2026年牛津上海版中考英语一轮复习被动语态课件(共37张PPT)

(共37张PPT)
被动语态
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态
主动语态表示主语是动作的 执行者。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
二、被动语态的基本构成：
be+动词的过去分词（be+done)
be随着人称，时态和数的变化而变化
一、 需要使用被动语态的情况
不知道或不必提及动作的执行者
This bridge was built in 1700.
这座桥建于1700年。
强调动作的承受者
Frank was hit by a car.
弗兰克被车撞了。
说话者希望所说的内容更加客观，避免就自己不太肯定的事表态
It is said that Japan’s industrial progress after the war was very remarkable.
据说战后日本的工业进步非常显著。
一般 进行 完成
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done have/has been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 will be doneam/is/are going to be done will have been done
过去将来 would be donewas/were going to be done would have been done
Attention
含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done
芝士蛋糕必须得趁冷吃。
Cheese cake must be served cold.
★小试身手★
请用下面括号内单词的适当形式填空：
1) A speech will be given/was given (give) this afternoon.
2) The classroom is cleaned (clean) every day.
3) Some effective measures have been taken (take) since last year.
4) My mother’s favorite vase was broken (break) yesterday.
5) The book had been read (read) four times by the end of last semester.
6) An amusement park is being built (build) in our city now.
7) The technician told me that my watch would be repaired (repair) in 1 hour.
8) The problem was being discussed (discuss) this time yesterday.
9) He said that he had been invited/would be invited (invite) to the party.
10) Thousands of trees will have been planted (plant) in this area by the end of this year.
11) The clothes may be delivered (deliver) to the poor area next month.
三、主动语态和被动语态的转换
1.陈述句改为被动句
Step1:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语
Step2:动词结构作相应变化（be+过去分词）
Step3:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step4:其他照抄
He was making a model plane.
A model plane was being made (by him).
2.一般疑问句改为被动句
Step1:be动词/情态动词/助动词放句首
Step2:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语
Step3:被动结构的其他成分
Step4:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step5:其他照抄
Did Mike’s teacher give much homework yesterday
Was much homework given by Mike’s teacher yesterday
3.特殊疑问句改为被动句
Step1:特殊疑问词不变
Step2:be动词/情态动词/助动词提前
Step3:主动语态的宾语用作被动语态的主语（主动语态特殊疑问词作宾语则这步省略）
Step4:被动结构的其他成分
Step5:by+主动语态的主语（可省略）
Step6:其他照抄
When will Jack finish his homework
When will Jack’s homework be finished by him
What did Linda’s father mend last night
What was mended by Linda’s father last night
★小试身手★
请把下列句子变为被动句：
1)I was sure people would punish him.
I was sure he would be punished by me.
2)They may open a new school next year.
A new school may be opened next year by them.
3)Can the boy pick up heavy weights
Can heavy weights be picked up by the boy
4)Will your mother kiss you on your wedding day next week
Will you be kissed by your mother on your wedding day next week
四、双宾语结构的被动转换
双宾语结构的转换原则
He gave her a rose.
= He gave a rose to her.
A rose was given to her.
(物做主语有介词)
She was given a rose.
(人做主语无介词)
★小试身手★
请改写下列句子，保持句意不变：
1)My father bought me a Mini Cooper.
物做主语：
A Mini Cooper was bought for me by my father.
人做主语：
I was bought a Mini Cooper by my father.
2)The waiter has not brought us the coffee.
物做主语：
The coffee hasn't been brought to us by the waiter.
人做主语：
We haven't been brought the coffee by the waiter.
Attention
以下动词与介词to搭配
award, bring, give, hand, leave, lend, mail, play, post, promise, pass, read, return, recommend（推荐）, sell, send, serve（招待）, show, sing, take, teach, tell, throw, write
以下动词与介词for搭配
boil, book, bring, build, buy, call, catch, change, choose, cook, cut, do, draw, fetch, find, fix, gather, get, keep, leave, make, order, pick, prepare, reserve（预留）, sing, save
★小试身手★
请用括号里的词翻译句子：
1)这个房间是为史密斯一家预定的。(reserve)
This room is reserved for the Smiths.
2)你不要指望任何人能为了你而变化。(change)
No one is expected to change for you.
五、 不能使用被动语态的词和词组
1. 不及物动词及短语
出现 appear 死 die 消失 disappear
躺 lie 升起 rise 同意 agree
属于 belong to 爆发 break out 由…组成 consist of
赶上 keep up with 发生 happen take place occur
2. 静态动词
变成 become 有益于 benefit 等于 equal
失败 fail 包含 contain 缺少 lack
持续 last 意味着 mean 值…钱 cost
适合 suit fit
六、常见主动语态表被动的词和词组
1.常见系动词：
smell, sound, taste, feel, look, seem, appear, prove
井水尝起来好甜。
The well water tastes sweet.
