尔 At times I feel like giving up. 有时我想放弃。
at work 在工作中；起作用 The medicine is at work. 药物正在起作用。
二、by 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
by accident 偶然地 I met him by accident. 我偶然遇到了他。
by all means 务必；当然可以 By all means, help yourself. 请自便。
by chance 偶然地 I found the book by chance. 我偶然发现了这本书。
by comparison 比较起来 By comparison, this one is better. 比较起来，这个更好。
by day/night 在白天/晚上 He works by day and studies by night. 他白天工作，晚上学习。
by far ……得多（修饰比较级、最高级） This is by far the best. 这是最好的。
by hand 用手；手工 The rug was made by hand. 这块地毯是手工制作的。
by heart 凭记忆 I know the poem by heart. 我能背诵这首诗。
by means of 通过；借助于 He succeeded by means of hard work. 他通过努力工作取得了成功。
by mistake 错误地 I took your umbrella by mistake. 我错拿了你的伞。
by no means 决不 This is by no means easy. 这决不容易。
by oneself 独自地 She lives by herself. 她独自生活。
by the way 顺便说一下 By the way, have you seen John 顺便问一下，你见过约翰吗？
by turns 轮流地 They were happy and sad by turns. 他们时而高兴时而悲伤。
by virtue of 凭借；因为 He succeeded by virtue of his talent. 他凭借自己的天赋取得了成功。
三、in 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
in a hurry 匆忙地 He left in a hurry. 他匆忙离开了。
in a sense 在某种意义上 In a sense, you're right. 在某种意义上，你是对的。
in a word 简言之 In a word, I disagree. 简言之，我不同意。
in addition 此外 In addition, there's another problem. 此外，还有另一个问题。
in advance 提前；预先 Please pay in advance. 请预先付款。
in all 总共 There were fifty people in all. 总共有五十人。
in any case 无论如何 In any case, we must try. 无论如何，我们必须尝试。
in brief 简言之 In brief, the situation is serious. 简言之，情况很严重。
in case 万一；以防 Take an umbrella in case it rains. 带把伞以防下雨。
in charge of 负责；管理 Who is in charge of this project 谁负责这个项目？
in common 共同；共有 We have a lot in common. 我们有很多共同点。
in conclusion 总之 In conclusion, I'd like to thank everyone. 总之，我想感谢大家。
in condition 健康状况良好 He's in good condition for his age. 就他的年龄而言，他身体状况良好。
in debt 负债 He's deeply in debt. 他负债累累。
in detail 详细地 Please explain in detail. 请详细解释。
in fact 事实上 In fact, I've never been there. 事实上，我从没去过那里。
in favor of 支持；赞成 I'm in favor of the plan. 我支持这个计划。
in front of 在……前面 There's a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。
in general 一般而言 In general, women live longer than men. 一般而言，女性比男性长寿。
in honor of 为纪念；为庆祝 A ceremony was held in honor of the victims. 举行了仪式纪念遇难者。
in memory of 为纪念 The statue was built in memory of the hero. 这座雕像是为了纪念那位英雄而建的。
in need of 需要 He's in need of help. 他需要帮助。
in no time 很快；马上 I'll be back in no time. 我马上就回来。
in order 整齐；按顺序 Everything is in order. 一切井然有序。
in other words 换句话说 In other words, he refused. 换句话说，他拒绝了。
in particular 尤其；特别 I liked the last song in particular. 我特别喜欢最后一首歌。
in person 亲自 You must apply in person. 你必须亲自申请。
in place 在适当的位置 Everything is in place. 一切就绪。
in practice 实际上；在实践中 In practice, it's not that simple. 实际上，没那么简单。
in public 公开地；当众 He's shy speaking in public. 他害羞，不敢当众讲话。
in reality 实际上 In reality, things are different. 实际上，情况不同。
in return 作为回报 I bought him lunch in return for his help. 我请他吃午饭以回报他的帮助。
in short 简言之 In short, we need more money. 简言之，我们需要更多钱。
in sight 看得见；在望 Victory is in sight. 胜利在望。
in spite of 尽管 He went out in spite of the rain. 尽管下雨，他还是出去了。
in stock 有现货 We have this item in stock. 这个商品我们有现货。
in store 即将发生；储备 There's a surprise in store for you. 有个惊喜等着你。
in terms of 就……而言 In terms of quality, this is the best. 就质量而言，这是最好的。
in the end 最终 In the end, we agreed. 最终，我们达成了一致。
in the long run 从长远来看 In the long run, it will be worth it. 从长远来看，这是值得的。
in time 及时；最终 We arrived in time for the meeting. 我们及时赶到了会议。
in touch 保持联系 Let's keep in touch. 让我们保持联系。
in trouble 处于困境中 He's in trouble with the police. 他有麻烦了，警察在找他。
in turn 依次；反过来 Each student spoke in turn. 每个学生依次发言。
in vain 徒劳 All our efforts were in vain. 我们所有的努力都白费了。
四、on 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
on account of 因为；由于 He retired on account of ill health. 他因健康原因退休了。
on average 平均 On average, people sleep 8 hours a day. 平均来说，人们每天睡8小时。
on behalf of 代表 I'm speaking on behalf of the team. 我代表团队发言。
on board 在船/飞机上；支持 Everyone on board survived. 机上所有人都幸存了。
on business 出差 He's away on business. 他出差了。
on condition that 条件是 I'll help on condition that you keep it secret. 我可以帮忙，条件是你得保密。
on duty 值班；上班 I'm on duty tonight. 我今晚值班。
on fire 着火 The building is on fire! 大楼着火了！
on foot 步行 We went there on foot. 我们步行去那里。
on guard 警惕；站岗 Be on guard against pickpockets. 谨防扒手。
on hand 在手边；现有 We have plenty of supplies on hand. 我们现有充足的补给。
on holiday 在度假 They're on holiday in France. 他们在法国度假。
