(共32张PPT)
名 词
名词是表示人、事、物、地点或抽象概念的词,
核心要掌握分类、可数名词复数变化、名词所有格三
大模块。
一、名词的分类
类别 特点 常用修饰词
可数 名词 可计数, 分开
后不再是原事
物; 有单复数
形式 a/an、数词(one/two)、many、
a few、several、a number
of(+复数)、some/all/a lot
of(单复数均可)
类别 特点 常用修饰词
不可数
名词 不可计数, 分
开后仍是原事
物; 只有单数
形式 量词(a bag of/a piece of)、
much、a little、a great deal
of、some/all/a lot of(+单数)
二、可数名词复数的变化规则
1. 规则变化
规则 示例
一般情况下词
尾+s friend→friends, cat→cats,
style→styles
以s, x, ch,
sh结尾+es box→boxes, watch→watches
注意: 以th结尾的名词加s, 如:
month→months
规则 示例
以辅音字母+y
结尾, 将y改
变为i, 再加es city→cities, country→countries
注意: 以元音字母+y结尾的直接加s,
如: day→days, boy→boys
规则 示例
以f或fe结尾的
将f或fe变为ves knife→knives, half→halves(另外还有
thief, wife, life, shelf, leaf, self,
wolf等)
注意: 有少数词后直接加s, 如:
roof→roofs
规则 示例
以o结尾的名词
(有生命的+
es, 无生命的
+s) 1.表示有生命的名词, 如:
tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes,
hero→heroes
2.表示无生命的名词, 如:
piano→pianos, kilo→kilos
2. 不规则变化
变化 类型 示例
元音字母
改变 foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese,
man→men, woman→women,
mouse→mice
变化 类型 示例
单复数 同形 fish(鱼), sheep(羊), deer(鹿), Chinese(中
国人), Japanese(日本人)
特殊变形 child→children, ox→oxen
3. 特殊注意点
只用复数的名词: clothes(衣服), pants(裤子),
jeans(牛仔裤), shorts(短裤), glass(眼镜),
scissors(剪刀)
以s结尾但不是复数的名词: maths(数学), politics(政
治), physics(物理), news(新闻)
三、名词所有格(表所属, 即“……的”)
1. -’s所有格(多用来表“有生命的事物”或特殊无生命
事物)
适用场景 规则 示例
一般有生
命名词 词尾直接
加’s This is Lucy’s skirt.这是露西的
裙子。
以 s 结尾的
有生命名
词 词尾直接
加’ This is our teachers’ desk.
这是我们老师的讲台。
适用场景 规则 示例
两人/多人
共有某物 只在最后
一个名词
后加’s Li Ming and Li Hua’s room.
李明和李华共有的房间
两人/多人
各自拥有
某物 每个名词
后都加’s Li Ming’s and Li Hua’s rooms
李明的房间和李华的房间
适用场景 规则 示例
无生命事
物(时间、
距离、国
家、自然
现象等) 加’s ten days’ trip十天的旅行;
China’s weather中国的天气;
the earth’s environment地球的环
境
适用场景 规则 示例
表店铺、
医院、住
宅等 -’s 后名词
可省略 at the doctor’s在诊所; at the
barber’s在理发店;
at Tom’s在汤姆家
2. of 所有格(多用来表“无生命事物”的所属)
规则 示例
结构: A of
B(B的A, 语序
与中文相反) the legs of the chair 椅子的腿
Taiwan is a part of China. 台湾是中国的
一部分。
规则 示例
修饰词较长的
有生命事物 the name of the beautiful young lady 那个
年轻漂亮女士的名字;
the health of the old 老人的健康
3. 双重所有格(表“……中的一个”, 避免歧义)
规则 示例
限定词
(a/an/this/that/some/any
等)+名词+of+’s 所有
格/名词性物主代词 a friend of mine我的一个朋
友;
that book of Tom’s汤姆的那本
书
规则 示例
特殊区别(photo/picture) a photo of my mother’s我妈妈
拥有的一张照片;
a photo of my mother我妈妈本
人的照片
◆专项导图
◆专项训练
( A )1. (2025泉州鲤城模拟)—Mingming, can you tell
me how to use the new mobile phone?
—Sure, Grandpa. Let’s read
the carefully.
A. instructions B. introduction
C. suggestions
A
( B )2. (2025福州台江三模)—Could you please tell me
your secret of writing?
—Sure. I love reading and the works of Lu Xun
have a great on me.
A. attention B. influence
C. attraction
B
( C )3. (2025厦门思明二模)— are easily
made, but not easily kept.
—That’s true. Once you make one, be sure to
keep it.
A. Speeches B. Decisions
C. Promises
C
( B )4. (2025石狮三模)—What lesson can we learn from
the story of Edison?
—We should know that we need to keep trying
and not be afraid of .
A. decisions B. difficulties
C. differences
B
( A )5. Nobody thought it was easy to finish so much
work in .
A. two days’ time B. two-days time
C. two day’s time
A
( A )6. (2025厦门同安二模)Su Song is famous for his
great in inventing the Water Transport
Observatory(水运仪象台).
A. achievement B. treatment
C. agreement
A
( B )7. (2025厦门思明二模)—Our school neighborhood
has too much rubbish. What should we do?
—We could start a clean-up !
A. problem B. project
C. promise
B
( C )8. (2025泉州二模)It’s known that deserts
are to some animals and plants.
A. secret B. road C. home
( B )9. (2025宁德模拟)—The movie is popular with
students. Do you know the ?
—Because it shows the real life of the students.
A. result B. reason C. subject
C
B
( A )10. (2025南平模拟)Sally, you lie to me again!
Don’t make such a foolish and tell me
the truth!
A. excuse B. lesson
C. speech
A
( C )11. (2025厦门二模)—My history teacher always
listens to our ideas, even when they’re
different from hers.
—That’s great! She really
deserves for treating students
equally(平等地).
A. regret B. regard C. respect
C
( C )12. (2025南平模拟)—In China, people eat
dumplings for good luck in the Spring Festival.
—That’s true. It’s an interesting .
A. common B. condition
C. custom
C
13. The bank is three (minute) walk from
here.
14. It’s really enjoyable to have a close look at
different (church) in Italy.
15. The two sides finally reached an (agree)
after discussing the problem for a long time.
minutes’
churches
agreement