这块丝绸布料摸起来很光滑。
This silk feels very smooth.
2.一些动词在主动表示被动时，通常和well等副词连用，这些动词有：
clean/cut/cook/draw/play/read/sell/wash/wear/write/run/ride +well
这支笔很好写。
This pen writes well.
这幅眼镜戴起来很舒服。
This pair of glasses wears comfortably.
3.用动名词的主动形式来代替被动，这类动词主要有：
want/need/require/deserve +doing =want/need/require to be done
孩子们需要照看。
The children need looking after.
你值得拥有这些奖励。
You deserve owning these prizes.
4.be worth doing sth. 某事值得做
Anything worth doing is worth doing well.
值得做的事就值得做好。
5.be + adj. + to do
当这个句型的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，我们一般用主动表被动。
English is hard to learn.（English是to learn的逻辑宾语，所以不用被动。）
这本书很难跟上。(follow)
The book is hard to follow.
他说的话很容易理解。(What he said)
What he said is easy to understand.
七、have sth. done的双重含义
1.某事被别人完成
你多久剪一次头发？
How often do you have your hair cut
2.某人的一种经历
我昨晚把手臂摔断了。
I had my arm broken yesterday.
1.I saw the boy run yesterday.
The boy was seen to run yesterday.
2.He told me that he would come back soon.
I was told that he would come back soon.
3.You could find a lot of differences between the two languages.
A lot of differences could be found between the two languages.
4.Do you water your flowers every day
Are your flowers watered every day
5.How did he cut the loaf into thick slices
How was the loaf cut into thick slices by him
6.Who did Mr. Li visit
Who was visited by Mr. Li
7.I saw that he broke the vase.
I saw that the vase was broken by him.
8.My mother makes me recite 20 words every day.
I am made to recite 20 words every day by my mother.
9.Tom was throwing the ball to Jerry at that moment.
The ball was being thrown by Tom to Jerry at that moment.
Jerry was being thrown the ball by Tom at that moment.
10.The secretary has ordered a ticket for the boss.
A ticket has been ordered by the secretary for the boss.
The boss has been ordered a ticket by the secretary.
课堂练习
（一）改写句子
1. We plant trees in spring every year.
_________________ by us in spring every year.
2. She posted the letter yesterday.
____________________ by her yesterday.
3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present.
_______________a birthday present by Mr Turner.
5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow.
______________________________ by you tomorrow.
6. She is going to write a letter.
__________________________ by her.
Trees are planted
The letter was posted
I was given
Your homework may be handed in
A letter is going to be written
1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout
to be heard even at dinner．
A． are not kept；will have to
B． are not kept；have
C． do not keep；will have to
D． do not keep；have to
2. The fifth generation computers, ____and
perfected now.
A. developed B. have developed
C. are being developed D. will have been developed
3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A． I've been told B． I've told
C． I'm told D． I told
A
C
A
4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed B. completes
C. has been completed D. is completed
5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed
that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut
C. are being cut D. had been cut
6. The new bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed
B. had been designed
C. was designed
D. would be designed
7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of water,
it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. was broken D. had been broken
D
C
B
C
8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.
A. have been taken place; have been set up
B. have taken place; have been set up
C. have taken place; have set up
D. were taken place; were set up
9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.
A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost
10. --- Look! Everything here is under construction.
--- What’s the pretty small house that __ for
A. is being built B. has been built
C. is built D. is building
11.--- Do you like the cloth
--- Yes, it ___ very soft.
A. is feeling B. felt
C. feels D. is felt
B
D
A
C
12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A． write B． to write
C． to be written D． written
13. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you．
A． to type B． typing
C． to be typed D． typed
14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt,
for it __ easily.
A. won’t wash out B. won’t be washed out
C. isn’t washed out D. isn’t washing out
15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because
the lights happened to ___.
A. be put up B. give in
C. be turned on D. go out
B
C
A
D
16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.
A. belongs B. are belonged to
C. belongs to D. belong to
17. --- What do you think of the book
---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.
A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read
18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.
A. catching B. to be caught
C. being caught D. to catch
19. This page needed ___ again.
A. being checked B. checked
C. to check D. to be checked
20. ___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do it.
A. Having taught B. Having been taught
C. taught D. Teaching
D
C
C
D
B