on purpose 故意地 I did it on purpose. 我是故意做的。
on sale 出售；打折 These shoes are on sale. 这些鞋子在打折。
on schedule 按时 The train arrived on schedule. 火车准时到达。
on strike 罢工 The workers are on strike. 工人们在罢工。
on the contrary 相反 On the contrary, I agree with you. 相反，我同意你的看法。
on the other hand 另一方面 On the other hand, it's expensive. 另一方面，它很贵。
on the spot 当场；立即 He was arrested on the spot. 他被当场逮捕。
on the whole 总的来说 On the whole, it was a good day. 总的来说，这是美好的一天。
on time 准时 The train arrived on time. 火车准时到达。
on top of 在……上面；除……之外 On top of everything else, I lost my job. 除了其他事情，我还丢了工作。
五、out of 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
out of breath 上气不接下气 I was out of breath after running. 跑完后我上气不接下气。
out of control 失去控制 The fire was out of control. 火势失去了控制。
out of date 过时的 This information is out of date. 这信息过时了。
out of order 出故障；次序颠倒 The phone is out of order. 电话坏了。
out of place 不合适；不恰当 I felt out of place at the party. 我在聚会上感到格格不入。
out of question 不可能 That's out of question. 那是不可能的。
out of the question 不可能 A vacation is out of the question. 度假是不可能的。
out of reach 够不着；无法达到 The book is out of my reach. 我够不着那本书。
out of sight 看不见 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。
out of touch 失去联系 We've been out of touch for years. 我们已经多年没有联系了。
out of work 失业 He's been out of work for six months. 他已经失业六个月了。
六、to 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
to a degree 在一定程度上 I agree with you to a degree. 我在一定程度上同意你的看法。
to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 To my surprise, he won. 令我惊讶的是，他赢了。
to one's delight 令某人高兴的是 To my delight, she accepted. 令我高兴的是，她接受了。
to one's relief 令某人宽慰的是 To my relief, he was safe. 令我宽慰的是，他很安全。
to the point 切题；中肯 His speech was brief and to the point. 他的演讲简明扼要。
七、under 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
under age 未成年 You're under age to drink. 你还没到喝酒的年龄。
under control 在控制之下 The situation is under control. 局势在控制之下。
under construction 在建设中 The bridge is under construction. 桥梁正在建设中。
under discussion 在讨论中 The matter is under discussion. 这件事正在讨论中。
under pressure 在压力下 He works well under pressure. 他在压力下工作得很好。
under repair 在维修中 The road is under repair. 道路正在维修。
under the weather 身体不适 I'm feeling under the weather today. 我今天感觉不舒服。
八、with/without 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
with ease 容易地 He passed the exam with ease. 他轻松通过了考试。
with pleasure 乐意地 I'll help you with pleasure. 我很乐意帮助你。
with regard to 关于 With regard to your request... 关于您的请求……
with respect to 关于 With respect to this issue... 关于这个问题……
9、without 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
without delay 立即 Please reply without delay. 请立即回复。
without doubt 毫无疑问 He is without doubt the best player. 毫无疑问，他是最好的选手。
第三部分 近义短语辨析
近义短语辨析是完形填空的难点，本部分针对常考的近义短语进行对比分析，帮助考生准确区分，避免失分。
1. break短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
break down （机器）出故障；（人）崩溃；分解 强调停止运转或情绪崩溃
break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发 强调突然发生，常用于灾难性事件
break up 分手；解散；打碎 强调关系的结束或整体的破碎
break in 闯入；打断（谈话） 强调强行进入或插话
break into 闯入；突然开始 后接地点名词或表示突然开始某种行为
【辨析要点】break down侧重于停止运转；break out用于灾难爆发；break up用于关系结束；break in/into用于闯入
2. take短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
take off 起飞；脱下；突然成功 强调离开地面或脱去衣物
take up 开始从事；占据（时间/空间） 强调开始新事物或占用资源
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗 强调接收信息或被骗
take on 承担；雇佣；呈现 强调接受责任或雇佣人员
take over 接管；接手 强调获得控制权
【辨析要点】take off强调离开或成功；take up强调开始或占用；take in强调吸收或欺骗；take on强调承担；take over强调接管
3. put短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
put off 推迟；延期 强调时间上的延后
put up 举起；建造；张贴 强调物理上的举起或建立
put on 穿上；上演；增加 强调穿戴或表演
put out 熄灭；出版；使烦恼 强调熄灭火或发布产品
put away 收起；储存 强调整理收纳
【辨析要点】put off用于推迟；put up用于建造或张贴；put on用于穿戴；put out用于熄灭；put away用于收纳
4. get短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
get over 克服；从……恢复 强调战胜困难或疾病
get through 通过；完成；接通电话 强调成功完成或打通电话
get across 使理解；传达 强调观点被理解
get along 相处融洽；进展 强调人际关系或事情进展
get away 逃离；度假 强调逃脱或休息
【辨析要点】get over用于克服困难；get through用于完成或打通；get across用于传达理解；get along用于相处；get away用于逃离
5. look短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
look after 照顾；照看 强调照料责任
look for 寻找 强调搜寻过程
look up 查阅；好转；拜访 强调查找信息或情况改善
look into 调查；研究 强调深入调查
look forward to 期待；盼望 后接动名词，强调期盼
【辨析要点】look after用于照顾；look for用于寻找；look up用于查阅；look into用于调查；look forward to后接doing
6. turn短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
turn down 拒绝；调低 强调拒绝请求或降低音量
turn up 出现；调高 强调出现或提高音量
turn out 结果是；证明是 强调最终结果
turn over 翻转；移交 强调翻动或转移
