2026年中考英语二轮复习：主谓一致 课件(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
主谓一致
主谓一致虽然是课标中仅作理解要求的语法项目，但是在初中阶段
是非常重要的语法项目，同学们也需要掌握。2024年语法选择第38题涉
及了主谓一致的考查。
在英语里，主谓一致是让句子 “站稳脚跟” 的基本准则！它就像句
子的 “平衡器”，要求主语和谓语在人称、数上保持呼应，让表达准确
又规范。那么主谓一致有哪些核心规则？遇到特殊情况该如何处理呢？
跟着下面的对话一起梳理吧！
(改编自人教8下U6课文)
Teacher: So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong
Ming Ming: I think ①it's really interesting.Yu Gong found a good
way to solve his problem.
Anna: Really I think it's a little bit silly.It doesn't seem very
possible to move a mountain.
Ming Ming: But ②the story is trying to show us that ③anything is
possible if you work hard!
Anna: Well, ④I still don't agree with you.I think we should try to
find other ways to solve a problem.⑤The wise often use smart methods,
not just hard work.
Teacher: You have different opinions about the story, and ⑥neither
of you are wrong.⑦There are many sides to a story and many ways to
understand it.
英语中的主谓一致主要遵循三条原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原
则和就近一致原则。
①②③④遵循语法一致原则(谓语动词在单复数形式上和主语保持
一致)
⑤⑥遵循意义一致原则(谓语动词的单复数和主语意义上的单复数
保持一致)
⑦遵循就近一致原则(谓语动词的单复数和靠近它的主语部分保持
一致)
下面来具体学习一下主谓一致需遵循的三条原则。
语法一致
谓语动词 主语 举例
用单数 单数名词或代词 It/This book is very interesting.它/这本书很有趣。
one of＋可数名词复数 One of the apples is red.其中一个苹果是红色的。
the number of＋可数名词复数 The number of books in the library is over 10，000.图书馆的藏书量超过一万。
谓语动词 主语 举例
用单数 each, every, either, neither或no＋单数名词 Each student has a new schoolbag.每个学生都有一个新书包。
Either pen is OK for me.对我来说，哪支钢笔都行。
由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词 Nothing is impossible.没有什么是不可能的。
谓语动词 主语 举例
用单数 动词不定式、动名词 To help others makes me happy.帮助他人让我感到快乐。
Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
形式上是复数，但意义非复数的名词(news, maths, physics等) Bad news travels quickly.坏消息传得很快。
用复数 复数名词或代词 These flowers are very beautiful.这些花非常漂亮。
We go to school by bus every day.我们每天坐公交车去上学。
由and或both… and…连接两个主语 Tom and Lily are good friends.汤姆和莉莉是好朋友。
Bread and milk are my breakfast.我的早餐是面包和牛奶。
a number of＋可数名词复数 A number of birds are singing in the tree.树上许多鸟儿在歌唱。
某些只有复数形式的名词，如glasses, trousers, scissors等 Your glasses are on the table.你的眼镜在桌子上。
单复数由核心主语决定(无视修饰成分) 主语后接with, together with, as well as, along with, like, but, except, including等介词(短语)，谓语只看前面的核心主语 Lucy, together with her parents, visits her grandma every weekend.露西和她的父母每个周末都会去看望她的奶奶。
All the students except Tom are in the classroom.除了汤姆，所有的学生都在教室里。
“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/the rest of＋名词”作主语，谓语由of后的名词决定 Lots of trees have been planted here.这里种了很多树。
The rest of the water is in the bottle.剩下的水都在瓶子里。
单复数由核心主语决定(无视修饰成分) “分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语，谓语由of后的名词决定 Two thirds of the land is covered with grass.三分之二的土地被草覆盖。
60% of the students are girls.60%的学生是女生。
意义一致
谓语动词 主语 举例
用单数 表示时间、价格、距离、度量衡等的名词 Ten kilometers is not a long way for him.对他来说，十千米的路程并不算远。
虽然由and连接，但指的是同一人/物 The writer and teacher often shares stories with students.这位作家兼教师经常与学生分享故事。
“the only one of＋复数名词＋who/that/which”引导的从句结构中 He is the only one of the boys who knows how to play the piano.他是这些男孩中唯一一个会弹钢琴的。
谓语动词 主语 举例
用复数 集体名词people, police等 People in this community are very friendly.这个社区的人都很友好。
the＋姓氏名词复数(……一家人/夫妇), the＋某些形容词(一类人) The Wangs are having dinner.王家一家人正在吃晚饭。
The old need more care from their children.老人需要子女更多的照顾。
“one of＋复数名词＋who/that/which”引导的从句结构中 This is one of the songs that are popular with students.这是学生中很受欢迎的歌曲之一。
谓语动词 主语 举例
单复数取决于主语意义 某些集体名词(family, team, class, group等)作主语时，如果是作为一个整体来讲，谓语动词用单数；如果指集体的每个成员，谓语动词用复数 Our family is going to visit the zoo this Sunday.我们家这周日要去参观动物园。
My family are preparing for my birthday party.我的家人们正在为我的生日派对做准备。
就近一致
谓语动词 主语 举例
与最靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致 由连词either… or…， neither… nor…， not only… but (also)…等连接的并列主语 Either you or your brother has to clean the room.不是你打扫房间，就是你弟弟打扫房间。
“There be”句型中的主语 There is a pen and three books on the desk.桌子上有一支笔和三本书。
There are three books and a pen on the desk.桌子上有三本书和一支笔。
一、夯基：单项填空
(　A　)1. (2025黑龙江改编)There no yogurt and no tomatoes
on the shopping list.We need to add to the salad.
A. is; them B． are; them C． are; it
(　A　)2. (2025黑龙江改编)My mother with her students to
volunteer at the old people's home next week.
A. is going B． are going C． goes
A
A
(　B　)3. Having good manners necessary when you visit a
foreign country.
A. are B． is C． was
B
二、提能：语篇运用(用所给动词的适当形式填空，每空一词)
(2025广安改编)Hello, everyone.I'm Li Hua.I 1. (be) going to talk about my hometown with you.It's a wonderful place that 2. (have) brought joy to both locals and visitors for years.There 3. (be) many places of interest.Each of them 4. (offer) a wonderful experience. Here you can get close to nature.What's more, there 5. (be) a lot of delicious food. For example, something special like the sweet duck 6. (taste) great.My hometown 7. (be) developing fast these years.Millions of people 8. (come) to visit it every year.
am
has
are
offers
is
tastes
is
come