turn into 变成 强调形态转变
【辨析要点】turn down用于拒绝或调低；turn up用于出现或调高；turn out用于结果；turn over用于翻转；turn into用于转变
7. come短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
come about 发生；产生 强调事情的发生方式
come across 偶然发现；被理解 强调意外发现
come up with 想出；提出 强调主动提出想法
come out 出版；出现；结果是 强调结果或发布
come to 苏醒；总计；涉及 强调恢复意识或总数
【辨析要点】come about用于发生；come across用于偶然发现；come up with用于想出；come out用于出版或结果；come to用于苏醒
8. go短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
go through 经历；仔细检查 强调经历过程或详细审查
go over 复习；检查 强调再次查看
go into 进入；调查 强调深入某事
go on 继续；发生 强调持续进行
go off 爆炸；（闹钟）响 强调突然发生
【辨析要点】go through用于经历或检查；go over用于复习；go into用于调查；go on用于继续；go off用于爆炸
9. make短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
make up 组成；编造；化妆；和解 强调构成或虚构
make up for 弥补；补偿 强调补偿损失
make out 辨认出；理解 强调勉强看清或理解
make for 走向；有助于 强调方向或促成
make into 把……制成 强调材料转变
【辨析要点】make up用于编造或组成；make up for用于弥补；make out用于辨认；make for用于走向；make into用于制成
10. give短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
give up 放弃；戒除 强调主动放弃
give in 屈服；让步 强调被迫妥协
give away 赠送；泄露 强调无偿给予或无意泄露
give out 分发；用完 强调分配或耗尽
give off 发出（光、热、气味） 强调散发物质
【辨析要点】give up是主动放弃；give in是被迫屈服；give away是赠送或泄露；give out是分发或用完；give off是散发
11. carry短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
carry on 继续；进行 强调持续做某事
carry out 执行；实施 强调完成任务
carry off 夺走；成功应付 强调获得或应对
carry away 使激动；使失去理智 强调情绪影响
carry through 完成；度过难关 强调坚持到底
【辨析要点】carry on用于继续；carry out用于执行；carry off用于夺走；carry away用于激动；carry through用于完成
12. keep短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
keep on 继续 强调持续动作
keep up 保持；继续 强调维持水平
keep up with 跟上 强调不落后
keep back 阻止；隐瞒 强调保留或阻止
keep off 远离 强调保持距离
【辨析要点】keep on用于继续动作；keep up用于保持水平；keep up with用于跟上；keep back用于隐瞒；keep off用于远离
动词短语是完形填空的重点考查内容，本部分按核心动词分类整理高频动词短语，每个短语配有详细释义和语境例句，帮助考生系统掌握。
一、break 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ break down （机器）出故障；（人）崩溃；分解 The car broke down on the highway. 汽车在高速公路上抛锚了。
★ break in 闯入；打断（谈话）；驯服 Someone broke in and stole the jewelry. 有人闯入偷走了珠宝。
★ break into 闯入；突然开始 He broke into tears when he heard the news. 听到消息时他突然哭了起来。
break off 中断；折断；断绝关系 They broke off their engagement. 他们解除了婚约。
★ break out （战争、火灾等）爆发；逃脱 A fire broke out in the building. 大楼里发生了火灾。
★ break through 突破；取得重大进展 Scientists have broken through in cancer research. 科学家在癌症研究上取得了突破。
★ break up 分手；解散；打碎 They broke up after five years together. 他们在一起五年后分手了。
break away 脱离；挣脱 The region broke away from the country. 该地区脱离了这个国家。
二、take 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ take after （性格、外貌）像（父母） She takes after her mother in appearance. 她外貌像她母亲。
take apart 拆开；拆卸 He took the watch apart to repair it. 他把手表拆开修理。
★ take back 收回（话语）；退货 I take back what I said. 我收回我说的话。
★ take down 记下；取下；拆除 Please take down these notes. 请记下这些笔记。
★ take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 I couldn't take in all the information. 我无法理解所有信息。
★ take off 起飞；脱下；突然成功 The plane took off on time. 飞机准时起飞了。
★ take on 承担；雇佣；呈现 He took on too much responsibility. 他承担了太多责任。
★ take over 接管；接手 She took over the company from her father. 她从父亲手中接管了公司。
★ take up 开始从事；占据（时间/空间） He took up golf last year. 他去年开始打高尔夫球。
take to 开始喜欢；养成……习惯 He took to drinking after his wife died. 妻子去世后他开始酗酒。
take aback 使吃惊；使困惑 I was taken aback by his rude remark. 他粗鲁的话让我大吃一惊。
take for 误认为是；把……当作 I took him for his brother. 我把他误认为是他哥哥。
三、put 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ put aside 放在一边；储存；暂不考虑 Put aside some money for emergencies. 存些钱以备不时之需。
★ put away 收起；储存；吃很多 Put away your toys when you're done playing. 玩完后把玩具收起来。
put back 放回原处；推迟 Put the book back on the shelf. 把书放回书架上。
★ put down 放下；写下；镇压 Put down your name and address. 写下你的姓名和地址。
★ put forward 提出（建议、计划等） He put forward a new proposal. 他提出了一个新的建议。
★ put in 投入（时间、精力）；安装 He put in a lot of effort on this project. 他在这项目上投入了很多精力。
★ put off 推迟；延期；使反感 The meeting was put off until next week. 会议推迟到下周。
★ put on 穿上；上演；增加（体重） He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上外套出去了。
★ put out 熄灭；出版；使烦恼 Firefighters put out the fire. 消防员扑灭了大火。
put through 接通电话；使经历 Please put me through to the manager. 请帮我接通经理的电话。
★ put up 举起；建造；张贴；提供住宿 They put up a new building. 他们建了一座新楼。
★ put up with 忍受；容忍 I can't put up with his behavior anymore. 我再也无法忍受他的行为了。
四、get 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
get about 四处走动；（消息）传开 The news soon got about. 消息很快传开了。
★ get across 使理解；传达 I couldn't get my point across. 我无法让人理解我的观点。
★ get along 相处融洽；进展 We get along well with our neighbors. 我们和邻居相处得很好。
get around 四处走动；规避；传开 Bad news gets around quickly. 坏消息传得很快。
get at 到达；意指；责备 What are you getting at 你到底是什么意思？
★ get away 逃离；度假 The thief got away with the money. 小偷带着钱逃跑了。
★ get back 返回；取回；恢复 I hope to get back by six. 我希望六点前回来。
★ get by 勉强过活；通过 We can get by on very little money. 我们可以靠很少的钱过活。
get down 下来；写下；使沮丧 The bad weather really gets me down. 坏天气真让我沮丧。
★ get in 进入；到达；当选 What time does the train get in 火车什么时候到？
★ get off 下车；逃脱惩罚 Get off the bus at the next stop. 在下一站下车。
★ get on 上车；相处；进展 How are you getting on with your new job 你的新工作进展如何？
★ get out 出去；（消息）泄露 How did the secret get out 秘密是怎么泄露的？
★ get over 克服；从……恢复 She finally got over her fear of heights. 她终于克服了恐高症。
★ get through 通过；完成；接通电话 I finally got through the exam. 我终于通过了考试。
★ get together 聚集；聚会 Let's get together for dinner sometime. 找时间一起吃个饭吧。
★ get up 起床；站起来 I usually get up at seven. 我通常七点起床。
五、look 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ look after 照顾；照看 Can you look after my cat while I'm away 我不在时你能帮我照看猫吗？
look ahead 向前看；展望未来 We need to look ahead and plan for the future. 我们需要向前看，为未来做打算。
★ look around 四处看看；环顾 Let's look around the store. 我们在店里四处看看吧。
★ look at 看；考虑；研究 We need to look at all the options. 我们需要考虑所有选择。
★ look back 回顾；回忆 Looking back, I have no regrets. 回首往事，我没有遗憾。
★ look down on 看不起；轻视 Don't look down on people who are less fortunate. 不要看不起那些不幸的人。
★ look for 寻找；寻求 I'm looking for my keys. 我在找我的钥匙。
★ look forward to 期待；盼望 I'm looking forward to seeing you again. 我期待再次见到你。
look in 顺便拜访；往里看 I'll look in on my way home. 我回家路上顺便去看看。
★ look into 调查；研究 The police are looking into the case. 警方正在调查这个案件。
★ look on 旁观；看待 He just looked on while others did the work. 别人干活时他只是旁观。
★ look out 当心；注意 Look out! There's a car coming. 小心！有车来了。
★ look over 检查；审阅 Please look over this report. 请审阅这份报告。
★ look through 浏览；仔细查看 I looked through the magazine quickly. 我快速浏览了这本杂志。
★ look up 查阅；好转；拜访 You can look up the word in the dictionary. 你可以在字典里查阅这个词。
★ look up to 尊敬；仰视 I've always looked up to my older brother. 我一直很尊敬我哥哥。
六、turn 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ turn around 转身；（生意）好转 The company has turned around since the new manager came. 自从新经理来了，公司情况好转了。
turn away 拒绝进入；转过脸去 The theater turned away hundreds of people. 剧院拒绝了数百人入场。
turn back 返回；折回 We had to turn back because of the storm. 因为暴风雨我们不得不折返。
★ turn down 拒绝；调低（音量等） He turned down the job offer. 他拒绝了这份工作。
★ turn in 上交；告发；就寝 Please turn in your homework by Friday. 请在周五前上交作业。
★ turn into 变成；转化为 The caterpillar turned into a butterfly. 毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。
★ turn off 关闭（电器）；使失去兴趣 Turn off the lights when you leave. 离开时关灯。
★ turn on 打开（电器）；使兴奋 Turn on the TV, please. 请打开电视。
★ turn out 结果是；证明是；出席 It turned out to be a mistake. 结果证明是个错误。
★ turn over 翻转；移交；仔细考虑 Turn over the page. 翻过这一页。
★ turn to 求助于；转向 She turned to her friends for help. 她向朋友求助。
★ turn up 出现；调高；发生 He turned up late for the meeting. 他开会迟到了。
七、bring 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ bring about 引起；导致 The new policy brought about many changes. 新政策带来了许多变化。
★ bring back 带回；使回忆起 The song brought back memories of my childhood. 这首歌让我想起了童年的回忆。
bring down 降低；打倒 The government is trying to bring down inflation. 政府正在努力降低通货膨胀。
★ bring forward 提出；提前 The meeting was brought forward to Monday. 会议提前到周一。
★ bring in 引入；赚得 The new product brought in a lot of profit. 新产品带来了很多利润。
bring on 引起；导致（坏事） Stress can bring on many health problems. 压力会导致许多健康问题。
★ bring out 出版；使显现 The company is bringing out a new model. 公司正在推出新款。
★ bring up 抚养；提出（话题） She was brought up by her grandparents. 她是由祖父母抚养长大的。
bring through 使度过难关 His courage brought him through the crisis. 他的勇气帮他度过了危机。
bring together 聚集；使团结 Music can bring people together. 音乐可以把人们聚集在一起。
八、give 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ give away 赠送；泄露；分发 He gave away all his money to charity. 他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。
★ give back 归还；回报 Please give back the book when you're done. 看完后请归还这本书。
★ give in 屈服；让步 He finally gave in to my demands. 他最终对我的要求让步了。
★ give off 发出（光、热、气味等） The fire gave off a lot of heat. 火散发出很多热量。
★ give out 分发；用完；公布 Our supplies gave out after three days. 三天后我们的补给用完了。
give over 移交；停止 Give over that work to me. 把那项工作交给我吧。
★ give up 放弃；戒除 He gave up smoking last year. 他去年戒烟了。
★ give way to 让位于；被……取代 The old buildings gave way to new ones. 旧建筑被新建筑取代了。
九、make 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
make for 走向；有助于 Early to bed makes for good health. 早睡有助于健康。
★ make into 把……制成；使转变为 They made the story into a movie. 他们把这个故事拍成了电影。
make of 理解；看待 What do you make of his behavior 你怎么看待他的行为？
make off 匆忙离开；逃跑 The thief made off with the money. 小偷带着钱逃跑了。
★ make out 辨认出；理解；填写 I could barely make out his handwriting. 我几乎辨认不出他的字迹。
make over 转让；改造 She made over the property to her son. 她把财产转让给了儿子。
★ make up 组成；编造；化妆；和解 She made up an excuse for being late. 她为迟到编造了一个借口。
★ make up for 弥补；补偿 Hard work can make up for lack of talent. 勤奋可以弥补天赋的不足。
★ make up one's mind 下定决心 I've made up my mind to study abroad. 我已下定决心出国留学。
★ make use of 利用 We should make good use of our time. 我们应该好好利用时间。
十、come 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ come about 发生；产生 How did the accident come about 事故是怎么发生的？
★ come across 偶然发现；被理解 I came across an old friend yesterday. 我昨天偶然遇到了一位老朋友。
★ come along 一起来；进展 How's your project coming along 你的项目进展如何？
come apart 破碎；散开 The book came apart at the seams. 书从装订处散开了。
★ come around 恢复知觉；改变观点；顺便来访 He finally came around to my point of view. 他最终接受了我的观点。
★ come back 回来；恢复 Fashion trends always come back. 时尚潮流总是会回归的。
★ come by 得到；经过 Good jobs are hard to come by these days. 如今好工作很难找。
★ come down 下降；流传下来 Prices have come down recently. 最近价格下降了。
★ come from 来自；起源于 Where do you come from 你来自哪里？
★ come in 进来；流行；到达 Long skirts are coming in this year. 今年流行长裙。
★ come into 进入；继承 She came into a fortune when her uncle died. 叔叔去世后她继承了一笔财产。
★ come off 脱落；成功；举行 The button came off my shirt. 我衬衫上的扣子掉了。
★ come on 快点；开始；加油 Come on, we're going to be late! 快点，我们要迟到了！
★ come out 出版；出现；结果是 When will the new book come out 新书什么时候出版？
★ come over 过来；顺便来访 Why don't you come over for dinner 你为什么不过来吃晚饭呢？
★ come through 经历；脱险；成功 He came through the operation successfully. 他成功挺过了手术。
★ come to 苏醒；总计；涉及 When he came to, he was in the hospital. 当他醒来时，他在医院里。
★ come up 出现；被提出；走近 A new problem has come up. 出现了一个新问题。
★ come up with 想出；提出 He came up with a brilliant idea. 他想出了一个绝妙的主意。
★ come true 实现 His dream finally came true. 他的梦想终于实现了。
十一、go 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
go about 着手做；四处走动 How should I go about solving this problem 我该如何着手解决这个问题？
★ go after 追求；追捕 Go after your dreams. 追求你的梦想。
★ go against 反对；违背 This goes against my principles. 这违背了我的原则。
★ go ahead 开始；继续；先走 Go ahead, I'll catch up with you. 你先走，我会追上你的。
★ go along with 赞同；配合 I can't go along with your plan. 我不能赞同你的计划。
★ go around 四处走动；流传；足够分配 There's a rumor going around about him. 关于他的谣言在四处流传。
★ go back 返回；追溯 This tradition goes back hundreds of years. 这个传统可以追溯到几百年前。
★ go back on 违背（诺言） He went back on his word. 他食言了。
★ go by 经过；依据；流逝 Time goes by so quickly. 时间过得真快。
★ go down 下降；下沉；被记录 The sun went down behind the mountains. 太阳落到了山后。
★ go for 去取；争取；喜欢 Go for it! 去争取吧！
go in for 从事；爱好 He goes in for sports. 他爱好运动。
★ go into 进入；调查；从事 The police are going into the case. 警方正在调查这个案件。
★ go off 爆炸；（闹钟）响；变质 The bomb went off in the city center. 炸弹在市中心爆炸了。
★ go on 继续；发生 Please go on with your story. 请继续讲你的故事。
★ go out 出去；熄灭；过时 The lights went out suddenly. 灯突然熄灭了。
★ go over 复习；检查；越过 Let's go over the plan again. 让我们再检查一下这个计划。
★ go through 经历；仔细检查；通过 She went through a difficult time. 她经历了一段艰难时期。
★ go up 上升；上涨；建造 Prices have gone up again. 价格又上涨了。
★ go with 伴随；与……相配 This tie goes well with your shirt. 这条领带和你的衬衫很配。
★ go without 没有……也行；缺乏 We had to go without food for two days. 我们不得不两天没吃东西。
十二、set 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
set about 着手；开始做 He set about his work immediately. 他立即着手工作。
★ set aside 留出；拨出；暂不考虑 Set aside some time for exercise. 留出一些时间锻炼。
★ set back 推迟；阻碍；使花费 The bad weather set back the project. 坏天气推迟了项目进度。
set down 放下；记下；制定 He set down his experiences in a book. 他把自己的经历写进了一本书里。
set forth 出发；阐明 He set forth his views in the meeting. 他在会议上阐述了自己的观点。
set in 开始（通常指不好的事） Winter has set in early this year. 今年冬天来得早。
★ set off 出发；引爆；引发 They set off for Paris this morning. 他们今天早上出发去巴黎了。
★ set out 出发；着手；陈述 He set out to prove his innocence. 他着手证明自己的清白。
★ set up 建立；设立；安装 They set up a new company. 他们成立了一家新公司。
set up with 为……安排 My friend set me up with a date. 我朋友给我安排了一次约会。
十三、pick 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
pick at 挑食；找茬 The child picked at his food. 那个孩子挑食。
★ pick on 欺负；挑剔 Why do you always pick on me 你为什么总是针对我？
★ pick out 挑选出；辨认出 Can you pick out your sister in this photo 你能在这张照片里认出你妹妹吗？
★ pick up 捡起；学会；接人；好转 I picked up some French while in Paris. 我在巴黎时学会了一些法语。
pick up with 与……结识 He picked up with some interesting people. 他结识了一些有趣的人。
十四、carry 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
★ carry away 使激动；使失去理智 Don't get carried away by your emotions. 不要被情绪冲昏头脑。
carry back 使回忆起 The smell carried me back to my childhood. 这气味让我想起了童年。
carry forward 推进；发扬 We must carry forward the tradition. 我们必须发扬这个传统。
★ carry off 夺走；成功应付 She carried off the first prize. 她获得了一等奖。
★ carry on 继续；进行 Let's carry on with our discussion. 让我们继续讨论。
★ carry out 执行；实施 They carried out the plan successfully. 他们成功执行了计划。
carry over 延续；推迟 The discussion carried over to the next meeting. 讨论延续到了下次会议。
carry through 完成；度过难关 His determination carried him through. 他的决心帮他度过了难关。
十五、keep 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
keep at 坚持做 Keep at it and you'll succeed. 坚持下去，你会成功的。
★ keep away 远离；不让靠近 Keep away from the fire. 远离火源。
★ keep back 阻止；隐瞒 She couldn't keep back her tears. 她忍不住流下了眼泪。
★ keep down 控制；压制 Keep your voice down. 小声点。
★ keep from 阻止；抑制 I couldn't keep from laughing. 我忍不住笑了起来。
keep in 把……关在里面；抑制 He was kept in after school. 放学后他被留校了。
★ keep off 远离；不让接近 Keep off the grass. 勿践踏草坪。
★ keep on 继续 Keep on trying! 继续努力！
★ keep out 不让进入 This coat will keep out the cold. 这件外套可以御寒。
★ keep to 遵守；坚持 Keep to the plan. 坚持计划。
★ keep up 保持；继续 Keep up the good work! 继续保持！
★ keep up with 跟上；与……保持联系 It's hard to keep up with the latest technology. 很难跟上最新的技术。
第二部分 介词短语
介词短语在完形填空中常作为固定搭配出现，本部分按介词分类整理常用介词短语，帮助考生系统掌握。
一、at 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
at a loss 不知所措；亏本 I was at a loss for words. 我不知道说什么好。
at a time 一次；每次 Take one pill at a time. 每次服一片。
at all costs 不惜一切代价 We must succeed at all costs. 我们必须不惜一切代价成功。
at any rate 无论如何 At any rate, we should try. 无论如何，我们应该尝试。
at best 充其量；至多 At best, we can only guess. 充其量我们只能猜测。
at ease 自在；舒适 He felt at ease in her company. 和她在一起他感到自在。
at first 起初；首先 At first, I didn't like him. 起初我不喜欢他。
at first sight 乍一看 They fell in love at first sight. 他们一见钟情。
at hand 在手边；即将到来 Help is at hand. 帮助就在身边。
at heart 内心里；本质上 He is kind at heart. 他本质上是个善良的人。
at home 在家；自在 Make yourself at home. 别客气，就像在自己家一样。
at last 终于；最后 At last, we reached the top. 我们终于到达了山顶。
at least 至少 At least try to be on time. 至少尽量准时。
at length 详细地；最终 He explained at length what had happened. 他详细解释了发生的事情。
at most 至多 It will take an hour at most. 最多需要一小时。
at once 立刻；同时 Come here at once! 立刻过来！
at present 目前；现在 At present, we have no vacancies. 目前我们没有空缺。
at random 随机地 The winner was chosen at random. 获胜者是随机选出的。
at risk 处于危险中 The patients are at risk. 病人们处于危险中。
at stake 岌岌可危 His reputation is at stake. 他的名誉岌岌可危。
at the cost of 以……为代价 He succeeded at the cost of his health. 他以健康为代价取得了成功。
at the mercy of 任由……摆布 We were at the mercy of the weather. 我们任由天气摆布。
at times 有时；偶尔 At times I feel like giving up. 有时我想放弃。
at work 在工作中；起作用 The medicine is at work. 药物正在起作用。
二、by 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
by accident 偶然地 I met him by accident. 我偶然遇到了他。
by all means 务必；当然可以 By all means, help yourself. 请自便。
by chance 偶然地 I found the book by chance. 我偶然发现了这本书。
by comparison 比较起来 By comparison, this one is better. 比较起来，这个更好。
by day/night 在白天/晚上 He works by day and studies by night. 他白天工作，晚上学习。
by far ……得多（修饰比较级、最高级） This is by far the best. 这是最好的。
by hand 用手；手工 The rug was made by hand. 这块地毯是手工制作的。
by heart 凭记忆 I know the poem by heart. 我能背诵这首诗。
by means of 通过；借助于 He succeeded by means of hard work. 他通过努力工作取得了成功。
by mistake 错误地 I took your umbrella by mistake. 我错拿了你的伞。
by no means 决不 This is by no means easy. 这决不容易。
by oneself 独自地 She lives by herself. 她独自生活。
by the way 顺便说一下 By the way, have you seen John 顺便问一下，你见过约翰吗？
by turns 轮流地 They were happy and sad by turns. 他们时而高兴时而悲伤。
by virtue of 凭借；因为 He succeeded by virtue of his talent. 他凭借自己的天赋取得了成功。
三、in 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
in a hurry 匆忙地 He left in a hurry. 他匆忙离开了。
in a sense 在某种意义上 In a sense, you're right. 在某种意义上，你是对的。
in a word 简言之 In a word, I disagree. 简言之，我不同意。
in addition 此外 In addition, there's another problem. 此外，还有另一个问题。
in advance 提前；预先 Please pay in advance. 请预先付款。
in all 总共 There were fifty people in all. 总共有五十人。
in any case 无论如何 In any case, we must try. 无论如何，我们必须尝试。
in brief 简言之 In brief, the situation is serious. 简言之，情况很严重。
in case 万一；以防 Take an umbrella in case it rains. 带把伞以防下雨。
in charge of 负责；管理 Who is in charge of this project 谁负责这个项目？
in common 共同；共有 We have a lot in common. 我们有很多共同点。
in conclusion 总之 In conclusion, I'd like to thank everyone. 总之，我想感谢大家。
in condition 健康状况良好 He's in good condition for his age. 就他的年龄而言，他身体状况良好。
in debt 负债 He's deeply in debt. 他负债累累。
in detail 详细地 Please explain in detail. 请详细解释。
in fact 事实上 In fact, I've never been there. 事实上，我从没去过那里。
in favor of 支持；赞成 I'm in favor of the plan. 我支持这个计划。
in front of 在……前面 There's a tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵树。
in general 一般而言 In general, women live longer than men. 一般而言，女性比男性长寿。
in honor of 为纪念；为庆祝 A ceremony was held in honor of the victims. 举行了仪式纪念遇难者。
in memory of 为纪念 The statue was built in memory of the hero. 这座雕像是为了纪念那位英雄而建的。
in need of 需要 He's in need of help. 他需要帮助。
in no time 很快；马上 I'll be back in no time. 我马上就回来。
in order 整齐；按顺序 Everything is in order. 一切井然有序。
in other words 换句话说 In other words, he refused. 换句话说，他拒绝了。
in particular 尤其；特别 I liked the last song in particular. 我特别喜欢最后一首歌。
in person 亲自 You must apply in person. 你必须亲自申请。
in place 在适当的位置 Everything is in place. 一切就绪。
in practice 实际上；在实践中 In practice, it's not that simple. 实际上，没那么简单。
in public 公开地；当众 He's shy speaking in public. 他害羞，不敢当众讲话。
in reality 实际上 In reality, things are different. 实际上，情况不同。
in return 作为回报 I bought him lunch in return for his help. 我请他吃午饭以回报他的帮助。
in short 简言之 In short, we need more money. 简言之，我们需要更多钱。
in sight 看得见；在望 Victory is in sight. 胜利在望。
in spite of 尽管 He went out in spite of the rain. 尽管下雨，他还是出去了。
in stock 有现货 We have this item in stock. 这个商品我们有现货。
in store 即将发生；储备 There's a surprise in store for you. 有个惊喜等着你。
in terms of 就……而言 In terms of quality, this is the best. 就质量而言，这是最好的。
in the end 最终 In the end, we agreed. 最终，我们达成了一致。
in the long run 从长远来看 In the long run, it will be worth it. 从长远来看，这是值得的。
in time 及时；最终 We arrived in time for the meeting. 我们及时赶到了会议。
in touch 保持联系 Let's keep in touch. 让我们保持联系。
in trouble 处于困境中 He's in trouble with the police. 他有麻烦了，警察在找他。
in turn 依次；反过来 Each student spoke in turn. 每个学生依次发言。
in vain 徒劳 All our efforts were in vain. 我们所有的努力都白费了。
四、on 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
on account of 因为；由于 He retired on account of ill health. 他因健康原因退休了。
on average 平均 On average, people sleep 8 hours a day. 平均来说，人们每天睡8小时。
on behalf of 代表 I'm speaking on behalf of the team. 我代表团队发言。
on board 在船/飞机上；支持 Everyone on board survived. 机上所有人都幸存了。
on business 出差 He's away on business. 他出差了。
on condition that 条件是 I'll help on condition that you keep it secret. 我可以帮忙，条件是你得保密。
on duty 值班；上班 I'm on duty tonight. 我今晚值班。
on fire 着火 The building is on fire! 大楼着火了！
on foot 步行 We went there on foot. 我们步行去那里。
on guard 警惕；站岗 Be on guard against pickpockets. 谨防扒手。
on hand 在手边；现有 We have plenty of supplies on hand. 我们现有充足的补给。
on holiday 在度假 They're on holiday in France. 他们在法国度假。
on purpose 故意地 I did it on purpose. 我是故意做的。
on sale 出售；打折 These shoes are on sale. 这些鞋子在打折。
on schedule 按时 The train arrived on schedule. 火车准时到达。
on strike 罢工 The workers are on strike. 工人们在罢工。
on the contrary 相反 On the contrary, I agree with you. 相反，我同意你的看法。
on the other hand 另一方面 On the other hand, it's expensive. 另一方面，它很贵。
on the spot 当场；立即 He was arrested on the spot. 他被当场逮捕。
on the whole 总的来说 On the whole, it was a good day. 总的来说，这是美好的一天。
on time 准时 The train arrived on time. 火车准时到达。
on top of 在……上面；除……之外 On top of everything else, I lost my job. 除了其他事情，我还丢了工作。
五、out of 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
out of breath 上气不接下气 I was out of breath after running. 跑完后我上气不接下气。
out of control 失去控制 The fire was out of control. 火势失去了控制。
out of date 过时的 This information is out of date. 这信息过时了。
out of order 出故障；次序颠倒 The phone is out of order. 电话坏了。
out of place 不合适；不恰当 I felt out of place at the party. 我在聚会上感到格格不入。
out of question 不可能 That's out of question. 那是不可能的。
out of the question 不可能 A vacation is out of the question. 度假是不可能的。
out of reach 够不着；无法达到 The book is out of my reach. 我够不着那本书。
out of sight 看不见 Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。
out of touch 失去联系 We've been out of touch for years. 我们已经多年没有联系了。
out of work 失业 He's been out of work for six months. 他已经失业六个月了。
六、to 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
to a degree 在一定程度上 I agree with you to a degree. 我在一定程度上同意你的看法。
to one's surprise 令某人惊讶的是 To my surprise, he won. 令我惊讶的是，他赢了。
to one's delight 令某人高兴的是 To my delight, she accepted. 令我高兴的是，她接受了。
to one's relief 令某人宽慰的是 To my relief, he was safe. 令我宽慰的是，他很安全。
to the point 切题；中肯 His speech was brief and to the point. 他的演讲简明扼要。
七、under 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
under age 未成年 You're under age to drink. 你还没到喝酒的年龄。
under control 在控制之下 The situation is under control. 局势在控制之下。
under construction 在建设中 The bridge is under construction. 桥梁正在建设中。
under discussion 在讨论中 The matter is under discussion. 这件事正在讨论中。
under pressure 在压力下 He works well under pressure. 他在压力下工作得很好。
under repair 在维修中 The road is under repair. 道路正在维修。
under the weather 身体不适 I'm feeling under the weather today. 我今天感觉不舒服。
八、with/without 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
with ease 容易地 He passed the exam with ease. 他轻松通过了考试。
with pleasure 乐意地 I'll help you with pleasure. 我很乐意帮助你。
with regard to 关于 With regard to your request... 关于您的请求……
with respect to 关于 With respect to this issue... 关于这个问题……
9、without 短语
短语 释义 语境例句
without delay 立即 Please reply without delay. 请立即回复。
without doubt 毫无疑问 He is without doubt the best player. 毫无疑问，他是最好的选手。
第三部分 近义短语辨析
近义短语辨析是完形填空的难点，本部分针对常考的近义短语进行对比分析，帮助考生准确区分，避免失分。
1. break短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
break down （机器）出故障；（人）崩溃；分解 强调停止运转或情绪崩溃
break out （战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发 强调突然发生，常用于灾难性事件
break up 分手；解散；打碎 强调关系的结束或整体的破碎
break in 闯入；打断（谈话） 强调强行进入或插话
break into 闯入；突然开始 后接地点名词或表示突然开始某种行为
【辨析要点】break down侧重于停止运转；break out用于灾难爆发；break up用于关系结束；break in/into用于闯入
2. take短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
take off 起飞；脱下；突然成功 强调离开地面或脱去衣物
take up 开始从事；占据（时间/空间） 强调开始新事物或占用资源
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗 强调接收信息或被骗
take on 承担；雇佣；呈现 强调接受责任或雇佣人员
take over 接管；接手 强调获得控制权
【辨析要点】take off强调离开或成功；take up强调开始或占用；take in强调吸收或欺骗；take on强调承担；take over强调接管
3. put短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
put off 推迟；延期 强调时间上的延后
put up 举起；建造；张贴 强调物理上的举起或建立
put on 穿上；上演；增加 强调穿戴或表演
put out 熄灭；出版；使烦恼 强调熄灭火或发布产品
put away 收起；储存 强调整理收纳
【辨析要点】put off用于推迟；put up用于建造或张贴；put on用于穿戴；put out用于熄灭；put away用于收纳
4. get短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
get over 克服；从……恢复 强调战胜困难或疾病
get through 通过；完成；接通电话 强调成功完成或打通电话
get across 使理解；传达 强调观点被理解
get along 相处融洽；进展 强调人际关系或事情进展
get away 逃离；度假 强调逃脱或休息
【辨析要点】get over用于克服困难；get through用于完成或打通；get across用于传达理解；get along用于相处；get away用于逃离
5. look短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
look after 照顾；照看 强调照料责任
look for 寻找 强调搜寻过程
look up 查阅；好转；拜访 强调查找信息或情况改善
look into 调查；研究 强调深入调查
look forward to 期待；盼望 后接动名词，强调期盼
【辨析要点】look after用于照顾；look for用于寻找；look up用于查阅；look into用于调查；look forward to后接doing
6. turn短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
turn down 拒绝；调低 强调拒绝请求或降低音量
turn up 出现；调高 强调出现或提高音量
turn out 结果是；证明是 强调最终结果
turn over 翻转；移交 强调翻动或转移
turn into 变成 强调形态转变
【辨析要点】turn down用于拒绝或调低；turn up用于出现或调高；turn out用于结果；turn over用于翻转；turn into用于转变
7. come短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
come about 发生；产生 强调事情的发生方式
come across 偶然发现；被理解 强调意外发现
come up with 想出；提出 强调主动提出想法
come out 出版；出现；结果是 强调结果或发布
come to 苏醒；总计；涉及 强调恢复意识或总数
【辨析要点】come about用于发生；come across用于偶然发现；come up with用于想出；come out用于出版或结果；come to用于苏醒
8. go短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
go through 经历；仔细检查 强调经历过程或详细审查
go over 复习；检查 强调再次查看
go into 进入；调查 强调深入某事
go on 继续；发生 强调持续进行
go off 爆炸；（闹钟）响 强调突然发生
【辨析要点】go through用于经历或检查；go over用于复习；go into用于调查；go on用于继续；go off用于爆炸
9. make短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
make up 组成；编造；化妆；和解 强调构成或虚构
make up for 弥补；补偿 强调补偿损失
make out 辨认出；理解 强调勉强看清或理解
make for 走向；有助于 强调方向或促成
make into 把……制成 强调材料转变
【辨析要点】make up用于编造或组成；make up for用于弥补；make out用于辨认；make for用于走向；make into用于制成
10. give短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
give up 放弃；戒除 强调主动放弃
give in 屈服；让步 强调被迫妥协
give away 赠送；泄露 强调无偿给予或无意泄露
give out 分发；用完 强调分配或耗尽
give off 发出（光、热、气味） 强调散发物质
【辨析要点】give up是主动放弃；give in是被迫屈服；give away是赠送或泄露；give out是分发或用完；give off是散发
11. carry短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
carry on 继续；进行 强调持续做某事
carry out 执行；实施 强调完成任务
carry off 夺走；成功应付 强调获得或应对
carry away 使激动；使失去理智 强调情绪影响
carry through 完成；度过难关 强调坚持到底
【辨析要点】carry on用于继续；carry out用于执行；carry off用于夺走；carry away用于激动；carry through用于完成
12. keep短语辨析
短语 释义 用法说明
keep on 继续 强调持续动作
keep up 保持；继续 强调维持水平
keep up with 跟上 强调不落后
keep back 阻止；隐瞒 强调保留或阻止
keep off 远离 强调保持距离
【辨析要点】keep on用于继续动作；keep up用于保持水平；keep up with用于跟上；keep back用于隐瞒；keep off用于远离